General English for non-English students
Modul Perkuliahan Mata Kuliah: Bahasa Inggris
Disusun oleh : Fredy Simanjuntak, S. Th
STT REAL BATAM PROGRAM STRATA SATU 2015
Kata Pengantar Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris, khususnya di program S1 STT REAL, memiliki karakteristik tersendiri karena mata kuliah bahasa Inggris sebagai mata kuliah umum (MKU), dan biasanya mahasiswa sudah pernah belajar Bahasa Inggris sebelumnya, yaitu di tingkat SLTP dan SLTA sehingga diasumsikan bahwa mereka sudah pernah tahu dan menguasai kaidahkaidah dasar Bahasa Inggris yang meliputi English basic skills atau kemampuan dasar bahasa Inggris ( Speaking, reading, wariting dan listening) dan mempunyai bekal konsep tentang English component atau unsur-unsur yang ada dalam bahasa inggris (Vocabulary, Grammar/structure, dan pronounciation). Hanya saja mungkin pengetahuan-pengetahuan tentang kaidah-kaidah Bahasa Inggris tersebut masih perlu diluruskan, ditata secara sistematik dan dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Dalam proses pembelajaran bahasa Inggris tentunya perlu kiranya untuk terus dilakukan penataan kembali pola pemahaman dan juga materi atau bahan ajar bahasa Inggris secara sistematis dalam bentuk skemata atau konsepkonsep yang lebih simple dan mudah untuk dipahami, karena mengingat karakteristik mahasiswa STT REAL yang bukan mahasiwa program bahasa sehingga diperlukan desain materi yang yang lebih sederhana Modul ini memuat ringkasan materi bahasa Inggris dengan didikuti latihan-latihan soal yang disusun secara sederhana dan sistematis menurut kaidahkaidah gramatika Bahasa Inggris tertentu, yang dianggap esensial sebagai dasar untuk mengembangkan ketrampilan bahasa lisan maupun tulisan (spoken / written) seperti polapola dasar kalimat bahasa Inggris, words, phrases, , clauses, tenses, gerunds and present participles, conditional sentences, determiners, passive vioice, reported speech, dan verb patterns, etc.
KELOMPOK : MATA KULIAH PENGEMBANGAN KEPRIBADIAN
DOSEN NAMA MATA KULIAH KODE BOBOT SEMESTER PRASYARAT PERTEMUAN
: Fredy Simanjuntak S.Th., M.Th (C) : BAHASA INGGRIS : : 2sks : : :14 x (2x 50 MENIT)
STANDART KOMPETENSI Mahasiswa menguasai pengetahuan tentang bahasa Inggris, memiliki kesadaran tnetang pentingnya bahasa Inggris, serta menunjukkan kebiasaan menggunakannya dalam pelayanan. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
KOMPETENSI DASAR Mampu membaca dan berdialog dengan intonasi yang benar Mampu menterjemahkan arti kata dengan benar Mampu menganalisa kalimat bahasa inggris dengan baik Mampu bercerita dalam bahasa Inggris Mampu berdoa dalam bahasa Inggris Mampu menyampaikan renungan singkat dalam bahasa Inggris Mampu menyanyikan Himne atau lagu dalam bahasa Inggris
URUTAN DAN RINCIAN MATERI A. Fonetic (Cara membaca dalam bahasa Inggris) B. Perbendaharaan kata (Memory Bank System) C. Gramatika Dasar 1. Regulation Of Reading 2. Greeting And Telling Times 3. Demonstrative Pronoun 4. Numeral 5. Preposition 6. Derivative 7. Pronoun 8. Article 9. Miscellany Materials 10. Request Sentence 11. Comparison Degree
D. E.
F. G.
12. Kinds Of Question 13. Question Word 14. Question Tag 15. Predication 16. Auxiliary verb 17. Multifunction Words 18. Gerund Tenses Doa Sederhana Dalam Bahasa Inggris (Doa bapa Kami, Doa Makan, doa mau tidur, Mazmur) Renungan Sederhana Dalam Bahasa Inggris Nyanian, Himne, Lagu dalam bahasa Inggris
INDIKATOR HASIL BELAJAR 1. Membaca Dengan Lancar 2. Memberitakan Arti Kata Dengan Benar 3. Menganalisa Kalimat Bahasa Inggris 4. Bercerita Dalam Bahasa Inggris 5. Berdoa Dalam Bahasa Inggris 6. Menyampaikan Renungan Singkat Dalam Bahasa Inggris 7. Menyanyikan Himne Dalam Bahasa Inggris
Pendekatan Pengalaman Belajar
Metoda Tugas Standart penilaian
Teknik Bentuk Soal Media
STANDART PROSES PEMBELAJARAN : Kontekstualis dan Partisipatoris 1. Mahasiswa mendengarkan kuliah yang disampaikan dosen 2. Mahasiswa mendiskusikan 3. Mahasiswa mendemonstrasikan kemampuan berbahasa inggris : Ceramah, diskusi, tugas-tugas individu dan kelompok : Menghafalkan perbendaharaan kata bahasa Inggris : 1. Partisipasi dan Kehadiran : 10% 2. Presensi : 20% 3. Tugas : 30% 4. Ujian :40% : Tertulis dan lisan : Tes tertulis, Dikte Lanjutan, percakapan, Proyek Kerja : Laptop, LCD Proyector, Materi Audio dan Video bahasa Inggris
SUMBER BELAJAR 1. Kelas 2. Media Elektronik (Internet) 3. Narasumber 4. Lingkungan Alam 5. Lingkungan sosial 6. Teman di kampus 7. Teman di masyarakat setempat 8. Komunitas gereja 9. Literatur 1. Alkitab, Bahasa Inggris, New International Version, Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids, Michigan 2. The New Student Bible, Expanded and Updated, NIV 3. Hymnal Song Book 4. English 900 (Intonation) 5. ARC (Achieving Reading Comprehension) Book Dictation 6. Mastery On English Book
A. Phonetic English Alphabet As generally if we want to study English we have to know about the way how to pronounce the letters such as:
A=
[eɪ]
(a-n-d, a-f-t-e-r, a-p-p-l-e)
B=
[biː]
(b-a-n-a-n-a, b-a-t-h-r-o-o-m, b-o-y)
C=
[siː]
(c-a-r, c-o-a-t, c-o-l-o-u-r)
D=
[diː]
(d-o-g, d-r-e-a-m, d-o-l-l-a-r)
E=
[iː]
(e-l-e-p-h-a-n-t, e-y-e, e-x-t-r-e-m-e)
F=
[ɛf]
(f-i-n-g-e-r, f-o-u-r, f-i-r-e)
G=
[dʒiː]
(g-i-r-a-f-f-e, g-i-r-l, g-r-e-e-n)
H=
[eɪtʃ]
(h-o-t-e-l, h-a-p-p-y, h-o-l-i-d-a-y)
I=
[aɪ]
(i-m-a-g-e, i-s-l-a-n-d, I-n-d-i-a-n-a)
J=
[dʒeɪ]
(j-u-n-g-l-e, j-o-l-l-y, J-o-s-e-p-h-i-n-e)
K=
[keɪ]
(k-a-n-g-a-r-o-o, k-o-a-l-a, k-a-r-a-t-e)
L=
[ɛl]
(l-o-w, l-e-v-e-l, l-i-o-n)
M=
[ɛm]
(m-o-t-h-e-r, m-o-m-e-n-t, m-e-s-s)
N=
[ɛn]
(n-o, n-i-g-h-t, n-o-o-n)
O=
[oʊ]
(o-l-d, o-b-j-e-c-t, o-a-t)
P=
[piː]
(p-e-n-g-u-i-n-e, p-i-a-n-o, p-a-c-k-e-t)
Q=
[kjuː]
(q-u-i-e-t, Q-u-e-e-n, q-u-o-t-e)
R=
[ɑr]
(r-e-d, r-i-g-h-t, r-a-b-b-i-t)
S=
[ɛs]
(s-t-r-o-n-g, s-e-v-e-n, s-i-l-v-e-r)
T=
[tiː]
(t-e-a, t-h-o-u-s-a-n-d, t-w-o)
U=
[juː]
(u-s-e, u-n-f-a-i-r, u-n-d-e-r)
V=
[viː]
(v-a-c-a-t-i-o-n, v-e-r-y, v-a-m-p-i-r-e)
1
W = [ˈdʌbəl juː] say: double-ju (w-e-s-t, w-o-r-m, w-h-i-t-e) X = [ɛks] (X-r-a-y, x-y-l-o-p-h-o-n-e, X-m-a-s) Y = [waɪ] (y-a-r-d, y-e-l-l-o-w, y-e-a-h) Z = [zɛd] in British English, [ziː] in American English (z-e-r-o, z-e-b-r-a, z-i-l-l-i-o-n)
