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pfefg zf`bflfggxf bkr{pf bflfg nh`bfl pkrzfghfg. tkpkrzh jkjfe. bkefz{n. b{giehn efdfgi zfgfl. jfg f`pft eknfpf' [gz{e pk`bkghlfg tkdfrf hgzkgtha. pfefg zf`bflfggxf bkr{pf pknkz jkgifg t{t{gfg bflfg — bflfg xfgi `kgifgj{gi ghnfh ihsh zhgiih' _fefg zf`bflfg {gz{e hgj{e fjfnfl pknkz jkgifg efjfr prmzkhg 4?+. tkjfgiefg {gz{e bkghl iknmgjmgifg bktfr bkr{pf pknkz jkgifg efjfr prmzkhg 2;+' Bkghl xfgi ghnfhl ekdhn. pfefg zf`bflfggxf lfgxf tkjhehz. xfgi {zf`f fjfnfl pfefg fnf`h' Efnf{ pfefg zf`bflfggxf nkbhl jh{zf`fefg {gz{e bkghl xfgi ghnfhl ekdhn. `kgxkbfbefg `kgxkbfbefg pkrz{`b{lfggxf nf`bfz jfg bfgxfe ek `fzhfg ,T{xfgzm. 2?6?('
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D' Zkeghe _k`bkghlfg 6' _krthfpfg Yfjfl _k`hcflfg _fjf nmefth dfnmg pk`bkghlfg zkrjfpfz t{`bkr fhr xf`i xf`i `k`fjfh `k`fjfh tkdfrf zkeght. zkrtkjhf tkpfgcfgi zfl{g' Tkzhjfegxf. Tkzhjfegxf. pfjf pk`knhlfrffg pk`knhlfrffg bkghl. bkghl. jkbhz fhr xfgi jhb{z{lefg bkrehtfr ?'; nhzkrjkzhe' Ghnf jfpfz lhj{p pfjf t{l{ 2;-4? 1'; — <';5 methikg methikg zkrnfr{z
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ekdkrflfg emnf` lhgiif ;? d`' tknfhg hz{ hefg Ghnf c{if lhj{p jfnf` pkrfhrfg fife zkgfgi jfg ekjfnf`fg xfgi d{e{p Emnf` pk`hcflfg jfpfz jhb{fz bkrjhgjhgi bkzmg' Emnf` pk`hcflfg ghnf xfgi bkrjftfr zfgfl jht{efh ghnf efrkgf bfgxfe jhl{gh pnfgezmg jfg z{`b{lfg fhr ekdhn 66
xfgi `kgcfjh pfefg zf`bflfg' Jftfr emnf` zfgfl c{if `k`{jflefg ghnf cfgzfg `k`b{fz dke{gifg {gz{e `k`hcfl'
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If`bfr :' Emnf` _k`hcflfg 62
2' _rmtkt _k`hcflfg Hefg Ghnf jfpfz bkrek`bfgi bhfe tkdfrf mpzh`fn pfjf t{l{ 2? — 2? — 4? ? D' Hefg ghnf bkrthafz `kgikrf`h zkn{rgxf jh jfnf` `{n{z tf`pfh `kgkzft e{rfgi nkbhl : lfrh jfg `kgift{l nfrqfgxf ¶ 6: lfrh tf`pfh nfrqf jfpfz bkrkgfgi bkbft jhpkrfhrfg. `kgikrf`h zkn{r jfg `kgift{l nfrqf
jhnfe{efg mnkl hgj{e hgj{e bkzhgf' bkzhgf' Ghnf jfpfz
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_k`hcflfg Tkdfrf ZrfjhthmgfnFnf`h _k`hcflfg tkdfrf fnf`h jfpfz jhnfe{efg jh emnf`' Hefg ghnf `k`b{z{lefg
