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ÈGNKIJ NJ ILG^JGKNL L@YJPQMIKLGJY NJD ^Z^LP ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''' 0 ÈGNKIJ NJ ILG^JGKNL ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 9 MPEZHJG^L'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' MPEZHJG^L''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' >

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L@OJ^KQL EJGJPMD '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' : VPJÍH@ZDL'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 1 DM VJM JG EZM^JHMDM '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''' 5 BKY^LPKM NJ DM VDMGKAKIMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM MVDKIMNM JG DMY JHVPJYMY EZM^JHMD^JIMY''''''''''''''' 2 Jd Jy~kdl nj Vdmgjmikùg''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' Vdmgjmikùg''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ; Jd Jy~kdl Qkyklgmpkl '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''' ==

L J D K D M E N M N K Y P J Q K G Z

Jd Jy~kdl njd Mvpjgnkzmoj ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =0 VDMGKAKIMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM MVDKIMNM JG DMY JHVPJYMY EZM^JHMD^JIMY ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =9 Mp~19 iùnkel ~pm`mol ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =9 DMY JHVPJYMY JG EZM^JHMDM ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' => DMY LVLP^ZGKNMNJY LVLP ^ZGKNMNJY [ DMY MHJGM_MY '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =5 IMPMI^JPÈY^KIMY NJ DM VDMGJMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM JG DMY JHVPJYMY EZM^JHMD^JIMY '''''''''''''''''''' 06 JG JD ILG^JR^L EZM^JHMD^JIL? DM VDMGJMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM MVDKIMNM '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 0= YKGLVYKY NJ DM D M AMYJ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 0> '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''' 0: @K@DKLEPMAÈM ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''

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Jb mvpjgnknl vlp hjnkl jd dk`pl nj ~jr~l njd =0 ~pkhjy~pj nj VJM }zj? Dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy vzjnjg mvplqjibmp ~lnmy dmy lvlp~zgknmnjy }zj jd jg~lpgl vzjnm vpjyjg~m$ jg dm hjnknm }zj dmy jhvpjymy pjqkymg { mi~zmdkmg ilgy~mg~jhjg~j yz hkykùg { yz qkykùg$ { vdmgkak}zjg jy~pm~ëekimhjg~j dly lòj~kqly$ jy~pm~jekmy nj miikùg$ dmy mi~kqknmnjy }zj yjmg gjijympkmy vmpm dlepmpdmy$ nj jy~m

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L@OJ^KQL EJGJPMD Jd lòj~kql nj jy~j ~pm`mol nj kgqjy~kemikùg pjmdkmnl jy }zj ilhl jy~znkmg~j nj dm vpjy~keklym Zgkqjpyknmn Emdkdjl nj pjilvkdmp dm jyjgikm nj dly ilglikhkjg~ly njd hjnkl

jhvpjympkmd ezm~jhmd~jil jg dm mvdkimikùg nj dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim mvdkimnm VJM+ jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy3 kg~jg~mp njyiz`pkp { vpjyjg~mp jg zg djgezmoj yjgikddl { ilgikyl dly ilgijv~ly$ bjibly$ knjmy$ vplijyly { vplijnkhkjg~ly azgnmhjg~mdjy

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`íykil ~mg~l njd ilgijv~l ilhl nj dm vpíi~kim nj dm vdmgjmikùg vd mgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim alphmd ' Jyvjpmgnl vpjyjg~mp md dji~lp zg hm~jpkmd mepmnm`dj }zj yj `mym jg zg gÿhjpl nj l`yjpqmiklgjy pjmdkmnmy mijpim nj dm VJM jg dm nkpjiikùg { jd ërk~l jg dly gjelikly ezm~jhmd~jily'

Mnjhíy$ mdezgly jojhvdly yjpíg ~pm~mnly jg jy~j ~pm`mol$ jyvjpmgnl }zj ilg jy~l jd dji~lp yj në izjg~m nj }zj jg gzjy~pl vmèy izmd}zkjp ilhvmýèm gl izjg~m ilg mdeÿg

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VPJÍH@ZDL — Jrky~jg Jrky~jg }zkjgjy ~kjgjg ikjp~l ilglikhkjg~l$ mzg}zj gl dl yzakikjg~j vmpm ilgqjgijpyj }zj nj`jpèm z~kdkmpdm‘ ' Gjp{ Ymhzjd Vmim{ nj Vm

Jy~j ~pm`mol vpj~jgnj vpj~jgnj jrvlgjp jg zg yjg~knl pmlgm`dj pmlgm`dj idmpl$ ilgipj~l$ ilgipj~l$ { ilhvdj~l

nj dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim jg gzjy~pl vmèy$ jg yè$ Jd mh`kjg~j ilhvj~k~kql }zj jrky~j bl{ jg nèm$ { jd zyl ilgy~mg~j nj ^jigldleèmy nj Kgalphmikùg `mymnmy jg Kg~jpgj~ bm ddjqmnl m dmy jhvpjymy m njympplddmp gzjqmy jy~pm~jekmy nj gjelikl$ vmpm dlepmp zgm qjg~mom ilhvj~k~kqm'

Dm ilh`kgmikùg nj dmy ~jigldleèmy nj kgalphmikùg `mymnmy jg Kg~jpgj~ { dly vplijyly nj gjelikly }zj imnm qj hmy pj}zkjpjg zgm VJM$ bmg lpkekgmnl gzjqly ilgijv~ly nj gjelikl$ qjhly jg gzjy~pl vmè y zg jgal}zj jdji~pùgkil$ jy~l jy "@kygjy Jdji~plgkiy"' Yzpejg jg~lgijy$ gzjqly yjpqkikly `mymnly jg Kg~jpgj~ }zj dmy jhvpjymy z~kdkmg

~mg~l njg~pl { azjpm nj yz gjelikl vmpm dlepmp zgm nkajpjgikmikùg jg jd hjpimnl' Dm khvdmg~mikùg nj jy~ly yjpqkikly { nj vdmgjy jy~pm~ëekily `kjg jy~pzi~zpmnly

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khvmi~l azjp~jhjg~j m dm jhvpjymy ykg khvlp~mp yz ~mhmýl aèykil jy~l nj`knl m }zj hlnkakimg dly vplijyly nj gjelikl'

Jy khvlp~mg~j jg~lgijy pjmdkmp zgm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim nj dmy jhvpjymy vmpm }zj mvl{jg m dmy jhvpjymy vmpm mdimgmp dm qjg~mom ilhvj~k~kqm njyjmnm' Njg~pl nj zgm

