Dxcjdb ad fc grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf, ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds y ad fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds YD@DYDBEMCU FDKMUFCQMPCU Egbstmtuemõb Dspcógfc, ad 9; ad amemdjird ad 3=;>, euyc øftmjc jgam`mecemõb sd nc prgauemag pgr Yd`grjc adf crtêeufg 354, ad 9; ad sdptmdjird ad 9?33
QDJC
;
Fdy Grkãbmec 1/3=>;, ad 34 ad hufmg, ad egjpdtdbemc y grkcbmzcemõb ad fc hurmsameemõb jmfmtcr euyc øftmjc jgam`mecemõb sd nc prgauemag pgr Fdy Grkãbmec 31/9?34, ad 31 ad getuird, adf Eõamkg _dbcf Jmfmtcr Fdy 5>/3=>>, ad 9> ad amemdjird, ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf, euyc øftmjc jgam`mecemõb sd nc prgauemag pgr Fdy 9?/9?33, ad 93 ad hufmg, adf Ydkmstrg Emvmf Fdy Grkãbmec 0/3=>4, ad 3 ad hufmg, adf _gadr Huamemcf, euyc øftmjc jgam `mece mõb sd nc prgaue `mecemõb prgauemag mag pgr Fdy Grkãbm Grkãbmec ec 35/9? 35/9?34, 34, ad 4 ad getuir getuird, d, ad jgam`mecemõb ad fc Fdy ad Dbhumemcjmdbtg Ermjmbcf pcrc df `grtcfdemjmdbtg ad fcs kcrcbtêcs prgedscfds y fc rdkufcemõb ad fcs jdamacs ad mbvdstmkcemõb tdebgfõkmec Fdy 50/9?33, ad 3? ad getuird, rdkufcagrc ad fc hurmsameemõb sgemcf, euyc øftmjc jgam`mecemõb sd nc prgauemag pgr Fdy 5=/9?34, ad 3 ad getuird, adf _rgedamjmdbtg Cajmbmstrctmvg Egjøb ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds _øifmecs Fdy 9=/3==>, ad 35 ad hufmg, rdkufcagrc ad fc Hurmsameemõb egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvc, euycs øftmjcs jgam`mecemgjds sd ncb prgauemag pgr Fdy Grkãbmec ;/9?34, ad 93 ad hufmg, pgr fc qud sd jgam`mec fc Fdy Grkãbmec 0/3=>4, ad 3 ad hufmg, adf _gadr Huamemcf, y pgr Udbtdbemc QE (_fdbg) ;=/9?3;, ad 99 ad hubmg
GIHDQMPGU Egbgedr db prg`ubamaca fc grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf, ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc y ad fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
3.
D^CJDB AD FC GYKCBMXCEMÕB ] EGJ_DQDBEMC ADF QYMITBCF UT_YDJG, AD FC CTAMDBEMC BCEMGBCF, AD FGU QYMITBCFDU UT_DYMGYDU ] AD FCU CTAMDBEMCU _YGPMBEMCFDU
3.3 Mbtrgaueemõb Df crt. 33;.5 ad fc Egbstmtuemõb adtdrjmbc qud df dhdrememg ad fc pgtdstca hurmsameemgbcf, huzkcbag y ncemdbag dhdeutcr fg huzkcag, egrrdspgbad c fgs Huzkcags y Qrmiubcfds amspudstgs pgr fc fdy, prgbubemãbagsd db maíbtmeg sdbtmag df crt. 9 ad fc FG_H. Ud nced bdedscrmg, pgr tcbtg, adtdrjmbcr euãfds sdcb dstgs Huzkcags y Qrmiubcfds, õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds qud vcb c dhdredr tcf pgtdstca hurmsameemgbcf. Ud dbeudbtrcb rdfcemgbcags tcfds õrkcbgs db fc Fdy Grkãbmec 0/3=>4, adf _gadr Huamemcf. Uus egjpdtdbemcs sd rdegkdb tcbtg db fc FG_H egjg db fcs fdyds prgedscfds qud rdkufcb df prgedamjmdbtg y df rdpcrtg ad egjpdtdbemcs adbtrg ad ecac gradb hurmsameemgbcf. Fc Fdy Grkãbmec adf _gadr Huamemcf adtdrjmbc qud df Dstcag sd grkcbmzc tdrrmtgrmcfjdbtd, c d`detgs huamemcfds, db Jubmempmgs, _crtmags, _rgvmbemcs y Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs. Df Jubmempmg sd egrrdspgbad egb fc adjcrecemõb cajmbmstrctmvc adf jmsjg bgjird. Df _crtmag Huamemcf ds fc ubmaca tdrrmtgrmcf mbtdkrcac pgr ubg g jãs jubmempmgs fmjêtrg`ds, pdrtdbdemdbtds c ubc jmsjc prgvmbemc, puamdbag egmbemamr egb fc adjcrecemõb prgvmbemcf. Fc _rgvmbemc sd chustcrã c fgs fêjmtds tdrrmtgrmcfds ad fc adjcrecemõb cajmbmstrctmvc adf jmsjg bgjird. Fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc sdrã df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc. Df crt. 90 ad fc FG_H adtdrjmbc qud df dhdrememg ad fc pgtdstca hurmsameemgbcf sd ctrmiuyd c fgs smkumdbtds Huzkcags y Qrmiubcfds8 - Huzkcags ad _cz - Huzkcags ad _rmjdrc Mbstcbemc d Mbstrueemõb, ad fg Jdrecbtmf, ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr, ad fg _dbcf, ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg, ad fg Ugemcf, ad Jdbgrds y ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc - Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds - Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc - Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf - Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg Ud adtdrjmbc csmjmsjg qud db fcs Ucfcs ad fgs Qrmiubcfds db qud dxmstcb ags g jãs Udeemgbds, sd adsmkbcrãb pgr bujdrcemõb grambcf< smb djicrkg, db fcs pgifcemgbds db qud dxmstcb ags g jãs Huzkcags adf jmsjg gradb hurmsameemgbcf y ad fc jmsjc efcsd, sd adsmkbcrãb pgr bujdrcemõb ecrambcf. Db ecac Ucfc g Udeemõb ad fgs Qrmiubcfds ncirã ubc g jãs Uderdtcrêcs y ubc sgfc db ecac Huzkcag. Cadjãs, fc prgpmc FG_H rdegkd fc dxmstdbemc ad Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf, ad Mbstrueemõb y ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg, ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc y ad Jdbgrds.
3.9 Df Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg C. Egbedptg Egb sdad db fc vmffc ad Jcarma, ds df õrkcbg hurmsameemgbcf supdrmgr db tgags fgs õradbds, scfvg fg amspudstg db jctdrmc ad kcrcbtêcs egbstmtuemgbcfds (qud sdrã egjpdtdbemc adf Qrmiubcf Egbstmtuemgbcf). 519
damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
Qmdbd hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc y bmbkøb gtrg Qrmiubcf pgarã tdbdr df têtufg ad Uuprdjg. Df crtêeufg 3 ad fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf dstc ifded ifd ed qud df Qrmi Qrmiubc ubcff Uupr Uuprdjg, djg, fc Cuam Cuamdbe dbemc mc Bcem Bcemgbcf gbcf,, fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Mbstrueemõb, fgs Huzkcags Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf, fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg, fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc y df Huzk Hu zkca cagg Ed Edbt btrc rcff ad Jd Jdbg bgrd rdss tm tmdb dbdb db hu hurm rmsa same meem emõb õb db tg tgac ac Dspcóc.
I. Ydkufcemõb - Db fc Egbstmtuemõb8 crt. 395. -
Db fc Fdy Grkãbmec adf _gadr Huamemcf8 Ecpêtufg Ecpêtufg M adf Qêtufg
MP adf Fmirg M (crts. 45 c 03). - Db fc Fdy 5>/3=>>, 5>/3=>>, ad 9> ad amemdjird, ad ad Adjcrecemõb Adjcrecemõb y ad _fcbtc Huamemcf.
E. Egjpgsmemõb
Mjpgrtcbtd Df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg tcjimíb fg ds adf Egbsdhg adf _gadr Huamemcf. Uu bgjircjmdbtg fg ffdvc c ecig df Ydy pgr ub jcbactg ad embeg cógs, c prgpudstc adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf.
Df Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg sd egjpgbarã ad su _rdsmadbtd, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y fgs Jckmstrcags qud adtdrjmbd fc fdy pcrc ecac ubc ad fcs Ucfcs y, db su ecsg, Udeemgbds db qud fcs jmsjcs pudacb crtmeufcrsd. c. _rdsmadbtd
Df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf ds fc prmjdrc cutgrmaca huamemcf ad fc Bcemõb y gstdbtc fc rdprdsdbtcemõb adf _gadr Huamemcf y adf õrkcbg ad kgimdrbg adf jmsjg, egrrdspgbamíbagfd df trctcjmdbtg y fgs ngbgrds mbndrdbtds c tcf egbamemõb. _crc sdr dfdkmag _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, sdrã bdedscrmg sdr jmdjirg ad fc ecrrdrc huamemcf egb fc ectdkgrêc ad Jckmstrcag adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y rdubmr fcs egbamemgbds dxmkmacs pcrc sdr _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc adf jmsjg, g imdb sdr ub hurmstc ad rdegbgemac egjpdtdbemc egb jãs ad vdmbtmembeg cógs ad cbtmködaca db df dhdrememg ad su prg`dsmõb. i. _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc
Ud bgjircrãb pgr ub pdrêgag ad 4 cógs, c prgpudstc adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, dbtrd Jckmstrcags ad ameng Qrmiubcf qud eudbtdb egb 5 cógs ad sdrvmemgs db fc ectdkgrêc. Fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc nc `mhcag su bøjdrg db embeg, db egrrdspgbadbemc egb fcs Ucfcs8 Ucfc ad fg Emvmf, Ucfc ad fg _dbcf, Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg, Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg, Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf y Ucfc ad fg Jmfmtcr.
damtgrmcf } edp
Qgjd bgtc Qmdbdb hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc8 - Df Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg - Fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf - Fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Mbstrueemõb - Fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf - Fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg - Fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc - Df Huzkcag Edbtrcf ad Jdbgrds
515
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
Df Jckmstrcag adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg egjpdtdbtd pcrc egbgedr ad fc cutgrmzcemõb ad fcs cetmvmacads adf Edbtrg Bcemgbcf ad Mbtdfmkdbemc qud c`detdb c fgs adrdengs `ubacjdbtcfds rdegbgemags db df crtêeufg 3>.9 y 5 ad fc Egbstmtuemõb sd bgjircrã pgr ub pdrêgag ad embeg cógs, c prgpudstc adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, dbtrd Jckmstrcags ad ameng Qrmiubcf qud eudbtdb egb trds cógs ad sdrvmemgs db fc ectdkgrêc e. Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg
_garãb sdr bgjircags Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg fgs Cigkcags y Hurmstcs ad prdstmkmg qud, eujpfmdbag fgs rdqumsmtgs dstcifdemags pcrc dffg, rdøbcb jírmtgs su`memdbtds c humemg adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf y ncycb adsdjpdócag su cetmvmaca prg`dsmgbcf pgr tmdjpg supdrmgr c 34 cógs prd`drdbtdjdbtd db fc rcjc adf Adrdeng egrrdspgbamdbtd cf gradb hurmsameemgbcf ad fc Ucfc pcrc fc qud nuimdrcb ad sdr adsmkbcags. Db fcs amstmbtcs Ucfcs adf Qrmiubcf, ad ecac embeg pfczcs ad sus Jckmstrcags, euctrg sd prgvddrãb dbtrd jmdjirgs ad fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf egb amdz cógs, cf jdbgs, ad sdrvmemgs db fc ectdkgrêc ad Jckmstrcag y bg jdbgs ad qumbed db fc Ecrrdrc, y fc qumbtc dbtrd Cigkcags y gtrgs hurmstcs, tgags dffgs ad rdegbgemac egjpdtdbemc. a. Jmbmstdrmg @msecf
Ydprdsdbtcag db df Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg pgr df @msecf Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag, ub Qdbmdbtd @msecf y vcrmgs @msecfds ad Ucfc y @msecfds adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg.
D. Uderdtcrmg y Pmedsderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg Ud dbeudbtrcb tcjimíb casermtgs cf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg ub Uderdtcrmg y ub Pmedsderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg, csê egjg vcrmgs Uderdtcrmgs ad Ucfc cuxmfmcags pgr fgs egrrdspgbamdbtds jmdjirgs ad fgs Eudrpgs ad Kdstmõb, Qrcjmtcemõb y Cuxmfmg Huamemcf.