tfrfgi jfnf` prmtkt pk`hcflfg' Tfrfgi jh b{fz jh jftfr emnf` mnkl hgj{e cfgzfg {gz{e `k`hefz hgj{e bkzhgf zk`pfz bkrd{`b{ jfg `k`hcfl. tkefnhi{t `kr{pfefg yhnfxfl zkrhzmrhfngxf xfgi zhjfe bmnkl jhifgii{ mnkl pftfgifg nfhg' Ekihfzfg pk`hcflfg fnf`h `knhp{zh fgzfrf nfhg5
6( _krthfpfg Emnf` Emnf` pk`hcflfg n{ftgxf lfr{t jhtkt{fhefg jkgifg c{`nfl hgj{e xfgi fefg jhphcflefg' _krbfgjhgifg cfgzfg jfg
bkzhgf fjfnfl 6 3 4 {e{rfg 2;? - ;?? ;?? ir 2
pkrkemr' Jkgifg pfjfz pkgkbfrfg 6 kemr` ' Lfn hgh bkrjftfrefg thafz hefg cfgzfg xfgi `k`b{fz tfrfgi bkrbkgz{e embfefg jhjftfr emnf` jkgifg jhf`kzkr ehrf-ehrf ;? d` jfg fefg `k`pkrzflfgefg embfefg zkrtkb{z jfrh hefg cfgzfg nfhggxf' Embfefg zkrtkb{z fefg jhi{gfefg hefg cfgzfg {gz{e `k`hefz hefg bkzhgf jfnf` pk`hcflfg' Mnkl efrkgf hz{ c{`nfl hefg cfgzfg tkzhfp n{ftfg emnf` zkrifgz{gi pfjf bkrfpf bfgxfe ek`{giehgfg embfefg xfgi jfpfz jhb{fz mnkl hefg cfgzfg pfjf jftfr emnf` zkrtkb{z' Jhgjhgi emnf` jh{pfxfefg ememl jfg zhjfe fjf xfgi bmdmr fifr 64
`f`p{ `kgflfg fhr emnf`' Ekjfnf` fhr emnf` 9? d`' Jftfr emnf` jhnfe{efg pkgimnflfg. pkgimnflfg. pk`b{fzfg ek`fnhr. pk`{p{efg jfg pkgifp{rfg'
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2( E{fnhzft fhr E{fnhzft fhr xfgi tkt{fh xfhz{ methikg zkrnfr{z 7 ; pp `. pL 7 ;. t{l{ 2? -4? ?D jfg GL4 > 6 pp`' [gz{e `kgdhpzfefg emgjhth tkpkrzh zkrtkb{z. pkgifhrfg emnf` lfr{t jhnfe{efg jkgifg pkgifz{rfg xfgi bfhe' Fhr pk`ft{efg zkr{t `kgkr{t jhfnhrefg jkgifg jkbhz 2 - ; nhzkr `kghz {gz{e n{ftfg emnf` 2?? 2 `'
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b' _k`hcflfg Tkdfrf Hgzkgtha @kzmjf hgh jhnfe{efg pfjf emnf` xfgi jhjktfhg tkjk`hehfg r{pf tklhgiif tkzknfl pk`hcflfg pk`hcflfg tknktfh jfpfz jhphtflefg fgzfrf hgj{e cfgzfg. cfgzfg. hgj{e bkzhgf jfg nfrqf hefg jfnf` emnf` xfgi bkrbkjf. jkgifg jk`hehfg pk`fgkgfg nfrqf rknfzha `{jfl jhnfe{efg jfg hgj{e fefg nkbhl prmj{ezha efrkgf zhjfe tkrhgi zkrifgii{ xfgi jfpfz `kgh`b{nefg tzrkt jfg ek`fzhfg pfjf hgj{e' 6( _krthfpfg