Prueba de Vacio y Cortocircuito En transformadores trifasicos

PRUEBA DE VACIO Y CORTOCIRCUITO EN TRANSFORMADOR REAL 1. Objetivo : •

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Determi!r "!# $er%i%!# e e" &ierro ' obteer "o# $!r(metro# e")*tri*o# $!r! "! *o#tr+**i, %e *ir*+ito e-+iv!"ete %e" tr!#orm!%or re!". Determi!r "!# $er%i%!# e e" *obre e "o# !rro""!mieto# $rim!ri! ' #e*+%!ri! $!r! "!# $r+eb!# %e *orto*ir*+ito.

/. E"emeto# ! +ti"i0!r: • • • • • • •

1 Tr!#orm!%or //23341141534// V A* 5 60 7 3VA 1 v!ri!* 1 T!b"ero %e $r+eb!# %e Cor%, 1 M+"t8metro Di9it!" 1 Pi0! !m$erimetri*!  L(m$!r!# i*!%e#*ete# %e 1;2//V 1 *!b"e !"imet!%or ' *oe*tore# v!rio#

. Pro*e%imieto •

Pr+eb! %e v!*8! Mot! e" *ir*+ito %e "! i9+r!. Preo*<$!te e *oe*t!r "o# i#tr+meto# *orre*t!mete 7 e#$e*i!"mete e" v!t8metro. Co e" #e*+%!rio !bierto e v!*8o7 re!"i0! "o #i9+iete: 1. Coe*t! Coe*t! "o# termi termi!"e# !"e# 1 ' / !+! +et +etee %e *orriete *orriete !"ter! !"ter! !j+#t!b"e = v!ri!* > . /. Prov)ete Prov)ete %e +! +! +et +etee %e CA !j+#t! !j+#t!b"e b"e $!r! "! te#i, te#i, omi! omi!"7"7 e e#te *!#o /V. . Mi%e "! $ote $ote*i! *i! !b#orbi%! !b#orbi%! $or $or "! "e*t+r! "e*t+r! %e" %e" ;!timetro ;!timetro ' re9i#tr! re9i#tr! = e *! *!#o #o %e o te teer er ;!timetro ;!timetro *o#i%er! *o#i%er!rr + Co# Co#ɸ ?.3@ > Po?/./ . Mi%e "! te#i te#i, , e" $rim!rio $rim!rio *o *o "! !'+%! !'+%! %e + + vo"timetro vo"timetro ' !ot!. !ot!. U$o?//.5V 3. Mi%e "! "! *orriete *orriete e e" $rim!ri $rim!rioo *o e" e" !m$erimetr !m$erimetroo ' ! !ot!. ot!. I$o?//3m! 5. C!"*+"! C!"*+"! "! $ote*i! $ote*i! !$!rete !$!rete !b#orbi !b#orbi%! %! $or e" e" $rim!rio $rim!rio *o "o# "o# v!"ore#:

So?UoIo So?.53VA @. Uti"i0! "o# #i9+iete# e*+!*ioe# $!r! *!"*+"!r "o# $!r(metro# %e m!9eti0!*i, %e" tr!#orm!%or: Co#ɸ?Po2=VoIo>?.35 Irm?Io Co#ɸ?1/m! Im!9?Io Seɸ?.1 m?Vo2Io?G Rm?Vo2Irm?1@/. G Hm!9?Vo2Im!9?11.@ G v!r?Vo/2Hm!9?.@5 G Irm ? *orriete ! tr!v)# %e "! re#i#te*i! %e m!9eti0!*i, %e" &ierro. Im!9 ? *orriete ! tr!ve0 %e "! re!*t!*i! %e m!9eti0!*i,. . C!"*+"! "! $ote*i! re!*tiv $er%i%! $or e" tr!#orm!%or : V9v!r ? /V!r  v!r ? .@5 G . Dib+j! e $!$e" mi"imetr!%o e" %i!9r!m! !#ori!" %e "! $r+eb! %e v!*i 7 Di!9r!m! !%j+to !" i!". •