EGJ_GUMEMÕB ADF QYMITBCF UT_YDJG _rdsmadbtd - Fg ds tcjimíb adf Egbsdhg Egbsdhg adf adf _gadr _gadr Huamemcf emcf - Bgjircjmdbtg pgr embeg cógs - Bgjircag dbtrd Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, dbtrd jmdjirgs ad fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf g hurmstcs ad rdegbgemac egjpdtdbemc egb jãs ad 34 cógs ad dhdrememg prg`dsmgbcf _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc - Bgjircags pgr embeg cógs - Ud bgjircb dbtrd Jckmstrcags ad ameng Qrmiubcf qud eudbtdb egb 5 cógs ad sdrvmemgs db fc ectdkgrêc Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg - Bgjircag Bgjircagss dbtrd Cigkcag Cigkcagss y Hurmstcs Hurmstcs ad rdegbgemag prdstmkmg y qud ncycb adsdjpdócag su cetmvmaca prg`dsmgbcf pgr tmdjpg supdrmgr c 34 cógs Jmbmstdrmg @msecf - Ydprdsdbtca Ydprdsdbtcag g pgr df @msecf Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag, Dstcag, ub Qdbmdbtd @msecf y vcrmgs @msecfds ad Ucfc y @msecfds adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg Uderdtcrmg y Pmedsderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg
511
damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
A. Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemcs c. Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg
Dstã egjpudstc pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad fcs Ucfcs y embeg Jckmstrcags, dfdkmags jdamcbtd vgtg pdrsgbcf, fmird, mkucf, amrdetg y sderdtg, db dfdeemgbds egbvgecacs pgr df Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf (crt. 343 FG_H). • Egjpdtdbemcs
Fcs Ucfcs ad Kgimdrbg tcjimíb fcs egbstmtumacs db ríkmjdb ad Egjmsmõb, adsdjpdócrãb fc `ubemõb ad kgimdrbg ad sus rdspdetmvgs Qrmiubcfds, y db pcrtmeufcr fds egjpdtd8 3.¸ Cprgicr fcs bgrjcs ad rdpcrtg ad csubtgs dbtrd fcs amstmbtcs Udeemgbds ad ecac Ucfc. 9.¸ Dstcifdedr cbucfjdbtd egb ermtdrmgs gihdtmvgs fgs turbgs prdemsgs pcrc fc egjpgsmemõb y `ubemgbcjmdbtg ad fcs Ucfcs y Udeemgbds adf Qrmiubcf y `mhcr ad jgag vmbeufcbtd fcs bgrjcs ad csmkbcemõb ad fcs _gbdbemcs qud adicb turbcr fgs Jckmstrcags. 5.¸ Cagptcr, egb rdspdtg c fc mbcjgvmfmaca huamemcf, fcs jdamacs bdedscrmcs db fgs ecsgs ad amsmadbemc dbtrd Jckmstrcags qud pudacb mb`fumr db df iudb gradb ad fgs Qrmiubcfds g db fc cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc. 1.¸ Egjpfdtcr prgvmsmgbcfjdbtd fc egjpgsmemõb ad fcs Ucfcs db fgs ecsgs db qud, pgr emreubstcbemcs sgirdvdbmacs, `udrc bdedscrmg pcrc df `ubemgbcjmdbtg adf sdrvmemg, smdjprd smb pdrhumemg ad rdspdtcr df adstmbg dspdeê`meg ad fgs Jckmstrcags ad ecac Ucfc. Csmjmsjg, tgjcr egbgemjmdbtg, cprgicr prgvmsmgbcfjdbtd y rdjmtmr cf Egbsdhg Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf pcrc su cprgicemõb ad`mbmtmvc, db fgs tírjmbgs y, db su ecsg, egb fcs egrrdeemgbds qud prgedprgedacb, fc rdfcemõb ad hudeds y jckmstrcags prgpudstgs ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db fgs trds prmjdrgs cpcrtcags adf crtêeufg 9?? ad fc FG_H, csê egjg vdfcr pgr su eujpfmjmdbtg. 4.¸ _rgpgbdr jgtmvcacjdbtd cf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf c fgs Jckmstrcags supfdbtds dxprdscbag fcs emreubstcbemcs pdrsgbcfds y prg`dsmgbcfds qud db dffgs egbeurrcb, su magbdmaca pcrc df dhdrememg adf ecrkg y pcrc su cetucemõb db ubg g vcrmgs õradbds hurmsameemgbcfds, fcs kcrcbtêcs ad ub adsdjpdóg d`mecz ad fc `ubemõb y fc cptmtua adjgstrcac pgr qumdbds yc nuimdrcb cetucag db df dhdrememg ad `ubemgbds huamemcfds g ad sustmtuemõb db fc Ecrrdrc @msecf, egb rczgbcac dxpgsmemõb adf gradb ad prd`drdbemc prgpudstg y ad fcs dxefusmgbds ad sgfmemtcbtds. Fcs prgpudstcs ad casermpemõb ad Jckmstrcags supfdbtds egjg jdamac ad rd`udrzg dstcrãb suhdtcs c maíbtmegs rdqumsmtgs ad jgtmvcemõb ad fgs bgjirds y adf gradb ad prd`drdbemc prgpudstgs y ad fcs dxefusmgbds ad sgfmemtcbtds. 0.¸ Dhdredr fcs `ceuftcads amsempfmbcrmcs sgird Jckmstrcags db fgs tírjmbgs dstcifdemags db fc FG_H. ;.¸ _rgpgbdr cf _rdsmadbtd fc rdcfmzcemõb ad fcs vmsmtcs ad mbspdeemõb d mb`grjcemõb qud egbsmadrd prgedadbtds. >.¸ _rgjgvdr fgs dxpdamdbtds ad huimfcemõb pgr ecusc ad mbecpcemaca ad fgs Jckmstrcags, d mb`grjcrfgs. =.¸ Dfcigrcr fgs mb`grjds qud fd sgfmemtd df Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf y fc Jdjgrmc cbucf dxpgsmtmvc sgird df `ubemgbcjmdbtg adf Qrmiubcf, egb dxprdsmõb adtcffcac adf bøjdrg y efcsd ad csubtgs mbmemcags y tdrjmbcags pgr ecac Ucfc, csê egjg ad fgs qud sd ncffcrdb pdbamdbtds, prdemscbag df cóg ad su mbmemcemõb, tgag dffg rd`drmag cf 53 ad amemdjird. Fc Jdjgrmc adidrã egbtdbdr, db tgag ecsg, fc mbamecemõb ad fcs jdamacs qud sd egbsmadrdb bdedscrmcs pcrc fc egrrdeemõb ad fcs ad`memdbemcs cavdrtmacs. 3?.¸ _rgpgbdr cf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf fc cagpemõb ad fcs jdamacs qud huzkud pdrtmbdbtds pcrc jdhgrcr fc cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc db eucbtg c fgs rdspdetmvgs õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds.
damtgrmcf } edp
514
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
33.¸ Ydemimr df hurcjdbtg g prgjdsc fdkcfjdbtd prdvdbmags ad fgs Jckmstrcags qud mbtdkrcb fgs rdspdetmvgs Qrmiubcfds y acrfds pgsdsmõb. 39.¸ Ydemimr mb`grjds adf Uderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg, pgr mbmemctmvc ad ístd g ad fc prgpmc Ucfc, db tgags cqudffgs csubtgs qud, pgr c`detcr c fcs g`membcs huamemcfds g Fdtrcags ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc qud ad íf adpdbacb, dxmhcb ad cfkøb tmpg ad cetucemõb. Db dstd ecsg, df Uderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg tdbarã vgtg db df ceudrag qud pudac ffdkcr c cagptcrsd. 35.¸ _rgjgvdr cbtd df õrkcbg egjpdtdbtd fc dxmkdbemc ad fcs rdspgbscimfmacads amsempfmbcrmcs qud prgedacb ad Fdtrcags ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc, adf pdrsgbcf cf sdrvmemg ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc g ad eucfqumdr gtrg qud, smb gstdbtcr dstc egbamemõb, prdstd sus sdrvmemgs ad `grjc pdrjcbdbtd u gecsmgbcf db ístc. 31.¸ Db kdbdrcf, eujpfmr fcs adjãs `ubemgbds qud fcs fdyds ctrmiuycb c fgs õrkcbgs ad kgimdrbg mbtdrbg ad fgs trmiubcfds y qud bg dstíb ctrmiumacs dxprdscjdbtd c fgs _rdsmadbtds • @ubemgbcjmdbtg ad fcs Ucfcs ad kgimdrbg
Fcs Ucfcs ad Kgimdrbg sd rdubmrãb, cf jdbgs, ags vdeds pgr jds, c bg sdr qud bg nuimdrd csubtgs pdbamdbtds, y eucbtcs vdeds, cadjãs, tdbkcb qud trctcr ad csubtgs urkdbtds ad mbtdrís pcrc fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc, eucbag fg egbsmadrd bdedscrmg df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc, eucbag fg sgfmemtd fc tdredrc pcrtd ad sus jmdjirgs jdamcbtd prgpudstc rczgbcac y egb dxprdsmõb ad fg qud adic sdr gihdtg ad adfmidrcemõb y ademsmõb, g eucbag fg sgfmemtd df Uderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg c `mb ad trctcr eudstmgbds qud c`detdb c g`membcs huamemcfds g Fdtrcags ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc qud ad íf adpdbacb. Fc egbvgectgrmc sd ncrã pgr df _rdsmadbtd, egb dxprdsmõb ad fgs csubtgs c trctcr. Fcs Ucfcs ad Kgimdrbg ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc, egbstmtumacs db Egjmsmõb, sd rdubmrãb sdjcbcfjdbtd. Fc Egjmsmõb trmjdstrcfjdbtd, pgbarã db egbgemjmdbtg adf _fdbg, prdvmcjdbtd egbvgecag, tgags cqudffgs csubtgs qud ncb smag trctcags y rdsudftgs. _garã rdubmrsd, csmjmsjg, df _fdbg eucbag, c humemg adf _rdsmadbtd g ad fc Egjmsmõb, fc trcsedbadbemc, mjpgrtcbemc g mbtdrís pcrc fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc ad fgs csubtgs c trctcr csê fg cegbsdhdb, eucbag fg sgfmemtd fc jcygrêc ad sus jmdjirgs jdamcbtd prgpudstc rczgbcac y egb dxprdsmõb ad fg qud adid sdr gihdtg ad adfmidrcemõb y ademsmõb g eucbag fg sgfmemtd df Uderdtcrmg ad Kgimdrbg c `mb ad trctcr eudstmgbds qud c`detdb c g`membcs huamemcfds g c Fdtrcags ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc qud ad íf adpdbacb. Fc egbvgectgrmc adf _fdbg g ad fc Egjmsmõb sd ncrã pgr df _rdsmadbtd, egb dxprdsmõb ad fgs csubtgs c trctcr. Fc Ucfc pgarã egbstmtumrsd pgr df _rdsmadbtd y ags jmdjirgs pcrc fcs cetucemgbds bg ademsgrmcs ad ecrãetdr `grjcf, tcfds egjg fc rdedpemõb ad hurcjdbtg g prgjdsc g fc tgjc ad pgsdsmõb ad hudeds y jckmstrcags u gtrcs ad ecrãetdr cbãfgkg. Db fgs adjãs ecsgs, pcrc su vãfmac egbstmtuemõb, sd rdqudrmrã fc prdsdbemc, cf jdbgs, ad fc jcygrêc ad sus jmdjirgs, qud adidrãb sdr emtcags pdrsgbcfjdbtd egb 91 ngrcs ad cbtmempcemõb egjg jêbmjg. i. Ucfcs ad Hustmemc
UCFCU AD HTUQMEMC 3ª Ad fg Emvmf 9ª Ad fg _dbcf 5ª Ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg 1ª Ad fg Ugemcf 4ª Ad fg Jmfmtcr
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damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M) • Fc Ucfc Ucfc _rmjdrc, ad fg Emvmf
Egb`grjd cf crt. 40 FG_H, egbgedrã8 3¸. Ad fgs rdeursgs ad ecscemõb, rdvmsmõb y gtrgs dxtrcgrambcrmgs db jctdrmc emvmf qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy. 9¸. Ad fcs adjcbacs ad rdspgbscimfmaca emvmf pgr ndengs rdcfmzcags db df dhdrememg ad su ecrkg, amrmkmacs egbtrc df _rdsmadbtd adf Kgimdrbg, _rdsmadbtds adf Egbkrdsg y adf Udbcag, _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Egbstmtuemgbcf, jmdjirgs adf Kgimdrbg, Amputcags y Udbcagrds, Pgecfds adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Egbstmtuemgbcf y adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, _rdsmadbtds ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf y ad eucfqumdrc ad sus Ucfcs y ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc, @msecf Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag, @msecfds ad Ucfc adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, _rdsmadbtd y Egbsdhdrgs adf Qrmiubcf ad Eudbtcs, _rdsmadbtd y Egbsdhdrgs adf Egbsdhg ad Dstcag, Ad`dbsgr adf _udifg y _rdsmadbtd y Egbsdhdrgs ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc, eucbag csê fg adtdrjmbd su Dstctutg ad Cutgbgjêc. 5¸. Ad fcs adjcbacs ad rdspgbscimfmaca emvmf amrmkmacs egbtrc Jckmstrcags ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf g ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc pgr ndengs rdcfmzcags db df dhdrememg ad sus ecrkgs. Ud ncffc egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmadbtd y = Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. • Fc Ucfc Ucfc Udkubac, ad fg _dbcf
Egbgedrã8 3.¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs ad ecscemõb, rdvmsmõb y gtrgs dxtrcgrambcrmgs db jctdrmc pdbcf qud dstcifdzec fc fdy. 9.¸ Ad fc mbstrueemõb y dbhumemcjmdbtg ad fcs ecuscs egbtrc df _rdsmadbtd adf Kgimdrbg, _rdsmadbtds adf Egbkrdsg y adf Udbcag, _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Egbstmtuemgbcf, jmdjirgs adf Kgimdrbg, Amputcags y Udbcagrds, Pgecfds adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Egbstmtuemgbcf y adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, _rdsmadbtds ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf y ad eucfqumdrc ad sus Ucfcs y ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc, @msecf Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag, @msecfds ad Ucfc adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, _rdsmadbtd y Egbsdhdrgs adf Qrmiubcf ad Eudbtcs, _rdsmadbtd y Egbsdhdrgs adf Egbsdhg ad Dstcag y Ad`dbsgr adf _udifg, csê egjg ad fcs ecuscs qud db su ecsg, adtdrjmbdb fgs Dstctutgs ad Cutgbgjêc. 5.¸ Ad fc mbstrueemõb y dbhumemcjmdbtg ad fcs ecuscs egbtrc Jckmstrcags ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf g ad ub Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc. 1.¸ Ad fgs adjãs csubtgs qud fd ctrmiuyc fc FG_H 4.¸ Ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs ad adegjmsg cutõbgjg pgr fgs adfmtgs pcrc euyg egbgemjmdbtg sdcb egjpdtdbtds. Db fcs ecuscs c qud sd rd`mdrdb fgs bøjdrgs sdkubag y tdredrg adf pãrrc`g cbtdrmgr sd adsmkbcrã sd adsmkbcrã ad dbtrd fgs jmdjirgs ad fc Ucfc, egb`grjd c ub turbg prddstcifdemag, ub mbstruetgr qud bg `grjcrã pcrtd ad fc jmsjc pcrc dbhumemcrfcs. Ud ncffc egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc y 31 Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. • Fc Ucfc Qdredrc, ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg
Fc Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg egbgedrã8 3¸ Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvgs egbtrc cetgs y amspgsmemgbds amspgsmemgbds adf Egbsdhg ad Jmbmstrgs, ad fcs Egjmsmgbds Adfdkcacs adf Kgimdrbg y adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf y egbtrc cetgs y amspgsmemgbds ad fgs õrkcbgs õrkcbgs egjpdtdbtds adf Egbkrdsg ad fgs Amputcags y adf Udbcag, adf Qrmiubcf Egbstmtuemgbcf, adf Qrmiubcf ad Eudbtcs y adf Ad`dbsgr adf _udifg db fgs
damtgrmcf } edp
51;
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
tírjmbgs y jctdrmcs qud fc Fdy dstcifdzec y ad cqudffgs gtrgs rdeursgs qud dxedpemgbcfjdbtd fd ctrm iuyc fc Fdy. 9¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs ad ecscemõb y rdvmsmõb db fgs fgs tírjmbgs qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy. Ds prdemsg sdócfcr qud tcjimíb fd egrrdspgbad fc egjpdtdbemc pcrc egbgedr ad fgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-dfdetgrcfds qud sd rd`mdrcb c fcs dfdeemgbds kdbdrcfds g cf _crfcjdbtg Durgpdg, tcf egjg sd prdvmdbd db df crt. 339 ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec 4/3=>4, ad 3= ad hubmg, adf Yíkmjdb Dfdetgrcf Kdbdrcf, rdacetcag sdkøb Fdy Grkãbmec >/3==3, ad 35 ad jcrzg. Ud ncffc egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc y 59 Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. • Fc Ucfc Ucfc Eucrtc, ad fg Ugemcf
Fc Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg egbgedrã ad fgs rdeursgs ad ecscemõb y rdvmsmõb y gtrgs dxtrcgrambcrmgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy db jctdrmcs prgpmcs ad dstd gradb hurmsameemgbcf. Udkøb df crt. = ad fc Fdy 50/9?33, ad 3? ad getuird, rdkufcagrc ad fc hurmsameemõb sgemcf, fc Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg egbgedrã8 c) Db øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs prgedsgs ad mjpukbcemõb mjpukbcemõb ad cetgs ad Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs ctrmiumctrmiumags cf gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf eucbag ncycb smag ametcags pgr df Egbsdhg ad Jmbmstrgs. i) Ad fgs rdeursgs ad ecscemõb dstcifdemags db fc Fdy. e) Ad fc rdvmsmõb ad sdbtdbemcs `mrjds ametcacs ametcacs pgr fgs õrkcbgs õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds adf gradb gradb sgemcf y ad fc rdvmsmõb ad fcuags crimtrcfds `mrjds sgird jctdrmcs gihdtg ad egbgemjmdbtg adf gradb sgemcf. a) Ad fcs adjcbacs ad drrgr huamemcf eucbag df õrkcbg cf qud sd mjputd df drrgr pdrtdbdzec cf gradb hurmsameemgbcf hurmsamee mgbcf sgemcf, scfvg eucbag ístd sd ctrmiuy ctrmiuydsd dsd c fc prgpmc Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg g c cfkubc ad sus sdeemgbds db qud fc egjpdtdbemc egrrdspgbadrã c fc Ucfc qud sd dstcifded db df crtêeufg 03 ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec 0/3=>4, ad 3 ad hufmg, adf _gadr Huamemcf (Ucfc Dspdemcf). d) Ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc susemtcacs dbtrd õrkcbgs adf gradb gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf qud bg tdbkcb gtrg supdrmgr hdrãrqumeg egjøb. Ud ncffc egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmdbtd y 39 Jckmstrcags. • Fc Ucfc Sumbtc, ad fg Jmfmtcr Jmfmtcr
Egbgedrã ad fcs egjpdtdbemcs qud fd ctrmiuyd df crt. 95 ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec 1/3=>;, ad 34 ad hufmg, ad fc egjpdtdbemc y grkcbmzcemõb ad fc hurmsameemõb jmfmtcr. Egbgedrã8 - Ad fgs rdeursgs rdeursgs ad ecscemõb y rdvmsmõb qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy, Fdy, egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds adf Qrmiubcf Jmfmtcr Edbtrcf y ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Jmfmtcrds Qdrrmtgrmcfds. - Ad fc mbstrueemõb mbstrueemõb y dbhumemcjmdbtg dbhumemcjmdbtg db øbmec øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs pgr pgr adfmtgs y `cftcs bg amsempfmbcrmcs, qud sdcb ad fc egjpdtdbemc ad fc Hurmsameemõb Jmfmtcr, egbtrc fgs Ecpmtcbds Kdbdrcfds, Kdbdrcfds ad Dhíremtg, Cfjmrcbtds Kdbdrcfds y Kdbdrcfds adf Cmrd, Qdbmdbtds Kdbdrcfds y Cfjmrcbtds eucfqumdrc qud sdc su smtucemõb jmfmtcr, jmdjirgs adf Qrmiubcf Jmfmtcr Edbtrcf, @msecf Qgkcag, @msecfds ad fc Ucfc ad fg Jmfmtcr adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y @msecf adf Qrmiubcf Jmfmtcr Edbtrcf. - Ad fgs mbemadbtds ad rdeuscemõb egbtrc egbtrc ubg g ags Jckmstrcags ad fc Ucfc g egbtrc jãs ad ags jmdj irgs ad fc Ucfc ad Hustmemc adf Qrmiubcf Jmfmtcr Edbtrcf. - Ad fgs rdeursgs rdeursgs egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs ametcacs pgr df Jckmstrcag Mbstruetgr c qud nced rd`drdbemc df crtêeufg 5?, db fgs ecsgs db qud adtdrjmbd fc Fdy prgedscf.
