FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@ KOTTGTO XTLCG[EL@ON: KL@VODENEFOF CENBXOKI [OK‒
„
XTG[G@VOFL XLT:
BGNE[[O VWXEO [O@KMGZ
IOVEO DOWVE[VO OXOTKL
IOVMGTE@G XONLBE@L XGDG
ONEKEO NW@O OAWETTG NEBO. XGTW 48??
Xïae`o ?
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Â@FEKG KOXEVWNL E
‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣.
Tg{wbg` Gjgkwvesl ? Fg{ktexkeû` fg no klbxoÿâo , gbxtg{o l `galkel l cltbwnokeû` fg no efgo fg `galkel ?? G{vtwkvwto cw`kel`on ?4 [gkvlt fg okvesefof gkl`ûbeko ?; Tåaebg` {lkegvotel
4 [e{vgbo fg Ag{veû` Gbxtg{oteon 4? Xtlkg{l{ xlt Ïtgo{ 44 Xtlkg{l{ fg vlbo fg fgke{el`g{
KOXEVWNL EE
‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣
; Xno` fg Tgbw`gtokel`g{ ;? Xlnâveko fg tgbw`gtokel`g{ ;4 Tgaâbg`g{ nodltong{ ;; O{ea`okeû` fg tgbw`gtokel`g{ {gaú` blfonefof fg kl`vtovokeû` ;6 Ag`gtokeû` fg xno`enno{ u xoal fg tgbw`gtokel`g{ ;7 Vtedwvl{ u kotao{ {lkeong{
Xïae`o 4
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KOXEVWNL EEE
‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣...
6 Xlnâveko Vtedwvoteo 6? Kïnkwnl fg Vtedwvl{ 64 Kïnkwnl u ag{veû` fg fgvtokkel`g{. tgvg`kel`g{ u xgtkgxkel`g{ 6; Ebxwg{vl o no tg`vo. ktåfevl ce{kon 66 Kïnkwnl fg vtedwvl{ ofwo`gtl{ -g` no bl`latocâo qwg {g cokwnvg% 67 Xlnâveko u xtlkgfebeg`vl{ fg owfevltâo oxnekodng{ o no gbxtg{o
KOXEVWNL ES
‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣
7 G{vtwkvwto fg Kl{vl{ 7? Kl`vodenefof fg Kl{vl{
3 Gnodltokeû` fg G{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{ 3? Xtlkg{l kl`vodng 34 Dono`kg ag`gton 3; G{vofl fg ao`o`keo{ u xåtfefo{ 36 G{vofl fg kobdel{ g` gn xovtebl`el `gvl
1 [evwokeû` Gkl`ûbeko Ce`o`kegto 1? O`ïne{e{ ce`o`kegtl: xltkg`vwon u tovel{ ce`o`kegtl{ 14 O`ïne{e{ gkl`ûbekl: soteokeû` xltkg`vwon
Xïae`o ;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KOXEVWNL S =
‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣‣.
O`ïne{e{ fg no G{vtwkvwto fg Ce`o`keobeg`vl =? Koxevon fg vtodojl. cl`fl fg bo`eldto. ofbe`e{vtokeû` fg gcgkvesl. ofbe`e{vtokeû` fg kwg`vo{ xlt kldtot u xoaot. ofbe`e{vtokeû` fg e`sg`votel{ =4 Vexl{ fg fgwfo. ce`o`keobeg`vl fg kltvl k ltvl u notal xnozl. o`ïne{e{ fg oxono`kobeg`vl ce`o`kegtl. kl{vl fg koxevon =; Bgtkofl fg koxevong{. o`ïne{e{ fg bgtkofl. e`{vtwbg`vl{ fg e`vgtbgfeokeû` ce`o`kegto. gn bo`gjl fg no{ vo{o{ fg e`vgtå{
KOXEVWNL SE 5 E`vgtxtgvokeû` fg G{vofl{ Ce`o`kegtl{ ?8 Kl`knw{el`g{ u tgklbg`fokel`g{
Xïae`o 6
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KOXEVWNL E
? TG[WBG@ GJGKWVESL
No Gbxtg{o CENBXOKI [OK cwg cw`fofo gn 44 fg @lsegbdtg fgn oÿl 488? xlt Gteki Xown Slagnbo`` Dl`ekgnnekl` 38 ' fg okkel`g{ u Awenngtbl Onctgfl Slagnbo`` Dl`ekgnne kl` gn 68' fg okkel`g{ tg{xgkvesobg`vg. {w{ktevo{ u xoaofo{ g` gcgkvesl
Gn twdtl fg no Gbxtg{o g{ no Codtekokeû` fg [vtgvkm Cenb -Nobe`o{ fg Xlnegveng`l% u no klbgtkeonezokeû` fg xtlfwkvl{ fg gbdonojg klbl {l`: Kojo{ fg Kotvû`. Kotvû` Klttwaofl. Zw`kml{ Xnï{vekl{. Atoxo{. Ke`vo{ fg Gbdonojg. g`vtg lvtl{. {g g`kwg`vto wdekofo g` no Konng Ag`gton Bwtennl @¸ 463 Wtdo`ezokeû` No Kobxeÿo g` gn fe{vtevl fg Kmlttennl{ kl` w` Oåtgo fg ??8=76 b 4
CENBXOKI g{vï e`knwefo fg`vtl fg no [lkegfof O`û`ebo Kgttofo. Kgttofo. {eg`fl {w Agtg`vg Agtg`vg Ag`gton Gteki Xown Slagnbo`` Dl`ekgnne qweg` vlbo no{ fgke{el`g{ qwg g{vå` tgnokel`o{ kl` no gbxtg{o No vlbo fg fgke{el`g{ g{ ne`gon fg bo`gto fg{kg`fg`vg No gbxtg{o g{vï e`{ktevo g` no Tg`vo fg ;ª kovgaltâo g{vo`fl ocgkvl o nl{ vtedwvl{ fg EAS fg bo`gto bg`{won u on ET kl` gn {e{vgbo fg klgcekeg`vg fg bo`gto o`won u bg`{won kl` nl{ xoal{ o kwg`vo No xtlfwkkeû` {g do{o g` no wvenezokeû` fg Xlnegveng`l jw`vl o lvtl{ e`{wbl{. okvwonbg`vg codteko [vtgvkm cenb g` nl{ fl{ {e{vgbo{ fg g}vtw{eû`. {e{vgbo fg {lxnofl -dwtdwjo% u {e{vgbo ko{v -kodgzon Xno`l% xgtbeveg`fl fotng o {w{ kneg`vg{ w`o obxneo aobo fg xtlfwkvl{. qwg kwbxng` kl` nl{ bï{ onvl{ `esgng{ fg konefof Xoto Cenb Xoki {w{ kneg`vg{ {l` nl bï{ ebxltvo`vg. g{ xlt gnnl qwg kwg`vo kl` {w fgxotvobg`vl fg ovg`keû` on kneg`vg.fe{xl`edng xoto {ove{cokgt {w{ `gkg{efofg{ u kwbxnet kl` {w{ tgqwgtebeg`vl{ xoto qwg vg`ao` gn bgjlt xtlfwkvl u {gtsekel.no gbxtg{o kl`kg`vto {w klbgtkeonezokeû` g` fecgtg`vg{ bgtkofl{ fg Nebo u g` gn e`vgtelt fgn xoâ{
Gn xtg{g`vg vtodojl Bl`latïcekl fg Vevwnokeû` {g do{o g` gn o`ïne{e{ fg no {evwokeû` gkl`ûbeko. ce`o`kegto u vtedwvoteo g` nl{ únvebl{ 4 xgtelfl{ -48?8"4885% fg no gbxtg{o CENBXOKI [OK fl`fg sgtgbl{ no{ fecgtg`keo{ g`vtg obdl{ oÿl{ u tg{xgkvl o gnnl. xno`vgotgbl{ no{ tgklbg`fokel`g{ `gkg{oteo{ xoto bgjltot {w klbxgvevesefof g` gn bgtkofl klbl g` {w cw`kel`obeg`vl e`vgt`l
Xïae`o 7
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
4 FG[KTEXKEÛ@ FG NO GBXTG[O No Gbxtg{o CENBXOKI [OK cwg kl`{vevwefo gn 44 fg @lsegbdtg fgn oÿl 488? o`vg @lvotel Xúdnekl. Ft Ealt [ldtgsennoFl`outg G{ w`o gbxtg{o qwg {g fgfeko o no Codtekokeû` fg [vtgvkm Cenb u Klbgtkeonezokeû` fg Xtlfwkvl{ fg Gbdonojg
SE[EL@: [gt w`o Gbxtg{o tgkl`lkefo o `esgn e`vgt`okel`on vg`eg`fl no Kgtvecekokeû` fg Konefof E[L 588:488= xoto {gawet ovg`feg`fl u kwbxneg`fl kl` no{ `gkg{efofg{ fgn kneg`vg
BE[EL@: G{ no Gbxtg{o Nâfgt g` Gbxoqwg{ u Gbdonojg{ qwg {ove{cokg fg bo`gto gcekeg`vg nl{ tgqwgtebeg`vl{ fg {w{ kneg`vg{ kl`
xtlfwkvl{ fg konefof
Xïae`o 3
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
VEXL FG [LKEGFOF:
No gbxtg{o g{vï kl`{vevwefo klbl w`o w`o [LKEGFOF O@L@EBO KGTTOFO KGTTOFO -[OK%. fgkefegtl` g{vo cltbo {lkegvoteo xltqwg nl{{lkel{ {g kl`lkg`g`vtg {â u veg`g` v eg`g` nebevokeû` fg tg{xl`{odenefof ctg`vg o vgtkgtl{
KOXEVON [LKEON :
VEXL U @TLFLK
OXGNNEFL[ U @LBDTG[
CGKMO FG SE@KWNL @OKEBEG@VL
F@E" 83484?64
Gteki Xown Slagnbo``Dl`ekgnne
[LKEL
F@E" 68==6863
Awenngtbl Onctgfl Slagnbo``Dl`ekgnne
[LKEL
CGKMO FG[FG
'
?1,??,?535
44,??,488?
3888
??,87,?5=?
44,??,488?
6888
[w e`{ktexkeû` g` Tgae{vtl{ Xúdnekl{ {g kl`{vevwul kl` w` Koxevon fg {, 4888 -Fl{ be{ u 88,?88 @wgsl{ [lng{%. fesefefl{ g` 488 okkel`g{ fg w` sonlt `lbe`on fg {,?888 -Fegz u 88,?88 @wgsl{ [lng{% kofo w`o. â`vgatobg`vg {w{ktevo{ u xoaofo{ g` gcgkvesl
No{ Okkel`g{ {g fe{vtedwug` fg no {eaweg`vg bo`gto: Gteki Slagnbo``Dl`ekgnne. {w{ktedg u xoao ?48 okkel`g{ xlt w` vlvon fg {,?488 Awenngtbl Onctgfl Slagnbo``Dl`ekgnne {w{ktedg u xoao =8 okkel`g{ xlt w` vlvon fg {,=88
Xïae`o 1
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
@LBDTG U FETGKKEL@ FG NO GBXTG[O:
CENBXOKI [OK TWK: 4878;;=31;8 FETGKKEL@: KONNG AG@GTON BWTENNL @¸ 463 ‛ WTD NO KOBXEßO FE[VTEVL: KMLTTENNL[
@LBDTG FG NO BOTKO FG XTLFWKVL:
Gn xtlfwkvl fg no Gbxtg{o g{vï xovg`vofl g` E@FGKLXE xlt vo`vl no n o xtlfwkkeû` qwg {g gnodlto kwg`vo kl` w`o botko xtlxeo CENBXOKI
VEXL FG KL@VTEDWUG@VG: G{vo gbxtg{o ng xgtvg`gkg o no Vodno O`g}o `tl 4 Kûfeal @º ;5 xlt {gt w`o [LKEGFOF O@L@EBO KGTTOFO
KNO[ECEKOKEÛ@ [GAÚ@ NO OKVESEFOF GKL@LBEKO KEEW: G{vo gbxtg{o {g g`kwg`vto g` no Vodno O`g}o @º?: KEWW: Kno{ecekokeû` E`fw{vteon E`fw{vteon E`vgt`okel`on W`ecltbg
Xte`kexon ‛ KEEW 47488 Codtekokeû` fg Xtlfwkvl{ Xnï{vekl{
Xïae`o =
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KLBXTLDO@VG[:
Nl{ klbxtldo`vg{ qwg {g g`kwg`vto` owvltezofl{ xlt no [W@OV o gbevet {l`:
Cokvwto
Dlngvo fg Sg`vo
@lvo fg Ktåfevl
@lvo fg Fgdevl
Awâo fg Tgbe{eû` ‛ Tgbevg`vg
FLKWBG@VL[ E@VGT@L[:
Ltfg` fg klbxto
Ltfg` fg [gtsekel
Tgkedl fg Kojo
Xno`enno fg Blsenefof
Owvltezokeû` fg [onefo
Xïae`o 5
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
4? FG[KTEXKEÛ@ FGN XTLFWKVL: ? XTLFWKVL BO@WCOKVWTOFL:
No gbxtg{o veg`g klbl xte`kexon okvesefof no Codtekokeû` fg [VTGVKM CENB. g` fecgtg`vg{ xtg{g`vokel`g{ u bgfefo{ {gaú` gn tgqwgtebeg`vl fgn Kneg`vg Gn [VTGVKM CENB l xnï{vekl xoto g`slnsgt. g{ w`o xgnâkwno g{vetodng fg onvo vto`{xotg`keo codtekofo o do{g fg xlnegveng`l fg dojo fg`{efof kwuo tg{e{vg`keo bgkï`eko u dojl g{xg{lt nl mokg` g{xgkeon xoto g`slnsgt l xongvezot bgtkofgtâo o w` dojl kl{vl
XTG[G@VOKEL@G[ [VTGVKM CENB VTOFEKEL@ON:
Xtg{g`vokel`g{ xoto oxnekokeû` bo`won u
owvlbïveko
G{xg{ltg{ fg{fg ?8 bekto{ mo{vo 78 bekto{ kl`
onvo tg{e{vg`keo
Xïae`o ?8
O`kml fg no{ dlde`o{ fg{fg 5‒ mo{vo 68‒
Xg{l{ fg okwgtfl on tgqwgtebeg`vl fgn kneg`vg
Onvl dtennl u vto`{xotg`keo
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@ [VTGVKM CENB XOTO ONEBG@VL[:
Fe{xl`edng g` w`o ato` sotegfof fg klnltg{ -`gatl. tljl. ozwn. sgtfg obotennl. dno`kl% [g xwgfg w{ot xoto fecgtg`keot g efg`vecekot fe{ve`vl{ xtlfwkvl{ onbokg`ofl{
Oxnekokeû` bo`won u owvlbïvekl
G{xg{lt fg{fg ?8 mo{vo 78 bekto{
O`kml fg no{ dlde`o{ fg{fg 5‒ mo{vo 68‒
[VTGVKM CENB DELFGATOFODNG:
Xlt xtg{gtsot gn Bgfel Obdeg`vg {g lctgkg gn Gklcenbkl` {w be{bo cw`kel`odenefof qwg ouwfo o tgfwket nl{ fg{gkml{ fg `wg{vtl Xno`gvo
Xïae`o ??
