ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN……………………………………………………………………………8 TÍTULO I MARCO HISTÓRICO…………………………………………………………………….. HISTÓRICO……………………………………………………………………....9 ..9 I.
GENERALIDADES
II.
TRAMIT TRAMITE E DE LOS LOS MEDIOS MEDIOS DE DE DEFEN DEFENSA SA EN EL NUEVO NUEVO CÓDIG CÓDIGO O PROCES PROCESAL AL PENAL (ART.8º) (ART.8º)
TÍTULO II MARCO CONCEPTUAL………………………………………………………………….1 CONCEPTUAL………………………………………………………………….144 I. II.
CONCEPTO CLASIFICACIÓN
CAPÍTULO I CUESTIONES PREVIAS………………………………………………………………….15 I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VI. VII. VIII. VIII.
BASE LEGAL CONCEPTO Y NATURALEZA JURÍDICA ICA CARACTERÍSTICAS SUPUESTOS DE PROCEDENCIA DELI DELITO TOS S QUE QUE NECE NECESI SIT TAN DEL DEL REQ REQUE UERI RIMI MIEN ENTO TO DE PA PAGO OPOR OPORT TUN UNID IDAD AD PA PARA DEDU DEDUCI CIR R LA LA CUES CUESTI TION ON PREV PREVIA IA PROCEDIMIENTO EFECT EFECTO O DE SER DECLAR DECLARADA ADA FUNDAD FUNDADA A
CAPÍTULO II CUESTIONES PREJUDICIALES…………………………………………………………27 PREJUDICIALES…………………………………………………………27
I.
BASE LEGAL
II.
CONCEPTO Y NATURALEZA JURIDICA ICA
III.
CARACTERISTICAS
IV.
CLASIFICACIONES
V.
PROCEDIMIENTO
VI.
EFECTOS
VII. VII.
CUES CUESTI TION ON PRE PREJU JUDIC DICIA IAL L EN EN PROCE PROCESO SO EXT EXTRA RAP PEN ENAL AL
VIII. DIFE IFERENCIAS ENTRE LAS CUESTIONES PREVIAS Y CUESTIONES PREJUDICIALES
CAPÍTULO III EXCEPCIONES……………………………………………………………………………33 I. II. III.
GENERALIDADES CONCEPTO PROCEDIMIENTO
SUCAPÍTULO I EXCEPCIÓN DE NATURALEZA DE JUICIO I. II.
ANTECEDENTES CONCEPTO
SUCAPÍTULO II EXCEPCIÓN DE IMPROCEDENCIA DE ACCIÓN
SUTÍTULO III EXCEPCIÓN DE COSA JUZGADA
SUCAPÍTULO IV EXCEPCIÓN DE LA AMNISTÍA !
SUCAPÍTULO V EXCEPCIÓN DE PRESCRIPCIÓN I.
EFECTOS
TÍTULO III MARCO LE!AL…………………………………………………………………..………..43 CONCLUSIONES…………………………………………………………………………..47 APORTE DEL !RUPO…………………………………………………………………….48 ILIO!RA"ÍA……………………………………………………………………………49
INTRODUCCIÓN
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TÍTULO I MARCO HISTÓRICO MEDIOS T$CNICOS DE DE"ENSA
I.
CONSIDERACIONES !ENERALES
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E5$1 21%10= 0+$%&2/0$%/ $/1+1 4615 4% /+&#/2&2 /*412/% <61 51 4%*619& 6+& &00/:+ & $2&5 #6015 /+65$& 1+ 6+ 4%015 1# :%,&+ 62/0&+$1 &# **1+$ 21 El artículo I del Título Preliminar del Condigo Procesal Civil señala que: “Toda persona tiene derecho a la tutela jurisdiccional efectiva para el ejercicio o defensa de sus derechos o intereses, con sujecin a un de!ido proceso"# Este derecho tiene un contenido do!lemente valorativo: el derecho al acceso de todo ciudadano al amparo jurisdiccional $ius procedatur% & el derecho de o!tener por parte de los Tri!unales, una respuesta ra'onada, motivada & congruente, con las pretensiones interpuestas por las partes en litigio# (n derecho a la Tutela )udicial efectiva que se encuentra mutuamente implicado con un proceso con todas las garantías, a decir de *artíne' +arcía, Elena eficacia de la prue!a licita en el proceso penal: -alencia, .//., cit# P0g# .1, así tam!i2n, )a2n -allejo, *anuel, Tendencia actuales en la )urisprudencia Penal Española# +rafica 3ori'onte 4#5, 6ima7 Per8 noviem!re del .//9, cit# pp# 9 & ss#
! -54(E4 ;<44I, )orge Eduardo# 6a =efensa Penal, Tercera edicin actuali'ada, ;u!in'al7 Cul'on Editores, 9>>?, p0g# 9@@#
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II.
TRAMITE DE LOS MEDIOS DE DE"ENSA EN EL NUEVO CÓDI!O PROCESAL PENAL &ART.8'(
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TÍTULO II MARCO CONCEPTUAL MEDIOS T$CNICOS DE DE"ENSA
I.
CONCEPTO DE LOS MEDIOS T$CNICOS DE DE"ENSA
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II.
CLASI"ICACIÓN DE LOS MEDIOS T$CNICOS DE DE"ENSA
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II.
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SE!N RENA AL"ARO E+ %1&#/2&23 4+1 1+ 19/21+0/& #& */5/:+ 21 6+ %1<6/5/$ 0+2/0/:+ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 4%19/5$ 1+ #& #1; 21 *&+1%& 14%15&3 # <61 5/,+//0& <61 + '12101 & 0%/$1%/5 56'1$/95 21 +1015/2&2 21$1%*/+&25 4%1564615$5. L& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& H0+2/0/+15 21 4%1012/'/#/2&2 K3 $&*'/+ 21+*/+&2 0* %1<6/5/$ 21 &2*/5/'/#/2&2 21 41%51,6/'/#/2&2 /*4/21+ 1# 11%0/0/ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&# $/1+1 4% /+&#/2&2 4+1%51 & #& 0+$/+6&0/:+ 215&%%## 21# 4%015 1+ $&+$ &#$& 6+ %1<6/5/$ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 15410/&# ; 14%15&*1+$1 4%19/5$ 1+ #& #1;3 #& <61 21'1 51% 06*4#/2& /1#*1+$1 1+ 1# *2 ; #& %*& 0* 15$- 4%19/5$& 0* 0+2/0/:+ +1015&%/& 4&%& /+/0/&% 9-#/2&*1+$1 1# 11%0/0/ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&# ;3 4% 0+5/,6/1+$13 $&*'/+ 4&%& ,1+1%&% 1# 56'5/,6/1+$1 4%012/*/1+$ 41+&# 5/+ 9/0/ 21 +6#/2&2 21 %/,1+ 8. L5 /+15 21 #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/&3 1+ 0+0%1$ 5+ 25 @ . O%101 %15/5$1+0/& & #& /+/0/&0/:+ 21# 4%015 /*4/21 56 0+$/+6&0/:+ ;3 !. A0$6&% 0* %1*12/ 4%015&# &# 4+1% 1+ 19/21+0/& <61 1# 4%015 51 =& /+/0/&2 5/+ =&'1%51 06*4#/2 0+ #5 %1<6/5/$5 1/,/'#15 4% #& #1;. CUBAS VILLANUEVA3 V>0$%. I'>21*3 4-,. !8. REYNA ALFARO3 L6/5 M/,61#. E0140/+153 0615$/:+ 4%19/& ; 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/&# 1+ 1# 4%015 41+&#. O'. 0/$.3 4-,. !. K NOGUERA RAMOS &,%1,&@ H L& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 51 %/1+$& & #& 4%151%9&0/:+ 21 #& %*&#/2&2 #1,&# 21# 4%015 41+ ;& <61 &0$& 1+ 06&+$ 51 2& /+/0/ & 6+ 4%015 41+ 5/+ =&'1% 06*4#/2 0+ 0/1%$&5 0+2/0/+15 <61 #& #1; 15$&'#101 4&%& #& 41%51060/:+ 21 21$1%*/+&25 21#/$53 */5/:+ <61 21$1%*/+& #& +6#/2&2 21 $2 # &0$6&2. NOGUERA RAMOS3 I9-+. T%&$&25 21 #5 *12/5 21 211+5& 1+ 1# 21%10= 4%015&# 41+ G&01$& J6%>2/0&3 L/*&3 !3 4-,. . SNCEZ VELARDE3 P&'#. I'>21*3 4-,. "". 8 MIXAN MASS3 F#%1+0/. I'>21*3 4-,. ". OR? GUARDIA3 A%51+/. M&+6&# 21 21%10= 4%015&# 41+&#. O'. 0/$3 4-,. !.
