UNIVERSIDAD INTERAMERICANA DE PANAMÁ
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA
GESTIÓN DE OPERACIONES I
VICTOR CENTELLA PROFESOR
TEMA: CASO DE ESTUDIO “CAPACIDAD Y PROGRAMACIÓN”
ESTUDIANTES: ROBERTO MUÑOZ LESLY MARTÍNEZ JASON ANGARITA
MIÉRCOLES, ! DE MARZO DE "#$
I.
Contestar las preguntas de análisis del caso en estudio, que se encuentran en la página 516 Parte seis Casos de estudio del libro de texto básico del curso .
1. Desarrolle un diagrama de flujo detallado que replique el método s o t manual que es actualmente usado por el programador . n e i m i r e s o s u q i r o e t a r n s s e e i o c l e m i e n r s o n e i e u r i t q a s e r e O N s c e i o l n S e n e i t i S
2. Evalúe la conveniencia de utilizar programación lineal, simulación, reglas heursticas o el método actual de programación para resolver este pro!lema. Programación Lineal
V%&'()(* o
o
o
o
P%+-'% ./0+(+ 1& (2'/ +(&3/ 4% */21.-/&%* (2'%+&('-5(* 6 (&(2-7(+ *1* ./&*%.1%&.-(*, +%81-+-%&4/ 0(+( %22/ 0/./ '-%0/ 3%+%&.-(29 I&4-.( (2 (4-&-*'+(4/+ .// %02%(+ %-.(7%&'% *1* (.'/+%*, *%2%..-/&;&4/2/* 6 4-*'+-<16=&4/2/* (4%.1(4(%&'%9 P%+-'% (2 (4-&-*'+(4/+ *%+ ;* /<)%'-5/ %& *1* 4%.-*-/&%* 0/+ 2( 0/*-<-2-4(4 4% /+12(+ ('%;'-.(%&'% %2 0+/<2%(9 P%+-'% /4--.(.-/&%* ( 2( */21.->& ('%;'-.( ( (5/+ 4% 2( ./&5-5%&.-( 4% 2( %0+%*(, %4-(&'% 2( -&.21*->& / +%/+12(.->& 4% 2(* +%*'+-..-/&%*9
D%*5%&'()(* o
o
o
E* 4% 0/.( 1'-2-4(4 0(+( %*'-(+ +%2(.-/&%* 4% -&*1/?0+/41.'/9 @ E2 02(&--.(4/+ 4%<% ./&'(+ ./& %*'-(.-/&%* 4% 2( .(&'-4(4 6 4-*'+-<1.->& 4% (&/ ?4% /<+(, '-%++( 6 .(0-'(2 &%.%*(+-/* 0(+( 0+/41.-+9 E*'-(.-/&%* 4% %*'% '-0/ +%*12'(& 4-.-2%* %*0%.-(2%&'% .1(&4/ 2( %0+%*( &/ 22%5( +%3-*'+/* (4%.1(4/* A 5%.%* +%*12'( 4-.-2 %*0%.--.(+ 2(* +%*'+-..-/&%*
Simulación
V%&'()(* o
o
o o
o
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
D%*5%&'()(* o
o
o
o
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”, 2/ .1(2 +%0%+.1'% %& (2'/* ./*'/*9
Heurísticas
V%&'()(* L(* */21.-/&%* >0'-(* 4%'%+-&(4(* 0/+ 2( %1+*'-.( 01%4%& (.%+ %&/* %(1*'-5( 2( <*81%4( R%/+12( %2 0+/<2%(9 o
o
D%*5%&'()(* o
o
A231&(* %1+*'-.(* *% 01%4%& ./&'+(4%.-+ (2 (02-.(+*% (2 -*/ 0+/<2%(, .+%(&4/ ./& %*'/ ./&1*->&9 P/*-<2% +%*/25%+ ;* +;0-4(%&'% 0+/<2%(* ./&/.-4/* / *--2(+%* ( /'+/* ./&/.-4/9
Programación de la Producción
V%&'()(* P%+*/&(2 .(2--.(4/ 6 ./& %0%+-%&.-( %& 2( 0+/41..->&9 o D%*5%&'()(* R%81-%+% 4%(*-(4/ '-%0/ 0(+( +%(2-7(+ .;2.12/*9 o H&-.(%&'% %* 0/*-<2% ./&*-4%+(+ 1& &%+/ 2--'(4/ 4% (2'%+&(tivas
". Desarrolle un modelo conceptual para la resolución de este caso. Especifique los insumos, los productos # el algoritmo computacional que usted empleara.