78 ' bï{ gkl`ûbekl xoto gn w{l fg onebg`vl{
G{xg{lt fg ?8 bekto{
@l kl`veg`g XSK
[VTGVKM CENB FG KLNLTG[:
G{xgkeonbg`vg cltbwnofl xoto gn kl`vokvl kl` onebg`vl{
Kl`veg`g O`vecla. qwg gsevo no kl`fg`{okeû` u aoto`vezo no fwtodenefof fwtodenefof xlt bï{ vegbxl g` nl{ onebg`vl{
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
4 BGTKOFGTEO[: No gbxtg{o Cenbxoki ofekel`on ofekel`on o no codtekokeû` fgn [vtgvkm [vtgvkm Cenb klbl {w xtlfwkvl xtlfwkvl xte`kexon. tgonezo no klbgtkeonezokeû` fg fecgtg`vg{ xtlfwkvl{ fg gbdonojg qwg fgvonnobl{:
KOJO[ FG KOTVL@:
Onvobg`vg tg{e{vg`vg{
Onvl `esgn fg xtlvgkkeû` on ebxokvl
Febg`{el`g{ fg okwgtfl on tgqwgtebeg`vl fgn kneg`vg
Fe{xl`edng{ g` klnlt bottû` u dno`kl
Ebxtg{eû` fg Nlalvexl
DLDE@O[ FG KOTVL@:
Bgfefo{: O`kml fg ?4; bv{ u ?36 bv{
Xtlvgag no bgtkofgtâo fg oag`vg{ g}vgt`l{ klbl xlnsl. mwbgfof. gvk
KE@VO[ OFMG[ESO[:
Bgfefo{ fg 4‒ } 78.=8 u ?88 bgvtl{
[úxgt vto`{xotg`vg{ xoto boult se{edenefof fgn xtlfwkvl o gbdonot
Dwg`o ofmg{eû` u tg{e{vg`keo
Xïae`o ?4
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
ZW@KML[ XNO[VEKL[:
Neagtl{. cwgtvg{ u fg {gawto bo`exwnokeû`
Dwg`o{ tg{gtso fg vg`{eû`
@l {g l}efo`
Xwgfg` wvenezot{g kl` boqwe`o bo`won
U {gbe owvlbïveko
Cngjg{ fg 7,=‒
Xg{l oxtl}ebofl =788 ia
FE[XG@[OFLTO FG KE@VO[ FG GBDONOJG:
Mokg bï{ cïken gn xtlkg{l fg gbdonojg
Ouwfo o w` bgjlt tg`febeg`vl fgn xtlfwkvl
Fe{xg`{ofltg{ xoto Ke`vo{ fg 4‒ fg feïbgvtl
[e{vgbo neseo`l u gkl`ûbekl fg onvo tg{e{vg`keo
Fe{xg`{oflt vexl xe{vlno
Fe{xg`{oflt xnï{vekl u bgvon
ATOXO[:
Aonso`ezofo{ u okgtofo{
Cegttl e`l}efodng
G{xg{lt 87bb oxtl}
Notal 47bb
Xïae`o ?;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
4? G[VTWKVWTO CW@KEL@ON No g{vtwkvwto cw`kel`on fg no GBXTG[O CENBXOKI [OK {g xtg{g`vo o kl`ve`wokeû`: k l`ve`wokeû`:
JW@VO AG@GTON FG OKKEL@E[VO[
AGTG@KEO AG@GTON O[E[VG@VG FG AGTG@KEO FGXOTVOBG@VL FG OFBE@E[VTOKEL@ U CE@O@ZO[
AGTG@VG FG OFBE@E[VTOKEL@ U CE@O@ZO[
OTGO FG KL@VODENEFOF
FGXOTVOBG@VL
FGXOTVOBG@VL FG
FG XTLFWKKEL@
SG@VO[
KL@VTLN FG KONEFOF [WXGTSE[LTG[ FG XNO@VO
KLDTO@ZO[
KL@VOFLT
AG@GTON
ONBOKG@
JGCG FG BOTIGVE@A U SG@VO[
FG[XOKML AG[VLTG[ KLBGTKEONG[
LXGTOTEL[
VGNGLXGTOFLTO[ VG[LTGTEO
O[E[VG@VG KL@VODNG
OW]ENEOT KL@VODNG
Xïae`o ?6
BO@VG@EBEG@VL
OVG@KEL@ ON KNEG@VG
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
CW@KEL@G[ XLT ÏTGO[: Fg okwgtfl on ltao`eatobo cw`kel`on {g fgvonno no{ cw`kel`g{ fg kofo fgxotvobg`vl
AGTG@KEO AG@GTON:
Gn kotal fg Agtg`vg Ag`gton g{ gjgtkefl xlt xlt gn [t Gteki Slagnbo``Dl`ekgnne qweg` g{ gn Tgxtg{g`vo`vg Ngaon fg no Gbxtg{o. g{ qweg` cejo no{ xlnâveko{ lxgtoveso{. ofbe`e{vtoveso{9 u g{ qweg` vlbo no{ fgke{el`g{ fgce`eveso{ Gn Agtg`vg kl`lkg o vlfl{ {w{ gbxngofl{ u xwgfg konecekot {w{ okvesefofg{ g` gn fg{gbxgÿl fg {w{ nodltg{
Ldjgvesl fg no agtg`keo:
Onko`zot g` cltbo gcekeg`vg u gcekoz nl{ ldjgvesl{ fg no Gbxtg{o
Gcekokeo kwo`fl no gbxtg{o onko`zo {w{ bgvo{. gcekeg`keo kwo`fl nlato {w{ ldjgvesl{ ldjgvesl{ kl` gn bâ`ebl fg {w{ tgkwt{l{
G{ xgtbevet o no gbxtg{o vg`gt w`o xgt{xgkveso bï{ obxneo fgn bgfel g` gn kwon {g fg{ottlnno
OTGO FG OFBE@E[VTOKEL@ U CE@O@ZO[
No ofbe`e{vtokeû` dw{ko gn nlatl fg ldjgvesl{ o vtoså{ fg no{ xgt{l`o{. bgfeo`vg våk`eko{ fg`vtl fg no ltao`ezokeû` Gnno g{ gn {wd{e{vgbo knosg fg`vtl fg w` {e{vgbo ltao`ezokel`on Klbxtg`fg o vlfo ltao`ezokeû` u g{ cwgtzo sevon qwg g`nozo vlfl{ nl{ fgbï{ {wd{e{vgbo{ Gn kotal g{ gjgtkefl xlt gn [t Dg`jobâ`Ïnsotgz fgn Sennot qweg` vobdeå` sg no{ ce`o`zo{ fg no gbxtg{o. tgonezo xtlugkkel`g{. kl`vtlno no {evwokeû` ce`o`kegto okvwon u cwvwto fg no gbxtg{o. tgse{o u oxtwgdo nl{ ktåfevl{ o nl{ `wgsl{ kneg`vg{. g`vtg lvtl{
Xïae`o ?7
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
ÏTGO KL@VODNG: Feteaefl xlt KXK Jlm` Jwïtgz [onfotteoao g`kotaofl fg gnodltot no{ fgknotokel`g{ fg ebxwg{vl{ bg`{wong{. u no gnodltokeû` fg nl{ g{vofl{ Ce`o`kegtl{ fg no gbxtg{o: Dono`kg. G{vofl{ fg ao`o`keo{ u xåtfefo{. g`vtg lvto{ xoto xtg{g`votno{ on Agtg`vg Ag`gton xoto no vlbo fg fgke{el`g{ cwvwto{
ÏTGO FG XTLFWKKEÛ@: Gn ïtgo fg xtlfwkkeû` g{vï feteaefl xlt no [tvo Boteo Awgsoto Ko{vennl. g{ qweg` vlbo{ no{ fgke{el`g{ klttg{xl`feg`vg{ on Xno`gobeg`vl fg Xtlfwkkeû` feoteo{. bo`vg`eg`fl w`o klbw`ekokeû` kl`ve`wo kl` gn Agtg`vg Ag`gton. Onbokå` u Sg`vo{ No{ lxgtokel`g{ g` no xtlfwkkeû` {g fe{vtedwug` g` g` no G}vtw{eû`. Tgdlde`ofl. Bgzkno. Bgzkno. u Kl`vtln fg konefof
OTGO FG SG@VO[ : G`kotaofo xlt no [tvo Iote`o Awgtto [ï`kmgz. {w cw`keû` g{ dte`fot w`o ovg`keû` on xúdnekl ofgkwofl g{ qweg` o`lvo nl{ xgfefl{ fg Nebo u Xtlse`keo{. bo`veg`g w`o klbw`ekokeû` xgtbo`g`vg kl` gn [t Jwo` Kmo`kl. Jgcg fg onbokå` fg xtlfwkvl{ vgtbe`ofl{ xoto tgse{ot nl{ {vlki{ u xlfgt e`atg{ot nl{ xgfefl{ fg nl{ kneg`vg{. o no sgz klltfe`o kl` gn Ïtgo fg xtlfwkkeû` u gn Agtg`vg Ag`gton Vobdeå` gn ïtgo fg Sg`vo{ kwg`vo kl` Vgnglxgtoflto{. qweg`g{ dte`fo` no ovg`keû` xlt Vgnåcl`l o ce` fg kl`vokvot o `wgsl{ Kneg`vg{
Xïae`o ?3
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XTLSGGFLTG[:
Nl{ xte`kexong{ xtlsggfltg{ kl` boult ctgkwg`keo fg NO GBXTG[O CENBXOKI [OK {l` nl{ {eaweg`vg{: GBXTG[O
XTLFWKVL[
FE[XGTKLN [O
XLNEGVENG@L
@GA KLBGTKEON [VO BOTEO [OK
XLNEGVENG@L
G # A DW[E@G[ [OK
XLNEGVENG@L
_WEBEKO KLBGTKEON [O
BO[VGTDOVM Z@ "4
W@EL@ KOTVL@GTO [O
KOJO[ FG KOTVL@
OK@E[O VWDL[ [O
VWDL[ FG KOTVL@
VTWXON [O
KOJO[ FG KOTVL@
VWXON [O
VWDL[ FG KOTVL@
XNO[BOT [OK
ZW@KML[ XNO[VEKL[
KL@[LTKEL ATOX[ [TN
ATOXO[
KNEG@VG[:
Nl{ xte`kexong{ kneg`vg{ fg no CENBXOKI [OK {l` nl{ {eaweg`vg{:
BOG[VTL XGTW [O IEBDGTNU KNOTI [OK MEXGTBGTKOFL[ VLVVW[ [O KLTXLTOKEL@ NE@FNGU [O [OAO CONODGNNO [O DTOBKL [O [WXGTBGTKOFL[ XGTWO@L[ [O
Xïae`o ?1
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
44 [GKVLT FG OKVESEFOF GKL@ÛBEKO : [gkvlt {gkw`fotel G{ w`o gbxtg{o qwg g{vï fgfekofo o no Codtekokeû` fg Xtlfwkvl{ fg Xnï{vekl
[GABG@VOKEL@ [GABG@VOKEL@ AGLATOCEKO No gbxtg{o g{vï wdekofo g` gn Fe{vtevl fg Kmlttennl{. g}okvobg`vg g` no Konng Ag`gton Bwtennl @¸ 463 Wtdo`ezokeû` No Kobxeÿo
O@ONE[E[ CLFO Gn o`ïne{e{ CLFO. {g mo gnodltofl kl` no ce`onefof fg sgt no {evwokeû` {evwokeû` fg no gbxtg{o. xoto gsonwot gn g{vofl u kl`fekeû` g` qwg {g g`kwg`vto fg cltbo e`vgt`l u g}vgt`l. sgteceko`fl {w{ cltvongzo{. lxltvw`efofg{. fgdenefofg{. obg`ozo{
CLTVONGZO
FGDENEFOF
Xgt{l`on konecekofl kl` g}xgteg`keo{
[gtsekel xwdnekevotel{ nebevofl{
Lteg`vofl{ o no vgk`lnlaâo fg únvebo ag`gtokeû` g` `wg{vtl twdtl
Nebevofl odo{vgkebeg`vl fg `wg{vtl{ xtlsggfltg{
Xtlkg{l{ lteg`vofl{ o nl{ nlatl{ fg ldjgvesl{ vtozofl{
E`ctog{vtwkvwto nebevofo
LXLTVW@EFOF
OBG@OZO[ Klbxgvg`keo{ g` xtgkel{
Cwgtvg xlfgt ofqwe{evesl fg no{ gbxtg{o{ qwg tgqwegtg` `wg{vtl{ {gtsekel{
Xïae`o ?=
Bgtkofl xlt g}xnltot Okwgtfl{ e`vgt`okel`ong{
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KLBXGVG@KEO FETGKVO:
[lnxoki [OK
Kltxltokel`[odek [O
Kltbgdg` [O
Xotvekexokeû` fg Bgtkofl 48?? -'% ?7' ;8'
Kltxltokeû` [ODEK [ODEK Cenbxoki [lnxoki 47'
Lvtl{ Ebxltvofltg{ ;8'
Cwg`vg: Xtlxeo
4; TÅAEBG@ [LKEGVOTEL No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI CENBXOKI [OK {g kl`{vevwuû kl`{vevwuû klbl [LKEGFOF O@L@EBO KGTTOFO. kl`cltbofl xlt 4 {lkel{. kl` oxltvokeû` g` gcgkvesl gn 83 fg `lsegbdtg fgn oÿl 488? No [lkegfof O`û`ebo Kgttofo -odtgseovwto: [ OK% G{ oqwgnno {lkegfof bgtko`ven kwul{ vevwnotg{ nl {l` g` fecgtg`keot{g g`vtg {â xlt {w fe{ve`vl sonlt `lbe`on l xlt nl{ fecgtg`vg{ xtesengael{ se`kwnofl{ o å{vo{. klbl xlt gjgbxnl no xgtkgxkeû` o w` fesefg`fl bâ`ebl Nl{ okkel`e{vo{ `l tg{xl`fg` kl` {w xovtebl`el xgt{l`on fg no{ fgwfo{ fg no {lkegfof. {e`l ú`ekobg`vg mo{vo no ko`vefof bï}ebo fgn koxevon koxev on oxltvofl
Xïae`o ?5
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KOTOKVGTE[VEKO[: G` våtbe`l{ ag`gtong{. no{ {lkegfofg{ o`û`ebo{ {g fg`lbe`o` {egbxtg bgtko`veng{ ow` kwo`fl {g cltbg` xoto no tgonezokeû` fg `galkel{ fg kotïkvgt kesen G` no boultâo fg no{ ngae{nokel`g{. u g` no flkvte`o. {g tgkl`lkg klbl xte`kexong{ kotokvgtâ{veko{ fg g{vg vexl fg {lkegfof no{ {eaweg`vg{:
Nebevokeû` fg tg{xl`{odenefof fg nl{ {lkel{ ctg`vg o vgtkgtl{ Fese{eû` fgn koxevon {lkeon g` okkel`g{ @galkeodenefof fg no{ xotvekexokel`g{ G{vtwkvwto ltaï`eko xgt{l`on G}e{vg`keo dojl w`o fg`lbe`okeû` xúdneko
FG@LBE@OKEÛ@ FG@LBE@OKEÛ@ : CENBXOKI [OK
; [E[VGBO FG AG[VEÛ@ GBXTG[OTEON: ;? XTLKG[L[ XLT OTGO[
XTLKG[L[ XLT OTGO[
XTLKG[L[ FG SG@VO[
XTLKG[L[ XLT KLBXTO[
XTLKG[L[ FG XTLFWKKEL@
XTLKG[L[ FG CE@O@ZO[
Xïae`o 48
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XTLKG[L FG SG@VO[ Nl{ ag{vltg{ klbgtkeong{ u vgnglxgtoflto{ nnobo` o nl{ kneg`vg l cwvwtl{ kneg`vg{ xoto dte`fot klvezokel`g{. w`o sgz qwg ng kl`cetbg gn kneg`vg w`o klbxto. g`sâo {w Ltfg` fg Klbxto bo`gto o`vekexofo kl` vtg{ fâo{ mïdeng{ e`feko`fl no ko`vefof fg xtlfwkvl{ qwg {lnekevo. no{ kl`fekel`g{ fg xoal xoal u no{ cgkmo{ fg g`vtgao. no Ltfg` fg klbxto {g no{ g`vtgao` o no klltfe`ofl fg Sg`vo{ Sg`v o{ xoto {w tgae{vtl u xtlatobokeû` fg g`vtgao on kneg`vg No klltfe`oflto fg sg`vo{ on e`atg{ot vlfo{ no{ Ûtfg`g{ {g klbw`eko on Ïtgo fg Xtlfwkkeû` xoto qwg xtlatobg` no xtlfwkkeû` fg nl tgqwgtefl xlt gn kneg`vg {e g{ qwg `l mwdegto g` {vlki [g klltfe`o vobdeå` kl` fg{xokml u onbokå` u kl` Kl`vodenefof xoto gbe{eû` fg no{ Cokvwto{
FEOATOBO FG XTLKG[L FG SG@VO[
[g g{vodngkg kl`vokvl kl` gn kneg`vg u {g xtlkgfg o klvezot
Sgteceko kl` Onbokå` {e mou {vlki fg nl{ xtlfwkvl{ {lnekevofl{ g` no{ ûtfg`g{ fg klbxto fgn kneg`vg
Kl`cetbokeû` fg kneg`vg kl` Ltfg` fg Klbxto Klltfe`o kl` Xtlfwkkeû` xoto no gnodltokeû` fg nl{ xtlfwkvl{ {e `l mou
G`vtgao fg Ltfg` fg Klbxto o Klltfe`oflto fg Sg`vo{
Xïae`o 4?