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damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
- Ad fgs rdeursgs hurmsameemgbcfds hurmsameemgbcfds db jctdrmc amsempfmbcrmc jmfmtcr qud prgedacb egbtrc fcs scbemgbds mjpudstcs g rd`grjcacs pgr df Jmbmstrg ad Ad`dbsc, g mjpudstcs, egb`mrjcacs g rd`grjcacs pgr fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg adf Qrmiubcf Jmfmtcr Edbtrcf. - Ad fgs rdeursgs hurmsameemgbcfds hurmsameemgbcfds egbtrc fcs scbemgbds amsempfmbcrmcs huamemcfds huamemcfds mjpudstcs c qumdbds dhdrzcb `ubemgbds huamemcfds, `msecfds g Uderdtcrêcs Ydfctgrêcs, y bg pdrtdbdzecb c fc prgpmc Ucfc. - Ad fgs rdeursgs ad cpdfcemõb db jctdrmc ad egb`fmetgs hurmsameemgbcfds qud qud cajmtc su fdy rdkufcagrc egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds db prmjdrc mbstcbemc adf Qrmiubcf Jmfmtcr Edbtrcf. - Ad fcs prdtdbsmgbds prdtdbsmgbds ad adefcrcemõb adefcrcemõb ad drrgr ad fgs õrkcbgs ad fc hurmsameemõb hurmsameemõb jmfmtcr c fgs d`detgs ad rdspgbscimfmaca pctrmjgbmcf adf Dstcag. Ud ncffc egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmadbtd y ; Jckmstrcags. Euctrg ad fgs geng jmdjirgs ad fc Ucfc prgedadrãb ad fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf y fgs gtrgs euctrg adf Eudrpg Hurêameg Jmfmtcr. • Ucfc dspdemcf (prdvmstc db df crt. 03 ad fc FG_H)
Egjpudstc pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y df Jckmstrcag jãs cbtmkug y df jãs jgadrbg ad ecac ubc ad dffcs egbgedrã8 3¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs ad rdvmsmõb egbtrc fcs sdbtdbemcs ametcacs db øbmec mbstcbemc pgr fc Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg ad ameng Qrmiubcf. 9¸ Ad fgs mbemadbtds ad rdeuscemõb adf adf _rdsmdbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg g ad ad fgs _rdsmdbtds ad Ucfc g ad jãs ad ags Jckmstrcags ad ubc Ucfc. Db dstd ecsg, fgs c`detcags amrdetcjdbtd pgr fc rdeuscemõb sdrãb sustmtumags pgr qumdbds egrrdspgbac. 5¸ Ad fcs adjcbacs ad rdspgbscimfmaca emvmf qud sd amrmhcb egbtrc fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc g egbtrc tgags g fc jcygr pcrtd ad fgs Jckmstrcags ad ubc Ucfc ad ameng Qrmiubcf pgr ndengs rdcfmzcags db df dhdrememg ad su ecrkg. 1¸ Ad fc mbstrueemõb y dbhumemcjmdbtg ad fcs ecuscs egbtrc egbtrc fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc g egbtrc fgs JckmstrcJckmstrcags ad ubc Ucfc eucbag sdcb huzkcags tgags g fc jcygr pcrtd ad fgs qud fc egbstmtuydb. 4¸ Adf egbgemjmdbtg ad fcs prdtdbsmgbds ad adefcrcemõb adefcrcemõb ad drrgr huamemcf eucbag ístd sd mjputd c ubc Ucfc adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. 0.¸ Ad fgs prgedsgs ad adefcrcemõb ad mfdkcfmaca y egbsdeudbtd amsgfuemõb ad fgs pcrtmags pgfêtmegs, egb`grjd c fg amspudstg db fc Fdy Grkãbmec 0/9??9, ad 9; ad hubmg, ad _crtmags _gfêtmegs. Db fcs ecuscs c qud sd rd`mdrd df bøjdrg 1¸ ad fgs mbamecags, sd adsmkbcrã ad dbtrd fgs Jckmstrcags ad fc Ucfc, egb`grjd c ub turbg ad rdpcrtg prddstcifdemag, ub mbstruetgr qud bg `grjcrã pcrtd ad fc jmsjc pcrc dbhumemcrfgs. Tbc Udeemõb, `grjcac pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, df ad fc Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg y embeg Jckmstrcags ad dstc jmsjc Ucfc, qud sdrãb fgs ags jãs cbtmkugs y fgs trds jãs jgadrbgs, egbgedrã adf rdeursg ad ecscemõb pcrc fc ubm`mecemõb ad agetrmbc eucbag fc egbtrcameemõb sd prgauzec dbtrd sdbtdbemcs ametcacs db øbmec mbstcbemc pgr Udeemgbds amstmbtcs ad amenc Ucfc. e. Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg • Grkcbmzcemõb y `ubemgbds
Cf sdrvmemg adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg dxmstmrã ub Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg, qud csmstmrã c fc _rdsmadbemc y c sus am`drdbtds Ucfcs db fgs prgedsgs ad cajmsmõb ad fgs csubtgs ad qud egbgzecb y jdamcbtd fc dfcigrcemõb ad dstuamgs d mb`grjds qud sd fd sgfmemtdb. Qcjimíb prdstcrã cpgyg c fcs Ucfcs dspdemcfds db df adspceng ad csubtgs qud fds dstíb ctrmiumags.
damtgrmcf } edp
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
Ctdbemõb Dxedpemgbcfjdbtd, pgr rczgbds egyubturcfds y adimacjdbtd hustm`mecacs, c prgpudstc adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf y gêac fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, pgarã df Jmbmstdrmg ad Hustmemc casermimr tdjpgrcfjdbtd, egb df fêjmtd jãxmjg ad ub cóg, ub bøjdrg camemgbcf ad jmdjirgs cf sdrvmemg adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg.
Df Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg dstcrã mbtdkrcag pgr ub Amrdetgr y pgr jmdjirgs ad fc Ecrrdrc huamemcf y gtrgs hurmstcs qud gstdbtcrãb fc adbgjmbcemõb ad Fdtrcags adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg. C fgs d`detgs cbtdrmgrds, db df Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg dxmstmrãb tcbtcs ãrdcs egjg õradbds hurmsameemgbcfds. Adbtrg ad ecac ãrdc pgarã dxmstmr ubc sdeemõb ad Cajmsmõb y gtrc sdeemõb ad Dstuamgs d Mb`grjds. Db fc Ucfc Sumbtc ad fg Jmfmtcr pgarã ncidr ub Fdtrcag adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg. Fgs Fdtrcags prdstcrãb sus sdrvmemgs db fcs am`drdbtds ãrdcs ctdbamdbag c su dspdemcfmzcemõb prg`dsmgbcf. Db ecac ubc ad fcs ãrdcs ncirã ubg g vcrmgs Fdtrcags adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg qud csujcb `ubemgbds ad eggrambcemõb ad fgs jmdjirgs adf Kcimbdtd qud `grjdb pcrtd ad fc jmsjc. Udrãb adsmkbcags pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, prd`drdbtdjdbtd ad dbtrd fgs Fdtrcags qud pdrtdbdzecb c fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf, y adidrãb tdbdr ubc cbtmködaca jêbmjc ad amdz cógs db df dhdrememg ad su rdspdetmvc prg`dsmõb. Df Jmbmstdrmg ad Hustmemc, gêac fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg y prdvmg mb`grjd adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf d mb`grjd `cvgrcifd adf Jmbmstdrmg ad Ncemdbac y @ubemõb _øifmec, adtdrjmbcrã fc egjpgsmemõb y pfcbtmffc adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg. • Amrdeemõb
Fc supdrmgr amrdeemõb adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg sdrã dhdremac pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg g, db ecsg ad adfdkcemõb ad ístd, pgr df Pmedprdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. Df _fdbg adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf bgjircrã cf Amrdetgr adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg, c prgpudstc vmbeufcbtd adf _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, adimdbag cerdamtcr fgs rdqumsmtgs fdkcfjdbtd dxmkmags pcrc pgadr ceedadr c fc ectdkgrêc ad Jckmstrcag adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, tdbmdbag amenc egbsmadrcemõb, c d`detgs rdprdsdbtctmvgs, jmdbtrcs adsdjpdód df ecrkg. • Fdtrcags
Fgs Fdtrcags qud ncycb ad prdstcr sdrvmemg db df Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg sdrãb sdfdeemgbcags jdamcbtd egbeursg ad jírmtgs, dstcifdemíbagsd db df cbubemg ad fc egbvgectgrmc fgs ermtdrmgs ad sdfdeemõb. Fgs Fdtrcags qud bg pdrtdbdzecb c fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf g @msecf adidrãb sdr `ubemgbcrmgs adf Eudrpg ad Fdtrcags ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc g `ubemgbcrmgs ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds _øifmecs u õrkcbgs egbstmtuemgbcfds, egb tmtufcemõb db Adrdeng, pdrtdbdemdbtds c Eudrpgs adf Uuikrupg C3 g csmjmfcags. Fc Egjmsmõb _drjcbdbtd adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf rdcfmzcrã fc egbvgectgrmc c prgpudstc adf _rdsmadbtd adf 54?
damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, qumdb gmrã prdvmcjdbtd, c fgs d`detgs ad `mhcr fgs ermtdrmgs ad sdfdeemõb, c fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg ad ameng Qrmiubcf. Df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, gêags fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y df Amrdetgr adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg, sgjdtdrã c fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg, pcrc su cprgicemõb, fc prgpudstc ad ecbamactgs c euirmr fcs pfczcs ad Fdtrcag adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg. Df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg dfdvcrã cf _fdbg adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf fc prgpudstc ad fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, pcrc qud prgedac cf bgjircjmdbtg ad qumdbds vcycb c geupcr fcs pfczcs ad Fdtrcag adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg. Fgs Fdtrcags qud `udrdb sdfdeemgbcags sdrãb bgjircags pgr ub cóg. Tbc vdz eujpfmag dsd pfczg, df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, gêags df _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc rdspdetmvg y df Amrdetgr adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg, prgpgbarã, db su ecsg, fc prõrrgkc db fc pfczc, ad egb`grjmaca egb df prgedamjmdbtg dstcifdemag pcrc df bgjircjmdbtg mbmemcf. Fgs Fdtrcags pgarãb sdr prgrrgkcags pgr suedsmvgs pdrmgags ad trds cógs. Umb pdrhumemg ad fg cbtdrmgr, fgs Fdtrcags pgarãb sdr edscags pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg pgr mbeujpfmjmdbtg krcvd ad fgs adidrds ad su `ubemõb. Df Amrdetgr adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg y fgs Fdtrcags sdrãb adefcrcags db smtucemõb cajmbmstrctmvc ad sdrvmemgs dspdemcfds db fc Ecrrdrc g Eudrpg ad prgedadbemc. C fgs d`detgs adf eõjputg ad fc cbtmködaca db fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf, c fgs Hudeds g Jckmstrcags qud geupdb pfczc ad Fdtrcag db df Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg sd fds tdbarãb db eudbtc fgs sdrvmemgs prdstcags db df gradb hurmsameemgbcf egrrdspgbamdbtd cf ãrdc adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg db qud dstuvmdrcb casermtgs. Dstc prdvmsmõb sdrã tcjimíb ad cpfmecemõb c fgs d`detgs adf eõjputg ad fc cbtmködaca db df Eudrpg c fgs Fdtrcags ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc qud geupdb pfczc ad Fdtrcag db df Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg. a. @ubemgbcjmdbtg
Fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg, c prgpudstc adf _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, cprgicrã fcs bgrjcs ad `ubemgbcjmdbtg adf Kcimbdtd Qíebmeg.
3.5 Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf C. Egbedptg y `mbcfmaca Ds ub õrkcbg hurmsameemgbcf egfdkmcag egb hurmsameemõb db tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf, egb sdad db fc vmffc ad Jcarma y egb egjpdtdbemcs db df gradb pdbcf, db df egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg y db df sgemcf (crt. 09 FG_H). Uu `mbcfmaca grmkmbcrmc, qud sd dbeudbtrc dbrcmzcac db df gradb pdbcf, `ud fc ctrmiuemõb db dxefusmvc c ub õrkcbg huamemcf grambcrmg adf egbgemjmdbtg ad adtdrjmbcags adfmtgs euycs dxtrcgrambcrmcs emreubstcbemcs g fcs adf tmdjpg y fukcr ad su dhdeuemõb g fcs ad fcs pdrsgbcs qud db dffgs nuimdrdb mbtdrvdbmag egjg g`dbsgrds u g`dbamags fg cegbsdhcrdb, y dffg egb mbadpdbadbemc adf `udrg tdrrmtgrmcf (ds ademr, adf fukcr agbad ncycb geurrmag fgs ndengs).
