Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Zrgbga` prçntcn` ji Bc`e`fíg KM #:
^ipgrgncþk ji pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s mijcgkti nr`mgt`frglíg. Zimg1 ^ipgrgncþk ji pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s mijcgkti nr`mgt`frglíg. @baitcv`s
Ixtrgir e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s y sipgrgre`s mijcgkti ukg tãnkcng siknceeg ji nr`mgt`frglíg ik pgpie.
@btikir ie pcfmikt` mçs gbukjgkti i cjiktclcngr nuçe ji iee`s rin`rri ukg mgy`r y mik`r jcstgkncg.
Dcpþtiscs
Ik eg nr`mgt`frglíg ji pgpie, egs d`ags ji n`e`r virji `snur` prisiktgrgk mgy`r n`kniktrgncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s Ngr`tik`s y Tgkt`lcegs8 y, egs d`ags grmceegs y r`ags prisiktgrgk ukg nr`mgt`frglíg n`k ukg tckncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s ne`r`lceg G y B.
Ik eg nr`mgt`frglíg ji pgpie, egs d`ags ji n`e`r virji `snur` prisiktgrgk mgy`r n`kniktrgncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s ne`r`lceg G y B8 y, egs d`ags grmceegs y r`ags prisiktgrgk ukg nr`mgt`frglíg n`k ukg tckncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s Ngr`tik`s y Tgkt`lcegs.
Mgrn` tiþrcn`
Eg nr`mgt`frglíg
Eg nr`mgt`frglíg is uk tcp` ji tãnkcng gpecngjg pgrg eg sipgrgncþk ji vgrc`s ieimikt`s qui n`kaufgk g ukg mizneg, istg jcvcscþk si lukjgmiktg ik egs ngrgntirístcngs líscngs y químcngs qui p`sig ngjg ieimikt`, dgncikj` ãklgscs ik eg ngpgncjgj ji cktirgnncþk ji ngjg
7
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
n`mp`kikti ji eg mizneg ` ji eg s`euncþk n`k ukg sustgkncg. G frgkjis rgsf`s eg nr`mgt`frglíg si e`frg p`r mijc` ji eg utceczgncþk ji j`s lgsis1
Lgsi mþvce, ie nuge is ukg s`euncþk qui istç n`mpuistg p`r jcstckt`s ieimikt`s
Lgsi istgnc`kgrcg, istg si ngrgntirczg p`r sir uk mgtircge s`ecj` qui pirmgkinirç sck ngmbc`s gktis ` jispuãs ji eg cmpeimiktgncþk ji eg tãnkcng
Eg mizneg p`r istujcgr pirmgkinirç n`k ie n`mpuist` qui p`sig mçs glckcjgj bcik sig ie qui si iknuiktrg ik lgsi s`ecjg ` ik lgsi mþvce, ji istg l`rmg si gprincgrç egs ngrgntirístcngs fikirgeis ji ngjg n`mpuist` istujcgj`. Eg nr`mgt`frglíg, puiji sir negsclcngjg sifñk eg mit`j`e`fíg y e`s mgtircgeis utceczgj`s ik1
_egkg, isti tcp` ji tãnkcng si rigeczg p`r mijc` ji eg utceczgncþk ji uk mgtircge sþecj` n`m` uk pgpie, frgncgs g ist` puiji sub-negsclcngrsi sub- negsclcngrsi ik ―ngpg fruisg” ` ―ngpg lckg”, jibcj` g qui eg lgsi istgnc`kgrcg rip`sg s`bri s`p`rti t`tgemikti rífcj`, istg ngpg si p`ki ik n`ktgnt` n`k eg lgsi mþvce qui is eíqucjg y ie mcsm` n`mcikzg g gsnikjir, ji gnuirj` n`k eg ubcngncþk ji ngjg ieimikt` ik ie pgpie puiji e`frgr su cjiktclcngncþk.