g` {vlki
G`vtgao no{ Ûtfg`g{ fg fg{xokml on Fgxotvobg`vl fg
G`sâl fg xtlfwkvl{ on kneg`vg kl` {w Cokvwto{
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XTLKG[L FG KLBXTO[
Gn xtlkg{l fg klbxto{ g{vï neaofl o no{ Ûtfg`g{ fg Klbxto e`atg{ofo{ fgn Ïtgo fg Sg`vo{ [g {lnekevo klvezokel`g{ o nl{ xtlsggfltg{. {g gbevg w`o Ltfg` fg Klbxto g` gn qwg e`knwug kl`fekeû` fg xoal. ko`vefofg{ u cgkmo fg g`vtgao o no Xno`vo Onbokå` tgae{vto gn e`atg{l fg nl{ e`{wbl{ u bgtkofgtâo{ klbxtofl{
FEOATOBO FGN XTLKG[L FG KLBXTO[
[g {lnekevo klvezokel`g{ o nl{ xtlsggfltg{
Gbe{eû` fg Ltfg` fg Klbxto
G`vtgao fg bgtkofgtâo o Onbokå`
[g tgonezo no klbxto
Gbe{eû` fg Ltfg` fg Klbxto
Xïae`o 44
No cokvwto fg klbxto xo{o onkl`vodenefof
[g tgonekg gn xoal fg okwgtfl o nl xokvofl
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XTLKG[L FG XTLFWKKEL@: O kl`ve`wokeû` {g fgvonno` nl{ xtlkg{l{ xtlfwkvesl{ fg no gbxtg{o:
Xtlkg{l fg Bgzkno: G{ gn xtebgt xtlkg{l u gn bï{ ebxltvo`vg fg vlfl{. oqwâ g{ fl`fg {g fgce`g no klbde`okeû` fg nl{ bovgteong{ wvenezofl{ g` no codtekokeû` fgn [vtgvkm Cenb u {w xtlxltkeû` W`o conno g` g{vg xtlkg{l ocgkvotâo no konefof fgn xtlfwkvl u ag`gtotâo ag`gtotâo {ldtg kl{vl{ xoto no klbxoÿâo No cltbwnokeû` fgxg`fg fg no{ g{xgkecekokel`g{ {lnekevofo{ xlt gn kneg`vg u fg no kno{g fg xtlfwkvl o xtlfwket
․
Nl qwg {g klbde`o g` g{vg xtlkg{l g{ gn Xlnegveng`l. xgaobg`vl. ofevesl{ u klnlto`vg{9 vlfl{ g{vl{ {l` tgvetofl{ fgn onbokå` bgfeo`vg w` tgqwgtebeg`vl e`vgt`l
Xïae`o 4;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Xtlkg{l fg G}vtw{eû`: G{ w`l fg nl{ båvlfl{ bï{ wvenezofl{ xoto xtlkg{ot tg{e`o{ vgtblxnï{veko{. uo qwg xgtbevg ldvg`gt xegzo{ fg bo`gto kl`ve`wo kl` cltbo{ u febg`{el`g{ kl`{vo`vg{ Gn bovgteon xnï{vekl g{ gbxwjofl xlt w` vlt`ennl {e`câ` o vtoså{ fg w` kene`ftl qwg okodo g` w`o dlqwenno. nl qwg xtlfwkg w`o veto fg nl`aevwf e`fgce`efo Kobdeo`fl no cltbo fg no n o dlqwenno {g xwgfg` ldvg`gt dotto{ fg fe{ve`vl{ xgtceng{
․
G` gn xtlkg{l fg g}vtw{eû` {g codteko` vtg{ vexl{ fg [vtgvkm Cenb: Gn Bo`won. Owvlbïvekl u gn fg Onebg`vl{ Gn [vtgvkm Cenb Bo`won {g codteko g` ato`fg{ dlde`o{ qwg nwgal xo{o` on xtlkg{l fg tgdlde`ofl fl`fg {g kl`segtvg g` dlde`o{ fg fecgtg`vg{ bgfefo{ u xg{l{ fg okwgtfl on tgqwgtebeg`vl fgn kneg`vg Gn [vtgvkm Cenb Owvlbïvekl {w{ dlde`o{ {l` fg bg`ltg{ febg`{el`g{ u {w cltbwnokeû` g{ fe{ve`vo on bo`won xoto xlfgt {lxltvot {lxltvot no vg`{eû` vg`{eû` on qwg g{ g}xwg{vl xlt xlt no{ bïqwe`o{ bïqwe`o{ g`slnsgfltg{ g` oqwgnnl{ kneg`vg{ qwg qwg wvenezo` g{vg {e{vgbo xoto gbdonot {w{ xtlfwkvl{ @l xo{o xlt gn xtlkg{l fg tgdlde`ofl. fg ctg`vg so xoto gn xtlkg{l fg konefof No bovgteo xtebo fgn xtlkg{l fg G}vtw{eû` {l` nl{ Ienlatobl{ fg Bovgteong{ bgzknofl{ g` gn xtlkg{l fg Bgzkno
Xïae`o 46
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
fg g}vtw{eû` u {g Xtlkg{l fg Tgdlde`ofl: G` g{vg xtlkg{l {g tgkedg no{ dlde`o{ bo`wong{ fgn xtlkg{l fg xtlkgfg o tgdlde`ot fg okwgtfl on tgqwgtebeg`vl fg bgfefo{ u xg{l{ xlt kofo xgfefl fg nl{ kneg`vg{
Xïae`o 47
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Xtlkg{l fg Konefof: G` g{vg xtlkg{l {g tgkedg no{ dlde`o{ fgn xtlkg{l fgn tgdlde`ofl -Bo`won% u vobdeå` no{ qwg seg`g` fetgkvobg`vg fgn xtlkg{l fg g}vtw{eû` -Owvlbïvekl%. {g xtlkgfg o bwg{vtgot xoto sgtecekot qwg kwbxng` kl` no konefof g}eaefo xlt kofo kneg`vg9 {e g{vï` kl`cltbg{ {g xo{o` fetgkvobg`vg o Onbokå` fg xtlfwkvl{ vgtbe`ofl{ vgtbe`ofl{ u {e `l kwbxng` kl` no{ g}eag`keo{ g}eag`keo{ g{vodngkefo{ {g tgatg{o` xoto gn tgxtlkg{l ․
Xïae`o 43
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Tgxtlkg{l u Kobdel{ fg Kûfeal: [g tgkedg no dlde`o{ qwg `l xo{otl` gn kl`vtln fg konefof. xo{o` o w` blne`l fl`fg {g kl`segtvg g` Tgceng u nwgal {g oanlbgto` xoto ldvg`gt xtlfwkvl fg {gaw`fo qwg swgnsg o g`vtot on xtlkg{l xtlfwkvesl
․
XTLKG[L FG CE@O@ZO[ C E@O@ZO[
Gn xtlkg{l fg ce`o`zo{ g{vï tgnokel`ofl fetgkvobg`vg kl` gn Fxvl fg kl`vodenefof on blbg`vl fg tgkgxkel`ot cokvwto{ gbevefo{ xlt gnnl{ u cokvwto{ cok vwto{ fg {w{ xtlsggfltg{ u ko`kgnotno{ g` gn vegbxl g{vexwnofo [w cw`keû` g{ bo`vg`gt{g on {gawebeg`vl fg fekml{ xtlkg{l{ xoto `l vg`gt fgblto{ `e g` nl{ xoal{ u kldtl{ tgonezofl{ xlt no gbxtg{o
Xïae`o 41
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
;4
XTLKG[L[ FG VLBO FG FGKE[EL@G[: FGKE[EL@G[:
[g fekg qwg g}e{vg w` xtldngbo kwo`fl g` w`o ltao`ezokeû` w` xno` {ong fg nl{ nâbevg{ l fgn kl`vtln G` von ko{l {g mokg `gkg{otel xno`vgot{g no {evwokeû`9 lteae`o`fl o{â gn xtlkg{l fg vlbo fg fgke{el`g{9 o kl`ve`wokeû` {g o`onezo` kofo w`o fg {w{ gvoxo{: Xtlkg{l fg fgke{el`g{ Gn xtlkg{l fg fgke{el`g{ {g kl`{efgto klbl w`o {gteg fg gvoxo{ qwg cltbo` w`o fgke{eû` No vlbo fg fgke{el`g{ g{ w` xtlkg{l qwg nngso o kodl vlfl ofbe`e{vtoflt u g{ kl`{efgtofl klbl w`o votgo kg`vton fg no ofbe`e{vtokeû` O no vlbo fg fgke{el`g{ {g ng fgce`g klbl no {gngkkeû` do{ofo g` kegtvl ktevgtel fg no kl`fwkvo onvgt`oveso g`vtg fl{ l bï{ kobe`l{. kwt{l{ fg okkeû` l onvgt`oveso{ Vexl{ fg fgke{el`g{ G` no gbxtg{o g}e{vg` fl{: ?% No{ xtlatobofo{. g` no{ qwg nl{ fovl{ {l` ofgkwofl{ u tgxgvevesl{. mou kgtvgzo u no{ kl`fekel`g{ g` bwkmo{ lko{el`g{ {l` g{vïveko{ 4% No{ `l xtlatobofo{ . g` no{ qwg nl{ fovl{ {l` e`ofgkwofl{. mou e`kgtvefwbdtg u no{ kl`fekel`g{ {l` fe`ïbeko{ u {g wvenezo` våk`eko{ fg xno`vgobeg`vl u kl`vtln Nl{ agtg`vg{ xlt fgce`ekeû`. {l` vlbofltg{ fg fgke{el`g{ W`l fg nl{ tlng{ fgn agtg`vg g{ xtgke{obg`vg vlbot w`o {gteg fg fgke{el`g{ ato`fg{ u xgqwgÿo{ Vlbot no fgke{eû` klttgkvo kofo sgz g{ no obdekeû` fg qweg`g{ xtokveko` no agtg`keo Mokgtnl tgqwegtg kl`vot kl` w` xtlcw`fl kl`lkebeg`vl. u w`o obxneo g}xgteg`keo g` gn vgbo No{ fgke{el`g{ W`o fgke{eû` g{ w` jwekel l {gngkkeû` g`vtg fl{ l bï{ onvgt`oveso{. qwg lkwttg g` `wbgtl{o{ u fesgt{o{ {evwokel`g{ fg no sefo -u xlt {wxwg{vl. no agtg`keo%
Gn xtlkg{l fg vlbo fg fgke{el`g{
Xïae`o 4=
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KOXÂVWNL EE XNO@ FG TGBW@GTOKEL@G[
6XNO@ FG TGBW@GTOKEÛ@:
G` w` bw`fl kofo fâo bï{ anldonezofl g{ tgcgtet{g vobdeå` o no{ gkl`lbâo{ fg oxgtvwto. g`vl`kg{ g{ sevon fotng ebxltvo`keo o g{vo ïtgo fg tgknwvobeg`vl fg xgt{l`on xgt{l`on uo qwg tg{wnvo {gt vo` klbxgveveso u vto{kg`fg`von xoto {w {w {wxgtsesg`keo No fecgtg`keokeû` o no mlto fg g{klagt gn bgjlt vong`vl mwbo`l {g veg`g q mokgt fg w`o bo`gto gcekoz. xwg{ g{ no cwg`vg bï{ xtgkeofo fg w`o ltao`ezokeû` qwg fgdg e`vgatot{g g` gn xtlkg{l. ktgokeû` l oatgaokeû` fg sonlt fg kwonqwegt ltao`ezokeû` u g{ no knosg xoto {wxgtot nl{ fg{ocâl{ qwg xtg{g`vo no gkl`lbâo G{ xlt gnnl `gkg{otel fe{gÿot nl{ blfgnl{ u xtlkg{l{ xoto nlatot no oaenefof. gcgkvesefof. klbxgvevesefof u {l{vg`edenefof g` gn bgtkofl [g tgqwegtg o{â klbxg`{ot. tgvtedwug`fl {w fg{gbxgÿl fgn klnodltoflt kl` no tgbw`gtokeû` qwg g{vï klbxwg{vo dï{ekobg`vg xlt: {wgnfl{. {onotel. atovecekokel`g{. klbe{el`g{. xtgbel{. qwg tgkedg klbl tg{wnvofl fg {w vtodojl [eg`fl o{â gn `esgn fg tgbw`gtokeû` gn gngbg`vl g{g`keon g` no xl{ekeû` klbxgveveso fg no ltao`ezokeû` Gn ldjgvesl g{ kl`{gawet u kl`{gtsot w` atwxl mwbo`l fg vtodojl kwuo{ kotokvgtâ{veko{ souo` fg okwgtfl kl` nl{ ldjgvesl{ e`{vevwkel`ong{ o vtoså{ fg xtlatobo{ ofgkwofl{ g e`vgato`fl no{ klbxgvg`keo{ e`fesefwong{ fgfekokeû` Xïae`o 45
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
u g{cwgtzl xgt{l`on. xgt{l`on. kl`lkebeg`vl{ u modenefofg{ modenefofg{ xoto o{â onko`zot no{ bgvo{ ltao`ezokel`ong{ xoto gnnl no no gbxtg{o fg{go onko`zot:
Kl`vtovokeû` fg xgt{l`on konecekofl: Tgonezot w`o kl`vtovokeû` g{ ebxltvo`vg kl`{efgtot vlfl{ nl{ o{xgkvl{ qwg gn xwg{vl nl tgqwegto . xoto gsevot qwg {g kl`vtovg o w`o xgt{l`o qwg `l xl{go no{ kwonefofg{ `gkg{oteo{ Kwbxnet kl` no{ fe{xl{ekel`g{ ngaong{: Cltbonezo`fl kl` oxgal o no ngu no cwvwto tgnokeû` nodlton. xoto aoto`vezot nl{ e`vgtg{g{ u fgtgkml{ vo`vl fgn vtodojofl klbl fg no gbxtg{o xoto tgonezot no kl`vtovokeû` {l` {l` : fg kotxgvo{ Bgjltot no gcekeg`keo ofbe`e{vtoveso: Nl{ klbxl`g`vg{ xoto u flkwbg`vl{ fg nl{ ko`fefovl{ gnodltokeû` fgn kl`vtovl .cetbo fgn kl`vtovl .g e`atg{l o no ltao`ezokeû`
Xoto no gbxtg{o Cenbxoki bo`gjobl{ nl{ {eaweg`vg xno`g{ fg tgbw`gtokeû`:
Xno`g{ fg tgbw`gtokeû` cejo klbxg`{ofo G{vl{ xno`g{ fg tgbw`gtokeû` cejo tgvtedwug` on vtodojoflt {gaú` gn `úbgtl fg mlto{ fg vtodojl. bwnvexnekofl xlt w`o vo{o do{g mltoteo g{vodngkefo Ctgkwg`vgbg`vg {g fg`lbe`o` xno`g{ fg konefof fg sefo g` gn vtodojl g` gn ïtgo ofbe`e{vtoveso
Xno`g{ fg tgbw`gtokeû` soteodng l cng}edng G{vg xno` g{ oqwgnno tgbw`gtokeû` qwg xgtkedg gn vtodojoflt fg okwgtfl kl` {w tg`febeg`vl. tg`febeg`vl. {g gbxngo xoto gn ïtgo klbgtkeon G` g{vo kovgaltâo g{vï` e`knwefl{ nl{ xno`g{ fg e`kg`vesl{ e`fesefwong{ u nl{ fg atwxl{ G` g{vl{ xno`g{. no klbxg`{okeû` bl`gvoteo o kofo vtodojoflt fgxg`fg fg no vo{o {onoteon do{g u fg no okvwokeû` fgn atwxl g` gn vegbxl g` kwg{veû` {g nngso o kodl ag`gtonbg`vg g` gn ïtgo klbgtkeon
Xno` fg vtodojl xlt xegzo l fg{vojl Gn vtodojl tgvtedwefl xlt xegzo ebxneko qwg vlfl{ nl{ g{vï`fotg{ {g g}xtg{o` g` våtbe`l{ bl`gvotel{ u qwg {g tgvtedwug on lxgtoflt g` xtlxltkeû` fetgkvo o {w tg`febeg`vl No{ tozl`g{ fgn obxnel w{l fgn vtodojl xlt xegzo {l` qwg no kno{g vtodojoflto nl g`veg`fg cïkenbg`vg. g{ {g`kennl fg oxnekot u g{. ofgbï{. w`l fg nl{ xno`g{ fg e`kg`vesl{ bï{ o`veawl{ u {g tgvtedwug g` gn ïtgo fg xtlfwkkeû`
6?XLNÂVEKO FG TGBW@GTOKEÛ@: Xïae`o ;8
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI CENBXOKI [OK veg`g klbl klbl xlnâveko fg tgbw`gtokeû` fg cïken klbxtg`fgt .ebxno`vot .ebxno`vot u fg ojw{vot{g kwo`fl {go `gkg{otel. vg`eg`fl g` kwg`vo nl{ n l{ xw`vl{ {eaweg`vg{ :
Gn xoal fg nl{ {wgnfl{ {wgnfl{ u {onotel{ fgdgtï {gt xw`vwon kofo ce` fg bg{ bg{ xoto vlfl gn xgt{l`on fg no gbxtg{o
[g xoaotï` vlfo{ vlfo{ no{ xtg{vokel`g{ qwg no ngu g{vodngkg9 klbl: {wgnfl. {onotel. {onotel. mlto{ g}vto{. g}vto{. sokokel`g{. g`vtg lvtl{
Gn xgtâlfl fg sokokel`g{ {g fgdg lvltaot fg{xwå{ fg modgt kwbxnefl w` oÿl fg nodltg{ Vlfl{ nl{ gbxngofl{ fgdg` kwbxnet kl` gn mltotel fg vtodojl. fg okwgtfl on kl`vtovofl kgngdtofl
Tgbw`gtot on xgt{l`on g` no bgfefo qwg {w kl`vtedwkeû` kl`nngsg on kwbxnebeg`vl fg nl{ ldjgvesl{ fg no ltao`ezokeû` kl` no ebxno`vokeû` fg w`o xlnâveko fg xoal xlt g{kono{ on ïtgo klbgtkeon . xwfeg`fl {gt g{vo tg`lsofo kofo sgz qwg gn ïtgo nl tgqwegto . u xoto gn ïtgo ofbe`e{vtoveso {gtï fg bo`gto fg kl`vtovl kl` {wgnfl{ uo cejofl{ xoto gn xgtelfl fg kofo w`l kgngdtofl .g` gn ïtgo fg xtlfwkkeû` {g bo`gjo` nl{ e`kg`vesl{ cejofl{ fg {gbo`o o {gbo`o xlt xtlfwkvl{ vgtbe`ofl{
G{vodngkgt no{ kl`fekel`g{ `gkg{oteo{ xoto qwg no{ tgbw`gtokel`g{ {g g`kwg`vtg` fg`vtl fgn `esgn fgn bgtkofl. no tobo fg okvesefof u fg`vtl fg no g{kono fg tgbw`gtokel`g{ xtgse{vo g` no ltao`ezokeû`
64TGAÂBG@G[ NODLTONG[: NODLTONG[: No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI CENBXOKI [OK xgtvg`gkg o no Vodno O`g}o `tl `tl 4 Kûfeal Kûfeal @º ;5 xlt {gt w`o [lkegfof O`û`ebo Kgttofo Xgtvg`gkeg`fl o XUBG{. {g tgcegtg o xgqwgÿo{ u bgfeo`o{ bgfeo`o{ gbxtg{o{" Xlt fgcgkvl no{ no{ bgfeo`o{ gbxtg{o{ {gtâo` no{ qwg sg`fg` bï{ fg W[& 178.888 fûnotg{ u g{ kl`{efgtofo klbl bgfeo`o gbxtg{o. o no sgz {ldtgxo{o nl{ ?188 WEV -?188 } ;388 2 [, 3.?48.88888% fg no{ sg`vo{ dtwvo{ dtwvo{ o`wong{ Xgtvg`gkg on Tåaebg` Ag`gton fg no{ Bgfeo`o{ gbxtg{o{ no kwon veg`g no{ {eaweg`vg{ kotokvgtâ{veko{:
Xïae`o ;?
