LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM METODE PEMISAHAN PERCOBAAN IV EKSTRAKSI PADAT PADAT CAIR
NAMA
:
RULIANI ANSAR ANSAR
NIM
:
F1C1 12 031
JURUSAN
:
KIMIA
KEL KELOMP OMPOK
:
III III (TIG (TIGA) A)
ASISTEN
:
DWI PRAYOGO WIBOWO
LABORATORIUM KIMIA FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM UNIVERSITAS HALUOLEO KENDARI 201
I. PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
S!"!# $!%& %'#* +',$!#! -!. $'/. .&!*! !!"!# '*$%/!*$ E*$%/!*$ ,'/&+!*! $!"!# $!%& ,'%' +',$!#! *,! -!. ,',$!#*! !%!& ,'!/* $&!%& *,+'*,+' *,! +!! $&!%& $!,+'" ! &,&,-! !+!% "!/&% !"!, !/ E*$%/!*$ %'/4!. !%!$ &! 5'$ -!%& '*$%/!*$ . !%!& ,!$'/!$ ! '*$%/!*$ +!!$ 6%#-! '.! '*$%/!*$ $7#"'% P'/4'!! !/ *'&! 5'$ '*$%/!*$ !!"!# %'/"'%!* +!! %'#*-!8 ,!! &%&* '*$%/!*$ . %!* ,'..&!*! +/$'$ +',!!$! +!! $!,+'" ,'"!*! '.! 6!/! ,'/'!, $!,+'" !"!, +'"!/&% S'!.*! '*$%/!*$ +!!$ "!*&*! '.! +',!!$! E*$%/!*$ P!!% C!/ !%!& L'!6#. !!"!# %/!$9'/ 9&$ *,+' %'/"!/&% !/ +!!%! '/% *' !"!, +'"!/&%-! P/$'$ ,'/&+!*! +/$'$ -!. 4'/$9!% 9$* *!/'! *,+' %'/"!/&% *',&! *',4!"*! "!. *' *'!!! $',&"! %!+! ,'.!"!, +'/&4!#! *,! E*$%/!*$ !/ 4!#! +!!%! !+!% "!*&*! 5*! 4!#! -!. .*! !+!% "!/&% !"!", $";' +'.'*$%/!*$ E*$%/!*$ 4'/*'"!5&%! +'/"&*! !+!4"! +!!%! #!-! $'*% "!/&% !"!, +'"!/&% N!,& $'/. 5&.! .&!*! +!! +!!%! -!. "!/&% *!/'! '9'*%;%!$-! B'/!$!/*! +'5'"!$! !%!$8 +'/64!! "!*&*! &%&* ,',4&*%*! %'/ !/ '*%/!*$ +!!% < 6!/ S!,+'" -!. .&!*! !!"!# *',/ ! !"!% -!. .&!*! !!"!# $7#"'%
1
2
B. Rumusan Masalah
R&,&$! ,!$!"!# !/ +'/64!! !!"!# 4!.!,!! 6!/! ,''%&*! *!!/ ,-!* !"!, $!,+'" *',/
B. Tujuan
T&5&! !/ +'/64!! !!"!# &%&* ,''%&*! *!!/ ,-!* !"!, $!,+'" *',/
II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
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