N`eumkg, ik eg nuge si utceczg vgrc`s nceckjr`s egrf`s nuy` k`mbri is ―buritg” n`m` lgsi istgnc`kgrcg, y ukg mizneg ecqucjg n`m` lgsi mþvce, ji cfuge l`rmg puijik usgrsi `tr` istgj` líscn` pgrg eg lgsi mþvce, n`m` ie fgs, e`s jcstckt`s n`mpuist`s g sipgrgr vgk g cr gsnikjcikj` ji l`rmg pr`friscvg p`r eg n`eumkg. (Mit`j`e`fíg g utceczgr)
Ji gnuirj` n`k ie istgj` líscn` ji egs lgsis utceczgjgs pgrg ie pr`nis` eg nr`mgt`frglíg puiji negsclcngrsi ik1
Fgsis, yg qui su lgsi mþvce is ji ngrçntir fgsi`s`.
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
_gpie Lcetr`
Ie pgpie lcetr`, uk pgpie qui si n`rtg ik l`rmg ncrnuegr y si utceczg ik pr`nis`s ji lcetrgncþk ik egb`rgt`rc`s ritikcikj` cmpurizgs cks`eubeis y pirmctcr ie pgs` ji eg s`euncþk lcetrgjg g trgvãs ji sus p`r`s. Istgs s`eunc`kis s`k d`m`fãkigs. _`r e` fikirge, istç n`kl`rmgj` p`r jircvgj`s ji nieue`sg pirmctcikj` qui ie pgpie lcetr` s`p`rti pD ji ? dgstg 72 y timpirgturgs qui p`jrígk eeifgr dgstg e`s 72?±N. Ik istg prçntcng, isti pgpie sirvcrç pgrg lcetrgr e`s pcfmikt`s ji egs muistrgs qui s`k sipgrgjgs p`r ie gen`d`e.
Ys` jie gen`d`e pgrg sipgrgr pcfmikt`s
Ik eg tãnkcng gktis miknc`kgjg n`m` eg nr`mgt`frglíg, ie gen`d`e n`k e`s pcfmikt`s jcsuiet`s ik ãe vg gsnikjcikj` p`r ie pgpie n`m` n`ksinuikncg ji eg ngpcegrcjgj ` gnncþk ngpcegr. E`s pcfmikt`s ji mik`r s`eubcecjgj y ji mgy`r mgsg si quijgk pifgj`s ik ie pgpie lcetr` mçs gbga`, mciktrgs qui gquiee`s pcfmikt`s qui tcikik mçs s`eubcecjgj y mik`r mgsg scfuik gsnikjcikj` n`k ie gen`d`e. N`m` ngjg pcfmikt` tciki jclirikti mgsg y s`eubcecjgj, isti subcrç p`r ie pgpie jiaçkj`e` n`e`rgj` p`r e`s pcfmikt`s.
_cfmikt`s L`t`scktãtcn`s
_cfmikt` is ukg ixpriscþk usgjg pgrg jincr qui ukg m`eãnueg gbs`rbi euz jie s`e y fikirg uk n`e`r. Ie tcp` ji pcfmikt`s qui gbs`rbi ikirfíg pgrg utceczgreg ik eg l`t`síktiscs si iknuiktrg ukcj` t`tgemikti ` ik pgrti g egs mimbrgkgs tcegn`cjis ji e`s ne`r`pegst`s. Ie pcfmikt` qui istç cmpecngj` jcrintgmikti ik egs rignnc`kis eumck`sgs is ie pcfmikt` n`k`ncj` n`m` ne`r`lceg. Ik ie ngs` ji egs pegktgs, si puiji k`tgr ukg frgk vgrcijgj ji n`e`ris ik sus d`ags e` nuge is ngusg ji sus pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s, e`s nugeis s`k e`s ñkcn`s qui puijik `btikir
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Ne`r`lceg G
Eg ne`r`lceg G is ie ñkcn` pcfmikt` qui istç jcrintgmikti cmpecngj` ik egs rignnc`kis eumck`sgs. Gbs`rbi prcm`rjcgemikti euz ji e`s ngmp`s gzue-vc`eitg y r`a` jie ispintr` y is ji n`e`r virji `snur`, p`rqui rileiag prckncpgemikti eg euz virji.