Please make some spelling of the word that consisted of one syllable, two syllables even more. Examples: One Syllable
two syllables
three syllables
Buy [bi-yu-wai]
study [es-ti-yu-di-way]
malaysia [em-ei-el-ei-way-es-ai-ei]
Get [ji-i-ti]
carry [si-ei-ar-ar-way]
etc
B. Memory Bank System 1. Regular Verbs (Kata Kerja Beraturan) Infinitive Accept Act Achieve Admire Advise Affect Agree Amaze Amuse Answer Appear Arrange Arrive Ask Attack Bake Behave Believe Belong Blame
Past Accepted Acted Achieved Admired Advised Affected Agreed Amazed Amused Answered Appeared Arranged Arrived Asked Attacked Baked Behaved Believed Belonged Blamed
Participle Accepted Acted Achieved Admired Advised Affected Agreed Amazed Amused Answered Appeared Arranged Arrived Asked Attacked Baked Behaved Believed Belonged Blamed
Artinya menerima bertindak mencapai mengagumi menasihati mempengaruhi setuju menakjubkan menghibur jawaban muncul mengatur tiba bertanya serangan membakar bertingkah percaya termasuk menyalahkan
2
Borrow Bother Call Cancel Carry Cause Celebrate Clean Clear Climb Close Compare Compete Complete Contain Continue Cook Correct Cough Count Crash Create Cross Curse Change Chase Chat Check Damage Dance Date Decide Deliver Depend Describe Design Destroy Dicrease Die Disagree Discover Discuss Disturb Dress Dry Eliminate End Enjoy
Borrowed Bothered Called Canceled Carried Caused Celebrated Cleaned Cleared Climbed Closed Compared Competed Completed Contained Continued Cooked Corrected Coughed Counted Crashed Created Crossed Cursed Changed Chased Chatted Checked Damaged Danced Dated Decided Delivered Depended Described Designed Destroyed Dicreased Died Disagreed Discovered Discussed Disturbed Dressed Dried Eliminated Ended Enjoyed
Borrowed Bothered Called Canceled Carried Caused Celebrated Cleaned Cleared Climbed Closed Compared Competed Completed Contained Continued Cooked Corrected Coughed Counted Crashed Created Crossed Cursed Changed Chased Chatted Checked Damaged Danced Dated Decided Delivered Depended Described Designed Destroyed Dicreased Died Disagreed Discovered Discussed Disturbed Dressed Dried Eliminated Ended Enjoyed
meminjam mengganggu panggilan membatalkan membawa penyebab merayakan bersih menjelaskan naik dekat membandingkan bersaing melengkapi mengandung terus memasak benar batuk menghitung tabrakan membuat menyeberang kutukan perubahan mengejar mengobrol memeriksa kerusakan menari tanggal memutuskan menyampaikan tergantung menggambarkan disain menghancurkan Dicrease mati berselisih menemukan membahas mengganggu mengenakan kering menghapuskan akhir menikmati
3
Entertain Excuse Exercise Exhibit Expect Express Film Fill Fish Fix Follow Freeze Fry Greet Guess Hail Handle Happen Hate Help Hope Hunt Identify Ignore Imagine Impress Improve Include Increase Interview Introduce Invite Jog Join Jump Knock Label Land Last Learn Like Link List Listen Live Locate Look Love
Entertained Excused Exercised Exhibited Expected Expressed Filmed Filled Fished Fixed Followed Freezed Fried Greeted Guessed Hailed Handled Happened Hated Helped Hoped Hunted Identified Ignored Imagined Impressed Improved Included Increased Interviewed Introduced Invited Jogged Joined Jumped Knocked Labeled Landed Lasted Learned Liked Linked Listed Listened Lived Located Looked Loved
Entertained Excused Exercised Exhibited Expected Expressed Filmed Filled Fished Fixed Followed Freezed Fried Greeted Guessed Hailed Handled Happened Hated Helped Hoped Hunted Identified Ignored Imagined Impressed Improved Included Increased Interviewed Introduced Invited Jogged Joined Jumped Knocked Labeled Landed Lasted Learned Liked Linked Listed Listened Lived Located Looked Loved
menghibur Memberi alasan melatih pameran mengharapkan mengekspresikan memfilmkan mengisi Mencari ikan memperbaiki mengikuti membekukan menggoreng menyapa menebak Hail menangani terjadi membenci membantu berharap berburu mengenali mengabaikan membayangkan mengesankan memperbaiki memasukkan meningkatkan wawancara memperkenalkan mengundang bersinggungan ikut Jump mengetuk label tanah lalu belajar seperti link daftar mendengarkan hidup menemukan lihat cinta
4
Manage Mark Match Measure Mention Miss Move Name Need Note Notice Number Offer Open Order Organize Pack Paint Pamper Pardon Park Participate Pass Perform Persuade Pick Plan Play Please Practice Predict Prefer Present Program Protect Provide Purchase Push Rain Receive Recommend Relate Relax Release Remember Repair Repeat Resist
Managed Marked Matched Measured Mentioned Missed Moved Named Needed Noted Noticed Numbered Offered Opened Ordered Organized Packed Painted Pampered Pardoned Parked Participated Passed Performed Persuaded Picked Planned Played Pleased Practiced Predicted Preferred Presented Programmed Protected Provided Purchased Pushed Rain Received Recommended Related Relaxed Released Remembered Repaired Repeated Resisted
Managed Marked Matched Measured Mentioned Missed Moved Named Needed Noted Noticed Numbered Offered Opened Ordered Organized Packed Painted Pampered Pardoned Parked Participated Passed Performed Persuaded Picked Planned Played Pleased Practiced Predicted Preferred Presented Programmed Protected Provided Purchased Pushed Rain Received Recommended Related Relaxed Released Remembered Repaired Repeated Resisted
mengelola tanda pertandingan Ukur Mention kehilangan bergerak nama perlu catatan pemberitahuan nomor menawarkan Buka urutan mengatur pak cat terlalu memanjakan maaf taman ikut lulus melakukan membujuk memilih rencana Putar silahkan praktek meramalkan memilih sekarang program melindungi memberikan membeli mendorong hujan menerima menyarankan menghubungkan bersantai pelepasan mengingat perbaikan mengulangi menolak
5
Rest Return Review Sail Save Scan Scare Share Shop Shout Skate Ski Slow Sneeze Snow Solve Spell Start Step Stop Stress Study Substitute Suggest Surprise Talk Taste Terrorize Thank Touch Travel Try Tune Turn Underline Use Vary Wait Walk Want Warn Wash Watch Water Welcome Wish Witness Work
