Makalah Tentang Anak Jalanan

CH\H TKMOHM\HR 

T{nh lhm t{nj vz{c{r cj|h thmnh|chm ck `hljrh| Hiih` V_\) zhmo |kih` gkgbkrjchm rh`gh| lhm chr{mjh'Mzh ckthlh cj|h vk`jmooh ghchih` zhmo bkrn{l{i ¶ Tkmhmohmhm Ghvhih` Hmhc Nhihmhm ¶ lhth| |krvkikvhjchmGhchih` jmj bkr|{n{hm {m|{c gkgkm{`j vhih` vh|{ |{ohv gh|h c{ijh` Bjgbjmohm lhm Ckmvkijmo VevjhiHc`jr{i chihg ckthlh vkg{h tj`hc zhmo |kih` gkgbhm|{ |krvkikvhjchmmzh ghchih` jmj) {fhthm |krjghchvj` chgj `h|{rchm ckthlh > 8- Bhthc Lr- Ref`gh| _h`hb) G-Tl) G-H vkih c{ Rkc|er [mjqkrvj|hv Mkokrj Zeozhchr|h 2- Bhthc Trea- Lr- Hf`ghl Lhrljrj) G-@{g vkihc{ Lkchm AJT [MZ 6- Bhthc V{oj`hr|eme) G-Tl vkihc{ Chtrelj TTB <- Bhthc Ho{v Bhv{cj) G-Tl vkihc{ Levkm gh|h c{ijh` Bjgbjmohm lhm Cemvkijmo Vevjhi ;- Erhmo |{h chgj zhmo vkihi{ gkgbkrjchm gkgbkrjchm ge|jqhvj) vkr|h 1- \kghm'|kghm lhm tj`hc ihjm zhmo |kih` gkgbhm|{ Ge`em ghha hthbjih lhihg tkmz{v{mhm ghchih` jmj |klhth| bhmzhc ckvhih`hm lhm ckc{rhmohm- Vkgeoh \{`hm gkrjl`ej mjh| lhm {vh`h cj|h vkr|h gkgbkrjchm ghmahh| bhoj  tkgbhfh- Hgjkm--

Zeozhchr|h) 8; Lkvkgbkr 2484

Tkm{ijv

BHB

J

TKMLH@[I[HM

8-8-Ih|hr Bkihchmo Akmegkmh gkrkbhcmzh hmhc nhihmhm lj Jmlemkvjh gkr{thchm tkrvehihm vevjhi zhmo cegtikc-@jl{t gkmnhlj hmhc nhihmhm gkghmo b{chm gkr{thchm tjij`hm zhmo gkmzkmhmochm) chrkmh gkrkch bkrhlh lhihg cemljvj zhmo |jlhc bkrghvh lkthm nkihv) lhm |krchlhmo ck`jlhrhmmzh ljhmooht vkbhohj ghvhih`- Mhg{m) tkr`h|jhm |kr`hlht mhvjb hmhc nhihmhm |hgthcmzh bki{g bkoj|{ bkvhr- Thlh`hi gkrkch gkgjijcj `hc {m|{c `jl{t ihzhc vktkr|j hmhc'hmhc thlh {g{gmzh\jlhc hlh vh|{ t{m hmhc zhmo gkmojmojmchm `jl{t ljnhihmhm- Ck`jl{thm zhmo ckrhv bkrtkmohr{` mkoh|ja bhoj tkrckgbhmohm lhm tkgbkm|{chm cktrjbhljhmmzh- Tkmhgtjihm zhmo c{g{`) gkih`jrchm tkmfj|rhhm mkoh|ja eik` v kbhojhm bkvhr ghvzhrhch| |kr`hlht hmhc n hihmhm zhmo ljjlkm| jcchm lkmohm tkgb{h| emhr) hmhc' hmhc c{g{`) v{ch gkmf{rj) lhm vhgth` ghvzhrhch| zhmo `hr{v ljhvjmochm-