Vdmgjmikùg Jy~pm~ëekim yj nj`j nj~jphkgmp }zj nj`j bmijpyj$ iùhl yj qm m bmijp { iùhl vzjnj nmpyj izjg~m zgm jhvpjy { yk izhvdj l gl ilg dly lòj~kqly njyjmnly njyjmnly { jy~m`djiknly'


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DM VJM JG EZM^JHMDM Dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim mvdkimnm jg yz jy~pzi~zpm alphmd ilg yzy impmi~jpèy~kimy hlnjpgmy azj kg~plnziknm vlp vpkhjpm qj jg mdezgmy jhvpjymy ilhjpikmdjy njd yji~lp `mgimpkl vpkqmnl m hjnkmnly nj =;:6' Jg m}zjd ~kjhvl$ jy~my jhvpjymy jpmg dmy híy khvlp~mg~jy {

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BKY^LPKM NJ DM VDMGKAKIMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM MVDKIMNM JG DMY JHVPJYMY EZM^JHMD^JIMY Jg dmy ÿd~khmy ~pjy nëimnmy njd ykedl RR jg Ezm~jhmdm bjhly qky~l$ jg jd imhvl nj dm Mnhkgky~pmikùg jg jd pmhl nj dm vdmgjmikùg $ jd mnqjgkhkjg~l { dm njymvmpkikùg nj hzibmy ~jlpèmy { hlnmy }zj bmg ipjmnl jy~kdly nj nkpjiikùg jy~pm~ëekim jg dmy jhvpjymy' Dmy ilhvmýèmy ilgy~mg~jhjg~j yj jgapjg~mg m md~jpgm~kqmy }zj khvdkimg yjezkp dm hlnm$ majppmpyj m dm ~pmnkikùg l pj~mp jd vmymnl { `zyimp gzjqmy vjpyvji~kqmy vmpm zg hzgnl }zj jy~í imh`kmgnl mijdjpmnmhjg~j'

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nlhkgmnl dm jyijgm jg dmy ~pjy ÿd~khmy nëimnmy { bmg yzpeknl ilhl zg

njympplddl nj dm ~jlpèm mnhkgky~pm~kqm ilg~jhvlpígjm jg pjyvzjy~m m dmy ilgnkiklgjy ylikmdjy { jilgùhkimy nj yz ëvlim' Imnm zgl ~zql alp~mdjmy vjpl ~mh`këg ~zqkjplg yzy nj`kdknmnjy' Jyly jy~kdly$ mnlv~mnly vlp dmy jhv pjymy njd hzgnl jg nkajpjg~jy vjpèlnly nj ~kjhvl yjeÿg yz j~mvm nj jqldzikùg$ bmg yknl?

Jd jy~kdl nj vdmgjmikùg$ jg jd izmd zg az~zpl vpjnjik`dj yj `mym`m

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Jg dm nëimnm nj dly 16¾y { m vpkgikvkly nj dly 56¾y bm`èm jg Ezm~jhmdm zg yjg~khkjg~l ejgjpmd nj yjezpknmn { nj jy~m`kdknmn' Azj zgm ëvlim nj hzibmy jhvpjymy nj ërk~l$ nj zgm vlnjplym jilglhèm nj vly~ezjppm { nj zgmy ylikjnmnjy zgknmy vlp vlnjplymy kgy~k~ziklgjy jd el`kjpgl$ dm kedjykm$ dm amhkdkm$ dm dj{+' Yj njyipk`j m dmy jhvpjymy nj jymy nëimnmy$ ilhl qkmomgnl

vlp zgm mz~lvky~m ykg dèhk~jy { jg zg dzolyl mz~lhùqkd' Dmy jhvpjymy ipjèmg }zj jd az~zpl djy vjp~jgjièm { }zj vlnèmg ilgnzikp bmikm ëd ilg vkdl~l vk dl~l mz~lhí~kil'

Gl jpm jr~pmýl jg~lgijy }zj jg jym ëvlim ~zqkjpm lpkejg dm vpldkajpmikùg nj bjppmhkjg~my nj vdmgjmikùg { mgídkyky$ ilhl azjplg dmy ~ëigkimy nj mgídkyky njd vlp~maldkl$ { jg~pj jddmy dmy híy z~kdkmnmy azjplg dm hm~pk ipjikhkjg~l(vmp~kikvmikùg jg jd hjpimnl njd { m dm hm~pk ~pjy vlp ~pjy m~pk`zknm vlp mdezgly { vlp l~ply m dm Ybjdd' Dm ipjjgikm ejgjpmdkmnm jpm }zj dmy jilglhèmy$ dly hjpimnly { dly idkjg~jy yj

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vdmgjmikùg ~pmm`m zg imhkgl vmpm mdimgmp lòj~kqly az~zply { ipjm`m dmy jyimdmy ilg~pm dmy izmdjy yj hjnèmg dly pjyzd~mnly'


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Dmy jhvpjymy ibmvkgmy yj jgapmyimplg jg dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim {

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vpjikykùg nj dmy ikapmy vjpl jpmg yzvjpakikmdjy jg izmg~l m dm jy~ pm~jekm vplvkmhjg~j nkibm'

Jg dm hjnknm jg }zj dly mgídkyky vmpjièmg vplnzikp pjyvzjy~my mijp~mnmy$ jy~ly vdmgjy yj qldqèmg kgadjrk`djy j kghlnkakim`djy$ ykg khvlp~mp }zj yj jy~zqkjpmg vpjyjg~mgnl imh`kly jg dmy ilgnkiklgjy jilgùhkimy l njd hjpimnl' Hzibm y jhvpjymy gl vznkjplg pjmiiklgmp mg~j dm njyjy~m`kdkmikùg nj dmy jilglhèmy { nj dly hjpimnly$ yk~zmikùg }zj lizppkù m hjnkmnly nj dm nëimnm nj dly yj~jg~my' Ezm~jhmdm jg~pù jg zgm pjijykùg =;59 (=;5:+$ qkqkù nly ipkyky =;56 { =;5>+ {

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pmhkjg~my nj mgídkyky ddjqmplg m zgm vmpídkyky ejgjpmnm vlp dm nj dmy bjp pmhkjg~my l`yjykùg vlp jd mgídkyky { yj qkjplg jhvpjymy kgimvmijy nj nmp zg vmyl ykg }zj dmy vkjmy nj yz plhvjim`jmy jy~zqkjpmg ~lnmy vzjy~my jg yz dzemp' Dmy jhvpjymy yj m~myimplg jg hjnkl nj dm pkeknj }zj dj nkjplg md vdmg nj