Pr+eb! %e Corto*ir*+ito E# $o#ib"e *oe*t!r e" !m$er8metro t!mbi) e e" #e*+%!rio. L! te#i, ii*i!" e e" $rim!rio %ebe #er  V. De#*oe*t! "! +ete %e te#i, e $rim!rio !te# %e *o"o*!r e" !m$er8metro $!r! me%ir "! I** e e" Se*+%!rio. 1. Co +! +ete %e vo"t!je %e CA !j+#t!b"e = v!ri!* > !"imet! e" $rim!rio %e" tr!#orm!%or *omo e "! i9+r! . A#e9+r!te %e -+e "! te#i, %e #!"i%! ii*i!" %e "! +ere e# %e V. /. A+met! 9r!%+!"mete "! te#i, %e "! +ete CA !$"i*!%! !" $rim!ri! &!#t! -+e "! *orriete i%i*!%! e e" !m$er8metro #e! "! *orriete omi!" %e" tr!#orm!%or.

. Aot! "o# v!"ore# %e P**7 V**$ e I me%i%o# . *o#i%er!r Co#ɸ?.3 P**? 1/.5 V**$?.1V I?1.3A . C!"*+"! "o# %!to# %e" *ir*+ito e-+iv!"ete *o "o# v!"ore# re9i#tr!%o# $revi!mete +#!%o "!# e*+!*ioe#. R**?P**2I**/?3.5/3G **?+**2I**?1@.3 G H**?J=**/KR**/>?15./ G Co#ɸ?P**2=U**I**>?.3 R**?r1Kr/?3.5/3 G r1?r/N$2N#?/.3/@1G r/?/.33 G I**?I H**?15./ G 1?/N$2N#?5/. /?1.@3 3. C!"*+"! "!# $er%i%!# tot!"e# e e" *obre : "!# $er%i%!# tot!"e# e e" *obre ! /C 7 #e $+e%e *!"*+"!r $or "! e*+!*i,: P*+?r1I1/Kr/I// P*+?1/.1

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5. Dib+j! e $!$e" mi"imetr!%o e" %i!9r!m! !#ori!" %e "! $r+eb! %e *orto*ir*+ito. Di!9r!m! !bj+to. Tr!#orm!%or re!" 1. Co "o# %!to# e*otr!%o# *o "o# *("*+"o#7 %ib+j! e" *ir*+ito e-+iv!"ete %e" tr!#orm!%or *o "o# v!"ore# %e "!# re#$e*tiv!# re#i#te*i!# ' re!*t!*i!# !ot!%!#7 V9 :

/. C!"*+"! "! im$e%!*i! $or*et+!" %e" tr!#orm!%or ' "! *orriete e + evet+!" *orto*ir*+ito e e" #e*+%!rio. ?U**2U$?.5@?.5@ I**?I2?.3A . C!"*+"! e" re%imieto %e "! +i%!% tr!#orm!%or ! /C = tome Co#ɸ?1 $!r! obteer e" m(imo re%imieto> Re%?P#2=P#K$*+KPe> Re%?.3/ Do%e: P#?Ui?3/ Pe?Po . P!r! "! $r+eb! %e" mo%e"o %e" *ir*+ito e")*tri*o %e" tr!#orm!%or re!" !$"i*! +! *!r9! %e . Dib+j! e" e#-+em! %e" *ir*+ito ' ee*t
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+) %i#*re$!*i!# &! tei%o e e" e$erimeto7 e+mere "!# *+#!# %e "!# %i#*re$!*i!# 4 4

Me%i*ioe# %i#tit!# ! v!"ore# %e error !*e$t!%o#. I#tr+meto# #i *orre**i, ' !$!rete !"t! %e m!teimieto.

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Coe*tore# e" m!" e#t!%o ' *!+#!%o *orto# ' tierr!#.

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F!"t! %e i#tr+met!"i0!*i, !%e*+!%! $!r! "!# me%i*ioe#.

E+mere "!# !$"i*!*ioe# $r(*ti*!# %e" m)to%o $ro$+e#to e e" e$erimeto.

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Di!9,#ti*o %e e-+i$o# e i%etii*!*i, %e #+# *om$oete#.