F
F/+'(2%7(*
@ C(0(.-4(4 4% (2,(.%&( ,-%&'/ @ LB&%( 4% 0+/41..-I& :2%-<2% @ (1,%&'/ 4%2 &-5%2 4% 5%&'(*
O
O0/+'1&-4(4%*
@ D%*(++/22/ 4% &1%5/* 0+/41.'/* @ M%)/+(* %& %2 *-*'%,( 4% I2(&%(.->& 4% 2( 0+/41..->& @ R%(2-7(+ (2-(&7(* ./& 2/* 0+/5%%4/+%*
D
D%<-2-4(4%*
@ E.%*/ 4% -&5%&'(+-/ 4% 0+/41.'/* %& 0+/.%*/ 6 0+/41.'/* '%+,-&(4/* @ A1*%&.-( 4% 1& ,='/4/ 4% 0+/3+(,(.->&
A
A,%&(7(*
@ P%+4-4( 4% .2-%&'%* ( .(1*( 4%2 4%*(<(*'%.-,-%&'/ @ M(81-&(+-(* &/ (4%.1(4(* 0(+( *('-*:(.%+ 2(* &%.%*-4(4%* 4% 2/* .2-%&'%*
3.
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
II.
Revisión de los conceptos fundaentales del cap!tulo 1" # 1$ del libro de texto. %efina& %iagraa de flu'o, %esepe(o, Planeación, Capacidad, Prograación, )structura de división del traba'o, odelo conceptual.
Un diagrama de flujo %* 1&( +%0+%*%&'(.->& 3+;-.( 4% 1& 0+/.%*/9 C(4( 0(*/ 4%2 0+/.%*/ %* +%0+%*%&'(4/ 0/+ 1& *2/ 4-%+%&'% 81% ./&'-%&% 1&( <+%5% 4%*.+-0.->& 4% 2( %'(0( 4% 0+/.%*/9 L/* *2/* 3+;-./* 4%2 21)/ 4%2 0+/.%*/ %*';& 1&-4/* %&'+% * ./& 2%.(* 81% -&4-.(& 2( 4-+%..->& 4% 21)/ 4%2 0+/.%*/9 Se denomina desempeño (2 3+(4/ 4% 4%*%&5/2'1+( 81% 1&( %&'-4(4 .1(281-%+( '-%&% ./& +%*0%.'/ ( 1& -& %*0%+(4/9 A*, 0/+ %)%02/, 1& '+(<()(4/+ 01%4% '%&%+ <1%& / (2 4%*%0%/ %& 1&.->& 4% *1 2(+-/*-4(4, 1&( %0+%*( 01%4% '%&%+ <1%& / (2 4%*%0%/ *%3& 2( .(2-4(4 4% *%+5-.-/* 81% <+-&4( %& 1&.->& 4% *1* ./*'/*, 1&( ;81-&( '%&4+; 1& &-5%2 4% 4%*%0%/ *%3& 2/* +%*12'(4/* /<'%&-4/* 0(+( 2( 81% 1% .+%(4(, 1& %*'(4/ '%&4+; 1& 4%*%0%/ 4%'%+-&(4/ *%3& 2( ./&.+%.->& 4% 2(* 0/2'-.(* 81% (6( %*'(<2%.-4/ 81-%& %*'= %& %2 3/<-%+&/, %'.9
A '+(5=* 4% la planeación, 1&( 0%+*/&( 1 /+3(&-7(.->& *% -)( (231&( %'( 6 %*'-012( 81= 0(*/* 4%<%+( *%31-+ 0(+( 22%3(+ (*'( %22(9 E& %*'% 0+/.%*/, 81% 01%4% '%&%+ 1&( 41+(.->& 16 5(+-(<2% 4%0%&4-%&4/ 4%2 .(*/, *% ./&*-4%+(& 4-5%+*(* .1%*'-/&%*, .// *%+ 2/* +%.1+*/* ./& 2/* 81% *% .1%&'( 6 2( -&21%&.-( 4% *-'1(.-/&%* %'%+&(*9 Capacidad. L(* 4%.-*-/&%* */<+% 2( .(0(.-4(4 *% 4-+-3%& (2 *1-&-*'+/ 4% 2( .(&'-4(4 ./++%.'( 4% .(0(.-4(4, %& %2 213(+ ./++%.'/ 6 %& %2 /%&'/ %(.'