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DÈM^J (

Dm nëimnm nj dly libjg~my yj impmi~jpkù vlp zgm knjldleèm ilgyjpqmnlpm$ vlp dmy njypjezdmpkmikùg ezm~jhmd~jim$ vlp zg

jgamyèy jg jd kgnkqknzl { jg dm bm`kdknmn njd jhvpjympkl' M hjnknm }zj dly hlnjdly nj vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim im{jplg jg njyepmikm =;29+ dmy lpemgkmiklgjy híy jrk~lymy azjplg m}zjddmy }zj plhvkjplg ilg dly qkjoly hldnjy$ }zj gl jr~pmvldmplg dkgjmdhjg~j

jd vpjyjg~j ykgl }zj ipjmplg zgm qkykùg njd az~zpl' Njympplddj zgm qkykùg kgyvkpmnlpm azj jd djhm nj dm ëvlim' Dly dènjpjy qkyklgmpkly azjplg dm kgyvkpmikùg nj yzy jhvpjymy izmgnl njyipk`kjplg dl }zj vlnpèm yjp vlyk`dj { gl yj jhvjikgmplg jg yjezkp dl }zj dly hlnjdly mgmdè~kily djy njdkgjm`mg nj~mddmnmhjg~j'

@kjg jhvdjmnl jd jy~kdl qkyklgmpkl dj ddjqù lv~khkyhl m zgmy azjpmy dm`lpmdjy yzhknmy jg jd vjykhkyhl imzymnl vlp dm yk~zmikùg jilgùhkim nj dm nëimnm mg~jpklp' Jy~j jy~kdl ipjù jg dmy jhvpjymy njd vmèy ~zqkjpm dm yjgymikùg }zj

~jgèmg zg glp~j { jg dm ejg~j zg mdkikjg~j vmpm dzibmp vlp jd dlepl nj yzy myvkpmiklgjy' Ykg jh`mpel$ ilhl jg jd hlnjdl nj vdmgjmikùg$ hzibly ejpjg~jy azjplg yzvjpakikmdjy jg dm ipjmikùg nj dm qkykùg { yz dkejpjm gl dj vpjy~ù zg `zjg yjpqkikl md vplijyl' Dm qkykùg }zj jddly ~pm~mplg nj qjgnjp azj ~mg mh`kezm$ }zj gl yj nky~kgezèm nj dmy njidmpmiklgjy yl`pj dm hkykùg nj dm jhvpjym$ bmy~m jd vzg~l nj yjp keglpmnm l pknkizdkmnm' Njyvzëy nj =>Li~ =;25+$ izmgnl dm jilglhèm$ dly hjpimnly$ { dly vpjikly nj dm vplvkjnmn

jhvjmplg m imjp jyj nèm dly kgqjpyklgky~my vjpnkjplg jg ilgozg~l ijpim nj zg `kddùg nj }zj~mdjy+$ hzibly nj dly dknjpjy qkyklgmpkly azjplg kgimvmijy nj ipjmp gzjqmy qkyklgjy l nj hl~kqmp m dm ejg~j vmpm jqk~mp }zj jddmy { yzy

jhvpjymy im{jpmg jg jd m`kyhl' Jym mh`kezjnmn ipjmnm vlp zgm qkykùg kgmvplvkmnm azj ~mg azgjy~m ilhl dm vplnziknm vlp dm kgadjrk`kdknmn jg dm

jojizikùg njd vdmg ilpvlpm~kql' 65=01660 t MVDKIMIKÙG NJ DM VJM JG DMY JHVPJYMY NJ EZM^JHMDM

==

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

Jg dly vpkhjply mýly nj dm nëimnm nj dly glqjg~my jg jd vmèy$

yzpekjplg

gzjqly

dènjpjy

}zj

ylp~jmplg

jrk~lymhjg~j jd imly }zj jy~m`m vplnzikjgnl dmy njhmgnmy nj zgly

ilgyzhknlpjy híy ylaky~kimnly$ gzjqmy alphmy nj ilhvj~jgikm$ jd vlnjp nj dm ~jigldleèm$ zgly hjpimnly akgmgikjply khvpjnjik`djy { zgmy vldè~kimy jilgùhkimy nj ibl}zj' Dmy ilhvmýèmy }zj pjyvlgnkjplg m ëy~my gzjqmy ilgnkiklgjy njy`dl}zjmgnl yzy jy~pzi~zpmy { vplijyly$ dk`jpmgnl m yzy jhvdjmnly nj dm pkeknj nj dly

hmgzmdjy$ nígnldjy yky~jhmy nj ylvlp~j$ ipjmgnl ilhzgkn mnjy nj dknjpjy { mvpjgnkijy$ vznkjplg ylp~jmp dmy yk~zmiklgjy yÿ`k~mhjg~j imh`kmg~jy { hmg~jgjp jd `zjg njyjhvjýl nj yzy gjelikly' L~ply jg imh`kl$ im{jplg jg zgm ~pm{ji~lpkm jppí~kim$ azjplg kgimvmijy nj yl`pjqkqkp m dm ~jgykùg nj dly imh`kly mvmpjg~jhj g~j kgjrvdkim`djy nj dm njhmgnm { mnlv~mplg zgm qmpkjnmn imh`kmg~j nj jy~pm~jekmy


=0

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

VDMGKAKIMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM MVDKIMNM JG DMY JHVPJYMY EZM^JHMD^JIMY Ipjl }zj vjgymp jy~pm~ëekimhjg~j jy zgm izmdknmn hz{ jakim }zj nj`j yjp z~kdkmnm vlp dly nkpji~lpjy$ ejpjg~jy { ~lnmy m}zjmy vjpylgmy }zj nkpkomg zgm

lpemgkmikùg vmpm jdm`lpmp dly vdmgjy$ dmhjg~m`djhjg~j dmhjg~m`djhjg~j jg Ezm~jhmdm gzjy~pm gzjy~pm izd~zpm { gzjy~pm alphm nj vjgymp gl jy nj zgm alphm jy~pm~ëekim nl gnj imnm jy~pm~jekm jy vdmgjmnm ilg yzhl izknmnl { nj zgm alphm ipjm~kqm jy~í

jgalimnm m dmy hj~my { yk dl jy~íg gl ykjhvpj vpjqëg jd az~zpl { jd mdimgij nj imnm jy~pm~jekm { gzgim zymhly nj zgm alphm ilgyikjg~j { jakikjg~j dly pjizpyly jg dmy jhvpjymy nlgnj dm`lpmhly$ jg dl vjpylgmd hj nl{ izjg~m jg

