COLLEGE OF NURSING AND HEALTH HEALTH SCIENCES Palawan State University Puerto Princesa City, Palawan
Course No: TFN 1 Course Title: Theoretical Foundation of Nurin! Report Topic: Dorothea Ore" O#$ECTI%ES to assess the patient condition by the various methods explained by the nursing theory • • • • • •
to identiy the needs o the patient to demonstrate an e!ective communication and interaction with the patient" to select a theory or the application according to the need o the patient to apply the theory to solve the identi#ed problems o the patient to evaluate the extent to which the process was ruitul
#RIEF #AC&GROUND OF DOROTHEA ORE' (1)1*+,--./ $orn %&%' in $altimore, US • • • • •
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(arned her diploma at Providence )ospital * +ashington, C %&-& * $SN (d", Catholic University o .merica %&'/ * 0SN (d", Catholic University o .merica She wor1ed as a sta! nurse, private duty nurse, nurse educator and administrator and nurse consultant" Received Rece ived honorary octor o Science degree in %&23" Theory was #rst published published in Nursing: Concepts of Practice in %&2%, second in %&45, in %&&/, and 655%
'A$OR ASSU'0TIONS AND CONCE0TS OF THE THEOR People should be sel7reliant and responsible or their own care and others in their amily •
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needing care People are distinct individuals Nursing is a orm o action * interaction between two or more persons
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Succes Suc cessu sully lly mee meetin ting g uni univer versal sal an and d dev develo elopme pment nt sel sel7ca 7care re re re8ui 8uisit sites es is an imp importa ortant nt
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component o primary care prevention and ill health . pers person9s on9s 1now 1nowledg ledge e o poten potential tial health prob problems lems is nec necessa essary ry or prom promoting oting sel7car sel7care e
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behaviors Sel7care and dependent care are behaviors learned within a socio7cultural context
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A2 THEOR OF SELF+CARE
This theory ncludes: ncludes: Self+care * practice o activities that individual initiates and perorm on their own behal in •
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maintaining lie ,health and well being human an abi abili lity ty whi which ch is ;th ;the e ab abili ility ty or eng engag aging ing in se sel l7ca 7care re;; Self+care Self+ care a!enc a!enc3 3 * is a hum 7conditioned by age developmental state, lie experience sociocultural orientation health and available resources
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Thera4eutic elf+care de"and * ;totality o sel7care actions to be perormed or some
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duration in order to meet sel7care re8uisites by using valid methods and related sets o operations and actions; Self+care re5uiite 7 action directed towards provision o sel7care" - categories o sel7 care re8uisites are7 Universal sel7care re8uisites o evelopmental sel7care re8uisites o o
)ealth deviation sel7care re8uisites
12 Uni6eral elf+care re5uiite .ssociated with lie processes and the maintenance o the integrity o human structure and •
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unctioning Common to all , .< denti#es these re8uisites as: 0aintenance o su=cient inta1e o air ,water, ood o o o o o
Provision o care association with elimination process $alance between activity and rest, between solitude and social interaction Prevention o ha>ards to human lie well7being and Promotion o human unctioning
,2 De6elo4"ental elf+care re5uiite .ssociated with developmental processes? derived rom a condition@" Ar associated with an •
event o o
("g" adBusting to a new Bob adBusting to body changes
72 Health de6iation elf+care Re8uired in conditions o illness, inBury, or disease "these include:77 •
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See1ing and securing appropriate medical assistance $eing aware o and attending to the e!ects and results o pathologic conditions (!ectively carrying out medically prescribed measures 0odiying sel7concepts in accepting onesel as being in a particular state o health and in
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speci#c orms o health care
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#2 THEOR OF SELF+CARE DEFICIT Speci#es when nursing is needed • •
Nursing is re8uired when an adult or in the case o a dependent, the parentD is incapable or limited in the provision o continuous e!ective sel7care" Arem identi#es / methods o helping: o .cting or and doing or others Euiding others o Supporting another o Providing an environment promoting personal development in relation to meet uture o o
demands Teaching another
C2 THEOR OF NURSING SSTE'S escribes how the patient9s sel7care needs will be met by the nurse , the patient, or both • • •