Rested Returned Reviewed Sailed Saved Scanned Scared Shared Shopped Shouted Skated Skied Slowed Sneezed Snowed Solved Spelled Started Stepped Stopped Stressed Studied Substituted Suggested Surprised Talked Tasted Terrorized Thanked Touched Traveled Tried Tuned Turned Underlined Used Varied Waited Walked Wanted Warned Washed Watched Watered Welcomed Wished Witnessed Worked
Rested Returned Reviewed Sailed Saved Scanned Scared Shared Shopped Shouted Skated Skied Slowed Sneezed Snowed Solved Spelled Started Stepped Stopped Stressed Studied Substituted Suggested Surprised Talked Tasted Terrorized Thanked Touched Traveled Tried Tuned Turned Underlined Used Varied Waited Walked Wanted Warned Washed Watched Watered Welcomed Wished Witnessed Worked
beristirahat kembali mengulas berlayar menyimpan Memindai ketakutan Membagi berjualan berteriak sepatu luncur berski melambat bersin bersalju memecahkan mengeja memulai melangkah berhenti tegang penelitian pengganti menyarankan mengherankan berbicara merasa menggentari Terima menyentuh perjalanan mencoba melagukan berbalik menggarisbawahi penggunaan berbeda menunggu berjalan menginginkan memperingatkan mencuci menonton mengairi menyambut ingin saksi pekerjaan
6
Worry Wrestle
Worried Wrestled
Worried Wrestled
kuatir bergulat
2. Irregular Verbs (Kata Kerja tidak beraturan) Daftar kata kerja tak beraturan/irregular verb (lengkap) Infinitive Abide Arise Awake Backslide Bear Beat Become Befall Beget Begin Behold Bend Beseech Beset Bet Betake Bid Bleed Bless Blow Break Breed Bring Browbeat Build Burn Burst Buy Cast Catch Choose Cleave Cling Come
Past Abode Arose Awoke Backslid Bore Beat Became Befell Begot Began Beheld Bent Besought Beset Bet/Betted Betook Bid Bled Blessed/Blest Blew Broke Bred Brought Browbeat Built Burnt/Burned Burst Bought Cast Caught Chose Clove/Cleft Clung Came
Participle Abode Arisen Awaken/Awoke Backslid Borne/Born Beaten Become Befallen Begotten Begun Beheld Bent Besought Beset Bet/Betted Betaken Bid Bled Blessed/Blest Blown Broken Bred Brought Browbeaten Built Burnt/Burned Burst Bought Cast Caught Chosen Cloven/Cleft Clung Come
Meaning Tinggal Timbul Membangunkan Berbuat jahat lagi Menderita Memukul Menjadi Menimpa Melahirkan Memulai Melihat Membengkokkan Memohon Mengelilingi Mempertaruhkan Pergi Meminta/Menawar Berdarah Memberkahi Menghembus Mematahkan Menternakkan Membawa Menggertak Mendirikan Membakar Merekah Membeli Melemparkan Menangkap Memilih Membelah Berpegang erat-erant Datang
7
Cost Creep Cut Deal Dig Do Draw Dream Drink Drive Dwell Eat Fall Feed Feel Fight Find Flee Fly Forbid Forecast Forego Foretell Forget Forgive Forsake Freeze Gainsay Get Give Go Grind Grow Hang Have Hear Heave Hew Hide Hit Hold Hurt
Cost Crept Cut Dealt Dug Did Drew Dreamt Drank Drove Dwelt Ate Fell Fed Felt Fought Found Fled Flew Forbade Forecast Forewent Foretold Forgot Forgave Forsoke Froze Gainsaid Got Gave Went Ground Grew Hung Had Heard Heaved/Hove Hewed Hid Hit Held Hurt
Cost Crept Cut Dealt Dug Done Drawn Dreamt Drunk Driven Dwelt Eaten Fallen Fed Felt Fought Found Fled Flown Forbidden Forecast Foregone Foretold Forgotten Forgiven Forsaken Frozen Gainsaid Gotten Given Gone Ground Grown Hung Had Heard Heaved/Hove Hewn Hidden Hit Held Hurt
Berharga Merangkak Memotong Berdagang Menggali Melakukan Menggambar Bermimpi Minum Mengendarai Merenungkan Makan Jatuh Memberi makan Merasa Berkelahi Menemukan Melarikan diri Terbang Melarang Meramalkan Mendahului Meramalkan Melupakan Memaafkan Melalaikan Membeku Menyangkal Mendapat Memberi Pergi Menggiling Tumbuh Bergantung Mempunyai Mendengar Mengangkat Memotong Bersembunyi Memukul Memegang Melukai
8
Keep Knit Kneel Know Lay Lead Lean Leap Learn Leave Lend Let Light Lose Make Mean Meet Melt Misdeal Mislay Mislead Mistake Misunderstand Mow Outbid Outdo Outgrow Outrun Outshine Outspread Outwear Overcast Overcome Overdo Overdraw Overeat Overfeed Overhang Overhear Overlay Override Overrun
Kept Knitted Knelt Knew Laid Led Leant/Leaned Leapt/Leaped Learnt/Learned Left Lent Let Lit Lost Made Meant Met Melted Misdealt Mislaid Misled Mistook Misunderstood Mowed Outbid Outdid Outgrew Outrun Outshone Outspread Outwore Overcast Overcame Overdid Overdrew Overate Overfed Overhung Overheard Overlaid Overrode Overran
Kept Knitted Knelt Known Laid Led Leant/Leaned Leapt/Leaped Learnt/Learned Left Lent Let Lit Lost Made Meant Met Molten Misdealt Mislaid Misled Mistaken Misunderstood Mown Outbid Outdone Outgrown Outrun Outshone Outspread Outworn Overcast Overcome Overdone Overdrawn Overeaten Overfed Overhung Overheard Overlaid Overridden Overrun
Menyimpan Merajut Berlutut Mengetahui Menaruh/Bertelor Memimpin Bersandar Meloncat Belajar Meninggalkan Meminjamkan Membiarkan Menyalakan Hilang Membuat Bermakna Menjumpai Melarutkan Salah membagi Menyimpan Menyesatkan Membuat kesalahan Salah paham Menyabit Menawar lebih tinggi Melebihi Tumbuh lebih cepat Lari lebih cepat Bersinar lebih terang Terbuka lebar Menjadi usang Menggelapkan Mengatasi Terlalu matang Melukis berlebihan Kekenyangan Terlampau banyak Bergantung Kebetulan Menutupi Mengesampingkan Melewati
9
Oversee Oversleep Overtake Pay Put Read Rebuild Recast Relay Rend Repay Reset Retell Rid Ride Ring Rise Run Saw Say See Seek Sell Send Set Sew Shake Shear Shed Shine Shoot Show Shrink Shut Sing Sink Sit Slay Sleep Slide Sling Slink
Oversaw Overslept Overtook Paid Put Read Rebuilt Recast Relaid Rent Repaid Reset Retold Rid Rode Rang Rose Ran Sawed Said Saw Sought Sold Sent Set Sewed Shoke Shared Shed Shone Shot Showed Shrank Shut Sang Sank Sat Slew Slept Slid Slung Slunk
Overseen Overslept Overtaken Paid Put Read Rebuilt Recast Relaid Rent Repaid Reset Retold Rid Ridden Rung Risen Run sawn Said Seen Sought Sold Sent Set Sewn Shaken Shorn Shed Shone Shot Shown Shrunk Shut Sung Sunk Sat Slain Slept Slid Slung Slunk
Mengawasi Tidak terlalu lama Mengejar Membayar Meletakkan Membaca Membangun kembali Menuang kembali Meletakkan kembali Mencabik Memasang kembali Memasang kembali Menceritakan kembali Membersihkan Menunggang Berbunyi Terbit Lari Menggergaji Mengatakan Melihat Mencari Menjual Mengirim Terbenam Menjahit Menggoyangkan Mencukur Mengalirkan Bersinar Menembak Menunjukkan Mengerutkan Menutup Menyanyi Tenggelam Duduk Membunuh Tidur Meluncurkan Melemparkan Menyelinap
