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Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip Tmhlnairn le @mp|rn Pmo|np Werdueirn
IO\RNLUÄÀN M evzreppàn "lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nhe! äõep" é bmp|mo|e re`eo|e om hi|erm|urm bi! bhin|e`noüai`m/ Lurmo|e aui|n |eazn( np bibhin|e`írinp zrm|i`maeo|e ewi|mrma eo`m! rmr eppm }uep|àn lire|maeo|e( |mhwe{ znr! }ue np an|iwnp zmrm |mo|n oàn pe `nhn`mp! pea ea drmu le pugi`ieo|e iaznr|âo`im( nu znr}ue idonrmppea `nan mp m|iwilmlep rehm`inomlmp `na m `nop|i|uiäàn e.nu zhm! oekmaeo|n le m`erwnp iognram`inomip pe eo`no|rmwma io|erhidmlmp/ Hiai|mwma!pe m mbnrlmr eppm zrnbheaí|i`m le amoeirm ipnhmlm/ On eo|mo|n( n lepeownhwiaeo|n lm Bibhin|e`nonaim( |mh `nan m`no|e`e `na }umh}uer rman lm `iëo`im( gni mnp znu`np gm{eoln m páo|epe le zren`uzmäõep mo|ep lipzerpmaeo|e eo`no|rmlmp( dermoln n mzmre`iaeo|n le uam onwm epze`imhilmle( n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ Ip|n( nb! wimaeo|e( oàn m`no|e`eu znr m`mpn( amp m`nazmofnu aulmoämp ep|ru|urmip lm nr! dmoi{mäàn ln `nofe`iaeo|n redip|rmln( reghevnp lm anligi`mäõep n`nrrilmp ea oáweh amip mazhn( nu pekm( on lm lippeaiomäàn ln `nofe`iaeo|n fuamon/
EWNHUÄÀN LN LEPEOWNHWIAEO\N LEPEOWNHWIAEO\N LE @NHEÄÕEP Repuan M ewnhuäàn lmp m|iwilmlep ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep omp bibhin|e`mp m`eherm!pe m zmr|ir le oe`eppilmlep mlwiolmp lm "evzhnpàn bibhindrígi`m"/ Purdea zrnznp|mp le anlehnp zmrm nzerm`inomhi{mäàn ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( bea `nan m oe`eppilmle le pe zmr|i`uhmri{mr mp mbnrlmdeop peduoln m |iznhndim lmp bibhin|e`mp/ M zren`uzmäàn `na n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep |mabéa `naeäm m purdir on Brmpih( miolm }ue ea ri|an amip heo|n/
Zmhmwrmp!`fmwe Zhmoekmaeo|n bibhindrígi`n3 Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/
M zren`uzmäàn `na n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp mzrepeo|m ua oá|i! ln io`reaeo|n m zmr|ir lmp ûh|iamp lé`m! lmp( }umoln pe |nronu `mlm we{ amip `hm! rn( zmrm bibhin|e`írinp e mlaioip|rmlnrep ea dermh( }ue erm zrm|i`maeo|e iaznppáweh m`nazmofmr n ri|an mhu`iomo|e le `rep`i! aeo|n lnp am|erimip iognram`inomip/ Amip }ue ip|n( `nop|m|nu!pe }ue |mh erm werlm! leirn |mo|n on }ue li{im repzei|n ê `nop|ru! äàn le epzmänp gápi`np zmrm m`nanlmäàn lnp onwnp i|eop m perea io`nrznrmlnp( `nan on }ue `no`eroim ê znppibihilmle le |rm|maeo|n mle}umln le |nln ep|e am|erimh/
Ep|e `rep`iaeo|n lm hi|erm|urm( zrio`izmh! aeo|e epze`imhi{mlm( gni n`nrrëo`im iae! lim|m lm}uihn }ue Pnhhm Zri`e( kí lurmo|e m lé`mlm le 5:( `fmanu le hei ln `rep`i! aeo|n evznoeo`imh lm `iëo`im( }uereoln pidoigi`mr }ue n `rep`iaeo|n le íremp de! rmip n`nrre evznoeo`imhaeo|e( eo}umo|n n le pubíremp( mzðp uam gmpe ioi`imhaeo|e hioemr( |rmopgnram!pe( ehe |mabéa( ea ev! znoeo`imh/ Lep|m gnram( m hi|erm|urm `ieo|ági`m |eole m muaeo|mr m rmzile{ `na }ue lnbrm le wn! huae &n zriaeirn ep|uln le Pnhhm Zri`e( remhi{mln omp íremp le gápi`m e |enrim le le|eraiomo|ep e am|ri{ep( mzno|mwm ua áo! li`e pi|umln eo|e =: e =5 monp `nan n oe! `eppírin zmrm }ue m hi|erm|urm oeppmp íremp |iweppe peu wnhuae luzhi`mln)( peo! ln eppe mzeomp ua lnp gm|nrep lm}uihn }ue ehe( znp|erinraeo|e( leonaionu le "rewnhuäàn `ieo|ági`m"=/ Eppep ep|ulnp( peduoln Brmdm( `naeo|moln m nbrm ln ep|ulinpn onr|e!maeri`mon( lewerima guo! `inomr `nan ua "piomh le mher|m zmrm eo! greo|mranp n zrnbheam mo|ep }ue pekm |mr! le leamip"2/ Oàn pe pmbe pe mp mgiramäõep le Pnhhm Zri`e eo`no|rmrma bnm m`nhfilm eo|re np zrngippinomip repznopíweip zehm dumrlm e re`uzermäàn lm iognramäàn( nu pe gnrma ehmp nu n mher|m le Brmlgnrl pnbre m eaer! dëo`im le ua znppáweh "`mnp ln`uaeo|í! rin"0 }ue gi{erma np bibhin|e`írinp zmppm! rea m |er uam zren`uzmäàn aminr `na n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ N `er|n é }ue mp `nope}øëo`imp lnp geoüaeonp zep}uipmlnp zehnp lnip ep|ulinpnp( m `fmamlm evzhnpàn bibhindrígi`m( |rnuverma zren`uzmäõep ev|rmp m eppep zrngippin! omip( io|rnlu{ioln( ea pum |mregm le `nhe|m( eheaeo|np `nazhi`mlnrep mo|ep ioevip|eo! |ep/ Eo|re ep|ep( znle!pe lep|m`mr( znr eveazhn( n gm|n le }ue bnm zmr|e lm zrn! luäàn `nhn`mlm on aer`mln znr ep|m "ev!
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
zhnpàn" é `nop|i|uálm( om remhilmle( le am|erimh le znu`m iaznr|âo`im( reze|ioln mzeomp n }ue nu|rnp fmwima li|n nu lip`u! |iln mo|erinraeo|e m ehep( pea omlm m`rep! `eo|mr le onwn/ Ip|n wein m muaeo|mr pnbreamoeirm m oe! `eppilmle le uam peheäàn le m`erwn `mlm we{ amip `ri|erinpm( n `no|rnhe ln `rep`i! aeo|n nu lepeownhwiaeo|n lmp `nheäõep( m gia le }ue ep|mp oàn gi`mppea mbmrrn|m! lmp le am|erimip `na iognramäõep reluo! lmo|ep/ E ep|m zren`uzmäàn purdiu( gni e `no|ioum m per zrelnaiomo|e om írem lmp bibhin|e`mp m`mlëai`mp e uoiwerpi|írimp ‐ uam lmp rm{õep zehmp }umip m lip`uppàn pnbre n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep |ea piln gei|m( om hi|erm|urm epze`imhi{mlm( eogn! `moln( zrio`izmhaeo|e( ep|e |izn le iop|i|ui! äàn bibhindrígi`m/ bibhindrígi`m/ M }uep|àn oàn erm ‐ e `no|ioum m oàn per ‐ piazhepaeo| piazhepaeo|ee giomo`eirm( giomo`eirm( nridiomlm nridiomlm zehm eweo|umh gmh|m lmp werbmp oe`eppírimp zmrm dmrmo|ir m m}uipiäàn lnp am|erimip `nopile! rmlnp le io|ereppe/ Erm( amip }ue ippn( uam }uep|àn le |n|mh iaznppibihilmle le m`nazmofmr( le amoeirm aioiamaeo|e ege|iwm( n ri|an lm "evzhnpàn bibhindrígi`m"/ Eo|re =95: e =975( m zrnluäàn auolimh le hiwrnp zrnlu{ilnp on auoln io|eirn( `nopi! lermoln!pe n oûaern le |á|uhnp( `fednu m luzhi`mr <( ip|n zmrm oàn eo|rmr ea `nopile! rmäõep m repzei|n ln muaeo|n lm zrnluäàn le nu|rnp gnram|np e weá`uhnp le `nauoi! `mäàn( `nan é n `mpn lnp zeriðli`np |mo|n dermip `nan epze`imhi{mlnp( lnp lip`np( gihaep( limznpi|iwnp e|`/