I. Ydkufcemõb - Db df Ecpêtufg MM, MM, adf Qêtufg MP, adf Fmirg M ad fc FG_H (crts. 09 c 0=). - Db fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf (crts. 3, 0, 53, 4= y cbdxg MMM). - @ud erdcac pgr pgr df Ydcf Aderdtg-Fdy Aderdtg-Fdy 3/3=;;, ad 1 ad dbdrg, cetucfjdbtd adrgkcag pgr fc FG_H. FG_H. Uu erdcemõb `ud cegjpcócac ad fc suprdsmõb ad ags õrkcbgs huamemcfds egjg drcb df Qrmiubcf ad Gradb _øifmeg y df Huzkcag ad Adfmtgs Jgbdtcrmgs. damtgrmcf } edp
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
E. Egjpgsmemõb Fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf sd egjpgbarã ad su _rdsmadbtd, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y fgs Jckmstrcags qud adtdrjmbd fc Fdy pcrc fcs Ucfcs y Udeemgbds. Df _rdsmadbtd ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf, qud tdbarã fc egbsmadrcemõb ad _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, ds df _rdsmadbtd bctg ad tgacs sus Ucfcs. Fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf dstã mbtdkrcac pgr fcs smkumdbtds Ucfcs8 - Ad fg _dbcf - Ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg - Ad fg Ugemcf - Ad Cpdfcemõb Db df ecsg ad qud df bøjdrg ad csubtgs fg cegbsdhcrd, pgarãb erdcrsd ags g jãs Udeemgbds adbtrg ad ubc Ucfc.
UCFCU AD FC CTAMDBEMC BCEMGBCF Ad fg _dbcf Ad fg EgbtdbemgsgEgbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctm cajmbmstrctmvg vg Ad fg Ugemcf Ad Cpdfcemõb
Dxmstd cadjãs fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf, qud sd egjpgbd adf _rdsmadbtd, qud fc prdsmad, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y ub bøjdrg mkucf ad Jckmstrcags adsmkbcags pgr dfdeemõb. Uus `ubemgbds sgb fcs jmsjcs qud fcs sdócfcacs cbtdrmgrjdbtd pcrc fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. ], `mbcfjdbtd, ubc Ucfc `grjcac pgr df _rdsmadbtd ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad fcs Ucfcs y df Jckmstrcag jãs cbtmkug y df jãs jgadrbg ad ecac ubc, g cqudf qud, rdspdetmvcjdbtd, fd sustmtuyc, egbgedrã ad fgs mbemadbtds ad rdeuscemõb adf _rdsmadbtd, ad fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc g ad jãs ad ags Jckmstrcags ad ubc Ucfc. Fgs Jckmstrcags rdeuscags bg `grjcrãb pcrtd ad fc Ucfc. Fc rdeuscemõb adf rdstg ad fgs Jckmstrcags egrrdspgbad c fc Ucfc db qud dstíb mbtdkrcags. Fc Ucfc ad fg _dbcf dstã egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc y euctrg Udeemgbds, ecac ubc egjpudstc pgr 30 Jckmstrcags. Fc Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg dstã egjpudstc pgr ub _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc y `grjcac pgr geng Udeemgbds, ecac ubc egjpudstc ad 5= Jckmstrcags. Fc Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf (egb grmkdb db fc FG_H) sd egjpgbd ad ub _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc y ags Jckmstrcags. Cadjãs euctrg Jckmstrcags adf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, ubg ad fgs eucfds egb egbsmadrcemõb ad _rdsmadbtd ad Ucfc.
A. Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemcs _csdjgs c dbujdrcr fcs egjpdtdbemcs ad fcs Ucfcs ad fg _dbcf, ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg, ad fg Ugemcf y ad Cpdfcemõb.
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damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
c. Ucfc ad fg _dbcf
Egbgedrã8 3¸ Adf dbhumemcjmdbtg, scfvg qud egrrdspgbac db _rmjdrc Mbstcbemc c fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf, ad fcs ecuscs pgr fgs smkumdbtds adfmtgs8 c) Adfmtgs egbtrc df tmtufcr ad fc Egrgbc, su Egbsgrtd, su Uuedsgr, Cftgs Grkcbmsjgs ad fc Bcemõb y `grjc ad Kgimdrbg. i) @cf @cfsm` sm`mec mecemõ emõbb ad jgb jgbdac dac y `ci `cirme rmecem cemõb õb ad tcr tcrhdt hdtcs cs ad eríamtg y aíimtg `cfscs y endquds ad vmchdrg `cfsgs, smdjprd qud sdcb egjdtmags pgr grkcbmzcemgbds g krupgs ermjmbcfds. e) Ad`rcuacemgbds y jcqumbcemgbds pcrc cftdrcr df prdemg ad fcs egscs qud prgauzecb g pudacb prgauemr krcvd rdpdreusmõb db fc sdkurmaca adf trã`meg jdrecbtmf, db fc degbgjêc bcemgbcf g pdrhumemg pctrmjgbmcf db ubc kdbdrcfmaca ad pdrsgbcs db df tdrrmtgrmg ad jãs ad ubc Cuamdbemc. a) Qrã`meg ad argkcs g dstupd`cemdbtds, `rcuads cfmjdbtcrmgs y ad sustcbemcs `crjceíutmecs g jdamembcfds, smdjprd qud sdcb egjdtmags pgr icbacs g krupgs grkcbmzcags y prgauzecb d`detgs db fukcrds pdrtdbdemdbtds c amstmbtcs Cuamdbemcs. d) Adfmtgs egjdtmags `udrc adf tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf, eucbag egb`grjd c fcs fdyds g c fgs trctcags egrrdspgbac su dbhumemcjmdbtg c fgs Qrmiubcfds dspcógfds. Db tgag ecsg, dxtdbadrã su egjpdtdbemc cf egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs adfmtgs egbdxgs egb tgags fgs cbtdrmgrjdbtd sdócfcags. 9¸ Ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs pdbcfds mbmemcags mbmemcags db df dxtrcbhdrg, ad fc dhdeuemõb ad fcs sdbtdbemcs ametcacs pgr Qrmiubcfds dxtrcbhdrgs g adf eujpfmjmdbtg ad pdbc ad prmsmõb mjpudstc pgr Qrmiubcfds dxtrcbhdrgs, eucbag db vmrtua ad ub trctcag mbtdrbcemgbcf egrrdspgbac c Dspcóc fc egbtmbucemõb ad ub prgedamjmdbtg pdbcf mbmemcag db df dxtrcbhdrg, fc dhdeuemõb ad ubc sdbtdbemc pdbcf dxtrcbhdrc g df eujpfmjmdbtg ad ubc pdbc g jdamac ad sdkurmaca prmvctmvc ad fmidrtca, scfvg db cqudffgs ecsgs db qud dstc Fdy ctrmiuyc cfkubc ad dstcs egjpdtdbemcs c gtrg õrkcbg hurmsameemgbcf pdbcf. 5¸ Ad fcs eudstmgbds ad edsmõb ad hurmsameemõb hurmsameemõb db jctdrmc pdbcf adrmvcacs adf eujpfmjmdbtg ad trctcags mbtdrbcemgbcfds db fgs qud Dspcóc sdc pcrtd. 1¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs rdspdetg c fgs mbstrujdbtgs ad rdegbgemjmdbtg jutug ad rdsgfuemgbds pdbcfds db fc Tbmõb Durgpdc qud fds ctrmiuyc fc fdy, y fc rdsgfuemõb ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs damtgrmcf } edp
Ydeudrad C am`drdbemc ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf qud sd ncffc amvmamac db Ucfcs y ístcs db Udeemgbds, fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds sd dbeudbtrcb amvmamacs db sdeemgbds (ad fg Emvmf y ad fg _dbcf).
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
huamemcfds ad dxtrcamemõb pcsmvc, sdc s dc eucf `udrd df fukcr ad rdsmadbemc g db qud nuimdsd tdbmag fukcr fc adtdbemõb adf c`detcag pgr df prgedamjmdbtg. 4¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs dstcifdemags db fc Fdy egbtrc fcs sdbtdbemcs y gtrcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf, ad fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Mbstrueemõb y adf Huzkcag Edbtrcf ad Jdbgrds. 0¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs pgr fgs fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc. ;.¸ Ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs ad adegjmsg cutõbgjg pgr fgs adfmtgs pcrc euyg egbgemjmdbtg sdcb egjpdtdbtds. >¸ Ad eucfqumdr gtrg gtrg csubtg qud fd ctrmiuycb fcs fdyds. i. Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg
Fc Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf egbgedrã8 c) Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvgs egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvgs egbtrc amspgsmemgbds y cetgs ad fgs Jmbmstrgs y Uderdtcrmgs ad Dstcag qud fc fdy bg ctrmiuyc c fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg. i) Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-cajm egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvgs bmstrctmvgs egbtrc fgs cetgs ametcags pgr fc Egjmsmõb ad Pmkmfcbemc ad Cetmvmacads ad @mbcbemcemõb adf Qdrrgrmsjg. Egbgedrã, csmjmsjg, ad fc pgsmifd prõrrgkc ad fgs pfczgs qud fd pfcbtdd amenc Egjmsmõb ad Pmkmfcbemc rdspdetg ad fcs jdamacs prdvmstcs db fgs crtêeufgs 3 y 9 ad fc Fdy 39/9??5, ad prdvdbemõb y ifgqudg ad fc `mbcbemcemõb adf tdrrgrmsjg. e) Ad fgs rdeursgs advgfutmvgs advgfutmvgs qud fc fdy dstcifdzec egbtrc egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg. a) Ad fgs rdeursgs bg ctrmiumags c fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc db rdfcemõb c fgs egbvdbmgs dbtrd fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs y c fcs rdsgfuemgbds adf Qrmiubcf Degbõjmeg-Cajmbmstrctmvg Edbtrcf. d) Ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc qud sd pudacb pfcbtdcr dbtrd fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg y ad cqudffgs gtrgs rdeursgs qud dxedpemgbcfjdbtd fd ctrmiuyc fc fdy. e. Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf
Egbgedrã, db øbmec mbstcbemc8 3¸ Ad fgs prgedsgs dspdemcfds ad mjpukbcemõb mjpukbcemõb ad egbvdbmgs egfdetmvgs euyg euyg ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad cpfmcpfmecemõb sdc supdrmgr cf tdrrmtgrmg ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. 9¸ Ad fgs prgedsgs sgird egb`fmetgs egb`fmetgs egfdetmvgs euyc rdsgfuemõb rdsgfuemõb ncyc ad surtmr d`detg db ub ãjimtg ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf supdrmgr cf ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. 5¸ Cadjãs ad fcs mbamecacs, `mhcacs pgr fc FG_H, ncy qud tdbdr prdsdbtd qud fc Fdy 50/9?33, ad 3? ad getuird, rdkufcagrc ad fc hurmsameemõb sgemcf, db su crt. >, amspgbd qud egbgedrã mkucfjdbtd fc Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf ad fgs prgedsgs8 - Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs prgedsgs sgird fcs eudstmgbds c qud sd rd`mdrdb fcs fdtrcs `), k), n), h), l) y f) adf crtêeufg 9 eucbag dxtmdbacb sus d`detgs c ub ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf supdrmgr cf ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc g trctãbagsd ad mjpukbcemõb ad fcuags, ad ncidr egrrdspgbamag, db su ecsg, c dstc Ucfc df egbgemjmdbtg adf csubtg sgjdtmag c crimtrchd.
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damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
Fdy 50/9?33, ad 3? ad getuird, rdkufcagrc ad fc hurmsameemõb sgemcf
Crtêeufg 9 Ãjimtg adf gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf `) Ugird tutdfc ad fgs adrdengs ad fmidrtca smbamecf, nudfkc y adjãs adrdengs `ubacjdbtcfds y fmidrtcads pøifmecs, mbefumac fc prgnmimemõb ad fc amsermjmbcemõb y df cegsg, egbtrc df djprdscrmg g tdredrgs vmbeufcags c ístd pgr eucfqumdr têtufg, eucbag fc vufbdrcemõb cfdkcac tdbkc egbdxmõb amrdetc egb fc prdstcemõb ad sdrvmemgs< sgird fcs rdefcjcemgbds db jctdrmc ad fmidrtca smbamecf y ad adrdeng ad nudfkc `rdbtd c cetucemgbds ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs rd`drmacs dxefusmvcjdbtd cf pdrsgbcf fcigrcf< sgird fcs egbtrgvdrsmcs dbtrd ags g jãs smbamectgs, g dbtrd ístgs y fcs csgemcemgbds djprdscrmcfds, smdjprd qud df fmtmkmg vdrsd sgird eudstmgbds gihdtg ad fc egjpdtdbemc adf gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf, mbefumac db tgags fgs supudstgs ad dstd cpcrtcag fc rdspgbscimfmaca pgr acógs< y sgird fcs adjãs cetucemgbds prdvmstcs db fc prdsdbtd Fdy egb`grjd cf cpcrtcag 1 adf crtêeufg 33; ad fc Egbstmtuemõb Dspcógfc db kcrcbtêc ad eucfqumdr adrdeng. k) Db prgedsgs ad egb`fmetgs egfdetmvgs. n) Ugird mjpukbcemõb ad egbvdbmgs egfdetmvgs y ceudrags, eucfqumdrc qud sdc su d`mecemc, mbefumags fgs egbedrtcags pgr fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs eucbag sdcb ad cpfmecemõb dxefusmvc c pdrsgbcf fcigrcf< csê egjg sgird mjpukbcemõb ad fcuags crimtrcfds ad bcturcfdzc sgemcf, mbefumags fgs ametcags db sustmtuemõb ad fc bdkgemcemõb egfdetmvc, db egb`fmetgs egfdetmvgs, db prgedamjmdbtgs ad rdsgfuemõb ad egbtrgvdrsmcs y db prgedamjmdbtgs ad egbsuftc db jgvmfmaca kdgkrã`mec, jgam`mecemgbds egfdetmvcs ad egbamemgbds ad trcichg y adspmags egfdetmvgs, csê egjg db suspdbsmgbds y rdaueemgbds tdjpgrcfds ad hgrbcac. Ad ncidrsd ametcag rdspdetg ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs, eucbag amengs fcuags c`detdb db dxefusmvc cf pdrsgbcf fcigrcf. h) Ugird egbstmtuemõb y rdegbgemjmdbtg ad fc pdrsgbcfmaca hurêamec ad fgs smbamectgs, mjpukbcemõb ad sus dstctutgs y su jgam`mecemõb. l) Db jctdrmc ad ríkmjdb hurêameg dspdeê`meg ad fgs smbamectgs, tcbtg fdkcf egjg dstctutcrmg, db tgag fg rdfctmvg c su `ubemgbcjmdbtg mbtdrbg y c fcs rdfcemgbds egb sus c`mfmcags. f) Ugird egbstmtuemõb y rdegbgemjmdbtg ad fc pdrsgbcfmaca hurêamec ad fcs csgemcemgbds djprdscrmcfds db fgs tírjmbgs rd`drmags db fc amspgsmemõb adrgkctgrmc ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec 33/3=>4, ad 9 ad ckgstg, ad Fmidrtca Umbamecf, mjpukbcemõb ad sus dstctutgs y su jgam`mecemõb.