10
Slit Smell Smite Sow Speak Speed Spell Spend Spill Spin Spit Split Spoil Spread Spring Stand Stave Steal Stick Sting Stink Strew Strike String Strive Swear Sweep Swim Swing Take Teach Tear Tell Think Thrive Throw Thrust Tread Unbend Undergo Undersell Understand
Slit Smelt Smote Sowed Spoke Sped Spelt Spent Spilt Span Spat Split Spoilt Spread Sprang Stood Stove Stole Stuck Stung Stank Strewed Struck Strung Strove Swore Swept Swam Swung Took Taught Tore Told Thought Throve Threw Thrust Trod Unbent Underwent Undersold Understood
Slit Smelt Smitten Sown Spoken Sped Spelt Spent Spilt Spun Spat Split Spoilt Spread Sprung Stood Stoved Stolen Stuck Stung Stunk Strewn Struck Strung Striven Sworn Swept Swum Swung Taken Taught Torn Told Thought Thriven Thrown Thrust Trodden Unbent Undergone Undersold Understood
Mengiris Berbau Memukul Menabur benih Berbicara Mengatur kecepatan Mengeja Menghabiskan Menumpahkan Memintal Meludah Membelah Merusak Memancarkan Meledakkan Berdiri Menebuk Mencuri Melekatkan Menyengat Berbau busuk Menaburkan Memukul Mengikat Berusaha Bersumpah Menyapu Berenang Memutar Mengambil Mengajar Menyobek Menceritakan Berpikir Tumbuh subur Melemparkan Mendorong Melangkah Merenggangkan Mengalami Menjual murah Mengerti
11
Undertake Underwrite Undo Upset Wake Waylay Wear Weave Wed Weep Win Wind Withdraw Withhold Withstand Work Wring Write
Undertook Underwrote Undid Upset Woke Waylaid Wore Wove Wedded Wept Won Wound Withdrew Withheld Withstood Worked Wrung Wrote
Undertaken Underwritten Undone Upset Woken Waylaid Worn Woven Wedded Wept Won Wound Withdrawn Withheld Withstood Wrought Wrung Written
Menjamin Menanggung Membatalkan Merobohkan Bangun Menghadang Berpakaian Menenun Menikah Menangis Menang Memutar Mencabut Tidak memberi Melawan Bekerja Menjepit Menulis
12
C. Gramatika Dasar 1. Regulation Of Reading Peraturan dalam membaca 1. A = Capital Letter = fullstop 2. . 3. , = comma 4. ; = semi colon 5. ‘… = open single comma accent 6. …’ = close single comma accent 7. “.. = open double comma accent 8. ..” = close doible comma accent 9. ? = question mark = Exclamation mark 10. ! 11. / slash = slash 12. Dash = dash 13. : = colon 14. (.. = Open bracket 15. ..) = Close bracket
2. Greeting And Telling Times Greeting salam sambutan (sapaan) a. Formal Greeting - Good Morning - Good Day - Good Afternoon - Good Evening b. Informal Greeting - Good night - Good bye/ bye - See you later/around/ tommorrow - What’s up, how’s life up - How’s going on - Farewell - So long - Cherioo Pembicaraan waktu Telling Times Batas-batas waktu: A.m = Antie merediem(bahasa latin) After midnight 00.01 - 12.00 (midday) P.m = Post merediem After midday 12.01 – 00. 00 (midnight) Istilah-istilah dalam Pembicaraan waktu - O’clock = tepat/ pas - Past = lewat
13
-
To = kurang A quarter = seperempat jam A half = setengah jam
-
What time is it? It’s 3 o’clock What time is it? It’s five minutes past twelve.
Ex:
3. Demonstrative Pronoun Kata ganti penunjuk benda 1. This menunjuk benda tunggal dekat (dapat diraih tanpa berpindah) Pola: This + Is + Singular Noun (kata benda tunggal) Was Ex: 16. This is a book 2. That menunjuk kata benda tunggal yang jauh (dapat diraih namun harus berpindah) Pola: That +Is + Singular noun Was Ex: 1. That was a car 3. These menunjuk kata benda jamak yang jaraknya dekat Pola: These + Are + Plural Noun (kata benda jamak) Were 4. Those menunjuk benda jauh yang jumlahnya banyak Pola: Those + Are + Plural Noun Were Ex: 1. Those are flowers 2. Those were tables
14
4. Number (Numeral) Kata yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan jumlah daripada benda. Kata bilangan ini berfungsi sebagai kata sifat (adjective). Types of Numeral 1. Cardinal Number (bilangan biasa atau pokok) Ex: 3. One Note: Bilangan belasan = diakiri dengan teen 4. Two Bilangan puluhan = diakhiri denagan ty 5. Three Pemisah ratusan = and 6. Four Hundred = seratus 7. Five Thousand = seribu 8. Six Million = juta (Amerika) 9. Seventh Billion = juta (British) 10. Eight 11. Nine 12. ten 2. Cardinal Number (bilangan bertingkat) Ex: 13. First = st eleventh = th 14. Second = nd tweveth = th 15. Third = rd 16. Fourth = th 17. Fifth = th 3. Multiplicative Number (bilangan kelipatan) Ex: 18. Once 19. Twice 20. Thrice/ three times 21. Triple/ Four times 22. Five times 4. Fraction Number (bilangan pecahan) Ex: 23. ½ = a half 24. 1/3 = one the third 1 ½ = one and one the second/ one and a half 5. Preposition Kata Depan Between: Di Antara (Dua Benda) Among: Di Antara (Banyak) Beside: Di Samping Behind: Di Belakang In Front Of: Di Depan In: Di (Dalam) On: Di (Atas)
15
At: Pada Under: Di (Bawah) Beneath: Di (Bawah) Prepositional Of Time Kata Depan Yang Menyatakan Waktu: - In: Digunakan Untuk Season/ Year = Only Ex: In Summer In 1999 Etc. - On: Month/ Day Ex: On January On Monday - At: Clock/ Date Ex: At 27 Th October At 5 O’clock Preposition Of Place Kata Depan Yang Menyatakan Waktu: - In: Digunakan Untuk State/ Country/ City Ex: In America In Bandung In Java - On: Street (Only) Tanpa Nomor On Jalan Pasir Asih - At: Street + Number At Jalan Pasir Asih No. 290 During And For During: Selama Periode Waktu Ikut Dihitung Ex. Summer – Ke Summer For: Selama Satuan Waktunya (Lamanya Musim) Ex: 3 Summer (3 Months). Duration Of Time
16
On: Melekat Pada Wadahnya
Above: Tidak Melekat/ Memiliki Jarak Dari Bawah/ Sering Diam Kalaupun Bergerak Tepat Pada Permukaannya
Over: Bergerak Dan Berpindah Tempat
Under: Ada Kemungkinan Dapat Dilihat Tanpa Alat Bantu Beneath: Harus Pakai Alat Bantu Contoh- contoh kata depan: - Before: sebelum, di depan - After: sesudah - Within: di dalam - In: di (dalam) - On: pada - Of: dari - Off: mati, terlepas - From: dari - With: dengan - About: tentang, kira-kira - Upon: di (atas) - Without: tanpa - Toward: kea rah - Upward: pada - Downward: ke bawah - Beneath: di bawah - Out of: di luar dari - Into: ke dalam NB: Setiap kata kerja yang datang setelah kata depan selalu diikuti oleh –(kata) ing
17
