MAKALAH ASKEP PARKINSON

5/14/2018

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deurciushuabr, ieduruddyb hehubtbd, he`jabdfbd hcdtrca ctct:hccrnjdbsj.

(7 1bdffubd eajijdbsj bavj hcdstjpbsj7 ybdf oerùoudfbd nedfbd ienjhbsj nbd pedurudbd bhtjvjtbs. $7 \eruob`bd dutrjsj ? hurbdf nbrj heoutu`bd tuou` ybdf oerùoudfbd nedfbd treicr, peabiobtbd nbabi prcses ibhbd, hesuajtbd iedfuyb` nbd iedeabd. 7 =biobtbd hciudjhbsj veroba ybdf oerùoudfbd nedfbd pedurudbd vcauie oj#brb, peabiobtbd oj#brb, hetjnbhibipubd iedfferbhbd ctctctct wbkb`. %7 5cpjdf jdnjvjnu tjnbh emehtjm ybdf oerùoudfbd nedfbd nepresj nbd njsmudfsj hbredb perheiobdfbd pedybhjt. 97 +emjsjt pedfetbùbd ybdf oerùoudfbd nedfbd suioer jdmcribsj prcsenur perbwbtbd ruib` ybdf tjnbh bnehubt.


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)

/. J($e%1e(s

@##$#( &$#s -s' =#() e%0**()#( 8e()#( 'e'#'*#( 8#( 'e&e#0#( $$.

ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu  N $ kbi, hajed ibipu ieabhsbdbhbd bhtjvjtbs mjsjh sesubj nedfbd heibipubddyb. 5rjterjb =bsja ? 5ajed nbpbt jhut sertb nbabi prcfrbi abtj`bd, tjnbh terkbnj hcdtrbhtur sednj, oertbiob`dyb hehubtbd ctct. 5ajed iedudkuhhbd tjdnbhbd udtuh iedjdfhbthbd icojajtbs. J($e%1e(s

_#s(#&s#s

5bkj icojajtbs ybdf bnb nbd coservbsj pedjdfhbtbd herusbhbd. 5bkj se#brb terbtur mudfsj ictcrjh.

>edfetbùj tjdfhbt heibipubd hajed nbabi ieabhuhbd bhtjvjtbs.

;bhuhbd prcfrbi abtj`bd ybdf iedjdfhbthbd hehubtbd ctct.

>edjdfhbthbd hccrnjdbsj nbd hetbdfhbsbd, iedurudhbd hehbhubd ctct nbd ied#efb` hcdtrbhtur ojab ctct tjnbh njfudbhbd.

;bhuhbd abtj`bd pcsturba.

;btj`bd pcsturba udtuh ieabwbd he#ednerudfbd hepbab nbd aeèr tertbrjh henepbd nbd heobwb`.

kbrhbd tehdjh oerkbabd hùsus ?

êhdjh oerkbabd hùsus nbpbt kufb njpeabkbrj udtuh iedfjiobdfj fbyb oerkbabd iedyeret nbd he#ednerudfbd tuou` #cdncdf henepbd.

•

•

•

•

kbrhbd

udtuh

oerhcsedtrbsj

pbnb

oerkbabd tefbh, ieibdnbdf aurus henepbd, nbd iedffudbhbd #brb oerkbabd nedfbd nbsbr aeobr ijsbadyb oerkbabd nedfbd hbhj terpjsb`7. 5ajed njbdkurhbd udtuh abtj`bd oerkbabd nedfbd njjrjdfj iusjh ibr#`jdf obdn btbu abfu, hbredb `ba jdj ieioerjhbd rbdfsbdfbd sedscrjh. ;btj`bd oerdbpbs sbioja oerkbabd ieiobdtu udtuh iedfferbhbd rbdfhb tuabdf rusuh nbd trbdspcr chsjfed udtuh iedfjsj obfjbd pbru-pbru ybdf hbnbr chsjfeddyb rednb`. >eabhuhbd perjcne jstjrb`bt ybdf serjdf udtuh ieiobdtu ped#efb`bd mrustbsj nbd heaeab`bd.

dkurhbd ibdnj `bdfbt nbd ibsbse ctct.

ibdnj `bdfbt nbd ibsbse ieiobdtu ctctctct rjaehs sbbt ieabhuhbd bhtjvjtbs pbsjm nbd bhtjm nbd iedfurbdfj dyerj ctct bhjobt spbsie ybdf iedfbhjobthbd hehbhubd.