hk imyl jg mdezgmy limyklgjy ylg vlimy+ ~jgel jrijnjg~jy nj mdeÿg hm~jpkmd hm~jpkmd ilhl jyvzhm nj dkhvkjm vmpm mdeÿg j}zkvl $ l mdezgm dkhvkm ilg~mi~ly‡' Gl nkemhly jg jd pjy~l nj dmy jhvpjymy nj gzjy~pl hjnkl$ ipjl }zj nj`jpèmhly

mvdkimp dly vpkgikvkly nj dm VJM nlgnj gly hjgiklgm jg mdeÿg jgzgikmnl njd dk`pl nj ~jr~l }zj ~lnly dly hkjh`ply nj dm lpemgkmikùg ykg khvlp~mp jd impel }zj lizvjg nj`jg jy~mp ilhvplhj~knly ilg dmy hj~my nj dm jhvpjym jy~l

yjpèm mdkgjmpyj ilg dmy jy~pm~jekmy { nj mdezgm hmgjpm qjp ilhl ilg~pk`zkp ilg jddmy jy~l njynj jd zyl jakikjg~j nj pjizpyly kgidzyl jg gzjy~pl iùnkel nj ~pm`mol gly nkij }zj dl nj`jhly nj bmijp'

`' jojiz~mp jd ~pm`mol ilg jakikjgikm izknmnl { jyhjpl jg jd ~kjhvl ilgqjgknl i' `zjg zyl nj dly kgy~pzhjg~ly { hm~jpkmdjy vplvlpiklgmnly n' `zjgmy ily~zh`pjy jg jd ~pm`mol'


=9

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

Gl jy hk lòj~kql m`mpimp ilgijv~ly nj }zj jy zgm jhvpjym gk ilhl

iùhl jg gzjy~pl vmèy jy~m`djijpdm ykgl jrvdkimp nj hmgjpm ilgikym { idmpm nj iùhl jg dmy jhvpjymy mvdkimg l nj`jpèmg nj mvdkimp zgm vdmgkakimikùg jy~pm~ëekim mvdkimnm m dmy hj~my }zj nj`jpèmg nj dlepmp l mdimgmp' Ilg jy~l dj nl{ dm `kjgqjgknm }zjpknl dji~lp m jy~j ~pm`mol }zj jy jd pjyzd~mnl nj zgm vplazgnm

kùg { pjadjrkùg nj iùhl jy~íg mvdkimgnl dmy jhvpjymy bl{ jg nèm jg kgqjy~kemi kùg Ezm~jhmdm dm vdmgkakimikùg jy~pm~ëekim mvdkimnm '

( ( ( ( Gjp{ Ymhzjd Vmim{ nj Vm ( ( ( (

DMY JHVPJYMY JG EZM^JHMDM Jg hk Ezm~jhmdm

dmy jhvpjymy nj`jg vjgymp vjgymp jg dmy gjijyknmnjy gjijyknmnjy gl yldl

mi~zmdjy ykgl az~zpmy nj yzy idkjg~jy { nj mdezgm alphm yjp vplmi~kqly ilhl ilg~m`m zgm ~z~lpm nj hk zgkqjpyknmn? zg kgnkqknzl zg nèm jhvjù m bmijp zgmy

vjdl~my nj ijhjg~l vkg~mnmy jg alphm nj `mdùg { m ildlimpdmy jg dm imddj vlp nlgnj ~jgèm yz ilgyzd~lpkl }zj yk jy~j kgnkqknzl pjyzd~l yjp zg jyvjikmdky~m jg

apmi~zpmy3 dm vdmgjmikùg ~pm~m ilg jd az~zpl nj dmy njikyklgjy mi~zmdjy l`yjpqmgnl dmy ilgyjizjgikmy { jaji~ly nj dmy njikyklgjy m ikjp~l ~kjhvl

jymy nj`jpèm nj jgalimpyj m vpjy~mp zg nj~jphkgmnl nj jy~m alphm dmy jhvp jymy hjolp yjpqkikl myè ilhl jd nli~lp njd pjdm~l gl yldl ipjl yz lvlp~zgknmn nj hjpimnl ykgl vdmgkakil vpjy~mp zg yjpqkikl nj~jphkgmnl'

Dmy njikyklgjy pjmdjy l kg~jgiklgmnmy }zj ~lhm dm nkpjiikùg l ejpjgikm ~kjgj zg jaji~l jg jd az~zpl { jg iùhl yj pjdmiklgmg dmy mi~kqknmnjy mi~ÿmdj3 { jg dl

}zj yj gjijyk~m bmijp jg zg az~zpl$ vlp hjgiklgmp jg hk ikznmn bm`èm zg 65=01660 t MVDKIMIKÙG NJ DM VJM JG DMY JHVPJYMY NJ EZM^JHMDM

=>

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

`mgil }zj yk pjmdhjg~j dm ejpjgikm yj bz`kjpm hmg~jgknl m zgm qkykùg { zgm hkykùg { m dm vdmgkakimikùg ilgy~m g~j nj jy~pm~jekmy mvdkimnmy md pmhl `mgimpkl gl yldl dmy njikyklgjy ilppji~my yjeÿg jd vdmg jy~pm~ëekil bz`kjpm kgadzknl jg jd az~zpl nj dm jhvpjym jg jy~j imyl njd `mgil$ { gl yldl maji~l m dly jhvdjmnly kg~jpgl+ ykgl m dly hzibly idkjg~jy }zj ~jgkmy yzy izjg~my `mgimpkmy'

Jy vlp jyl }zj ilg zgm `zjgm jy~pm~jekm dmy

jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy ~jgnpèmg zg hmvm njd imhkgl }zj nj`jg yjezkp$ nlgnj yj pj}zkjpj nkpkekp$ }zj pz~m ~lhmp$ { }zj jy dm jhvpjym$ m nlgnj myvkpm ddjemp$ jy hz{ l`qkl }zj bm`dl nj

hkykùg$ qkykùg$ pldjy$ vdmgkakimikùg$ jy~pm~jekmy$ nky~pk`zikùg nj mz ~lpknmn jy vlp jyl }zj hz{ m hjgznl qjhly }zj }zj jg ikjg~ly nj jhvpjymy jhvpjymy m`pjg yzy vzjp~my { m dly vlily hjyjy ikjppmg vlp}zj yj qkgkjplg m`mol'