6. Derivative Pembentukan kelas kata baru dari kelas kata yang ada sebelumnya dengan menambah akhiran/ imbuhan. - Noun Suffixes: A. Adjectice (Adj) + ity = activity, creativity + ness = sadness, happiness B. Verb + ment = movement, payment + ion = Tradition, education C. Noun + hood = childhood, widowhood - Adjective Suffixes A. Noun + full = careful, tasteful, beautiful + less = tasteless, careless B. Noun + ish = childish, girlish + like = Childlike, girllike C. Noun + y = Sandy, muddy, cloudy, stoney D. Noun + ly = daily, monthly, friendly
7. Pronoun A. Persoanal Pronoun Kata ganti orang atau benda Name
Subject
Object
I (I) II (I) III (I) III (I) III (I) I (II) II (II) III (II)
I You He She It We You They
Me You Him Her It Us You Them
Possessive Possesive Adjective Pronoun My Mine Your Yours His His Her Hers Its Its Our Ours Your Yours Their Theirs
Orang pertama 1. Orang yang memulai bahan pembicaraan Ex: I, We 2. Orang kedua Orang yang menjadi lawan bicara si orang pertama Ex: You (SG), You (PL)
18
3. Orang ketiga Orang yang menjadi bahan pembicaraan si orang pertama dan si orang kedua Ex: He, She, It (SG), They (PL) NB: - We = kita, apabila kita merasa tidak ikut - We = kami apabila kita merasa ikut
-
B. Indefinite Pronoun Kata ganti tak tentu Some Every + Body/One Any No
-
Some Every Any No
+ Thing
Setiap auxiliary verbs/ Verbs Bunyi berdesis (SG)
Setiap Aux Verb bunyi Berdesis (Verb Singular)
They (Q. Tag) (Can be changed)
It (Question Tag)
8. Article Kata Sandang Digunakan untuk menambah arti suatu benda Ex: -
Mr. Green Sees a beautiful girl I closed the door
Kinds of Article: 1. Definite Article Kata sandang tertentu A. The = de (dibaca) Bila kata benda yang mengikuti diawali dengan bunyi konsonan Ex: - The World - The University - The Table B. The = di (dibaca) Bila kata bendanya diawali dengan bunyi vokal Ex: -
The umbrella The hour
2. Indefinite Article
19
Kata sandng tak tentu A. A = a Dipakai bila kata benda tunggalnya diawali dengan bunyi konsonan Ex: - A teacher - A student B. A = an Dipakai bila kata benda tunggal yang mengikuti diawali dengan bunyi vokal Ex: - An apple - An orange
9. Miscellany Materials Unsur-unsur yang mengikuti kata benda. The Use Of - Some and Any A. Some = sejumlah atau beberapa (untuk kalimat positif) Digunakan untuk countable dan uncountable noun Ex: - (+) I have some books B. Any = sejumlah atau beberapa (untuk kalimat (-) dan (?). Digunakan untuk countable dan uncountable noun Ex: - I don’t have any books - Do you have any sugar - A lot of, much, many A. A lot of = banyak dan tidak terbatas. Digunakan untuk countable dan uncountable noun Ex: - There are a lot of water in the river (formal) - There is a lot of flower in the garden (informal) B. Much = banyak terbatas. (Untuk uncountable noun) Ex: - There are much money in my pocket C. Many = banyak (terbatas). Untuk countable noun Ex: - I have many pets - A little, little, a few, few A. A little = sedikit dan cukup.Untuk noncountable noun Ex: - She gets alittle monet - She had a little sugar B. Little = sedikit (tidak cukup). Untuk uncountable noun Ex: - She has little coffe
20
C. A few = sedikit dan cukup.Untuk countable noun Ex: - I have afew books D. Few = sedikit (cukup). untuk countable noun Ex: - They have few value
10. Request Sentence Kalimat permintaan 1. untuk membuat suatu kalimat permintaan, maka kita harus menggunakan: “Will You”…? Ex: - Will You help me, Rino? - Budi, will you open the door? It’s very hot here. 2. Polite Request (permintaan sopan) Bisa dilakukan dengan cara berikut:
-
“Please” Will you be quiet , please? Will you open the window, please? “Won’t you” Won’t you turn the radio, please? Won’t you take the pen, please? “Would you” Would you stay here, John? Would you be careful, please? Would you like to + Inf Would you like to switch on the lights, please? Would you like to take off your shoes, please? Would You mind + Verb. Ing Would you mind giving this letter to your mother, jane? Would you mind cleaning this room, girls?
3. Negative Request (larangan halus) Dengan meletakkan kata not (perhatikan posisinya) Ex: - Would you like not to smoke? - Would you like not to disturb me? - Would you mind not steal my fish, please? 4. Penggunaan kata Let/ Let’s Let…/don’t let…(biarkan…/jangan biarkan) Ex: - Le me do the work!
21
-
Don’t let him stay here!
Let us (let’s) Infinitive…(marilah/ ayo kita) Ex: - Let’s go to the movie tonight - Let’s study together in the library now!
11. Comparison Degree Adjective Degree = adalah tingkat perbandingan (membandingkan sifat suatu Benda dengan benda yang lain). Ada tiga tingkat perbandingan 1. Comparison of Equality/ positive degree Tingkat perbandingan setara bentuk atau pola. Tingkat biasa As positive as So positive as Ex: -
Boy is as high as Jeni Mr. lee is a lazy man
2. Comparative Degree (tingkat lebih) Menyatakan perbandinga tingkat dari sifat dua benda yang berbeda. Pola: S + Verb/ Auxiliary + Adjective + Er + Than + O + Aux/ verb Adverb Ex: -
His house is bigger than your house Mr. Bean is more diligent than Mr. Brown
Notes: - 1 atau 2 suku kata usung “Er” - Lebih dari dua suku kata using “more” (di depan kata sifat) 3. Superlative Degree (tingkat paling) Menyatakan perbandingan tingkat paling di atas positive dan comparative Pola: S + verb + Adj + Est Aux Adv Table of Comparison Degree Suku kata Positive 1-2 suku kata Lazy Small Lebih dari 2 suku Expensive kata
Comparative Lazier Smaller More expensive
Superlative Laziest Smallest Most expensive
22
NB: Setiap yang berada di belakang Auxiliary/ verb adalah Subject Ex: -
You read more loudly than I did Aux You are cleverer than I am You are cleverer than me
12. Kinds Of Question Jenis- jenis pertanyaan 1. Yes or No Question Pertanyaan-pertanyaa n yang dapat dijawab dengan mengatakan Yes or No Ciri-ciri: - Biasanya kalimat diawali dengan Auxiliary verb Seperti To be: is, am, are, was, were To have: have, has, had To do: do, does, did Modals: will, shall, can, may, might, etc. Ex: - Is she a teacher? Yes, She is/ no she isn’t - Are you okey? Yes, I am/ no, I’m not - Have you gone? Yes, I have/ no I don’t - Will you go with them? Yes I will/ no I won’t 2. Question Word Question Pertanyaan yang menggunakan Question Word (8 W + 1 H). Dan biasanya memerlukan jawaban/ informasi Yang jelas dan akurat.