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
DG@GCEKEL[ FG NL[ VTODOJOFLTG[ TGBW@GTOKEÛ@ BÂ@EBO SEVON KV[
BGFEO@O GBXTG[O [Â [Â
FG[KO@[L FG[KO@[L [GBO@O LDNEAOVLTEL
[Â
CGTEOFL[ @L NODLTODNG[
[Â
SOKOKEL@G[ ATOVEC XLT CEG[VO[ XOVTEO[ U @OSEFOF JLT@OFO BO]EBO
[Â [Â [Â -jlt`ofo fg vtodojl fg = mlto{ feoteo{%
[GAWTL [LKEON FG [ONWF
[Â -o{gawtofl{ tgawnotg{ fg G[ [onwf: 5'%
[E[VGBO XG@[EL@OTEL
[Â -o{gawtofl{ ldneaovltel{ fg no L@X l OCX%
E@FGB@EZOKEÛ@ XLT FG[XEFL OTDEVTOTEL
Xïae`o ;4
[Â
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
NGU FG [LKEGFO[FG[
Bgfeo`vg Ngu @º 43==1. ‛ G` G` gn Xgtú. no Ngu Ag`gton fg [lkegfofg{ tgawno no g{vtwkvwto u cw`kel`obeg`vl fg no{ {lkegfofg{ klbgtkeong{ G`vtg å{vo{ tgkl`lkg vtg{ vexl{: no {lkegfof o`û`ebo kgttofo kl` w` `úbgtl bï}ebl fg 48 {lkel{ u kl` tg{vtekkel`g{ o no ketkwnokeû` fg okkel`g{ No Ngu Ag`gton fg [lkegfofg{. g{ knoto g` {gÿonot qwg xoto kl`{vevwet w`o {lkegfof {g tgqwegtg klbl bâ`ebl no xotvekexokeû` fg 4 {lkel{. nl{ kwong{ nl{ kwg`vo no gbxtg{o Cenbxoki O{â be{bl. tgcegtg qwg g{vl{ {lkel{ xwgfg` vg`gt no konefof fg xgt{l`o `ovwton l xgt{l`o jwtâfeko -qwg {l` oqwgnno{ qwg {g kl`{vevwug` fg{fg {w e`{ktexkeû` g` gn tgae{vtl xúdnekl. u g{vï` tgawnofo{ xlt: Ngu Ag`gton fg [lkegfofg{. gn Kûfeal Kesen u Ngug{ g{xgkeong{ Xåtfefo fg no xnwtonefof fg {lkel{ G` gn {wxwg{vl qwg no {lkegfof xgtfegto gn bâ`ebl fg {lkel{. no gbxtg{o kl`slkotâo w`o jw`vo fg okkel`e{vo{ xoto xoto fgvgtbe`ot no xotvekexokeû` u gn e`atg{l fgn `wgsl `wgsl {lkel fg no gbxtg{o No {lkegfof {g kl`{vevwug xlt G{ktevwto Xúdneko. g` no qwg g{vï kl`vg`efl gn xokvl {lkeon. qwg e`knwug gn g{vovwvl Xoto kwonqwegt blfecekokeû` fg å{vl{ {g tgqwegtg no be{bo cltbonefof No G{ktevwto Xúdneko g{ gn e`{vtwbg`vl xúdnekl lvltaofl xlt gn @lvotel Xúdnekl bgfeo`vg gn kwon {g ng lvltao ngaonefof u sonefgz o nl{ okvl{ kgngdtofl{ xlt nl{ xotvekwnotg{
6; O[EA@OKEÛ@ FG TGBW@GTOKEL@G[ [GAÚ@ BLFONEFOFG[ FG KL@VTOVOKEL@
No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI CENBXOKI oxneko no {eaweg`vg blfonefof blfonefof fg kl`vtovl fg{fg fg{fg w` {wgnfl bâ`ebl g` owbg`vl fg okwgtfl o no{ kotokvgtâ{veko{ kotokvgtâ{veko{ fgn xwg{vl u fgn bgtkofl u kl` vlfl{ nl{ dg`gcekel{ qwg no ngu g}eag fg okwgtfl okwgtfl on tåaebg` nodlton on qwg xgtvg`gkg no gbxtg{o 6;? KL@VTOVL XLT @GKG[EFOFG[ FGN BGTKOFL: Gn kl`vtovl vgbxlton xlt `gkg{efofg{ fgn bgtkofl g{ oqwgn qwg {g kgngdto g`vtg w` gbxngoflt u w` vtodojoflt kl` gn ldjgvl fg ovg`fgt e`ktgbg`vl{ kluw`vwtong{ fg no xtlfwkkeû` lteae`ofl{ xlt soteokel`g{ {w{vo`keong{ fg no fgbo`fo g` gn bgtkofl ow` kwo`fl {g vtovg fg nodltg{ ltfe`oteo{ qwg cltbg` xotvg fg no okvesefof `ltbon fg no gbxtg{o u qwg `l xwgfg` {gt {ove{cgkmo{ kl` xgt{l`on xgtbo`g`vg
Xïae`o ;;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
G{vg kl`vtovl xwgfg {gt tg`lsofl {wkg{esobg`vg mo{vo gn våtbe`l g{vodngkefl xlt gn Otvâkwnl 16¸ fg no Ngu g` kwg{veû`. gn kwon {gÿono klbl xnozl bï}ebl fg fwtokeû` ke`kl -7% oÿl{
66
AG@GTOKEÛ@ FG XNO@ENNO[ U XOAL FG TGBW@GTOKEL@G[ G` gn Ïtgo fg Kl`vodenefof {g ag`gto` no{ xno`enno{ fgn xgt{l`on" No{ tgbw`gtokel`g{ tgbw`gtokel`g{ {l` xoaofo{ kofo ce` fg bg{. {eg`fl gn mltotel mltotel xoto gn ïtgo fg xtlfwkkeû` gn {eaweg`vg {eaweg`vg fg 1:88 ob o ;:88 xb u xoto gn ïtgo ofbe`e{vtoveso kwbxneg`fl w` mltotel fg 5:88ob 5:88ob o 3 xb. xb. {g g`vtgao no dlngvo fg xoal xoal klttg{xl`feg`vg fg kofo vtodojoflt . no gbxtg{o xoao mlto{ g}vto{ o vlfl{ oqwgnnl{ vtodojofltg{ qwg xo{g` no jlt`ofo nodlton {gaú` no `gkg{efof fgn vtodojl u o vlfl{ oqwgnnl{ oqwgnnl{ vtodojofltg{ qwg xo{g` no jlt`ofo nodlton von u klbl fekg no ngu 47' bï{ no{ 4º xtebgto{ mlto{ u ;7' ;7' bï{ o xotvet fg no ;º mlto. {egbxtg u kwo`fl {go `gkg{otel qwg gn lxgtotel {g qwgfg mokeg`fl nodltg{ g}xnekevo{ xlt ltfg` fg no gbxtg{o Gn `úbgtl fg xgt{l`o{ qwg {g g`kwg`vto g` xno`enno g{ fg 6;@l mou xgt{l`on nodlto`fl g` lvto blfonefof u {g fe{vtedwug fg no {eaweg`vg bo`gto {gaú` kg`vtl k g`vtl fg kl{vl{:
Ofbe`e{vtovesl: 4; vtodojofltg{
Sg`vo{: 1 vtodojofltg{
Xtlfwkkeû`: ?; vtodojofltg{
No{ tgbw`gtokel`g{ {l` xoaofo{ xoaofo{ g` gcgkvesl kofo ce` fg bg{9 bg{9 u xl{vgteltbg`vg {g ng g`vtgao xno`enno klttg{xl`feg`vg o kofo vtodojoflt9 xoto nl kwon cetbo` w` nedtl fg kotal fg tgkgxkeû` fg no xno`enno. xoto vg`gt klbl kl`{vo`keo no {onefo fg fe`gtl kl` ce` tgbw`gtovesl
67
VTEDWVL[ U KOTAO[ [LKEONG[
No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI veg`g nl{ {eaweg`vg{ vtedwvl{ v tedwvl{ u kotao {lkeon: vtodojofltg{ w` {gawtl {lkeon kl` w`o vo{o 5' {gaú` no ngu G[[ONWF" No gbxtg{o o{ea`o o {w{ vtodojofltg{
[KTV 9Xoto gn xgt{l`on fg xtlfwkkeû` {eg`fl gn oxltvg fg ?46' G` no {eaweg`vg xno`enno xno`enno {g fgvonno no{ Tgbw`gtokel`g{ odl`ofo{ o nl{ vtodojofltg{ fg no gbxtg{o g` @lsegbdtg fgn 48?8 G` gnno. {g xwgfg oxtgkeot oxtgkeot no tgbw`gtokeû` dï{eko9 gn oxltvg fgn nl{ nl{ vtodojofltg{ nl{ kwong{ 5 {g g`kwg`vto` g` no L@X kl` w` oxltvg fgn ?;' u ;4 oceneofl{ o no{ OCX―[ OCX―[ kl` {w{ tg{xgkvesl{ tg{xgkvesl{ oxltvg{ {gaú` OCX OCX
gngaefo xlt kofo vtodojoflt
Xïae`o ;6
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XNO@ENNO FG TGBW@GTOKEL@G[ CENBXOKI [OK " XNO@ENNO FG @LSEGBDTG FGN 48?8 VTEDWVL[ U OXLTVG[ FGN VTODOJOFLT @LBDTG[ U OXGNNEFL[
KOTAL
[WNGFL [ONOTEL
O[EA@OKEL@ COBENEOT TGBW@GTOKEL@ BG@[WON
@¸
[XX OCX [GAWTL KLBE[EL@ L@X
?
Gteki Slagnbo`` D
AGTG@VG A
?8.88888
7788
?8.87788
4 ; 6
Jl`mJwotgz [ Oflncl [o`kmgz B G{vgdo` Vlttg{ S
AGTG@VG C AGTG@VG K JGCG FG XTL
3.88888 7.88888 ;.=8888
7788 7788 7788
3.87788 7.87788 ;.=7788
7 3
Tg`zl [wozl K Boteo Notg{ N
KL@VOFLT A O[E[VG@VG
6.78888 4.88888
7788
6.77788 4.88888
1 = 5
Fgw{o Ko{vtl K Tl}o`o Ngl`B Dgv{u Kotto{kl N
OW]ENEOT JC FG KLDT "KTG O[E[V FG AGT
?.48888 ;.78888 ?.78888
?8 ?? ?4
O`o Tljo{ @ Gfedgtvl Bgfe`o N E{odgn Kotbgnl B
VG[LTGTL JC FG ONBOKG@ KLLTFE@OFLTO
;.78888 ;.88888 4.78888
?; ?6 ?7
Gfwotfl Xowkot X Sekvlt Kegzo K Jl{g Botve` Ko{vennl _
EKONEFOF EKONEFOF [WXGTSE[LT
4.=8888 4.=8888 4.78888
7788
4.=8888 4.=8888 4.77788
?3 ?1 ?=
Tekotfl Bgzo O Ctgfu Mwobo`eK Jl{g Voxeo X
[WXTGSE[LT BO@VG@EBEG@V BO@VG@EBEG@V
4.78888 ?.88888 ?.88888
7788 7788
4.78888 ?.87788 ?.87788
?;1?7 ?;1?7
?5 48
Onekeo Klgnnl K Neneo`o Dg`osg`vg N
SG@FGFLT SG@FGFLT
=8888 =8888
7788 7788
?.7=688 ?.=8888
4;688
4? 44 4;
Toqwgn [o`kmgz N Tldgtvl Sefon G Tekmotv Vwgtl B
SG@FGFLT SG@FGFLT K SG@FGFLT K
=8888 =8888 =8888
7788 7788 7788
4.7=788 ;.6?788 ;.75688
46 47 43
Jml{gne`O`ekobo G Usl``g[o`kmgz O Boteo Vlttg{ D
SG@FGFLT K SG@FGFLT K OVG@KEL@ K
?.88888 ?.88888 ?.88888
41 4= 45
Agtbo` Bgfe`o O [ebgû` Ottlnnl V Ong} Kl`fg [
ONBOKG@GTL ONBOKG@GTL BGZKNOFLT
58888 58888 ?.48888
7788 7788 7788
XTLCW
XTEBO
58657
58657
113=3
7363? 6?63? 4;63?
6.1?;7; ;.5765; ;.85137
76657 67657 ;6357
76657 67657 ;6357
;;53?
;.7511; ?.16888
68557 ?=888
68557 ?=888
?8=88 ;?557 ?;788
?8=88 ;?557 ?;788
673??
?=53?
673??
?=53? ??63? ;?;3
4.5854= 4.743?; 4.?61=5
;?557 41657 44788
;?557 41657 44788
;41;8
13;3 13;3 ;53?