%!! 4"! 6!/! $9 %!* 4'/!/!8 %!* %!,+!* ! 5*! KLT !%!& $/*&"!$ %'"!# ,'6!+! 20 < 2 *!" E*$%/!* -!. +'/"'# *&,+&"*! ! +'*!%*! (S&5!8 1?>) F!*%/9!*%/ -!. 4'/+'.!/&# +!! +/$'$ leaching !!"!#: 5&,"!# *$%%&' (solute) ! $%/4&$-! !"!, +!!%!8 $9!% +!!%!8 ! &*&/! +!/%*'" M'*!$,' +/$'$ leaching ,&"! !/ +'/+!#! $";' !/ "!/&%! *' +'/,&*!! $" (!$/+$)8 *&% '.! 9&$ $";' *' !"!, $" ! +'"!/&%! $"&% "'# $";'8 *',&! 9&$ *!%! $"&%$";' *' +'/,&*!! $"8 ! '$/+$ 6!,+&/! $"&%$";' !/ +'/,&*!! $" *'!"!, 4!! +'"!/&% P!! &,&,-! +'/+!#! $";' *' +'/,&*!! %'/5! $!.!% 6'+!% ,!! 4'/"!.$&. +!! $!!% %'/5! *%!* !%!/! $" ! $";'%8 $'#..! *'6'+!%! 9&$ 6!,+&/! $"&%$";' *' +'/,&*!! $" ,'/&+!*! %!#!+! -!. ,'.%/" *'$'"&/&#! +/$'$ leaching. K'6'+!%! 9&$ %'/.!%&. +!! 4'4'/!+! 9!*%/ -!%& : %',+'/!%&/8 "&!$ +'/,&*!! +!/%*'"8 +'"!/&%8 +'/4!.! $"&% ! $";'8 *'6'+!%! ! "!,! +'.!&*! U%&* ,',$!#*! ,-!* !/ +'"!/&%-!8 "!*&*! (P/!,& **8 200>)
'.! 6!/!
$%"!$
3
P/$+ '*$%/!*$ +!!%6!/ !!"!# !!-! *',!,+&! $'-!! !"!, $&!%& ,!%/*$ -!. *,+"'*$ !/ $&!%& +!!%!8 -!. !+!% "!/&% "'# $&!%& +'"!/&% %'/%'%& B'4'/!+! #!" -!. #!/&$ +'/#!%*! &%&* %'/6!+!-! *$ +%,&, '*$%/!*$ !%!/! "!: $'-!! !+!% %'/"!/&% !"!, +'"!/&% '.! !*%& -!. $.*!%8 +'"!/&% #!/&$ $'"'*%9 ,'"!/&%*! $'-!! -!. *'#'!*8 $'-!! !!"% ,',"* *$'%/!$ -!. %.. &%&* ,',&!#*! '*$%/!*$8
$'/%! %'/$'! ,'%' ,',$!#*! *',4!" $'-!! !!"% !/ +'"!/&% +'.'*$%/!*$ (F!5/!% **8 2011) K',/ ( Aleurites moluccana W") !%!& 6!"' &% !!"!# $!"!# $!%& %!!,! &$%/ !/ 9!,"- Euphorbiaceae -!. %'/$'4!/ !'/!# %/+* ! $&4%/+* K',/ ,'/&+!*! 4!#! !$!/ 6!%8 +'/$8 %%!8 $!4&8 +'.!'% *!-&8 ,-!* /!,4&% ! 4!#! +',4!%*8 $'!. $ 45 $'4!.! 4&,4& B5 ,'.!&. 0 ,-!* -!. ,&!# ,'.&!+ ! !+!% +'/.&!*! &%&* 4'/4!.! *'+'/"&!8
$'!.*! 45 -!. .&.&/ $'4'"&, ,!$!* ,'.!&.
,-!* 2 ! '"'$%'!/ 3 (R$,! ! D5!&#!/-!8 2010)
III. METDL!I PRAKTIKUM
A. "aktu #an Tem$at
P'/64!! "!*$!!*! +!! #!/ S'"!$!8 %!..!" 13 M' 201 P&*&" 030 WITA ! 4'/%',+!% L!4/!%/&, K,! O/.!*8 F!*&"%!$ M!%',!%*! D! I",& P'.'%!#&! A"!,8 U;'/$%!$ H!"& O"'8 K'!/
B. Alat #an Bahan
1 A"!%
A"!% -!. .&!*! +!! +'/64!! -!%& $'+'/!.*!% !"!% '*$%/!*$ +!!% < 6!/ ($7#"'%)8 +'!.!$8 ,/%!" +!$%'"8 ';!+/!%/8 4!%& # $%!%+ ! *"',
2 B!#!
B!#! -!. .&!*! +!! +'/64!! -!%& +'%/"'&, 4'@'8 ;!$'"8 !"&,&, 9"8 *'/%!$ $!/. ! $!,+'" *',/
%. Pr&se#ur Kerja
S'+'/!.*!% !"!% S7#"'%
K',/
' D/!.*! $'',*!