Ne`r`lceg B
Eg ne`r`lceg B p`r `trg pgrti, k` pgrtcncpg jcrintgmikti ik egs rignnc`kis eumck`sgs, sck` qui trgksmcti g ikirfíg gbs`rbcjg g gquieegs m`eãnuegs ji ne`r`lceg g qui istçk jcrintgmikti cmpecngjgs. _`r isti m`tcv`, eg ne`r`lceg b si n`k`ni n`m` pcfmikt` gnnis`rc`. ^u n`e`r suiei sir ji uk virji mik`s cktiks` qui ie qui tciki eg ne`r`lceg g.
Ngr`tik`cjis
E`s ngr`tik`cjis gbs`rbik lukjgmiktgemikti euz gzue-virji y rileiagk eg euz gmgrceeg ` gmgrceeg-kgrgkag. Ik e`s vifitgeis, ist`s pcfmikt`s gnnis`rc`s k` suieik sir vcscbeis dgstg qui eg ne`r`lceg si r`mpi, n`m` nugkj` egs d`ags ji egs pegktgs ngjuncl`ecgs ngmbcgk ji n`e`r. E`s ngr`tik`cjis s`k e`s risp`ksgbeis ji eg n`e`rgncþk `t`÷ge, jispuãs ji qui e`s jígs n`rt`s y egs lrígs timpirgturgs dgygk rgeiktczgj` eg l`t`síktiscs y si dgyg r`t` eg ne`r`lceg. ^`k uk tcp` cmp`rtgkti ji pcfmikt`s qui n`ktciki ukg lukncþk gktc`xcjgkti. _`r e` fikirge ist`s si puijik jcvcjcr ik ngr`tik`s y xgkt`lcegs.
Ngr`tik`s
s`k gquiee`s ngr`tik`cjis qui suieik jgr uk n`e`r r`acz ` y gkgrgkagj`
Tgkt`lcegs
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Mgtircgeis ji egb`rgt`rc`
< ngags _itrc
Yk imbuj`
Rigntcv`s
_gpie lcetr`
M`rtir` y pceþk
Ykg rifeg (· ?,7 nm.)
Nr`k`mitr` (· ?,7 s.)
_r`bitg ji 9? me (· ?.7 me.)
Yk Ireikmiyir ji 7?? me (· ?.9 me.)
Gen`d`e ji 3< %
Muistrgs
D`ags virjis (muistrg 7,2 y >)
D`ags r`ags (muistrg :)
D`ags gmgrceegs (muistrg 9 y <)
_r`nijcmcikt`
@btikncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s
7. N`rtgr pijgz`s ji d`ags virjis sck ckneucr eg kirvgjurg prckncpge y n`e`ngregs ik ie
m`rtir`. 2. Gfrifgr >? me. ji gen`d`e ge 3<% y ukg piqui÷g ngktcjgj ji ngrb`kgt` ji ngenc` pgrg
ivctgr eg jifrgjgncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s. >. Zrcturgr egs d`ags dgstg `btikir ukg
sustgkncg ji n`e`r virji cktiks`. :. N`e`ngr ie imbuj` ik uk Ireikmiyir. 9. \irtir eg s`euncþk `btikcjg ik ie imbuj`
y jiagr lcetrgr p`r eg frgvijgj.