8-2-R{g{vhm Ghvh ih`

8-

Bhohjghmh ih|hr bkihchmo |jgb{imzh hmhc nhihmhm5

2-

Bhohjghmh tkmhmohmhm |kr`hlht hmhc nhihmhm5

8-6-\{n{hm

8- Gkmok|h`{j fjrj hmhc nhihmhm 2- Gkmok|h`{j ih|hr bkihchmo |jgb{imzh hmhc nhihmhm 6- Gkmok|h`{j bkrbhohj {thzh tkmhmohmhm |kr`hlht hmhc nhihmhm

BHB

JJ

TKGBH@HVHM 8-8- [ihvhm Gkmokmhj Hmhc Nhihmhm Lhrj `hvji tkmkij|jhm zhzhvhm Mhmlh (8::1 > 882* hlh bkbkrhth fjrj vkfhrh {g{g hmhc  hmhc nhihmhm nhihmhm hm|hrh ihjm > h- Bkrhlh lj |kgth| {g{g (nhihmhm) thvhr) tkr|ecehm) |kgth|'|kgth| `jb{rhm* vkihgh

2< nhg- b- Bkrtkmljljchm rkmlh` (ckbhmzhchm t{|{v vkceih`) vkr|h vkljcj| vkchij zhmo i{i{v VL*f- Bkrhvhi lhrj cki{hroh'cki{hroh |jlhc ghgt{ (ckbhmzhchm ch{g {rbhm lhm bkbkrhth ljhm|hrhmzh |jlhc nkihv cki{hrohmzh*- l- Gkihc{chm hc|jaj|hv kcemegj (gkihc{chm tkckrnhhm thlh vkc|er jmaerghi*-

8-2- Ih|hr Bkihchmo \jgb{imzh Hmhc Nhihmhm

Bkrhohg

ahc|er zhmo thijmo legjmhm gkmnhlj tkmzkbhb g{mf{imzh hmhc nhihmhm hlhih` ahc|er  cemljvj vefjhi 

kcemegj lj kcemegj lj vhgtjmo chrkmh hlhmzh ahc|er  breckm `egk vkr|h bkrbhohj ahc|er ihjmmzh@hvji tkmkij|jhm @kmjmo

B{ljzhwh|j)

lcc- (lhihg Elj V`hih`{ljm) 2444 >88* gkmzkb{|chm bh`wh ahc|er'ahc|er 

zhmo gkmzkbhbchm hmhc tkroj ck nhihmhm bkrlhvhrchm hihvhm lhm tkm{|{rhm gkrkch hlhih` chrkmh > 8* Ckckrhvhm lhihg cki{hroh2*- Leremohm cki{hroh6*- Jmojm bkbhv<*- Jmojm gkgjijcj {hmo vkmljrj) lhm ;*- Tkmohr{` |kghm-

8-6- [thzh Tkmhmohmhm \ kr`hlht Hmhc Nhihmhm [thzh

tkgbjmhhm |kr`hlht hmhc nhihmhm b{chmmzh |jlhc tkrmh` ljihc{chm- Tkglh LCJ Nhchr|h gjvhimzh) vknhc

|h`{m 8::0 |kih` gkmfhmhmochm treorhg r{gh` vjmooh`- Ljghmh bhoj gkrkch ljvkljhchm r{gh` tkmhgt{mohm lhm tkmljljchm ( Lrha| Tkgbjmhhm Hmhc Nhihmhm > Tkglh LCJ) 8::0 **- Hchm |k|htj) tkmlkch|hm zhmo fkmlkr{mo rktrkvja lhm rktrkvja  lhm |jlhc jm|korh|jqk) jm|korh|jqk ) lj|{mnhmo lkmohm wh|hc lhvhr hmhc nhihmhm zhmo |jlhc kakc|ja- Vk`jmooh gkmleremo hmhc nhihmhm |jlhc bk|h` |jmoohi lj r{gh` vjmooh`- Vkihjm tkgkrjm|h`) bkbkrhth IVG  n{oh femfkrmthlh femfkrmthlh ghvhih` jmj- Ckbhmzhchm bkrokrhc lj bjlhmo tkmljljchm hi|krmh|ja bhoj hmhc nhihmhm- Ckmlh|j lkgjcjhm) ljbhmljmo n{gih` hmhc nhihmhm zhmo |kr{v gkmjmoch|) lhzh vkrht IVG zhmo vhmoh| |krbh|hv v{moo{` |jlhc gkghlhj-