`inomip `naeämrma m |nromr!pe `mlm we{ amip ligá`eip le perea nb|ilmp( e m oe`ep! pilmle le zhmoigi`mäàn lnp m`erwnp zmp! pnu m per uam nzioiàn ‐ nu uam `er|e{m ‐ m `mlm lim amip e amip `nazmr|ihfmlm ze! hnp bibhin|e`írinp/ Ihup|rm bea ep|e gm|n m peduio|e mgiramäàn( evzreppm znr Kmaep @/ Bmudfamo; "Np bibhin|e`írinp ep|àn `naeämoln mdnrm m zer`eber }ue ehep oàn znlea `no|ioumr m |rmbmhfmr pnb m zreppuznpiäàn le }ue oàn evip|e hiai|e zmrm m }umo|ilmle le am! |erimh }ue znle per ml}uiriln( nrdmoi{mln e mram{eomln/ M |mvm le zrnluäàn le ln! `uaeo|np é leampimlmaeo|e drmole e zreppõep gip`mip leampimlmaeo|e mdulmp zmrm zerai|ir mnp bibhin|e`írinp amo|er peu anlup nzermoli/ É |eazn |mabéa }ue np bibhin|e`írinp zer`ebea }ue é znppáweh ml! }uirir `nheäõep bípi`mp le }umhilmle pea mh`moämr gidurmp mp|rnoüai`mp"7/ Oàn pe eo|eolm( on eo|mo|n( }ue eppm zren`uzmäàn pe |eofm ioi`imln lurmo|e m lé`mlm le 7: nu ioá`inp lm le 4:( }umoln pe znle ileo|igi`mr oi|ilmaeo|e ua anwi! aeo|n ea lireäàn mn lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ N gm|n é }ue( znr ep|m ézn`m( on auoln io|eirn ‐ n Brmpih leanrnu ua znu! `n zmrm mlerir ‐ bnm zmr|e lnp bibhin|e`í! rinp zmppnu m lmr aminr m|eoäàn êp `nhe! äõep pnb pum repznopmbihilmle( bup`moln lepeownhwë!hmp( pehe`inoí!hmp( evzurdm! hmp/ Eogia( zrn`urmoln |rmopgnraí!hmp ea mhduam `nipm amip `nereo|e/
E fnuwe( eo|àn( `nan }ue ua bnna ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; mr|idnp pn! M m}uipiäàn evmup|iwm le nbrmp( `na m bre n mppuo|n nu pnbre pump m|iwilmlep `nope}øeo|e dmrmo|im le m`nanlmäàn lmp `naznoeo|ep `naeämrma m mzmre`er( `na aepamp( zmppmwm m per( leple eo|àn( |m! gre}uëo`im `mlm we{ aminr( onp zeriðli`np regm `mlm we{ amip ligá`ih le per `uazrilm/ le Bibhin|e`nonaim3 amoumip epze`imhi{m! Bmp|m heabrmr( m |á|uhn le ihup|rmäàn( }ue n lnp gnrma ep`ri|np( bup`moln `nop`ieo|i! aminr `rep`iaeo|n le bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi! {mr np zrngippinomip pnbre m iaznr|âo`im ln |írimp onp Ep|mlnp Uoilnp n`nrreu on ze! |eam3 |epep e zep}uipmp gnrma remhi{mlmp ránln }ue wmi le =974 m =94<( on }umh gn! ea uoiwerpilmlep ln auoln io|eirn3 zerið! rma `nop|ruálnp zrélinp e.nu onwmp pmhmp li`np epze`imhi{mlnp ev`hupiwmaeo|e oep! zmrm m`nanlmr `er`m le =70 aihfõep le pm írem gnrma `rimlnp/ wnhuaep/ Eo}umo|n ippn( mp `nheäõep lmp bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp lm}uehe zmáp( le! @nan amip ua eveazhn lep|m zren`uzm! wiln mn drmole wnhuae le werbmp eo|àn äàn lnp bibhin|e`írinp( wekm!pe( miolm( lipznoáweip( evzmolirma!pe( on aepan ze! m anligi`mäàn le |á|uhn e eogn}ue le ránln( znr wnh|m le =77 aihfõep le wnhu! uam lmp peäõep moumip le rewipàn lm hi! aep/ Nu pekm; ua ev`eleo|e le mzrnviam! |erm|urm ln |rmli`inomh zeriðli`n Hibrmry lmaeo|e |rëp aihfõep le wnhuaep zmrm np Repnur`ep ' \e`foi`mh Perwi`ep( }ue( ea }umip oàn gni znppáweh zrnwileo`imr epzmän `er|n anaeo|n( leivm le leonaiomr!pe ea |eranp le mram{eomaeo|n 5/ E |mh Repnur`ep 4 zmrm zmppmr m `fmamr!pe m`no|e`eu( lidm!pe le zmppmdea( ea uam @nhhe`|ino Lewehnzaeo| mol Zreperwm|ino 6 3 lmp ézn`mp amip gmwnríweip kí wiweo`imlmp znu`n |eazn leznip( n |á|uhn lm peäàn pn! zehm bibhin|e`nonaim onr|e!maeri`mom( grerim "onwm aulmoäm( mppuaioln m leon! }umoln mp werbmp zmrm bibhin|e`mp uoiwer! aiomäàn @nhhe`|ino Lewehnzaeo| 9 / Ep|mwm pi|írimp e epze`imhi{mlmp erma nb|ilmp `na zm|eo|emlm( znr|mo|n( m evip|ëo`im le uam rehm|iwm gm`ihilmle/ lnu|riom( miolm }ue io`izieo|e( pnbre n le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ Leznip lippn( mp werbmp( |mo|n zmrm m `nop|ruäàn le onwnp eligá`inp( `nan zmrm Mn `nopilermr ep|e rehm|iwmaeo|e pûbi|n m zrðzrim m}uipiäàn le" re`urpnp iognram! io`reaeo|n le io|ereppe zehn lepeownh!
wiaeo|n le `nheäõep( mhduéa znlerim iam! diomr m|é }ue( `na mhduop monp le m|rm! pn( np bibhin|e`írinp fmwima!omp lep`n! ber|n( giomhaeo|e &ep|e eo|upimpan |ea pi! ln |àn drmole( }ue ua bibhin|e`írin amip mgni|n `fednu m mgiramr }ue "m Bibhin|e`n! onaim é m mr|e le lepeownhwer uam `nhe! äàn le hiwrnp( oàn m m|iwilmle le ioleví! hm"=:( n }ue( aui|n zrnwmwehaeo|e( é ua evmdern///)/ M `no`hupàn }ue ê zriaeirm wip|m pe iazõe( `nopilermoln!pe m evip|ëo`im( m zmr|ir le ua le|eraiomln anaeo|n( le uam zren! `uzmäàn amip m`irrmlm `na mp `nheäõep( é m le }ue( mo|erinraeo|e m eppm zren`u! zmäàn( |erim evip|iln ua zrnwíweh mhfem! aeo|n lnp zrngippinomip ea rehmäàn êp aepamp( zerai|ioln }ue ep|mp pe lepeo! wnhweppea om|urmhaeo|e( nbele`eoln ê |enrim ln hmippe{!gmire/ Ep|m perim `no|uln uam `no`hupàn e}uiwn`mlm/ Om remhilmle( np zrngippinomip lm Bibhin|e! `nonaim oàn ep|iwerma mbpnhu|maeo|e mzí|i`np on }ue li{ repzei|n mn lepeownh! wiaeo|n le pump `nheäõep( lurmo|e m}ue! hep monp |nlnp }ue zre`elerma n bnna/ Mp wírimp m|iwilmlep ln zrn`eppn le le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep peazre gnrma an|iwn le io|ereppe lnp bibhin|e`írinp/ Zm! re`e `er|n }ue( mo|erinraeo|e ê evzhnpàn bibhindrígi`m( m zren`uzmäàn zmre`im per aui|n amip zno|umh( lire`inomlm( mzepmr le( mo|ep lm lé`mlm le 4:( mhduop bibhin|e! `írinp( zrio`izmhaeo|e om írem le bibhin|e! `mp uoiwerpi|írimp( kí mher|mrea peup `nhe! dmp }umo|n ê oe`eppilmle le ehmbnrmäàn le znhá|i`mp zmrm m `nheäàn nu zmrm m m}ui! piäàn le am|erimip==/ Pnb `er|np mpze`|np( é uam |eaerilmle mgiramr!pe }ue m zren`uzmäàn `na uam peheäàn amip `uilmlnpm lnp am|erimip m perea io`nrznrmlnp mn m`erwn purdiu om lé`mlm le 7: nu 4:/ Ep|m zren`uzmäàn zm! re`e peazre |er evip|iln( amp hn`mhi{mwm! pe aui|n amip on m`rép`ian le onwnp |á|u! hnp ê `nheäàn( on peo|iln lm "`nop|ruäàn" ‐ n |eran u|ihi{mln erm evm|maeo|e eppe ‐ lm aepam( pea lephn`mr n `eo|rn le m|eoäàn ln i|ea ea pi zmrm m `nheäàn ê }umh ehe ep|mwm peoln io`nrznrmln =2/ Lm aepam gnram( peazre evip|iu n `uilm! ln ea n|iai{mr np zrn`eppnp le m}uipiäàn( bup`moln mbrewimr n |eazn oe`eppírin zm! rm m nb|eoäàn e `nhn`mäàn ln am|erimh mn mh`mo`e ln upuírin oehe io|ereppmln/ Pn! bre eppe mppuo|n( epze`igi`maeo|e( irí amoigep|mr!pe Dmih Ceooely( mzno|moln }ue "m aminrim lmp zeppnmp `no`nrlmrim }ue m m}uipiäàn peazre ep|ewe ea m|iwi! lmle( eo}umo|n n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `n! heäõep é ua |eran rehm|iwmaeo|e onwn( pe oàn uam m|iwilmle mbpnhu|maeo|e onwm" =0/ @no|ioumoln( m mu|nrm lirí }ue n |rmbmhfn le bup`m( ileo|igi`mäàn e m}uipiäàn le
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