What, Where, Who, Whose, Whom, Which, Why, When,
Ex: -
What is your name? my name is Edy Where do you live? I live in Medan
13. Question Word 8W 1H 1. What = Apa Menanyakan: nama, kedudukan, benda, warna, cita-cita, alamat, waktu Ex: - What is your name? - What is your mother? 2. Where = Dimana Menanyakan tempat, posisi
23
Ex: - Where do you live? - Where do you go? 3. When = Kapan Menanyakan waktu, pertemuan Ex: - When you visit us? - When did you arrive? 4.Who = Siapa Menanyakan orang sebagai subyek (pokok kalimat) Ex: - Who are you? I’m a typist - Who gave that book to you? She gave me that book 5. Whom = Siapa Menanyakan orang sebagai obyek Ex: - To whom did you spend you money? I spent my money to my girlfriend. - Whom are you going with? I’m going with my family. 6. Whose = Milik (siapa) Menanyakan kepunyaan Ex: - Whose book is this? - Whose daughter is she? 7. Which = Yang mana (pilihan) Menanyakan pilihan Ex: - Which one do you like coffe or tea? - Which of them is your father? 8. Why = Mengapa Menanyakan alasan, sebab Ex: - Why do you love me? - Why were you absent? 9. How = Bagaimana, berapa Menanyakan jumlah, keadaan, jangka waktu, sebab, harga, etc. How long = Berapa lama Ex: - How long will you stay here? How far = Seberapa jauh - How far is your house from here? - How far is Majalengka to Bandung? How much = Berapa banyak (uncountable noun) - How much is this pen? - How much money do you have? How many = berapa banyak (countable noun) - How many brothers do you have?
24
14. Question Tag Ekor Pertanyaan/ pertanyaan penegas Menegaskan kembali pernyataan kepada orang lain Ex: - You are a teacher, aren’t you? Statement Tag Ciri-Ciri Question Tag: 1. Jika Statemen (+) 2. Jika Statement (-)
Tag (-) Tag (+)
Menentukan Tag dari suatu kalimat: 1. Bila dalam kalimat terdapat Auxiliary Verb seperti Tobe ( is, am, are, was, were) maka tempatkan saja Aux. Verb kedalam Tagnya. Ex: - She is a nurse, Isn’t She? - Rhina is not a widow, is She? 2. Bila tidak terdapat Tobe dalam kalimat maka cari lebih dahulu predikat yang sesuai Terhadap Auxiliary Verb To inf Present Paste I He To do Do Did You She Does Does We Do It You They Ex: - We Study, don’t We? - You Went home yesterday, didn’t You? - He doesn’t study, does He? Exceptional: NB: This That These Those
It
They
Ex: - Is there any meeting? Isn’t there? NB: There = there Here = here
25
15. Predication Predikat sebagai kata kerja utama Ada hal-hal penting dalam pembentukan kalimat (sentences) -
S = Subject I You He We You They
Personal pronoun (S)
-
It
Her
It
P = Predicate Forming Verb
-
She
Noun
= Object
Personal pronoun (O)
Me You Him Us You Them
- K = Kata Keterangan (Adverb). Predication terbagi dua: Regular Verb Predication as verb Irregular Verb Predication as a nonverb Adjective Noun Adverb Compliment
Verb as Predication Kata kerja sebagai predikat (kata yang menunjukkan tindakan) Ex: -
Boby eats big banana everynight Nonverb as predication Yang bukan kata kerja sebagai predikat
Ex:
26
-
She S He S You S
is Aux is Aux are Aux
a preety girl Noun there Adverb stupid Adjective
16. Auxiliary Verb Kata kerja bantu Terdiri dari: 1. Tense Auxiliary A. To Be : is,am, are, was, were, be, being, been Fungsi: - Sebagai kata bantu dalam kalimat nonverbal Ex: She is preety Adjective - Sevagai kata bantu dalam kalimat continiuous Ex: we are studying Verb. Ing - Sebagai kata bantu dalam kalimat passif Ex: Are You healed? Past Participle (P.P) B. To have: Have, has, had Have = I, you, we, you, they Simple present Has = he, she, it Simple past
Had = All personal pronoun
Fungsi: - Membantu tenses perfect di dalam kalimat telah Ex: I have read your letter - She had had bicycle 2. To Do Do = I, you, we, you, they (simple present) Does = he, she, it (simple present) Did = All personal pronoun (Simple past) Fungsi : - Membentuk kalimat (-) dan (?) dari kalimat (+) (+) She works in at office (-) She does not work in at office (?) Does she works in at office
27
3.
Modal Auxiliary Auxiliary yang bisa berdiri sendiri Dalam membentuk kalimat (+), (-), dan (?)
Modal
No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Present Can May Shall Will Have to Has to Must Ought to Use to Had better Would rather Dare Need
Past Could Might Should Would Had to
+
Verb 1
Used to
Verb To Be Berasal dari Auxiliary verb Verb to be:
Is Are
Present tense
Am To be:
Was Were
Past tense
Be :
be Being Been
future continuous perfect
Catatan: -
Dari segi arti verb to be(is, am, are) tidak mempunyai arti tetapi akan mempunyai arti
a. adalah b. berada c. ada ada Jika posisinya bukan di awal kalimat Ex: - I am English teacher adalah - We are here berada - There are many student’s over there
ada
28
-
Bila duduk sebagai kata pertama dalam sebuah kalimat
a. adakah b. apakah Jika posisinya di depan sebuah kalimat Ex: - Is there anybody at home adakah - Are you a doctor apakah
Verb to be mempunyai kegunaan: 1. diikuti oleh noun (benda) Ex: - This is a whiteboard (kt. Benda) - He is a doctor 2. Verb to be diikuti oleh adjective Ex: - She is beautiful 3. verb to be diikuti oleh adverb Ex: - He is in the office 4. verb to be diikuti oleh Verb. Ing. Punya dua fungsi 1. Gerund = pembendaan 2. Continuous = berlangsung Ex: - We are studying now 5. verb to be diikuti verb 3 (past participle) Ex: - Verb to be is studied by us.
29
17. Multifunction Words Kata kerja yang memiliki fungsi ganda. Terbagi tiga: 1. Full of verbs (Kata kerja penuh) 2. Full of auxiliary (kata kerja bantu) 3. Full of meaning (arti kata penuh) Ex: 1. Do – Does – Did 2. Have – Has – Had 3. Can – Could Ex: Do – Does – Did 1. (+) I do my homework everyday (-) I do not do my homework everyday (?) Do you do your homework everyday 2. (+)She washes the plates (-) She doesn’t wash the plates (?) Does she wash the plates 3. (+)I did my daily activities (-) I didn’t do my daily activities (?) Did you do your daily activities 4. (+) I have had a book (-) I haven’t had a book (?) Have you had a book?