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SE!N NO!UERA RAMOS L& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 15 6+ *12/ 21 211+5& 21 +&$6%& 15410/ <61 &06#$& &# 4%015&2 4&%& <61 4612& /*46,+&% #& &00/:+ 41+ %1$&%2&+2 56 0+5$/$60/:+3 21'/2 &# /+06*4#/*/1+$ 21 &#,+ &#,6+5 %1<6/5/$5 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 <61 +1015&%/&*1+$1 =& 21 06*4#/%51 &+$15 21# /+/0/ 21# 4%015 41+&#. L&5 0615$/+15 4%19/&5 + 56%,1+ 21 &5410$5 %1#&$/95 &# 4%0153 +/ 21 4%-0$/0&5 6%/52/00/+™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
SE!N URTECHO ENITES P21*5 &/%*&% <61 51 $%&$& 21 0+2/0/+15 4&%& 1# +%*&# 2151+9#9/*/1+$ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+ 4% # <61 21 &#$&% 15&5 0+2/0/+153 1# 4%015 + 46121 0+$/+6&% 9-#/2&*1+$13 ; 4% $&+$3 21'1 &+6#&%513 462/+251 /+/0/&% 6+& 917 <61 51 56'5&+1 #& */5/:+ /+06%%/2&3 # <61 0+5$/$6;1 6+ %1#1 21 56 0&#/2&2 21 4%1564615$ 4%015&#
. L& 20$%/+& %10+01 <61 5+ %1<6/5/$5 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 $2&5 &<61##&5 0&65&5 <61 0+2/0/+&+ 46+$6&#*1+$1 1# 11%0/0/ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&# ; <61 5/+ 56 4%151+0/& + 15 45/'#1 4%911%#& +/ 55$1+1%#1 1+ 1# $%&+506%5 21# 4%015 41+&#. E+ 5>3 #5 %1<6/5/$5 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 0+5$/$6;1+ 91%2&21%5 4%1564615$5 4%015. L5 4%1564615$5 4%015 5+ 0/%06+5$&+0/&5 <61 21'1+ 2&%51 1+ 1# 0&5 0+0%1$3 4&%& <61 4612& ##19&%51 & 0&' 6+ 4%015 41+&#. A5/*/5*3 #5 4%1564615$5 4%015 21'1+ 2/5$/+,6/%51 $&+$ 21 #5 1#1*1+$5 21# $/4 41+&# (/*46$&0/:+ '1$/9&3 2#3 0+56*&0/:+3 1$0.) 0* 21 #&5 0+2/0/+15 '1$/9&5 21 46+/'/#/2&2. A $%&95 21 #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 51 /21+$//0& 21$1%*/+&25 21#/$5 <61 + 46121+ 41%51,6/%513 15 210/%3 %15410$ 21 1##5 + 46121+ 2/0$&%51 6+& %15#60/:+ 5'%1 1# +2 4% 9>& 4%015&# 9/&'#13 5/+ <61 1# #15/+&2 6 $%& 41%5+& =&;& *&+/15$&23 4% 5/3 56 9#6+$&2 41%51,6/%#. A5> #5 0&55 1+ <61 51 46121+ 4%151+$&% 5+@ . D1#/$5 21 /+5$&+0/& 4%/9&2&. !. A6$%/7&0/:+ 4&%& 4%0121% ; 0+51+$/*/1+$ 21 #& &6$%/2&2. ". P%+6+0/&*/1+$ 21 #& &6$%/2&2 5'%1 1# '1$ 21# 4%015. K L&5 0+2/0/+15 %1<6/5/$5 4%19/5 + 0+5$/$6;1+ 1#1*1+$5 %11%/25 & #5 $/45 41+ 1+ 4&%$/06#&%3 5/+ <61 5# 51 $%&$& 21 *1%5 %1<61%/*/1+$5 21 >+2#1 4%015&# <61 0+2/0/+&+ 1# /+/0/ 21# 4%015 41+&#. E+ 21/+/$/9&3 5+ 91%2&21%5
URTECO BENITES3 S&+$5 E6,1+/. L5 *12/5 21 211+5& $0+/05 ; 1# +619 4%015 41+&# 41%6&+. O'. 0/$3 4-,. . URTECO BENITES3 S&+$5 E6,1+/. L5 *12/5 21 211+5& $0+/05 ; 1# +619 4%015 41+&# 41%6&+. O'. 0/$3 4-,. ! K VID SAN MARTIN CASTRO3 C15&%. O'. 0/$3 4-,5. "KK3". 1+ 1# */5* 51+$/23 51&#& URTECO BENITES@E5$ 560121@ &) 1+ #5 21#/$5 41%51,6/'#15 4% <61%1##& ') 1+ #5 0&55 21 &6$%/7&0/:+ 4&%& 4%0121% ; 0) 1+ #5 564615$5 1+ <61 #& #1; 1/,1 #& /+$1%91+0/:+ 4%19/& 21 6+& &6$%/7&0/:+ 4% *12/ 21 %15#60/:+ 0+01%+/1+$1 &# '1$ 21# 4%0153 4-,. !. "
'5$-06#5 4%015 <61 =&; <61 5 &% 4&%& <61 <6121 1412/$ 1# /+/0/ 21# 4%015 41+&# . E+ 15$1 51+$/2 #& 6%/54%621+0/& 51&#&@ HL& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 15 6+& 0+2/0/:+ '1$/9& 21 46+/'/#/2&2 <61 0+5$/$6;1 6+& 0+2/0/:+ 21 4%012/'/#/2&23 &21*-5 21 51% &1+& & #& 1/5$1+0/& 21 #& &00/:+ 0%/*/+5& ; & #5 1#1*1+$5 0+5$/$6$/95 21 15$&3 41% 06;& 151+0/& 15 +1015&%/& 4&%& #& 4%012/'/#/2&2 4&%& 1# /+/0/ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+ ; */1+$%&5 + 0+06%%& + =&; +/ 46121 =&'1% &00/:+ 41+&# 1+ 06%5 8. U+ 510$% 21 #& 20$%/+& 4%015&# 55$/1+1 <61 #& +&$6%& 6%>2/0& 21 #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 15 21 >+2#1 565$&+0/ 1+ 1# 51+$/2 <61 0+5/21%&+ <61 H#& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 15 6+& 0+2/0/:+ '1$/9& 21 46+/'/#/2&23 1+ $&+$ =& 5/2 565$/$6/2 0* %1<6/5/$ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 21 41%51,6/'/#/2&2 21# 21#/$3 1+ #& 4%4/&5 +%*&5 46+/$/9&5 <61 0+/,6%&+ 15$-+ 9/+06#&2&5 0+ #& 0+/,6%&0/:+ 21# 21#/$ . C%11*5 <61 #& +&$6%& 6%>2/0& 21 #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& %&2/0& 1+ #& /+'51%9&+0/& 21 6+ %1<6/5/$ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 15$&'#10/25 1+ #& #1; 41+&# <61 0+2/0/+&+ 1# /+/0/ 9&#/2 21# 11%0/0/ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+ $2& 9173 <61 #&5 0+2/0/+15 '1$/9&5 21 46+/'/#/2&2 51 