4.;7153 4.;7153 4.?==85
47488 47488 44557
47488 47488 44557
;4847
;?;3
4.?6=;5 5?1=7 5?1=7
44788 5657 5657
44788 5657 5657
6?643 ;4817 ;373= ;373=
483=1 ;;??6 6;163 63??? 7=8;8 7758; ?;838 ?46?7 47154
?.5=688
47154
?.;11?; ?.73388
?6473 ?3488
?6473 ?3488
66?? ?3=3? ?5763
4.48517 4.=8=54 4.5;16;
4;437 ;81;7 ;4;63
4;437 ;81;7 ;4;63
;;6=? 45=66
;.381=5 ;.64;8; =3568
68181 ;=747 5888
68181 ;=747 5888
=4778 =;8=7 ?.1438=
=757 =757 ?1=73
4638
=757 =757 48;?3
?4578
Nwe{ Bouwte B
BGZKNOFLT
?.48888
@envl`Tlfteawgz B Gfaotfl Tlbwonfl B Knowfel G{xgjl N Qeneob{Feoz X [onlbl` Al`zong{ A [own Bwÿlz X
G]VTWKVLT G]VTWKVLT G]VTWKVLT G]VTWKVLT G]VTWKVLT G]VTWKVLT
?.78888 ?.78888 ?.78888 ?.78888 ?.78888 ?.78888
;1
Kotnl{ Tlbgtl Onsotofl
G]VTWKVLT
?.78888
4.611?4
;=
Uwte Al`zong{ N
G]VTWKVLT
?.78888
4.611?4
;?1;4
;5 68
Botkl Sennosekg`kel B Kg{ot Tljo{ O
TGDLDE@OFLT TGDLDE@OFLT
?.88888 ?.88888
?.1=754 ?.37773
44=1= 4?48=
6? 64 6;
Nwe{ Mwobo` B Ctgfu Mwobo`e O Kotnl{ Tlfteawgz A
TGDLDE@OFLT SEAENO@VG SEAENO@VG
?.88888 58888 58888
7788 7788
?.37773 57788 57788
?46?7 ?46?7
=1.?8888
?.;4888
??7.6617=
?.37375
VLVONG[
1.;;5?3
48;68
;? ;4 ;; ;6 ;7 ;3
7788
15=36
?.8634= 4.5854= ?.45338
;8
7788 7788 7788
?.5?148
?7;14
57788 57788 ?.5=688 4.73;6= 4.73;6= 4.73;6= 4.611?4 4.611?4 4.611?4
?.1438=
?1=73
4638
48;?3
;?1=?
68=5 68=5 68=5 415; 415; 415;
4.?1655 4.?1655 4.?1655 4.??;45 4.??;45 4.?;?;1
4;81? 4;81? 4;81? 44456 44456 44456
;?15 ;?15 ;?15 ;814 ;814 ;814
43478 43478 43478 47;33 47;33 47;33
;?1=?
415;
4.?;?;1
44456
;814
47;33
;613? ;613? ;613? ;;758 ;;758
415;
4?46?
6.4=13;
VLVOON OXLTVG[
@GVL O XOAOT
3?133
;.77788 ;.87788 4.78888
[KTV
EBXWG[VL O NO TG@VO
43888
?.48888 ;.77788 ?.78888
GBXNGOFLT
G[[ONWF
E@VGATO
3=763 74416
6.74;88 6.4=878 ?.88888 7788 7788
MLTEZ
VTEDWVL[ U OXLTVG[ FGN GBXIGOFLT
4.;4=86
?.341=3
7.=?361
6.68613
Xïae`o ;7
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
4.?;?=1
44456
;814
47;33
?.771?6 ?.66;6=
?381; ?6588
44?7 487;
?=4== ?357;
?.66;?7 =;8=7 =;8=7
?6588 =757 =757
487;
?357; =757 =757
57.;434;
?8.;584=
;3?;7
?8.17?3;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Xïae`o ;3
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
KOXÂVWNL EEE: XLNEVEKO VTEDWVOTEO No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI CENBXOKI [OK {g g`kwg`vto klbxtg`fefo g` gn Tåaebg` Ag`gton fgn Ebxwg{vl o no Tg`vo .Tåaebg` ofgkwofl g{xgkeonbg`vg xoto no{ bgfeo`o{ u ato`fg{ gbxtg{o{ qwg ag`gto` e`atg{l{ xlt tg`vo{ fg vgtkgto kovgaltâo u fg{ottlnno` okvesefofg{ {e` qwg vg`ao` qwg kwbxnet kl`fekel`g{ l tgqwe{evl{ g{xgkeong{ xoto g{vot klbxtg`fefo{ g` gn
TÅAEBG@ AG@GTON Fgce`ekeû` Gn Ebxwg{vl o no Tg`vo fg Vgtkgto Kovgaltâo atoso no tg`vo ldvg`efo xlt no tgonezokeû` fg okvesefofg{ gbxtg{oteong{ qwg fg{ottlnno` no{ xgt{l`o{ `ovwtong{ u jwtâfeko{ Ag`gtonbg`vg A g`gtonbg`vg g{vo{ tg`vo{ {g xtlfwkg` xlt no xotvekexokeû` kl`jw`vo fg no e`sgt{eû` fgn koxevon u gn vtodojl O kl`ve`wokeû` {g bwg{vto` onaw`o{ okvesefofg{ qwg ag`gto` tg`vo{ atosofo{ kl` g{vg ebxwg{vl: o% No{ tg`vo{ qwg tg{wnvg` fg no tgonezokeû` fg okvesefofg{ qwg kl`{vevwuo` `galkel modevwon. vong{ klbl no{ klbgtkeong{. e`fw{vteong{ u be`gto{9 no g}xnlvokeû` oatlxgkwoteo. cltg{von. xg{qwgto l fg lvtl{ tgkwt{l{ `ovwtong{9 no xtg{vokeû` fg {gtsekel{ klbgtkeong{. ce`o`kegtl{. e`fw{vteong{. vto`{xltvg{. gvk d% Vobdeå` {g kl`{efgto` atosofo{ atosofo{ kl` g{vg ebxwg{vl. g`vtg lvto{. no{ ag`gtofo{ ag`gtofo{ xlt: "
Nl{ oag`vg{ bgfeofltg{ fg klbgtkel. vong{ klbl klttgfltg{ fg {gawtl{ u klbe{el`e{vo{ bgtko`veng{
"
Nl{ Tgbovofltg{ u Botvenngtl{
"
Nl{ @lvotel{
k% Ofgbï{. kl`{vevwug tg`vo atosofo fg Vgtkgto Kovgaltâo kwonqwegt lvto ao`o`keo l e`atg{l ldvg`efl xlt no{ xgt{l`o{ jwtâfeko{ Xwgfg` oklagt{g vobdeå` o g{vg tåaebg` vtedwvotel. no{ xgqwgÿo{ gbxtg{o{ qwg o{â nl xtgcegto`. oklaefo{ on Fgktgvl Ngae{novesl ?8=3"Ngu fg BUXG[ u {w tganobg`vl Do{g ngaon: Otv 4=¸ fgn VWL fg no ngu fgn ET. oxtldofl xlt F [ @¸ ?15"4886"GC xwdnekofl gn 8="?4"4886 u otv 7¸ fgn VWL fg no ngu BUXG"F [ @¸ 881"488="VT xwdnekofl gn ;8"85"8= Nl{ e`atg{l{ ag`gtofl{ fg`vtl fgn xgtelfl {l` boultg{ o ?78 WEV{. xlt nl qwg {g g`kwg`vto g` no ldneaokeû` fg nngsot w`o kl`vodenefof klbxngvo
Xïae`o ;1
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Nedtl{ Kl`vodng{: Kl`vodenefof Klbxngvo
Nedtl fg Okvo{ fg no Jw`vo ag`gton fg okkel`e{vo{
Gn Nedtl Kojo u Do`kl
Gn Nedtl fg E`sg`votel{ E `sg`votel{ u Dono`kg{
gn Nedtl Feotel
gn Nedtl Boult
gn Tgae{vtl fg Klbxto{
gn Tgae{vtl fg Sg`vo{
Ofgbï{ fg okwgtfl o no ngu fgn ebxwg{vl o no tg`vo u g` ko{l no gbxtg{o {g g`kwg`vtg ldneaofo. {g oatgao`:
Nl{ Tgae{vtl{ fg Okvesl{ Cejl{
Tgae{vtl fg Kl{vl{
Tgae{vtl fg E`sg`votel xgtbo`g`vg g` w`efofg{ câ{eko{
Tgae{vtl fg E`sg`votel Xgtbo`g`vg sonltezofl
Do{g ngaon: Tg{lnwkeû` fg [wxgte`vg`fg`keo @¸ 4;6"4883,[W@OV 4;6"4883,[W@OV xwdnekofo gn ;8"?4"4883 u otvâkwnl 41¸ fgn fgktgvl ngae{novesl @¸ ?8=3
7? KONKWNL FG VTEDWVL[: Nl{ vtedwvl{ o nl{ qwg g{vï` g{vï` {wjgvl{ xlt {w{ okvesefofg{ klbgtkeong{. e`fw{vteong{ u fg ebxltvokeû` {l`:
Ebxwg{vl ag`gton o no{ sg`vo{ -EAS%" Uo qwg nl{ xtlfwkvl{ qwg klbgtkeonezo no gbxtg{o g{vo` ocgkvl{ {gaú` no ngu fgn eas kl` w`o vo{o fgn ?5' u g` no okvwonefof kl` gn ?=' fg{fg gn ?"8;"48??
Do{g ebxl`edng: g{vï kl`{vevwefl xlt gn sonlt fg sg`vo fgn otvâkwnl
Ebxwg{vl o no tg`vo -ET% Xlt ag`gtot e`atg{l{ fg vgtkgto kovgaltâo uo qwg klbxtg`fg` gn koxevon fg vtodojl {gaú` no ngu fg ET kl` w` ;8' {ldtg {w{ e`atg{l{ `gvl{
Xïae`o ;=
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
CENBXOKI [OK ag`gto tg`vo{ fgtesofo{ fgn klbgtkel u no e`fw{vteo. g{ xlt gnnl gnnl qwg atoso gn ebxwg{vl o no tg`vo
kl`{efgtï`fl{g fg`vtl fg no vgtkgto kovgaltâo. no vo{o fg g{vg ebxwg{vl g{ fgn ;8' Ldjgvl fgn ebxwg{vl: g{vg vtedwvl vtedwvl atoso no sg`vo. xtg{vokeû` l wvenezokeû` fg fg w` {gtsekel o{â klbl no ebxltvokeû` fg vlfl{ nl{ deg`g{ Do{g ebxl`edng: g{vï kl`{vevwefo xlt gn sonlt so nlt KEC ofwo`gtl fgvgtbe`ofl {gaú` gn Okwgtfl fgn Sonlt fg no LBK bï{ nl{ fgtgkml{ oto`kgnotel{ u fgbï{ ebxwg{vl{ qwg atoso` no ebxltvokeû` Vo{o ebxl{eveso: ?3' -*% Ngu @¸ 45333. xwdnekofo gn 48 fg cgdtgtl fg 48?? Ebxwg{vl fg Xtlblkeû` Bw`ekexon "EXB
Ldjgvl fgn ebxwg{vl: g{vg vtedwvl atoso no ebxltvokeû` fg nl{ deg`g{ ocgkvl{ on EAS Do{g ebxl`edng: no be{bo do{g ebxl`edng qwg xoto gn EAS Vo{o ebxl{eveso: 4'
74 KONKWNL FG AG[VEL@ FG FGVTOKKEL@G[ . TGVG@KEL@G[ U XGTKGXKEL@G[
FGVTOKKEL@TGAEBG@
FG FGVTOKKEL@G[ FGVTOKKEL@G[ FGN EAS -[XLV%
No gbxtg{o CENBXOKI tgonezo no fgvtokkeû` o no gbxtg{o fg vto`{xltvg qwg ng xtg{vo {w{ {gtsekel{ o no mlto fg vto`{xltvot nobgtkofgtâofgn nlkon fg {w{ xtlsggfltg{ o {w xno`vo fg xtlfwkkeû` u nngsot nl{ xgfefl{ o {w{ kneg`vg{ Vobdeå` mokg no fgvtokkeû` o no gbxtg{o qwg ng tgonezo gn bo`vg`ebeg`vl fg {w{ boqwe`o{ Kl`{e{vg dï{ekobg`vg g` no fgvtokkeû` -fg{kwg`vl% qwg gcgkvúo gn klbxtoflt l w{wotel fg w` deg` l {gtsekel ocgkvl on {e{vgbo. fg w` xltkg`vojg fgn ebxltvg o xoaot xlt g{vo{ lxgtokel`g{. xoto nwgal fgxl{evotnl g` gn Do`kl fg no @okeû`. g` w`o kwg`vo kltteg`vg o `lbdtg fgn sg`fgflt l qweg` xtg{vo gn {gtsekel Å{vg. xlt {w xotvg. wvenezotï nl{ cl`fl{ fgxl{evofl{ g` {w kwg`vo xoto gcgkvwot gn xoal fg {w{ ldneaokel`g{ vtedwvoteo{ Nl{ bl`vl{ fgxl{evofl{ g` no{ kwg`vo{ qwg `l {g oalvg` kwbxnefl gn xnozl {gÿonofl xlt no `ltbo nwgal qwg mwdegto` {efl fg{ve`ofl{ on xoal fg vtedwvl{. {gtï` kl`{efgtofl{ fg nedtg fe{xl`edenefof xoto gn vevwnot
Xïae`o ;5
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
FGCE@EKEÛ@
XLTKG@VOJG
4
Ottg`fobeg`vl fg deg`g{ Y?R
?4'
;
Bo`vg`ebeg`vl u tgxotokeû` fg deg`g{ bwgdng{ Y7R
5'
6
Blsebeg`vl fg kotao Y;R
?4'
7
Lvtl{ {gtsekel{ gbxtg{oteong{ Y;R
?4'
3
Klbe{eû` bgtko`ven Y4R
?4'
1
Codtekokeû` fg deg`g{ xlt g`kotal Y4R Y;R
?4'
=
[gtsekel fg vto`{xltvg fg xgt{l`o{ Y4R
?4'
5
Kl`vtovl{ fg kl`{vtwkkeû` Y6R
7'
XGTKGXKEL@G[
No gbxtg{o cenbxoki veg`g xgtkgxkel`g{ kwo`fl tgonezo no klbxto fg klbdw{vedng fg nl{ vto`{xltvg{ Tåaebg` fg Xgtkgxkel`g{ fgn EAS oxnekodng o no ofqwe{ekeû` fg klbdw{vedng{ G{ w` tåaebg` oxnekodng o no{ lxgtokel`g{ fg ofqwe{ekeû` fg klbdw{vedng{ nâqwefl{ fgtesofl{ fgn xgvtûngl. atosofl{ kl` gn EAS. xlt gn kwon nl{ {wjgvl{ qwg okvúg` g` no klbgtkeonezokeû` fg g{vl{ klbdw{vedng{ u qwg mouo` {efl fg{ea`ofl{ klbl Oag`vg{ fg Xgtkgxkeû`. kldtotï` ofekel`onbg`vg o {w{ Kneg`vg{. gn ebxltvg tg{wnvo`vg fg oxnekot w` xltkg`vojg {gÿonofl bgfeo`vg Fgktgvl [wxtgbl tgctg`fofl xlt gn Be`e{vgtel
TGVG@KEL@
CENBXOKI `l g{ oag`vg tgvg`gflt. xgtl {e veg`g kneg`vg{ qwg nl {l` u kwo`fl tgonezo sg`vo{ gnnl{ ng mokg` no tgvg`keû` fgn 3' fgn bl`vl fg no sg`vo
Xïae`o 68
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
7; EBXWG[VL O NO TG@VO. KTÅFEVL CE[KON: CE[KON : O kl`ve`wokeû` xtg{g`votgbl{ w` gjgbxnl kl` tgcgtg`keo on bg{ fg JW@EL fgn 48?8:
SG@VO[ JW@EL 48?8 No{ sg`vo{ g` gn bg{ fg Jw`el fgn 48?8 cwgtl` fg no {eaweg`vg cltbo: TGAE[VTL FG SG@VO[ ‛ JW@EL 48?8
SONLT FG SG@VO
EAS ?5'
XTGKEL FG SG@VO
7.5==.?1448
?.?;1.174=8
1.?47.547
KLBXTO[ FG JW@EL 48?8 No{ sg`vo{ g` gn bg{ fg Jw`el fgn 48?8 cwgtl` fg no {eaweg`vg cltbo: TGAE[VTL FG KLBXTO[ ‛ JW@EL 48?8
SONLT FG SG@VO
EAS ?5'
XTGKEL FG SG@VO
3.=4=.86?48
?.451.;41=8
=.?47.;3588
Fgvgtbe`okeû` fg no fgwfo EAS NE_WEFOKEL@ FG EBXWG[VL[ EAS SG@VO[ ?.?;1.174=8 EAS KLBXTO[ ?.451.;41=8 TGVG@KEL@ U XGTKGXKEL@ 6?.?8888 EAS XLT XOAOT ??=.61788 KTGFEVL O@VGTELT "38.88888 XLT XOAOT 7=.61788
Xïae`o 6?