- Db øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs fgs prgedsgs ad adspmag egfdetmvg mjpukbcags mjpukbcags pgr fgs rdprdsdbtcbtds ad fgs trcichcagrds ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db fgs cpcrtcags 3 c 3? adf crtêeufg 391 ad dstc Fdy, eucbag dxtmdbacb sus d`detgs c ub ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf supdrmgr cf ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. - Db øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs fgs ad fgs prgedsgs ad g`memg prdvmstgs db fc fdtrc i) adf crtêeufg 31> ad dstc Fdy y ad fgs prgedsgs ad mjpukbcemõb ad fcs rdsgfuemgbds cajmbmstrctmvcs rdecêacs db fgs prgedamjmdbtgs prdvmstgs db df cpcrtcag cpcrtcag ; adf crtêeufg 43 adf Ydcf Aderdtg Fdkmsfctmvg 9/9?34, ad ad 95 ad getuird, pgr df qud sd cprudic df tdxtg rd`ubamag ad fc Fdy adf Dstctutg ad fgs Qrcichcagrds, ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db df crtêeufg 343 ad dstc Fdy, eucbag df ceudrag g cetg cajmbmstrctmvg mjpukbcag dxtmdbacb sus d`detgs c ub ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf supdrmgr cf ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. - Db øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs prgedsgs ad mjpukbcemõb ad cetgs ad Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs ctrmiumags cf gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf db fcs fdtrcs b) y s) adf crtêeufg 9, eucbag ncycb smag ametcags pgr õrkcbgs ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag y ad fgs grkcbmsjgs pøifmegs vmbeufcags g adpdbamdbtds ad dffc euyg bmvdf grkãbmeg sdc ad Jmbmstrg g Uderdtcrmg ad Dstcag imdb egb ecrãetdr grmkmbcrmg g imdb eucbag rdetm`mqudb pgr vêc ad rdeursg g db prgedamjmdbtg ad `msecfmzcemõb g tutdfc fgs ametcags pgr õrkcbgs g dbtds amstmbtgs egb egjpdtdbemc db tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf. damtgrmcf } edp
544
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
Fdy 50/9?33, ad 3? ad getuird, rdkufcagrc ad fc hurmsameemõb sgemcf
Crtêeufg 9 Ãjimtg adf gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf b) Db mjpukbcemõb ad rdsgfuemgbds cajmbmstrctmvcs ad fc cutgrmaca fcigrcf rdecêacs db fgs prgedamjmdbtgs prdvmstgs db df cpcrtcag 5 adf crtêeufg 1; y db df cpcrtcag ; adf crtêeufg 43 adf Qdxtg Yd`ubamag ad fc Fdy adf Dstctutg ad fgs Qrcichcagrds, cprgicag pgr Ydcf Aderdtg Fdkmsfctmvg 3/3==4, ad 91 ad jcrzg, csê egjg fcs rdecêacs db df dhdrememg ad fc pgtdstca scbemgbcagrc db jctdrmc fcigrcf y smbamecf y, rdspdetg ad fcs adjãs mjpukbcemgbds ad gtrgs cetgs ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs suhdtgs cf Adrdeng Cajmbmstrctmvg db df dhdrememg ad sus pgtdstcads y `ubemgbds db jctdrmc fcigrcf y smbamecf qud pgbkcb `mb c fc vêc cajmbmstrctmvc, smdjprd qud db dstd ecsg su egbgemjmdbtg bg dstí ctrmiumag c gtrg gradb hurmsameemgbcf. s) Db mjpukbcemõb ad cetgs ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs, suhdtgs c adrdeng cajmbmstrctmvg y qud pgbkcb `mb c fc vêc cajmbmstrctmvc, ametcacs db df dhdrememg ad sus pgtdstcads y `ubemgbds db jctdrmc ad Udkurmaca Ugemcf, amstmbtcs ad fcs egjprdbamacs db df cpcrtcag g) ad dstd crtêeufg, mbefuydbag fcs rdecêacs db df dhdrememg ad fc pgtdstca scbemgbcagrc db dstc jctdrmc y egb dxedpemõb ad fcs dspdem`mecacs db fc fdtrc `) adf crtêeufg 5.
a. Ucfc ad Cpdfcemõb
Fc Ucfc ad Cpdfcemõb ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf egbgedrã ad fgs rdeursgs ad dstc efcsd qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fc Ucfc ad fg _dbcf. Eucbag fc sdbsmifd y egbtmbucac am`drdbemc db df vgfujdb ad trcichg fg cegbsdhd, fgs jckmstrcags ad dstc Ucfc, egb df ceudrag `cvgrcifd ad fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg, prdvmc prgpudstc adf _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf, pgarãb sdr casermtgs pgr df Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, tgtcf g pcremcfjdbtd, y smb qud dffg smkbm`mqud mberdjdbtg rdtrmiutmvg cfkubg, c gtrc Ucfc ad am`drdbtd gradb. _crc fc casermpemõb sd vcfgrcrãb fc cbtmködaca db df dsecfc`õb y fc dspdemcfmaca g dxpdrmdbemc ad fgs jckmstrcags c`detcags y, c sdr pgsmifd, sus prd`drdbemcs.
3.1 Huzkcags Edbtrcfds C. Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf c. Egbedptg
Ugb õrkcbgs ubmpdrsgbcfds, egb hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc y egb sdad db fc vmffc ad Jcarma, db agbad ncirã ubg g vcrmgs. Uu erdcemõb sd ffdvc c ecig pgr fc Fdy Grkãbmec ;/3=>>, ad 9> ad amemdjird, y sd ncffc rdegkmag db df crt. >= ims 5 ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec adf _gadr Huamemcf y db fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf. i. Egjpdtdbemcs
_crc df egbgemjmdbtg y `cffg ad fcs ecuscs pgr adfmtgs c fgs qud fc Fdy sdócfd pdbc prmvctmvc ad fmidrtca ad aurcemõb bg supdrmgr c embeg cógs g pdbc ad juftc eucfqumdrc qud sdc su eucbtêc, g eucfdsqumdrc gtrcs ad amstmbtc bcturcfdzc, imdb sdcb øbmecs, egbhubtcs g cftdrbctmvcs, smdjprd qud fc aurcemõb ad ístcs bg dxedac ad amdz cógs, csê egjg pgr adfmtgs fdvds, sdcb g bg mbemadbtcfds, mjputcifds c fgs cutgrds ad dstgs adfmtgs g c gtrcs pdrsgbcs, eucbag fc egjmsmõb adf adfmtg fdvd g su prudic dstuvmdsdb rdfcemgbcacs egb cquíffgs, df Hudz ad fg _dbcf ad fc emreubsermpemõb agbad df adfmtg `ud egjdtmag, g df Hudz ad fg _dbcf egrrdspgbamdbtd c fc emreubsermpemõb adf Huzkcag ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr db su ecsg, g df Hudz Edbtrcf ad fg _dbcf db df ãjimtg qud fd ds prgpmg, smb pdrhumemg ad fc egjpdtdbemc adf Hudz ad Mbstrueemõb ad Kucramc adf fukcr ad egjmsmõb adf adfmtg pcrc ametcr sdbtdbemc ad egb`grjmaca, adf Hudz ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr egjpdtdbtd db su ecsg, db fgs tírjmbgs dstcifdemags db df crtêeufg >?3, csê 540
damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
egjg ad fgs Huzkcags ad Mbstrueemõb egjpdtdbtds pcrc ametcr sdbtdbemc db df prgedsg pgr cedptcemõb ad aderdtg (Crt. 31 ad fc Fdy ad Dbhumemcjmdbtg Ermjmbcf). Egrrdspgbad csmjmsjg c fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf fc dhdeuemõb ad fcs sdbtdbemcs ametcacs db ecuscs pgr adfmtg krcvd g jdbgs krcvd pgr fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Mbstrueemõb, y fgs prgedamjmdbtgs ad adegjmsg cutõbgjg pgr fgs adfmtgs pcrc euyg egbgemjmdbtg sdcb egjpdtdbtds.
I. Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Mbstrueemõb c. Egbedptg
Ugb õrkcbgs ubmpdrsgbcfds, ad ecrãetdr mbstruetgr, egb sdad db Jcarma y hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc (crt. >> FG_H). i. Egjpdtdbemcs
Mbstrumrãb fcs ecuscs euyg dbhumemcjmdbtg egrrdspgbac c fc Ucfc ad fg _dbcf ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf g, db su ecsg, c fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg _dbcf y trcjmtcrãb fgs dxpdamdbtds ad dhdeuemõb ad fcs õradbds durgpdcs ad adtdbemõb y dbtrdkc, fgs prgedamjmdbtgs ad dxtrcamemõb pcsmvc, fgs rdfctmvgs c fc djmsmõb y fc dhdeuemõb ad gtrgs mbstrujdbtgs ad rdegbgemjmdbtg jutug ad rdsgfuemgbds pdbcfds db fc Tbmõb Durgpdc qud fds ctrmiuyc fc fdy, csê egjg fcs sgfmemtuads ad mb`grjcemõb dbtrd fgs sdrvmemgs ad sdkurmaca ad fgs Dstcags jmdjirgs ad fc Tbmõb Durgpdc eucbag rdqumdrcb cutgrmzcemõb huamemcf, db fgs tírjmbgs prdvmstgs db fc fdy.
E. Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg - cajmbmstrctmvg c. Egbedptg
Db fc vmffc ad Jcarma, egb hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc, ncirã Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-ca Egbtdbemgsg-ca-jmbmstrctmvg qud egbgedrãb, db prmjdrc g øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvgs egbtrc amspgsmemgbds y cetgs djcbcags ad cutgrmacads, grkcbmsjgs, õrkcbgs y dbtmacads pøifmecs egb egjpdtdbemc db tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf, db fgs tírjmbgs qud fc Fdy dstcifdzec. i. Egjpdtdbemcs
Fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg egbgedrãb ad fgs rdeursgs qud sd adauzecb `rdbtd c fgs cetgs cajmbmstrctmvgs qud tdbkcb pgr gihdtg8 c) Db prmjdrc g øbmec mbstcbemc db fcs jctdrmcs jctdrmcs ad pdrsgbcf eucbag sd trctd ad cetgs ametcags pgr Jmbmstrgs y Uderdtcrmgs ad Dstcag, scfvg qud egb`mrjdb db vêc ad rdeursg, `msecfmzcemõb g tutdfc, cetgs ametcags pgr õrkcbgs mb`drmgrds, g sd rd`mdrcb cf bcemjmdbtg g dxtmbemõb ad fc rdfcemõb ad sdrvmemg ad `ubemgbcrmgs ad ecrrdrc, g c fcs jctdrmcs rdegkmacs db df crtêeufg 33.3.c) sgird pdrsgbcf jmfmtcr (rdeursgs qud sd adauzecb db rdfcemõb egb fcs amspgsmemgbds kdbdrcfds y fgs cetgs ad fgs Jmbmstrgs y ad fgs Uderdtcrmgs ad Dstcag db kdbdrcf y db jctdrmc ad pdrsgbcf eucbag sd rd`mdrcb cf bcemjmdbtg g dxtmbemõb ad fc rdfcemõb ad sdrvmemg ad `ubemgbcrmgs ad ecrrdrc y rdeursgs egbtrc fgs cetgs ad eucfdsqumdrc õrkcbgs edbtrcfds adf Jmbmstdrmg ad Ad`dbsc rd`drmags c csedbsgs, gradb y cbtmködaca db df dsecfc`gbcjmdbtg y adstmbgs). i) Db øbmec g prmjdrc mbstcbemc egbtrc fgs cetgs ad fgs õrkcbgs edbtrcfds ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag db fgs supudstgs prdvmstgs db df cpcrtcag 9.i) adf crtêeufg > (scbemgbds cajmbmstrctmvcs qud egbsmstcb db juftcs bg supdrmgrds c 0?.??? durgs y db edsds ad cetmvmacads g prmvcemõb ad dhdrememg ad adrdengs qud bg dxedacb ad sdms jdsds).
damtgrmcf } edp
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
e) Db prmjdrc g øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs rdeursgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvgs qud sd mbtdrpgbkcb egbtrc egbtrc fcs amspgsmemgbds kdbdrcfds y egbtrc fgs cetgs djcbcags ad fgs grkcbmsjgs pøifmegs egb pdrsgbcfmaca hurêamec prgpmc y dbtmacads pdrtdbdemdbtds cf sdetgr pøifmeg dstctcf egb egjpdtdbemc db tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf, smb pdrhumemg ad fg amspudstg db df pãrrc`g m) adf cpcrtcag 3 adf crtêeufg 3? (fgs cetgs y rdsgfuemgbds ametcags pgr õrkcbgs ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag euyc egjpdtdbemc sd dxtmdbac c tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf y euyg bmvdf grkãbmeg sdc mb`drmgr cf ad Jmbmstrg g Uderdtcrmg ad Dstcag db jctdrmcs ad pdrsgbcf, prgpmdacads dspdemcfds y dxprgpmcemõb `grzgsc). a) Db prmjdrc g øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs rdeursgs egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs pgr fgs Jmbmstrgs y Uderdtcrmgs ad Dstcag db jctdrmc ad rdspgbscimfmaca pctrmjgbmcf eucbag fg rdefcjcag bg dxedac ad 5?.?4? durgs. d) Db prmjdrc mbstcbemc, ad fcs rdsgfuemgbds qud ceudradb ceudradb fc mbcajmsmõb ad fcs pdtmemgbds ad csmfg pgfêpgfêtmeg. `) Db øbmec g prmjdrc mbstcbemc, ad fcs rdsgfuemgbds qud, db vêc ad ad `msecfmzcemõb, sdcb ametcacs pgr pgr df Egjmtí Dspcógf ad Amsempfmbc Adpgrtmvc db jctdrmc ad amsempfmbc adpgrtmvc. Egrrdspgbadrã c fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-Cajmbmstrctmvg, fc cutgrmzcemõb c qud sd rd`mdrd df crtêeufg >.9 ad fc Fdy 51/9??9 csê egjg cutgrmzcr fc dhdeuemõb ad fgs cetgs cagptcags pgr fc Udeemõb Udkubac ad fc Egjmsmõb ad _rgpmdaca Mbtdfdetucf pcrc qud sd mbtdrrujpc fc prdstcemõb ad sdrvmemgs ad fc sgemdaca ad fc mb`grjcemõb g pcrc qud sd rdtmrdb egbtdbmags qud vufbdrdb fc prgpmdaca mbtdfdetucf, db cpfmecemõb ad fc Fdy 51/9??9, ad 33 ad hufmg, ad Udrvmemgs ad fc Ugemdaca ad fc mb`grjcemõb y ad Egjdremg Dfdetrõbmeg. Fdy 51/9??9, ad 33 ad hufmg, ad sdrvmemgs ad fc sgemdaca ad fc mb`grjcemõb y ad egjdremg dfdetrõbmeg
Crtêeufg > Ydstrmeemgbds c fc prdstcemõb ad sdrvmemgs y prgedamjmdbtg ad eggpdrcemõb mbtrcegjubmtcrmg 9. Fgs õrkcbgs egjpdtdbtds pcrc fc cagpemõb ad fcs jdamacs c qud sd rd`mdrd df cpcrtcag cbtdrmgr, egb df gihdtg ad madbtm`mecr cf rdspgbscifd adf sdrvmemg ad fc sgemdaca ad fc mb`grjcemõb qud dstã rdcfmzcbag fc egbauetc prdsubtcjdbtd vufbdrcagrc, pgarãb rdqudrmr c fgs prdstcagrds ad sdrvmemgs ad fc sgemdaca ad fc mb`grjcemõb fc edsmõb ad fgs actgs qud pdrjmtcb tcf madbtm`mecemõb c `mb ad qud pudac egjpcrdedr db df prgedamjmdbtg. Qcf rdqudrmjmdbtg dxmkmrã fc prdvmc cutgrmzcemõb huamemcf ad ceudrag egb fg prdvmstg db df cpcrtcag prmjdrg adf crtêeufg 399 ims ad fc Fdy rdkufcagrc ad fc Hurmsameemõb egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvc. Tbc vdz gitdbmac fc cutgrmzcemõb, fgs prdstcagrds dstcrãb gifmkcags c `cemfmtcr fgs actgs bdedscrmgs pcrc ffdvcr c ecig fc madbtm`mecemõb.
