PAPER FITUR GO-SPECIAL PADA APLIKASI GOJEK KHUSUS BAGI DIFABEL
Disusun Oleh : Muhammad Kevin Fathurrahman Fathurrahman
(15522098)
Nirmala Rachma Ayu Dwinanda
(15522103)
Syabanu Rasyad
(15522110)
Shafira Putri Ramadhani
(15522170)
JURUSAN TEKNIK INDUSTRI FAKULTAS AKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA 2017
1
Go-Special Features on Gojek Applications for Diffabled People Muhammad Kevin F. 1, Nirmala Rachma A. 1, Syabanu Rasyad1, Shafira Putri R. 1* 1
Industrial Engineering, Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia *Corresponding author:
[email protected] Abstract
Public services for diffabled people can be said less fulfilled. In this modern era, technology is
more
advanced and the use of the internet more and more improved. As known Gojek application is being popular nowaday. But most of these facilities are less concerned or unfriendly to diffabled. Therefore the purpose of this study is to give the chance of the disabilities to be able to use Gojek by adding Go-special tab menus. The method of this research using usability by interviewing 10 people with diffabled and cognitive ergonomics principal by analyzing the interface of the application in terms of coloring and contrast on the application page. Based on data processing, 8 out of 10 respondents responded positively to redesign the application. The interface design of Gojek after redesign with Go-Special feature adjusts the color luminance guidelines by a 3:1 between symbols and text to reduce the cognitive load of the reader. The chosen colors in this application is enough to maintain the level of information readability by observing the contrast between the background color and font of the text. With this research, people with disabilities can use this feature, so that in public transportation service can be easily accommodated. For further research, this basic research could be analyze the effectiveness and the efficiency using the Gojek app after redesign with Go-Special feature to provide better service for diffabled.
Keywords: diffabled, gojek, usability, cognitive ergonomic
1. Introduction
Being diffabled in a society that adheres to 'normalism', where all the existing public facilities are designed specifically for 'normal people' without facilities for diffabled people is very difficult. In terms of accessibility, the availability of transportation-friendly facilities and infrastructure for disability is currently very limited in Indonesia in general and Yogyakarta in particular (Sugi and Utami, 2013). According to data from DIY Social Service in 2011, recorded the number of disables in Yogyakarta in 2011 was 35,264 inhabitants. A relatively 2
small number compared to the total population of Indonesia at that time amounted to about 220 million people (Suharto, 2010). In the modern era, especially in the field of transportation online-based motorcycles has been popular, namely Gojek. Until September of 2015 the Gojek app has been downloaded 530,000 times and ranks top on Android-based ap ps on Google Play. 150000 100000 50000 0
iOS Android
Figure 1 Diagram of 2014 Application Summary
In addition, the reviews provided by users of the Gojek app are positive and the Gojek app rating keeps increasing monthly on Google Play and Apple Store. This proves that Gojek service is superior to other ojek service in Indonesia (Sensor Tower, 2015). Based on preliminary research through interviews with 30 Gojek users in the city of Jakarta, information related to their dominant preference in choosing Gojek services are: practicality 46,67%, cost 33,3%, speed 13,33% and 6.67% security (Aghnia and Aditya, 2015).