/9 L( .(0(.-4(4 ( 2(+3/ 02(7/ 2( 4%'%+-&( %2 '((/ 4% 2(* -&*'(2(.-/&%* *-.(* 81% *% ./&*'+16%&9 A ./+'/ 02(7/, %& /.(*-/&%* *% 01%4% (1%&'(+ 2( .(0(.-4(4 0/+ %4-/ 4% *1<./&'+('/*, '1+&/* (4-.-/&(2%* / (++%&4(-%&'/ 4% %*0(.-/9 S-& %<(+3/, 2( 02(&%(.->& 4% 2( .(0(.-4(4 4%'%+-&( &/ *>2/ %2 '((/ 4% 2(* -&*'(2(.-/&%* *-&/ '(<-=& %2 &%+/ (0+/0-(4/ 4% 3%&'% %& 2( 1&.->& 4% /0%+(.-/&%*9 S% ()1*'(& 2/* &-5%2%* 4% 0%+*/&(2 0(+( *('-*(.%+ 2(* &%.%*-4(4%* 4% 2( 4%(&4( 4%2 %+.(4/ 6 %2 4%*%/ 4% (&'%&%+ 1&( 1%+7( 4% '+(<()/ %*'(<2%9 A ./+'/ 02(7/, 2( .(0(.-4(4 4-*0/&-<2% 4%<% (*-3&(+*% ( '(+%(* %*0%.-.(* 6 01%*'/* 4% /0%+(.-/&%* %4-(&'% 2( 0+/3+((.->& 4% 2( 3%&'%, 4%2 %81-0/ 6 4% 2(* -&*'(2(.-/&%*9 La programación de operaciones %* 1&( '=.&-.( 81% ./&*-*'% %& -4%&'--.(+, /+3(&-7(+ 6 /+4%&(+ %& *%.1%&.-( 2>3-.(, '/4(* 2(* (.'-5-4(4%* 4%+-5(4(* 4% 1& 0+/6%.'/, 0+/3+(( / 02(& 4% 0+/41..->& 6 1<-.(+2(* ( 2( (2'1+( 4%2 '-%0/ %& 81% *% +%(2-7(&, 4%&'+/ 4%2 '-%0/ '/'(2 4%2 0+/6%.'/9 L/ (&'%+-/+ I02-.( 0+%*%+5(+ 2(* +%2(.-/&%* 4% -&'%+4%0%&4%&.-( 4% 2(* (.'-5-4(4%*, (* .// (*-3&(+ '-%0/*, +%*0/&*(<2%* 4%
%)%.1.->& 6 ./0+/<(.->& 4% +%.1+*/* 0(+( .(4( 1&( 4% 2(* (.'-5-4(4%*9
La estructura para la división del trabajo, EDT 5-%&% ( *%+ 2( 4-5-*->& 4%2 0+/6%.'/ %&'+% 2(* 0(+'%* 81% 2/ ./0/&%& 4% (&%+( 2>3-.( 6 *-*'%;'-.( ./& %2 -& 4% %*'(<2%.%+ 0(81%'%* 4% '+(<()/ 81% 0%+-'(& 1& (&%)/ ;* ;.-2 6 %%.'-5/ 4%2 -*/9 U&( 5%7 *% ( 4%-&-4/ %2 (2.(&.% 4%2 0+/6%.'/, 4%<% '+(41.-+*% ( %2%%&'/* 4% '+(<()/ %*0%.-./ 6 4%'(22(4/9 P(+( %22/ *% 1*( 1& %&/81% /+(2, *-*'%;'-./, 81% 4%-&-+; 2/* %2%%&'/* +%*0%.'-5/*9 E*'% %&/81% *% 22(( %*'+1.'1+( 0(+( 2( 4-5-*->& 4%2 '+(<()/, %& -&32=* “/+ <+%( D/& *'+1.'1+%, BS”9 E2 0+-%+ 0(*/ (2 .+%(+ 2( EDT %* 4-5-4-+ %2 0+/6%.'/ %& 2(* .('%3/+(* ;* 3+(&4%*9 E*'(* .('%3/+(* *% 4-5-4%& %& *1<.('%3/+(*, 81% ( *1 5%7 *% *1<4-5-4%&, 6 (* *1.%*-5(%&'%9 * l !odelo Conceptual S% '+('( 4% /<'%&%+ %2 %*81%( ./&.%0'1(2 4% 2( <(*% 4% 4('/*
( 0(+'-+ 4% 2( 2-*'( 4%*.+-0'-5( 4% /<)%'/* 6 (*/.-(.-/&%* -4%&'--.(4(* %& 2( /+3(&-7(.->& 41+(&'% %2 (&;2-*-*9