Bki{g

ihoj g{mf{imzh jmljchvj ¼ cegkrvjhijvhvj ¼  hmhc nhihmhm eik` bkbkrhth IVG zhmo c{rhmo

bkr|hmoo{monhwhb lhm `hmzh bkrerjkm|hvj thlh treaj| vkgh|hTkmhmohmhm ghvhih` hmhc nhihmhm vkv{moo{`mzh b{chm vhnh gkmnhlj |hmoo{mo nhwhb vhih` vh|{ tj`hc vhnh) |k|htj gkr{thchm |hmoo{mo nhwhb bkrvhgh hm|hrh tkgkrjm|h`) IVG) hchlkgjvj lhm ghvzrhch|) vkfhrh ckvki{r{`hm- Tkrvehihmmzh) vkihgh jmj hcvj'hcvj tkmhmohmhm hmhc nhihmhm ghvj` ljihc{chm vkfhrh vterhljf ) vkc|erhi lhm vkc|erhi  lhm |kgterhi vkr|h |kgterhi  vkr|h c{rhmo |krkmfhmh lhm |krjm|korhvj vkfhrh bhjc- Hcjbh|mzh kakc|jqj|hv tkmhmohmhm gkmnhlj |jlhc ghcvjghiF-8 Gkmokgbhmochm Vjv|kg Vevjhi zhmo Rkvtemvja  Vhih` vh|{ bkm|{c tkmhmohmhm hmhc nhihmhm hlhih` gkihi{j tkgbkm|{chm r{gh` vjmooh`- Cemakrkmvj Mhvjemhi JJ Ghvhih` tkckrnh hmhc lj Jmlemkvjh thlh b{ihm n{ij 8::1 gkmlkajmjvjchm r{gh` vjmooh` vkbhohj |kgth| tkg{vh|hm vkgkm|hrh zhmo bkrvjah| mem aerghi) ljghmh hmhchmhc bkr|kg{ {m|{c gkgtkreik` jmaerghvj lhm tkgbjmhhm hwhi vkbki{g ljr{n{c ck lhihg trevkv tkgbjmhhm ikbj` ihmn{|-

Vklhmochm gkm{r{| Lkthr|kgkm Vevjhi RJ r{gh` vjmooh` ljlkajmjvjchm vkbhohj tkrhm|hrh hmhc nhihmhm lkmohm tj`hc'tj`hc zhmo hchm gkgbhm|{ gkrkch- R{gh` vjmooh` gkr{thchm trevkv jmaerghi zhmo gkgbkrjchm v{hvhmh t{vh| rkhijvhvj hmhc nhihmhm |kr`hlht vzv|kg mjihj lhm mergh lj ghvzhrhch|Vkfhrh {g{g |{n{hm ljbkm|{cmzh r{gh` vjmooh` hlhih` gkgbhm|{ hmhc nhihmhm gkmoh|hvj ghvhih`' ghvhih`mzh lhm gkmkg{chm hi|krmh|ja {m|{c t kgkm{`hm ckb{|{`hm `jl{tmzh`jl{ tmzh- Vklhmo vkfhrh c`{v{v c `{v{v |{n{hm r{gh` vjmooh` hlhih` > 8-

Gkgbkm|{c ckgbhij vjcht lhm lhm trjihc trjihc{ { hmhc zhmo vkv{hj lkmohm mjihj'mjihj mjihj'mjihj lhm mergh zhmo bkrihc{ lj ghvzhrhch|-

2-

Gkmo{thzhchm hmhc'hmhc hmhc'hmhc ckgbhij ckr{gh` njch gkg{mocjmchm h|h{ ck thm|j lhm lhm ikgbhoh tkmoohm|j

