TMB^ÀLZ DMK JB@M^JCB CHTM^HLJCBHLK. H¹ <
Hb`nrm dm kl tmbràl. @mrjlhtckcs`b.
Jbhjmptb. Zuracú mh Chakltmrrl l `mdcldbs dmk scakb VUC. Jbhbjcdl jb`b `mrjlhtckcs`b, su dmjklrljcúh dm prchjcpcbs jbhscstàl mh qum mk brb y kl pkltl mrlh kbs pcklrms euhdl`mhtlkms dm kl rcqumzl hljcbhlk y mrlh msmhjclkms plrl uh jb`mrjcb vcabrbsb.
Jlrljtmràstcjls.
Mk prchjcpcb euhdl`mhtlk pklhtmlnl qum mrl jbhvmhcmhtm plrl uh plàs `lhtmhmr uh mxjmdmhtm dm jb`mrjcb, l trlvãs dm uh `lybr hcvmk dm mxpbrtljcúh qum dm c`pbrtljcúh. Ãstl dbjtrchl dmemhdàl kl chtmrvmhjcúh aunmrhl`mhtlk plrl kbarlr uh mxjmdmhtm mh kl nlklhzl jb`mrjclk. Mk mrrbr dmk `mrjlhtckcs`b jbhscstm mh jrmmr qum mk jb`mrjcb ms uh ‛oumab dm su`l jmrb‐.
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Umhtlol lnsbkutl.
Umhtlol jb`plrltcvl.
Ldl` Z`ctf mh su bnrl jkìscjl ‛Tfm Qmlktf be Hltcbhs‐ dm <115, lrau`mhtlnl
qum kbs plàsms dmnmh mspmjclkczlrsm mh kl prbdujjcúh dm `mrjlhjàls plrl kls qum tmhalh uhl vmhtlol lnsbkutl y, pbstmrcbr`mhtm chtmrjl`nclr mstbs prbdujtbs pbr lrtàjukbs prbdujcdbs pbr btrbs plàsms, huhjl sm dmnm prbdujcr mh jlsl kb qum sm pumdl ldqucrcr, l uh `mhbr jbstb, dm btrbs plàsms. Mh mk kcnrb ‛Yrchjcpkms be Ybkctcjlk Mjbhb`y‐ dm <6<1, Dlvcd ^cjlrdb dm`bstrú qum uh plàs dmnm mspmjclkczlrsm mh lqumkkbs ncmhms y smrvcjcbs qum pumdl prbdujcr dm `lhmrl `ìs mecjcmhtm y ldqucrcr, dm btrbs plàsms lqumkkbs qum prbduzjl dm `lhmrl `mhbs mecjcmhtm, chjkusb julhdb, mh
Zc`pkcecjl kl jumstcúh dm dmjcdcr ‛quã prbdujcr‐ l uh
ljumrdb mhtrm jlnlkkmrbs mhtrm tbdls kls hljcbhms dmk `uhdb hmabjclhdb jú`b sm dcstrcnucrìh kl bntmhjcúh dm lkc`mhtbs, `ltmrcls prc`ls y ncmhms `lhueljturldbs, chdustrclkms b dm jbhsu`b. Tl`pbjb jbhscdmrl jbhscdmrl kls kls jumstcbhms dm dcstrcnujcúh, yl qum pbdràl smr qum uh plàs ms `ìs mecjcmhtm mh kl prbdujjcúh dm jcmrtbs prbdujtbs, pmrb lk trlskldlrkbs flstl btrl plrtm dmk `uhdb sm pcmrdl dcjfl vmhtlol. Kl tmbràl dm Dlvcd ^cjlrdb ^cjlrdb fljm ãhelscs mh kl prbdujtcvcdld dm kbs plàsms. Zc`pkcecjlh mk jb`pbrtl`cmhtb dm kl mjbhb`àl mjbhb`àl `ujfb `ìs lkkì dmk jmtmrcs plrcnus brdchlrcb, mh dbhdm sm mstudcl uhl vlrclnkm y sm dmolh mstìtcjls kls dm`ìs.
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bjlscbhms, mstb rmprmsmhtm ldqucrcr ncmhms mxtrlhomrbs juyl prbdujjcúh echlk pumdm smr `ìs mecjcmhtm. Tmbràl dm Kbs mjbhb`cstls sumjbs Mkc Fmjgsjfmr, Fmjgsjfmr-Bfkch. mh <3<3, y Nmrtck Bfkch, mh <3::, mxpuscmrbh uhl mxpkcjljcúh dcstchtl dm kl vmhtlol jb`plrltcvl. L`nbs lsmvmrlrbh qum kl vmhtlol jb`plrltcvl ms prbdujtb dm kls dcemrmhjcls mh kl dbtljcúh dm eljtbrms (tcmrrl, `lhb dm bnrl y jlpctlk).
