Universidad Nacional “Pedro Ruiz Gallo” FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA QUIMICA E INDUSTRIAS ALIMENTARIAS ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA QUIMICA
CURSO: TECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOS
PRACTICA:
N°05- SALADO DE ALIMENTOS ALIMENTOS INTEGRANTES:
AGUINAGA SANCHEZ, ANDERSON(120560-D) CALVA CALVAY PEÑA, ARACELI (120!-D) (120 !-D) CAMPOS CORONADO, "IMENA (12!010-E) CORREA RAMIEREZ, ELIZA#ETH (11202$-E) CRUZ #ALCAZAR YANIN, (0$052%D) MONTENEGROGALVEZ,MILAGROS(1205$0-E) TERRONES RAMIREZ, RO#ERT (0$050-H)
DOCENTE: ING& MIGUEL 'NGEL SOLANO CORNE"O
FECHA DE REALIZACION: 2! DE NOVIEM#RE DEL 2015&
FECHA DE ENTREGA: !0 DE NOVIEM#RE DEL 2015&
II.- INTRODUCCIÓN:
L *+ . / 343 4. ..789 ..789 4. *9.3 8/:3 .;.83 989*. 989*. . 4.<. ;/4.*.., * 499/89 4.* A= (=.8979:) 3 * 4.>9489 34/894 . .* .843 833 ./*43 4.* 9.8<93 *-?/, * .;.83 @983 4. *3 93. C*- : N 3<. 89.3 9. .+9B983 .+9B983 <8.93, <8.93, : .;.83 .;.83 9?983 9?983 83 33 ;83. 4. 3.889 4. * 8. 833 .* H& L ;/89 /. 8/*. .* NC* . 833 9983 . /: 4<9*, .3 . / ;83 B .. . 8/. .. * 8893. /. . 34/8. ..7 *3 *9.3& L * 3738 / 4./*9+89 4. * 3. : * .889 /8/* 83 *3 /. 4/ .* /8/*3 79833 : .. 4.* .843& U .83 .?973 . .* .*.3 4. * * . * 94/9 *9.9, . 4.<. * .@889 398 4. ?/, .*9943 / 7.+ *?/3 83/.3 >9433*/<*., *. 833 799, 9.*. : 3., .4/89.43 4. . ;3 .* 7*3 /9893* 4. *3 *9.3 83.743, * 83*3 83 34/83 ;.83 (L/8F . *&, 2000)& P3 33 *43, 4.<943 /. 3 .8.9 * 838.893. 4. * * 9>9<989 4.* 8.899.3 983<93, .* 38.3 4. *43 . 94.8/43 3 9 3*3 833 343 4. 83. 83 .7 789 89 . 34/ 34/8 83 3 *9 *9. .98 9893 93 *9 *93 3 83 83/ /3, 3, 9. 9.43 43 .8. .8. 9 9 * 83<989 83 33 93 4. 898 833 /.4. . .* .843, 4.>9489 398, >/43, .. 3& H 943 /: ./494 ./494 * 9;*/.89 9;*/.89 /. * * /.4. ..8. . * 3*/<9*944 3*/<9*944 : * 39.44. ./*9;98. 4. * 3. (C>.;.* . *& 1%$%)& L 3*/<9*944 4. * 3. . .* ?/ 4..4.
3*. . * 84. *.*. 4. *3 93B8943 (C>.;.* . *&, 1%$%), 49893*.. * ..89. 998 ... . * 3*/89 (AF= . *&, 1%$2 9.**, 1%$2)& P3 33 *43 * * ..8. 9;*/.89 . * 897944 .+9B98 4. 49;... 3., *. 833 3. 8974 3 8*893 8.9 D : 8.9 L .. 3& C/43 .* 83.943 4. * /., * 897944 .+9B98 4. .3 83/.3 4.89.4., *3 8/* 83**.7 * .7.89 4.* 4..933 4. * 8.& E* .893 4. ;..89 4. .9 4/. .* 38.3 4. *43, 89 * 838.893. 4. * (.@.93 4.* *9.3)& <- J*/3 4. *, * 8/* / 7.+ 49/.* .. . .* *9.3, 4.<943 * < 838.89 .@9.. . .* 9.93 4. .& L 7.*38944 83 * /. * * .. . .* *9.3 499/:. .494 /. .* ./9*9<93 *93, .. .* .493 .@.93 (*) : .* 34/83, . *8+43& J83. 9.3 : .@.3 ;.8 *3 ;*/3 4. 4/. .* 38.3 4. *43& E. *3 ;83. .