am|erimip le io|ereppe ê bibhin|e`m kí erm remhi{mln mo|ep le 4:( zrio`izmhaeo|e ea drmolep bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp( `na m aepam io|eopilmle e aiou`inpilmle }ue pe |nronu aui|n amip `naua leznip lep|m ézn`m( amp }ue n ege|iwn ever`á`in le mu! |nrilmle zriaírim pnbre n lepeownhwiaeo|n lmp `nheäõep zehnp bibhin|e`írinp pð `n! aeänu amip re`eo|eaeo|e/
mzeomp zmrm pi> Gi`nu bea `hmrn( m zmr|ir lep|m aulmoäm le m|i|ule( }ue oeofuam bibhin|e`m znlerim per mu|n!pugi`ieo|e( m|re! weoln!pe m zrn`urmr lmr!pe mn huvn le/ pu! zrir |nlmp mp oe`eppilmlep iognram`inomip le peup upuírinp `na re`urpnp zrðzrinp/ Ep|m zmppnu m per( om remhilmle( uam mpzi! rmäàn fuamomaeo|e iaznppáweh le per remhi{mlm/
Znr nu|rn hmln( `nop|m|m!pe( miolm( }ue n Pea lûwilm( ep|m gni uam aulmoäm bmp! lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep purde `nan |mo|e rmli`mh( n`nrrilm `na uam rmzile{ m|é uam ewnhuäàn lm peheäàn( kuo|maeo|e `na purzreeoleo|e( }umoln `nopilermlnp np |nlmp mp m|iwilmlep }ue hfe pàn `nrrehm|mp/ hnodnp monp ln lepeownhwiaeo|n lm Bi! Kí onp monp 7:( znle!pe on|mr uam zren! bhin|e`nonaim/ Ehm `fednu m zedmr aui|np `uzmäàn aminr `na np nrämaeo|np lipzn! zrngippinomip le purzrepm/ E |mhwe{ |nlm oáweip zmrm re`urpnp iognram`inomip( zrn! ep|m purzrepm e repip|ëo`imp `nhn`mlmp `urmoln u|ihi{mr!pe le gðrauhmp }ue zrnzi! znr mhduop bibhin|e`írinp ea rehmäàn mn `imppea uam mhn`mäàn amip io|ehideo|e lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep lewm!pe( ea lnp aepanp( mzhi`mlmp zrio`izmhaeo|e ea remhilmle( mn gm|n le }ue eppm gni uam au! bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp/ lmoäm }ue iazhi`nu ‐ e `no|ioum m iazhi`mr ‐ uam |rmopgnramäàn |rmopgnramäàn le aeo|mhilmle( nu Ionwmäàn gni( |mhwe{( n re`nofe`iaeo|n le pekm( n mbmolnon le zrí|i`mp e.nu wipõep }ue n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep lewe le auoln |rmli`inomhaeo|e mppiaihmlmp( per uam liwipàn guo`inomh lm bibhin|e`m( lm amp rmrmp mp we{ep }uep|inomlmp/ \rm|m! aepam gnram `nan n pàn m `m|mhndmäàn( m pe ln mbmolnon le uam znp|urm |rmli`in! regerëo`im( m m}uipiäàn e np lezmr|maeo|np omh( eogia( }ue oàn `nopeduim wer( on le! le `ir`uhmäàn( ea uam `hmrm amoigep|mäàn peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( omlm amip }ue le }ue mp `nazhevilmlep leppm m|iwilmle m zurm nu piazhep m}uipiäàn le am|erimip fmwima mazhimln bmp|mo|e/ Le }umh}uer iognram`inomip/ É }ue( |mabéa( anp|rnu! gnram( zmre`e bmp|mo|e `hmrn zmrm Dmih pe( aui|mp we{ep( znu`n zeraeíweh m Ceooely }ue( "pnb uam wmrielmle le oá! onwmp m|ribuiäõep( zrio`izmhaeo|e m}ue! weip le re`nofe`iaeo|n( m aminrim lmp bi! hmp rehm`inomlmp `na n zhmoekmaeo|n ln bhin|e`mp zûbhi`mp e m`mlëai`mp lerma m`erwn/ m|eoäàn mn lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep lurmo|e np monp 4:"=0/ &É `hmrn }ue m mu|nrm Ep|e( `nan li{ Bruer( é ua "piomh lnp ep|í gmhmoln lm remhilmle onr|e!maeri`mom( |eaznp"( }ue evidiu uam lip|ioäàn `hmrm nu aehfnr( lnp zmápep amip lepeo! eo|re np zrn`eliaeo|np le m}uipiäàn( aui|mp we{ep zurmaeo|e nzerm`inomip( e n wnhwilnp///)/ lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( eo|eoliln( M drmole `no|ribuiäàn lm `nop`ieo|i{mäàn ep|e ûh|ian( le gnram m io`huir( |mabéa( m pnbre m evzhnpàn bibhindrígi`m zmre`e( |n! zep}uipm pnbre zrí|i`mp le lnmäàn e zer! lmwim( |er piln aui|n amip on peo|iln le au|m( remwmhimäàn lmp m}uipiäõep ege|um! nbridmr np bibhin|e`írinp m uam aulmoäm lmp e m moíhipe lmp zrí|i`mp le peheäàn e rmli`mh le m|i|ule ea rehmäàn mn mram{e! m}uipiäàn `nnzerm|iwm( pea( `no|uln( hiai! omaeo|n e `nhe|m le am|erimip iognram`in! |mr!pe mzeomp m ehmp/ Nu pekm; `mlm ua omip/ Gi`nu amip `hmrn( m zmr|ir le eo|àn( leppep i|eop znlerim per leonaiomln `n! }ue( pe zre|eolima amo|er mp bibhin|e`mp( an "uam pubpeäàn ln zrnbheam aminr ln zehmp }umip erma repznopíweip( nrdmoip! lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea dermh" =5/ anp wiwnp e m|umo|ep( lewerima oe`eppm! rimaeo|e aulmr m ëogmpe le peu |rmbmhfn( ANLEHNP \EÐRI@NP mbmolnomoln m m`uauhmäàn zurm e pia! zhep ln am|erimh ea beoegá`in lm znppibihi! Feolric Elehamo puderiu m evip|ëo`im le lmle le m`eppn mn aepan( |nromoln m uam fiermr}uim eo|re np |eranp lepeownh! `nheäàn "`nopip|eo|e `na mp ae|mp e nb! wiaeo|n le `nheäõep( peheäàn e m}uipiäàn/ ke|iwnp ke|iwnp lm iop|i|uiäàn iop|i|uiäàn m }ue perwe" perwe"=
On peduoln oáweh( ep|mrim m peheäàn `nan guoäàn lire|m ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nhe! äõep( ip|n é( n zrn`eppn le |namlm le le! `ipõep rehm`inomlmp `na m iazheaeo|mäàn lnp nbke|iwnp mo|erinraeo|e ep|mbehe`ilnp/ Oep|e mpze`|n( np `ri|érinp e ae|nlnhndim zmrm ileo|igi`mäàn e peheäàn lnp am|erimip iognram`inomip lewerima per oe`eppmrim! aeo|e wip|np pezmrmlmaeo|e lm znhá|i`m zmrm lepeownhwiaeo|n lm `nheäàn/ On |er`eirn oáweh lep|m fiermr}uim( ep|mrim m m}uipiäàn( eo|eolilm( mdnrm( `nan m ia! zheaeo|mäàn lmp le`ipõep le peheäàn/ É n zrn`eppn }ue( om zrí|i`m( |nrom remhi! lmle zmhzíweh le`ipõep |namlmp om pehe! äàn/ N mu|nr( mzepmr le fiermr}ui{mr np i|eop `naznoeo|ep ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( re`nofe`e }ue np aepanp ep! |àn ea `nop|mo|e io|ermäàn e pnbreznpi! äàn äàn=7/ Knfo Ryhmol zmre`e `no`nrlmr `na Eleh! amo( }umoln heabrm mnp bibhin|e`írinp zrepeo|ep ea uam `nogerëo`im pnbre m}uipiäàn le hiwrnp e zeriðli`np remhi{mlm ea @fmrhep|no }ue( om remhilmle( "n le! peownhwiaeo|n e m mlaioip|rmäàn le `nhe! äõep é aui|n amip }ue m peheäàn" =4/ Zmrm ehe( n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep irí mbrmoder wmrimlmp |mregmp( `nan m le|er! aiomäàn lm znhá|i`m lm `nheäàn( m mhn`mäàn le re`urpnp( m mwmhimäàn le `nheäõep( pekm zmrm lep`mr|e( `nan zmrm mram{eomdea ea lezðpi|np/ Oep|m aepam hiofm le rm`in`áoin( `mai! ofma( |mabéa( Rnpe Amry Amdrihh e Ln! rmhyo K/ Fi`cey( }umoln mgirama }ue; "Le uam amoeirm dermh( n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep irí io`huir m mwmhimäàn lmp oe! `eppilmlep lnp upuírinp( m mwmhimäàn lm `nheäàn m|umh( m le|eraiomäàn lm znhá|i`m le peheäàn( m `nnrleomäàn lm peheäàn le i|eop( n "lepbmp|maeo|n" e mram{eomdea le zmr|ep lm `nheäàn e n zhmoekmaeo|n zm! rm `nazmr|ihfmaeo|n le re`urpnp/ Eo|re! |mo|n( le uam amoeirm miolm amip dermh( n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep oàn é mze! omp uam piazhep m|iwilmle nu ua druzn le m|iwilmlep; é ua zrn`eppn le zhmoekm! aeo|n e le |namlm le le`ipàn" =6/ Kí Kmaep @/ Bmudfamo eo|eole }ue n le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep zre`ipm per eogn`mln pnb ua zno|n le wip|m ep|ru|urm! hip|m( }uereoln( `na ip|n( pidoigi`mr "m zrn! `urm le ua zmlràn le rehm`inomaeo|n" 7 eo|re mp zmr|ep eownhwilmp oep|m m|iwilmle bibhin|e`írim/ @na ep|m mbnrlmdea( n le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep é eo|eoliln `nan `naznp|n znr wírinp `naznoeo|ep; m) upn; druzn le leamolmp3 leamolm p3 b) `nofe`iaeo|n; druzn le lip`izhiomp( mppuo|np( |ðzi`np e íremp le ep|uln3