6bdtu hajed ieabhuhbd abtj`bd /G>, perbwbtbd njrj, sesubj tcaerbdsj.

0dtuh ieieaj`brb maehsjojajtbs sednj sesubj heibipubd.

5cabocrbsj nedfbd bàj mjsjcterbpj udtuh abtj`bd mjsjh hajed.

\edjdfhbtbd heibipubd nbabi icojajsbsj ehstreijtbs nbpbt njtjdfhbthbd nedfbd


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*

abtj`bd mjsjh cae` tji mjsjcterbpjs.

Ne-s$ pe%#6#$#( 8% =#() e%0**()#( 8e()#( 'e&e#0#( (e*%*s'*&#%, e(*%*((=# 'e'*#$#(, 'e0&#()#( '($%& $$"'%8(#s.

ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu  N $ kbi, perbwbtbd njrj hajed terpedu`j. 5rjterjb =bsja ? 5ajed nbpbt iedudkuhhbd peruob`bd fbyb `jnup udtuh ieiedu`j heoutu`bd ierbwbt njrj, hajed ibipu ieabhuhbd bhtjvjtbs perbwbtbd njrj sesubj nedfbd tjdfhbt heibipubddyb, iedfjnedtjmjhbsj perscdba:ibsybrbhbt nbpbt ybdf ieiobdtu. J($e%1e(s

_#s(#&s#s

5bkj heibipubd nbd tjdfhbt pedurudbd nbabi shbab <-$ udtuh ieabhuhbd +;.

>eiobdtu nbabi iedfbdtjsjpbsj nbd iered#bdbhbd perteiubd heoutu`bd jdnjvjnuba.

=jdnbrj bpb ybdf tjnbh nbpbt njabhuhbd hajed nbd obdtu ojab perau.

>edf`jdnbrj hajed nbrj hebnbbd #eibs nbd heterfbdtudfbd udtuh ied#efb` mrustbsj nbd `brfb njrj hajed rednb`.

kbrhbd nbd nuhudf hajed seabib bhtjvjtbs.

+uhudfbd pbnb hajed seabib bhtjvjtbs he`jnupbd se`brj-`brj nbpbt iedjdfhbthbd perbwbtbd njrj.

/ed#bdbhbd tjdnbhbd udtuh iedfbtbsj heterobtbsbd pedfaj`btbd sepertj teipbthbd ibhbdbd nbd perbabtbd nbabi subtu teipbt, nehbthbd teipbt tjnur henjdnjdf.

5ajed bhbd ibipu ieaj`bt nbd ieibhbd ibhbdbd, bhbd ibipu ieaj`bt heaubr ibsuhdyb crbdf herubdfbd.

>cnjmjhbsj ajdfhudfbd.

>cnjmjhbsj ajdfhudfbd njperauhbd udtuh iedfcipedsbsj hetjnbhibipubd mudfsj.

1udbhbd pbfbr njseheajajdf teipbt tjnur.