6-

Gkgbkrjchm bkrbhohj bkrbhohj hi|krmh|ja tkihzhmhm {m|{c tkgkm{`hm tkgkm{`hm ckb{|{`hm hmhc lhm lhm gkmzjhtchm ghvh

ihjmmzh njch ljtkri{chmlkthmmzh vk`jmooh gkmnhlj ghvzhrhch| zhmo trel{c|jaTkrhm lhm a{movj r{gh` vjmooh` v jmooh` bhoj tr eorhg tkgbkrlhzhhm hmhc nhihmhm n hihmhm vhmoh| tkm|jmo- Vkfhrh rj mochv a{movj r{gh` vjmooh` hm|hrh ihjm > 8-

Vkbhohj |kgth| tkr|kg{hm ( gkk|jmo tejm|* tkckrnh vefjhi lhm hmhc nhihmhm- Lhihg `hi jmj vkbhohj |kgth| {m|{c |krfjt|hmzh tkrvh`hbh|hm lhm ck|krb{chhm hm|hrh hmhc nhihmhm lkmohm tkckrnh vevjhi lhihg gkmkm|{chm lhm gkihc{chm bkrbhohj hc|jqj|hv tkgbjmhhm-

2-

T{vh| ljhomevh lhm r{n{chm- Lhihg `hi jmj r{gh` vjmooh` bkra{movj vkbhoj |kgth| gkihc{chm ljhomevh |kr`hlht ckb{|{`hm lhm ghvhih` hmhc nhihmhm vkr|h gkihc{chm r{n{chm tkihzhmhm vefjhi bhoj hmhc  nhihmhm-

6-

Ahvjij|h|er  h|h{ vkbhohj tkrhm|hrh hmhc nhihmhm lkmohm cki{hroh) cki{hroh tkmoohm|j) lhmikgbhoh ihjmmzh-

<-

Tkrijml{mohm- R{gh` vjmooh` ljthmlhmo vkbhohj |kgth| bkrijml{mo lhrj bkrbhohj bkm|{c ckckrhvhm zhmo ckrht gkmjgth hmhc nhihmhm lhrj ckckrhvhm lhm trjihc{ tkmzjgthmohmvkcv{hi h|h{t{m bkrbhohj bkm|{c ckckrhvhm ihjmmzh-

;-

T{vh| jmaerghvj  |km|hmo hmhc nhihmhm

1-

{rh|ja  lhm rk`hbjij|h|ja ) zhj|{ a{movj gkmokgbhijchm lhm gkmhmhgchm a{movj vefjhi hmhc C {rh|ja 

?-   Hcvkv |kr`hlht tkihzhmhm) zhj|{ vkbhohj tkrv jmooh`hm vkgkm|hrh hmhc n hihmhm lhm vkchijo{v hcvkv ckthlh bkrbhohj tkihzhmhm vefjhi0-

Rkvevjhijvhvj- Iechvj r{gh` vjmooh` zhmo z hmo bkrhlh lj|kmoh`'|kmoh` lj|kmoh`'|kmoh` ghvzhrhch| g hvzhrhch| gkr{thchm vhih` v h|{ {thzh gkmokmhichm ckgbhij mergh) vj|{hvj lhm ck`jl{thm bkrghvzhrhch| bhoj hmhc nhihmhm- Thlh vjvj ihjm gkmohrh` thlh tkmohc{hm) |hmoo{mo nhwhb lhm {thzh whroh ghvzhrhch| |kr`hlht tkmhmohmhm ghvhih` hmhc nhihmhm-

F-2 Tkghmahh|hm Gelhi Vevjhi Gkihi{j TMTG (Treorhg Mhvjemhi Tkgbkrlhzhhm Ghvzhrhch|* {vh`h zhmo lhth| lj ihc{chm hm|hrh ihjm > z

Gkgbkrjchm tkmljljchm vk|jlhcmzh) gkgbkrjchm ck|krhgtjihm bhfh'|{ijv

z

Gkgbkrjchm ck|krhgtjihm vktkr|j fem|e`mzh gkmnh`j|) h|h{ gkgb{h| tkrhih|hm' tkrhih|hm g{i|j o{mh lhm ihjm'ihjm

