’ Botorhgnjkgûn Botorhgnjkgûn bo ij
kdnkontrjkgûn bo liukdsj sjnluènoj (ligkohgj)‘
Sjidhj Kjrus6 [givjnj [givjnj Bdndsd6 Bjyjno Pgvorj6 Pgvorj6 Hjrèj Adsç Jstdrlj
Eokmj1 00 hjyd 03:0
Ij ligkohgj os ij hobgbj bo ij kjntgbjb bo liukdsj (jzñkjr) on ij sjnlro. Hobgjnto unj tçkngkj tçkngkj iijhjbj ’Zuèhgkj sokj‘, os pdsg`io hdngtdrojr porhjnontohonto ij ligkohgj kjpgijr on pjkgontos quo id roqugorjn, pdr id kuji, hobgjnto gnbgkjbdros bo rgosld tonbrohds unj soúji bo jvgsd hukmjs vokos jntos bo ij hjngeostjkgûn bo unj oneorhobjb.
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GNRPDB_KKGÛN
´Kûhd botorhgnjr ij kdnkontrjkgûn kdnkontrjkgûn bo liukdsj liukdsj on ij sjnlro sjnlro (ligkohgj)4 (ligkohgj)4 Sroluntj quo so nds pijntoû ji kdhonzjr nuostrd gnedrho, pjrj ostd rojigzjrohds ij tçkngkj bo ospoktrdedtdhotrèj ospoktrdedtdhotrèj ij kuji kdnsgsto on unj botorhgnjkgûn bo ijs kdnkontrjkgdnos bo un kdhpuostd on sdiukgûn, quo quo on osto kjsd sorèj sorèj ij kdnkontrjkgûn bo ligkohgj on ij sjnlro, pjrj ostd utgigzjhds 2 tu`ds tu`ds j ids ids kujios so ios jlroljrê bgstgntds sdiukgdnos, ijs kujios j`drbjrohds kdn hjydr prdeunbgbjb ji bosjrrdiijr nuostrd gnedrho. Sjrj kdhonzjr os ghpdrtjnto ghpdrtjnto sj`or ´quç os ij ligkohgj4 ligkohgj4 y ´quç ´quç eunkgûn kuhpio on nuostrd drljngshd4 Ij ligkohgj so boegno kdhd oi vjidr bo ids ngvoios bo jzñkjr prosontos on ij sjnlro (so hgbo on hgiglrjhds pdr bokgigtrd (hl/bi))6 (hl /bi))6 ostds jzñkjros sdn ids quo gnlorghds on ids jighontds y ids quo sdn j`sdr`gbds pdr oi drljngshd. Rongonbd un vjidr ndrhji bo çstj quo eiuktñj ontro ids <5 ‛ ::3hl/bi. Jitorjkgdnos bo osto rjnld puobo iiovjr iiovjr j probokgr gnbgkgds bo bgj`otos hoiigtus. Kdn ids bgstgntds kdhpdnontos quo tonbrohds on nuostrds tu`ds d`sorvjrohds ij ligkohgj on suord ndrhji y pjtdiûlgkd bospuçs bo kgortd tgohpd auntd kdn ij tçkngkj bo ospoktrdedtdhotrèj ospoktrdedtdhotrèj pubgonbd oxpigkjr y botorhgnjr id dkurrgbd on kjbj tu`d.
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HJROPGJIO[ W HÇRDBD[
Sjrj kdhonzjr tonohds quo tonor on kuontj ids ids hjtorgjios quo utgigzjhds on nuostrd trj`jad1 Ospoktrdedtûhotrd jaustjbd j ?:3 nh. Ku`otjs bo piêstgkd bo :,? hi. Hjtorgji vdiuhçtrgkd (hgkrdpgpotjs bo :33 ui, tu`ds bo b o onsjyd). Huostrjs bo suord. Fgt pjrj ij botorhgnjkgûn onzghêtgkj bo liukdsj sçrgkj. Rghor d krdnûhotrd.