6+2&*1+$&+ 1+ 0+5/21%&0/+15 565$&+$/9&5 <61 &10$&+ & #& +1015/2&2 21 41+& */1+$%&5 <61 #&5 0+2/0/+15 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 + /+0/21+ 4&%& +&2& 1+ #& 46+/'/#/2&2 21# 21#/$ ; 5#&*1+$1 0+0/1%+1+ & #& &2*/5/'/#/2&2 21 56 41%51060/:+ 4%015&#!. L & + 4%151+0/& 21 6+& 0+2/0/:+ '1$/9& 21 46+/'/#/2&2 /*4%$& #& 9/#&0/:+ 21# 21'1% 21 + 46+/%3 */1+$%&5 <61 #& + 4%151+0/& 21 6+& 0+2/0/:+ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 $%&1 0+5/, #& 9/#&0/:+ 21 + 4%0121%. E+ 21/+/$/9&3 0* 51&#& SAN MARTIN CASTRO!3 #& &651+0/& 21 6+& 0+2/0/:+ '1$/9& 21 46+/'/#/2&2 +/1,& #& 1/5$1+0/& 21# 21#/$3 */1+$%&5 <61 #& + 0+5/21%&0/:+ 21# %1<6/5/$ 4%015&# 2154#/1,& 46%&*1+$1 1# 110$ 21 21&% /*4%167,&2& #& &00/:+3 ;& <61 1# =10= 5/,61 5/1+2 1+ %/,% 46+/'#1 &5> # 21*615$%&+ #&5 0/%06+5$&+0/&5 21 <61 #& 0+2/0/:+ 4&%& 4%0121% 4621 NOGUERA RAMOS3 I9-+. 4-,. . 8 LA ROSA GOMEZ DE LA TORRE3 M/,61#3 J6%/54%621+0/& 21# 4%015 41+&# 56*&%/3 K3 12/$%/&# G%/#1;3 L/*&3 3 4-,. "8". URTECO BENITES3 S&+$5 E6,1+/. O'. 0/$3 4-,. ! ! SAN MARTIN CASTRO3 C15&%. D1%10= P%015&# P1+&#. S1,6+2& E2/0/:+3 $* I!K3 4&,."!.A,%1,& <61@ HE# R1<6/5/$ 21 4%1012/'/#/2&2 15 6+& 0+2/0/:+ 21 '51%9&0/:+ '#/,&$%/& 4&%& 1# M/+/5$1%/ P'#/0 ; 1# P21% J62/0/&#. ! SAN MARTIN CASTRO3 C15&%. D1%10= P%015&# P1+&#. O' 0/$. 4-,. "".
06*4#/%51 1+ 6+ **1+$ 45$1%/% ;3 1+ &$1+0/:+ & 1##3 =&01% &0$/'#1 #& 41%51060/:+ 21# 0*4%$&*/1+$ 46+/'#1. A5/*/5*3 #& 4%151+0/& 21 #5 %1<6/5/$5 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 '12101 & 6+ 0%/$1%/ + 5# 4%015 5/+ $&*'/+ 21 0+5/21%&0/+15 21 4#>$/0& 0%/*/+&# %/1+$&2& & /*412/% #& /+*12/&$17 21 #&5 21+6+0/&53 19/$&+2 #& 4%10/4/$&0/:+ 21# 11%0/0/ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&# 1+ 1# 0&5 21 0/1%$5 /#>0/$5 51#10$/9&*1+$1 4%19/5$5. !!
III.
CARACTERÍSTICAS L&5 0&%&0$1%>5$/0&5 <61 4%151+$& 5+ #&5 5/,6/1+$15@ . E5 6+ %1<6/5/$ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 06; 06*4#/*1+$ 51 1/,1 1+ #& #1; 41+&# 4&%& <61 6+ =10= 51& 0+5/21%&2 21#/$.
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IV.
SUPUESTOS DE PROCEDENCIA 1. L& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 4%0121 06&+2 #& #1; 15$&'#101 0/1%$5 %1<6/5/$5 1+ 21$1%*/+&25 $/45 41+ 1$%& 41+ <61 51 21'1+ 21 &0$6&% 4%19/&*1+$1 4&%& #& 4%0121+0/& 21 #& A00/:+ P1+&#.
!! ABANTO REVILLA3 C15&% ; DAGNINO ARRIARN3 G/+. H1# %1<6/5/$ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 4&%& 1# 11%0/0/ 21 6+& &00/:+ 41+&# 1+ *&$1%/& 4%9/5/+&#. O' 0/$. 4-,. "
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A. EN LOS DELITOS DE ACCION PRIVADA
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. DELITOS UE REUIEREN AUTORIACION DE LA AUTORIDAD COMPETENTE PARA DENUNCIAR
1. E5$1 4%1564615$ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 0+5/5$1 1+ <61 0/1%$5 /#>0/$5 41+ $/1+1+ 0* 0+2/0/:+ 4%19/& 4&%& 56 41%51060/:+ #& &6$%/7&0/:+3 1# 41%*/5 1# 0+51+$/*/1+$ 21 #& &6$%/2&2 0*41$1+$1. E+ %1&#/2&23 15$5 21#/$5 51 4%151+$&+ 1+ 1# *&%0 21 /+5$/$60/+15 15$&$ 0*4#1&53 1+ #&5 06 1/5$1 6+ 214&%$&*1+$ 6%>2/0 1+0&%,&2 21 19&% #5 =10=5 *&$1%/& 21 /*46$&0/:+.
2. A5>3 4% 11*4# 1+ #5 0&55 21 21+6+0/&5 4%151+$&2&5 4% #5 �× 4%9/+0/ 2/5$%/$™ 1+ 0&5 21 4%15/21+$15 21 R1,/:+ 21'1+ &262/0&%51 & #& 21+6+0/&3 1# A0$& 21 S15/:+ 21 C+51 1+ 1# 06&# 51 &6$%/7& &# � 4%15/21+$1 21 R1,/:+ & 21+6+0/&% 21#/$5 1+ <61 51 91 &10$&2 #& M6+/0/4&#/2&2 #& R1,/:+. ! SAN MARTIN CASTRO3 C15&%. D1%10= P%015&# P1+&#. O' 0/$. 4-,. "KK
C. DELITOS UE REUIEREN PRONUNCIAMIENTO DE LA AUTORIDAD SORE EL OJETO JURIDICO DE LA DENUNCIA 1. E5$1 564615$ 1/5$1 06&+2 #& &6$%/2&2 0*41$1+$1 51 21'1 4%+6+0/&% 0'%1 #& *&$1%/& 21 /*46$&0/:+ 41+&# 4% 51% 15$1 <6/1+ *1% 0+01 #5 �&+015 21 56 +%*&$/9/2&2 /+$1%+& ; <6/1+ *&;%15 0+0/*/1+$5 $0+/05 4511 5'%1 #& *&$1%/& 21 /+0%/*/+&0/:+ 41+&# ;3 & #& 9173 46121 21$1%*/+&% 0+ *&;% 1&0$/$62 #5 41%6/0/5 0&5/+&25 0+ 1# 21#/$.
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3. O$% 11*4# +5 $%&1 1# 21#/$ 21 &'65 21 421% 10+:*/03 5&+0/+&2 4% 1# &%$>06# !"! 21# C:2/, P1+&# 1+ 0+0%2&+0/& 0+ 1# &%$>06# 21# 210%1$ #1,/5#&$/9 N3 1# /50&# 21 #& I+915$/,&0/:+ P%14&%&$%/& 5:# 4%*91%-
#& A00/:+ P1+&# 4% 21+6+0/& 21 #& C*/5/:+ 21 L/'%1
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V.