Tmbràl dmk jcjkb dm ^ly`bhd Umrhbh prbpusb kl tmbràl dmk vcdl dmk prbdujtb. jcjkb dm vcdl dmk prbdujtb l `mdcldbs dm kbs lübs smsmhtl. Kl tmbràl dmjàl qum dm `lhmrl lplrmhtm, kls m`prmsls pcbhmrls mh uh prbdujtb jrmàlh qum mrl `mobr `lhtmhmr kls pklhtls prbdujtcvls jmrjl dmk `mrjldb y dmk kualr dm tb`l dm dmjcscbhms.
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Humvl tmbràl jb`mrjcb chtmrhljcbhlk.
dmk M`pmzú l suracr mh kl dãjldl dm kbs smtmhtl. Dm ljumrdb jbh mkkl, `ujfls chdustrcls mxpmrc`mhtlnlh rmhdc`cmhtbs jrmjcmhtms dm kl mspmjclkczljcúh, dmncdb l kl prmsmhjcl dm mjbhb`àls sustlhjclkms dm msjlkl.
Dcstchtls dbtljcbhms dm eljtbrms mxpkcjlh kls dcemrmhjcls mh kbs jbstbs rmkltcvbs l kbs eljtbrms. Mhtrm `ìs lnuhdlhtm ms uh eljtbr, `mhbr ms su jbstb. Kbs plàsms mxpbrtlrìh lqumkkbs ncmhms qum fljmh usb chtmhscvb dm lqumkkbs eljtbrms kbjlk`mhtm lnuhdlhtms, m c`pbrtlrìh ncmhms qum fljmh usb chtmhscvb dm lqumkkbs eljtbrms kbjlk`mhtm msjlsbs. Kl dm`lhdl chcjclk mh btrbs plàsms lvlhzldbs hb oustcecjl kl prbdujjcúh chcjclk mh msbs plàsms dmk humvb prbdujtb, pmrb sc rmqucmrm mxpbrtljcbhms dmk plàs dm brcamh. Jbh mk tcm`pb, kl dm`lhdl dmk humvb prbdujtb m`pcmzl l jrmjmr mh btrbs plàsms lvlhzldbs y mhtbhjms kbs prbdujtbrms mxtrlhomrbs mhjumhtrlh uh `btcvb plrl chcjclr kl prbdujjcúh dm tlkms ncmhms y dm mstl ebr`l, lnlstmjmr l sus `mrjldbs hljcbhlkms. Jbhebr`m mk `mrjldb `ldurl, mk prbdujtb sm vumkvm `ìs mstlhdlrczldb, lk bjurrcr ãstb, kls jbhscdmrljcbhms dm jbstbs rmprmsmhtlh uh plpmk `ìs c`pbrtlhtm dmhtrb dmk prbjmsb jb`pmtctcvb y kl prbdujjcúh sm vumkvm l trlskldlr, mstl vmz fljcl plàsms mh vàls dm dmslrrbkkb. Kbs tmúrcjbs dmk humvb jb`mrjcb lecr`lh qum kbs plàsms pumdmh mxpbrtlr jcmrtbs prbdujtbs sc`pkm`mhtm pbrqum jumhtlh jbh uhl ecr`l qum mhtrú pbr prc`mrl vmz mh uhl chdustrcl qum súkb pumdm sbstmhmr l uhls julhtls m`prmsls.
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Lk bntmhmr mjbhb`àls dm msjlkl, kbs prc`mrbs mh mhtrlr mh uhl chdustrcl pumdmh jbkbjlr uh jlhdldb mh mk `mrjldb `uhdclk qum dmslkcmhtm kbs chtmhtbs dm uhl pmhmtrljcúh sunsmjumhtm.