' D#!"&$*! $'',*!
D,!$&**! 4!%& # !"!, "!4&
D,!$&**! +'"!/&% CHC" 3 !"!, "!4&
D*'/.*! #..! 0 ./
S!,+'" K',/
' D,!$&**! *'/%!$ $!/. *' !"!, S7#"'%
D,!$&**! $!,+'" *',/ !"!, S7#"'% L!4& -!. 4'/$ +'"!/&% CHC" 3 +!!$*! M'.#%&. *!!/ ,-!* !"!, $!,+'" *',/ K!!/ ,-!* !"!, $!,+'" *',/
I(. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Has)l Pengamatan 1.
A"!% E*$%/!*$ P!!% < C!/ (S7#"'%)
Gambar.1. Alat Ekstraksi Padat – Cair (Soxhlet)
>
?
2 P'/#%&.! B'/!% *',/ E*$%/!* ,-!* *',/ /'!,'
0 ./!, 1 ,L Berat minyak berat sampel
7 100
17
40
7 100
28
B. Pem*ahasan
E*$%/!*$ ,'/&+!*! $&!%& +/$'$ +',$!#! !/ 4!#! +!!%! ,!&+& 6!/ '.! 4!%&! +'"!/&% -!. $'$&! P'"!/&% -!. .&!*! #!/&$ !+!% ,'.'*$%/!*$ $&4$%!$ -!. .*! %!+! ,'"!/&%*! ,!%'/!" "!-! P'/64!! *!" ,'..&!*! '*$%/!*$ +!!% < 6!/ !%!& L'!6#. *!/'! $!,+'" -!. .&!*! 4'/&+! 4!#! +!!%!8 -!. ,!! $'$&! !,!-! '*$%/!*$ +!!% < 6!/8 4'/!/% $!,+'" -!. !*! !!"$$ !!"!# 4!#! !/ +!!%! A!+& $!,+'" +!!%! -!. ,!*$& !!"!# *',/ S'6!/! %'/8 $'4'"&, ,',&"! +/$'$ '*$%/!*$8 %'/"'4# !#&"& $'+'/!.*!% !"!% '*$%/!*$ +!!% < 6!/ !%!& S7#"'% /!.*! $'',*! /&+! P'/64!! '*$%/!*$ +!!% < 6!/ *!" ,'..&!*! '*$%/!*%/ S7#"'% P!! '*$%/!*$%/ S7#"'%8 +'"!/&% +'%/"'&, 4'@' +!!$*! !"!, "!4& !"!$ 4&"!% -!. %'"!# ,!$&**! 4!%& # T&5&! !/ +',!!$! $ '/ !!"!# &%&* ,'.#!$"*! &!+ +'"!/&% U!+ +'"!/&% %'/$'4&% *',&! ,!$&* ,'"!"& *'$/ ,'"!"& ++! *'6" !%!& 6!4!. !/ S7#"'% ! *'"&!/ !"!, 9!$! 6!/ S'"!5&%-!8 +'"!/&% !*! ,!$&* *' !"!, $'".$. ++! $9 -!. 4'/$ $!,+'" +!!%! 4'/&+! *',/ -!. %'"!# #!"&$*! ! *'/.*! %'/"'4#
10
!#&"& K',&! +'"!/&% %'/$'4&% !*! ,',4!$!# $!,+'" ! !*! %'/%!#! !"!, $'".$. $!,+! %.. +'"!/&% !"!, ++! $9 $!,! '.! %.. +'"!/&% !"!, $'".$. %'/$'4&% K',&!8 +'"!/&% $'"&/&#-! !*! 4'/.'/!* ,!$&* *',4!" *' !"!, "!4& # ! 4'.%& $'%'/&$-!8 %'/5! $/*&"!$ 4'4'/!+! *!" #..! *!!/ ,-!* !"!, $!,+'" *',/ +'/"'# P/$'$ $/*&"!$ '*$%/!*$ +!! +'/64!! "!*&*!