1udbhbd pbfbr njseheajajdf teipbt tjnur objh teipbt tjnur nj ruib` sbhjt nbd njruib`, btbu seoub` tbaj ybdf njjhbthbd

>bdnjrj

pbnb hbhj teipbt tjnur udtuh ieioerj obdtubd nbabi iedncrcdf njrj udtuh obdfud tbdpb obdtubd crbdf abjd. 5bkj heibipubd hciudjhbsj udtuh oubdf bjr he#ja, 5etjnbhibipubd hciudjhbsj nedfbd heibipubd iedffudbhbd urjdba, pjspct. dtbrhbd perbwbt nbpbt iedjiouahbd ibsbab` hehbibr ibdnj ojab hcdnjsj ieiudfhjdhbd. pedfcscdfbd hbdnudf heij` cae` hbredb ibsbab` deurcfedjh. 5cabocrbsj \eioerjbd supcsjtcrjb nbd peauibs meses:ped#b`br.

\ertcacdfbd utbib ter`bnbp ocwea btbu oubdf bjr oesbr.

5cdsuatbsj henchter terbpj chupbsj.

0dtuh


iedfeiobdfhbd

terbpj

mudfsj

nbd

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(<

ieaedfhbpj heoutu`bd hùsus.

F#())*#( e&(#s #&1 9'(s$p#s =#() e%0**()#( 8e()#( e8'#s 8#( pe(*%*(#( #'$1$#s.

ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu  N $ kbi, heoutu`bd eajijdbsj bavj terpedu`j. 5rjterjb =bsja ? 5ajed nbpbt nemehbsj se#brb spcdtbd nbd abd#br tbdpb iedffudbhbd cobt, hcdsjstedsj meses aeioeh, tjnbh terbob ibssb pbnb hcacd, ojsjdf usus dcriba 2-(
_#s(#&s#s

>cdjtcr bnbdyb hcdstjpbsj.

5ajed \brhjdscd ieipudybj ibsbab` hcdstjpbsj oerbt. 4bhtcr-mbhtcr ybdf iedyeobohbd hcdnjsj jdj bnbab` ieaeib`dyb ctct-ctct ybdf njfudbhbd nbabi nemehbsj, hurbdfdyb abtj`bd, tjnbh bnehubtdyb bsupbd #bjrbd, nbd pedurudbd bhtjvjtbs sjstei sbrbm ctcdci nbd cobt-cobtbd njfudbhbd udtuh iedfcobtj pedybhjt, kufb iedf`biobt sehresj dcriba usus.

6erjhbd pedkeabsbd pbnb hajed nbd heaubrfb pedyeobo hcdstjpbsj.

5ajed nbd heaubrfb bhbd iedfertj tedtbdf pedyeobo costjpbsj.

>cnjmjhbsj nemehbsj ybdf terbtur. dkurhbd pbnb hajed udtuh ibhbd ibhbdbd ybdf iedfbdnudf serbt.

+emehbsj ybdf terbtur nbd rutjd nbpbt ieiobdfud seibdfbt hajed udtuh iedfjhutj pcab ybdf terbtur, sbnbr udtuh iedjdfhbthbd bsupbd #bjrbd nbd ibhbd ibhbdbd serbt. +jet sejiobdf tjdffj hbdnudfbd serbt ierbdfsbdf perjstbatjh nbd eajijdbsj refuaer.

tur pcsjsj nunuh tcjaet.

+unuhbd tcjaet njtjdffjhbd udtuh ieiunb`hbd bhtjvjtbs tcjaetjdf hbredb hajed suajt oerferbh nbrj pcsjsj oernjrj he pcsjsj nunuh.

6jab hajed ibipu ijdui, oerjhbd bsupbd #bjrbd ybdf #uhup ajter:`brj7 kjhb tjnbh bnb hcdtrbjdnjhbsj.

supbd #bjrbd bnehubt ieiobdtu ieipertb`bdhbd hcdsjstedsj meses ybdf sesubj pbnb usus nbd ieiobdtu eajijdbsj refuaer.

5cabocrbsj nedfbd tji nchter nbabi peioerjbd \eaudbh meses iedjdfhbthbd emjsjedsj peaudbh meses abhsbtjm, supcsjtcrjb, edeib7. peiobsb`bd bjr pbnb usus, ybdf iuaudbhhbd ibssb meses nbd ieiobdtu


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eajijdbsj.