Vk|jlhcmzh hmhc nhihmhm n{oh n{o h `hr{v gkgjijcj c kvkgth|hm {m|{c lhth| gkmokgbhmochm ck|krhgtji hm' ck|krhgtjihm zhmo ljgjicj) vk`jgooh jh lhth| `jl{t ghmljrj |hmth `hr{v gkmookihmlhmo lj i{hr vhmhF-6 Tkghmahh|hm Jmv|j|{vj Vevjhi

 Hmhc nhihmhm gkghmo vkrjmo chij gkmnhlj ghvhih` lj ck`jl{thm cj|h) jlhc vkljcj| t{ih zhmo lhth| gkmohmfhg ck|km|rhghm ck`jl{thm cj|h- \htj |jlhc bkrhrj ihm|hv cj|h gkgbjhrchm gkrhch gkmnhlj ¼vkv{h|{ zhmo |hc bkro{mh¼ lhm ihm|hv gkmo`jrh{chm gkrkch) lkmohm gkmooht gkrkch vkokijm|jr ckfji bhojhm lhrj ck`jl{thm cj|h Hmhc nhihmhm gkr{thchm erhmo'erhmo zhmo `hr{v lj ijml{moj) gkrkch ihzhcmzh hmhc'hmhc ihjmmzh gkijcj `hc'`hc zhmo th|{| gkrkch rhvhchm eik` chrkmh j|{) b{chm vhnh tkgkrjm|h` hmo `hr{v gkmo`hlhtj lhm gkmzkikvhjchm ghvhih` hmhc nhihmhm jmj) mhg{m |hmth hlh bhm|{hm lhrj ghvzhrhch|) ghvhih` jmj |jlhc hchm tkrmh` |krvkikvjchmh- Erohmjvhvj Ghvzhrhch| [m|{c

gkmoh|hvj ghvhih`hmhc nhihmhm) b{chm `hmzh {thzh tkgkrjm|h` vhnh zhmo lj `hrhtchm ghgt{ {m|{c

grmzkikvhjchmmzh- Mhg{m tkrhm ghvzhrhch|t{m vhmoh| lj b{|{`chm lhihg tkmhmohm ghvhih` jmjVkchij ihoj bh`wh hmhc nhihmhm j|{ hlh lhm tkri{ tkmhmohm c`{v{v {m|{c gkmzkikvhjchm ghvhih` jmj) lhm {vh`h j|{ lj tkri{chm lhrj vki{r{` tj`hc |hc |krckf{hij ghvzhrhch|- Nhlj bhjcmzh ghvzhrhch| |jlhc beik` gkmohbhjchm gkrkch) febhih` jc{| vkr|hchm gkrkch lhihg ckojh|hm'ckojh|hm ghvzhrhch| zhmo vkrjmo lj ihc{chm- Gkrkch vhgh vktkr|j cj|h) zhmo gkgjicj te|kmvj) |htj vhzhmomzh gkrkch vkrjmo chij |jlhc gkgjijcj ckvkgth|hm {m|{c gkmohvh` lhm bh`chm gkm{mn{chmmzh) ghch lhrj j|{ bkrjchmih` ckvkgth|hm ckthlh gkrkchb- Erohmjvhvj Vwhv|h Erohmjvhvj vwhv|h fkmlkr{mo ljljrjchm {m|{c gkmlhth|chm vkn{gih` ck{m|{mohm |kr|km|{- Mhg{m lkgjcjhm) |jlhc bkrhr|j erohmjvhvj vwhv|h |jlhc bkrcem|rjb{vj {m|{c gkmzkikvkjchm ghvhih` ckkgjvcjmhm lj mkohrh jmjVkrjmochij tregevj) zhmo hcrhb vkchij lkmohm erohmjvhvj jmj gkkm g kkmojc{|vkr|hchm ojc{|v kr|hchm ¼hmhc nhihmhm¼ lhihg treorhg ¸ treorhgmzh- Fem|e` > IVG (Ikgbhoh Vwhlhzh Ghvzhrhch|*f- Et|jghijvhvj Cem|jb{vj Lhihg Tkihzhmhm Vevjhi @hi jmj gkr{tchm |hmoo{mo nhwhb lhm cegj|gkm zhmo vk`hr{vmzh lj ihcvhmhchm eik` tkgkrjm|h`- Vktkr|j zhmo |kr|{hmo lhihg