@.3 34.3 .83 * ../, .* .493 *93 (* *94 3 */.), : .* K3 4. *3 89*. 4. *& A*?/3 4. *3 B.3 9.3 3 .* H, .* 83.943 4. ? 9., * >/.44, .* .43 4. * .9 9 (;.8 3 83?.*4), .8& L * .. . * 8. <3 * 9;*/.89 4. 497.3 ;83. ;983 : ;983/983, .. *3 8/*. . 98*/:., * 89*944, * 49;/9, * ;/.+ 998, * 39, 3894 349;98893. /98 4. 497.3 839/:.., ..89*.. 3. 4.* .843& D/. * 9. ;. 4.* 38.3 * 3*/<9*944 4. * 3. 499/:. 339.., 3<. 343 * 3. 3*/<*. 4. ;/.+ 998 .*.74 (83939)& L 93*/<9*944 4. * 83939, 4./*9+4 3 * * 838.89 4. * *, >8. /. . .. 3.3 .* .843 4/9. / .@/ .8& L/.?3, * 4.?489 3?.97 4. * 83939 834/8. * ;389 4. ./.K3 943 : 93B8943 3*/<*. 4. < ;/.+ 998& E3 83/.3 3*/<*. 83.4., 3 / *43, * ;889 3.98, : 3 33 *43, / ;889 3 .899<*. 3 .* B8943 98*338983, .* NNP, /. /. 83 .* 9.3& U . 4. . ;8893. 93?.4 3*/<*. 49;/4. . * */. : .* .3 4. 9?.3 . .* 8/*3 4.* .843 .8/943, <&A*9, *./89 : *99 .8. .439 . *
;889 4. *3 93B8943 *9<. 4.* .843 4/43& T<9 . .8/. 83 .3 ;.8/.89, B8943 ?*/B983 : B983& E3 8<93 3 *3 .3<*. 4. * 88.98 ;9*. 4.* 34/83 *. 833 <3, 3*3 : 83*3
III.-MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS 1.- Materiae!: M/. (#393)
P.* #34
C/8>9**3
E/;
#*+ 49?9*
S* . <3*
#3* Z9*38
CB/* 4. P38.*
".- M#t$%$ %e Saa%$: E* 343 /43 . B898 839. . / *99.+ 4.8/4 4. * .9 9, / ;9*..43 3 <./ 4.* .843, / *43 : *8.9.3& E@9. . 898 4. *43 *+ .8, *+ >.4 : *+ 83<94&
&.- Pr$'e%i(ie)t$: DIAGRAMA DE FLU*O PESCADO JRESCO
LIMPIEZA
.8
78.
?/
EVISCERADO
*
SALAZN SECA
ESCURRIDO
EMPAUE
ALMACENAMIENTO
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROCESO Re'i+$ , !ee''i): . .*.8893 .843 4. K3 ./.K3, . ..89* ..89. ?& Li(ie/a: 839. . 4.8 .* .843 .9.43 8/9443 4. 3 3. * 9.* 4.<3 4. * .8& S. 4.<. /9*9+ 8.9**3 * .8 : ?/ 3<*. ;& E0i!'era%$: . >8. / 83. *3 *?3 4. * 87944 <439* : . .@. * 78. : * </9& S. 4.<. *99 .* .843 4. * ?. : .3 4. 78.&& N3 . 4.<. . * 8<.+ 4.* 8/.3 : 383 83 .* .843 . 94.& Fietea%$: . .*9+ .* ;9*..43 8343 .* ;9*.. 4.4. * 8<.+ >89 * 83*, *3 B 8.83 39<*. . * .9& L 87944 4. * 839** *.4.43 4.* <43. .B 98*/94 . .* ;9*.. 8343& S. 4.<. /9 * 78. /. /.4 . .?4 * ;9*..& S9 ;/. .8.93, .. * *. 4.* ;9*..& Saa/) !e'a *3 ;9*.. 4. "/.* ;.83 3 8/<9.3 4. *, 4. * ;3 /. 343 .* 73*/. 4.* ;9*.. .. . 93 8383 83 * *& E(a2e: .* .843 .83 - *43 . .8 . <3* *B98 4. Z9*38 /. 3 4>... : .79 .* 3 4.* 9.& A(a'e)a(ie)t$: .* *8.9.3 . >B <3 3<& FOTOS DEL PROCESO
I3.- RESULTADOS A& L3 D3 E@.9.*. 3<.943 3 C/43 01& V989 4. P.3 .. *3 ;9*.. 4. <393 : *43 *3 *?3 4.* 9.3&
H$ra! %e Saa%$ 1 " & ; < = > ? 1@ 11
Pe!$ i)i'ia %e 4iete 4re!'$ 56r7 $%&05 %2&!0 120&2 110&%0 %2&5 $5&6! %&% 1!0&%$ 1!0&%$ 116&5 100&0