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
^ipgrgncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s
7. Rin`rtgr < tcrgs ji pgpie lcetr` ji 79x7? nm. 2. J`begr ngjg tcrg ik l`rmg ji \ pgrg qui si puijg mgktikir
lcrmi s`bri sí mcsmg. >. Gfrifgr eg sustgkncg lcetrgjg ik egs ngags ji _itrc. :. N`e`ngr egs tcrgs ji pgpie lcetr` rin`rtgjgs ik ngjg muistrg. 9. Lcagr ie nr`k`mitr` g >? m y jiagr egs muistrgs muistr gs rip`sgkj`. <. Ik ie trgksnurs` jie tcimp` e`s pcfmikt`s si crçk sipgrgkj`
sifñk su ngpgncjgj ji gbs`rncþk y glckcjgj n`k ie s `evikti.
_cfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s sipgrgj`s. L`t`frglíg t`mgjg jie frup` #2.
Mit`j`e`fíg
Ykg viz `btikcj`s rigeczgj` eg sipgrgncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s, si tciki qui jclirikncgr qui pcfmikt` l`t`scktãtcn` rin`rrcþ mçs jcstgkncg. ^i e`s puiji rin`k`nir mijcgkti e`s n`e`ris, ngr`tik`s=gkgrgkagj` ` r`acz`8 xgkt`lcegs=gmgrcee`8 ne`r`lceg G=virji negr`8 ne`r`lceg B= virji `snur`.
N`k ukg rifeg mijcr eg jcstgkncg qui rin`rrcir`k e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s ik ie tcimp` jitirmckgj`.
Mijcr eg jcstgkncg rin`rrcjg p`r ie ieuyikti (gen`d`e)
Ngenuegr ie vge`r ji Rl (riegncþk ji lriktis) mijcgkti eg lþrmueg1
1
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Zgbuegncþk ji jgt`s `btikcj`s
Z gbeg #71 Jcstgkncg rin`rrcjg p`r e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s ik nm. ( G kix` kix` 7-<)
_cfmikt`s l`t`scktitcn`s
Jcstgkncg rin`rrcjg ik nm. (· ?,7 nm.) N`e`r Muistrg 7
Muistrg 2
Muistrg >
Muistrg :
Muistrg 9
Muistrg <
Ngr`tik`s
<,6
<,6
6
<,>
6,7
6,7
Tgkt`lcegs
7,3
7,<
7,6
2
7,3
7,3
Ne`r`lceg G
7,7
7
7,7
7,>
7,7
7,7
Ne`r`lceg B
7,6
7,9
7,<
7,9
7,>
7,>
Jcstgkncg rin`rrcjg rin`rrcjg p`r ie i euyikti 1 3nm 3nm
Zgbeg #21 \ge`r Rl (riegncþk ji lriktis) ji ngjg pcfmikt` l`t`scktãtcn`. (< muistrgs)
1
_cfmikt`s l`t`scktitcn`s
\ge`r Rl (riegnc`k ji lriktis) N`e`r Muistrg 7
Muistrg 2
Muistrg >
Muistrg :
Muistrg 9
Muistrg <
Ngr`tik`s
?,6:
?,6:
?,64
?,6
?,63
?,63
Tgkt`lcegs
?,27
?,74
?,73
?,22
?,27
?,27
Ne`r`lceg G
?,72
?,77
?,72
?,7:
?,72
?,72
Ne`r`lceg B
?,73
?,76
?,74
?,76
?,7:
?,7:
Jcstgkncg rin`rrcjg rin`rrcjg p`r ie i euyikti1 euyikti 1 3n 3nm m
K`tg1 Jgt`s rij`kjigj`s g j`s jãncmgs. Zgbeg #>1 Mijcg grctmãtcng jie vge`r Rl ji egs muistrgs. ( F r glcn` lc n` #7)
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Gkçecscs
^ifñk e`s jgt`s `btikcj`s si puiji dgnir ie scfucikti gkçecscs1