\e%*#0#( (*$%s ; '*%#() 8#% 'e*$*0#( $**0 =#() e%0**()#( 8e()#( $%e%, pe&##$#( 8#&# p%ses #'#(, 'es*&$#( e()*=#0 8#( e(e&#(.

ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu ( N $ kbi heoutu`bd dutrjsj hajed terpedu`j. 5rjterjb =bsja ? >edfertj tedtbdf pedtjdfdyb dutrjsj obfj tuou`, ieiperaj`bthbd hedbjhbd oerbt obnbd sesubj nedfbd `bsja peierjhsbbd abocrbtcrjui. J($e%1e(s

'vbaubsj heibipubd ibhbd hajed.

_#s(#&s#s

5ajed

iedfbabij

hesuajtbd

nbabi

ieipertb`bdhbd oerbt obnbd ierehb. >uaut ierehb herjdf bhjobt cobt-cobtbd nbd iedfbabij hesuajtbd iedfudyb` nbd iedeabd. Goservbsj:tjiobdf oerbt obnbd kjhb ieiudfhjdhbd.

^bdnb he`jabdfbd oerbt obnbd 9-2<"7 nbd hehurbdfbd bsupbd dutrjsj iedudkbdf terkbnjdyb ibsbab` hbtbocajsie, hbdnudfbd fajhcfed nbabi ctct, nbd hepehbbd ter`bnbp peibsbdfbd vedtjabtcr.

>bdbkeied ied#bpbj heibipubd iedeabd.

>edjdfhbthbd heibipubd hajed nbabi

2.

. (. $.

.

%.

9. ).

1bdffubd iedeabd njseobohbd cae` treicr pbnb ajnb`, rbfu-rbfu nbabi ieiuabj iedeabd, hesuajtbd nbabi ieioedtuh ibhbdbd nbabi oedtuh ocaus. >bhbdbd setedfb` pbnbt nedfbd senjhjt bjr ieiunb`hbd udtuh iedeabd. 5ajed njbdkurhbd udtuh iedeabd se#brb oerurutbd. 5ajed njbkbrhbd udtuh ieaetbhhbd ibhbdbd njbtbs ajnb`, iedutup ojojr nbd fjfj, nbd iedeabd. 5ajed njbdkurhbd udtuh iedfudyb` pertbib

iedeabd nbd nbpbt ieiobdtu peiedu`bd dutrjsj hajed ieabauj crba. ûkubd abjd bnbab` ied#efb` terkbnjdyb heaeab`b, ieiunb`hbd ibsuhdyb ibhbdbd, nbd ied#efb` fbdffubd pbnb abioudf.

hbaj pbnb sbtu sjsj iuaut nbd heiunjbd hesjsj abjd. 0dtuh iedfcdtrca bjr ajur, hajed njbdkurhbd udtuh iedb`bd hepbab tetbp tefbh nbd ieioubt hebnbbd sbnbr udtuh iedeabd. >bsbse ctct wbkb` nbd aeèr seoeaui ibhbd nbpbt ieiobdtu. 6erjhbd ibhbdbd he#ja nbd audbh.

>cdjtcr peibhbjbd babt obdtu.

\eibhbjbd eaehtrjh njfudbhbd udtuh iedkbfb ibhbdbd tetbp `bdfbt nbd hajed njj8jdhbd udtuh jstjrb`bt seabib wbhtu ybdf njtetbphbd udtuh ibhbd, babt-babt hùsus kufb ieiobdtu ibhbd.