DELITOS UE NECESITAN DEL REUERIMIENTO DE PA!O
!K E+ 15$1 */5* 51+$/2 URTECO BENITES3 S&+$5 E6,1+/. O'. 0/$3 4-,. !
8
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VI.
OPORTUNIDAD PARA DEDUCIR LA CUESTION PREVIA
1. E# **1+$ 0%%10$ 4&%& 4#&+$1&% 6+& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 21'1 51% 215465 21 +$//0&2& #& 2/545/0/:+ 21 %*&#/7&0/:+ ; 0+$/+6&0/:+ 21 #& /+915$/,&0/:+ 4%1#/*/+&% ; =&5$& #& 1$&4& /+$1%*12/&3 $1+/1+2 0* #>*/$1 4&%& 56 /+$1%45/0/:+ 2/17 2>&5 0+$&25 & 4&%$/% 21# 2>& 5/,6/1+$1 21 +$//0&2& #& &065&0/:+3 $&# 0* # 15$&'#101 1# #/$1%&# ') 21# &%$>06# " 21# C:2/, P%015&# P1+&#.
VII.
PROCEDIMIENTO
! EXP.N8L/*&3 S1+$1+0/& 21 21 2/0/1*'%1 21 3 1+ LA ROSA GOMEZ DE LA TORRE3 M/,61#. I'>21*3 4-,.!
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7. E+ 1# 0&5 <61 51& 21260/2 1+ 1$&4& /+$1%*12/&3 #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 46121 %15#91%51 /+*12/&$&*1+$1 1+ #& &62/1+0/& +/0& 21+$% 21# $1%*/+: 21 8 =%&5 /*4%%%,&'#153 1+ 15$1 0&5 #& 210/5/:+ 51%- +$//0&2 & #&5 4&%$15 #& %15#60/:+ 2/0$&2& <61 51& &41#&2& + /*4/21 #& 0+$/+6&0/:+ 21# 4%012/*/1+$3 1+ 0+0%2&+0/& 0+ 1# &%$>06# "! +6*1% ; " 21# C:2/, P%015&# P1+&#.
VIII.
E"ECTO DE SER DECLARADA "UNDADA 1. D1 51% 210#&%&2& 6+2&2& #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 51 &+6#& # &0$6&2 1+ #& I+915$/,&0/:+ P%14&%&$%/&3 15$& 42%- %1/+/0/&%51 #61, 21 <61 /+0%4%1 1# %1<6/5/$ */$/23 &5> # 51&#& 1# &%$>06# +6*1%&# ! 21# C:2/, P%015&# P1+&#.
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3. E+ 21/+/$/9&3 5+ 25 #5 110$5 21 #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& 210#&%&2& 6+2&2&@
. E5 21 0&%-0$1% &+6#&$%/3 210#&%&2& <61 #& A00/:+ P1+&# 61 *&# 4%*9/2&3 + 0&'1 $%& 45/0/:+ <61 &+6#&% # &0$6&2 0+ 45$1%/%/2&2 & 1##& ;
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06*4#/*/1+$ 21 #& 0+2/0/:+ 21 4%012/'/#/2&2 15 21 1+$1+21% <61 1# 4%1564615$ 4%015&# /+06*4#/2 + 15$- 1+ 6+0/:+ & #5 561$5 4%015 &# :%,&+ 6%/52/00/+ 5/+ &# '1$ 0&65&.
!!
CAPÍTULO II CUESTIONES PREJUDICIALES I.
ASE LE!AL L& 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/&# 51 1+061+$%& %1,6#&2& 1+ 1# 0:2/, 4%015&# 41+&# 21 #& 5/,6/1+$1 *&+1%&@
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!. C* 11*4# 51 2& 1+ 1# 0&5 21 6+ 4%015 21 '/,&*/&3 1+ 1# 06&# 1# /+06#4&2
&%,6*1+$& <61 56 4%/*1% *&$%/*+/ 15 +6# ; <61 15$1 &56+$
15$- 5/1+2 1&*/+&2 1+ 5121 0/9/# 4%0121%- #& /+$1%45/0/:+ 21 #& 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/ 4615 5/ 1# 4%/*1% *&$%/*+/ 6151 210#&%&2 /+9&#/2 1+ 1# 4%015 0/9/#3 1## /+0/2/%- 2/%10$&*1+$1 1+ #& 0+/,6%&0/:+ 21# 21#/$ *&$1%/& 21 /+915$/,&0/:+ 1+ 1# 4%015 41+&#.
II.
CONCEPTO NATURALEA JURIDICA
PARA CAANELLAS E+ 1# D/00/+&%/ J6%>2/0 21 CABANELLAS3 1+0+$%&*5 <61 15$1 $%*/+ 21%/9& 21# #&$>+ H4%&1 62/0/6* <61 5/,+//0& &+$15 21# 6/0/3 ;3 4% PREJUDICIAL 51 !"
1+$/1+21 &<61## H<61 %1<6/1%1 210/5/:+ 4%19/& &# &56+$ 51+$1+0/& 4%/+0/4&#. D1 1&*1+ ; 210/5/:+ 4%1#/*/+&%3 %11%/2 & 0/1%$&5 &00/+15 ; 10140/+15.
SE!N "ENECH
P&%& 1# $%&$&2/5$& FENEC HE/5$1 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/ 1+ 1# 51+$/2 1+ <61 +615$%& #1; #&5 0+5/,+&3 06&+2 1+ 6+ 4%015 41+ &21*-5 21 #& 4%1$1+5/:+ 46+/$/9&3 51 4%1$1+21 #& &0$6&0/:+ 21 6+& 4%1$1+5/:+ + 46+/$/9& 4%162/0/&# & &<61##&3 06&+2 51 /+$1%4+1 1+ 1# */5* 4&%& <61 51 $%&5#&21 56 0+0/*/1+$ & $% $/$6#&% + 41+&# =&5$& #& %15#60/:+ 21 #& 4%162/0/&#. S1 =& 2/0= &01%$&2&*1+$13 <61 6+& 4%1$1+5/:+ 15 4%162/0/&# %15410$ & $%& 06&+2 21'& 210/2/%51 &+$15 <61 1##&3 ; 21'1 210/2/%51 &+$15 06&+2 #& %15#60/:+ <61 5'%1 1##& %10&/,& =& 21 $1+1%51 1+ 061+$& 1+ #& %15#60/:+ 5'%1 #& 51,6+2&.
SE!N "LORENCIO MIXAN MASS
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E+ 1# 21#/$ 21 '/,&*/& *&$%/*+/ /#1, 06&+2 15 +1015&%/ %106%%/% & #& 9>& 0/9/# 4&%& 21$1%*/+&% #& 9&#/217 #1,&# 21# 4%/*1% *&$%/*+/.
E+ 1# 21#/$ 0+$%& 1# 15$&2 0/9/#3 06&+2 51 %1<6/1%1 #& 210#&%&0/:+ 21 4&$1%+/2&2.
E+ 1# 21#/$ 21 &4%4/&0/:+ /#>0/$&3 06&+2 51& +1015&%/ 15$&'#101% 1# 21%10= 21 4%4/12&2 21 %1$1+1%.
!
E+ 1# 21#/$ 21 656%4&0/:+3 06&+2 51& +1015&%/ 15$&'#101% 1# 21%10= 21 4515/:+.
E+ 1# 21#/$ 21 15$&&3 06&+2 51& +1015&%/ 15$&'#101% #& 9&#/217 21# 0+$%&$.
III.
CARACTERISTICAS
E# 4%015&2 5/+ +1,&% #5 =10=5 <61 51 /*46,+&+3 ,& <61 =& 42/2 =&01% + 5+ *-5 <61 1# 11%0/0/ 21 6+ 21%10= ; <61 =& 42/2 =&01% #1,&#*1+$1 # <61 =& =10= (10/ 512 6%1 10/)3 4% # <61 1# 21#/$ 215&4&%101 21521 <61 51 %10+01 #& 0&65& 21 65$//0&0/:+.