18. Gerund Bentuk kata yang berakhiran – Ing (Verb + Ing) fungsinya sebagai kata benda (noun) A. As Subject Verb. Ing (S) + Verb/ Aux (sing + O/C) Ex: - Reading many books makes you clever - Playing football is my hobby B. As Object (after certain verb) Verb + Verb. Ing KEDAN PAMAN GOFIR Verbs: - Keep (on) - Mind - Enjoy - Go - Deny - Finish - Delay - Risk - Admit - Prevent
+ Verb. Ing
30
Ex: -
The thieft denied stealing the money
C. Verb To Infinitive/ Verb. Ing Verbs: - Start - Begin - Remember - Love - Like + To Infinitive (belum) - Continue Verb. Ing (sudah) - Dislike - Stop - Hate - Forget Ex: - I was late to the party because I had to stop to buy Gasoline - I will join you to watch the film later but I don’t want to stop studying my lesson now.
D. Phrasal Verbs + Verb. Ing Verbs: - Look forward to - Object to + Verb.Ing - Be accustomed to - Be used to Ex: - I’m not used to eating something with chip sticks E. After preposition and Possesive adjective. Verb: - On - In - For - By - Of - For + Verbing (active meaning) - Before Being + verb 3 past participle (passive meaning) - After - With - Without - At
31
Ex: - You can not pass the test without preparing yourself Additional: - My - Your - Her - His + Verbing - Its - Our - your - Their Ex: - I’m sorry for my coming late
Lingking Verb Kata kerja yang tak lengkap yang dapat diikuti oleh adjective/ compliment Verbs: SE BELAH SOFT - Seem, smell, sound - Become, look, feel - Appear, happen, taste Ex: - It looks crazy - You become famous Pola 2: Certain Verbs + Object + Adj/ To Inf CU MA CA PAI - Cut - Make + O + Adj/ To Inf - Cause - Pain
32
D. Tenses 1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang berulang ulang misalnya dilakukan setiap hari setiap bulan dan sebagainya. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + Verb I (s, es) Negatif : Subject + do/does + not + Verb I Interrogatif : do/does + Subject + Verb I ? Example : She goes to office every day 2. SIMPLE PAST TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang telah dilakukan pada masa lampau. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + Verb II Negatif : Subject + did + not + Verb I Interrogatif : Did + Subject + Verb I ? Example : I visited Singapore one year ago 3. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang akan dilakukan pada masa mendatang. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + am/is/are+going to +Verb I Negatif : Subject + am/is/are+ not + going to +Verb I Interrogatif : Am/is/are+Subject+going to +Verb I ? Example : I am going to teach tonight To be bisa juga diganti dengan Will. (I will teach tonight) 4. SIMPLE PAST FUTURE TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang seharusnya dilakukan tapi tidak terjadi. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + should/would +Verb I Negatif : Subject + should/would+ not + Verb I Interrogatif : Should/would+Subject +Verb I ? Example : I should teach last night 5. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan (have disini berarti sudah) Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + have/has + Verb III Negatif : Subject + have/has + not + Verb III 6. PAST PERFECT TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan pada waktu tertentu pada masa lampau Tenses ini biasanya menggunakan kata sambung when/while & anak kalimat berbentuk Simple past tense Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + had + Verb III Negatif : Subject + had + not + Verb III
33
Interrogatif : Had + Subject + Verb III ? Example : I had taught when you came Interrogatif : Have/has + Subject + Verb III ? Example : He has gone to Singapore 7. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan dan akan selesai dimasa mendatang. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + Will/shall + have + Verb III Negatif : Subject + Will/shall +not + have + Verb III Interrogatif : Will/shall + Subject+ have + Verb III ? Example : I Shall have taught when you come tonight 8. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan pada waktu tertentu pada masa lampau dan telah selesai. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + should/would+ have+ Verb III Negatif : S + should/would+ not+ have+ Verb III Interrogatif : Should/Would + Subject +have+ verb III ? Example : Mother would have washed when We come.
9. PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sedang dilakukan atau menjelaskan kata sifat rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + am/is/are + Verb I + ing Negatif : Subject + am/is/are + not + Verb I + ing Interrogatif : am/is/are + Subject + Verb I + ing ? Example : I am reading a book now
10. PAST CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sedang dilakukan pada masa lampau. Tenses ini biasanya menggunakan kata sambung when/while dan anak kalimat berbentuk Simple past tense Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + was/were + Verb + ing Negatif : Subject + was/were + not + Verb + ing Interrogatif : Was/were + Subject + verb + ing ? Example : I was teaching when you came 11. FUTURE CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sedang dilakukan pada masa mendatang. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + Shall/Will + be +Verb I + ing
34
Negatif : Subject + Shall/Will+not+be+Verb I + ing Interrogatif : Shall/Will +Subject+ be +Verb I + ing ? Example : You will be waiting me next month
12. PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung pada masa lampau Tenses ini biasanya menggunakan kata sambung berbentuk Simple past tense Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + had + been + Verb + ing Negatif : Subject + had + not + been + Verb + ing Interrogatif : Had + Subject + been + Verb + ing ? Example : I had been teaching before you came 13. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sudah dilakukan namun tetap berlangsung sampai saat ini. Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : Subject + have/has + been +Verb + ing Negatif : Subject + have/has + not been + Verb + ing Interrogatif : Have/has + Subject + been + Verb + ing ? Example : I have been living in Tangerang since 1990
14. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sedang dilakukan namun tetap berlangsung pada masa mendatang. rumusnya adalah : Positif : S+ will/shall+ have+ been +Verb + ing Negatif : S+ will/shall+not+have+ been + Verb ing Interrogatif : Will/shall+ S + have+ been + Verb + ing ? Example : I shall have been working 8 hours by 3 o’clock 15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE Digunakan untuk pekerjaan yang sedang dilakukan pada waktu tertentu pada masa lampau . Adapun rumusnya adalah : Positif : S+ should/would+ have+been+ Verb ing Negatif : S+should/would+ not+ have+been Verb ing Interrogatif : Should/Would + S+have+ been+verb ing ? Example : Mother would have washing when We come.
35
E. Short Prayer
King James Version Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. F. Short Devotional O My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me. —Matthew 26:39 “God never gives us more than we can handle,” someone said to a father whose 5-year-old son had just lost his battle with cancer. These words, which were intended to encourage him, instead depressed him and caused him to wonder why he wasn’t “handling” the loss of his boy at all. The pain was so much to bear that he could hardly even breathe. He knew his grief was too much for him and that he desperately needed God to hold him tight. The verse that some use to support the statement “God never gives us more than we can handle” is 1 Corinthians 10:13, “When you are tempted, he will also provide a way out so that you can endure it” (niv). But the context of these words is temptation, not suffering. We can choose the way out of temptation that God provides, but we can’t choose a way out of suffering. Jesus Himself wanted a way out of His upcoming suffering when He prayed, “My soul is exceedingly sorrowful, even to death. . . . O My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me” (Matt. 26:38-39). Yet He willingly went through this for our salvation. When life seems too much to bear, that’s when we throw ourselves on God’s mercy, and He holds on to us. Father, I feel vulnerable and weak. I know You are my refuge and strength, my help in trouble. I call upon Your name, Lord. Hold on to me.