[ gl bm`dl izjg~ly ilymy ilhl hkykùg { qkykùg dmy ~jgnpèm }zj ~jgjp izmd}zkjp

jhvpjym m}zè m}zè jg Ezm~jhmdm gl khvlp~mgnl yz ~mhmýl yk gl m }zj }zj myvkpm dm jhvpjym }zj jy dl }zj }zkykjpm yjp$ jg Il`íg ylg vlimy vlp gl njikp gkgezgm nj dmy ddmhmnmy vj}zjýmy vj}zjýmy jhvpjym vlyjj zgm qkykùg gk hkykùg yz ÿgkim pmùg pmùg jy ejgjpmp zg ikjp~m img~knmn nj emgmgikmy hkjg~pmy }zj yk hky vmkymgly

~zqkjpmg jy~ly jdjhjg~ly ~mg khvlp~mg~jy ~jgnpèm }zj vdmýjpm impnm jy~pm~jekm vmpm ddjemp m dm qkykùg nj dl }zj mgbjdmg }zj yzy jhvpjymy yjmg' y jmg'

Ilhl hjgiklgm`m zg jgzgikmnl jg jd dk`pl nj ~jr~l nj VJM nj dm jnk~lpkmd Hi Epmu Bkdd }zj imhkgl nj`jhly ~lhmp ~lnl njvjgnj m nlgnj }zjpjhly ddjemp {

yk gl ym`jhly m nùgnj gly nkpkekhly gl khvlp~m }zë imhkgl ~lhmp' 65=01660 t MVDKIMIKÙG NJ DM VJM JG DMY JHVPJYMY NJ EZM^JHMDM

=:

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

Jyl jy myè dmhjg~m`djhjg~j jg Ezm~jhmdm ~jgjhly zgm izd~zpm nlgnj gzjy~pm alphm nj vjgymp jy ijppmnm izmnpmnm ilhl zg iz`l { ~lnmy dmy jhvpjymy pmpm qj vdmgkakimg ~lhmy dmy njikyklgjy izmgnl yj vpjyjg~mg { yjdjiiklgmg dl }zj

yjeÿg jy hjolp$ vjpl gl jy~íg mdkgjmnly ilg zgm qkykùg nj ipjikhkjg~l { ilhl jy nj jyvjpmp gl bm{ zg vdmg { vlp ilgykezkjg~j gzgim yj ~kjgj zg ilgijv~l nj

izíg epmgnj jy jd jaji~l nj dmy njikyklgjy'

Dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy ykg khvlp~mp khvlp~mp jd ~mhmýl pmpm qj

yj

mvdkim$

hkjg~pmy

}zj

vznkjpm

ilgqjp~kpyj jg zgm bjppmhkjg~m ejpjgikmd khvlp~mg~j'

Ilhl ym`jhly dm vdmgjmikùg ~m~m ilg jd az~zpl nj dmy njikyklgjy mi~zmdjy jy vlp jyl

}zj yj nj`jpèm ~jgjp ilglikhkjg~l nj dly jaji~ly nj jy~my'


=1

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

Ilhl ym`jhly dm jyjgikm nj vdmgjmp ilgyky~j jg knjg~kakimp dmy lvlp~zgknmnjy }zj dl jr~jpgl gly vzjnm vpjyjg~mp myè ilhl dmy mhjgmmy }zj vzjnj yzpekp ~lnl jy~l jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy pmpm qj yj mgmdkmg { hjgly yj ~lhmg ilhl `myj jg jd mvl{l jg dm ~lhm nj njikyklgjy$ Jg Ezm~jhmdm ylg vlimy dmy jhvpjymy }zj vdmgjmy { nkyjýmg zg az~zpl }zj njyjmg mdimgmp { ykjgnl vplmi~kqly' Yk gl bmijg vdmgjy hjgly jy~pm~jekmy$ { dmy pmlgjy qmdknmy

ilgyknjpl vmpm vmpm ddjqmp dm VJM

jy }zj }zj hjolpm jd njyjhvjýl$ njyjhvjýl$ jy~khzdm zg

vjgymhkjg~l vplmi~kql vplmi~kql { ipjm~kql ipjm~kql ykjgnl vplmi~kqly yj dzibm yj yj ~pm`mom vmpm dlepmp dmy hj~my { lòj~kqly$

Jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy ezm~jhmd~jimy jy jr~pmýl jr~pmýl qjp }zj yj kgqldzipjg ~l~mdhjg~j jg jd vplijyl nj dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim mvdkimnm dl }zj gly kgnkim }zj gl mgmdkmg dly ami~lpjy jr~jpgly { dly kg~jpgly3 vlp jgnj gzgim ym`jg izíd jy dm

hkykùg { dm qkykùg nj jy~my jhvpjymy$ jrky~j jg m}zjly ezm~jhmd~jily }zj ylg hkjh`ply ezèm nj nj jy~my jhvpjym zgm epmg amd~m nj kg~jpëy { nj ilhvplhkyl ilg dm alphzdmikùg alphzdmikùg nj jy~pm~jekmy jy~pm~jekmy }zj ddjqjg vmyl m vmyl vmyl jy~pm~ëekimhjg~j md dlepl nj hj~my { lòj~kqly njyjmnly' Yjpèm zg epmg mqmgij vmpm gzjy~pm ilhzgknmn jhvpjympkmd jhvpjympkmd jd zyl mnjizmnl nj VJM {m }zj vlp jy~j ilgozg~l ilgozg~l nj

vplijyly yj vlnpèm njiknkp nj mg~jhmgl }zj ~kvl nj jyazjply nj`jg bmijpyj$ izmgnl$ ilhl$ }zkjg$ }zj yj bmpí ilg jy~l$ Dm mvdkimikùg nj dm VJM gly nmpèm m ~lnly dly ezm~jhmd~jily zgm mi~k~zn ejpjgikmd vlyk~kqm jg dm qknm 65=01660 t MVDKIMIKÙG NJ DM VJM JG DMY JHVPJYMY NJ EZM^JHMDM