Egs muistrgs 7, 2 y > luir`k rigeczgjgs n`k d`ags virjis jie mcsm` tcp`, p`r e` nuge eeifgk g tikir ncirtg scmcectuj ik su pcfmiktgncþk. Istgs muistrgs ge sir virjis ik su t`tgecjgj p`siik bga`s kcvieis ji pcfmikt`s sinukjgrc`s y is gbukjgkti ik e`s pcfmikt`s prcmgrc`s n`m` eg ne`r`lceg G y B, jibcj` g qui ik sus vge`ris ji Rl si `btuvcir`k ?,728 ?,778 y ?,72 ik ne`r`lceg G8 y ik ne`r`lceg B ?,738 ?,768 ?,74 rispintcvgmikti. ^cikj` ist`s vge`ris mçs get`s ik eg tgbeg ik n`mpgrgncþk g egs jimçs muistrgs. Ik eg muistrg :, si usþ d`ags ji n`e`r r`a`, p`r e` nuge ik ie pgpie lcetr` eeifþ g t`rkgrsi ji n`e`r r`acz`- gkgrgkagj` p`r uk`s <,> nm, e` qui riprisiktg eg frgk ngktcjgj ji pcfmikt`s jie tcp` ngr`tik`s ik istgs d`ags. Lckgemikti, ik egs muistrgs 9 y <, si usþ d`ags ji n`e`r gmgrcee` `btikcikj` mgy`r xgkt`lceg qui egs jimçs muistrgs jibcj` g su n`e`r gmgrceeikt`, tikcikj` eg mcsmg ngktcjgj ji jgt`s ik ngjg uk` ji e`s pcfmikt`s.
N`kneuscþk
Jibcj` g t`j`s e`s jgt`s `btikcj`s si n`kneuyi qui, eg prcmirg dcpþtiscs is lgesg eg nuge glcrmgbg1 ―Ik eg nr`mgt`frglíg ji pgpie, egs d`ags ji n`e`r virji `snur` prisiktgrgk mgy`r n`kniktrgncþk ji e`s pcfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s Ngr`tik`s y Tgkt`lcegs8 y, egs d`ags grmceegs y r`ags prisiktgrgk ukg nr`mgt`frglíg n`k ukg tckncþk ji j i e`s pcfmikt`s ne`r`lceg G y B”, jibcj`
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Gkix`s1 7-<
Muistrgs 7, 2 y > dindgs g bgsis ji d`ags virjis. _cfmikt`s l`t`scktãtcn`s sipgrgj`s. L`t`frglíg jie frup` #:
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Airimy Csrgie _gemg Ngrb` fmj39< (?9?292 -???3)
Frçlcn`1 7
Mijcg grctmitcng jie vge`r Rl ji egs muistrgs sifuk sus pcfmikt`s l`t`scktitcn`s. l`t`scktitcn`s. " l R " r ` e g \ g n c t i m t c r g g c j i M
? Ngr`tik`s
_cfmikt` L`t`scktitcn`
Tgkt`lcegs
Ne`r`lceg G
Ne`r`lceg B
Ngr`tik`s
Tgkt`lcegs
Ne`r`lceg G
Ne`r`lceg B
?.6<
?.2
?.72
?.76
Bcbec`frglíg
Jilckcstg. (73 ji @ntubri ji 2?79). Jilckcncþk 2?79). Jilckcncþk ji Nr`mgt`frglíg. Nr`mgt`frglíg. @btikcj` ji N`knipt`Jilckcnc`k.ji1 dttp1//n`knipt`jilckcnc`k.ji/nr`mgt`frglcg/ WucmcKit . (>? ji Jcncimbri ji 2?77). E`s 2?77). E`s prckncpgeis tcp`s ji pgpie lcetr`. lcetr`. @btikcj` ji WucmcKit1 dttps1//www.qucmckit.n`m/grtcnue`s/e`s-prckncpgeis-tcp`s-ji-pgpie-lcetr`2<99::?.dtm ^cgrc, N. K. (6 ji K`vcimbri ji 2?72). Eg 2?72). Eg ne`r`lceg y eg l`t`síktiscs. l`t`síktiscs. @btikcj` ji Gpuktis ji