´Kûhd euo rojigzjbd4 Srghord jbqugrghds ids kujtrd tu`ds bo onsjyd quo utgigzjrèjhds y ids rdtuijhds kdn bgstgntds nñhords pjrj pdbor jsè ovgtjr kujiqugor tgpd bo kdneusgdnos6 so prdkobgû j punkgdnjr kdn unj ijnkotj ijnkotj ij yohj bo un bobd bobd pjrj d`tonor d`tonor unj poquoúj huostrj huostrj bo sjnlro ij kuji kuji so utgigzjrèj kdidkênbdij on unj tgrj tgrj rojktgvj ij kuji gnbgkj ij kjntgbjb bo liukdsj quo kdntgono ij sjnlro y pubgonbd iioljr iioljr jsè j botorhgnjr ij kdnkontrjkgûn kdnkontrjkgûn bo liukdsj on suord ndrhji y pjtdiûlgkd. Ontdnkos ji prghor tu`d io jlroljhds :3¿i bo jluj (M₀D)6 (M₀D)6 ji solunbd tu`d :3 ¿i bo sdiukgûn ostênbjr6 ji torkor tu`d :3¿i bo suord ndrhji y oi kujrtd kujrtd tu`d :3¿i bo suord pjtdiûlgkd. Jbohês j kjbj und bo ostds tu`ds iuold so ios gnkdrpdrû :hi bo rojktgvd. Ujio rokdrbjr quo bgkmd rojktgvd os oi bondhgnjbd kdhpioad onzghêtgkd (LDB-SJS). Bgkmd hçtdbd porhgto ij kujntgegkjkgûn bo ij liukdsj sçrgkj hobgjnto ijs sglugontos rojkkgdnos onzghêtgkjs1
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Srovgjhonto jh`gonto.
gnku`jhds ids tu`ds :3 hgnutds j tohporjturj
Ijs huostrjs quo pdsoèjhds j tohporjturj jh`gonto so prdkobgordn j kjrljr on ku`otjs bo piêstgkd piêstgkd bo :,?hi pjrj iiovjrijs ji ospoktrdedtûhotrd provgjhonto jaustjbd j ?:3 nh. _nj voz ontroljbd oi % bo j`sdr`jnkgj jnjigzjrohds y bgskutgrohds ids rosuitjbds d`tongbds.
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PO[_IRJBD[ :) Sropjrjhds ids 2 tu`ds kdn ijs kdnkontrjkgdnos rospoktgvjs 1
Ru`d :
tu`d 0
tu`d;
tu`d2
Rj`ij :1 Ru`d `ijnkd M₀D
Ostênbjr liukdsj (:33hl/bi) [uord ndrhji [uord pjtdiûlgkd Pojktgvd
:3¿i --------
Ru`d ostênbjr -------:3¿i
--------
--------
--------
--------
:hi
:hi
Ru`d suord ndrhji --------------:3¿i
-------:hi
Ru`d suord pjtdiûlgkd ----------------------
:3¿i :hi
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0) Gnku`jhds ids tu`ds burjnto :3 hgnutds j tohporjturj jh`gonto y gntrdbukghds ji ospoktrdedtûhotrd provgjhonto jaustjbd j ?:3nh bjnbd kdhd rosuitjbd ijs sglugontos d`sorvjnkgjs1
Ru`d
R%
J`sdr`jnkgj
:
=0,<
3,3=;
0
20,<
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2?,;
3,;22
2
25,0
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Kêikuid bo kdnkontrjkgûn1 kdnkontrjkgûn1
Ligkohgj (hl/bI) 8
∅ J`sdr`jnkgj bo ij huostrj x :33 ∅ J`sdr`jnkgj boi Ostênbjr
Bdnbo1 ∅ J`sdr`jnkgj bo ij huostrj1 J`s. bo kjbj tu`d ‛ J`s. tu`d `ijnkd
J`sdr`onkgj boi Ostênbjr1 J`s. tu`d ostênbjr ‛ J`s. tu`d `ijnkd
∅
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Ru`d :1
Ligkohgj (hl/bI) 8 (3)x :338 3,0=<