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U+ =10= &+$1%/% 2/5$/+$ 21 #& /+%&00/:+3 ; 06;& 4%61'& 46121 =&01%51 514&%&2&*1+$1.
L& 1/5$1+0/& 21 262& 5'%1 1# 0&%-0$1% 21#/0$65 21# =10=.
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IV.
CLASI"ICACIONES
S1,+ 565 110$5 4%015™ #&5 0615$/+15 4%162/0/ 46121+ 51% 219#6$/9&5 ; + 219#6$/9&5@
A. CUESTIONES
PREJUDICIAL. !
PREJUDICIALES
DEVOLUTIVAS
O
CAUSA
S+ &<61##&5 <61 $/1+1+ 6+ 110$ 219#6$/93 1+ #& *12/2& <61 21'1+ 51% %1*/$/2&5 & 6+ J617 1$%&41+&# 0*41$1+$1 4&%& <61 #&5 %1561#9&3 1+ %&7:+ & #& *&$1%/& & 2/#60/2&%. L61, 21 1##3 21'1%-+ 51% 21961#$&5 &# J617 41+&# 4&%& <61 15$1 51 4%+6+0/1 5'%1 1# +2.
E/5$/%- 06&+2 #& %1#&0/:+ 5/$6&0/:+ 6%>2/0& 1$%& 41+&# 51& 21$1%*/+&+$1 21 #& 1/5$1+0/& /+1/5$1+0/& 21# 21#/$3 21 #& 06#4&'/#/2&2 /+01+0/& 21# /*46$&23 15$ #$/* 1+$1+2/2 0* <613 1+ 21/+/$/9&3 #& 0615$/:+ =& 21 51% 21$1%*/+&+$1 21 <61 51 4612& &/%*&% + #& %154+5&'/#/2&2 41+&# + '&5$& <61 0+2/0/+1 #& ,%&912&2 21 #& 41+& & /*4+1%.
U+& 917 56%,/2&53 1# 4%015 41+&# 51 21$/1+1 & #& 1541%& 21 56 %15#60/:+ & $%&95 21# 4%015 0%%154+2/1+$1 1+ #& 9>& 6%/52/00/+&# &6$:+*&.
L& 0&65& 4%162/0/&# 51 4%151+$&%& 5# 06&+2 #& %1#&0/:+ 6%>2/0& 1$%&41+ 41+2/1+$1 21 %15#91%3 51& 6+2&*1+$&# ; +1015&%/& 4&%& <61 1# J617 41+&# 4612& 4%+6+0/&%51 &01%0& 21 #& 1/5$1+0/& /+1/5$1+0/& 21# 21#/$ ; 21 #& %154+5&'/#/2&2 21# /*46$&2.
E# 4%+6+0/&*/1+$ 1$%&41+&# <61 %1561#91 #& 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/ $1+2%- 110$5 21 05& 67,&2&.
B. CUESTIONES
PREJUDICIALES
NO
DEVOLUTIVAS
O
PUNTO
PREJUDICIAL.
S+ &<61##&5 <613 &# 1+0+$%&%51 >+$/*&*1+$1 #/,&2&5 0+ 1# '1$ 21# 4%015 41+ + 4511+ 6+ 110$ 219#6$/9 9 210/% <613 4&%& 56 %15#60/:+ + 51%+1015&%/ <61 51 %1*/$&+ &# J617 1$%&41+&#. !K
E+ 15$1 0&53 #& 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/&# $/1+1 110$5 #/*/$&25 &# 4%015 41+ 4615 $/1+1 0* +/0 /+ 1# 4%+6+0/&*/1+$ 5'%1 1# +2 21# 4%015 41+&# 4% 1+213 + ,7& 21 110$5 21 05& 67,&2&.
T&*'/+ $1+2%- 110$ 1$1+5/9 %15410$ 21 #5 21*-5 4%015&253 5/1*4%1 ; 06&+2 51 1+061+$%1+ 1+ #& */5*& 5/$6&0/:+ 6%>2/0&.
V.
PROCEDIMIENTO
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
VI.
E"ECTOS S/ 51 210#&%& 6+2&2&3 #& I+915$/,&0/:+ P%14&%&$%/& 51 56541+21 =&5$& <61 1+ #& $%& 9>& %10&/,& %15#60/:+ /%*1. E5$& 210/5/:+ '1+1/0/& & $25 #5 /*46$&25 <61 51 1+061+$%1+ 1+ /,6&# 5/$6&0/:+ 6%>2/0& ; <61 + #& =6'/1%1+ 21260/2 (A%$. .! 21# CPP) L& 0615$/:+ 4%19/&3 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/&# ; #&5 10140/+15 21260/2&5 & &9% 21 6+ 21 #5 /*46$&25 '1+1/0/& & #5 21*-53 5/1*4%1 <61 51 1+061+$%1+ 1+ /,6&# 5/$6&0/:+ 6%>2/0& (A%$. 8.K).
VII.
!
CUESTION PREJUDICIAL EN PROCESO EXTRAPENAL
E5$/46#&2& 1+ 1# CPP '& 1# +*1+ /6%/5 21 HI+2/0/5 21 D1#/$5 1+ 4%015 1$%& 41+&# 4%0121 06&+2 1+ #& 565$1+$&0/:+ 21 6+ 4%015 1$%&41+&# &4&%170&+ /+2/0/5 21 #& 0*/5/:+ 21 6+ 21#/$ 21 41%51060/:+ 46'#/0&3 1+ 06; 0&5 1# 617 1$%& 41+&# 21 /0/ & 412/2 21 4&%$1 0*6+/0&%& &# M/+/5$1%/ P6'#/0 4&%& 1# 11%0/0/ 21 565 &$%/'60/+15 (A%$. .! 21# CPP).
VIII.
DI"ERENCIAS ENTRE LAS CUESTIONES PREVIAS CUESTIONES PREJUDICIALES
CUESTIONES PREVIAS CUESTIONES PREJUDICIALES N ,6&%2& %1#&0/:+ 0+ +/+,+ 1#1*1+$ 21# S1 %1/1%1 &# 150#&%10/*/1+$ 21 =10= 21#/0$/9. S# 1/,1 6+& %*&#/2&2 4%1564615$5 1#1*1+$5 0+5$/$6$/95 21# 4%19/5$& 1+ L1;. 21#/$. S/ 15 6+2&2& &+6#& $2 # &0$6&2 ; 51 S/ 51 210#&%& 6+2&2& 56541+21 5# 1# $/1+1 4% + /+/0/&2 1# 4%015 41+&#.
4%015 41+ ; + #& &00/:+3 =&5$& <61 51
%1561#9& ; 0+0#6;& 1# 4%015 1$%&41+&#. L& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& + %1<6/1%1 <61 L& 0615$/:+ 4%162/0/&# 5/ %1<6/1%1 21 6+& 1$%&41+&#*1+$1 51 1*/$& 210/5/:+ 5'%1 210#&%&0/:+ 1$%&41+&# <61 4%4%0/+1 6+ &#,6+5 21 #5 1#1*1+$5 21# /#>0/$ *&$1%/& 1#1*1+$ 21 6/0/ 21 6$/#/2&2 4&%& %15#91% 21 #& /+915$/,&0/:+. L& #1; 21$1%*/+&
#5
%1<6/5/$5
1# '1$ 21# 4%012/*/1+$ 41+&# 21 N 51 15$&'#101 $&&$/9&*1+$1 06&+2
4%012/'/#/2&23 # <61 =&01 -0/# 21$1%*/+&% 0%%154+21 56541+21% 1# 4%015 41+&#. 1+ <6 0&55 4%0121.
