FACULT FACULTAD AD DE QUIMICA QUIMICA Y FARMACIA CURSO:
FISIOPATOLOGIA FISIOPATOLOGIA Y
SEMIOLOGIA TEMA:
NEUMONIA
CATEDRAT CAT EDRATICO: ICO:
DR. LUIS MANCO MALPICA.
ALUMNOS VI CICLO ALM. QF. QF. GLADYS MARTINEZ VA VALENZUEL LENZUELA A
2015
II
3.- DEDICATORIA: A NUESTRO ALTISIMO ALTISIMO DIOS JESUS POR LA SABIDURIA SABIDURI A Y INTELIGENCIA INTELIG ENCIA QUE ME BRINDA. A NUESTRO CATEDRAT CATEDRATICO ICO GRACIAS POR LA CIENCIA
III
.!NDICE GENERAL 1.- LA TAPA 2.-PORTADA 3.- DEDICATORIA .-!NDICE GENERAL 5.- PR"LOGO #. INTRODUCCI"N $.-CUERPO O CONTENIDO %Q&' () *+ ,(&,/+
T) ( N(&,/+ N(&,/+ 4+6(7+,+ N(&,/+ 87+*: N(&,/+ +6/+: F)+6*9/+ D+9,)6 67+6+(,6 ( *+ ,(&,/+
;.- CONCLUSIONES <.- RECOMENDACIONES 10.-REFERENCIAS
5.- PROLOGO
IV
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
V
#.- INTRODUCCION
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
VI
+* &,6 *&9+7 &+ &7+,6( (* 2011. L( )9&( *+ 7(9, L+ L4(76+ , #>< +6(,,()> L7(6 , #>3;; ? P&7+ , #1>1$0 +6(,,(). P+69(,+ N(&,/+ () *+ ,=*++, +9&+ (* +7',&+ &*,+7 ( 8(7)+) (6*9/+) ? ( &7+, 8+7+4*(> +7+6(7++ 7 &,+ (&+, ,=*++67+ *+*++ (, *+) 7,() )6+*() (* 47,&* 6(7,+* ,*&?(, )+) +*8(*+7() ? +*8'*). L+ ,=(, () ( 79(, (,9(, +) )(7(> )(, *+) 7,+*() =&(,6() ( ,=(, *+
7 - =+7,9( ? *) )(,) +7+ ,+)+*(). L+ +9,6& ( *+ ,=(,
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
VII
*7= ,&*(+7(). L+) 4+6(7+) ), 67+,)76++) 7 *) *,=6) + *) 9+,9*) *,=6) 7(9,+*() ? *&(9 + *+ )+,97(. A&, &+, (* &*, &(,6+ , (* ,@&,6 ( 76(/,+) *+)6+)> 4+6(7+)> ? *(&6) *7=) ,&*(+7()> *+ =+96)) () ()+)+ +)6+ &( (* &')( (*+47+ +,6&(7) +,6+)&*+7(). E* H, =+67 ( 87&*(,+ , (* ,(& () *+ )&*+> ,)66&+ 7 +747+6) ( *) &+*() )( ,(, ;3 6) )(7*9) =(7(,6(). O67+ =7+ ( ,=(, () *+ ,+*+, 7(6+ (* +9(,6(> (* 4+* 6&4(7&*)> *+ ,=*&(,+> ,9). O *+ )(,+, (+69(,+ ( +9(,6() (* S6+?*&) A&7(&) (7 ')6+ () &,+ =7+ & ) 7+7+ ( ,(&,/+ +&7+ (, *+ &,+> ((, () *+ ,(&,/+ )6+?*+ )(9&+ + &,+ ,=*&(,+ T+4', () )4*( +&77 &,+ ,(&,/+ 7 ,69+ ) ()6( &, +4)() )&4=7', 7&6&7+ ()=9+ ? ,6+,+, +679',+> )6 7((,6.
VIII
OBJETIVOS
OBJETIVOS ESPEC!FICOS: I(,6=+7 *) 74*(+) 7(+*() ? 6(,+*() (* +(,6( , +9,)6 ( N(&,/+. C,(7 *+ +&)+> +9,)6> 67+6+(,6> *+,() ? &+) ( (,=(7(7/+ (* +(,6( , ,(&,/+. P78(7 (* 4&(, 67+6 (,67( +*&, ( (,=(7(7/+ =+*+. O7(,6+7 +* =+*+7 )47( 6) *) &+) &( 7(&(7( *+ +(,6(. E8+*&+7 ) *+) ,6(78(,,() ( (,=(7(7/+ +, )+6)=( *+) ,(()+() (* +(,6(.
$.- CONTENIDOS
IX
%Q&' () *+ ,(&,/+
•
L+ ,(&,/+ () &,+ ,=(, &( +6++ *) &*,() 7&+ 7 4+6(7+)> ,9) ? 87&) )( &*6*+, ()6) (, (* ,6(77 ( *) +*8'*) 7&(, ,=*++, (, *) &*,(). P7 * 6+,6 () &,+ (,=(7(+ 7()7+67+.