emnf` Emnf` pk`hcflfg jhb{fz jfrh pfifr bf`b{ xfgi bkrtkefz-tkefz fgzfrf emnf` cfgzfg. emnf` e mnf` bkzhgf jfg emnf` nfrqf' Emnf` hgj{e cfgzfg ,nhgiefrfg ,n hgiefrfg H( lfgxf jfpfz jh`ft{eh hefg bkzhgf xfgi bkr{e{rfg nkbhl ekdhn jfrh hefg cfgzfg. emnf` hgj{e bkzhgf ,nhgiefrfg HH( lfgxf jfpfz jhnfn{h nfrqf tkjfgi hgj{e bkzhgf zhjfe jfpfz ekn{fr jfrh tkefz. jfg emnf` nfrqf ,HHH( {gz{e `kgfgiefp nfrqf xfgi jhlfthnefg' _kgimnflfg jftfr emnf` jhnfe{efg tkpkrzh pfjf pkrthfpfg emnf` pk`hcflfg fnf`h' 2( _rmtkt pk`hcflfg Fpfbhnf emgtzr{eth
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`kzkr pkrtkih. `fef pfjfz pkgkbfrfg hgj{e fjfnfl fgzfrf hgj{e bkzhgf bmbmz ¶ 2;? irkemr jfg :? kemr cfgzfg
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Hgj{e hefg pfjf tffz pk`hcflfg `kgk`pfzh emnf` H' Tkzknfl prmtkt pk`hcflfg bkrnfgit{gi jfg zkn{r zknfl `kgkzft. hgj{e bkzhgf fefg ekn{fr jfrh emnf` H ek emnf` HH {gz{e `kgift{l fgfegxf' Jh emnf` HH hgh nfrqf z{`b{l tf`pfh {e{rfg ¶ 6 d`. tknfgc{zgxf nfrqf fefg `ft{e ek emnf` HHH. tkjfgiefg hgj{e bkzhgf zkzfp pfjf emnf` HH efrkgf fjf tkefz' Emnf` HHH lfgxf jfpfz jh `ft{eh mnkl nfrqf jfrh emnf` HH ek emnf` HHH. nfrqf fefg zkr{thr jfrh emnf` HH. efrkgf zkrifgii{ mnkl hgj{e bkzhgf xfgi fjf' 4( _k`knhlfrffg _k`knhlfrffg hgj{e jhnfe{efg jkgifg pk`bkrhfg pfefg zf`bflfg 4 - 1 + pkrlfrh jfrh bmbmz hefg' _k`bkrhfg pfefg jhnfe{efg tkt{fh xfgi jhb{z{lefg mnkl hgj{e jfg nfrqf
J' _kgkzftfg Zkn{r _fjf hefg ghnf xfgi zkn{rgxf fefg jhzkzftefg pfjf dmrmgi pkgkzftfg lfr{t jhnfe{efg pk`fgkgfg zkn{r' _k`fgkgfg zkn{r hefg ghnf hgh jhnfe{efg pfjf lfrh ek 8' _k`fgkgfg jhnfe{efg jkgifg jkgifg dfrf `kgif`bhn zkn{r jfrh `{n{z hgj{e bkzhgf hefg he fg ghnf' Tkbkn{` pk`fgkgfg zkrnkbhl jfl{n{ pkr`{effg fhr emnf` jhz{r{gefg tf`pfh ekzhgiihfg 6? - 2? d`' Chef pk`hcflfg jhnfe{efg jh lfpf ,yfrhgi(. `fef dfrfgxf fjfnfl jkgifg `kgfrhe tfnfl tfz{ {c{gi lfpf ek tfnfl tfz{ t{j{z lfpf' jkgifg lfzh-lfzh {gz{e `kgilhgjfrh hgj{e `kgikn{frefg zkn{r' Efrkgf hgj{e hefg ghnf chef `krftf jfnf` bflfxf fzf{ zkrjktfe fefg `kgikn{frefg zkn{r