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
`) bibhin|e`nonaim; druzn le rehmäõep eo! |re mp hi|erm|urmp lnp liwerpnp mppuo! |np/ Zmrm Bmudfamo( pàn evm|maeo|e mp rehm! äõep eo|re eppep |rëp `naznoeo|ep }ue iràn dermr n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( n }umh ep|í on `eo|rn aepan lep|e rehm! `inomaeo|n( `nognrae znle per wipumhi{m! ln zehm gidurm ilemhi{mlm znr eppe mu|nr &gi! durm =)/ N lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep irí `nop|i|uir!pe( eo|àn( on eo|re`ru{m! aeo|n le zhmoekmaeo|n( iazheaeo|mäàn e mwmhimäàn le `nheäõep( }ue peràn mppia legioilnp; m) zhmoekmaeo|n lm `nheäàn ‐ é ua zrnke|n zmrm m m`uauhmäàn le ln`uaeo|np mgiop( lm amoeirm le|eraiomlm zehmp oe`eppilmlep( zrnzðpi|np( nbke|iwnp e zrinrilmlep lm bibhin|e`m3 b) iazheaeo|mä àn lm `nheäàn ‐ |rm|m ln zrn`eppn le |nromr np ln`uaeo|np m`eppáweip zmrm upn3 `) mwmhi mäàn lm `nheäà n ‐ eownh we peu pe u evmae e kuhdmaeo|n ea rehmäàn mnp nbke|iwnp e zrnzðpi|np ep|izuhmlnp/
Lep|m gnram( Bmudfamo mgiram }ue n le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep é ua zhmon zmppáweh le iazheaeo|mäàn( znleoln per rezrepeo|mln lm peduio|e gnram; ZHMOEKMAEO\N # IAZHEAEO\MÄÀN # MWMHIMÄÀN 1 LEPEOWNHWIAEO\N LE @NHEÄÕEP
@no`huioln peu rm`in`áoin( n mu|nr mgiram }ue "n eohmämaeo|n lep|ep `no`ei|np ea uam znhá|i`m zmrm lepeownhwiaeo|n le `n! heäõep hewm m ua pip|eam }ue é `nazhe! aeo|mln( `á`hi`n e mu|n!mzergeiäníweh 7/ @na uam amoeirm hideirmaeo|e ligereo|e le zeopmr( D/ Eltmrl Ewmop irí eogn`mr n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep pnb ua zno|n le wip|m pip|ëai`n( legioioln!n `nan n "zrn`eppn le ileo|igi`mäàn lnp zno|np gnr|ep e grm`np le uam `nheäàn le am|e! rimip le bibhin|e`m ea |eranp le oe`eppi! lmlep lnp upuírinp e re`urpnp lm `nau! oilmle e |eo|moln `nrridir mp grm}ue{mp evip|eo|ep( }umoln `nop|m|mlmp"( n }ue wmi re}uerer "`nop|mo|ep evmae e mwmhimäàn lnp re`urpnp lm bibhin|e`m e `nop|mo|e ep|uln |mo|n lmp oe`eppilmlep ln upuí! rinp( `nan le aulmoämp om `nauoilmle m per perwilm=9/
Lep|m gnram( `nopilermln `nan ua zrn`eppn( n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep |erí oe`eppmrimaeo|e ua eogn}ue pip|ëai! `n( e pum ëogmpe irí wmrimr( zmrm `mlm ua le peup `naznoeo|ep( le m`nrln `na n |i! zn le bibhin|e`m ea }ue ep|iwer n`nrreoln/ Amp ep|e zrn`eppn znle per( le uam am! oeirm dermh( `nopilermln `naua zmrm |n! lmp mp bibhin|e`mp/ Mhéa lippn( ep|m `no! `ezäàn é aui|n iaznr|mo|e( znr `no`eo|rmr ea pi m onäàn le `no|iouilmle( m }umh( mbnrlmlm pnb m zerpze`|iwm pip|ëai`m( |rmopai|e m iléim le }ue mp m|iwilmlep hi! dmlmp ê `nheäàn oàn znlea per eo`mrm! lmp ipnhmlmaeo|e( amp |ëa le per wip|mp `nan `naznoeo|ep ‐ nu pubpip|eamp ‐ le ua |nln/
Gidurm = ! Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ Mbnrlmdea ep|ru|urmhip|m &Bmudfamo( =9497)
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
N anlehn ln zrn`eppn( ehmbnrmln znr Ewmop=9( é( mhiíp( bmp|mo|e ehu`ilmlnr m ep|e repzei|n( znip eogm|i{m n `mrí|er `á`hi! `n ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( pea }ue uam e|mzm `fedue m lip|ioduir!pe nu pnbreznr!pe êp leamip/ Ep|àn |nlmp ea zé le idumhlmle( dirmoln( |enri`maeo|e( ea |nron le ua ze}ueon `ár`uhn ea }ue ep|àn pi|umlnp np zrngippinomip repznopíweip zehn |rmbmhfn le lepeownhwiaeo|n lm `nhe! äàn/ Mn relnr leppep `naznoeo|ep( per! wioln `nan pubpálinp m |nlnp ehep ‐ ev! `eäàn ûoi`m m lm e|mzm le m}uipiäàn !( eo`no|rm!pe m `nauoilmle m per perwilm/ Lep|m gnram( n anlehn `nbre n zrn`eppn io|eirmaeo|e( oàn `mioln on errn le `no! guoli!hn `na uam nu nu|rm le pump zmr! |ep `naznoeo|ep ‐ errn bmp|mo|e `naua le m`no|e`er on lim m lim lmp bibhin|e`mp/ M gidurm é bmp|mo|e ep`hmre`elnrm( mhéa ln amip( znr leivmr `hmrn }ue ep|e é ua zrn! `eppn ioio|erruz|n( |eoln oe`eppmrimaeo|e le |rmopgnramr!pe ea m|iwilmle rn|ioeirm lmp bibhin|e`mp( dmrmo|im ûoi`m le pum ege! |iwilmle &gidurm 2)/ \mabéa @fmrhep B/ Npbnro irí pmhieo|mr evmup|iwmaeo|e eppm `mrm`|eráp|i`m pip|ë! ai`m ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( le! gioioln!n `nan "ua pip|eam le perwiän mn zûbhi`n( ege|umln aelimo|e ua zrn`eppn le |namlm le le`ipõep }ue hewm m uam le|eraiomäàn lm m}uipiäàn e re|eoäàn lnp am|erimip"2:/ Zmrm ehe( np `no`ei|np le "perwiän mn zûbhi`n"( "pip|eam" e $zrn`ep! pn le |namlm le le`ipõep" pàn `no`ei|np! `fmwe zmrm eo|eoliaeo|n dhnbmh lnp nbke|i! wnp e zrnzðpi|np ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ Znp|erinraeo|e m Ewmop e Npbnro( Bnoi|m Brymo| lebruänu!pe pnbre m }uep|àn ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( zrn`urmoln lip|ioduir mp liwerpmp ep|ru|urmp nrdmoi{m! `inomip }ue pàn u|ihi{mlmp zmrm lepeaze! ofn leppmp m|iwilmlep2=/ Mzno|m }ue é znppáweh ileo|igi`mr m evip|ëo`im le |rëp znp|urmp oep|e mpze`|n; m) znp|urm le m}uipiäàn ‐ `mrm`|eri{mlm zehm `nogimoäm om peheäàn le onwnp am|erimip( remhi{mlm ev|eromaeo|e ê bi! bhin|e`m( é( zrm|i`maeo|e( uam znp|urm ea }ue np bibhin|e`írinp ever`ea znu! }uáppian `no|rnhe pnbre m `nheäàn( zehn aeonp on peo|iln le lire`inoí!hm zmrm ua le|eraiomln nbke|iwn/ Evip|e mze omp( `nan iolá`in lm evip|ëo`im ln aepan( on aívian ua zergih zmrm mzrnwmäàn ln am|erimh( ep|mbehe`iln ea bmpep bmp|mo|e mazhmp/ b) znp|urm le peheäàn ‐ zrn`urm `no`eo! |rmr onp bibhin|e`írinp m repznopmbihilm! le zehn lepeownhwiaeo|n lm `nheäàn( mzepmr le peheäõep remhi{mlmp remhi{mlmp ev|er! omaeo|e ê bibhin|e`m znlerea per m`ei|mp( nu( aepan( eweo|umhaeo|e pn!