•
C&+*&(7 (7),+ &(( +((7 ( ,(&,/+. L) )/,6+) ) &,() 7 *+) &+*() ()6+) ), )6+*+) ),: • •
7 &,+ (,=(7(+ *+ 97( (* +6+77 H,. F(47( 7*,9++ 7 ) ( 67() /+)> (, +76&*+7 ) () (*(8++.
X
%C&*() ), *) )/,6+) ? )9,) ) &,() ( ,(&,/+ L) )9&(,6() )/,6+) &((, ()6+7 7(*+,+) , *+ (,=(7(+ G(,(7+*(,6(> () 7((+ 7 &,+ (,=(7(+ *+ 97( (* +6+77 H,. F(47( 7*,9++ 7 ) ( 67() /+)> (, +76&*+7 ) () (*(8++. L+ =7(&(,+ 7()7+67+ +&(,6++: 7(', ,+) +)6+ (,) ( 3 ()(): ) ( #0 7 ,&6>
XI
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
*+
+&)&*6+,:
),&,
(*
&7&**
&*,+7>
7(6+,() ? )* 6&4+7. E* +(,6( ,=+,6* 6(,( *+ (* =7/+> 6)( ,6(,)+(,6(> +7(( (+/> +(,+) &(( **7+7 ? &(( 6(,(7 ,8&*),()> )( ,(
XII
7+ &+, 6)(> , &(7( (7 +=+9+K> +(,+) 7(+,+ + *) ()6/&*). E* &+7 */, () )*+7 (, (* +(,6( +&*6. E, +&*6) )47( #5 +) () 74+4*( &,+ +,=()6+, ),66+ &/) ) )&6* &( *+ (,,67++ (, (7),+) @8(,(). L+ ),(+ () (* )9, 6(7+, ) ()(/= ? )(,)4*(.
TIPOS DE NEUMONIA
N(&,/+ 4+6(7+,+: E) &+, *+ 4+6(7+ ,+ ,(& ,8+( *) &*,(). A6++ + (7),+) =&+7+) &( ,)&(, +** , 74*(+) ( ,&67, ? + *+) (7),+) &( 7()(,6+, +4(6().
XIII
XIV
N(&,/+ 87+*: E) +&)++ 7 &, 87&)> )( ,6+9+ +* 7()7+7* 6+, 4@(6) ,=(6+)> () H, (, ,) ( 76+ (+ ? (, (7),+) +?7(). E)6(, &) 87&) &( &((, +&)+7 ()6+ (,=(7(+> (* ) , () (* 87&) ( *+ ,=*&(,+> (* &+* )( (,&(,67+ (,67 (* &(7 ? 8+@+ +)6+ *) &*,() () &,+ (,=(7(+ 97+8( ? &? ,6+9)+K.
XV
N(&,/+ +6/+: E) *+ (,) (*97)+ ? &+) 8(() (,+ ()&') ( &, 7() 97+*> *+) (7),+) 6(,(, + (,)+7 &( () &, 7()=7+ H,. E) 7& 7 4+6(7+) =(7(,6() + *+ (* ,(&. E) H, &(
XVI
+6+&( (, (* ,8(7, 9(,(7+*(,6( + (7),+) ( +?7 (+. E) ,(()+7 +*+7)( *+ 8+&,+ +7+ *+ ,(&,/+ )47( 6 + *+) (7),+) , (76+) +=(,() 7()7+67+)> +,+,) ? ,)> ?+ &( ()6) )((, (* +?7 7()9 ( ,67+(7 *+ (,=(7(+ ? *+7)( + 6+* &,6 ( +),+7 *+ &(76(. L+ (@7 +,(7+ ( , ,67+(7*+ () 8+&,+7)( 6) *) +).
XVII
XVIII
PRUEBAS DIAGN"STICAS R+97+=/+ ( 67+: )( 4)(78+, +4 ( (,)+ + ,8(* ( *) *4&*) ,=(77(). P7&(4+) ( =&,, &*,+7: )( 4)(78+, 7(&, ( 8*H(,() &*,+7(). P7&(4+) ( *+47+67: 9+)(67/+> 7&(4+) ( ()&6 ? &*68.
FISIOPATOLOG!A
XIX
L) (,=(7) ( ,(&,/+ ,=()+ + (,& 7()(,6+, &,+ 6) &( 7&( &, ()&6 =*(+K ( *7 +77, 8(7( ? &,+ =(47( +*6+ &( &(( 7 ++++ ( ()+*=7/) =(47*(). L+ ),(+ () (* )9, 6(7+, ) ()(/= ? )(,)4*(. E* *7 67 *(&7/6 6+4', () H,> ')6( () &, *7 +9& &,+,6( &( ++7(( ((7+ &+, )( 7()7+ ,. L) (,=(7) ( ,(&,/+ &((, 6)(7 )+,97(> )&=77 *7() ( +4(+ 7()(,6+7 &,+ (* )&7)+ ? H(+.