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(

\edffudbbd pjrjdf ybdf stboja, #bdfhjr ybdf tjnbh pe#b` pe#b` ojab kbtu`, nbd babt-babtnjfudbhbd ibhbd ybdf nbpbt njfedffbi sednjrj seobfbj babt obdtu. 5bkj mudfsj sjstei fbstrcjdtestjdba ieajputj subrb 4udfsj sjstei fbstrcjdtestjdba sbdfbt ojsjdf usus, #btbt terkbnjdyb peruob`bd njnbabi pedtjdf udtuh bsupbd ibhbdbd. abioudf sepertj iuba, iudtb`. Goservbsj peruob`bd Eedtjabtcr nbpbt iedyeobohbd heioudf perferbhbd usus ijsbadyb njbre, hcdstjpbsj. pbnb abioudf nbd pernbrb`bd abioudf. dkurhbd peioerjbd #bjrbd << ##:`brj seabib tjnbh >ed#efb` terkbnjdyb ne`jnrbsj bhjobt terkbnj fbdffubd kbdtudf. pedffudbbd vedtjabtcr seabib hajed tjnbh sbnbr nbd ied#efb` terkbnjdyb hcdstjpbsj. ;bhuhbd peierjhsbbd njjdnjhbsjhbd, sepertj 60D:hrebtjdjd, nbd fauhcsb.

abocrbtcrjui ybdf serui, trbdsmerjd,

>eioerjhbd jdmcribsj ybdf tepbt tedtbdf hebnbbd dutrjsj ybdf njoutu`hbd hajed.

@##$#( '*('#s 1e%#& =#() e%0**()#( 8e()#( pe(*%*(#( 1&*e #%#, pe&##$#( #%#, 'e$8#'#p*#( e())e%#'#( $$$$ 6#+#0.

ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu  N $ hajed ibipu ieioubt tehdjh:ietcne hciudjhbsj ybdf nbpbt njiedfertj sesubj heoutu`bd nbd iedjdfhbthbd heibipubd oerhciudjhbsj. 5rjterjb =bsja ? hajed nbpbt oerhciudjhbsj nedfbd suioer ybdf bnb. J($e%1e(s

_#s(#&s#s

5bkj heibipubd hajed udtuh oerhciudjhbsj.

>ededtuhbd

#brb-#brb

hciudjhbsj

1bdffubd oj#brb njteiuhbd pbnb obdybh hajed nedfbd pedybhjt \brhjdscd. 6j#brb ierehb ybdf aeib`, icdctcd, nbd ternedfbr `bausiedudtut hesbnbrbd oerupbyb udtuh oj#brb nedfbd abiobt, nedfbd pedehbdbd per`btjbd pbnb bpb ybdf ierehb hbtbhbd. sepertj

>eipertb`bdhbd hcdtbh ibtb bhbd

ieipertb`bdhbd hcdtbh ibtb, ieioerjhbd pertbdybbd nedfbd kbwbobd yb btbu tjnbh, iedffudbhbd hertbs nbd pedsja:ocapcjd, fbiobr, btbu pbpbd tuajs, ob`bsb jsybrbt, perkeabs brtj nbrj hciudjhbsj ybdf njsbipbjhbd.

ieioubt hajed tertbrjh seabib hciudjhbsj. jhb hajed nbpbt iedfferbhbd hepbab, iedfenjphbd ibtb, btbu sedbf nedfbd jsybrbt-jsybrbt sener`bdb, aeoj` objh nedfbd iedffudbhbd pertbdybbd yb:tjnbh. 5eibipubd ieduajs hbnbdf-hbnbdf ieaeab`hbd hajed, seabjd jtu nbpbt iedfbhjobthbd mrustbsj nbabi upbyb ieiedu`j heoutu`bd hciudjhbsj. 5eaubrfb nbpbt oeherkb sbib udtuh ieiobdtu ieiedu`j heoutu`bd hajed.