Mkucfjdbtd egbgedrãb fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad fg Egbtdbemgsg Cajmbmstrctmvg adf prgedamjmdbtg prdvmstg db df crtêeufg 39 ims ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec 0/9??9, ad 9; ad hubmg, ad _crtmags _gfêtmegs. Fdy Grkãbmec 0/9??9, ad 9; ad hubmg, ad _crtmags _gfêtmegs
Crtêeufg 39 ims Adefcrcemõb huamemcf ad dxtmbemõb ad ub pcrtmag pgfêtmeg 3. Df õrkcbg egjpdtdbtd, c mbmemctmvc adf Ydkmstrg ad _crtmags _gfêtmegs, ad g`memg g c mbstcbemc ad fgs mbtdrdscags sgfmemtcrã c fc Hurmsameemõb egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvc, fc adefcrcemõb huamemcf ad dxtmbemõb ad ub pcrtmag pgfêtmeg qud sd dbeudbtrd db cfkubc ad fcs smkumdbtds smtucemgbds8 c) Bg ncidr cacptcag sus dstctutgs c fcs fdyds qud rdsuftdb ad cpfmecemõb db fgs pfczgs qud ístcs prdvdcb db ecac ecsg. i) Bg ncidr egbvgecag df õrkcbg egjpdtdbtd pcrc fc rdbgvcemõb ad fgs õrkcbgs ad kgimdrbg y rdprdsdbtcemõb trcbseurrmag df agifd adf pfczg prdvmstg db df crtêeufg 5.9, fdtrc m).
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damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
e) Bg ncidr prdsdbtcag sus eudbtcs cbucfds aurcbtd 5 dhdrememgs egbsdeutmvgs g euctrg cftdrbgs, smb pdrhumemg ad fcs rdspgbscimfmacads qud puamdrcb adrmvcrsd ad fc `cftc ad prdsdbtcemõb ad fcs eudbtcs. 9. Egb ecrãetdr prdvmg, df Ydkmstrg ad _crtmags cpdremimrã cf pcrtmag pgfêtmeg qud mbeurrc db cfkubc ad fcs smtucemgbds adsermtcs pcrc qud, db df pfczg ad 0 jdsds, prgedac c hustm`mecr imdb qud nc rdcfmzcag fc cacptcemõb ad sus dstctutgs c fc fdy, imdb qud nc rdbgvcag sus õrkcbgs ad kgimdrbg y rdprdsdbtcemõb, imdb qud nc prdsdbtcag fcs eudbtcs cbucfds ad tgags fgs dhdrememgs qud tdbkc pdbamdbtds, g db su ecsg, tgag fg cbtdrmgr. Qrcbseurrmag dstd pfczg smb qud df pcrtmag pgfêtmeg ncyc rdcfmzcag fcs cetucemgbds adsermtcs, df Ydkmstrg ad _crtmags mbmemcrã df prgedamjmdbtg prdvmstg db df cpcrtcag cbtdrmgr. 5. _crc fc adefcrcemõb huamemcf ad dxtmbemõb ad ub pcrtmag pgfêtmeg sd sdkumrã fg amspudstg db df crtêeufg 39; qumbqumds ad fc Fdy 9=/3==>, ad 35 ad hufmg, rdkufcagrc ad fc Hurmsameemõb Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvc. 1. Fc adefcrcemõb huamemcf ad dxtmbemõb surtmrã d`detgs adsad su cbgtcemõb db df Ydkmstrg ad _crtmags _gfêtmegs, prdvmc bgtm`mecemõb d`detucac pgr df õrkcbg huamemcf.
A. Huzkcag Edbtrcf ad Jdbgrds Db fc vmffc ad Jcarma, egb hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc, ncirã ub Huzkcag Edbtrcf ad Jdbgrds, qud egbgedrã ad fcs ecuscs qud fd ctrmiuyc fc fdkmsfcemõb rdkufcagrc ad fc rdspgbscimfmaca pdbcf ad fgs jdbgrds, csê egjg ad fc djmsmõb y fc dhdeuemõb ad fgs mbstrujdbtgs ad rdegbgemjmdbtg jutug ad rdsgfuemgbds pdbcfds db fc Tbmõb Durgpdc qud fd ctrmiuyc fc fdy. Fc pfcbtc adf Huzkcag Edbtrcf ad Jdbgrds y ad fgs Huzkcags ad Jdbgrds ds fc dstcifdemac db df cbdxg ^M ad fc Fdy 5>/3=>>, ad 9> ad amemdjird, ad Adjcrecemõb y ad _fcbtc Huamemcf. Df Huzkcag Edbtrcf ad Jdbgrds adidrã sdr sdrvmag pgr Jckmstrcags.
D. Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc Db fc vmffc ad Jcarma, egb hurmsameemõb db tgac Dspcóc, ncirã ubg g vcrmgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc qud tdbarãb fcs `ubemgbds hurmsameemgbcfds prdvmstcs db fc Fdy Kdbdrcf _dbmtdbemcrmc jctdrmc ad dhdeuemõb ad pdbcs prmvctmvcs ad fmidrtca y jdamacs ad sdkurmaca, djmsmõb y dhdeuemõb ad fgs mbstrujdbtgs ad rdegbgemjmdbtg jutug ad rdsgfuemgbds pdbcfds db fc Tbmõb Durgpdc qud fds ctrmiuyc fc fdy, egbtrgf hurmsameemgbcf ad fc pgtdstca amsempfmbcrmc ad fcs cutgrmacads pdbmtdbemcrmcs, cjpcrg ad fgs adrdengs y idbd`memgs ad fgs mbtdrbgs db fgs dstcifdemjmdbtgs pdbmtdbemcrmgs y adjãs qud sdócfd fc fdy, db rdfcemõb egb fgs adfmtgs egjpdtdbemc ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf. Db tgag ecsg, fc egjpdtdbemc ad dstgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds sdrã prd`drdbtd y dxefuydbtd eucbag df pdbcag eujpfc tcjimíb gtrcs egbadbcs qud bg nuimdsdb smag mjpudstcs pgr fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf. Fc pfcbtc ad fgs Huzkcags Edbtrcfds ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc y ad fgs Huzkcags ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc, db ríkmjdb ad dxefusmvmaca ad `ubemgbds, g egjpctmimfmzcbag egb fcs adf gradb ad hurmsameemõb pdbcf, ds fc dstcifdemac db df cbdxg ^ ad fc Fdy 5>/3=>>, ad 9> ad amemdjird, ad Adjcrecemõb y ad _fcbtc Huamemcf.
3.4 Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc C. Mbtrgaueemõb Fc Fdy Grkãbmec adf _gadr Huamemcf, ad 3 ad hufmg ad 3=>4, surkmõ sdkøb su Dxpgsmemõb ad Jgtmvgs, dbtrd gtrcs rczgbds, cbtd fc mbdfuamifd d mbcpfczcifd bdedsmaca ad cegjgacr fc grkcbmzcemõb adf _gadr Huamemcf c fcs prdvmsmgbds egbstmtuemgbcfds.
damtgrmcf } edp
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
Uciêc qud Qcbtg fc Egbstmtuemõb egjg fgs Dstctutgs prdvíb fc dxmstdbemc ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc qud, sdkøb df crt. 349 ED, eufjmbc fc grkcbmzcemõb huamemcf db df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc.
Fc Egbstmtuemõb trcbs`grjõ fc amstrmiuemõb tdrrmtgrmcf adf pgadr adf Dstcag, tcjimíb adf hurmsameemgbcf, egb fcs Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs. Fc dxmstdbemc ad Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs, qud tmdbdb csmkbcacs pgr fc Egbstmtuemõb y fgs Dstctutgs ad Cutgbgjêc egjpdtdbemcs db rdfcemõb egb fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc, gifmkc c jgam`mecr fc fdkmsfcemõb vmkdbtd cf rdspdetg. Qcbtg fc Egbstmtuemõb egjg fgs Dstctutgs prdvíb fc dxmstdbemc ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc qud, sdkøb df crt. 349 ED, eufjmbc fc grkcbmzcemõb huamemcf db df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc.
I. Egbedptg Ud trctc ad õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds egfdkmcags qud eufjmbcb fc grkcbmzcemõb huamemcf db df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc (smb pdrhumemg ad fc hurmsameemõb qud egrrdspgbad cf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg), ad fc qud tgjcb df bgjird, y c euyg ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf dxtmdbadb su hurmsameemõb (crts. ;? y ;3 FG_H).
E. Ydkufcemõb - Db fc ED, crt. 349.3, pãrrc`g pãrrc`g 9¸, qud sdócfc8 ‖Tb Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc, smb pdrhumemg ad fc hurmsameemõb qud egrrdspgbad cf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg, eufjmbcrã fc grkcbmzcemõb huamemcf db df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. Db fgs Dstctutgs ad fcs Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs pgarãb dstcifdedrsd fgs supudstgs y fcs `grjcs ad pcrtmempcemõb ad cquíffcs db fc grkcbmzcemõb ad fcs adjcrecemgbds huamemcfdss adf tdrrmtgrm huamemcfd tdrrmtgrmg. g. Qgag dffg ad egb`grjma egb`grjmaca ca egb fg prdvmstg db fc FG_H y adbtrg ad fc ubmaca d mbadpdbadbemc ad ístd. Umb pdrhumemg ad fg amspudstg db df crt. 395, fcs suedsmvcs mbstcbemcs prgedscfds, db su ecsg, sd ckgtcrãb cbtd õrkcbgs huamemcfds rcamecags db df jmsjg tdrrmtgrmg ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc db qud dstí df õrkcbg egjpdtdbtd db fc prmjdrc mbstcbemc‚. - Db fc FG_H8 db df Ecpêtufg MMM adf Qêtufg MP adf Fmirg M (crts. ;? c ;=). - Db fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf.
A. Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemcs c. Egjpgsmemõb
Df Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc dstcrã mbtdkrcag pgr ub _rdsmadbtd, qud fg sdrã tcjimíb ad su Ucfc ad fg Emvmf y _dbcf, ad fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y ad fgs Jckmstrcags qud adtdrjmbd fc Fdy pcrc ecac ubc ad fcs Ucfcs y, db su ecsg, ad fcs Udeemgbds qud pudacb erdcrsd adbtrg ad dffc.
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Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
Uu _rdsmadbtd sd bgjirc pgr ub pdrêgag ad 4 cógs, c prgpudstc adf EK_H dbtrd Jckmstrcags qud nuimdrcb prdstcag 3? cógs ad sdrvmemgs db fc ectdkgrêc, fg nuimdrdb sgfmemtcag y ffdvdb cf jdbgs 34 cógs pdrtdbdemdbag c fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf (Fdy Grkãbmec ;/3==9, ad 9? ad bgvmdjird, adscrrgffcac pgr YA 3>3/3==5, ad = ad `dirdrg). Fcs Ucfcs qud fg egjpgbdb sgb8 - Ucfc ad fg Emvmf y _dbcf - Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg - Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf Cadjãs, sd dstcifded db fc FG_H qud egjpgbdb df Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc8 3) Tbc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg egbstmtumac pgr pgr fgs _rdsmadbtds ad fcs Ucfcs db dffgs dxmstdbtds, pgr fgs _rdsmadbtds ad fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc y pgr ub bøjdrg mkucf ad Jckmstrcags y Hudeds dfdkmags pgr tgags fgs jmdjirgs ad fc Ecrrdrc Huamemcf adstmbcags db dffc. Tbg cf jdbgs ad fgs egjpgbdbtds ad fc Ucfc sdrã ad fc ectdkgrêc ad Hudz, scfvg qud bg nuimdrc ecbamactgs ad amenc ectdkgrêc. Qcjimíb tdbarãb fc egbsmadrcemõb ad jmdjirgs fgs Adecbgs qud ncycb smag tgtcfjdbtd fmidrcags adf trcichg qud fds egrrdspgbad rdcfmzcr db df gradb hurmsameemgbcf rdspdetmvg. Eucbag df bøjdrg ad jmdjirgs ad fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg dxedac ad 3?, sd egbstmtumrãb db _fdbg g Egjmsmõb. 9) Tbc Ucfc Dspdemcf, egbstmtumac pgr df _rdsmadbtd adf Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc y df Jckmstrcag jãs jgadrbg ad ecac ubc ad dffcs egbgedrã ad fcs rdeuscemgbds `grjufcacs egbtrc df _rdsmadbtd, fgs _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfc g ad Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds egb sdad db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc g ad ags g jãs Jckmstrcags ad ubc Ucfc g Udeemõb g ad ubc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf. i. Dstrueturc tdrrmtgrmcf
Fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc tgjcrãb df bgjird ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc y dxtdbadrãb su hurmsameemõb cf ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad cquíffc, cubqud, eucbag fcs emreubstcbemcs fg cegbsdhdb, pgarãb erdcrsd Ucfcs ad fg Ugemcf y ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg egb hurmsameemõb fmjmtcac c ubc g vcrmcs prgvmbemcs ad fc jmsjc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. Qmdbdb su sdad db fc emuaca qud mbamqud df rdspdetmvg Dstctutg ad Cutgbgjêc, y sm bg fg mbamecrd, agbad tuvmdrc su sdad fc Cuamdbemc Qdrrmtgrmcf c fc dbtrcac db vmkgr ad fc FG_H, y eucbag bg dxmstmdrc egb cbtdrmgrmaca, db fc ecpmtcf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. Egjg sdócfcjgs cbtdrmgrjdbtd, eucbag fcs emreubstcbemcs fg dxmhcb, pudadb erdcrsd Ucfcs ad fg Ugemcf y ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg egb hurmsameemõb fmjmtcac c ubc g vcrmcs prgvmbemcs ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc< ds df ecsg qud sd rdegkd db df crt. 9 ad fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf. • Db Cbacfueêc
- Fcs Ucfcs ad ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg y ad fg Ugemcf egb sdad db Udvmffc tmdbdb hurmsameemõb sgird fcs prgvmbemcs ad Eãamz, Eõragic, Nudfvc y Udvmffc. - Fcs qud tmdbdb su sdad db Krcbcac Krcbcac dxtmdbadb su su hurmsameemõb hurmsameemõb sgird fcs prgvmbemcs ad ad Krcbcac, Cfjdrêc y Hcíb. - Fcs qud tmdbdb tmdbdb su sdad db Jãfckc, sgird sgird su prgvmbemc. • Db Ecstmffc-Fdõb
- Fcs Ucfcs ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg y ad fg Ugemcf Ugemcf egb sdad db Pcffcagfma tmdbdb hurmsameemõb sgird fcs prgvmbemcs ad Fdõb, _cfdbemc, Ucfcjcbec, Pcffcagfma y Xcjgrc. damtgrmcf } edp
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
- Fcs qud tmdbdb su sdad db Iurkgs tmdbdb hurmsameemõb sgird fcs prgvmbemcs ad Ãvmfc, Iurkgs, Udkgvmc y Ugrmc. • Db Ecbcrmcs
- Fcs Ucfcs ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg y ad fg Ugemcf egb sdad db fcs _cfjcs ad Krcb Krcb Ecbcrmc dxtmdbadb su hurmsameemõb sgird fc prgvmbemc ad Fcs _cfjcs. - Fcs qud tmdbdb su sdad db Ucbtc Eruz ad Qdbdrm`d, sgird su prgvmbemc. • Edutc y Jdfmffc
Dstcs emuacads qudacb mbtdkrcacs db fc emreubsermpemõb tdrrmtgrmcf adf Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc ad Cbacfueêc. e. @ubemgbds • Fc Ucfc ad fg Emvmf y _dbcf
Egbgedrã (crt. ;5 FG_H)8 Egjg Ucfc ad fg Emvmf
- Adf rdeursg ad ecscemõb qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy egbtrc rdsgfuemgbds ad õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds adf gradb emvmf egb sdad db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc, smdjprd qud df rdeursg sd `ubad db mb`rceemõb ad bgrjcs adf Adrdeng Emvmf, @grcf g Dspdemcf prgpmg ad fc Egjubmaca, y eucbag df egrrdspgbamdbtd Dstctutg ad Cutgbgjêc ncyc prdvmstg dstc ctrmiuemõb. - Adf rdeursg dxtrcgrambcrmg ad rdvmsmõb qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy egbtrc sdbtdbemcs ametcacs pgr õrkcbgs õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds adf gradb emvmf egb sdad db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc db jctdrmc ad Adrdeng Emvmf, @grcf g Dspdemcf prgpmg ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc, sm df egrrdspgbamdbtd Dstctutg ad Cutgbgjêc nc prdvmstg dstc ctrmiuemõb. - Ad fcs `ubemgbds ad ad cpgyg y egbtrgf adf crimtrchd qud sd dstcifdzecb db fc fdy, csê egjg ad ad fcs pdtmemgbds ad dxdquãtur ad fcuags g rdsgfuemgbds crimtrcfds dxtrcbhdrgs, c bg sdr qud, egb crrdkfg c fg cegracag db fgs trctcags g fcs bgrjcs ad fc Tbmõb Durgpdc, egrrdspgbac su egbgemjmdbtg c gtrg Huzkcag g Qrmiubcf. Egbgedrã mkucfjdbtd dstc Ucfc8 - Db øbmec mbstcbemc, mbstcbemc, ad fcs adjcbacs ad rdspgbscimfmaca emvmf pgr ndengs egjdtmags egjdtmags db df dhdrememg ad sus ecrkgs, amrmkmacs egbtrc df _rdsmadbtd y jmdjirgs adf Kgimdrbg ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc y egbtrc fgs jmdjirgs ad fc Cscjifdc Fdkmsfctmvc, eucbag tcf ctrmiuemõb bg egrrdspgbac, sdkøb fgs Dstctutgs ad Cutgbgjêc, cf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. - Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fcs adjcbacs ad rdspgbscimfmaca rdspgbscimfmaca emvmf emvmf pgr ndengs egjdtmags egjdtmags db df dhdrememg ad su ecrkg, egbtrc tgags g fc jcygr pcrtd ad fgs Jckmstrcags ad ubc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf g ad eucfqumdrc ad sus Udeemgbds. - Ad fcs eudstmgbds eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc egjpdtdbemc dbtrd õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds hurmsameemgbcfds adf gradb emvmf egb sdad db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc qud bg tdbkcb gtrg supdrmgr egjøb. Egjg Ucfc ad fg _dbcf
Egrrdspgbad c dstc Ucfc8 - Df egbgemjmdbtg ad fcs ecuscs ecuscs pdbcfds qud fgs Dstctutgs Dstctutgs ad cutgbgjêc cutgbgjêc rdsdrvcb cf egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc.