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
76 KONKWNL[ FG VTEDWVL[ OFWO@GTL[ EBXLTVOKEL@
CENBXOKI tgonezo lxgtokel`g{ fg ebxltvokeû` fg xlnegveng`l fg dojo fg`{efof. nl qwg nl mokg {wjgvl o vtedwvl{ ofwo`gtl{ u fg ebxltvokeû`. nl{ kwong{ {l` kldtofl{ g` no cokvwto fg klbxto qwg {l` xoaofl{ on oag`vg fg ofwo`o qwg g{ gn qwg {g g`kotao fg vlfl{ nl{ vtïbevg{ ofwo`gtl{ . fgjo`fl no bgtkofgtâo g` gn onbokå` fg xtlfwkkeû` fg CENBXOKI
77 XLNÂVEKO U XTLKGFEBEG@VL[ FG OWFEVLTÂO OXNEKODNG[ OXNEKODNG[ O NO GBXTG[O: LDJGVESL[ FG NO OWFEVLTEO TG[WBG@ AG@GTON Fg cltbo ag`gton {g ocetbo qwg gn ldjgvesl fg no owfevlteo g{ sgtecekot [e nl{ {onfl{ fgn okvesl fg no kojo u do`kl. tgxtg{g`vo` tgonbg`vg fe`gtl g` gcgkvesl Xtlxegfof fg no gbxtg{o g` xlfgt fg no gbxtg{o l, g` vto`{evl [e
nl{ {onfl{ xo{esl{ fg kojo u do`kl{ tgklag` vlfo{ no{ fgwfo{ kl`vtoâfo{ xlt no gbxtg{o G` {w{ tgnokel`g{ kl` vgtkgtl{
[e
vlfl{ nl{ {onfl{ g{vï` fgdefobg`vg fg{ktevl{ u kno{ecekofl{ g` nl{ g{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{
[e
g` nl{ g{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{ {g fg{anl{o` no e`cltbokeû` `gkg{oteo xoto no vlvon E`vgtxtgvokeû` fg g{vl{ {onfl{
[e
g{vï` ld{gtso`fl vlfo{ no{ `ltbo{ ngaong{ oxnekodng{ o g{vo kno{g fg vto`{okkel`g{
[e
nl{ xtlkgfebeg`vl{ ofbe`e{vtovesl{ u no{ `ltbo{ fg kl`vtln e`vgt`l fgce`efl{ xlt no Fetgkkeû` xoto g{vg {gkvlt {g g{vï` oxneko`fl klttgkvobg`vg u {e vong{ xtlkgfebeg`vl{ u @ltbo{ fg kl`vtln e`vgt`l fgce`efl{ xlt no fetgkkeû` xoto g{vg {gkvlt {g g{vï` oxneko`fl Klttgkvobg`vg u {e vong{ xtlkgfebeg`vl{ u `ltbo{ {l` no{ bo{ ofgkwofl{ xoto o{gawtot
Xïae`o 64
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
W` dwg` kl`vtln {ldtg nl{ {onfl{ fg g{vo{ kwg`vo{
No{ kwg`vo{ qwg mouo` vg`efl blsebeg`vl{ fwto`vg gn xo{ofl oÿl u qwg oxotgzko` {onfofo{ On kegttg fg nl{ gjgtkekel{ e`feko`fl nl{ fgvonng{ fg fekmo{ kwg`vo{
Kwonqwegt lvto e`cltbokeû` tgnoveso o no{ lxgtokel`g{ fg no gbxtg{o owfevofo kl` gn do`kl
Klbxtldot no cwg`vg fg ldvg`keû` fgn dono`kg fg klbxtldokeû` u fgn fg {evwokeû`
Klbg`vot gn tg{wnvofl u gn fg{ottlnnl fgn `galkel kl` gn fetgkvlt ag`gton l agtg`vg {ldtg no Do{g fg g{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{ xtg{g`vofl{ xlt no gbxtg{o
Tgse{ot no {lnwkeû` fg nl{ xtldngbo{ qwg {g mouo` xtg{g`vofl on kegttl fgn gjgtkekel
Tgse{ot gn g{vofl ce`o`kegtl
Tg{wbet no{ fgcekeg`keo{ g`kl`vtofo{ u klbg`votno{ kl` gn tg{xl`{odng fgn fgxotvobg`vl O`lvo`fl gn klbg`votel fg no gnodltokeû`
[g fgdg fg g{ktedet w` e`cltbg fgn vtodojl tgonezofl u {g fgdg klbg`vot kl` no{ xgt{l`o{ Ocgkvofo{
Fg{xwå{ fg w` vegbxl tokel`on fg{fg no gbe{eû` fgn e`cltbg {g veg`g qwg klbg`vot kl` nl{ Tg{xgkvesl{ tg{xl`{odng{ fg nl{ fgxotvobg`vl{. no{ bgfefo{ oflxvofo{ xoto gnebe`otno{ No{ fgcekeg`keo{ g`kl`vtofo{
O{â be{bl {g sgteceko` no ebxno`vokeû` fg nl{ `wgsl{ xtlkgfebeg`vl{ l bgfeof fg kl`vtln E`vgt`l g` sgtecekokeû` {g motï g` no {eaweg`vg owfevlteo o`won. uo qwg {g xwgfg kl`{efgtot
_wg w` oÿl g{ gn vegbxl bâ`ebl xoto sgtecekot no ebxno`vokeû`
Gn kl`voflt {g g`kotao fg no fgknotovlteo fg nl{ ebxwg{vl{ u no flkwbg`vokeû` okvwonezofl
Xïae`o 6;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Tgse{ofl xlt gn agtg`vg ag`gton u o {w sgz gn agtg`vg ce`o`kegtl u g{ xtg{g`vofl o no Owfevlteo klttg{xl`feg`vg
KOXEVWNL ES G[VTWKVWTO FG KL[VL[ GNGBG@VL[ FGN KL[VL
XTLFWKVL [VTGVKM CENB
BOVGTEO XTEBO FETGKVO
BO@L FG LDTO FETGKVO
KEC" LVTL[ KL[VL[ E@FETGKVL[
XNO@ECEKOKEÛ@. XNO@ECEKOKEÛ@. GSONWOKEÛ@ U KL@VTLN G[VTOVÅAEKL FG NO AG[VEÛ@ FG KL[VL KL[VL[ XLT XTLKG[L[ " XGTELFL JW@EL 48?8
O kl`ve`wokeû` {g fgvonno` nl{ xtlkg{l{ xtlfwkvesl{ fg no gbxtg{o:
Xïae`o 66
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
? Xtlkg{l fg Bgzkno: G{ gn xtebgt xtlkg{l u gn bï{ ebxltvo`vg fg vlfl{. oqwâ g{ fl`fg {g fgce`g no klbde`okeû` fg nl{ bovgteong{ wvenezofl{ g` no codtekokeû` fgn [vtgvkm Cenb u {w xtlxltkeû` W`o conno g` g{vg xtlkg{l ocgkvotâo no konefof fgn xtlfwkvl u ag`gtotâo {ldtg kl{vl{ xoto no klbxoÿâo klbxoÿâo No cltbwnokeû` fgxg`fg fgxg`fg fg no{ g{xgkecekokel`g{ g{xgkecekokel`g{ {lnekevofo{ {lnekevofo{ xlt gn kneg`vg u fg no kno{g fg xtlfwkvl o xtlfwket Nl qwg {g klbde`o g` g{vg xtlkg{l g{ gn Xlnegveng`l. xgaobg`vl. ofevesl{ u klnlto`vg{9 vlfl{ g{vl{ {l` tgvetofl{ t gvetofl{ fgn onbokå` bgfeo`vg w` tgqwgtebeg`vl e`vgt`l
XTLKG[L FG BGZKNO BGZKNO BOVGTEO XTEBO IA XLNEGVENG@L XTLFWKVL FG [GAW@FO
?=844778 311531 ?=1887?1 XGAOBG@VL ;4?331 OFEVESL[ U KLNLTO@VG[ =3;; VLVON BOVGTEO XTEBO ?58;8=?1 KL[VL[ XTLFWKKEL@ G@ [LNG[ BOVGTEO XTEBO BO@L FG LDTO G@GTAEO E@FETGKVL[ [WDVLVON FGXTGKEOKEL@ VLVON KL[VL[ XTLFWKKEL@
IA FGN XTLKG[L FG BGZKNO
[LNG[ K,W [LNG[ =4331731 675 47685?1 ;17 =748=6=; 673 ;38;6=; ??48 5;;=; ?8=4 ==587;78 631 jw`" ?? ==587;;; 67?888 5?8731 635588 581;3=88 4?18;; 5857;=;;
?58;8=?331
KL[VL FGN XTLKG[L FG BGZKNO E@S BGZKNO IA E@SG@VOTEL E@EKEON XTLFWKKEL@ [ONEFO XOTO XTLK G]VTW[EL@" AM AMELNFE [ONEFO XOTO XTLK G]VTW[EL@" KO[M [ONEFO XLT VTO@[CGTG@KEO[ E@SG@VOTEL CE@ON
Xïae`o 67
6.1= [LNG[ 6=;88 ?58;8=?1 ?7441578 ;1343?1 68=88 61178
4;8888 5857;=;; 1?5?;1=; ?=4=76;; 181431 411;78
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
4 Xtlkg{l fg G}vtw{eû`: G{ w`l fg nl{ båvlfl{ bï{ wvenezofl{ xoto xtlkg{ot tg{e`o{ vgtblxnï{veko{. uo qwg xgtbevg ldvg`gt xegzo{ fg bo`gto kl`ve`wo kl` cltbo{ u febg`{el`g{ kl`{vo`vg{ Gn bovgteon xnï{vekl g{ gbxwjofl xlt w` vlt`ennl {e`câ` o vtoså{ fg w` kene`ftl qwg okodo g` w`o dlqwenno. nl qwg xtlfwkg w`o veto fg nl`aevwf e`fgce`efo Kobdeo`fl no cltbo fg no dlqwenno {g xwgfg` ldvg`gt dotto{ fg fe{ve`vl{ xgtceng{ ; G` gn xtlkg{l fg g}vtw{eû` {g codteko` vtg{ vexl{ fg [vtgvkm Cenb: Gn Bo`won. Owvlbïvekl u gn fg Onebg`vl{ Gn [vtgvkm Cenb Bo`won {g codteko g` ato`fg{ dlde`o{ qwg nwgal xo{o` on xtlkg{l fg tgdlde`ofl fl`fg {g kl`segtvg g` dlde`o{ fg fecgtg`vg{ bgfefo{ u xg{l{ fg okwgtfl on tgqwgtebeg`vl fgn kneg`vg Gn [vtgvkm Cenb Owvlbïvekl {w{ dlde`o{ {l` fg bg`ltg{ febg`{el`g{ u {w cltbwnokeû` g{ fe{ve`vo on bo`won xoto xlfgt {lxltvot no vg`{eû` on qwg g{ g}xwg{vl xlt no{ bïqwe`o{ g`slnsgfltg{ g` oqwgnnl{ kneg`vg{ qwg wvenezo` g{vg {e{vgbo xoto gbdonot {w{ xtlfwkvl{ @l xo{o xlt gn xtlkg{l fg tgdlde`ofl. fg ctg`vg so xoto gn xtlkg{l fg konefof No bovgteo xtebo fgn xtlkg{l fg G}vtw{eû` {l` nl{ Ienlatobl{ fg Bovgteong{ bgzknofl{ g` gn xtlkg{l fg Bgzkno XTLKG[L FG G]VTW[EL@ BOVGTEO XTEBO BGZKNO AMELNFE BGZKNO KO[M LVTL[ VLVON BOVGTEO XTEBO
IA ?7441578 ;1343?1 ?88578 ?585?7?1
[LNG[ K,W [LNG[ 1?5?;1=; 614 ?=4=76;; 6=3 667188 664 583665?1 ?688
KL[VL[ FG XTLFWKKEL@ G@ G@ [L [LNG[ BOVGTEO XTEBO BO@L FG LDTO G@GTAEO E@FETGKVL[ [WDVLVON FGXTGKEOKEL@ VLVON KL[VL[ FG XTLFWKKEL@
JW@EL"4 "48 8? 583665?1 ?=57=78 =7=6=; 46;4;=; 57=;?3;; ?35;178 51747;=;
IA FGN XTLKG[L FG G]VTW[EL@
?585?7?331
KL[VL FGN XTLK. FG G]VTW[EL@ G@
E@S G]VTW[EL@ E@SG@VOTEL E@EKEON XTLFWKKEL@ [ONEFO XOTO TGDLDE@OFLTO ? [ONEFO XOTO TGDLDE@OFLTO 4 [ONEFO XOTO TGDLDE@OFLTO ; [ONEFO XOTO KONEFOF E@SG@VOTEL CE@ON Xïae`o 63
IA 6?86688 ?585?7?1 43881=; 334?5?1 7767731 ;517631 6674?=;
7.??
[LNG[ 4877=;88 51747;=; ?43?75?1 ;4;46731 457347=; 448?74=; 4?737;;;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Xtlkg{l fg Tgdlde`ofl: G` g{vg xtlkg{l {g tgkedg no{ dlde`o{ bo`wong{ fgn xtlkg{l fg g}vtw{eû` u {g xtlkgfg o tgdlde`ot fg okwgtfl on tgqwgtebeg`vl fg bgfefo{ u xg{l{ xlt kofo xgfefl fg nl{ kneg`vg{
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IA 6?86688 ?585?7?1 43881=; 334?5?1 7767731 ;517631 6674?=;
KL[VL[ FG XTLFWKKEL@ G@ [LNG[ BOVGTEO XTEBO BO@L FG LDTO G@GTAEO E@FETGKVL[ [WDVLVON FGXTGKEOKEL@ VLVON KL[VL[ FG XTLFWKKEL@
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IA FGN XTLKG[L FG TGDLDE@OFL
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Xïae`o 61
[LNG[ 4877=;88 51747;=; ?43?75?1 ;4;46731 457347=; 448?74=; 4?737;;;
7.3=
IA
[LNG[ 145588 ?613=431 ?6=167=; 34;7=;
;487788 =;=74788 =6;83=;; 417??31
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
6 Xtlkg{l fg Konefof: G` g{vg xtlkg{l {g tgkedg no{ dlde`o{ fgn xtlkg{l fgn tgdlde`ofl -Bo`won% u vobdeå` no{ qwg seg`g` fetgkvobg`vg fgn xtlkg{l fg g}vtw{eû` -Owvlbïvekl%. {g xtlkgfg o bwg{vtgot xoto sgtecekot qwg kwbxng` kl` no konefof g}eaefo xlt kofo kneg`vg9 {e g{vï` kl`cltbg{ {g xo{o` fetgkvobg`vg fetgkvobg`vg o Onbokå` fg xtlfwkvl{ vgtbe`ofl{ vgtbe`ofl{ u {e `l kwbxng` kl` no{ g}eag`keo{ g{vodngkefo{ {g tgatg{o` xoto gn tgxtlkg{l XTLKG[L FG KONEFOF BOVGTEO XTEBO G]VTW[EL@ XOTO TGDLDE@OFLTO ? G]VTW[EL@ XOTO TGDLDE@OFLTO 4 G]VTW[EL@ XOTO TGDLDE@OFLTO ; G]VTW[EL@ XOTO KONEFOF VLVON BOVGTEO XTEBO
IA 43881=; 334?5?1 7767731 ;517631 ?=16;1;;
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[LNG[ K,W [LNG[ ?6?55?88 763 ;3;=?888 765 4655;58=; 6781 448?74=; 776 ;447;6631 ?14?