jh tk`bfrfgi zk`pfz' Lfn hgh fefg `kgx{nhzefg jfnf` `kgi{`p{nefg zkn{r hefg ghnf' _kgif`bhnfg zkn{r hefg ghnf jhnfe{efg jkgifg `kgfgiefp hgj{e tfz{ pkrtfz{' _kgfgiefpfg hgj{e jhnfe{efg `kgii{gfefg tktkr eftfr jfg tktkr lfn{t' Ekj{f tktkr hgh jhi{gfefg pfjf tffz bkrtf`ffg' Tktkr eftfr bkra{gith {gz{e `kgfgiefp 61
If`bfr 1' _rmtkt _k`hcflfg Ghnf hgj{e tkjfgiefg tktkr lfn{t bkra{gith {gz{e `kgf`p{gi zkn{r hefg' Tktkr eftfr zkrnkzfe zkrnkzfe jhbfihfg bfyfl' _fjf tffz `kgfgiefp hgj{e jhnfe{efg jkgifg lfzhlfzh fifr zkn{r zhjfe jhekn{frefg' Dfrf `kgif`bhn zkn{r jfrh hgj{e bkzhgf xfhz{ jkgifg `k`kifgi bfihfg ekpfnf hefg' _fjf tffz bkrtf`ffg tfnfl tfz{ cfrh zfgifg `k`b{ef `{n{z jfg z{z{p hgtfgi' Tknfgc{zgxf z{z{p hgtfgi jh thrf` fhr tklhgiif zkn{r ekn{fr `knfn{h rmgiif `{n{z' Tknfgc{zgxf zkn{r-zkn{r zkrtkb{z jhzf`p{gi jfnf` 69
yfjfl' Lfn xfgi pkrn{ jhpkrlfzhefg fjfnfl `kgilhgjfrh ikrfefg hgj{e tkekdhn `{giehg fifr zkn{r xfgi zknfl ekn{fr zhjfe bkrtkrfefg' Hgj{e xfgi zknfl jhf`bhn zkn{rgxf jfg xfgi bkn{` `k`hcfl jhek`bfnhefg ek emnf` pk`knhlfrffg hgj{e' Zkn{r pfjf yfjfl pkgf`p{gifg cfgifg zkrekgf thgfr `fzflfrh nfgit{gi jfg jh{pfxfefg zkn{r tknfn{ bkrikrfe' Zkn{r xfgi zkrnfn{ nf`f jhf` tkrzf ekgf thgfr `fzflfrh nfgit{gi jfpfz `kgh`b{nefg ek`fzhfg' Tknfgc{zgxf tkbkn{` jh`ft{eefg ek dmrmgi zkzft. zkn{r zkrnkbhl jfl{n{ jhbkrthlefg jfrh emzmrfg bkr{pf n{`p{r. n{`{z. thtf pfefg jfg tkbfifhgxf' Zkn{r xfgi zknfl bkrthl jfrh emzmrfg jfpfz jh`ft{eefg ek jfnf` dmrmgi pkgkzftfg _knkpftfg zkn{r zkrcfjh jfnf` bkbkrfpf efnh jfnf` yfez{ bkbkrfpf `kghz' Yfez{ xfgi jhpkrn{efg {gz{e pk`hcflfg zhjfe nkbhl jfrh 6? - 6; `kghz' Tkefnh bkrzkn{r. hgj{e hefg ghnf jfpfz `kgikn{frefg zkn{r tkbfgxfe 4?? - 4??? b{zhr. zkrifgz{gi bktfr jfg bkrfz hgj{e hefg bkzhgf' Hgj{e `{jf xfgi pkrzf`f efnh bkrzkn{r ek`f`p{fggxf `fthl tkjhehz' @fehg z{f {`{rgxf. `fehg zhgiihbfgxfe prmj{eth zkn{rgxf' Hgj{e xfgi zkrnfn{ z{f c{if `{nfh `kg{r{g prmj{eth zkn{rgxf tkrzf e{rfgi bfhe `{z{ fgfe-fgfegxf' Tkbfhegxf hgj{e hefg ghnf jhphcflefg lfgxf tknf`f 2 zfl{g tfcf. ek`{jhfg jhifgzh jkgifg hgj{e xfgi bfr{' Zkn{r xfgi zknfl jhb{flh nfn{ jhp{gi{z mnkl hgj{e bkzhgf jfg jhe{n{` jh jfnf` rmgiif `{n{z {gz{e jhkrf`efg' Zkn{r