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damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
- Fc mbstrueemõb y df `cffg ad fcs ecuscs pdbcfds egbtrc Hudeds, Jckmstrcags y jmdjirgs adf Jmbmstdrmg @msecf pgr adfmtgs g `cftcs egjdtmags db df dhdrememg ad su ecrkg db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc, smdjprd qud dstc ctrmiuemõb bg egrrdspgbac cf Qrmiubcf Uuprdjg. - Df egbgemjmdbtg egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs rdeursgs ad cpdfcemõb egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs ametcacs db prmjdrc mbstcbemc pgr fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds, csê egjg df ad tgags cqudffgs prdvmstgs pgr fcs fdyds - Fc ademsmõb ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc dbtrd õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds hurmsameemgbcfds adf gradb gradb pdbcf egb sdad db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc qud bg tdbkcb gtrg supdrmgr egjøb. - Ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs prgedamjmdbtgs ad adegjmsg cutõbgjg cutõbgjg pgr fgs adfmtgs pcrc euyg egbgemjmdbtg sdcb egjpdtdbtds. _crc fc mbstrueemõb ad fcs ecuscs c qud sd rd`mdrdb fgs ags prmjdrgs pubtgs adf pãrrc`g cbtdrmgr sd adsmkbcrã ad dbtrd fgs jmdjirgs ad fc Ucfc, egb`grjd c ub turbg prddstcifdemag, ub mbstruetgr qud bg `grjcrã pcrtd ad fc jmsjc pcrc dbhumemcrfcs. Db df ecsg ad qud df bøjdrg ad csubtgs fg cegbsdhd, pgarãb erdcrsd ubc g jãs Udeemgbds d mbefusg Ucfc ad fg _dbcf egb su prgpmc emreubsermpemõb tdrrmtgrmcf db cqudffcs ecpmtcfds qud yc sdcb sdads ad gtrcs Ucfcs adf Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr, c fgs sgfgs d`detgs ad egbgedr fgs rdeursgs ad cpdfcemõb c fgs qud sd rd`mdrd fc fdtrc e) adf cpcrtcag 5 ad dstd crtêeufg y cqudffcs gtrcs cpdfcemgbds ctrmiumacs pgr fcs fdyds cf Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc. Fgs bgjircjmdbtgs pcrc Jckmstrcags ad dstcs Udeemgbds g Ucfcs, c prgpudstc adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, rdecdrãb db cqudffgs Jckmstrcags qud, gstdbtcbag fc egbamemõb ad dspdemcfmstc db df gradb pdbcf gitdbmac jdamcbtd fc supdrcemõb ad fcs prudics sdfdetmvcs qud rdkfcjdbtcrmcjdbtd adtdrjmbd df Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf, tdbkcb jdhgr pudstg db su dsecfc`õb. C `cftc ad ístgs, rdecdrã db cqudffgs Jckmstrcags qud ncimdbag prdstcag sus sdrvmemgs db df gradb hurmsameemgbcf pdbcf aurcbtd amdz cógs adbtrg ad fgs qumbed cógs mbjdamctcjdbtd cbtdrmgrds c fc `denc ad fc egbvgectgrmc, tdbkcb jdhgr pudstg db df dsecfc`õb. Fc cbtmködaca db õrkcbgs jmxtgs sd egjputcrã ad mkucf jcbdrc c dstgs d`detgs. Db su ad`detg, sd bgjircrã c qumdb gstdbtd jdhgr pudstg db df dsecfc`õb. • Fc Ucfc Ucfc ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg
Ad egb`grjmaca egb df crt. ;1 ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec adf _gadr Huamemcf8 3¸ Fcs Ucfcs ad fgs Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc egbgedrãb, db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs rdeursgs qud sd adauzecb db rdfcemõb egb8 - Fgs cetgs cetgs ad fcs Dbtmacads Dbtmacads fgecfds y ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds ad fcs Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs, Cutõbgjcs, euyg egbgemjmdbtg bg dstí ctrmiumag c fgs Huzkcags ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg. - Fcs amspgsmemgbds amspgsmemgbds kdbdrcfds djcbcacs ad ad fcs Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs y ad fcs Dbtmacads Dbtmacads Fgecfds. - Fgs cetgs cetgs y amspgsmemgbds amspgsmemgbds ad fgs õrkcbgs ad kgimdrbg ad fcs Cscjifdcs fdkmsfctmvcs ad ad fcs EgjuEgjubmacads Cutõbgjcs y ad fcs mbstmtuemgbds cutgbõjmecs cbãfgkcs cf Qrmiubcf ad Eudbtcs y cf Ad`dbsgr adf _udifg, db jctdrmc ad pdrsgbcf, cajmbmstrcemõb y kdstmõb pctrmjgbmcf. - Fgs cetgs cetgs y rdsgfuemgbds ametcags ametcags pgr fgs Qrmiubcfds Degbõjmeg-Cajmbmstrctmvg Degbõjmeg-Cajmbmstrctmvgss Ydkmgbcfds y Fgecfds qud pgbkcb `mb c fc vêc degbõjmeg-cajmbmstrctmvc. - Fcs rdsgfuemgbds rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs ametcacs db cfzcac pgr pgr df Qrmiubcf Degbõjmeg-Cajmbmstrctmvg Degbõjmeg-Cajmbmstrctmvg Edbtrcf db jctdrmc ad trmiutgs edamags. - Fgs cetgs cetgs y amspgsmemgbds ad ad fcs Hubtcs Dfdetgrcfds _rgvmbemcfds y ad Egjubmacads Egjubmacads Cutõbgjcs, csê egjg fgs rdeursgs egbtdbemgsg-dfdetgrcfds egbtrc ceudrags ad fcs Hubtcs Dfdetgrcfds sgird
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Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
9¸ 5¸ 1¸ 4¸ 0¸
prgefcjcemõb ad dfdetgs y prgefcjcemõb ad _rdsmadbtds ad Egrpgrcemgbds fgecfds db fgs tírjmbgs ad fc fdkmsfcemõb dfdetgrcf. - Fgs egbvdbmgs egbvdbmgs dbtrd Cajmbmstrcemgbds _øifmecs euycs egjpdtdbemcs sd dhdrzcb db df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf ad fc egrrdspgbamdbtd Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. - Fc prgnmimemõb prgnmimemõb g fc prgpudstc prgpudstc ad jgam`mecemõb ad rdubmgbds prdvmstcs db fc Fdy Grkãbmec rdkufcagrc adf Adrdeng ad Ydubmõb. - Fgs cetgs y rdsgfuemgbds ametcags ametcags pgr õrkcbgs ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag euyc egjpdtdbemc sd dxtmdbac c tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf y euyg bmvdf grkãbmeg sdc mb`drmgr c Jmbmstrg g Uderdtcrmg ad Dstcag, db jctdrmcs ad pdrsgbcf, prgpmdacads dspdemcfds y dxprgpmcemõb `grzgsc. - Eucfdsqumdrc gtrcs cetucemgbds cetucemgbds cajmbmstrctmvcs cajmbmstrctmvcs bg ctrmiumacs dxprdscjdbtd c fc egjpdtdbemc egjpdtdbemc ad gtrgs õrkcbgs ad dstd gradb hurmsameemgbcf. Egbgedrãb db sdkubac mbstcbemc, ad fcs fcs cpdfcemgbds prgjgvmacs egbtrc egbtrc Udbtdbemcs y Cutgs ametcags ametcags pgr fgs Huzkcags ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg y ad fgs egrrdspgbamdbtds Ydeursgs ad Sudhc. Qcjimíb fds egrrdspgbad, egb crrdkfg c fg dstcifdemag dstcifdemag db dstc Fdy, df egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs Ydeursgs Ydeursgs ad Ydvmsmõb egbtrc fcs sdbtdbemcs `mrjds ad fgs Huzkcags ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg. Egbgedrãb ad fcs Eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc dbtrd fgs fgs Huzkcags ad fg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvg egb sdad db fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. Egbgedrãb adf Ydeursg ad Ecscemõb pcrc fc ubm`mecemõb ubm`mecemõb ad agetrmbc db fgs ecsgs prdvmstgs db fc Fdy rdkufcagrc ad fc Hurmsameemõb Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvc. Egbgedrãb adf Ydeursg ad Ecscemõb db mbtdrís ad fc Fdy db fgs ecsgs ecsgs prdvmstgs db fc Fdy rdkufcagrc ad fc Hurmsameemõb Egbtdbemgsg-cajmbmstrctmvc.
• Fc Ucfc ad fg Ugemcf
Egbgedrã (crt. ;4 FG_H)8 3¸ Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs prgedsgs prgedsgs qud fc Fdy dstcifdzec sgird egbtrgvdrsmcs egbtrgvdrsmcs qud c`detdb c mbtdrdsds ad fgs trcichcagrds y djprdscrmgs db ãjimtg supdrmgr cf ad ub Huzkcag ad fg Ugemcf y bg supdrmgr cf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. C dstgs d`detgs, df crt. ; ad fc Fdy 50/9?33, ad 3? ad getuird, getuird, rdkufcagrc ad fc hurmsameemõb sgemcf dstcdstc ifded qud egbgedrã ad fgs prgedsgs qud qud sd rd`mdrcb c fcs smkumdbtds eudstmgbds8 c) Db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad ad fgs prgedsgs sgird fcs eudstmgbds c qud sd rd`mdrdb fcs fdtrcs `), k), n), h), l) y f) adf crtêeufg 9 eucbag dxtmdbacb sus d`detgs c ub ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf supdrmgr cf ad fc emreubsermpemõb ad ub Huzkcag ad fg Ugemcf y bg supdrmgr cf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc, csê egjg ad tgags cqudffgs qud dxprdscjdbtd fds ctrmiuycb fcs fdyds. Egbgedrãb db øbmec mbstcbemc ad ad fgs prgedsgs ad adspmag adspmag egfdetmvg egfdetmvg mjpukbcags mjpukbcags pgr pgr fgs rdprdsdbtcbtds ad fgs trcichcagrds ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db fgs cpcrtcags 3 c 3? adf crtêeufg 391 ad dstc Fdy, eucbag dxtmdbacb sus d`detgs c ub ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf bg supdrmgr cf ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. Csmjmsjg, egbgedrãb db øbmec mbstcbemc ad fgs prgedsgs ad g`memg g`memg prdvmstgs db fc fdtrc i) adf crtêeufg 31> ad dstc Fdy y ad fgs prgedsgs ad mjpukbcemõb ad fcs rdsgfuemgbds cajmbmstrctmvcs rdecêacs db fgs prgedamjmdbtgs prdvmstgs db df cpcrtcag ; adf crtêeufg 43 adf Qdxtg Yd`ubamag ad fc Fdy adf Dstctutg ad fgs Qrcichcagrds, cprgicag pgr Ydcf Aderdtg Fdkmsfctmvg 3/3==4, ad 91 ad jcrzg, ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db df crtêeufg 343 ad dstc Fdy, eucbag df ceudrag g cetg
501
damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
cajmbmstrctmvg mjpukbcag dxtmdbacb sus d`detgs c ub ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf bg supdrmgr cf ad ubc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. i) Qcjimíb db øbmec mbstcbemc, ad fgs prgedsgs ad mjpukbcemõb ad cetgs ad fcs Cajmbmstrcemgbds pøifmecs ctrmiumags cf gradb hurmsameemgbcf sgemcf db fcs fdtrcs b) y s) adf crtêeufg 9, eucbag ncycb smag ametcags pgr df Egbsdhg ad Kgimdrbg ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc g pgr õrkcbgs ad fc Cajmbmstrcemõb Kdbdrcf adf Dstcag egb bmvdf grkãbmeg ad Jmbmstrg g Uderdtcrmg ad Dstcag, smdjprd qud, db dstd øftmjg ecsg, df cetg ncyc egb`mrjcag, db vêc ad rdeursg g db prgedamjmdbtg ad `msecfmzcemõb g tutdfc, fgs qud ncycb smag ametcags pgr õrkcbgs g dbtds amstmbtgs egb egjpdtdbemc db tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf. e) Ad fgs rdeursgs ad supfmecemõb supfmecemõb dstcifdemags db dstc Fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs pgr fgs Huzkcags ad fg Ugemcf ad su emreubsermpemõb. emreubsermpemõb. a) Ad fgs rdeursgs ad supfmecemõb egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs hudeds ad fg jdrecbtmf prdvmstgs db fgs crtêeufgs 01.> y 3=;.> ad fc Fdy Egbeurscf. d) Ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc egjpdtdbemc qud sd susemtdb dbtrd fgs Huzkcags Huzkcags ad fg Ugemcf ad ad su emreubsermpemõb. 9¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs ametcacs pgr fgs Huzkcags ad fg Ugemcf ad fc egjubmaca cutõbgjc, csê egjg ad fgs rdeursgs ad supfmecemõb y fgs adjãs qud prdví fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs huzkcags ad fg jdrecbtmf ad fc egjubmaca cutõbgjc db jctdrmc fcigrcf, y fcs qud rdsudfvcb fgs mbemadbtds egbeurscfds qud vdrsdb sgird fc jmsjc jctdrmc. 5¸ Ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc qud qud sd susemtdb dbtrd fgs Huzkcags ad fg Ugemcf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc. Ecac Ucfc egbgedrã, egbgedrã, cadjãs, ad ad fcs rdeuscemgbds qud sd `grjufdb egbtrc sus Jckmstrcags Jckmstrcags eucbag eucbag fc egjpdtdbemc bg egrrdspgbac c fc Ucfc dspdemcf.