S6%,1 06&+2 =&; 6+ +1 #:,/0 6%>2/0 1+$%1 #& /*46$&0/:+ ; #& 210#&%&0/:+
1$%&41+&# S+ 0+2/0/+15 <61 21$1%*/+&+ #& 9&#/217 P6121+ &10$&% 1# 0+$1+/2 */5* 21# 21# 4%0153 51 %1/1%1+ & #& 45/'/#/2&2 21# 4%+6+0/&*/1+$ 5'%1 1# +2 <61 51 6/0/ ; 21 #& 51+$1+0/& 0* &0$5 2/0$1. 4%015™ 0+ 0+$1+/2.
!8
/+2141+21+0/&
21
56
CAPÍTULO III EXCEPCIONES I.
!ENERALIDADES N 1/5$1 6+ $%&$ +/0 21 15$& /+5$/$60/:+ & +/91# 21 #& 20$%/+&3 21 & &061%2 & #& 1$/*#,>& &#,6+5 55$/1+1+ <61 4%9/1+1 21 #& 4&#&'%& exipiendo o exapiendo, <61 5/,+//0& 215$%6/% 215*1*'%&%3 4615$ <61 #& 10140/:+ =&01 41%21% & #& &00/:+ 5/ 1/0&0/& 1+ 0&*'/3 $%5 51&#&+ <61 4%9/1+1 21 #& 0+$%&00/:+ 1; &0$/ 0* 0+$%&%/& 6 4615$& & #& &00/:+3 4% # 91%$/2 4% F#%1+0/ M/-+ M&55 +5 /+0#/+&*5 4% # 4%/*1%. P&'# S-+0=17 V1#&%21 =&0/1+2 %11%1+0/& & 565 &+$10121+$15 4%015 51&#& <61 15$&5 5+ $*&2&5 21# 4%012/*/1+$ 0/9/# (0*41$1+0/&3 &#$& 21 41%5+1%>&3 05& 67,&2&3 4%150%/40/:+) ; <61 51 9&+ 0+5#/2&+2 21 *&+1%& 4%,%15/9& 1+ +615$%& #1,/5#&0/:+ 4%015&# 41+&#. D*/+, G&%0>& R&2& 51&#& 5'%1 #& 10140/:+ <61 + 15 6+& *1%& +1,&0/:+ 21 #& 21+6+0/&3 5/+ #& 0+$%&45/0/:+ 21 6+ =10= /*412/$/9 1$/+$/93 <61 10#6;1 #5 110$5 6%>2/05 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&#. E5 6+ 21%10= 21 211+5& <61 #& #1; #1 $%,& & $2 /+06#4&2 & /+ 21 <613 *12/&+$1 #3 4612& 1+1%9&% #5 110$5 41+ 21 #& 21+6+0/& /+5$&6%&2& 1+ 56 0+$%&. A 56 $6%+ V>0$% C6'&5 V/##&+619& 21/+1 & #&5 10140/+15 0* *12/5 21 211+5& 21# /*46$&2 <61 $/1+1+ 4% /+ 14+1% #& /*4%0121+0/& 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&# ; $1%*/+&% 0+ #& 4%1$1+5/:+ 46+/$/9&
!
21# E5$&2. E5 6+ 21%10= <61 51 0+$%&4+1 & #& &00/:+3 #& /*4/21+3 #& *2//0&+ %1,6#&%/7&+ 56 $%-*/$1. R15410$ & #&5 10140/+15 51 =& /+$1+$&2 9&%/&5 0#&5//0&0/+153 1+$%1 #&5 *-5 +$&'#15 $1+1*5 #& 0#&5//0&0/:+ 2/#&$%/&5 ; 41%1+$%/&53 51,+ 0615$/+15 #&5 0+2/0/+15 4615$&5 4% #& #1; 4&%& #& 9&#/217 21# 4%012/*/1+$ 41+&# &+$1 1# 617 21*615$%1+ #& &#$& 21 6+2&*1+$ 6%>2/0 21 #& 4%1$1+5/:+ 46+/$/9& $&*'/+3 $1+1*5 #& 0#&5//0&0/:+ 1+ 4%015 ; *&$1%/™ 51,+ 51 $%&$1 21 #& +1,&0/:+ 21 4%1564615$5 ; %1<6/5/$5 4%015™ <61 /*4%$&+ #& 21+6+0/& 21 6+& 2110$65& 0+5$/$60/:+ 21 #& %1#&0/:+ 6%>2/0 4%015&# ; $/1+21+ & 0+51,6/% 6+& %15#60/:+ 1+ #& <61 + 51 1+$%1 1+ 1# +2 21# &56+$ 51 %1/1%&+ &# +2 21# &56+$3 4/2/1+2 51 21515$/*1+ #5 0&%,5 ,&+2 =10=5 2/5$/+$53 # 06&# + 51 2&%>& 1+ 6+& 211+5& 21 +2.
II.
CONCEPTO S+ *12/5 21 211+5& $0+/053 <61 6$/#/7& 1# /*46$&2 0+ #& /+&#/2&2 21 0+51,6/% <61 1# 4%015 51 &%0=/91 21/+/$/9&*1+$13 1+ 56 0&5 <61 1# 4%012/*/1+$ 51 %1,6#&%/013 06&+2 1# $%&*/$1 + 51 5/,6/: $&# 0* # 2/54+1 #& #1;. A $%&95 21 #&5 10140/+153 51 9& & ,&% 6+ =10=3 0/%06+5$&+0/& &0$ 21 &6$%/2&2 6%>2/0&*1+$1 %1#19&+$13 <61 /*4/21 6+ 4%+6+0/&*/1+$ 5'%1 1# +2. E# 6+2&*1+$ 21 #&5 10140/+15 %&2/0& 1+ 19/$&% #&5 0+51061+0/&5 21 6+ 4%015 /+21'/2. A5>3 06&+2 1# /*46$&2 /+$1%4+1 6+& 10140/:+3 # <61 =&01 15 51+0/##&*1+$1 4+1%51 & #& 4%51060/:+ 21# 4%0153 4% 1+$1+21% <61 15$1 0&%101 21 &#,6+ 21 #5 4%1564615$5 4%015 15$&'#10/25 4% 1# %21+&*/1+$ 6%>2/0. L&5 10140/+15 <61 46121+ 21260/%513 51 1+061+$%&+ 4%19/5$&5 1+ 1# A%$. 21# C. 21 P%012/*/1+$5 P1+ ; 1# A%$. Kº 21# NCPP. E5$&5 5+@ . !. ". . .
III.
I*4%0121+0/& 21 &00/:+ (+&$6%& 21 &00/:+). N&$6%& 21 6/0/ C5& 67,&2& A*+/5$>& P%150%/40/:+
PROCEDIMIENTO L&5 10140/+15 $/1+1 1# */5* 4%012/*/1+$ 4%19/5$ 4&%& #& 0615$/:+ 4%19/& ; 4%162/0/ %1*/$/+2+5 4% 1## & # 51&#&2 #>+1&5 &$%-5.
"
SUCAPÍTULO I EXCEPCIÓN DE NATURALEA DE JUICIO I.
ANTECEDENTES A+$15 21 &'%2&% 1# $%&$&*/1+$ 21 #& 10140/:+ 21 +&$6%& 21 6/0/ 1+ 1# C:2/, P1+&# 21 ! 15 +1015&%/ =&01% 6+& '%191 %151& 21 #5 &+$10121+$15 21 56 /+0%4%&0/:+ 1+ +615$% 5/5$1*& 4%015&# 41+&#. A5>3 5/,6/1+2 &# *&15$% M/&+ M&55 1+ 1# C:2/, 21 P%012/*/1+$5 P1+ &4%'&2 *12/&+$1 L1; N. º ! 21 !" 21 +9/1*'%1 21 "3 51 4%19/: #& 10140/:+ +&$6%& 21 6/0/ 1+ #5 5/,6/1+$15 $%*/+5@ HA%$>06# º. C+$%& #& &00/:+ 41+&# 46121+ 4%*91%51 #&5 10140/+15 21 41%5+1%>&3 +&$6%& 21 6/0/3 05& 67,&2&3 &*+/5$>& ; 4%150%/40/:+. S/ 51 210#&%& 6+2&2& &#,6+& 21 1##&53 51 &+6#&%- #& /+5$%600/:+ <61 51 15$ ##19&+2 & 0&'. P% 56 4&%$13 1# &%$>06# "Kº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
"
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
II.