\ertjiobdfhbd oedtuh hciudjhbsj ojab terpbsbdf

5bteter


jdtrbvedb

ybdf

terpbsbdf

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((

hbteter jdtrbvedb.

njtbdfbd bhbd iedfurbdfj heoeobsbd hajed nbabi ieduajs btbu ieioerj

jsybrbt. ;etbhhbd oea peibdffja nbabi kbdfhbubd hajed nbd 5eterfbdtudfbd hajed pbnb vedtjabtcr oerjhbd pedkeabsbd #brb iedffudbhbddyb. bwbo bhbd ieioubt hajed aeoj` objh nbd pbdffjabd terseout nedfbd seferb. \edu`j heoutu`bd rjaehs, ierbsb bibd nbd iedfertj hajed. 5btbhbd hepbnb hajed ob`wb perbwbt sjbp ob`wb seabib iedffudbhbd vedtjabtcr, ieiobdtu kjhb njoutu`hbd. perbwbt bhbd ieiedu`j sefbab heoutu`bddyb. 6ubtab` #btbtbd njhbdtcr perbwbt tedtbdf hebnbbd >edfjdfbthbd stbm perbwbt udtuh hajed ybdf nbpbt oj#brb. oerespcd nedfbd hajed seabib ieioerjhbd perbwbtbd. 6ubtab` rehbibd peioj#brbbd hajed.

/ehbibd peioj#brbbd hajed nbabi pjtb hbset se#brb perjcnjh njoutu`hbd nbabi ieibdtbu perheiobdfbd hajed. ipajmjer he#ja ieiobdtu ojab hajed iedfbabij hesuajtbd iednedfbr.

dkurhbd heaubrfb:crbdf abjd ybdf nehbt nedfbd hajed 5eaubrfb nbpbt ierbsb bhrbo nedfbd udtuh oeroj#brb nedfbd hajed, ieioerjhbd jdmcribsj hajed nbabi oerbnb nehbt hajed seabib tedtbdf heaubrfbdyb, nbd hebnbbd ybdf senbdf terkbnj. oeroj#brb. \edfbabibd jdj nbpbt ieiobdtu btbu ieipertb`bdhbd hcdtbh dybtb sepertj ierbsbhbd he`bnjrbd bdffctb heaubrfb ybdf nbpbt iedfurbdfj perbsbbd hbhu. 5cabocrbsj nedfbd bàj wj#brb ob`bsb.

àj terbpj wj#brb ob`bsb nbpbt ieiobdtu nbabi ieioedtuh pedjdfhbtbd abtj`bd per#bhbpbd nbd ieiobdtu petufbs hese`btbd udtuh iedfeiobdfhbd ietcne hciudjhbsj udtuh ieiedu`j heoutu`bd hajed.

Hp() (818* $8#' e-e'$- =#() e%0**()#( 8e()#( 8ep%es 8#( 8s-*()s '#%e(# pe%'e#()#( pe(=#'$.

ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu 2 N $ hcpjdf jdnjvjnu iedkbnj emehtjm. 5rjterjb =bsja ? ibipu iedybtbhbd btbu iedfciudjhbsjhbd nedfbd crbdf ternehbt tedtbdf sjtubsj nbd peruob`bd ybdf senbdf terkbnj, ibipu iedybtbhbd pederjibbd njrj ter`bnbp sjtubsj, iedfbhuj, nbd iedffboudfhbd peruob`bd henbabi hcdsep njrj nedfbd #brb ybdf bhurbt tbdpb `brfb njrj ybdf defbtjm. J($e%1e(s


_#s(#&s#s

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5bkj peruob`bd fbdffubd persepsj nbd ùoudfbd nedfbd nerbkbt hetjnbhibipubd.

>ededtuhbd obdtubd jdnjvjnuba nbabi iedyusud red#bdb perbwbtbd btbu peijaj`bd jdtervedsj. 5epbtu`bd ter`bnbp prcfrbi abtj`bd nbd oerkbabd ieiobdtu perabiobt heibkubd pedybhjt. +uhudfbd nbd suioer obdtubd nbpbt njoerjhbd ieabauj hetehudbd oerncb nbd pedehbdbd heaubr ter`bnbp bhtjvjtbs nedfbd ieipertb`bdhbd pbrtjsjpbsj bhtjm.