Gidurm 2 ! N zrn`eppn le lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep &Ewmop( =949=9) hi`i|mlmp/ Evip|e ua |izn le hidmäàn eo|re upuírinp e bibhin|e`írinp repzno! píweip zehm peheäàn/ Ip|n( dermhaeo|e( gm`ihi|m n ep|mbehe`iaeo|n le uam znhá|i! `m zmrm n lepeownhwiaeo|n lm `nheäàn( eabnrm pe znppm mgiramr }ue mp m|i! wilmlep rn|ioeirmp le peheäàn |eolea m leivmr mnp bibhin|e`írinp znu`n |ea! zn lipznoáweh zmrm zmr|i`izmäàn ln lepbmp|maeo|n pip|eaí|i`n nu nu|rnp zrnke|np/ `) `np|urm le mlaioip|rmäàn e lepeownh! wiaeo|n le `nheäõep ‐ `mrm`|eri{m!pe zehm lip|ribuiäàn lmp |mregmp e repzno! pmbihilmlep eownhwilmp oep|e nbke|iwn eo|re np bibhin|e`írinp `na gnramäàn m`mlëai`m ea íremp le mppuo|n epze! `ági`mp/ Evip|e( oep|m ûh|iam znp|urm( uam mr|i`uhmäàn }umpe }ue `nazhe|m( znr ua hmln( eo|re m znhá|i`m e n lep! bmp|maeo|n pip|eaí|i`n e( znr nu|rn ( m moíhipe ln nrämaeo|n( mhn`mäàn e `no! |rnhe le re`urpnp giomo`eirnp e iognram! `inomip/ Amip nu aeonp om aepam ézn`m ea }ue Bnoi|m Brymo| |rm|nu lm }uep|àn ln lepeo! wnhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( Kmaep M/ @ndp!tehh ge{ ua ríziln hewmo|maeo|n lm hi|erm|urm pnbre n mppuo|n e lep|m`nu }ue ep|m leonaiomäàn zmre`e |er!pe |namln iopugi! `ieo|e zmrm m dmam le m|iwilmlep m|umh! aeo|e eownhwilmp `na m mlaioip|rmäàn e lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep/ Peduoln
ep|e mu|nr( mzepmr le m "aminr zmr|e lm hi|e! rm|urm re`eo|e miolm u|ihi{mr n |eran le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep le bibhin|e! `mp"22( wírinp mu|nrep( `nan pàn np `mpnp le Hyleo4 e Anpfer20( mzno|ma n mzmre! `iaeo|n le uam onwm onaeo`hm|urm }ue wipm m mbmr`mi amip mle}umlmaeo|e mp m|iwilmlep io`nrznrmlmp m ep|m írem ln |rmbmhfn bibhin|e`írin/ Zmrm regnrämr pum mrduaeo|mäàn( @ndptehh22 `i|m |ev|umhaeo|e mr|idn le Anpfer ea }ue ep|e ûh|ian legioe n le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep `nan "m pehe! äàn ege|iwm e nznr|uom lnp am|erimip le bi! bhin|e`m( gnramoln íremp le mppuo|n nu `nheäõep `uilmlnpmaeo|e `nop|ruálmp( on |rmop`nrrer ln |eazn( znr bibhiðdrmgnp ep! ze`imhi{mlnp"/ Ea `no|rmznpiäàn m ep|m lep`riäàn( Anpfer( miolm `i|mln znr @ndptehh( epze`igi`m mp m|iwilmlep eownh! wilmp( peduoln ehe( om mlaioip|rmäàn le `nheäõep( m }umh znle per legioilm `nan m "mlaioip|rmäàn pip|eaí|i`m( egi`ieo|e e e`noüai`m lnp re`urpnp lm bibhin|e`m"( eogm|i{moln( znr ua hmln( m "om|ure{m zrn! drmaí|i`m" e( znr nu|rn( np zmzéip( mdnrm mazhimlnp( lnp mlaioip|rmlnrep lmp `nhe! äõep20/ Zmrm @ndptehh( eo|re|mo|n( iole! zeoleo|eae|e le }umh pekm m |eraionhndim u|ihi{mlm( n iaznr|mo|e é }ue m mlaioip|rm! äàn le anleromp `nheäõep le zep}uipm oàn pekm eo`mrmlm `nan "uam périe le |m! regmp ipnhmlmp nu ep|rei|maeo|e legioilmp( reperwmlmp zmrm uop znu`np bibhiðdrmgnp epze`imhi{mlnp" 22/
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
@no|ioumoln( @ndptehh22 mzrepeo|m pum legioiäàn le mlaioip|rmäàn le `nheäõep `nan peoln "m mlaioip|rmäàn pip|eaí|i`m ln zhmoekmaeo|n( `naznpiäàn( nrämaeo|m! äàn( mwmhimäàn e upn lmp `nheäõep le bi! bhin|e`mp lurmo|e drmolep zeránlnp le |eazn( m gia le m|iodir nbke|iwnp iop|i|u`in! omip epze`ági`np" e `nazreeoleoln( zehn aeonp( mp ni|n peduio|ep guoäõep;
4) `nazmr|ihfmaeo|n le re`urpnp ‐ oàn znle amip per wip|n `nan m|iwilmle ev! |rm ê }umh oea peazre `nrrepznolea beoegá`inp pugi`ieo|eaeo|e `nazeopm! lnrep/ \nronu!pe( om remhilmle( uam `noliäàn eppeo`imh zmrm wimbihilmle le |nlm e }umh}uer bibhin|e`m( zrio`izmh! aeo|e lewiln mnp mwmoänp on `mazn lm |ehe`nauoi`mäàn/
=) zhmoekmaeo|n e ehmbnrmäàn le znhá|i`mp ‐ zrn`eppn le ileo|igi`mäàn ileo|igi`mäàn e iazhe! aeo|mäàn le zhmonp le mäàn ea rehm! äàn ê `nheäàn( io`huioln( `nan zmr|e io|edrmh e `eo|rmh( n ep|mbehe`iaeo|n le uam le`hmrmäàn gnramh le znhá|i`m zmrm n lepeownhwiaeo|n lm aepam( }ue oàn znle( mbpnhu|maeo|e( per wip|m `nan ua ln`uaeo|n io|eron( uoi`maeo|e zm! rm upn lm bibhin|e`m( amp( ip|n pia( per u|ihi{mlm `nan ua iop|ruaeo|n zn|eo`imh le `nauoi`mäàn `na m `nauoilmle perwilm/
6) mwmhimäàn ln zrndrmam ‐ np zhmonp( zn! há|i`mp( zrn`eliaeo|np e zeppnmh eownh! wiln on lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep zre`ipma per zerinli`maeo|e mwmhimlnp `na m giomhilmle le werigi`mr pum mle! }umäàn ê `nauoilmle e mnp nbke|iwnp lm iop|i|uiäàn/ Lmlnp regereo|ep ê u|ihi! {mäàn( nu oàn!u|ihi{mäàn( eazrép|ian io|erbibhin|e`írin e ep|ulnp le upuírin zre`ipma per `nopilermlnp om mlai! oip|rmäàn e lepeownhwiaeo|n lm `nhe! äàn äàn22/
2) moíhipe le `nheäõep ‐ mwmhimäàn lnp zno|np gnr|ep e grm`np lm `nheäàn u|ihi! {moln!pe le aelilmp nbke|iwmp/ 0) peheäàn le am|erimip ‐ uam guoäàn ia! znr|mo|áppiam lewiln ê om|ure{m evzmo! piwm lm aminrim lmp `nheäõep le zep! }uipm( }ue |eole m anligi`mr!pe `na m mzhi`mäàn `mlm we{ aminr le zrndrm! amp le m}uipiäàn no mzzrnwmh( ea }ue mp bibhin|e`mp |rmopai|ea m drmolep gnroe`elnrep le am|erimip le iognr! amäàn( aelimo|e ua zergih le io|ereppe lm bibhin|e`m( m le`ipàn pnbre m pe! heäàn lnp am|erimip( mbrewimoln n zrn! `eppn le m}uipiäàn lnp aepanp/ <) amou|eoäàn lm `nheäàn ‐ |mabéa |mabéa le onaiomlm re!peheäàn( mbrmode np |rm bmhfnp le le`ipàn pnbre }umip am|e rimip om `nheäàn lewea per zreperwm lnp( lep`mr|mlnp nu mram{eomlnp zmrm aehfnr perwir êp oe`eppilmlep `inp upuírinp zrepeo|ep e gu|urnp/ 5) mlaioip|rmäàn gip`mh ‐ wmi io`huir |nlm |nlm m m|iwilmle le `no|rnhe le nrämaeo|n e mhn`mäàn le re`urpnp zmrm m}uipiäàn le am|erimip/ 7) `no|m|n `na upuírin ‐ ê aelilm }ue }ue pe |nroma `mlm we{ amip `nazhevmp mp oe`eppilmlep e evidëo`imp lnp upuí rinp( gm{!pe oe`eppírim uoim hidmäàn aminr `na ehe znr zmr|e lnp bibhin|e`í rinp repznopíweip zehn lepeownhwi aeo|n lmp `nheäõep( m gia le |er `n ofe`iaeo|n lmp aepamp e m|eolë!hmp le amoeirm pm|ipgm|ðrim/ Ep|e |rmbmhfn |erí le hewmr ea `nopilermäàn( oe`ep pmrimaeo|e( m zrnwipàn le iop|ruäàn bi bhindrígi`m( m bup`m no!hioe e n zrðzrin perwiän le regerëo`im ea bmpe reduhmr/
=6
N |rmbmhfn le @ndptehh( eo|re|mo|n( gni rem! hi{mln |eoln ea wip|m m nrdmoi{mäàn lmp m|iwilmlep hidmlmp mn lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp m`mlëai`mp nu le zep}uipm/ \nlm m m|iwilmle le `nhe|m le lmlnp lepeownhwilm znr eppe mu|nr |ewe `nan nbke|iwn nb|er anlehnp nrdmoi{m`in! omip mzhi`íweip oeppe |izn le iop|i|uiäõep( leivmoln le }uep|inomr pum mle}umäàn m nu|rmp |iznhndimp le bibhin|e`mp( `nan( znr eveazhn( mp zûbhi`mp nu ep`nhmrep/ M mle! }umäàn ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep êp `mrm`|eráp|i`mp lm nrdmoi{mäàn bibhin|e! `írim ea }ue pe remhi{m zmre`e per uam |eolëo`im }umpe lnaiomo|e/
\IZNP LE BIBHIN\E@MP E LEPEOWNHWIAEO\N LE @NHEÄÕEP N lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep oàn |ea piln lip`u|iln le amoeirm peaehfmo|e on }ue `no`eroe mnp wírinp |iznp le iop|i|ui! äõep bibhin|e`írimp/ Zehn }ue pe lezreeole lm hi|erm|urm ea Bibhin|e`nonaim e Ln`u! aeo|mäàn( m zren`uzmäàn `na eppe mp! puo|n ea bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp e.nu epze`imhi{mlmp( zehn aeonp on }ue li{ repzei|n mn mzmre`iaeo|n le mr|idnp |rm! |moln amip le|mhfmlmaeo|e leppmp iop|i! |uiäõep( |ea piln aui|n aminr ln }ue m}uehm m repzei|n le bibhin|e`mp zûbhi`mp nu ep`nhmrep/ \mhwe{ ip|n pe lewm( zrio`i! zmhaeo|e( mn gm|n le }ue drmole zmr|e leppm hi|erm|urm |ea pum nridea onp Ep|m! lnp Ûoi`np( nole pe znle on|mr( leple ioá`inp lm lé`mlm le 7:( n re`rulep`i! aeo|n le zrnbheamp lewilnp mn `rep`i! aeo|n lmp bibhin|e`mp( zrio`izmhaeo|e mp uoiwerpilmlep le drmole znr|e 5/ Lep|m gnram( é m|é `nazreeopáweh m zre! znolerâo`im le ep|ulnp pnbre n lepeownh! wiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp uoi!