Pe!$ %e 4iete e) '$)ta't$ '$) a !a 56r7 6$&!0 65&15 %0&% !&5 52&$ !&2 50&6 $1&2 66&!5 50&0! 0&!1
8 Pe!$ %e Pe!$ i)i'ia
9 %e Pe!$! %e 4iete
C/43 02& A?/ P.494 4. * /. *4 4. #393 : 4..989 4. * .9 .8 84 /.&
H$ra! %e Saa%$
Pe!$ %e (2e!tra 2e i)6re!ar a a (24a 567
@ "
20 20&01 1%&%%
Pe!$ %e (2e!tra a a !ai%a %e a (24a Materia Se'a 567 12&5 12&!0 11&05
9 Pe!$! A62a Per%i%a
> 1@ 1" 1 1< 1> "@ ""
20&0 20&0 20&0 20&02 20&01 20&0 20&10 1%&%$
%&$0 %&50 %&02 $&5 5&62 &!1 !&20 2&5
C/43 0!& D..989 4.* P38.. 4. S* . 84 /. *4 4. #393, / >/.44 . <. .8 79893. 4. * : >/.44 . <. .8 . .* 9.3&
H$ra! %e Saa%$
@ " > 1@ 1" 1 1< 1> "@ ""
Pe!$ %e M2e!tra !aa%a 567
H2(e%a% Ba!e Se'a %e M2e!tra
6$&!0 65&15 %0&% !&5 52&$ !&2 50&6 $1&2 66&!5 50&0! 0&!1
3aria'i) %e Materia Se'a Sa Ga)a%a
8 %e Sa e) M2e!tra
%Sal θ
ΔHBS
----
----
----
----
J/* /4 Masade H 2 O perdida ( estufa ) Humedad enBase Seca ( HBS ) = Masa Secaa la salidade la estufa
Sal ganada Masa Seca final Masa seca inical =
Sal enla Muestra=
−
Sal ganada x 100 Masade Muestra salada
ΔHBS θ
----
ΔHBS HBS incial HBS final =
−
Peso del filete fresco %Pesodel Peso incial = x 100 Peso del filete salado
#& GB;983 3<.943 9 4. *3 43 .@.9.*. A&H#SQT 7& T9.3
ΔHBS/θ vs. T!"#$ 0.01 0.01 0.01 0
H#SQ
ΔHBS/T 0 0 0 0
0
50
100
150
T!"#$ %&'(
200
250
300
ΔHBS/θ vs. T!"#$ 0.01 0.01
)%*( + 0 ,-%*( 0.01 R + 0.
0.01 0 ΔHBS/T
H#SQ
L$'4&" %ΔHBS/T(
0 0 0 0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
T!"#$ %&'(
#& H/.44 . #. S.8 7& T9.3
H8"!99 !- Bs! S! vs. T!"#$ 0.7 0.5 0.6
H8"!99 !- Bs! S!
0.3
H8"!99 Bs! 9! M8!s4'
0.2 0.1 0 0
50
100
150
T!"#$ %&'(
200
250
300
H8"!99 !- Bs! S! vs T!"#$ 0.7
0.5
0.6
)%*( + 0.6 !*#% 0 * ( R + 0.73
Bs! 9!0.3 M8!s4' H8"!99H8"!99 !- Bs! S!
E*#$-!-4, %H8"!99 Bs! 9! M8!s4'(
0.2
0.1
0
0
50
100
150
T!"#$ %&'(
C& 4. S* 7& T9.3
200
250
: 9! S, vs T!"#$ 6.5 6 3.5 3 2.5
: S,
: 9! S, !- M8!s4'
2 1.5 1 0.5 0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
T!"#$ %&'(
: 9! S, vs T!"#$ 6.5 6 )%*( + 1.22 !*#% 0 * ( R + 0.;
3.5 3 2.5
: S,
: 9! S, !- M8!s4'
E*#$-!-4, %: 9! S, !- M8!s4'(
2 1.5 1 0.5 0
0
50
100
150
T!"#$ %&'(
D& S*Q 7& T9.3
200
250
300
:S,/θ vs. T!"#$ 0.07 0.05 0.06
:S,/θ
0.03
:SAL/TIEMPO
0.02 0.01 0
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
T!"#$ %&'(
:S,/θ vs. T!"#$ 0.07
0.05 )%*( + <0.02 ,-%*( 0.1 R + 0.5 0.06
:S,/θ
0.03
:SAL/TIEMPO
L$'4&" %:SAL/TIEMPO(
0.02
0.01
0
0
50
100
150
T!"#$ %&'(
200
250
300
E& P.3 4. * M/. (. 9.43 .* 10 .* .3 9989*) 7& T9.3&
P!s$ 9! , "8!s4' %:( vs. T!"#$ 100.00
0.00
0.00
;0.00
70.00
P!s$ 9! , "8!s4' %:(
50.00