CONCEPTO E5$& 10140/:+ 4%0121 06&+2 51 =& 2&2 &# 4%015 6+& 565$&+$&0/:+ 2/5$/+$& & #& 4%19/5$& 1+ #& #1; (&%$>06# K. &) 21# CPP). A5>3 1# $%&$&2/5$& C5&% E6,1+/ S&+ M&%$>+ C&5$% 55$/1+1 <61 51 $%&$& 5/+ 262& 21 6+ %1*12/ 4%015&# <61 + 1+$%& &# +2 21# &56+$3 5# &# 4%012/*/1+$ & 51,6/%. T/1+1 #6,&% 06&+2 1# 21#/$ 21#/$5 '1$ 21# 4%015 41+&# 51 #15 &5/,+& 6+ 4%012/*/1+$ 2/5$/+$ 21# <61 4% #1; #1 0%%154+21. &; <61 &+$&% <61 #& 4&#&'%& 565$&+$&0/:+ $/1+1 <61 1+$1+21%51 0* 5/+:+/* 21 $%-*/$1 21 &061%2 & #& *&,+/$62 21 1%%% #& %1,6#&%/7&0/:+ 46121 5/,+//0&% #& &+6#&0/:+ 21 21$1%*/+&2&5 2/#/,1+0/&5 <61 =&;&+ %156#$&2 215+&$6%&#/7&2&5.
SUCAPÍTULO II EXCEPCIÓN DE IMPROCEDENCIA DE ACCIÓ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
L& 4%/*1%& &0140/:+ 15 1+ %1&#/2&2 #& 10140/:+ /+ 0*1+$ 4% # <613 51 46121 &/%*&% <61 #& 10140/:+ 21 /*4%0121+0/& 21 &00/:+ $/1+1 0* 4%/+0/4&# 6+2&*1+$ 1# 4%/+0/4/ 21 #1,&#/2&2 (+6##6* 0%/*1+3 +6##& 41+& 5/+1 #1,1) 3 15 210/%3 5/ 1# =10= /*46$&2 0* 21#/$ 15$& 15$&'#10/2& 1 6+ #1 4%19/& (10#65/:+ 21 #& &4#/0&0/:+ %1$%&0$/9& 21 #&5 #1;15 41+) ; 21 6+& #1 150%/4$& (10#65/:+ 21 #& &4#/0&0/:+ %1$%&0$/9& 21 #&5 #1;15 41+)3 <61 %1+& #&5 0+2/0/+15 21 6+& #1 01%$& (10#65/:+ 21 #&5 0#&656#&5 ,1+1%)3 /+$1%4%1$&2& 0* 6+& #1; 15$%/0$& ( 10#65/:+ 21 #& 1$1+5/:+ &+-#,& 21 #& #1; 41+&#) ;3 #5 =10=5 + 65$/0/&'#15 41+&#*1+$13 15 210/%3 #5 4&55 &# <61 #& 4%4/& #1; 41+&# #1 <6/$& 14%15& ; 15410>/0&*1+$1 #& 46+/'/#/2&23 ;& <613 5/ '/1+ 15 0/1%$3 5/,61+ 5/,6/1+2 #5 =10=5 $>4/053 + 5+ 65$/0/&'#15 41+&#*1+$1 4%<61 5$1+$&+ 6+& 0&65& 21 65$//0&0/:+3 #& 0+06%%1+0/& 21 6+& 15065& &'5#6$%/& 06&+2 &#$& 6+& 0+2/0/:+ '1$/9& 21 46+/'/#/2&23 1+ $25 #5 0&55 4%19/5$& 4% #1; ; 1#/*/+&+2 #& &+$/6%/0/2&2 21# =10=. L&5 1065&5 &'5#6$%/&5 5+ #&5 4%19/5$&5 1+ 1# &%$>06# !8 21# CP3 2:+21 51 %1/1%1 <61 + 5+ %14%/*/'#15 #5 =6%$53 &4%4/&0/+153 21%&62&0/+15 2&5 <61 51 0&651+@ #5 0:+;6,153 0+06'/+53 1+$%1 $%5. A 56 $6%+3 #&5 0&65&5 21 65$//0&0/:+ 15$-+ 0+$1*4#&2&5 1+ 1# &%$. ! 21 CP '& 1# +*1+ /6%/5 21 H0&65&5 <61 1/*1+ &$1+&+ #& %154+5&'/#/2&2 41+ 1+$%1 #&5 06 $1+1*5@ #&5 0&65&5 21 /+/*46$&'/#/2&23 */+%>& 21 12&23 #1,>$/*& 211+5&3 1+$%1 $%53 <61 =& 210/% 21 FIDEL ROJAS VARGAS 5+ 41%*/55 #1, <61 0+0121 1# 15$&2 4&%& '%&% $>4/0&*1+$13 96#+1%&+2 '/1+15 6%>2/05 21 $%&5 41%5+&5. F/+&#*1+$13 #&5 0+2/0/+15 '1$/9&5 21 46+/'/#/2&23 & 210/% 21 IGNACIO BERDUGO GÓMEZ DE LA TORRE3 5+ %1<6/5/$5 <61 1# #1,/5#&2% =& &&2/2 1+ #5 0%%154+2/1+$15 4%1014$5 #1,™ 41% <61 + 41%$1+101+ &# $/4 21# /+65$ +/ & #& 06#4&'/#/2&2 51 0&%&0$1%/7&+ 4% 56 %*6#&0/:+ 45/$/9&3 0+2/0/+&+ 2/%10$&*1+$1 #& 41+& #& 1+$/2&2 21 #& 41+&3 5/+ <61 21'&+ 51% &'&%0&25 4% 1# 2# 21# &6$%. V1%'/,%&$/&3 3 1# 21#/$ 21 //0&0/:+ 21 206*1+$5 06&+2 1/,1+ #& 0+2/0/:+ H41%6/0/3 1# 21#/$ 21 TID (T%-/0 I#>0/$ 21 D%,&5) 06&+2 1/,1 21$1%*/+&2&5 0&+$/2&2153 4615 21 # 0+$%&%/ 42%>& $%&$&%51 21# &6$0+56* <61 + 15 41+&23 1# 21#/$ 21 0+$%&'&+2 06&+2 51 15$&'#101 56 46+/'/#/2&2 06&+2 5'%14&51+ #&5 UIT (U+/2&2 I*45/$/9& T%/'6$&%/&). ""
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%21+&*/1+$ 15 <61 51 $%&$1 21 6+& %15#60/:+ 62/0/&# /%*13 1+$1+2/2 4% 1## & #& <61 2& 4% 0+0#6/2 1# 4%015 21 *&+1%& /%%15/5$/'#1 ; + 15 565014$/'#1 21 /*46,+&0/:+ &#,6+&.