36
True and False Humility Let me give you 3 examples, and consider which is the best display of humility: Example 1: A teenage girl walks to school with her head down and a chip on her shoulder. She often utters to herself – “I’m fat, stupid, and ugly.” Example 2: A man talks to his friends about his terrible job – he doesn’t brag about his job because he hates his job, but he dominates the conversation with talks of how terrible his job is. Example 3: A woman talks with her friends. She interjects briefly, but for the most part she listens to what her friends have to say. The real example of humility is of course example number 3. The other two are not really displaying humility. Example number 1 is an example of ‘low self esteem.’ Low self esteem is not the same as the quality of humility! Example number 2 is really displaying pride! It’s difficult to see because he’s not saying something positive about himself, but by dominating the conversation with facts about himself he says, “My life is very interesting! Everybody look at me!” This is not humility – it’s pride. The third example displays a mature soul who does not draw attention to herself. She is not consumed with thoughts about herself but shows interest in other people. Applying this to the Christian life – Christian humility is shown when a believer dwells primarily on God and God’s glory and not his or her own self-image. CS Lewis put it like this: “Humility is not thinking less of yourself, it’s thinking of yourself less”. Let us be a people who do not obsess with our own issues and self-image – but on God’s kingdom and glory. Philippians 2:3-5 "(3) Do nothing from selfishness or empty conceit, but with humility of mind regard one another as more important than yourselves; (4) do not merely look out for your own personal interests, but also for the interests of others. (5) Have this attitude in yourselves which was also in Christ Jesus,"
What’s On the Inside? January 31, 2015 Ever thought about how you measure the worth of another person? Maybe it’s by their wealth, their title, their fame, their looks, their education, or perhaps, their success? I don’t know how you would answer that question, but I can tell you how God measures the worth of a person. As the scripture says, “…for God sees not as man sees, for man looks at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.” The heart speaks of a person’s character, their courage and spirit. Sadly, oftentimes when we measure the worth of a person, we just look at the outward appearance. But God looks at what’s on the inside. Knowing this, how would He measure you? If you had a heart exam
37
today, what kind of heart would God find? The good news is that God has given us a way to have a new heart and it’s found through faith in Jesus Christ. It’s an interesting insight into life that when we begin to have the right heart through Christ, we begin to measure the worth of others God’s way. Print
G. Hymn
1. Amazing Grace – John Newton, England (1779) “Amazing Grace, how sweet the sound, That saved a wretch like me I once was lost but now am found, Was blind, but now, I see.” 2. How Great Thou Art – Carl Gustav Boberg, Sweden (1885) “O Lord my God, When I in awesome wonder, Consider all the worlds Thy Hands have made; I see the stars, I hear the rolling thunder, Thy power throughout the universe displayed.” Chorus: Then Sing My soul my savior’s God to be How great thou art, how great thou art
3. Holy, Holy, Holy – Reginald Heiber, England (1826) “Holy, holy, holy! Lord God Almighty! Early in the morning our song shall rise to thee. Holy, holy, holy! Merciful and mighty, God in three persons, blessed Trinity!” 4. It is Well – Horacio Spafford, written in the Atlantic Ocean (1873) “When peace like a river, attendeth my way, When sorrows like sea billows roll; Whatever my lot, Thou hast taught me to know, It is well, it is well, with my soul.”
5. Great Is Thy Faithfulness – Thomas Chisholm, Kansas, USA (1923) “Great is Thy faithfulness O God my Father, There is no shadow of turning with Thee; Thou changest not, Thy compassions, they fail not
38
As Thou hast been Thou forever wilt be.” 6. Praise To the Lord The Almighty – Joachim Neander, Germany (1665) “Praise to the Lord, the Almighty, the King of creation! O my soul, praise Him, for He is thy health and salvation! All ye who hear, Now to His temple draw near; Sing now in glad adoration!” 7. Be Thou My Vision – Dallán Forgaill, Ireland (6th Century) “Be Thou my vision, O Lord of my heart; Naught be all else to me, save that Thou art; Thou my best thought, by day or by night; Waking or sleeping, Thy presence my light.” 8. All Creatures Of our God and King – St. Francis of Assisi, Italy (1225) “All creatures of our God and King Lift up your voice and with us sing, Alleluia! Alleluia!… …Let all things their Creator bless, And worship Him in humbleness, O praise Him! Alleluia! Praise, praise the Father, praise the Son, And praise the Spirit, Three in One!” 9. All Hail The Power of Jesus Name – Edward Perronet, England (1779) “All hail the power of Jesus’ name! Let angels prostrate fall; bring forth the royal diadem, and crown him Lord of all.” 10. Blessed Assurance – Fanny Crosby, New York City, USA (1873) “Blessed assurance, Jesus is mine! Oh, what a foretaste of glory divine! Heir of salvation, purchase of God, Born of His Spirit, washed in His blood.” 11. To God Be The Glory – Fanny Crosby, New York City, USA (1872) “To God be the glory, great things He hath done, So loved He the world that He gave us His Son, Who yielded His life our redemption to win, And opened the life-gate that all may go in.” 12. When I Survey The Wondrous Cross – Isaac Watts, England (1707) “When I survey the wondrous cross
39
On which the Prince of glory died, My richest gain I count but loss, And pour contempt on all my pride.”
13. Jesus Paid it All – Elvina Hall, Maryland, USA (1865) “I hear the Savior say, “Thy strength indeed is small; Child of weakness, watch and pray, Find in Me thine all in all.” Jesus paid it all, All to Him I owe; Sin had left a crimson stain, He washed it white as snow.” 14. A Mighty Fortress Is Our God – Martin Luther, Germany (somewhere between 1527 – 1529) “A mighty fortress is our God, a bulwark never failing; Our helper He, amid the flood of mortal ills prevailing: For still our ancient foe doth seek to work us woe; His craft and power are great, and, armed with cruel hate, On earth is not his equal.” 15. How Firm A Foundation – John Rippon, England (1787) “How firm a foundation, ye saints of the Lord, Is laid for your faith in His excellent Word! What more can He say than to you He hath said Who unto the Savior for refuge have fled?” 16. Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing – Robert Robison, England (1757) “Come, Thou Fount of every blessing, Tune my heart to sing Thy grace; Streams of mercy, never ceasing, Call for songs of loudest praise.” 17. Crown Him With Many Crowns – Matthew Bridges, England (1852) “Crown Him with many crowns, the Lamb upon His throne. Hark! How the heavenly anthem drowns all music but its own. Awake, my soul, and sing of Him who died for thee, And hail Him as thy matchless King through all eternity.” 18. At the Cross – Isaac Watts, England (1707) “At the cross, at the cross where I first saw the light, And the burden of my heart rolled away,
40
It was there by faith I received my sight, And now I am happy all the day!” 19. What a Friend We Have in Jesus – Joseph M. Scriven (words in 1855) and Charles Converse (Music in 1868), Ireland “What a friend we have in Jesus, all our sins and griefs to bear! What a privilege to carry everything to God in prayer! O what peace we often forfeit, O what needless pain we bear, all because we do not carry everything to God in prayer.” 20. Turn Your Eyes Upon Jesus – Helen Lemmel, England (1922) “Turn your eyes upon Jesus, Look full in His wonderful face, And the things of earth will grow strangely dim, In the light of His glory and grace.” Contemporary and Modern Hymns 21. In Christ Alone – Keith Getty and Stuart Townend, Northern Ireland/England (2001) “In Christ alone my hope is found He is my light, my strength, my song This Cornerstone, this solid ground Firm through the fiercest drought and storm What heights of love, what depths of peace When fears are stilled, when strivings cease My Comforter, my All in All Here in the love of Christ I stand” 22. Untitled Hymn (Come to Jesus) – Chris Rice, USA (2003) “Weak and wounded sinner Lost and left to die O, raise your head, for love is passing by Come to Jesus Come to Jesus Come to Jesus and live! Now your burden’s lifted And carried far away And precious blood has washed away the stain, so Sing to Jesus Sing to Jesus Sing to Jesus and live!”
41
23. 10,000 Reasons – Matt Redman, England (2011) “Bless the Lord, O my soul O my soul Worship His holy name Sing like never before O my soul I’ll worship Your holy name”
42