DIAGN"STICO E* +9,)6 ( ,(&,/+ )( =&,+(,6+ 6+,6 (, *+ */,+ (* +(,6( (, 7()&*6+ ( R. G(,(7+*(,6( )( &)+, *+ R ( 67+ )6(7+,6(77 ? *+6(7+*K> +,+*/6+ )+,9&/,(+ ? &*68) 74*9) ( ()&6 ? )+,97(. L+ 7+97+=/+ ( 67+ () (* +9,)6 ()6,+7 (, )6+*() ? */,+) , +() + 7+?) . E, (7),+) +=(6++) ( 67+) (,=(7(+() )+ E,=)(+K &( ()+77**+, ,(&,/+> *+ R ( 67+ &(( )(7 =/* ( ,6(77(6+7. U, TAC & 67) 6()6 ), + (,& ,(()+7) (, ()6) +(,6() +7+ 7(+*+7 &, +9,)6 =(7(,+* ( ,(&,/+. M&()67+) ( +9,)6 +K P&*, )+,. 4K P&*, , ,(&,/+
XX
XXI
XXII
67+6+(,6 ( *+ ,(&,/+ E* 67+6+(,6 ( *+ ,(&,/+ (4( ()6+7 4+)++ (, (* ,(,6 (* 779+,) +&)+* ? )& )(,)4*+ + *) +,646) ,). S, (4+79> &,+ +&)+ ()(/=+ +7+ *+ ,(&,/+ )( (,6=+ (, )* (* 50 ( *+) (7),+)> ,*&) ()&') ( &,+ +*+ (8+*&+,. *+ +*,+ ? * + *+767,+ *+ (767,+ ), *) +,646) )(*(,+) +7+ *+ +?7/+ ( *) +(,6() , ,(&,/+ +&7+ (, *+ &,+ + *) +(,6() +*'79) + *+) (,*,+) )( *() +,)67+ *+ (767,+ (, 8( ( +*,+. E, E)6+) U,)> ,( *+) =7+) +6/+) ( ,(&,/+ +&7+) (, *+ &,+ ), ++ 8( ) &,()> *+ +67,+> *+ *+767,+ ? *+) =*&7&,*,+) +, ()*++ + +*,+ 67+6+(,6 ( 7(7+ */,(+. L+ &7+, (* 67+6+(,6 + ) 67+,+*(,6( ( )(6( + ( /+)> (7 ++ 8( +? ) 7&(4+) ( &( *) &7)) ) 76) 6+, 76 67() /+)K ), )&=(,6(). &(( 7(&(77 /9(, (67+. I,8&) (67(++(,6( (,=(7) &((, 7(&(77 ( &+) ,6(,)8) ( 67+6+(,6> + (,& ,*&?(, ,6&4+, ? 8(,6*+, +76=+*.
XXIII
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
XXIV
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
<.- RECOMENDACIONES L+ ,(&,/+ 7( &(( 67+6+7)( , ,6(7++ (+,6( +*,+ *+8&*, (=+*)7,+)> (, &? +) () 7(=(74*( (* &) ( (=+*)7,+) ( 6(7(7+ 9(,(7+,> + , )(7 &( )( 6(,9+ ,(,6 (+6 ( *+) )(,)4*+() ( *) 779+,)) + *+) (=+*)7,+) ( )(9&,+ 9(,(7+,.
XXV
L+ &6*+, ( =*&7&,*,+) ( 6(7(7+ 9(,(7+, (4( ,6(*+7)( 7 (* (,6 &, 67+6+(,6 +*6(7,+68 +)6+ *+ ++7, ( ) (,)+?) &( 8+*7(, )& (=++. N 4)6+,6(> ? ++ *+ &6*+ )67++ (, 67 6 ( ,=(,()> &(( *+,6(+7)( 67+6+(,6 +*6(7,+68. P77,+7 +* +(,6( ? + *+ =+*+ ,=7+, )47( *+ (+, 7()76+> ))> ,47(> +, +,)67+, ? (=(6) )(&,+7).
10.- REFERENCIAS T77() A> D( C(*) MR> B(** S> B*+,&(7 J> D7+ J> M*,) L> (6 +*. N7+68+) SEPAR. D+9,)6 ? 67+6+(,6 ( *+ ,(&,/+ ,)+*. A7 B7,,(&* 1<<$ 33:3#-50. *8+7(-L(7+ F> P+*+7 M> O*+((+ P> I,)+&)6 J> B(7(@ B> C(7+ E. E)6& ,+,+* ( 89*+,+ ( ,=(, ,)+* (, &,+() ( &+) ,6(,)8). I,=7( (* + 2001. M( I,6(,)8+ 2003 2$:13-23.