jw`" ?? ?87=311=; ;17?;; 4554?1 ;8;388 ?83=671;; 17678 ?8354??=;
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Xïae`o 6=
7.18
IA
[LNG[ ?=16;1;;;; ?=16;1;;;;
?8354?4 ?8354?4
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
1 GNODLTOKEÛ@ FG G[VOFL[ CE@O@KEGTL[: 1? XTLKG[L KL@VODNG: G{ no vto`{cltbokeû` fg vlfl{ nl{ fovl{ tgnokel`ofl{ o no gbxtg{o u {w{ soteokel`g{ g` e`cltbokeû` xoto xl{vgteltbg`vg {gt wvenezofo{ g` no vlbo fg fgke{el`g{ fg`vtl l cwgto fg no gbxtg{o
Tgae{vtl fg
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Xïae`o 65
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XTE@KEXEL[ U XTÏKVEKO[ KL@VODNG[ Nl{ g{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{ fg no [lkegfof mo` {efl xtgxotofl{ fg okwgtfl kl` nl{ xte`kexel{ fg kl`vodenefof ag`gtonbg`vg okgxvofl{ g` gn Xgtú Nl{ xte`kexel{ fg kl`vodenefof ag`gtonbg`vg klbxtg`fg` o no{ @ltbo{ E`vgt`okel`ong{ fg E`cltbokeû` Ce`o`kegto -@EEC% lcekeonezofo{ o vtoså{ fg Tg{lnwkel`g{ gbevefo{ xlt gn Kl`{gjl @ltbovesl fg Kl`vodenefof No{ @EEC e`kltxlto` o no{ @ltbo{ E`vgt`okel`ong{ fg Kl`vodenefof -@EK% u o nl{ xtl`w`keobeg`vl{ fgn Klbevå fg E`vgtxtgvokel`g{. [EK g KE@EEC O no cgkmo fg nl{ g{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{ gn Kl`{gjl @ltbovesl fg Kl`vodenefof mo lcekeonezofl no oxnekokeû` ldneaovlteo fg no{ @EK fg no ? o no 6?. fg no{ @EEC fg no ? o no =. no{ [EK fg no ? o no ;4 u no{ KE@EEC fg no ? o no ?6 Bgfeo`vg Tg{lnwkeû` @º 86?"488="GC,56 fgn 47,?8,488= {g oxtldû gn Xno` Kl`vodng Ag`gton Gbxtg{oteon. qwg g`vtotï g` seag`keo o xotvet fgn 8? fg g`gtl fgn oÿl 48?8 Bgfeo`vg Tg{lnwkeû` @º 864"4885"GC,56 fgn ?? fg `lsegbdtg fg 4885 {g fecegtg gn w{l ldneaovltel fgn Xno` Kl`vodng Ag`gton Gbxtg{oteon mo{vo gn ? fg g`gtl fgn oÿl 48?? Nl{ G{vofl{ Ce`o`kegtl{ mo` {efl xtgxotofl{ fg okwgtfl kl` gn xte`kexel fg kl{vl me{vûtekl Nl{ xte`kexel{ u xtïkveko{ kl`vodng{ bï{ ebxltvo`vg{ qwg mo` {efl oxnekofl{ g` gn tgae{vtl fg no{ lxgtokel`g{ u no xtgxotokeû` fg nl{ g{vofl{ ce`o`kegtl{ u qwg {g fgteso` fg nl xtg{ktevl g` no{ `ltbo{ e`fekofo{ g` gn xïttocl xtgkgfg`vg. {l` nl{ {eaweg`vg{:
o% Vto`{okkel`g{ g` bl`gfo g}vto`jgto No{ lxgtokel`g{ g` bl`gfo g}vto`jgto {g tgae{vto` g` bl`gfo `okel`on. oxneko`fl o nl{ bl`vl{ g` bl`gfo g}vto`jgto nl{ vexl{ fg kobdel fgn fâo fg no vto`{okkeû` cejofl{ xlt no [wxgte`vg`fg`keo fg Do`ko. [gawtl{ u OCX No{ fecgtg`keo{ g` kobdel qwg {g ag`gtg` ag`gtg` g`vtg gn vexl fg kobdel fg kegttg u gn vexl fg kobdel kl` gn qwg cwgtl` e`ekeonbg`vg tgae{vtofo{ no{ lxgtokel`g{. {l` tgkl`lkefo{ g` gn g{vofl fg ao`o`keo{ u xåtfefo{ g` gn xgtâlfl g` gn qwg {g ag`gto`
Xïae`o 78
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
d% G}e{vg`keo{ E`knwug nl{ {wbe`e{vtl{ w{ofl{ g` no xtlfwkkeû` fg {gtsekel{ u nl{ {gtsekel{ g` xtlkg{l. g{vï` sonwofo{ on kl{vl Gn kl{vl {g fgvgtbe`o {eaweg`fl gn båvlfl fgn xtlbgfel xl`fgtofl. g}kgxvl g` gn ko{l fg g}e{vg`keo{ xlt tgkedet. no{ kwong{ {g xtg{g`vo` on kl{vl g{xgkâcekl fg ofqwe{ekeû`
k% E`bwgdng{. boqwe`oteo u gqwexl [g xtg{g`vo on kl{vl `gvl fg no fgxtgkeokeû` okwbwnofo Gn kl{vl e`ekeon fg nl{ e`bwgdng{. boqwe`oteo u gqwexl klbxtg`fg {w xtgkel fg klbxto. e`knwug`fl oto`kgng{ g ebxwg{vl{ fg klbxto `l tggbdln{odng{ u kwonqwegt kl{vl ovtedwedng fetgkvobg`vg xoto wdekot u fgjot gn okvesl g` kl`fekel`g{ fg w{l Nl{ fg{gbdln{l{ xlt bo`vg`ebeg`vl u tgxotokeû` {l` kotaofl{ o nl{ tg{wnvofl{ kwo`fl {g e`kwttg` Nl{ fg{gbdln{l{ xl{vgteltg{ {ldtg e`bwgdng{. boqwe`oteo u gqwexl {ûnl {g tgkl`lkg` klbl okvesl kwo`fl bgjlto` no{ kl`fekel`g{ fgn deg` xlt g`kebo fgn tg`febeg`vl g{vï`fot lteae`onbg`vg gsonwofl No fgxtgkeokeû` g{ konkwnofo {eaweg`fl gn båvlfl fg nâ`go tgkvo. g{vebo`fl no sefo úven fg nl{ okvesl{ g` oÿl{
f% Tgkl`lkebeg`vl Tgkl`lkebeg`vl fg e`atg{l{. kl{vl{ u ao{vl{ Nl{ e`atg{l{ xlt sg`vo{. `gvl fg nl{ fg{kwg`vl{. u gn klttg{xl`feg`vg kl{vl fg sg`vo{ {g tgkl`lkg` kwo`fl {g mo g`vtgaofl gn deg` u {g mo` vto`{cgtefl on klbxtoflt vlfl{ nl{ teg{al{ u dg`gcekel{ e`mgtg`vg{ o no xtlxegfof fg nl{ {gtsekel{
Xïae`o 7?
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
O@ONE[E[ MLTEZL@VON DONO@KG AG@GTON ON ;? FEK FGN 48?8 U 4885
-G}xtg{ofl g` @wgsl{ [lng{% 48?8 OKVESL OKVESL KLTTEG@VG Kojo u Do`kl{ Sonltg{ @galkeodng{ Kwg`vo{ xlt Kldtot Klbgtkeong{ Klbgtkeon g{ Kwg`vo{ xlt Kldtot Fesgt{o{ Ebxwg{vl{ xlt kldtot G}e{vg`keo{ G}e{vg` keo{ Kotao{ fecgtefo{ Ngo{e`a EAS Ebxwg{vl o no Tg`vo u Xotvekexokeû` Xotvekexo keû` Fecgtefo Vlvon Okvesl Kltteg`vg OKVESL @L KLTTEG@VG E`bwgdng{ Boqwe`oteo{ Boqwe`o teo{ u Gqwexl -@gvl% Fgxtgkeokel` Fgxtgkeo kel` E`vo`aedng{ Eebxwg{vl o no Tg`vo fecgtefl u Lvto{ Kotao{
VLVON OKVESL
XO[ESL U XOVTEBL@EL @GVL XO[ESL KLTTEG@VG [ldtgaetl{ Do`kotel{ Vtedwvl{ xlt Xoaot Tgbw`gtokel`g{ u dg`gcekel{ xlt xoaot Kwg`vo{ xlt Xoaot Klbgtkeong{ Lvto{ Kwg`vo{ xlt Xoaot Ldneaokel`g{ Ce`o`kegto{ Ngo{e`a Kltvl Xnozl
Vlvon Xo{esl Kltteg`vg XO[ESL @L KLTTEG@VG Ngo{e`a Notal Xnozl Ldneaokel`g{ Ce`o`kegto{ Xtg{vobl{ fg Okkel`e{vo{ Vlvon Xo{esl @l Kltteg`vg VLVON XO[ESL
Xïae`o 74
4885
?41.763
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;.35;.546 683.;3; ?.;66.447
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4.81=.733 ?6=.357 6=;.683 =.4=4.147
?.=16.34= 486.6=3 64=.731 7.7?4.33=
48;.5;11? -77.1585;% 76.=;588 4.118.87374
??' "41' ?;' 78'
;.=?8.466 -35?.1=8% "
;.685.1?5 -783.3;=% " "
688.74633 -?=7.?6?18%
?4' ;1'
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4.58;.8=?
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1'
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4.5=7.6;56=
"
[,
[,
65.583 ??4.51;
51.373 65.43=
??1.;7= 6.=56.=87 73.;;8 ?.8=5.?73 3?7.=?8
11.?=? 6.735.163 4;= =16.?;; 458.??4
"""""""""""""""" 3.5;3.;;=
"""""""""""""" 7.57=.;;6
6=;.6=1 16.4;1 4.?4?.75= 4.315.;44 """""""""""""""" 5.3?7.338
318.435 ?44.175 ?.;=7.358 4.?1=.1?= """""""""""""" =.?;1.874
[, -61.178?=% 3;.187;?
56' 73' 3='
;7'
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"4=' "68' 7;' 4;'
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?='
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
XOVTEBL@EL @GVL Koxevon [lkeon Tg{gtso Ngaon Tg{wnvofl{ Okwbwnofl{ Tg{wnvofl{ fgn Gjgtkekel Vlvon Xovtebl`el @gvl
VLVON XO[ESL U XOVTEBL@EL
38=.888 64.487 ;;8.66=
38=.888 64.487 ;7=.4?7
" " -41.1335;%
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=86.=17 ?.1=7.74=
-145.144% 41=.351
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;7'
O@ONE[E[ MLTEZL@VON DONO@KG AG@GTON:
G` no{ klbxotokel`g{ xltkg`vwong{ xlfgbl{ oxtgkeot w` bgjlt tg`febeg`vl fg no gbxtg{o CENBXOKI [OK g` gn gjgtkekel 48?8 g` klbxotokeû` kl` gn gjgtkekel o`vgtelt. w` gjgbxnl fg gnnl g{ gn e`ktgbg`vl fg 441' g` kojo u do`kl{.qwg seg`g mokgt kl`{gkwg`keo fgn e`ktgbg`vl fg no{ kwg`vo{ xlt kldtot klbgtkeong{ fgn gjgtkekel 48?8 [e deg` xwgfg oxtgkeot{g qwg gn vlvon fg okvesl{ {g e`ktgbg`vl g` 441' g{ xltqwg mou bï{ neqwefgz g` kojo u gn vlvon fg xo{esl{ vobdeå` {g sg e`ktgbg`vofl g` w` ;7 ' fgdefl o qwg no gbxtg{o CENBXXOKI klbxtl w` deg` e`bwgdng qwg g{ {w onbokå` - nlkon % Atokeo{ o no{ xlnâveko{ fg sg`vo nngsofo{ o kodl on xte`kexel fg oÿl 48?8. fl`fg {g e`ktgbg`vû gn ïtgo klbgtkeon xoto xlfgt nlatot gn `esgn fg sg`vo{ onko`zofl [g xwgfg oxtgkeot gn e`ktgbg`vl fgn 47' fg ngo{e`a o notal xnozl g{vl {g fgdg o no ofqwe{ekeû` fg bo{ boqwe`oteo{ g` gn ïtgo fg xtlfwkkeû` u o{â xlfgt kwbxnet kl` no fgbo`fg fg nl{ kneg`vg{ G` kwo`vl o nl{ xo{esl{ kltteg`vg{ g` gn twdtl fg {ldtgaetl{ do`kotel{ {g oxtgkeo w`o fe{be`wkeû` kl` tg{xgkvl on oÿl o`vgtelt g{vl {g fgdg o qwg xlt gn be{bl atofl fg neqwefgz qwg g{vï vg`eg`fl no gbxtg{o xwgfg kwbxnet kl` g{vo{ ldneaokel`g{
Xïae`o 7;
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
CENBXOKI [OK G[VOFL FG AO@O@KEO[ U XGTFEFO[ FGN 8? FG G@GTL ON ;? FG FEKEGBDTG FGN 48?8 U 4885
G]XTG[OFL G@ @WGSL[ [LNG[
O@ONE[E[ MLTEZL@VON 48?8
4885
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?5.3;?.88888
?6.73=.;77
[, 7.834.367
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-?7.18;.88888%
-?4.163.7;;%
[, "4.573.631
4;4'
Wvenefof Dtwvo
;.54=.88888
?.=4?.=44
[, 4.?83.?1=
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-?.;16.88888%
-?.437.;86%
[,
"?8=.353
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Ao{vl{ fg Sg`vo
-5=4.88888%
-537.378%
[, " ?3.;78
Tg{wnvofl fg Lxgtokeû`
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-685.?;?%
[, ?.5=?.?;?
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-34=.48888%
-384.6?5%
[, " 47.1=?