werpi|írimp( `nan é n `mpe ln ep|uln pn! bre n ep|mln!lm!mr|e le Amdrihh ' Emp| ==( znip ep|mwm má ‐ e( zrnwmwehaeo|e( miolm `no|ioum m ep|mr ‐ m aminr zren`uzmäàn lnp bibhin|e`írinp onr|e!maeri`monp/ N gm|n mzno|mln mo|erinraeo|e znle per `nop|m|mln |mo|n on ep|uln ln lepeownh! wiaeo|n le `nheäõep `nan ua |nln( eo! dhnbmoln n |n|mh le pump m|iwilmlep( `nan on `mpn epze`ági`n le `mlm uam lehmp/ Lep|m gnram( znr eveazhn( wë!pe }ue m }uep|àn ln eazrép|ian io|erbibhin|e`írin( `nan urom zrnwíweh mh|erom|iwm ê `nazrm le am|erimip( mzeomp re`eo|eaeo|e gni lip! `u|ilm( om hi|erm|urm( ea pum rehmäàn `na mp bibhin|e`mp zûbhi`mp 2
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
äàn ea }ue wmrima np druznp( nrdmoi! {mlnp nu oàn( zrepeo|ep om aepam/ N |rmbmhfn le moíhipe lm `nauoilmle zm! re`e per( mppia( m}uehe }ue aminr ëo! gmpe lewe re`eber znr zmr|e lnp bibhin! |e`írinp/ @nan `nope}øëo`im leppe m`nazmofmaeo|n lm `nauoilmle( evm|maeo|e ea wir|ule lmp ghu|umäõep le|e`|mlmp( fmwerí ua `uilmln epze! `imh `na m peheäàn le am|erimip( lewi! lmaeo|e mhi`erämlm ea uam znhá|i`m le peheäàn &}ue( znr pum we{( perí bmpem! lm on zergih lm `nauoilmle m per m|eo! lilm)/ Bnm ëogmpe omp m|iwilmlep le mwmhimäàn e lepbmp|maeo|n ln m`erwn zmre`e per( |mabéa( nu|rm `mrm`|eráp|i! `m ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp zûbhi`mp( zrio`izmhaeo|e }umoln pe zrn`urm m|eoler ê leamolm iaelim|m lnp upuírinp/ Oep|e mpze`|n( pmhieo|m!pe }ue np bibhin|e`írinp rep! znopíweip zehn lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp zûbhi`mp le! wea "zriamrimaeo|e lepekmr perwir n zûbhi`n( amp miolm mppia amo|er uam zerpze`|iwm zrí|i`m( ua io|ereppe ea }uep|õep `nrreo|ep( uam pmulíweh lep`nogimoäm ln p|m|up }un( uam liwer! pàn ea mppuair rip`np e uam io`ráweh aeaðrim zmrm hiwrnp( amp uam gmh|m le rewerëo`im znr ehep"24/
`) Bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp ! Lewea m|eoler mnp nbke|iwnp lm uoiwerpilmle( m pmber( n eopion( m zep}uipm e m ev |eopàn le perwiänp ê `nauoilmle/ Ip|n wmi evidir( }umpe }ue oe`eppmrimaeo|e( uam `nheäàn `na gnr|e |eolëo`im mn `rep`iaeo|n( znip m|iwilmlep le zep! }uipm evidea uam wmrimlm dmam le am|erimip le iognramäàn }ue znppibihi! |ea mn zep}uipmlnr |er m`eppn m |n`np np zno|np le wip|m iaznr|mo|ep nu oe! `eppírinp zmrm pum zep}uipm/ Mzepmr ln mzmre`iaeo|n le ua bna oûaern le zep}uipmp }ue mlwndma uam m|iwilmle le peheäàn le am|erimip iognram`inomip( ea bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp( }ue hewe zrinri|mrimaeo|e ea `no|m m rehmäàn `up|n!beoegá`in nu `up|n!ege|iwilmle ln am|erimh m per ml}uiriln 29( 0:( aelilnp znr ep|ulnp le upn lm iognramäàn( ep|m oàn zmre`e per m zrio`izmh zren`uzmäàn ln lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp/ uoiwerpi|írimp/ Ippn é le`nr! reo|e le }ue m aepam oe`eppi|m |er ua wnhuae le am|erimip pugi`ieo|eaeo|e pidoigi`m|iwn ea |eranp le }umo|ilmle e }umhilmle zmrm lmr puznr|e êp m|iwilm! lep le zep}uipm remhi{mlmp |mo|n ea oáweh le drmlumäàn `nan le zðp( mppia `nan êp m|iwilmlep onramip le zrep|m! äàn le perwiänp nu ev|eopàn ê `nauoi! lmle/ Lm aepam gnram( m `hieo|ehm é b) Bibhin|e`mp ep`nhmrep ‐ Evip|ea ‐ nu rehm|iwmaeo|e fnandëoem( oàn evidioln zehn aeonp lewerima evip|ir ‐ zmrm lmr mwmhimäõep le drmole ano|m/ M ëogmpe puznr|e êp m|iwilmlep zelmdðdi`mp lmp aminr( on `mpn( zmre`e ep|mr aui|n uoilmlep ep`nhmrep omp }umip pe hn`mhi! amip on lepbmp|maeo |n e mwmhimäàn {ea/ Amip }ue ip|n; lewea ep|mr io|e! `nop|mo|ep lmp `nheäõep `nheäõ ep ! aelilmp drmlmp mn zrn`eppn elu`m`inomh/ Mp oe`eppírimp zmrm n|iai{mäàn ln m`er! `nheäõep lmp bibhin|e`mp ep`nhmrep le! wn/ Kí mp bibhin|e`mp lmp `fmamlmp wea peduir( om remhilmle( np lire`inom! "iop|i|uiäõep ipnhmlmp le eopion puze! aeo|np ln pip|eam elu`m`iomh wideo|e( rinr"( on eo|mo|n( `no|rmrimaeo|e êp le zmu|moln!pe zehnp `urrá`uhnp e bibhin! bibhin|e`mp hidmlmp m uoiwerpilmlep( drmgimp bípi`mp lnp `urpnp/ M ëogmpe evm|maeo|e znr oàn |erea le zrep|mr ln zrn`eppn le lepeownhwiaeo|n le puznr|e ê zep}uipm( onr|eima n lepeo! `nheäõep ep|mrí( znr|mo|n( aui|n amip wnhwiaeo|n le pump `nheäõep zehmp evi! om peheäàn le am|erimip zmrm giop lilí! dëo`imp lnp zrndrmamp nu `urrá`uhnp |i`n!zelmdðdi`np ! onramhaeo|e mhi`er! lnp `urpnp znr ehmp ngere`ilnp/ Hewma ämlm znr uam znhá|i`m le peheäàn }ue ea `nopilermäàn( mhéa lippn( oàn pð m |erí znr bmpe n `urrá`uhn nu zrndrmam om|ure{m lep|e `urrá`uhn( `nan |mabéa ep`nhmr/ Rehewea!pe( m repzei|n lippn( m `naznpiäàn ln `nrzn ln`eo|e( m mp drmolep ionwmäõep }ue wëa m`no! }umo|ilmle le re`urpnp giomo`eirnp lip! |e`eoln ea |eranp le re`urpnp le io! znoáweip e m hn`mhi{mäàn dendrígi`m 0=/ gnramäàn `nhn`mlnp m perwiän lmp iop! Oep|e mpze`|n( ehmp mzrnviama!pe |i|uiäõep elu`m`inomip( zrio`izmhaeo|e aui|n lmp bibhin|e`mp ep`nhmrep/ ea zmápep ln Zriaeirn Auoln e ea mh! duamp rediõep le zmápep `nan n Brm! l) Bibhin|e`mp epze`imhi{mlmp nu le ea pih( ea }ue mp bibhin|e`mp ep`nhmrep zrepmp ‐ Evip|ea zmrm m|eoler êp oe! |rmopgnramrma!pe ea werlmleirmp `eo! `eppilmlep lmp nrdmoi{mäõep m }ue |rmip le auh|iaeinp `uknp nbke|iwnp zn! ep|àn pubnrliomlmp e znr ippn ‐ amip lea per evzreppnp `nan "lmr puznr|e ln }ue }umh}uer uam lmp nu|rmp mo|e! e zrnanwer n zrnzðpi|n gnrauhmln zehm rinraeo|e `i|mlmp ‐ |ëa peup nbke|iwnp ep`nhm nu lip|ri|n ln }umh pàn zmr|e io! aui|n amip bea legioilnp/ M ligereoäm |edrmo|e"26/ Mp e|mzmp le mwmhimäàn e aminr on lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep lepbmp|maeo|n peràn eogm|i{mlmp( omp ea bibhin|e`mp epze`imhi{mlmp ep|í( bibhin|e`mp ep`nhmrep( ê aelilm }ue zrnwmwehaeo|e( om aminr oe`eppilmle znppibihi|ea mle}umr m `nheäàn m le epze`igi`mäàn le onramp zmrm pehe! eweo|umip aulmoämp onp zrndrmamp äàn lnp am|erimip `na m giomhilmle le e.nu `urrá`uhnp/ `nazm|ibihi{í!hnp `nazm|ibihi{í!h np `na np nbke|iwnp lm @i/ Iog/( Brmpáhim/ 22&=); =0!2=/ kmo/.mbr/ =990/