denti#es - classi#cations o nursing system to meet the sel7care re8uisites o the patient:7 +holly compensatory system
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Partly compensatory system Supportive * educative system esign and elements o nursing system de#ne Scope o nursing responsibility in health care situations Eeneral and speci#c roles o nurses and patients Reasons or nurses9 relationship with patients and Arem recogni>ed that speciali>ed technologies are usually developed by members o the
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health proession . technology is systemati>ed inormation about a process or a method or a!ecting some
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desired result through deliberate practical endeavor, with or without use o materials or instruments" Cate!orie of technolo!ie
%" Social or inter4eronal Communication adBusted to age, health status 0aintaining interpersonal, intra group or inter group relations or coordination o e!orts • • •
0aintaining therapeutic relationship in light o psychosocial modes o unctioning in health
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and disease Eiving human assistance adapted to human needs ,action abilities and limitations
,2 Re!ulator3 technolo!ie 0aintaining and promoting lie processes • • • •
Regulating psycho physiological modes o unctioning in health and disease Promoting human growth and development Regulating position and movement in space
'ETA0ARADIG' OF THE THEOR
Ho8 are the four conce4t related9
The person or patientD is the central ocus o nursing care" .ccording to Arem, the personFs health state is mediated by his?her environment" . person, who is healthy, is capable o sel7 care" +hen there is illness in the personFs health state, the person is not able to complete all sel7care re8uisites" +hen this occurs, nursing care is needed to assist the person in completing his?her sel7care" Nurses must assess the personFs ability to provide his?her own sel7care and the environmental context o the person in order to overcome health7 associated limitations" O R E ' S ; O R & A N D T H E C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S O F A T H E O R AremFs theory •
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o o o o
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interrelate concepts in such a way as to create a di!erent way o loo1ing at a particular phenomenon is logical in nature" is relatively simple yet generali>able is basis or hypothesis that can be tested contribute to and assist in increasing the general body o 1nowledge within the discipline through the research implemented to validate them can be used by the practitioners to guide and improve their practice must be consistent with other validated theories ,laws and principles
Stren!th Provides a comprehensive base to nursing practice • •
t has utility or proessional nursing in the areas o nursing practice nursing curricula
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,nursing education administration ,and nursing research Speci#es when nursing is needed )er sel7care approach is contemporary with the concepts o health promotion and health
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maintenance Li"itation n general system theory a system is viewed as a single whole thing while Arem de#nes a •
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system as a single whole, thing" )ealth is oten viewed as dynamic and ever changing" The theory is illness oriented"
U S E F U L N E S S OF THE THEOR 0RACTICE •
Used in studies in patients having heart problems, cancer, and mental illnesses"
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)ad been widely used in dealing with geriatric cases, especially those having chronic7
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illnesses" Eave way or urther study in health promotion, sel7care and amily caregiver stress" Used to design nursing activities that deals with Bob7related ha>ards"
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Used in de#ning the roles o the nurses o the nurses in multiple settings" There are also several reports that the Sel7care e#cit Theory is used in the development o clinical measurement approaches"
EDUCATION •
The theory is used at all levels o curriculum and in continuing education"
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Some .merican universities continuously use her theory as a strong and e!ective ramewor1
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or curricular design" Eradually, ocus on preventive health care is being introduced also in nursing school"
RESEARCH •
. number o researchers derived rom Arem9s theory can be classi#ed relating to the development o research instruments or scienti#c measurements o the components o her theory and studies that test these components"
Reference:
Cardinal and Stritch University man, H" <" L (ichelberger, <" +" 65%%D" Understanding the orks of Nurse Theorists: A Creative !eginning 6nd ed"D" Sudbury, 0.: Iones and $arlett