50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00%
Gojek Preference
Figure 2 Diagram of Gojek Preference
But most of the ojek facilities are less concerned about the physical limitations of a person or unfriendly to diffabled and very difficult to find convenient public transportation. Most drivers still use personal motor that is not friendly for persons with disabilities, especially wheelchair users. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to give space for the disability to be able to use the online motorcycle taxi facilities, as well as other normal people. 2. Theory 2.1 Usability 3
The study of usability is part of the multi-disciplinary field of Human Computer Interaction (HCI), is a field of science that developed since 1970 who studied how to design the display of computer screen in an information system application for comfortable use by the user (Nugroho, 2009). Usability comes from the word Usable which is can be said to be useful well let alone failure in its use can be eliminated or minimized and provide benefits and satisfaction to users (Joanna, 2010). Usability refers to how users can learn and use products to get their goals and how satisfied they are with their users (Dumas et. al., 1999). 2.2 Cognitive Ergonomic
Cognitive ergonomics is concerned with the workings of the brain, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor responsiveness, because they affect the interaction between humans and other elements of the work system (Widiastuti, 2011). Cognitive ergonomics is defined as the science that utilizes information about the nature, ability, and limitations of human beings from the cognitive side to get a best working system (Nurhayati, 2009). 2.3 Diffabled
According to WHO (1980) there are three definitions related to disability, namely impairment, disability, and handicap. Impairment is the loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structures or functions. Disability is a limitation or a loss of ability (as a result of impairment) to perform an activity in a manner or within boundaries that is considered normal for a human being (Soleh, 2014). Diffabled is a person who has physical, mental, intellectual, or sensory disability on a long term which interacts with environment and its social behavior can face obstacles which are complicated to be fully and effectively participated based on equality of right (UU RI Nomor 19 Tahun 2011). 3. Methods 3.1 Subjects
There were two main selections been made for the respondents involved in this study with the same 10 respondents involved for each method. The first stage is for usability testing by using interview method. The respondents were selected considering the following criteria: people who have a knowledge about online based application; people with permanent physical disabilities using wheelchair; people with temporer physical disabilities using wheelchair; and not people with mentally disabilities. 3.2 Methodology
The method of this research is two methods for analyze the Gojek application. The first stage is for using usability testing by interviewing 10 diffabled people from Yakkum Rehabilitition Center about the affect and the advantage by using Go-Special feature for 4
disabilities. In this stage, the interview were composed of 10 questions related to the experience of diffabled by using public transport and their knowledge about Gojek application. Then the next stage is by analyzing the interface of Gojek application after re-desing with cognitive ergonomics principal in terms of coloring and contrast on the application page for the convenience of diffabled. 4. Results and Discussions 4.1. Problem Identification
Identification was conducted through interviews of 10 persons with disabilities who complained of difficulties in finding access to public transportation that could accommodate them. Based on the survey, 9 out of 10 people with disabilities often get pressure and problems on travel experience. They are not able to ride buses or other conventional transport because the design is not possible for those who use a wheelchair, motorcycle taxi currently not able yet to accommodate them. Here are the results of critical public transportation for difabel by asking 10 respondents: Table 1. Critical Data of Respondents Problems
Affects
Solutions
Hard to get public
The space were very limited
Presenting public transport
transportation
due to the unavailability of
applications for disabilities
public transportation capable of accommodating the diffabled people Difficult to know if the
Diffabled people are less
Promote and introduce
public transportation
likely to get information
Go-Special features to the
provided is specifically for
about the public transport
public
disabilities
application so that the app can
not be accomplished
properly People with disabilities are
Go-Special feature that has
Promoting the latest feature
not well aware of Gojek
been provided can not be
of Gojek is Go-Special which
applications
used properly and diffabled
is dedicated to people with
persons prefer not to use the
disabilities through television
motorcycle taxi
and newspaper media
4.2. Response of Participants
After observation, 8 out of 10 people with disabilities responded positively to redesign Gojek application and then provided the special facility to assist them in traveling. Wheelchair users almost never use public transport. 9 respondents prefer to stay at home 5