6;'
Fecgtg`keo xlt Vexl fg Kobdel
4;7.7=888
?84.==8
?;4.188
?458'
[, ?=.136
"?888'
"6=64'
Lvtl{ E`atg{l{ u Ao{vl{
[,
-?=.136%
F{k`v{Tdj{ u Dl`ec Kl`kgfefo{ Lvtl{ E`atg{l{ u Gatg{l{
5=.48888
-4;8.=77%
[,
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Tg{wnvofl fgn Gjgtkekel
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-?.?7=.4=5%
[, 4.6;7.=35
"4?8;'
XOTVEKEXOKEL@ FG VTODOJOFLTG[
-?41.17=88%
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[,
"46;.7=1
"4?8;'
EBXWG[VL O NO TG@VO
-;66.56188%
;?4.1;=
[,
"371.3=7
"4?8;'
WVENEFOF @GVO
=86.=1788
-145.144%
[, ?.7;6.751
"4?8;'
Xïae`o 76
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
O@ONE[E[ MLTEZL@VON G[VOFL FG TG[WNVOFL[:
Gn e`ktgbg`vl g` no{ sg`vo{ fg no Gbxtg{o CENBXOKI [OK {g oklbxoÿo kl` w` e`ktgbg`vl g` bg`lt boa`evwf fgn kl{vl fg sg`vo{ ;6=4' u 4;4' tg{xgkvesobg`vg% qwg {g ovtedwug on e`ktgbg`vl o w`o dwg`o xlnâveko g` gn ïtgo klbgtkeon ow`qwg oú` `l {g lxvebezo gn ao{vl ofbe`e{vtovesl Xgtl g{ bwu ebxltvo`vg xoto no gbxtg{o uo qwg g{vï lxvebezo`fl {w{ kl{vl{ cejl{ xlt qwg gn bl`vl e`ekeon {g sg fe{vtedwefl g` boult w`efof sg`fefo Nl{ ao{vl{ fg lxgtokeû` g` kl`jw`vl {g e`ktgbg`votl` g` 6=64' kl` boult e`kefg`keo g` no{ ïtgo{ tgnokel`ofo{ kl` no ag{veû` fg sg`vo{. gn kwon {g e`ktgbg`vl kl`{efgtodngbg`vg g` ?==1'. o klbxotokeû` fg nl{ ao{vl{ ofbe`e{vtovesl{ owbg`votl` g` w` =3' neagtobg`vg g` 8?8' Xltqwg {g ag`gtû boult xwdnekefof fg sg`vo xoto ldvg`gt boultg{ fgbo`fo`vg{
[e deg` mou w` e`ktgbg`vl g` no wvenefof lxgtoveso fgn 334' u g` no wvenefof `gvo fg ?888'. {g tgqwegtg tgonezot w` g{vwfel fg ao{vl{
Xïae`o 77
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
CENB XOKI [OK DONO@KG AG@GTON ON ;? FG FEKEGBDTG FGN 48?8 U 4885
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48?8
'
'
4885
OKVESL
[,
OKVESL KLTTEG@VG
Kojo u Do`kl{ Sonltg{ @galkeodng{ Kwg`vo{ xlt Kldtot Klbgtkeong{ Kwg`vo{ xlt Kldtot Fesgt{o{ Ebxwg{vl{ xlt kldtot G}e{vg`keo{ Kotao{ fecgtefo{ Ngo{e`a EAS Ebxwg{vl o no Tg`vo u Xotvekexokeû` Fecgtefo Vlvon Okvesl Kltteg`vg
?41.763 " ;.35;.546 683.;3; ?.;66.447 4.81=.733 ?6=.357 6=;.683
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;=.558 " ?.587.64; 438.516 155.388 ?.=16.34= 486.6=3 64=.731
87'
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??.68?.?==
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65.583 ??4.51; ??1.;7= 6.=56.=87 73.;;8 ?.8=5.?73 3?7.=?8
86' ?8' ?8' 645' 87' 53' 76'
51.373 65.43= 11.?=? 6.735.163 4;= =16.?;; 458.??4
?4' 83' 85' 76;' 888' ?86' ;6'
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18='
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7.7?4.33= 377'
OKVESL @L KLTTEG@VG
E`bwgdng{ Boqwe`oteo{ u Gqwexl -@gvl% Fgxtgkeokel` E`vo`aedng{ Eebxwg{vl o no Tg`vo fecgtefl u Lvto{ Kotao{ Fecgt Vlvon okvesl `l kltteg`vg VLVON OKVESL
;.685.1?5 -783.3;=% " "
687' "3'
4.58;.8=? ;67' =.6?7.165
?88'
XO[ESL U XOVTEBL@EL @GVL XO[ESL KLTTEG@VG
[ldtgaetl{ Do`kotel{ Vtedwvl{ xlt Xoaot Tgbw`gtokel`g{ u dg`gcekel{ xlt xoaot Kwg`vo{ xlt Xoaot Klbgtkeong{ Lvto{ Kwg`vo{ xlt Xoaot Ldneaokel`g{ Ce`o`kegto{ Ngo{e`a Kltvl Xnozl Vlvon Xo{esl Kltteg`vg XO[ESL @L KLTTEG@VG
Ngo{e`a Notal Xnozl Xïae`o 73
3.5;3.;;=
6=;.6=1
64'
318.435
=8'
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Ldneaokel`g{ Ce`o`kegto{ Xtg{vobl{ fg Okkel`e{vo{
16.4;1 4.?4?.75=
81' ?=3'
?44.175 ?.;=7.358
Vlvon Xo{esl @l Kltteg`vg
4.315.;44
4;7'
?7' ?37' 4.?1=.1?= 475'
VLVON XO[ESL
5.3?7.338
=6;'
=.?;1.874 531'
38=.888 64.487 ;;866= =86=176 ?1=774153 ?1=774153
7;' 86' 45' 1?' ?71'
38=.888 64.487 ;7=4?65; "145144;47 "145144;47 41=351?37
14' 87' 6;' "5' ;'
??.68?.?== ?888'
=.6?7.165
?88'
XOVTEBL@EL @GVL
Koxevon [lkeon Tg{gtso Ngaon Tg{wnvofl{ Okwbwnofl{ Tg{wnvofl{ fgn Gjgtkekel Vlvon Xovtebl`el @gvl
VLVON XO[ESL U XOVTEBL@EL
O@ONE[E[ SGTVEKON DONO@KG AG@GTON
O`onezo`fl gn Dono`kg Ag`gton fg no gbxtg{o Cenbxoki {g xwgfg oxtgkeot qwg g` nl{ okvesl{ nl{ twdtl{ qwg bwg{vto` {l` nl{ okvesl{ kltteg`vg{ g{xgkâcekobg`vg g` no{ kwg`vo{ xlt kldtot -w` e`ktgbg`vl fg 443 ' o ;4'% qwg tg{xl`fg o w` boult slnwbg` fg sg`vo{ u nl{ Okvesl{ `l kltteg`vg{ bwg{vto` w`o neagto fe{be`wkeû` fg 687' o ;;' g` tgnokeû` kl` no fe{be`wkeû` fg xo{esl{ `l kltteg`vg{
G` nl{ xo{esl{ {g oxtgkeo qwg g` nl{ xo{esl{ kltteg`vg{ mou w`o neagto soteokeû` fg 18=' o 38= '. xlt tgonezot bï{ xoal{ fg g}e{vg`keo{ g` ag`gton. fgdefl o no neqwefgz qwg kwg`vo no gbxtg{o g` gn blbg`vl {e` gbdotal g` nl{ xo{esl{ `l kltteg`vg{ no xotvg klttg{xl`feg`vg o ngo{e`a o notal xnozl {g tgfwkg fg =8 ' o 64 ' klbl kl`{gkwg`keo fg kwbxnet kl` gn xtå{vobl ldvg`efl. {g kl`knwug qwg no xtlxltkeû` fgn vlvon xo{esl {g tgfwkg fg 531' o =6;'
No xtlxltkeû` fgn Koxevon Kl`vodng kl` tg{xgkvl on vlvon {g e`ktgbg`vû fg 3744' o 754;' klbl kl`{gkwg`keo fg no tgfwkkeû` fg nl{ xo{esl{ `l kltteg`vg{
Xïae`o 71
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
CENBXOKI [OK G[VOFL FG AO@O@KEO[ U XGTFEFO[ FGN 8? FG G@GTL ON ;? FG FEKEGBDTG FGN 48?8 U 4885
G]XTG[OFL G@ @WGSL[ [LNG[
O@ONE[E[ SGTVEKON
Sg`vo{ Kl{vl fg Sg`vo{ Wvenefof Dtwvo Ao{vl{ fg Ofbe`e{vtokeû` Ao{vl{ fg Sg`vo Tg{wnvofl fg Lxgtokeû` Lvtl{ E`atg{l{ u Ao{vl{ Ao{vl{ Ce`o`kegtl{ Fecgtg`keo xlt Vexl fg Kobdel F{k`v{Tdj{ u Dl`ec Kl`kgfefo{ Lvtl{ E`atg{l{ u Gatg{l{ Tg{wnvofl fgn Gjgtkekel
48?8
'
?5.3;?.88888
?88'
?6.73=.;77
?88'
-?7.18;.88888%
=8'
-?4.163.7;;%
=1'
;.54=.88888
48'
?.=4?.=44
?;'
-?.;16.88888%
1'
-?.437.;86%
5'
-5=4.88888%
7'
-537.378%
1'
='
-685.?;?%
";'
-34=.48888%
";'
-384.6?5%
"6'
4;7.7=888
?'
?84.==8
?'
-?=.136%
8' "4'
?.714.88888
4885
5=.48888
?'
-4;8.=77%
?.411.7=888
1'
-?.?7=.4=5%
"='
XOTVEKEXOKEL@ FG VTODOJOFLTG[
-?41.17=88%
"?'
??7.=45
?'
EBXWG[VL O NO TG@VO
-;66.56188%
"4'
;?4.1;=
4'
=86.=1788
6'
-145.144%
"7'
WVENEFOF @GVO
G[VOFL FG TG[WNVOFL[
Gn o`ïne{e{ fgn G{vofl fg Tg{wnvofl{ fg no gbxtg{o CENBXOKI CENBXOKI bwg{vto soteokel`g{ ebxltvo`vg{. oxtgkeï`fl{g w` neagtl owbg`vl g` gn botag` dtwvl -g{vl xwgfg e`fekot boult gcekeg`keo% u xlt g`fg g` no wvenefof `gvo klbl kl`{gkwg`keo fgn owbg`vl fg no{ sg`vo{
Xïae`o 7=
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
TOVEL[ " E@FEKOFLTG[
VEXL[ FG TOVEL[
CLTBWNO
OßL 48?8
OßL 4885
okvesl kvg
E@FEKG[ FG NE_WEFGZ
xo{esl kvg
[, ??5
[, 85;
[, 8=5
[, 83?
= SGKG[
1 SGKG[
3= FEO[
61 FEO[
41 '
;6 '
=8 '
=1 '
=6 '
53 '
okvesl kvg"g}e{vg`keo
XTWGDO OKEFO
xo{esl kvg kl{vl fg svo
TLVOKEL@ FG G]E[VG@KEO[
g}e{vg`keo{
XNOZL XTLBGFEL FG KLDTO@ZO
kvo{ } kldtot klb ];38 f sg`vo{ `gvo{ e`b.boq u gq `gvl fg fgxtgkeokeû`
ATOFL FG E@VGTG[ G@ KOXEVON okvesl vlvon kvl fg sg`vo{
KL[VL FG SG@VO[
sg`vo{ `gvo{ xo{esl vlvon
TOZL@ FG G@FGWFOBEG@VL
okvesl vlvon okvesl kvg " xo{esl kvg
?.;63.;=188 -667.33388%
KOXEVON FG VTODOJL wvenefof `gvo
TOZL@ FG TG@VODENEFOF
koxevon kl`vodng
[, ??3
[, "???
?3'
?;'
;6 '
44'
67'
"43?'
xo{esl vlvon
TOZL@ FG OXONO@KOBEG@VL
TLO
TLG
koxevon kl`vodng W wvenefof dtwvo ,vlvon okvesl
Wvenefof `gvo ,xovtebl`el vlvon
Xlt kofo `wgsl {ln qwg no gbxtg{o tgqwegtg xoto gn xoal fg {w{ ldneaokel`g{. no gbxtg{o Fe{xl`g fg ??5 `wgsl {ln. g` gn oÿl o`vgtelt gn â`fekg cwg fg 85; `wgsl {ln G`
kl`{gkwg`keo gn e`fekoflt ce`o`kegtl mo g}xgtebg`vofl w` owbg`vl fg 843
No gbxtg{o mo vg`efl w` fg{ottlnnl cosltodng kl` tg{xgkvl on oÿl o`vgtelt uo qwg xwgfg
Xïae`o 75
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Kl`vot kl` gn okvesl kltteg`vg xoto octl`vot no{ fgwfo{ o kltvl xnozl G` gn oÿl 48?8. gn botag` fg wvenefof `gvo {g bo`veg`g g` w` 7' o klbxotokeû` fgn oÿl 48859 nl kwon g{ cosltodng xoto no gbxtg{o CENBXOKI9 xgtl g{vg â`fekg e`fekotâo qwg no gbxtg{o veg`g w`l{ kl{vl{ lxgtovesl{ tgnovesobg`vg onvl{. o tozû` qwg {lnl
Gn e`fekoflt fgn TLO g{ `wg{vto tg`vodenefof gkl`ûbeko fg no gbxtg{o e`fgxg`feg`vgbg`vg e`fgxg`feg`vgbg` vg fg no cltbo kl` qwg {g ce`o`keg gn okvesl von klbl xlfgbl{ sgt qwg fg w` 844 owbg`vl o 8;6 qwegtg fgket qwg no gbxtg{o kwg`vo kl` w` onvl â`fekg tg`vodenefof fg nl{ okvesl{
Gn TLG `l{ bwg{vto w` e`ktgbg`vl kl`{efgtodng fg "434 o w` 867 g` gn 48?8 qwg {ea`eceko qwg no gbxtg{o Cenbxoki veg`g w` cwgtvg e`ktgbg`vl fgn dg`gcekel u. on be{bl vegbxl. e`ktgbg`vo {w TLG no klvezokeû` fg no okkeû` fg g{vo {lkegfof {wdetï kl` vlfo {gawtefof. xlt gn cwgtvg e`ktgbg`vl fg g{vg tovel
? KL@KNW[EL@G[ KL@KNW[EL@G [ U TGKLBG@FOKEL@G[: TGKLBG@FOKEL@G[ :
"
Okvwonbg`vg. CENBXOKI kwg`vo kl` w` {e{vgbo fg kl{vgl xlt xtlkg{l{. gn kwon {g e`ekeo kl` gn Xtlkg{l fg Bgzkno. fl`fg nl{ bovgteong{ fetgkvl{ {l` xwg{vl{ on e`ekel fgn xtlkg{l fg xtlfwkkeû` Nl{ kl{vl{ fg kl`sgt{eû` -bo`l fg ldto fetgkvo u KEC% {l` oÿofefl{ o nl notal fg fekml xtlkg{l Ce`onezofo no bgzkno fg bovgteong{. g{vl{ {l` vto`{cgtefl{ on Xtlkg{l fg G}vtw{eû` -bïqwe`o{ Amelnfe u Ko{v% Gn xtlfwkvl g}vtoâfl fg no bïqwe`o Amelnfe g{ vto`{cgtefl fetgkvobg`vg on xtlkg{l fg konefof u gn g}vtoâfl fg no bïqwe`o Ko{v on xtlkg{l fg Tgdlde`ofl u ce`onbg`vg on fg konefof. ldvg`eg`fl ce`onbg`vg gn {vtgvkm cenb
"
Cenbxoki kwg`vo kl` fl{ ato`fg{ vexl{ fg xtlfwkvl{. w`l g{vo`fotezofl -xtlfwkefl xlt no bïqwe`o Amelnfe% u lvtl vexl fg xtlfwkvl -codtekofl xlt no bïqwe`o Ko{v% qwg o {w sgz kwg`vo kl` ?= {wd vexl{
"
Okvwonbg`vg gn xtlkg{l fg tgdlde`ofl {g kl{vgo klbl w` ato` vlvon [e` gbdotal. g` gn xtg{g`vg vtodojl {g xtlxl`g w` kl{vgl bï{ gcekeg`vg xlt vexl fg xtlfwkvl
"
Ofekel`onbg`vg {g xtlxl`g w`o bgjlto tgnokel`ofo o nl{ KEC qwg okvwonbg`vg okv wonbg`vg {l` o{ea`ofl{ o xtlttovo. no kwon kl`{e{vg g` w`o o{ea`okeû` fg kl{vl{ o vtoså{ fg w`o do{g fg o{ea`okeû` l ftesgt
"
Fekmo{ bgjlto{ xgtbevetï` w`o bgjlt efg`vecekokeû` fg kl{vl{ xoto kofo xtlfwkvl kl` no kl`{gkwg`vg cejokeû` fg xtgkel{ ofgkwofl{
"
Gnnl tgqwgtetï fg g{cwgtzl{ vo`vl fgn ïtgo fg sg`vo{. g` nl qwg {g tgcegtg o no koxvokeû` fg e`cltbokeû`9 klbl fgn ïtgo fg {e{vgbo{. xoto nl{ `wgsl{ kl`vtlng{ o {gt ebxngbg`vofl{ e bxngbg`vofl{ g` gn {e{vgbo [OX
Xïae`o 38
FEXNLBOFL FG VEVWNOKEL@
Ce`onbg`vg tgklbg`fobl{ tgawnot nl{ ao{vl{ ofbe`e{vtovesl{ xoto o{â lxvebezot g{vl{ ao{vl{ xoto nlatot qwg gn g{cwgtzl fgn ïtgo klbgtkeon nlatg vg`gt g{vg kegttg fgn ketkwnl lxvebl fg tg{wnvofl{ mokeg`fl o{â ow` bï{ tg`vodng Okvwonbg`vg gn Xlnegveng`l. w`o fg no{ xte`kexong{ bovgteo{ xtebo{ fg no e`fw{vteo fg xnï{vekl{ qwg mo onko`zofl tåkltf{ me{vûtekl{ g` {w xtgkel G{vo {evwokeû` seg`g vg`eg`fl nwaot fg{fg mokg sotel{ bg{g{ u g{vï vg`eg`fl w` cwgtvg ebxokvl {ldtg no fgbo`fo. {ldtg vlfl g` gn ïbdevl fg no{ xgqwgÿo{ u bgfeo`o{ gbxtg{o{. xoto gnnl tgklbg`fobl{ vg`gt w`o xlnâveko fg xtgsg`keû` xoto gsevot fg{okgngtot gn ktgkebeg`vl fg no gbxtg{o uo {go lteae`o`fl xl{ekel`obeg`vl g` gn bgtkofl .xoto oceo`zot o nl{ kneg`vg{. u awotfo`fl tg{gtso{
G{vg vtodojl `l{ {etseû xoto xlfgt oxtgkeot nl e`vgtg{o`vg g ebxltvo`vg qwg g{ no kl`vodenefof u no xgt{l`o qwg {g g`kotao fg g{vo tobo. o `l{lvtl{ klbl xtlcg{el`ong{ xtg{g`vg{ `l{ fo w`o efgo knoto fg kûbl g{ qwg w`o gbxtg{o bo`gjo u cw`kel`o g` kwo`vl on blsebeg`vl fg {w{ okvesefofg{ gkl`ûbekl{. ce`o`kegtl{. u xtg{wxwg{vong{ @wg{vto boult vtodojl cwg g` osgteawot fg fû`fg tg{wnvodo` vo`vl{ ebxltvg{ u no{ e`vgtxtgvokel`g{ klttg{xl`feg`vg{ o nl{ tovel{ ce`o`kegtl{. o`ïne{e{ mltezl`von u sgtvekon fgn dono`kg ag`gton u fgn g{vofl fg tg{wnvofl{ Xgtl kl` no e`sg{veaokeû` qwg {g tgonezl. kl` no klnodltokeû` fg vtodojofltg{ fg no be{bo gbxtg{o u oxlul fg xtlcg{ltg{ u lvtl{ bgfel{ nlatobl{ vgtbe`ot {ove{cokvlteobg`vg `wg{vtl vtodojl fg e`sg{veaokeû` g e`vgtxtgvokeû` -vg{e{% Oatofgkgbl{ on e`{vevwvl {wxgtelt {e{g xlt modgt`l{ fofl no lxltvw`efof fg cltbot u {gt xotvg fg no e`{vevwkeû`
Xïae`o 3?