P!s$ 9! , "8!s4' %:(
60.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0
50
100
150
TI!"#$ %&'(
200
250
300
P!s$ 9! , "8!s4' %:( vs. T!"#$ 100.00 0.00 0.00
)%*( + <6.3 ,-%*( 2.12 R + 0.;3
;0.00 70.00 50.00%:( P!s$ 9!%:( , "8!s4' P!s$ 9! , "8!s4'
L$'4&" %P!s$ 9! , "8!s4' %:((
60.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 0
50
100
150
TI!"#$ %&'(
200
250
300
3.- DISCUSIÓN: L 4.>9489 4. * 8*/* . 38934 3/. * * 9?. 7 4. * .< 8.*/*, *.43 * 39.44. 83*394*. 4. * 3. : . 8<9 * .*89 ?/-3.& L 4939<9*944 4. ?/ 4.8. 3 .* 9?.3 4. 3*/3 83 .;.83 4.>94. 7 4. * .< 8.*/*, 389343 * 4./*9+89 4. * 3. : * 83889 4.* .943& U
3I.- CONCLUSIONES:
E* 38.499.3 /. >.3 .*.43 . *. 4.39 *+ . .83 : 839. . .+8* .843 83 * .8 (8*3/3 4983), 4. . /. * */. ./*. . .8/& L3 .843 *43, . / 8*944 4. 34/83 8<43, .4B / 8349893. 9 . / 88.98, 839.89 ;9. * 83, ?/3 *43 : 83*389 79<*., .? .* 343 : * ..89. .4 (9**3 8*3 3 3)& A :3 ../, :3 . * 7.*38944 4. ..89 4. * *& S9 .<?3, .* .;.83 /. 3738 / ../ .*.74 3 . /.4. .*. 83 .* ;9 4. /. * 7.*38944 4. ..89 4. * *, : /. .* 34/83 . *. 833 83.8/.89 9989 .* 4.3**3 983<93& A :3 ;.8/ 4. * 9.+, .3 ./*43 . 3<.4B 4.* 38.3 4. *+& U .843 . * 8349893., <9. 3 * 8349893. 4. 83.789 : 9.3 <343 3 <9. 3 * 4. *8.9.3, . . * /. .* 38.499.3 . 83*.. . 34 / ;.& A :3 ?33, :3 . .* 9.3 .8.93 * ..89 4. * * * 9.93 4. * 9.+& C33 ..*3, . <. /. / 9.+ 4. 2,5 8 4. ?33 .8.9 2 >3 3@94.. *8+ / 838.89 *9 4.* 10, : 9 / ?33 . 4. 5 8 .8.9 /3 ! 4& A /., . .843 <9.3 83 B. /9;3. (*33, 79..) * ..89 4. * * .4B . 9 88.98& A :3 83.943 ?3, B *. . * 49;/9 4. * *& E* 38.3 4. ..89 4. * * . .*..8. 347 B 8/43 * ? . 838. /3 3 4.<3 4. * 9.*, ;343 / <.& P/.+ /98 4. * * 3 *3 ;.8 * 7.*38944 4. ..89 4. * *, 93 /. <9 9;*/:. 3<. * 88.98 3?3*98 4.* 34/83& E * * . /.4. .83 / .9. 4. 9/.+, *?/ 4. .** 93. 3 *3 .;.83 /. ..8. 3<. *3 34/83 8/43& E. .** 4.8 C*3/3 4. 8*893 : 4. ?.93 S/*;3 4. 8*893 : ?.93& L ..89 4. * * . *.9+, 3 . /89 /: >9?3898, ..89*.. .* 8*3/3 4. ?.93&
3II.-BIBLIOGRAFA:
J9>P38.9?& J334C:8*.T.8>3*3?:S3/8. #33F N3& & T>.U9.4N93D.7.*3.J/4J33. (UNIJEM), I..49.T.8>3*3?:D.7.*3.G3/& R3., I*:& 1%$$& & %1& "9.+, H, J*3., & 1%$1& C/3 3<. C3.789 4. P34/83 M93& C.3 4. I7.9?893. . T.83*3? 4. A*9.3, I9/3 C.3.983 4. I7.9?89 . T.83*3? 94/9*& S "3, C3 R98& & 25& PRODAR& 1%%5& M/* 4. P38.3 A?394/9*.& P3:.83 4. C8989 .* J3.3 4. * A?394/9 R/*& I9/3 I..983 4. C33.89 * A?98/*/& S "3 C3 R98& D38/.3 9 /<*98& & 120&
3III.-LINOGRAFA:
J334 4 A?98/*/.O?9+93 (JAO)& P.843 S.83-S*43& D939<*. . >QQ===&;3&3?Q9>38>97.Q83.Q438/.Q7*9<:Q.620Q38.43Q PES2&HTM& A88.4943 .* 11 4. :3 4. 201&