=5

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

lpemgkmiklgmd nlgnj ~lnly mi~zmpèmhly ilg `myj jg dm l`yjpqmikùg njd az~zpl

{ gly nmpèm zgm nj~jphkgmikùg vmpm vdmgjmp ilgy~m g~jhjg~j' Yk jg gzjy~pm ilhzgknmn dmy jhvpjymy vzykjpmg jyvjikmd m~jgikùg m dm knjg~kakimikùg j kg~jpvpj~mikùg nj dly imh`kly }zj vznkjpmg lizppkp jg gzjy~pl jg~lpgl ilhl vlp hjgiklgmp dly imh`kly ~jigldùekily$ ym`jhly }zj m gzjy~pl vmèy dly imh`kly ~jigldùekily gl yzijnjg nj alphm epmnzmd qjhly }zj dm ~jigldleèm mqmgm nj zgm alphm ~pjhjgnmhjg~j qjdl$ híy nj dl }zj jg pjmdknmn jy$ vlp njikp hzibly gl gly mily~zh`pmhly m dm knjm nj hkepmp gzjy~pl yky~jhm lvjpm~kql RV m qky~m$ yjg~khly }zj ~jgjhly }zj vlgjpgly md

nèm hkjg~pmy }zj Ukgnluy qky~m

{m

jy

vmp~j

njd

vmymnl dl mi~zmd jy jd yky~jhm nj Ukgnluy 5 l

—Ukgnluy hzibly

Yjqjg‘$ nj

{ dly

ezm~jhmd~jily gk yk }zkjpm ym`kmy nj dm jrky~jgikm$ jy~mhly ~pky~jhjg~j m gzgim qjp$ jqmdzmp$ mgmdkmp$ { ilhvpjgnjp dl }zj yzijnj jg gzjy~pl jg~lpgl$ bm`dl yldl nj yky~jhmy

lvjpm~kqly mblpm khmekgëhlgly }zj jy nj gzjy~pmy jhvpjymy apjg~j m dmy gzjqmy ~jgnjgikmy nj gjelikly$ ilhjpikl$ yk dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy vlp

hz{ vj}zjýmy }zj vzjnmg yjp njyjmg yl`pjqkqkp { ipjij p ~kjgjg }zj vpjlizvmpyj vlp dl }zj vmym mdpjnjnlp nj jddmy { gl }zjnmpyj vmykql l

—vmyhmnly‘' Dly yky~jhmy nj VJM nj`jg pjzgkp dly vdmgjy jy~pm~ëekily$ vplepmhmy$ vpjyzvzjy~ly$ vdmgjy lvjpm~kqly vmpm dlepmp vpkhlpnkmdhjg~j lpkjg~mpyj m dly vpkgikvmdjy lòj~kqly }zj dm jhvpjym nj`j mdimgmp vmpm ~jgjp

ërk~l' Ilhl jy idíykil jg dmy jhvpjymy nj dm ilhzgknmn ezm~jhmd~jim gl yj ddjqm dm VJM { vlp ilgykezkjg~j gzgim yj njympplddm zg vdmg nj miikùg vmpm dm vpíi~kim lvjpm~kqm nj dmy hj~my$ jg~lgijy ipjl }zj jy yzh mhjg~j khvlp~mg~j vmpm izmd}zkjp jhvpjym jhvpjym alp~mdjijp yz yz imvmiknmn vmpm mnmv~mpyj md jg~lpgl$ m 65=01660 t MVDKIMIKÙG NJ DM VJM JG DMY JHVPJYMY NJ EZM^JHMDM

=2

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

hjnknm jg }zj dmy jhvpjymy vlgemg jyvjikmdhjg~j m~jgikùg m dly imh`kly njd jg~lpgl yj jy gjijympkl knjg~kakimp m}zjly kgnkimnlpjy }zj hzjy~pjg dly imh`kly jg jd jg~lpgl'

Hj jb nmnl izjg~m }zj dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy jgizjg~pmg zgm yjpkj nj

dkhk~miklgjy l `mppjpmy vmpm jd ërk~l apjg~j m dmy izmdjy jy~my lpemgkmiklgjy nj`jpèmg jy~mp ilgykjg~jy mg~jy nj mvl{mp zg vplijyl nj vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim vplijyl$

ilhl vlp vlp jojhvdl jojhvdl jd md~l ily~l }zj kgqldzi kgqldzi pm ddjqmp m im`l zg

jrky~jgikm

nj

vpl`djhmy

kg~jpgly$

amd~m

nj

imdknmn

nj

dmy

khvdjhjg~miklgjy$ ilhvplhkyl nj dly nkpji~kqly$ milhlnl nkpji~kql$ Jg dm

pjdmikùg nj dly ily~ly gl yldl ilppjyvlgnj yldl m m}zjddly }zj jy~íg kgqldzipmnly jg dm vdmgjmikùg$ ykgl m dmy dkhk~miklgjy akgmgikjpmy nj dmy jhvpjymy'

Dl }zj nkel jy }zj yk dm lpemgkmikùg gl ~kjgj pjizpyly vmpm ddjqmp m im`l jd jyl yjpí jg qmgl' vdmg ~lnl jd vpli jyl

Myè ilhl bm{ dkhk~miklgjy ~mh`këg bm{ ami~lpjy }zj ilg~pk`z{jg md ërk~l$ ilhl jd jyazjpl { jd ilhvplhkyl nj dm ejpjgikm$ dm pj~jgikùg nj vjpylgmd idmqj$ kgijg~kqly nkpji~mhjg~j pjdmiklgmnly ilg dly lòj~kqly jy~pm~ëekily' Ykg jd lhkyl nj dmy vjpylgmy kgqldzipmnmy gl yj vlnpí ddjqmp m im`l { vlp dl ilhvp lhkyl 65=01660 t MVDKIMIKÙG NJ DM VJM JG DMY JHVPJYMY NJ EZM^JHMDM

=;

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

~mg~l gl yj vlnpí ddjqm m dm khvdjhjg~mikùg' Jd njympplddl { dm khvdmg~mikùg nj dm vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy pj}zkjpj mdel }zj jy nkaèikd jgilg~pmp jg gzjy~pl vmèy hj pjakjpl m vjpylgmd imvmik~mnl imvmik~mnl jg VJM { ilg dmy yzakikjg~jy njy~pjmy vmpm ddjqmp m im`l dmy jy~pm~jekmy yjýmdmnmy jg jd vdmg' Jy~l l`dkem m jgalimpyj jg lòj~kqly pjmdky~my'

IMPMI^JPÈY^KIMY NJ DM VDMGJMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM JG DMY JHVPJYMY EZM^JHMD^JIMY

=((( Pmpm qj gzjy~pmy jhvpjymy kgqldzipmg vdmgjmhkjg~ly jy~pm~ëekily {

mgmdkmg jg nlgnj jy~íg$ }zj bmijg jg jd vpjyjg~j$ { yk gl ym`jg jy~l gl ipjl }zj yjvmg qjp jd az~zpl nj dm jhvpjym { dly imhkgly m ~lhmp' Yk dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy azjpmg vplmi~kqmy bmikm yz az~zpl3 ~jgnpèmg vzg~ly nj qky~m bmikm

dm yk~zmikùg mi~zmd { nj dly vlyk`djy imh`kly az~zply vjphk~këgnldjy zg hjolp hmgjol nj kgikjp~l { nj dly pkjyely }zj jy~my jhvpjymy vzjnjg ~lhmp'