without doing heavy activity, while 1 respondent was a c ashier of Alfamart located in Yakkum Rehabilitation Center area. Here is the table of interview results of 10 respondents: Table 2. Interview Results Frequently of Name
using public transportation
Redesign for Gojek app is required
Solve the
Easy to
Appropriate
transport
use
colors and
problem
features
symbols
Easy to find laying menu
M. Sabar
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Ratna N
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Muryati
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Pardiono
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Aji S
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Nugroho
Never
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Atika F
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Fandi K
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bagus
Never
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Teguh
Never
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
4.3. Re-design of Gojek Application
The color luminance guidelines suggest a contrast ratio of 3:1 of lighting between symbols and backgrounds. The previous research supports the importance of contrast lighting on readings. Text color did not significantly affect visual performance (Lin, 2003). Visual design, in terms of text style and color interplaying with a background color or the degree of visual complexity displayed on a web page can either enhance or degrade screen readability, thus increasing extraneous cognitive load and interfering with learning retention (Mayer, 2014). Here are the color luminance guidelines (Richardson et. al., 2014) :
Figure 3 Color Luminance Guidelines
The contrast level in the Gojek app is clear enough with easy-to-read information and navigation viewing. The colors chosen and used in this application is enough to maintain the 6
level of information readability by observing the contrast between the background color and the text / text color. The colors used in this app are dominated by green and white colors. Green color here is mainly used for background and highlight while white color to link on some menu available. The hierarchy of in-app information is also apparent because of the difference in color and size of the letters acting as a highlights guide. In addition to using color, this application also utilizes the form as its highlight is more emphasized as a guide on the visitors of the application. The use of Arial typeface in this application because the font is easily readable by almost every circle. For re-design, researchers focused on symbols and coloring from the Go-Special menu tab. Symbols are selected to adjust the shape of other feature symbols on the application Gojek.Larna symbol consists of 2 colors that have the level of contrast enough so that the symbols can be seen clearly. Here is the view of the application interface aft er the redesign:
Figure 4 Gojek app before redesign
7
Figure 5 Gojek app after redesign 5. Conclussion
From the research we do can be drawn the conclusion that : 1
The solution for people with disabilities in particular wheelchair users is an Innovation of Online Ojek application that is "Go-Jek" which is generally only oriented to normal people now can be used by persons with disabilities, especially wheelchair users.
2
The online ojek application that is currently oriented and only serves normal people. But with the innovation we provide this by adding an application tab that is "GO Special" where the function is to serve people with disabilities, especially wheelchair users.
3
Persons with disabilities require an update in terms of public transport services where in this case is innovation in an online-based motorcycles service.
6. References
Aghnia G. and Aditya W. 2015. The Analysis of Factors Forming Consumer Preference GoJek in Jakarta City. Dumas, Joseph S. and Janice C. Redish. 1999. A Practical Guide to Usability Testing. Revised Edition. Bethesda, USA : Redish & Associates, Inc. Joanna. 2010. Penyusunan Usability Index Browser Internet. Skripsi. Surakarta : UNS. Lin, Chin-Chiuan. 2003. Effects of contrast ratio and text color on visual performance with TFT-LCD. Yung-Kang City, Tainan Hsien, Taiwan, ROC.
8
Mayer, R. E. 2014. Cognitive theory of multimedia learning. The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning, 31-48. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. M.Ed, Rick T. Richardson., Tara L. Drexler, M.Ed., dan Donna M. Delparte, Ph.D. 2014. Color and Contrast in E-Learning Design: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Instructional Designers and Web Developers, Vol. 10 No.4. MERLOT Journal of Online Learning and Teaching. Nugroho, Eko. 2009. Desain Situs Reader Friendly. Yogyakarta : Andi Offset. Nurhayati, Rika. 2009. Jurnal Analisa Aspek Ergonomi Kognitif terhadap Fenomena Buku Elektronik (eBook). Bandung Rahayu Sugi and Dewi Utami. 2013. Pelayanan publik bagi pemenuhan hak-hak disabilitas Di kota Yogyakarta. Jurnal SOCIA. Vol 1. No 1. Sensor Tower. 2015. App Intelligence. Go-Jek Application. Soleh, Akhmad. 2014. Kebijakan Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Yogyakarta terhadap Penyandang Disabilitas. Jurnal. Yogyakarta. Suharto, Edi. 2010. Membangun Masyarakat Memberdayakan Rakyat. Bandung : Refika Aditama. UU RI Nomor 19 Tahun 2011. Convention on the Rights of Person with Disabilitie s. Widiastuti R. 2011. Studi Ergonomi Kognitif untuk Mengetahui Produktivitas Kerja Akibat Kenaikan Tingkat Kebisingan Jurnal Teknologi No.2 Desember 2011 hal 136-145. . .
9
