Mejoff v. DOP

Mej offv .DOP L4254.26Sept emb mber1951 FACTS: •

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Russ i an Mej off was a sec r etJ apanese oper at i v ef r om Shanghaiand was a r r e s t e db yt h e US Ar myCo un t e rI n t e l l i g en c e Co r p sa nd wa sh an de dt ot h e Comm mmonweal t hpur suantt oCA682. o Ther eaf t er ,t he Peopl e ’ sCour tor der ed hi sr el eas e butt he Depor t at i on Boar df oundt hathewasi l l egal l yi nt hePH. o Th eBo ar do fCo mmi mm s s i o ne r sofI mmi g r a t i o no r d er e dt h ath eb ed ep or t e d t oRus s i abutt hemas t er soft heRus s i anboat scal l edr ef us edt ot ak ehi m f orl ac kofaut hor i t y . Af t erf ai l i ngt ohav ehi m depor t ed,hewaskeptunderdet ent i oni nBi l i bi df or2y r s . o Cour the l dt hede t ent i ona sanec es s ar ys t epi nt hepr oc es sofe x pul s i o n ofundes i r abl eal i enspendi ngdepor t at i onf orar eas onabl eper i od. o Ofnot ewer et heSt at e’ seffor t st oc ar r youtt hedepor t at i onandnoper i od was fix ed si nce ‘ r easonabl et i me’was made t o depend upon t he c i r c ums t anc es . I l l egalal i ens ,t houghs t at el es s,hav enor i ghtofas yl um i nt hePH butf or ei gner s notenemi esma ma yno tbedet ai nedf ore xpi r yofper mi s s i ont os t a y .

I SSUE+RULI NG MayMe Mej offber el eased?Y ?YES. The pr ot ec t i on agai ns td epr i v at i o n ofl i ber t y wi t houtd ue pr oc es s ofl a wa nd e x c ep tf o rc r i me sc o mmi mm t t ed a ga i n s tt he l a ws o ft h el a nd i s no tl i mi t e dt o Phi l i ppi nec i t i z ensbutex t endst oal l r es i dent s ,ex ceptenemyal i ens ,r egar dl es sof nat i onal i t y . o Mej off’ s ent r y was notunl awf ul ;he was br oughti n by a de f act o g o v e r n me me nt . Ar tI I ,Se c3o ft he Co ns t i t u t i o na dop t sg en er a l l ya c ce pt ed p r i n c i p l e so f i nt er nat i onal l aw. o I nt heUni v er s alDec l ar at i onofHumanRi ght s ,t her i ghtt ol i f eandl i ber t y wasappl i edt oal lhumanbei ngs ,wi t houtdi s t i nc t i on( Ar t2) ,ev er yonehas ar i ghtt or emedi esagai ns tv i ol at i onsoff undament alr i ght s( Ar t8) ,and t hatnoones hal l bear bi t r ar i l yar r es t ed,det ai ned,norex i l ed( Ar t9) . US v . Ni chol s: t h e Co ur th a st h ep owe rt or e l e as ed e t a i n ed a l i e ns f o r unr eas on abl eper i odsont hegr oundt hatt hewar r antofdep or t at i oni sf unc t us o ffic i o . St ani s z ews k iv .Wat k i ns:as t at el es sper s ondet ai nedf or7mos .wascondi t i onal l y r el eas ed •

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 J us t i c eJ ac k s on( r e:appl i c at i onf orbai lofCommuni s t s ) :r i ghtt oequalt r eat ment appl i es ;e xi s t enc e ofas ubs t ant i alques t i onaboutac onv i c t i oni mpl i esamor e t hannegl i gi bl er i s kofr ev er s al . o Thi swasmade appl i cabl et ot he pr esentcase– no caseand r emot e c hanc eoffi l i ngac as eaga i ns tMej off . Rel eas eonf ol l o wi ngt er ms :s ur v ei l l anc eandbond.

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a nt e d. Di sposi t i on:Gr