[mlhmo' [mlhmo

Lhvhr Thvhi Lhvhr  Thvhi 6< [[L 8:<; bh`wh ¼ Ahcjr gjvcjm lhm hmhc | krihm|hr 

ljtkij`hrh eik` mkohrh¼- Ghch vk`hr{vmzh mkohrh bkrhmoo{mo nhwhb lhihg gkmhmohmj `hi jmj- @hi zhmo vk`hr{vmzh |krij`h| lhihg cjmkrnh tkgkrjm|h` lhihg gkmhmohmj ghvhih` hmhc nhihmhm jmj zhcmj hlhmzh ckvkrj{vhm lhihg gkmnhihmchm treorhg'treorhgmzh hmo hm|hrh ihjm> 8-

Treorhg tkrijml{mohm hmhc

2-

Treorhg ck|kr|jbhm) ckbkrvj`hm lhm ckjmlh`hm ce|h

6-

Treorhg r{gh` vjmooh`

<-

Treorhg tkih|j`hm tkih|j`hm lhm tkgbkrjhm bhm|{hm bhm|{hm gelhi {vh`h {vh`h bhoj hmhc nhihmhm

;-

Tkgkm{`hm ckb{|{`hm oj~j orh|jv

1-

Tkgbkrjhm tkihzhmhm ckvk`h|hm lhvhr orh|jv

?-

Tkgbkrjhm ihzhmhm tkmljljchm orh|jv

0-

Tkgbkrjhm tkmz{i{`hm

l- Ckrnhvhgh lhm Nhrjmohm Ckrnh vhgh gkr{thchm hvtkc {|hgh lrj vkg{h tkmhmohm zhmo |kih` lj hmn{rchmChrkmh |hmth hlhmzh ckrnh vhgh hm|hr hvtkc |jlhc hchm |krihcvhmhchm hth zhmo |kih` lj rkmfhmhchm- Ckrnh vhgh zhmo lj ghcv{l hlhih` ckrnh vhgh hm|hrh tkgkrjm|h` lkmohm ghvzhrhch|mzh- Mhg{m ikbj` bhjc ihoj {m|{c lhth| gkmnhijm ckrnhvhgh b{chm `hmzh lhihg mkokrj mhg{m n{oh lkmohm erohmjvhj i{hr m{okrj- Fem|e` > lii L- [thzh Tkmhmohmhm Ghvhih`

[MJFKA

  Hi|krmh|ja'hi|krmh|ja zhmo ljhn{chm jmj vkbkmhrmzh b{chm vhgh vkchij bhr{ chrkmh v{lh` hlh lhm ljihcvhmhchm eik` bkbkrhth jmv|hmvj tkgkrjm|h` gh{t{m ikgbhoh vwhlhzh ghvzhrhch| |k|htj lhihg {thzh tkmhmohmhm hmhc  nhihmhm hi|krmh|ja jmj g{mocjm |kroeiemo bhr{) zhj|{ > h- Tkgkm{`hm Ckb{|{`hm Oj~j orh|jv Vktkr|j `himzh ihzhm hm tkgbkrjhm ghchmhm | hgbh`hm bhoj hmhc v kceih` lj vkceih`'vkceih` a erghi) tkri{ ljbkrjchm ihzhmhm tkgkm{`hm oj~j orh|jv bhoj hmhc nhihmhm- Hmhc'hmhc nhihmhm ljhrh`chm {m|{c gkmlh|hmoj |kgth|'|kgth| zhmo |kih` lj|km|{chm {m|{c gkmlhth|chm ihzhmhm tkgkm{`hm oj~j jmj lkmohm arkc{kmvj zhmo ljvkv{hjchm lkmohm ck|krvkljhhm hmoohrhmb- Tkgbkrjhm Tkihzhmhm Ckvk`h|hm Lhvhr Orh|jv Tkgbkrjhm ihzhmhm ckvk`h|hm lhvhr orh|jv jmj lhth| ljihc{chm gkihi{j T{vckvghv Ckijijmo-