$'4!-!* &! *!"
'*$%/!*$ S'%'"!# '*$%/!*$ %'"!# $'"'$! "!*&*!8 "!5&%*! '.! +/$'$ +'.&!+! ,!! +/$'$ ,!*$&*! &%&* ,',$!#*! ,-!* -!. +'/"'# !/ +'"!/&% P/$'$ +'.&!+! "!*&*! '.! ,''.';!+/!$ +'"!/&% -!. %'"!# 4'/6!,+&/ '.! ,-!* $'#..! +'"!/&% !*! %'/+$!# !/ ,-!* U%&* +/$'$ +'.&!+! +'"!/&%8 !"!% -!. ..&!*! !"!% ';!+/!%/ &%&* ,'.&!+*! +'"!/&% !/ '*$%/!* S'%'"!# "!*&*! +/$'$ +'.&!+!8 "!.$&. ,'.#%&. 4'/!+! 4!-!* ,-!* -!. !+!%*! !/ +/$'$ '*$%/!*$ D!/ #!$" +',4!.! '*$%/!* ,-!* *',/ -!. +'/"'# $'4!-!* 1 ,L ! '9$'$ *!!/ ,-!* *',/ -!. +'/"'# !/ 0 ./!, $!,+'" (*',/) $'4!-!* 28
(. PENUTUP
1 K'$,+&"! B'/!$!/*! !/ #!$" +'.!,!%! ! +',4!#!$!8 ,!*! !+!% $,+&"*! 4!#! *!!/ ,-!* -!. +'/"'# !/ 0 ./!, *',/ -!%& $'4'$!/ 28 '.! ,'..&!*! !"!% $7#"'% 2 S!/! S!/! -!. !+!% !5&*! !/ +/!*%*! -!%& $'4!*-! +'/!"!%! "!4/!%/&, "'.*!+ "!. !.!/ +!! $!!% %!* +/!*%*&, 4'/"!.$&.8 %!* 4'/'4&% '.! +/!*%*! "!
11
DA+TAR PUSTAKA
F!5/!%8 I8 R@*-!#8 M8 M&@!**-8 2011 S%& E*$%/!*$ P!!% C!/ M'..&!*! P'"!/&% HF ! HNO 3 +!! P''%&! ".!, C/ !"!, S!,+'" S&.! S'*%!/ C!" PLTN M&/! urnal !"#$ %ASA&8 (&l. ,- N&. , 8 1 : 22 L&6!$8 1?? Principles And Practice !n 'rganic Chemistr N' Y/* : J# W""'- A S$8 I6 M!58 NT8 N&/*#"$8 200> P',4&!%! T'# R'!# K!9' ,'"!"& P/$'$ E*$%/!*$ '.! P'"!/&% E%" A$'%!%8 2 : > P/!,& B8 W*8 SA8 R&$%!-!!8 W8 200> E*$%/!*$ K%-& '.! S,&"!$ B!%6# T.! T!#!+ A"/! L!! A/!# : P'.!,4"! M-!* B5 A"+&*!% M'..&!*! P'"!/&% H'7!' ! I$ P/+" A"*#" &eaktor 8 (&l. ,- N&. ,8 3> : 1 R$,!8 R8 D5!&#!/-!8 E8 2010 S%!%&$ T'*". B&!-! K',/8 10 :12 S&5!8 D/$ 1?> #etode Pemisahan UGM P/'$$ : Y.-!*!/%!