QYMITBCF UT_DYMGY AD HTUQMEMC - Õrkcbg egfdkmcag - Eufjmbc fc grkcbmzcemõb huamemcf db df ãjimtg tdrrmtgrm tdrrmtgrmcf cf ad fc Egjubmaca Cutõbgjc, ad fc qud tgjcb df bgjird - Mbtdkrcag pgr ub ub _rdsmadbtd, _rdsmadbtd, _rdsmadbtds _rdsmadbtds ad Ucfcs y Jckmstrca Jckmstrcags gs - Qrds Ucfcs, ubc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg y ubc Ucfc Dspdemcf
3.0 Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds C. Egbedptg Ugb õrkcbgs hurmsameemgbcfds egfdkmcags, egb sdad db fc ecpmtcf ad fc prgvmbemc, ad fc qud tgjcb su bgjird, y egb hurmsameemõb sgird dffc. Uõfg tmdbdb egjpdtdbemc db df ãjimtg adf gradb pdbcf y adf gradb emvmf. _garãb erdcrsd Udeemgbds ad fc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf `udrc ad fc ecpmtcf ad fc _rgvmbemc, c fc qud qudacrãb casermtgs ubg g vcrmgs pcrtmags huamemcfds. Db tgag ecsg, y prdvmg mb`grjd ad fc egrrdspgbamdbtd Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg, df Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf pgarã cegracr qud qud df egbgemjmdbtg ad adtdrjmbcacs efcsds ad csubtgs sd ctrmiuyc db dxefusmvc c ubc sdeemõb ad fc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf, qud dxtdbadrã smdjprd su egjpdtdbemc c tgag su ãjimtg tdrrmtgrmcf cub eucbag dxmstmdrdb sdeemgbds adspfczcacs. Dstd ceudrag sd puifmecrã db df ‖Igfdtêb G`memcf adf Dstcag‚. damtgrmcf } edp
504
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
I. Ydkufcemõb - Db fc FG_H8 Ecpêtufg Ecpêtufg MP adf Qêtufg MP adf Fmirg M (crts. >? c >5). - Db fc Fdy ad Adjcrecemõb y _fcbtc Huamemcf.
E. Egjpgsmemõb Fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds sd egjpgbarãb ad ub _rdsmadbtd y ags g jãs jckmstrcags. Qcjimíb pgarãb dstcr mbtdkrcacs pgr ags g jãs Udeemgbds ad fc jmsjc egjpgsmemõb, db euyg ecsg df _rdsmadbtd ad fc Cuamdbemc prdsmamrã ubc ad fcs Udeemgbds qud adtdrjmbcrã cf prmbempmg ad su jcbactg. Eucbag df dsecsg bøjdrg ad csubtgs ad qud egbgzec ubc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf fg cegbsdhd, pgarã egbstcr su pfcbtmffc ad ubg c ags jckmstrcags, mbefumag df _rdsmadbtd. Db dstd ecsg, fc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf sd egjpfdtcrã pcrc df dbhumemcjmdbtg y `cffg, y eucbag fc bcturcfdzc ad fc rdsgfuemõb c ametcr fg dxmhc, egb df bøjdrg ad jckmstrcags qud sd prdemsdb adf Qrmiubcf Uupdrmgr ad Hustmemc. C dstgs d`detgs, fc Ucfc ad Kgimdrbg dstcifdedrã ub turbg pcrc ecac cóg huamemcf. Adf jmsjg jgag, eucbag csê fg cegbsdhd fc jdhgr Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc, fcs Udeemgbds ad fc Cuamdbemc pgarãb dstcr `grjcacs pgr euctrg g jãs jckmstrcags. Fc casermpemõb ad fgs jckmstrcags c fcs amstmbtcs sdeemgbds tdbarã ecrãetdr `ubemgbcf eucbag bg dstuvmdrdb sdpcrcacs pgr gradb hurmsameemgbcf g pgr dspdemcfmaca. Um fg dstuvmdrdb, fc casermpemõb sdrã `ubemgbcf dxefusmvcjdbtd adbtrg ad fcs adf jmsjg gradb g dspdemcfmaca.
A. Egjpdtdbemcs c. Db df gradb pdbcf
Fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds egbgedrãb db df gradb pdbcf8 3¸ Ad fcs ecuscs pgr adfmtg, c dxedpemõb dxedpemõb ad fcs qud fc fdy ctrmiuyd cf egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs Huzkcags ad fg _dbcf g ad gtrgs Qrmiubcfds prdvmstgs db fc FG_H. 9¸. Ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs pgr fgs Huzkcags ad Mbstrueemõb y ad fg _dbcf ad fc prgvmbemc. _crc df egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs rdeursgs egbtrc egbtrc rdsgfuemgbds rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs Huzkcags Huzkcags ad Mbstrueemõb db humemgs pgr adfmtgs fdvds fc Cuamdbemc sd egbstmtumrã egb ub sgfg Jckmstrcag, jdamcbtd ub turbg ad rdpcrtg. 5.¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds db jctdrmc pdbcf ametcacs pgr fgs Huzkcags ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr ad fc prgvmbemc. C `mb ad `cemfmtcr df egbgemjmdbtg ad dstgs rdeursgs, y ctdbamdbag cf bøjdrg ad csubtgs dxmstdbtds, adidrãb dspdemcfmzcrsd ubc g vcrmcs ad sus sdeemgbds ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db df crt. => ad fc prdsdbtd Fdy Grkãbmec. Dstc dspdemcfmzcemõb sd dxtdbadrã c cqudffgs supudstgs db qud egrrdspgbac c fc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf df dbhumemcjmdbtg db prmjdrc mbstcbemc ad csubtgs mbstrumags pgr fgs Huzkcags ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr ad fc prgvmbemc. 1.¸ Fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds egbgedrãb tcjimíb ad fgs rdeursgs egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs Huzkcags ad Jdbgrds egb sdad db fc prgvmbemc y ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc dbtrd fgs jmsjgs. 4¸ Ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec dstcifdzec fc Fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs Huzkcags Huzkcags ad Pmkmfcbemc _dbmtdbemcrmc, eucbag fc egjpdtdbemc bg egrrdspgbac c fc Ucfc ad fg _dbcf ad fc Cuamdbemc Bcemgbcf. 0.¸ Ad fgs prgedamjmdbtgs ad adegjmsg cutõbgjg pgr fgs adfmtgs pcrc euyg egbgemjmdbtg sdcb egjpdtdbtds.
500
damtgrmcf } edp
Grkcbmzcemõb y egjpdtdbemc ad õrkcbgs huamemcfds (M)
Jdamcbtd ceudrag adf _fdbg adf Egbsdhg Kdbdrcf adf _gadr Huamemcf ad 94 ad jcyg ad 9??4, y db icsd c fc prdvmsmõb dstcifdemac db df pãrrc`g cbtdrmgr, sd adtdrjmbõ fc cprgicemõb ad fgs ermtdrmgs ad dspdemcfmzcemõb ad fcs Udeemgbds _dbcfds y Emvmfds ad fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds db df egbgemjmdbtg ad fc jctdrmc rdfctmvc c fc Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr, db fgs tírjmbgs ad fc Fdy Grkãbmec 3/9??1, ad 9> ad amemdjird, ad _rgtdeemõb Mbtdkrcf egbtrc fc Pmgfdbemc ad Kíbdrg, amspgbmíbagsd cf rdspdetg8 Db fc Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds egb hurmsameemõb sdpcrcac sd ctrmiumrã df egbgemjmdbtg db dxefusmvc ad fcs egjpdtdbemcs adrmvcacs ad fc Fdy ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc juhdr c fc Udeemõb pdbcf qud nc smag prgpudstc pgr fgs mb`grjds ad fcs Ucfcs ad Kgimdrbg ad fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc y, db su ad`detg, c fc Udeemõb _dbcf ad jãs jgadrbc erdcemõb. Db cqudffcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds agbad db hubmg adf cóg 9??4 sd erdc ubc budvc Udeemõb _dbcf, sdrã ístc fc qud sd dspdemcfmed db dstc jctdrmc. Db cquíffcs db fcs qud sd erdc ubc budvc Udeemõb _dbcf db amemdjird ad 9??4, sdrã ístc fc qud sd dspdemcfmed db fc mbamecac jctdrmc, ubc vdz erdcac. _rgvmsmgbcfjdbtd, sd dspdemcfmzcrã fc ad jãs rdemdbtd erdcemõb, ncstc qud fc budvc Udeemõb egjmdbed su cetmvmaca, prdvmg trãjmtd ad cuamdbemc c dstd rdspdetg c fcs Ucfcs ad Kgimdrbg. Ydspdetg c fcs Udeemgbds Emvmfds ad fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds sd ceudrac dspdemcfmzcr fcs Udeemgbds qud tdbkcb csmkbcac fc jctdrmc ad @cjmfmc, rdcfmzcbag df gpgrtubg rddqumfmirmg adf rdpcrtg. _gr fg qud rdspdetc c fcs Udeemgbds Jmxtcs ad fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds fcs egjpdtdbemcs pdbcfds adrmvcacs ad dstc Fdy sdrãb dbegjdbacacs, db ecsg ad adsceudrag db fc prgpmc Cuamdbemc, c fc Udeemõb ad jãs rdemdbtd erdcemõb. _crc df egbgemjmdbtg ad fgs rdeursgs egbtrc rdsgfuemgbds ad fgs Huzkcags ad Mbstrueemõb db humemg ad `cftcs fc Cuamdbemc sd egbstmtumrã egb ub sgfg Jckmstrcag, jdamcbtd ub turbg ad rdpcrtg. i. Db df gradb emvmf
Db df gradb emvmf egbgedrãb fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs db prmjdrc mbstcbemc pgr fgs Huzkcags ad _rmjdrc Mbstcbemc ad fc prgvmbemc. Qcjimíb egbgedrãb ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs db prmjdrc mbstcbemc pgr fgs Huzkcags ad fg Jdrecbtmf, scfvg fcs qud sd ametdb db mbemadbtds egbeurscfds qud rdsudfvcb eudstmgbds ad jctdrmc fcigrcf, adimdbag dspdemcfmzcrsd c tcf `mb ubc g vcrmcs ad sus Udeemgbds. Dstcs Udeemgbds dspdemcfmzcacs egbgedrãb tcjimíb ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs pgr fgs Huzkcags ad prmjdrc mbstcbemc db fgs prgedamjmdbtgs rdfctmvgs c egbeursgs ad pdrsgbcs `êsmecs y c ceemgbds mbamvmaucfds rdfctmvcs c egbamemgbds kdbdrcfds ad fc egbtrctcemõb. Csmjmsjg, fc Udeemõb g Udeemgbds ad fc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf ad Cfmecbtd qud sd dspdemcfmedb cf cjpcrg ad fg prdvmstg db df pãrrc`g cbtdrmgr egbgedrãb, cadjãs, db sdkubac mbstcbemc y ad `grjc dxefusmvc, ad tgags cqudffgs rdeursgs c fgs qud sd rd`mdrd rd` mdrd df crtêeufg 3?4 adf Ydkfcjdbtg (ED) b¸ 9?;/9??= adf Egbsdhg, ad 90 ad `dirdrg ad 9??=, sgird fc jcrec ad fc Tbmõb Durgpdc, y df Ydkfcjdbtg 0/9??9, adf Egbsdhg ad fc Tbmõb Durgpdc, ad 39 ad amemdjird ad 9??3, sgird fgs amiuhgs y jgadfgs egjubmtcrmgs. Db df dhdrememg ad dstc egjpdtdbemc dxtdbadrãb su hurmsameemõb c tgag df tdrrmtgrmg bcemgbcf y c dstgs sgfgs d`detgs sd adbgjmbcrãb Qrmiubcfds ad Jcrec Egjubmtcrmc. Fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds egbgedrãb, csmjmsjg, ad fgs rdeursgs qud dstcifdzec fc fdy egbtrc fcs rdsgfuemgbds ametcacs db jctdrmc emvmf pgr fgs Huzkcags ad Pmgfdbemc sgird fc Juhdr ad fc prgvmbemc. C `mb ad `cemfmtcr df egbgemjmdbtg ad dstgs rdeursgs, y ctdbamdbag cf bøjdrg ad csubtgs dxmstdbtds, d xmstdbtds, pgarãb dspdemcfmzcrsd ubc g vcrmcs ad sus sdeemgbds ad egb`grjmaca egb fg prdvmstg db df crtêeufg => ad fc emtcac Fdy Grkãbmec.
damtgrmcf } edp
50;
Grkcbmzcemõb y Dstrueturc adf _gadr Huamemcf. Qdjc ;
Qgjd bgtc Df crtêeufg 394 ad fc Egbstmtuemõb Dspcógfc ad 3=;> egb`mkurc df Qrmiubcf adf Hurcag egjg ubc mbstmtuemõb pcrc fc pcrtmempcemõb ad fgs emuacacbgs db fc Cajmbmstrcemõb ad Hustmemc. Hustm emc. Db eujpf eujpfmjmdbt mjmdbtgg ad dstd prdedptg, fc Fdy Grkãbmec 4/3==4, adf Qrmiubcf adf Hurcag, adscrrgffc amenc mbstmtuemõb.
50>
Egrrdspgbad mkucfjdbtd c fcs Cuamdbemcs _rgvmbemcfds df egbgemjmdbtg8 c) Ad fcs eudstmgbds ad egjpdtdbemc db jctdrmc emvmf y pdbcf qud sd susemtdb dbtrd Huzkcags ad fc prgvmbemc qud bg tdbkcb gtrg supdrmgr egjøb. i) Ad fcs rdeuscemgbds ad sus Jckmstrcags, eucbag fc egjpdtdbemc bg dstí ctrmiumac c fc Ucfc dspdemcf dxmstdbtd c dstgs d`detgs db fgs Qrmiubcfds Uupdrmgrds ad Hustmemc. Df Humemg adf Hurcag sd edfdircrã db df ãjimtg ad fc Cuamdbemc _rgvmbemcf u gtrgs Qrmiubcfds y db fc `grjc qud dstcifdzec fc Fdy. Fc egjpgsmemõb y egjpdtdbemc adf Hurcag dstã rdkufcac db fc Fdy Grkãbmec adf Qrmiubcf adf Hurcag (Fdy Grkãbmec 4/3==4, ad 99 ad jcyg, adf Qrmiubcf adf Hurcag).
damtgrmcf } edp