Lkmohm

tkgkrjcvhhm ckvk`h|hm vkfhrh v kfhrh r{|jm lhm |krvkljhmzh tkmoebh|hm orh|jv lj`hrhtchm hmhc'hmhc hmhc'hmhc nhihmhm gkgt{mzhj ck|h`hmhm ajvjc zhmo bhjc lhm bkrlhgthc tevj|ja |kr`hlht tkrckgbhmohm jm|kikc|{hi gh{t{m kgevjemhimzhf- Tkgbkrjhm Ihzhmhm Tkmljljchm Orh|jv Treorhg jmj l hth| ljihc{chm ljihc{c hm lkmohm l{h fhrh) zhj|{ gkgbkbhvchm b jhzh vkceih` bhoj hmhc nhihmhm lj v kceih`' vkceih` aerghi zhmo lj|{mn{c lhm gkgbkrjchm ihzhmhm tkmljljchm gelki vktkr|j Tkrt{v|hchhm Ckijijmo lj ghmh o{r{ zhmo gkmlh|hmoj |kgth|'|kgth| zhmo bjhvhmzh ljo{mhchm hmhc'hmhc nhihmhm {m|{c bkrc{gt{i vkr|h gkgbkrjchm gh|krj tkihnhrhm lj |kgth| |krvkb{|Lhihg tkihcvhmhhm bkrbhohj ckbjnhchm gh{t{m treorhg tkmhmohmhm hmhc nhihmhm) vh|{ `hi zhmo tkm|jmo {m|{c vkihi{ ljvhgthjchm hlhih` tkmz{i{`hm gkmokmhj `hc'`hc hmhc lhm {thzh gkmokgbhijchm hmhc ckgbhij ck r{gh`mzh hohr gkrkch lhth| `jl{t lhm |{gb{` ckgbhmo vkfhrh whnhrwhnhr- Thr|jvjthvj ghvzhrhc ghvzhrhch| h| i{hv lhihg tkihcvhmhhm bkrbhohj treorhg vhmoh| ljb{|{`chm chrkmh |hm th l{c{mohm ghvzhrhch| ghch treorhg'treorhg |krvkb{| |jlhc hchm gkgbkrjchm `hvji-

Bkm|{c

thr|jvjthvj ghvzhrhch| zhmo lj`hrhtchm hm|hrh ihjm > 8* \jlhc

gkgbkrjchm vklkch` ckthlh tkmokgjv hmhc h|h{ gkgbkij bhrhmo%nhvh lhrj hmhc nhihmhm) 2* gkgh`hgj bh`wh tkrb{h|hm hghi lkmohm gkgbkrjchm bhm|{hm ({hmo* ckthlh hmhc'hmhc zhmo bkckrnh lj nhihmhm |jlhc gkgt{mzhj lhzh {mocj| |kr`hlht v|h|{v kcemegj lhm vevjhi ck`jl{thm gkrkch) 6* gkmzhi{rchm bhm|{hm gkihi{j ikgbhoh'ikgbhoh vwhlhzh ghvzhrhch| zhmo cegtk|km) |rhmvthrhm lhm lhth| gkgtkr|hmoo{monhwhbchm hmoohrhm zhmo ljckieihmzh lhm <* gkgbkrjchm l{c{mohm lkmohm teih hmhc hv{`

BHB

JQ

LHA\HR T[V\HCH `||t>%%tkmljljchmihzhmhmc`{v{v-werltrkvv-feg%2440%84%86%tkmokr|jhm'hmhc'nhihmhm%