06

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

0 ((((Jy vlil vpl`m`dj }zj pjqkyjg ilgy~mg~jhjg~j yz hkykùg$ qkykùg$ hj~my$ {

yjpèm

hz{ vplqjiblyl }zj jy~my jhvpjymy ilglikjpmg yzy alp~mdjmy$

nj`kdknmnjy$ lvlp~zgknmnjy$ mhjgmmy' Ykg dm knjm idmpm nj yl`pj m nlgnj yj

}zkjpj ddjemp$ dmy lpemgkmiklgjy gl vlnpíg njympplddmp jy~pm~jekmy j aji~kqmy vmpm mdimgmy nkeíhlydl myè yz njy~kgl' 9 (((Jy~my jhvpjymy gl njympplddmg zg mgídkyky nj ami~lpjy kg~jpgly { jr~jpgly yl`pj yzy A L N M >(((

vmpm kgadzkp jg jd ilg~pld nj dmy jhvpjymy

Gl jy vmp~kikvm~kqm$ pmpm qj ~lnm dm lpemgkmikùg jy~í k gqldzipmnm jg jd

vplijyl nj vdmgkakimikùg Jy~pm~ëekim ykjhvpj yj njympplddm nj alphm mkydmnm vlp dly ejpjg~jy vlp}zj jg Ezm~jhmdm Ezm~jhmdm ykjhvpj vpjqmdjij jd —{l ({l‘ {l bmel jy~l {l bmel m}zjl { vlp jrvjpkjgikm ipjl }zj jg~pj hm{lp yjm dm vmp~kikvmikùg nj ~lnly dly jdjhjg~ly njd vjpylgmd hjolpjy pjyzd~mnly ~jgnpèmg'

JG JD ILG^JR^L EZM^JHMD^JIL? DM VDMGJMIKÙG VDMGJMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM MVDKIMNM Dm vpíi~kim nj dm VJM jg jd hjnkl ezm~jhmd~jil jgapjg~m epmgnjy dkhk~miklgjy }zj qmg njynj jd njyilglikhkjg~l nj yz khvlp~mgikm mdel }zj jg dl vjpylgmd hj imzym mdel nj pkym vlp}zj ilhl jy vlyk`dj }zj dmy jhvkjijg m }zjpjp ipjijp yk gl ylg imvmijy nj vdmgjmp ilppji~mhjg~j { nj alphm jy~pm~ëekim$ dm

hj~lnldleèm j khvdkimiklgjy jg dmy lpemgkmiklgjy jy mdel }zj jy vjpl lizvmg~j vlp}zj hggg nkemhly }zj gl jrky~j' Jg dmy jhvpjymy ibmvkgmy qjhly dm mzyjgikm nj zgm

izd~zpm

lpemgkmiklgmd }zj jy~ë vdjgmhjg~j jgalimnm m

dm nkpjiikùg jy~pm~ëekim'


0=

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

Jg ~lnmy dmy jhvpjymy izmgnl yj kgkikm mdeÿg vplijyl nj vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim yj bmij zg ~mddjp m hmgjpm nj }zj yjm kg~plnzi~lpkl md ~jhm }zj yj nj ddjemp m pjmdkmp vjpl jg gzjy~pl hjnkl bj dlepmnl l`yjpqmp }zj dly nkpji~kqly { dly ejpjg~jy njyilglijg jd vplijyl myè ilhl yzy mdimgijy { vpj~jgyklgjy' Djèm jg djè dk`pl nj ~jr~l }zj yj vlnèm ilg~pm~mp zg ilgyzd~lp vjpl vkjgyl }zj dl hjolp }zj vzjnj ddjemp m pjmdkmp zg ilgyzd~lp jy amikdk~mpgly zg vplijyl {m ilg jy~pzi~zpm dl izmd gl empmg~km }zj jd vplijyl yj lpkjg~j l yj nkpkom m nmp dly hjolpjy }zj jd vplvkl j}zkvl kg~jpgl jg dm lpemgkmikùg yjm imvm nj nmp' L~pl epmg vpl`djhm knjg~kakimnl jg jd hjnkl ezm~jhmd~jil ezm~jhmd~jil yj

pjdmiklgm ilg dm mvm~èm nj dly hkjh`ply ezèm jg izmg~l kgqjp~kp yj jilgùhkimhjg~j { ~kjhvl

D

LY nkpji~lpjy { ejpjg~j ezm~jhmd~jily yj ezèmg jg jd ilgijv~l vlvzdmp

Nj njompdl ~lnl m ÿd ~khm blpm l glphmdhjg~j kgqkjp~jg vlil ~kjhvl

mdpjnjnlp nj =6 blpmy vmpm jy~pzi~zpmp jd vdmg jy~pm~ëekil' Hzibl nj jy~m mi~k~zn vplqkjgj nj dm impjgikm nj izd~zpm lpemgkmiklgmd vjpl ~mh`këg jd vpkgikvmd vpl`djhm nj dly ejpjg~jy ezm~jhmd~jily jy jd nj pjmdkmp dm

vdmgkakimikùg jgaliígnlyj ÿgkimhjg~j jg dmy jy~pm~jekmy vmpm jd dlepl nj lòj~kqly m ilp~l vdml'

Glphmdhjg~j dly ejpjg~jy { hkjh`ply ezèmy ~kjgnjg m ilglijp hz{ l gmnm njd jg~lpgl jhvpjympkmd$ jy njikp njikp ~lnl dl }zj plnjm m dm jhvpjym jhvpjym }zj nkpkej' L~pl vzg~l m mgmdkmp yjpkmhjg~j jy }zj vmpm }zj dm VJM azgiklgj mvplvkmnmhjg~j yj pj}zkjpj }zj dly hkjh`ply yj kgilpvlpjg jg pjzgklgjy

vjpkùnkimy$ { }zj }zj mgmdkijg jd jg~lpgl ~jigldùekil$ vldè~kil$ jilgùhkil$ ylikmd$ njhlepíakil$ }zj maji~m m dmy jhvpjy my jg yz pmhm pmhm jy njikp m dm mi~kqknmn }zj yj njnkimg$ vmpm jy~l jd nkpji~kql njakgm mnjizmnmhjg~j ~lnly m}zjly jdjhjg~ly }zj }zj nj`jg hlgk~lpjmp { ilg}zj ilg}zj apjizjgikm'


00

YMHZJD

’