3 hl/bI
Ru`d 01
Ligkohgj (hl/bI) 8 (3,0=<) x :338 :33 hl/bI 3,0=<
Ru`d ;1
Ligkohgj (hl/bI) 8 (3,05:) x :338 73,7 hl/bI 3,0=<
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BG[K_[GÛN
-Ij ligkohgj so botorhgnû pdr oi hçtdbd bo LDB-SJS (pruo`j onzghêtgkj kdidrghçtrgkj pdr liukdsj) j huostrjs bo suord ndrhji y pjtdiûlgkd6 jrrdajnbd un vjidr bo 73,7hl/bI y ==,0hl/bI rospoktgvjhonto. Id quo bohuostrj q tjntd oi suord ndrhji kdhd oi pjtdiûlgkd so onkuontrjn bontrd bo un rjnld ndrhji j id ostj`iokgbd pdr ids vjidros bo roeoronkgj (<5-::3 hl/bI) provgjhonto gnedrhjbds. -Hobgjnto oi hçtdbd bo quèhgkj sokj un jiuhnd gntolrjnto boi lrupd prdkobgû j rojigzjrso oi oxjhon quo botorhgnjrèj su ligkohgj kjpgijr d`tongonbd un vjidr bo 7:hl/bI, id kuji so kdnsgborj egnjihonto kdhd ndrhji. -Ligkohgj os ij hobgbj bo ij kjntgbjb bo liukdsj (jzñkjr) prosonto on ij sjnlro on hl/bI. Ids vjidros ndrhjios pjrj ids hçtdbds boskrgtds on oi prosonto prêktgkd dskgijn ontro <3-::3 hl/bI. Ontro ijs pjtdidlèjs roijkgdnjbjs kdn ij ligkohgj so onkuontrjn, ij mgporligkohgj, ij kuji so boegno kdhd un jizj bo liukdsj on ij sjnlro on hês bo :=3 hl/bI. Ij kjusj prgnkgpji bo mgporligkohgj os ij Bgj`otos hoiigtus, ij kuji os un bosdrbon hotj`ûigkd krûngkd kjrjktorgzjbd pdr ngvoios oiovjbds bo liukdsj on ij sjnlro, kdhd kdnsokuonkgj bo unj jitorjkgûn y/d jkkgûn bo ij gnsuignj. -Pospoktd ji hçtdbd bo jnêigsgs utgigzjbd on osto prêktgkd os kdidrghçtrgkd onzghêtgkd oi oxporghontd rojigzjbd, pdrquo nd ostjhds jlroljnbd oxtorgdrhonto kujiqugor hdiçkuij d pjrto bo unj hdiçkuij rospdnsj`io
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-Ij kdnkontrjkgûn bo ij liukdsj (sustrjtd), on roijkgûn ji Fh bo ij onzghj os bgroktjhonto prdpdrkgdnji ji prdbuktd egnji botoktjbd (kdhpuostd kdidrojbd qugndnoghgnj). Jsè os pdsg`io botorhgnjr ij kdnkontrjkgûn boi sustrjtd, hobgjnto ij prosonkgj bo j`sdr`jnkgj. -Kdn roijkgûn j ij voidkgbjb bo rojkkgdnos onzghêtgkjs, rojkkgdnos onzghêtgkjs, boskrgtj pdr ij ’kgnçtgkj bo HgkmjoigsHgkmjoigs -Honton‘, nds bgko kdnkrotjhonto quo quo j hjydr Kdnkontrjkgûn bo sustrjtd, so trj`jaj on ij pjrto suporgdr bo ij kurvj, y j hondr kdnkontrjkgûn bo sustrjtd, so trj`jaj on ij pjrto gneorgdr. Sdr dtrd ijbd, y sg ij kdnkontrjkgûn kdnkontrjkgûn bo sustrjtd os gnegngtj so trj`jaj j unj Uhêx. Uhêx. Sdr id tjntd, ids sgtgds jktgvds bo ij onzghj ostên sjturjbds kdn sustrjtd j kjusj bo quo so ostê trj`jajnbd j un ngvoi hêxghd. -Oi prdbuktd quo j`sdr`o j ij idnlgtub bo dnbj y quo prosontj unj hêxghj j`sdr`jnkgj bo ?:3nh, os oi kdhpuostd kdidrojbd qugndnoghgnj. -Oi usd bo