SUCAPÍTULO IV EXCEPCIÓN DE LA AMNISTÍA L& &*+/5$>& 4%9/1+1 21 6+ 90&'# ,%/1, AMNESTIA <61 5/,+//0& &*+15/&3 41%2/2& 21 #& *1*%/& 6 #9/2. Y =& 5/2 0+014$6&2& 0* 1# #9/2 <61 #& #1; #1 $%,& &# 21#/$ 0* #& 41+&3 %1+6+0/&+2 1# E5$&2 21# IUS PUNIENDI3 ,1+1%&#*1+$1 4% 0+5/21%&0/+15 4#>$/0&5 4#>$/0 50/. R10+0/2 & +/91# 0+5$/$60/+&# 0* 6+& &$%/'60/:+ 10#65/9& 21# C+,%15 21 #& %146'#/0& (&%$3 !K) 1+ 1# CP /,6%& 0* 6+& 0&65& 21 1$/+0/:+ 21 #& &00/:+ 41+&# (&%$. 8.)3 14#/0&+2 0* 0+51061+0/& <61 1#/*/+& #1,&#*1+$1 &# =10= 46+/'#1 & <61 51 %1/1%1 1 /*4#/0& 1# 41%41$6 5/#1+0/ %15410$ &# (&%$. 8). L& 10140/:+ 21 &*+/5$>&3 5/ '/1+ 15 0/1%$ 51 4%4+1 0* *12/ 21 211+5& 4% &<61# <61 9/1+1 5/1+2 4%015&2 1*41%3 0* /+5$/$60/:+ '1+1/0/& & $25 #5 <61 =&+ 0*1$/2 1# 21#/$ &*+/5$/&2 4%<61 '%%& $2 # 06%%/23 1# 21#/$ 215&4&%101 ; 1# 4%156+$ %154+5&'#1 %156#$& #/'%1 21 $2 0&%, %154+5&'/#/2&23 5/1+2 4&5/'#1 21 51% 4%4615$ 4% # 51+$1+0/&25. S/+ 1*'&%,3 & 415&% 21 '%%&% $25 #5 110$5 41+ 21 &*+/5$>& + '%%& #5 110$5 1$%& 41+. E5$& /+5$/$60/:+ =& 5/2 26%&*1+$1 0%/$/0&2& 1+ #& 20$%/+& 4% 56 %1,6#&0/:+3 &5> L6/5 E. R; F%1;%13 &##- 1+ K3 55$1+>& 1# $%,&*/1+$ 21 &*+/5$>& &$1+2/1+2 & #& 141%/1+0/& #1,/5#&$/9& 41%6&+& ; #&$/+&*1%/0&+& 21'1 $1+1% 6+ #>*/$1 # *-5 4%10/5 45/'#1. E+ +615$% 0%/$1%/3 5# 21'1 0+012%51#1 & #5 &0$5 564615$&*1+$1 21#/0$/95 <61 $1+,&+ 0* 5/,+//0&2 1# 11%0/0/ 21# 21%10= 21# 461'# & #& /+56%,1+0/& 1+ 211+5& 21# %21+ 0+5$/$60/+&#. E+ $2 0&53 &*-5 #& &*+/5$>& 42%- '1+1/0/&% 0*4%$&*/1+$53 <61 #15 21 &56*/% #& &4&%/1+0/& 21 0%/*/+&#/2&2 <61 #&5 0/%06+5$&+0/&5 4#>$/0&5 14#/0&+3 4% 1# 0+$%&%/ 0+5$/$6;1+3 2&2 56 /+=1%1+$1 &$%0/2&23 9/#&0/+15 /+#9/2&'#15 21 #5 21%10=5 =6*&+5. E+ 151 */5* 51+$/23 P&'# S-+0=17 V1#&%21 5/,6/1+2 1# /+%*1 D11+5%/&# N 3 %1/1%1 <61 #& &*+/5$>& + 46121 51% #& 14%15/:+ 21 #& &%'/$%&%/12&23 5/+ 21'1 51% 65$//0&2& ; #1,/$/*&2& 4% 1# %1541$ & #5 #>*/$15 <61 15$&'#101 #& 0+5$/$60/:+ 1+ 0+51061+0/&3 #& &*+/5$>& 21'1 51% 10140/+ %1541$65& 21 #5 D1%10=5 F6+2&*1+$ 21 #& 41%5+& ; &0%21 0+ #5 4%/+0/4/5 21 4%4%0/+&#/2&2 ; %&7+&'/#/2&2.
"
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5/,6/1+$1 21 110$6&2& #& #$/*& 2/#/,1+0/&3 21&+2 5/+ 110$ #& &+$1%/%. L& 51,6+2& 51 2& 06&+2 =&'/+251 /+$1%%6*4/2 1# $/1*4 5'%14&5& 1+ 6+& */$&2 1# 4#&7 %2/+&%/ 21 4%150%/40/:+. O$% $/4 21 4%150%/40/:+ %2/+&%/& 560121 06&+2 1# &,1+$1 51 1+061+$%& 1+ 6+& 5/$6&0/:+ 21 /*46$&'/#/2&2 %15$%/+,/2&3 1+ 06; 4#&7 #5 4#&75 21 4%150%/40/:+ 51 %12601+ & #& */$&2 (A%$. 8 21# CP) &5/*/5*3 06&+2 51 $%&$& 21 21#/$5 0+$%& 1# 4&$%/*+/ 21# E5$&2 21 %,&+/5*5 55$1+/25 4% 5$13 51 264#/0& 1# 4#&7 21 4%150%/40/:+ %2/+&%/. A#,6+&5 %1,#&5 15$&'#10/2&5 4&%& #& &4#/0&0/:+ 21 #& 4%150%/40/:+ 21 #& 41+& ; #& &00/:+ 41+&# 5+@ . E# 4#&7 21 4%150%/40/:+ 1*4/17& & $%&506%%/% 51,+ 1# &%$>06# 8! 21# CP 21521 1# 2>& 1+ <61 015: #& &0$/9/2&2 21#/0$65& 1+ #& $1+$&$/9& & 4&%$/% 21# 2>& 1+ <61 51 0+56*: 1# 21#/$ /+5$&+$-+1 21521 1# 2>& 1+ <61 $1%*/+: #& &0$/9/2&2 21#/0$65& 1+ 1# 21#/$ 0+$/+6&2 ;3 & 4&%$/% 21# 2>& 1+ <61 015: #& 41%*&+1+0/& 1+ 1# 21#/$ 41%*&+1+$1. !. E+ 0&5 21 0+06%5 %1&# 21 21#/$5 #& 0+$&'/#/7&0/:+ 21# 4#&7 21 4%150%/40/:+ 51 /&%- 4% 514&%&2 4&%#&*1+$13 $%&$-+251 21 0+06%5 /21&# 21 21#/$5 51 0+$&'/#/7& 1# 4#&7 21 4%150%/40/:+ 4%19/5$& 4&%& 1# 21#/$ *-5 ,%&913 15$&*5 &+$1 #& %1,#& 21 &'5%0/:+. ". F/+&#*1+$13 $%&$-+251 21 21#/$5 5&+0/+&25 0+ 41+&5 0+6+$&5 21'1 /&%51 &$1+2/1+2 &# 4#&7 <61 0%%154+2& &# 1#1*1+$ *-5 ,%&91 /+$1,%&2 & #& 5&+0/:+3 ; 1+ 0&5 21 41+&5 &#$1%+&$/9&5 06&+2 51 =&;& 06*4#/2 1# 4#&7 *-5 #&%, <61 %156#$1 21 #&5 41+&5 565014$/'#15 21 /*45/0/:+. C&'1 &+$&% <61 15$& 10140/:+ 15 /*4%0121+$1 $%&$-+251 21 21#/$5 21 #15& =6*&+/2&23 4615 15$5 5+ /*4%150%/4$/'#153 /,6&#*1+$1 06&+2 =&;& %1+6+0/& 14%15& 4% 4&%$1 21# /*46$&2 (&%$. 21# CP).
I.
E"ECTOS
D1 210#&%&%51 6+2&2& #&5 10140/+15 21 /*4%0121+0/& 21 &00/:+3 C5& 67,&2&3 &*+/5$>& ; 4%150%/40/:+ 1# 4%015 51%- 5'%151>2 21/+/$/9&*1+$1 1+ 0&*'/3 5/ 51 210#&%&%& 6+2&2& #& +&$6%& 21 6/0/ 5:# 51 %1,6#&%/7&%- 1# 4%015 &# $%-*/$1 %10+0/2 1+ 1# &6$ <61 # %1561#9& (&%$. K.!. 21# CPP). "
"8
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