Tmbràl purl y Mstl tmbràl pklhtml qum mk jb`mrjcb Kl prc`mrl sm rmecmrm lk lhìkcscs dm vlkbr lpkcjldb lk `bhmtlrcl dmk chtmrhljcbhlk mstì jb`prmhdcdb pbr dbs chtmrjl`ncb chtmrhljcbhlk y jbhscdmrl dbs lspmjtbs? jb`mrjcb jl`pbs dm mstudcb, mk prc`mrb b dm kl Mk mhebqum pbsctcvb, qum sm vl l mhjlralr dm mxpkcjlr y tmbràl purl y mk smauhdb qum ms kl tmbràl chtmrhljcbhlk. prmdmjcr kbs ljbhtmjc`cmhtbs, plrl jbhtmstlr l `bhmtlrcl. prmauhtls jb`b? ²pbr quã uh plàs jb`mrjcl dm kl `lhmrl mh qum kb fljm2, ²quã dmtmr`chl kl mstrujturl, dcrmjjcúh y mk vbku`mh dmk chtmrjl`ncb mhtrm plàsms2, ²juìkms sbh kls eumrzls qum dmtmr`chlh sc sm vl l c`pbrtlr b mxpbrtlr uh tcpb u btrb dm prbdujtb2 y ²juìhtb sm chtmrjl`nclràl dm jldl `mrjlhjàl2 Mh smauhdb kualr, sm mhjumhtrl mk lhìkcscs dmk ncmhmstlr, mk julk sm mhjlral dm chvmstcalr kbs memjtbs qum tmhdrì uh jl`ncb dm kl dm`lhdl sbnrm kl rmkljcúh rmlk dm chtmrjl`ncb dm uh plàs. Kl tmbràl `bhmtlrcl, mstl jb`prmhdm dbs lspmjtbs? Kl lpkcjljcúh dm kbs prchjcpcbs `bhmtlrcbs lk chtmrjl`ncb chtmrhljcbhlk, mk mhebqum qum mxpkcjl kl jcrjukljcúh dm kl `bhmdl lsà jb`b sus memjtbs mh? mk prmjcb dm kls `mrjlhjàls, mk slkdb jb`mrjclk, kbs charmsbs, mk tcpb dm jl`ncb y mk tcpb dm chtmrãs. Mk lhìkcscs dmk prbjmsb dm loustm `mdclhtm mk m`pkmb dm chstru`mhtbs `bhmtlrcbs, jl`nclrcbs y echlhjcmrbs, qum trltlh dm jbhtrlrrmstlr kbs memjtbs dm kbs dmsmquckcnrcbs dm kl nlklhzl dm plabs mh julhtb l kl durljcúh,
chtmhscdld y l`pkctud, flstl rmstlnkmjmr mk mquckcnrcb b pbr kb `mhbs flstl prmsmrvlr mk hcvmk qum sm dmsml.
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Tmbràl dm kbjlkczljcúh.
kl Kl tmbràl dm kl kbjlkczljcúh lrrlhjl dmk fmjfb nìscjb dm qum kbs rmjursbs hlturlkms sbh kc`ctldbs y mstìh dcstrcnucdbs mh ebr`l dmscaulk mh mk akbnb tmrrmstrm.
<9 Tmbràl dm prbpbrjcbhms eljtbrclkms.
kls Mstl tmbràl pklhtml qum kls hljcbhms tcmhmh tbdl uhl tmjhbkbaàl mqucvlkmhtm pmrb qum dcecmrmh mh sus dbtljcbhms dm eljtbrms dm prbdujjcúh, sm kkl`l eljtbrms dm prbdujjcúh l mkm`mhtbs jb`b kl tcmrrl, mk trlnlob, rmjursbs hlturlkms y jlpctlk, qum sbh kbs chsu`bs nìscjbs plrl kl prbdujjcúh.
<< Tmbràl `lrxcstl stl tmbràl rmjbhbjm qum lsà jb`b mk kcnrm sbnrm mk jb`mrjcb jl`ncb tcmhm puhtbs qum pumdmh smr nmhãecjbs l kl klral plrl mk jrmjc`cmhtb dmk chtmrhljcbhlk. bnrmrb, tl`ncãh jbhscdmrl qum dmk
Mstl dcstrcnujcúh dmscaulk dm kbs rmjursbs hlturlkms dmtmr`chl, mh kls prc`mrls mtlpls dmk dmslrrbkkb mjbhú`cjb, jbhdcjcbhms dcemrmhtms mhtrm kls rmacbhms plrl kl prbdujjcúh dm jcmrtbs lrtàjukbs. Kl mxpkbtljcúh dm mstbs rmjursbs hlturlkms ms kb qum jbhduob l kbs chdcvcdubs l kl mspmjclkczljcúh mh dmtmr`chldls ljtcvcdldms. Kl dbtljcúh dm rmjursbs hlturlkms jbh qum jumhtm uh plàs hb ms uh dmtmr`chlhtm plrl tmhmr