iop|i|uiäàn aminr/ Lm aepam gnram( é oep|e |izn le bibhin|e`m }ue pàn oe! `eppírinp( `na aminr gre}øëo`im( am|e! rimip oàn!`noweo`inomip ‐ rehm|ðrinp( zm|eo|ep( zrézrio|p e|`/ ‐ }ue evidea lnp bibhin|e`írinp ua eonrae epgnrän zmrm hn`mhi{mäàn e nb|eoäàn lnp i|eop lepekmlnp/ Wë!pe( znr|mo|n( }ue m }uep|àn ln lepeo! wnhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep oàn é eogn`mlm lm aepam amoeirm ea |nlmp mp bibhin|e`mp/ @nan mo|erinraeo|e `i|mln( ep|m zmre`e per uam `nope}øëo`im hðdi`m lm zrðzrim liwerpilmle lmp iop|i|uiäõep( }ue wàn mbrmoder `mrm`|eráp|i`mp le m`erwn( upuí! rin e aein mabieo|e nole pe hn`mhi{ma/
LEPEOWNHWIAEO\N LE @NHEÄÕEP ON BRMPIH M }uep|àn zriaeirm m per hewmo|mlm ea re! hmäàn mn lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep on zmáp znlerim per evzreppm ea znu`mp zm! hmwrmp( lm peduio|e gnram; mgiomh( ep|àn mp `nheäõep peoln remhaeo|e lepeownhwilmp `na `ri|érinp oep|e zmáp> Ep|àn ehmp pe! duioln }umh}uer |izn le zmrâae|rn zmrm peu lepeownhwiaeo|n> M repznp|m }ue m hi|erm|urm bibhin|e`noüai! `m ea háodum znr|uduepm lí m ep|m zer! duo|m oàn zmre`e per lmp amip moiamln! rmp/ Znu`n ‐ nu }umpe omlm ‐ znle per mzrepeo|mln `nan ua lmln remhaeo|e io! }uep|inoíweh( zmppáweh le per |rmopgnramln ea redrm dermh( le }ue mp bibhin|e`mp brm! piheirmp |ëa piln nbke|n( lidmanp mppia( le ua ege|iwn epgnrän ea lireäàn mn lepeo! wnhwiaeo|n le pump `nheäõep/ Kí ea nu|rm nznr|uoilmle( ge{!pe regerëo`im mn "io`fm! än" lmp `nheäõep ‐ reghevn le ua `rep`i! aeo|n n`nrriln le amoeirm mhem|ðrim 02/ Znu`n pe `nopeduiu eo`no|rmr( leple eo! |àn( }ue zuleppe `nhmbnrmr le`ipiwmaeo|e zmrm aulmoäm lep|m nzioiàn( e( aepan `nrreoln n rip`n le pe ep|mr gm{eoln uam mwmhimäàn ev`eppiwmaeo|e zeppiaip|m lm remhilmle( é oe`eppírin regnrämr m mgiram! äàn mo|erinraeo|e gei|m( nu pekm( m le }ue( le gm|n( n lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep oàn gni kmamip eo`mrmln( eo|re oðp( `na pugi`ieo|e perielmle/ Zehn }ue pe znle lezreeoler lm hi|erm|urm( mp uoiwerpi|írimp e epze`imhi{mlmp m|é }ue |ëa piln nbke|n le rehm|iwn drmu le zren`u! zmäàn `na peup m`erwnp( zrnwmwehaeo|e ea wir|ule le aminr evidëo`im le pum `hieo|ehm ea rehmäàn mnp aepanp/ Lewe gi! `mr `hmrn( `no|uln( }ue ep|m aminr m|eoäàn lipzeopmlm m eppmp bibhin|e`mp oàn znle per pe}uer `nazmrmlm `na m m|eoäàn m ehmp lipzeopmlm ea zmápep amip lepeo! wnhwilnp/ On `mpn lmp bibhin|e`mp zûbhi`mp( zinr miolm/ Le |nln anln( eo}umo|n omp zriaeirmp zmre`e evip|ir( oep|e zmáp( ua =9
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip
ewileo|e io|ereppe ea ever`er mhdua |izn le `no|rnhe pnbre np am|erimip iognram`in! omip }ue mp aepamp |ëa znr nbke|iwn mr! am{eomr( omp ûh|iamp oàn pe `nopedue lepweolmr `hmrmaeo|e uam zren`uzmäàn piaihmr( gm|n }ue pe zrepeo`im m|é aepan ea aui|np pip|eamp le bibhin|e`mp zûbhi! `mp re`eo|eaeo|e iop|murmlnp on zmáp &`na mp ev`eäõep le zrmve( é `hmrn)/ Nu|rn eveazhn leppm lip|ioäàn le |rm|m! aeo|n nu eogn}ue pàn mp ioi`im|iwmp zmrm ep|mbehe`iaeo|n le `m|íhndnp `nhe|iwnp }ue wipma m m|eoler( zrinri|mrimaeo|e( mn upuírin ea bup`m le iognramäàn epze`im! hi{mlm( nu( miolm( mn Zhmon Om`inomh le Bi! bhin|e`mp Uoiwerpi|írimp/ Znr nu|rn hmln( wë! pe }ue 0 lip|ribuiäàn le hiwrnp êp bibhin|e! `mp zûbhi`mp remhi{mlm zehn Iop|i|u|n Om! `inomh ln Hiwrn( zrm|i`maeo|e m ûoi`m m|iwi! lmle le âabi|n om`inomh nrdmoi{mlm pnb mupzá`inp dnweromaeo|mip |eoln `nan nbke|iwn n mzmrehfmaeo|n lnp m`erwnp leppmp bibhin|e`mp( gi`m aui|n hnode le per uam znhá|i`m om`inomh zmrm lepeownhwi! aeo|n le `nheäõep ea bibhin|e`mp zûbhi! `mp/ Aui|n zehn `no|rírin( pð znle per eo! `mrmlm `nan uam ioi`im|iwm ioegi`ieo|e( oàn znleoln per `nopilermlm( mbpnhu|maeo|e( `nan ua ege|iwn epgnrän om írem le le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( ê aelilm }ue lep`nofe`eu redinomhilmlep e kmamip zerai|iu uam re|rnmhiaeo|mäàn mle}umlm ln pip|eam le lip|ribuiäàn( wipmoln m |nr! oí!hn amip io|ereppmo|e zmrm |nlnp np eo! wnhwilnp( zrio`izmhaeo|e mp bibhin|e`mp `noweoimlmp/ Nu|rn áoli`e ln lep`nofe`iaeo|n( on Brm! pih( lm zrnbheaí|i`m lmp `nheäõep e lm oe! `eppilmle le peu dereo`imaeo|n zmre`e per n gm|n le }ue mzeomp ea =962 é }ue pe `nhn`nu on `urrá`uhn aáoian zmrm np `urpnp le drmlumäàn ea Bibhin|e`nonaim( eo|re mp `fmamlmp am|érimp |é`oi`mp( m am|érim Gnramäàn e Lepeownhwiaeo|n le @nheäõep( }ue |rm{ `nan eaeo|m "zrio`á! zinp e znhá|i`mp le peheäàn; gnramp( re`ur! pnp( zrn`eliaeo|np e hediphmäàn zmrm m}uipiäàn3 zrio`ázinp e |é`oi`mp le mwmhim! äàn le `nheäõep3 `noperwmäàn le `nhe! äõep3 znhá|i`m le evzmopàn lm bibhin|e`m"/ Peup nbke|iwnp pàn mppia lehioemlnp; `m! zm`ilmle le gnrauhmr zrio`ázinp e aé|nlnp e eazredmr |é`oi`mp zmrm gnramäàn( le! peownhwiaeo|n e mwmhimäàn lmp `nheäõep( wipmoln ê pum mle}umäàn mnp upuírinp( e `nazreeopàn lm oe`eppilmle le `noper! wmäàn lnp liwerpnp puznr|ep gápi`np ln `nofe`iaeo|n e le |rm|maeo|n mle}um! lnp m `mlm |izn( le m`nrln `na pum om! |ure{m00/ Mo|ep lippn( `nognrae pe znle wer znr mazhn hewmo|maeo|n onp `urpnp le drm! lumäàn ea Bibhin|e`nonaim ln zmáp( n aí! vian }ue pe znlim eo`no|rmr erma |ðzi`np epze`ági`np zmrm peheäàn e peheäàn le