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d' Lf`pfgi fzf{ ekrf`bf xfgi jfpfz jfpfz jhnfe{efg jhpkrfhrfg jhpkrfhrfg jftfr jftfr xfgi jfgiefn jfgiefn jkgifg ekjfnf`fg fhr 6 — 6 — 2 `' j' @hgf pfjh pfjh xfhz{ pk`knhlfrffg pk`knhlfrffg hefg ghnf jhtfyfl'
6' _k`bktfrfg Emnf` zfgfl _kgkbfrfg bkghl pfjf pk`knhlfrffg hefg ghnf jh emnf` bkr{e{rfg 6? irf` pkr kemr Tkzhjfegxf. j{f `hgii{ tkbkn{` jhpkri{gfefg emnf` lfr{t jhpkrthfpefg jkgifg bfhe' Jftfr emnf` jhekrhgiefg. jhck`{r bkbkrfpf lfrh. jhbkrthlefg jfrh rkr{`p{zfg. jhdfgie{n jfg jhrfzfefg' Zfgii{n jfg phgz{ fhr jhpkrbfheh cfgifg tf`pfh zkrcfjh ekbmdmrfg. tfn{rfg fhr jhpkrbfheh fifr pftmefg fhr `kgcfjh nfgdfr' Tfrhgifg jhpftfgi pfjf phgz{ pk`ft{efg `f{p{g pkgikn{frfg fhr' Zfgfl jftfr jhefp{r {gz{e `k`pkrbfheh pL zfgfl jfg `k`bkrfgzft lf`f' [gz{e hz{. jfpfz jhi{gfefg efp{r zmlmr tkbfgxfe 6?? — 4?? eilf fzf{ efp{r pkrzfghfg jkgifg jmtht ;?? — 6'??? eilf' Tkzknfl hz{. p{p{e efgjfgi jhzfb{r jfg jhfj{e jkgifg zfgfl jftfr emnf`. jkgifg jmtht 6 — 2 zmglf' Jfpfz c{if p{p{e efgjfgi jhmgiimeefg jh jkpfg phgz{ fhr pk`ft{efg. fifr bhnf fhr jh`ft{eefg. `fef jfpfz zkrtkbfr tkdfrf `krfzf' Tkzknfl tk`{fgxf thfp. emnf` jhfhrh' @{nf-`{nf tkjfnf` ; — 6? d` jfg jhbhfrefg 2 — 4 lfrh fifr zkrcfjh `hgkrfnhtfth zfgfl jftfr emnf`' Nfn{ zf`bflefg fhr nfih tf`pfh ekjfnf`fg 9; — 6?? d`' Emnf` thfp {gz{e jhzkbfrh bhbhz hefg lfthn pkgjkjkrfg chef ahzmpnfgezmg zknfl zkrnhlfz z{`b{l jkgifg bfhe' Ahzmpnfgezmg xfgi z{`b{l jkgifg bfhe jhzfgjfh jkgifg pkr{bflfg yfrgf fhr emnf` `kgcfjh e{ghgi eklhcf{fg' Chef jhpkrlfzhefg. pfjf jftfr emnf` c{if `{nfh bfgxfe zkrjfpfz mrifght`k rkghe xfgi bkr{pf e{z{ fhr. ckgzhe -ckgzhe tkrfgiif. dfdhgi. fgfe-fgfe thp{z jfg tkbfifhgxf' Tknf`f pk`knhlfrffg hefg. ekzhgiihfg fhr emnf` jhfz{r tkjfnf` 9; — 9; — 6?? d`'
46
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41
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