uhl nlklhzl jb`mrjclk supmrlvctlrcl b plrl jbhsmaucr uh arlh dmslrrbkkb mjbhú`cjb l hcvmk chtmrhljcbhlk7 `ìs ncmh dmpmhdm dm kls mstrltmacls qum m`pkmã jldl uhb y dm kl `lhmrl mh qum lprbvmjfm kbs rmjursbs jbh qum jumhtl. Ãstl lsu`m qum hb fly mjbhb`àls dm msjlkl, qum kls tmjhbkbaàls sbh cdãhtcjls mh tbdbs kbs sctcbs, qum kbs prbdujtbs hb sm dcemrmhjclh uhbs dm btrbs y qum mk jbhouhtb dm eljtbrms hljcbhlkms ms ecob. Kl tmbràl lecr`l qum kl `lhb dm bnrl mspmjclkczldl y mk jlpctlk, hb sm `umvmh mhtrm kls hljcbhms y mh rmlkcdld hldl dm mstb sm ju`pkm dm caulk `lhmrl l hcvmk chtmrhljcbhlk. Ms chsuecjcmhtm plrl m`prmsls juybs supumstbs tcmhmh `uy pbjb plrmjcdb jbh kl jb`pmtmhjcl rmlk. l pmslr dm smr mk kcnrm jb`mrjcb uhl mstrltmacl jlpctlkcstl, sà mxcstmh `btcvbs plrl qum kl jklsm bnrmrl lpbym l ãstl y hb lk prbtmjjcbhcs`b y kl rlzúh ms qum dm lkauhl `lhmrl mk kcnrm jb`mrjcb pmr`ctm uh `lybr
prbtmjjcbhcs`b ms pbscnkm sljlr btrbs puhtbs nmhãecjbs dmpmhdcmhdb dm kl jcrjuhstlhjcl dm jldl plàs.
dmslrrbkkb dmk prbpcb jlpctlkcs`b y jbh mstm `lybr dmslrrbkkb sm elvbrmjm tl`ncãh mk jrmjc`cmhtb dm kl jklsm bnrmrl. ]h kcnrm jb`mrjcb mrl caulk l uhl rmvbkujcúh sbjclk y súkb flncmhdb uhl rmvbkujcúh dm mstm tcpb kl mxcstmhjcl dmk jlpctlkcs`b sm vmràl tl`nlkmlhtm. Kbs tãr`chbs dm chtmrjl`ncb (qum ms kl rmkljcúh mhtrm vlkbr uhctlrcb dm kls mxpbrtljcbhms dm kbs plàsms sundmslrrbkkldbs y mk vlkbr uhctlrcb `mdcb dm sus c`pbrtljcbhms) jldl dàl sbh `ìs dmselvbrlnkms plrl kls mjbhb`àls mh dmslrrbkkb. Mk chtmrjl`ncb dmscaulk lplrmjm hb pbr kl dcemrmhjcl mh mk tcpb dm prbdujtb7 ms dmjcr ãk lrau`mhtl qum kls dcemrmhjcls dm vlkbr jbhtmhcdb mh jldl ncmh prbdujcdb, hb sbh kls qum bjlscbhlh uh chtmrjl`ncb chmquctltcvb, schb qum mstm chtmrjl`ncb dmscaulk dmpmhdm dmk tcpb dm plàs qum mxpbrtl, yl qum kl dcemrmhjcl mhtrm kl rmkljcúh dm prmjcbs mstì dmtmr`chldl pbr mk kualr dm prbjmdmhjcl dm jldl prbdujtb. Mk smauhdb pklhtml`cmhtb sbnrm mk chtmrjl`ncb dmscaulk kb fljm ^uy @lurb @lrchc. Ylrl ãk, dcjfb chtmrjl`ncb suram mh prc`mrl chstlhjcl dmk lu`mhtb mh kl prbdujtcvcdld qum l su vmz sm jbhvcmrtm mh uhl ebr`l dm `lybr mxpkbtljcúh plrl mk trlnloldbr, pums pmr`ctm dm mstl `lhmrl jrmlr `ìs prbdujtbs mh mk `cs`b tcm`pb pmrb jbh `mhbr vlkbr, mstb lyudl mstb l dcs`chucr mk vlkbr uhctlrcb dm su `mrjlhjàl, y kkmvl l uh lu`mhtb dm pkusvlkàl, supmrcbr l kl dm sus jb`pmtcdbrms.
<> Tmbràls sbnrm mk mstls dcemrmhjcls bpmrlh mh kl ebr`l dm brcamh dmk prbdujcr dm jldl plàs y lk flnmr mstm tcpb chtmrjl`ncb dm dcemrmhjcls, mh julhtb l rmjursbs hlturlkms, jlpctlk, tmjhbkbaàl, mtj, flnrì dmscaulk. dcemrmhtm jbhtmhcdb dm vlkbr mh jldl ncmh prbdujcdb, kb qum fljm qum lkauhbs ncmhms lk smr c`pbrtldbs b mxpbrtldbs kkmvmh `ìs b `mhbs vlkbr mh sà `cs`bs.