2:
am|erimip epze`imip0<( 05( leweoln!pe iam! diomr }ue mp leamip m|iwilmlep ln lepeo! wnhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep gnppea |rm|mlmp on âabi|n le lip`izhiomp amip dermip( `n! an( znr eveazhn( Nrdmoi{mäàn e Mlaioip! |rmäàn le Bibhin|e`mp/ Gi`m `hmrn( ea wip|m lippn( }ue m ionwmäàn regerilm on zmrídrmgn mo|erinr( nu pekm( m io`hupàn lm am|érim Gnramäàn e Lepeo! wnhwiaeo|n le @nheäõep( lewe per eo|eoli! lm `nan ua drmole mwmoän on |rm|maeo|n ln mppuo|n( uam we{ }ue `mlm ep`nhm le Bibhin|e`nonaim ln zmáp znlerí mlmz|mr n `urrá`uhn m pump oe`eppilmlep e m`rep! `eo|mr n }ue eo|eoler amip `noweoieo|e zmrm mp `mrm`|eráp|i`mp le peu zûbhi`n( leplnbrmoln m am|érim ea }umo|mp lip`i! zhiomp zre`ipmr/ M moíhipe lm eaeo|m zrn! znp|m ‐ e mzrnwmlm ‐ zehn @nopehfn Gele! rmh le Elu`mäàn( on eo|mo|n( zmre`e leivmr eo|rewer uam wipàn aui|n rep|ri|m ln le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( `na peu eo! gn}ue ioi`imoln!pe zehm peheäàn e m}uipi! äàn lnp am|erimip/ É ewileo|e }ue |mo|n uam `nan m nu|rm gm! {ea( remhaeo|e( zmr|e ln zrn`eppn( amp oàn `fedma m ioi`ií!hn( zrio`izmhaeo|e }umoln pe |ea ea wip|m mp `nopilermäõep le Ewmop07/ Epzerm!pe( |mhwe{ `na ev! `eppiwn n|iaipan( }ue mp ep`nhmp le bi! bhin|e`nonaim zreeo`fma( ea pump zrí|i! `mp elu`m`inomip( n `urrá`uhn aívian le `mlm uam lehmp ‐ n }ue gmh|nu om eaeo|m lm am|érim( `nognrae ep|m wea legioilm on `urrá`uhn aáoian/ Kí m hi|erm|urm epze`imhi{mlm ea háodum znr|uduepm( mn |rm|mr m }uep|àn ln lepeo! wnhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( zmre`e zreoler! pe leampimlmaeo|e m uam wipàn zno|umh ln mppuo|n( oàn `nopeduioln eoverdí!hn ea zrnguolilmle/ Rm{níweh `no|ribuiäàn |ea piln lmlm ê írem zehm zrngeppnrm Oi`e Aeoe{ep le Gidueireln( m }umh wea momhi! pmoln pip|eam|i`maeo|e m wmp|m zrnluäàn io|erom`inomh pnbre n mppuo|n e |eo|moln mlmz|í!hm ê remhilmle brmpiheirm `na aminr nu aeonr pu`eppn( lezeoleoln ln `mpn/ Np |rmbmhfnp lep|m ep|ulinpm( pekma m}uehep m |rm|mrea epze`igi`maeo|e le le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep 04( pekma m}uehep m |rm|mrea le e|mzmp nu m|iwilmlep leppe zrn`eppn06( 09( |ëa piln( iolubi|m! wehaeo|e( aui|n iaznr|mo|ep zmrm mher|mr np bibhin|e`írinp pnbre m oe`eppilmle le n zrngippinomh brmpiheirn leivmr le |er urom m|i|ule zmppiwm ea greo|e leppm hi|erm|urm io|erom`inomh( ea uam znp|urm le aerm "ledhu|iäàn"( amp |eo|mr( |mabéa( }uep|in! oí!hm e mlmz|í!hm ê remhilmle wiwilm zehn zmáp/ Oea peazre é ep|m m onram eo`no! |rmlm om hi|erm|urm epze`imhi{mlm ea háodum znr|uduepm( om }umh( aui|mp we{ep( np mu! |nrep rezrnlu{ea aermp |é`oi`mp mhieoáde! omp e mp mzhi`ma ê remhilmle brmpiheirm( pea }umpe oeofuam reghevàn/ Gnrm lippn( n onramh é eo`no|rmr!pe( om írem le le!
peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep( uam rm{níweh }umo|ilmle le mr|idnp |rm|moln le peheäàn le m`erwn ea bibhin|e`mp uoiwerpi|írimp <:( ep|ulnp le upn<=(<2( m`eppibihilmle le ln! `uaeo|np <0( znleoln!pe m|é eo`no|rmr( eweo|umhaeo|e( m lep`riäàn lm pip|eaí|i`m le lepeownhwiaeo|n le uam `nheäàn ep! ze`ági`m<< nu ev|eromoln zren`uzmäàn `na m ehmbnrmäàn le uam hip|m le nbrmp zmrm ua "zrnwíweh" m`erwn bípi`n lmp bibhin|e! `mp zûbhi`mp brmpiheirmp<5/ Zmre`e `nrre|n `no`huir!pe( }umoln `nopi! lermlm m hi|erm|urm epze`imhi{mlm ea le! peownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep zubhi`mlm ea háodum znr|uduepm( }ue m írem miolm oàn pe eo`no|rm pugi`ieo|eaeo|e peliaeo|mlm on zmáp/ M ioevip|ëo`im le |rmbmhfnp io|rnlu|ð! rinp pnbre n mppuo|n }ue znppibihi|ea m|io! dir n zûbhi`n ep|ulmo|ih e bibhin|e`írinp re! `éa!gnramlnp( le anln m anligi`mr m wi! pàn evip|eo|e( é }umpe |n|mh( m ev`eäàn le ua ûoi`n |ev|n<7( m|umhaeo|e mln|mln ea aui|mp ep`nhmp le Bibhin|e`nonaim ln zmáp/
@NO@HUPÀN N lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep `no|ioum ea `nop|mo|e ewnhuäàn/ Mnp znu`np( ea peu io|erinr( `naeäma m purdir nu|rmp ep! ze`imhilmlep( leanop|rmoln |er m írem m|iodiln ua drmu le mamlure`iaeo|n `no! pileríweh zmrm np znu`np monp ea }ue ep|í `nop|i|uálm( Lm aepam gnram( wë!pe zrnhigermr `mlm we{ amip m `nowi`äàn lm oe`eppilmle le eo`mrmr mp `nheäõep e peu lepeownhwiaeo|n `nan ua gm|nr iaznr|mo|e lm mlaioip|rmäàn lnp perwiänp le iognram! äàn/ Evip|ea( oep|e `mazn( wmrimlmp rm! {õep zmrm n|iaipan/ Eabnrm aui|n miolm evip|m m per gei|n( |ea!pe oi|ilmaeo|e m `nop`iëo`im le }ue n anaeo|n m|umhaeo|e wiwiln oàn é le zmrmhipmäàn( amp le ewnhu! äàn/ N aehfnr leppm ewnhuäàn é }ue ehm oàn zmre`e rep|riodir!pe mzeomp mnp zmá! pep amip lepeownhwilnp( nole mp wmo! dumrlmp |e`onhðdi`mp pe hn`mhi{ma( amp m|iode |mabéa zmápep zerigéri`np `nan n Brmpih( }ue( aepam ea ri|an amip heo|n( zmppma m upugruir peup beoegá`inp e( lep|m gnram( `mzm`i|ma!pe m eogreo|mr np lepm! ginp }ue wiràn `na m wirmlm ln pé`uhn/ REGERËO@IMP BIBHINDRÍGI@MP =/ PNHHM ZRI@E( Lerec le/ Pn`ie|y oeelp oeelp io p`ieo|igi` mol |e`foi`mh Iognram|ino/ @iëo`im lm Iognramäàn( w/ 0( o/ 2( z/ 94(=94
Lepeownhwiaeo|n le `nheäõep; uam onwm wipàn zmrm n zhmoekmaeo|n le re`urpnp iognram`inomip 5/ P@FNRRID( @híulim/ Pi{iod uz |fe pzm`e zrnbheap io m`mleai` hibrmriep/ Io; DNRE( Lmoieh( el/ Gmretehh |n Mhevmolrim; pnhu|inop |n pzm`e( drnt|f mol zergnramo`e zrnbheap io hibrmriep/ Tep|znr|( Dreeotnnl Zrepp( =944/ z/ 7/ 7/ BMUDFAMO( Kmaep @/ \ntmrl m p|ru`|urmh mzzrnm`f |n `nhhe`|ino lewehnzaeo|/ @nhhede ' Repemr`f Hibrmriep( w/ 06( o/ 0( z/ 2<=( z/ 2<2( =949/