onzghjs kdhd morrjhgontjs pjrj ij botorhgnjkgûn bo sustrjtds, os kdn oi egn bo bjr ij prdpgobjb bo j`sdr`or iuz j hdiçkuijs quo so bosoon hobgr, y unj bo osjs edrhjs os hobgjnto rojkkgdnos onzghêtgkjs quo prdbukon prdbukon kjh`gds `gdquèhgkds bo lrjn ghpdrtjnkgj on ijs hdiçkuijs pjrj quo prosonton unj j`sdr`jnkgj bo`gbjhonto rojigzjbj. -Ij `jso bo un kêikuid on ij kdnkontrjkgûn bo un sustrjtd (ligkohgj), hobgjnto unj rojkkgûn kdidrghçtrgkj onzghêtgkj, utgigzjnbd un ostênbjr bo kdnkontrjkgûn provgjhonto vgstj so rojigzj kdn oi egn bo d`tonor ids
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KDNKI_[GÛN
Sjrj kdnkiugr os ghpdrtjnto rokdrbjr quo ij ligkohgj so boegnèj kdhd oi vjidr bo ids ids ngvoios bo jzñkjros prosontos prosontos on ij sjnlro, ostds jzñkjros prdvgonon bo ids jighontds quo gnlorghds, pjrtgkuijrhonto kjr`dmgbrjtds. Ostjs kdnkontrjkgdnos puobon sor ngvoijbjs pdr bgvorsds ejktdros kdhd ijs mdrhdnjs. Ids mgbrjtds bo kjr`dnd tjh`gçn tjh`gçn sorên utgigzjbds pdr oi drljngshd kdhd unj bo ijs prgnkgpjios euontos bo onorlèj, bohdstrjnbd ij rojkkgûn onzghêtgkj j ijs kujios euo oxpuostj nuostrj huostrj bo sjnlro, pjrj d`sorvjr ij ligkohgj ligkohgj tjntd on suord pjtdiûlgkd kdhd ndrhji. Kdhd rosuitjbd bo ij tçkngkj bo ospoktrdedtdhotrèj, ij sdiukgûn bo suord ndrhji prosontj`j unj kdnkontrjkgûn bo j`sdr`jnkgj hjydr quo ijs dtrjs sdiukgdnos6 jbohês kdndkohds kdndkohds oi hçtdbd bo quèhgkj sokj quo porhgto hobgjnto oi hgshd prdkosd bo rojkkgûn onzghêtgkj d`tonor vjidros bo ligkohgj. Oi bçegkgt bo liukdsj on oi drljngshd puobo kjusjr bgstgntjs pjtdidlèjs kdhd os oi kjsd bo ij Bgj`otos hoiigtus, oneorhobjb krûngkj krûngkj quo jeoktj j lrjn pjrto bo ij pd`ijkgûn, ij kuji, kdnsgsto on unj gnkjpjkgbjb boi pênkrojs pjrj prdbukgr prdbukgr unj mdrhdnj mdrhdnj iijhjbj gnsuignj. Dtrj pjtdidlèj os ij mgporliukohgj quo os oi juhontd bo liukdsj on ij sjnlro, onkdntrênbdso pdr sd`ro bo ids vjidros ndrhjios ndrhjios <3-::3hl/bI y iioljnbd on jyunjs j :05 hl/bI. Ontro ijs kjusjs tonohds, oneorhobjbos kjrbèjkjs, trjstdrnds bo nutrgkgûn y bglostgvds, hobgkjkgûn, otk6 sgonbd su kdntrjrgd ij mgpdliukohgj, quo os ij bgshgnukgûn bo osto jzñkjr on ij Oi hçtdbd kdhñnhonto rojigzjbd
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@G@IGDLPJEÈJ
mttp1//www.hobgkgnjprovontgvj.kdh.vo/ij`drjtdrgd/ligkoh gj.mth
Luèjs bo trj`jads prêktgkds @GDZ_GHGKJ, Rokndidlèj Hçbgkj 03:0
mttp1//www.skgoid.ki/skgoid.pmp4pgb8s33;27==<0335333733337&skrgpt8skgTjrttoxt
mttp1//www.`gdidlgj.obu.jr/hjkrdhdiokuijs/jzukjr.mth
mttp1//www.`gdjkjbohgj.kdh.hx/hgoh`rds/tokndidlgj/33 37.mthi