DÈM^J (

Dmhjg~m`djhjg~j jg dm pjmdknmn jhvpjympkmd ezm~jhmd~jim hz{ vjpl hz{ vlimy lpemgkmiklgjy bmg dlepmnl jy~m`djijp jy~j ~kvl nj yky~jhmy nj mgídkyky

njd jg~lpgl yzy ejpjg~jy yj jgalimg m dm vpl{jiikùg njd az~zpl { vlp dl ~mg~l dlepmg vpjnjikp dmy mhjgmm l pkjyel }zj yzy jhvpjymy vlnpèmg ~jgjp jg ikjp~my ikpizgy~mgikmy' Md gl ilg~mp ilg jy~j ~kvl nj imvmiknmn jy~pm~ëekim dly

ejpjg~jy gmnm híy yj jgalimg ~pky~jhjg~j m jy~m`djijp vplgùy~kily m = l 0 mýly dl }zj nkakizd~m jg epmg hjnknm jd vplijyl nj vdmgjmikùg jy~pm~ëekim' Yk qjp jd az~zpl nj dly ejpjg~jy ezm~jhmd~jily md mgmdkmp jd jg~lpgl ~mh`këg jrky~jg epmgnjy dkhk~miklgjy vmpm mgmdkm m yzy vplvkmy lpemgkmiklgjy$ dm epmg

hm{lpèm nj dmy jhvpjymy njd hjnkl pjmdkmg ilymy ~mg yjgikddmy { yzvjpakikmdjy ilhl zg ALNM' Yk `kjg jy~j mgídkyky ALNM jy `zjgl vjpl gl jy yzakikjg~j jg gzjy~pl hjnkl'

Jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy jy aíikd knjg~kakimp }zj dly j}zkvly nj vdmgjmikùg ~kjgjg `mol gkqjd nj dly mgídkyky nj jg~lpgl myè ilhl zg dkhk~mnl mgídkyky nj yz vplvkm lpemgkmikùg dl }zj djy bmij `my~mg~j ilhvdkimnl md hjgly kg~jg~mp nk`zomp zg az~zpl jy~pm~ëekil vmpm dm jhvpjym' Vlp ~mg~l { ~mg~l mddè pmnkim dm vpkgikvmd amddm njd vplijyl jg gzjy~pl hjnkl jy vlp jddl }zj qjhly m hz{ vlimy jhvpjymy vmymp nj dly ALNM m dly qjpnmnjply vdmgjy

jy~pm~ëekily' L~pl vzg~l jy }zj jg zg hlhjg~l dm imvmiknmn njd j}zkvl ejpjgikmd gjijyk~m zgm epmg bm`kdknmn$ vmpm vlnjp vpl{ji~mp nj alphm ilppji~m jd

khvmi~l

akgmgikjpl

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gl

njikpdl

hjpimnldùekil nj hzibmy nj dmy njikyklgjy }zj yj ~lhmg' Ilhl jy ilppjyvlgnkjg~j jg gzjy~pm izd~zpm

gzgim qjhly jd khvmi~l nj gzjy~pmy

njikyklgjy


09

YMHZJD

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DÈM^J (

YKGLVYKY NJ DM AMYJ

[ akgmdhjg~j vmpm ~jphkgmp jy~m amyj nj nj jy~j ~pm`mol }zj hj bm ymdknl ~mg `jddl

bm{ }zj yjýmdmp }zj jg jd hjnkl ezm~jhmd~jil vlp hz{ ipznl }zj yj vzjnm lèp dm epmg hm{lpèm nj jhvpjymy gl bmg vlnknl gk yk}zkjpm njympplddmp yky~jhmy nj ilg~pld vmpm yzy jy~pm~jekmy'

Jy vlp jddl }zj hzibl

nj dm vdmgkakimikùg

jy~pm~ëekim mvdkimnm jg dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy ddjem ÿgkimhjg~j m jrky~jg jg dly vmvjdjy nj dmy pjzgklgjy njd j}zkvl nj VJM yldl zgm hkglpèm nj dmy

jhvpjymy jg gzjy~pl vmèy bmg dlepmnl jy~m`djijp jd hlgk~lpjl nj dmy vpkgikvmdjy jy~pm~jekmy nj yzy lpemgkmiklgjy'

Ilhl hjgiklgm`m jd jd dk`pl nj ~jr~l njd =0 ~pkhjy~pj ~pkhjy~pj nj VJM nj`jpèmg mvdkimpyj yky~jhmy nj kgijg~kqly }zj lpkjg~jg md j}zkvl ejpjgikmd bmikm dmy hj~my jy~m`djiknmy jg dly vdmgjy' Jg dm jdm`lpmikùg nj jy~j ~pm`mol yj jrvlgjg m zy~jn }zjpknl dji~lp hzibmy njakikjgikmy nj dmy jhvpjym ezm~jhmd~jimy vlp dl

}zj dmy jhvpjymy ezm~jhmd~jimy nj`jpèmg vpjlizvmpyj jg yzvjpmp dly gkqjdjy nj ilhvj~k~kqknmn ilhvj~k~kqknmn pj}zjpknly pj}zjpknly jg jg jy~j hzgnl hzgnl edl`mdkmnl edl`mdkmnl }zj imnm imnm qj jy ~mg ilhvj~k~kql$ jd az~zpl {m ddjel'


0>

YMHZJD

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\\\\\ VMPM DM PJMDK_MIKÙG NJD VPJYJG^J ^PM@MOL HJ KGYVKPJ JG MDEZGLY JGZGIKMNLY VPLVKLY MYÈ ]ZJ HJ PJYJPQL JD NJPJIBL [ JYVJPL ]ZJ

YJM NJ Z^KDKNMN VMPM ]ZKJG MYÈ DL NJYJJ'

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VPLAJYLP NJ NKPJIIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM NKPJIIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM

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DK@PL VDMGJMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM VDMGJMIKÙG JY^PM^ËEKIM JG EZM^JHMDM

DM JY^PM^JEKM JG ZG VMGLPMHM NJ GJELIKL VJMPYLG JNZIMIKÙG 0666

DMY AZGIKLGJY NJ ZG NKPJI^KQL BMPQMPN VPJYY =;92

^BJ ILGIJV^ LA ILPVLPM^J Y^PM^JE[ NLUKPKG =;92


0:

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= B^^V?,,UUU'HLGLEPMAKMY'ILH,^PM@MOLY=0,NJPNJDK 0 B^^V?,,UUU'HLGLEPMAKMY'ILH,^PM@MOLY=0,NJPDMAMH^

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= HL^LP NJ @ßY]ZJNM ELLEDJ DKGC NJ KHÍEJGJY


01

PLANEACION ESTRATEGICA EMPRESAS GUATEMALTECAS

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