+uhudf heibipubd hcpjdf hajed.

Lbtbt hetjhb hajed iedybtbhbd sehbrbt iedfjdfhbrj nbd iedybtbhbd jdjab` heibtjbd.

btbu

>ednuhudf pedcabhbd ter`bnbp obfjbd tuou` btbu perbsbbd defbtjm ter`bnbp fbiobrbd tuou` nbd heibipubd ybdf iedudkuhhbd heoutu`bd nbd jdtervedsj sertb nuhudfbd eicsjcdba.

\erdybtbbd pedfbhubd ter`bnbp pedcabhbd tuou`, >eiobdtu hajed udtuh ieaj`bt ob`wb iedfjdfbthbd heiobaj mbhtb hekbnjbd tedtbdf rebajtbs perbwbt iederjib henub obfjbd seobfbj ob`wb ibsj` nbpbt iedffudbhbd sjsj ybdf sbhjt nbd obfjbd nbrj seauru` tuou`. >edfj8jdhbd oeabkbr iedfcdtrca sjsj ybdf se`bt. hajed udtuh ierbsbhbd bnbdyb `brbpbd nbd iuabj iederjib sjtubsj obru. 6erj nuhudfbd psjhcacfjs se#brb iedyeauru`.

5ajed pedybhjt \brhjdscd serjdf ierbsb ibau, bpbtjs, tjnbh bnehubt, ocsbd, nbd ierbsb sednjrj. \erbsbbd jdj nbpbt njseobohbd bhjobt hebnbbd mjsjh ybdf abiobt nbd upbyb ybdf oesbr njoutu`hbd ter`bnbp tufbs-tufbs he#ja. 5ajed njobdtu nbd njnuhudf udtuh ied#bpbj tukubd ybdf njtetbphbd sepertj iedjdfhbtdyb icojajtbs7. 5bredb \brhjdscd iedfbrb` bhbd iedudkuhhbd iedbrjh njrj nbd nepresj, hajed `brus bhtjm oerpbrtjsjpbsj nbabi prcfrbi terbpj ybdf ied#bhup prcfrbi scsjba nbd rehrebsj.

6bdtu nbd bkbrhbd perbwbtbd ybdf objh nedfbd ieiperobjhj heojbsbbd.

>eiobdtu iedjdfhbthbd perbsbbd `brfb njrj nbd iedfcdtrca aeoj` nbrj sbtu breb he`jnupbd.

6ubt red#bdb prcfrbi heseauru`bd `brj.

\rcfrbi bhtjvjtbs pbnb heseauru`bd `brj ied#efb` wbhtu tjnur ybdf terabau obdybh ybdf nbpbt iedfbrb` pbnb tjnbh bnbdyb hejdfjdbd oerbhtjvjtbs nbd bpbtjs. &etjbp upbyb njoubt udtuh iednuhudf hajed heaubr nbrj tufbstufbs ybdf teribsuh hcpjdf nedfbd heoutu`bd ierehb setjbp `brj nbd udtuh ieioedtuh hajed ibdnjrj. pbpud ybdf njabhuhbd `bdyb udtuh hebibdbd sewbhtu ied#bpbj tukubd nedfbd iedjdfhbtdyb heibipubd hcpjdf.

bhtjvjtbs

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pbnb


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dkurhbd crbdf ternehbt udtuh iedfj8jdhbd hajed ieabhuhbd seobdybh iudfhjd `ba udtuh njrjdyb.

>edf`jnuphbd heibdnjrjbd

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perbsbbd ieiobdtu

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>cdjtcr fbdffubd tjnur, pedjdfhbtbd hcdsedtrbsj, aetbrfj nbd pedcabhbd.

hesuajtbd

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5cabocrbsj ? rukuh pbnb bàj deurcpsjhcacfj nbd hcdseajdf ojab bnb jdnjhbsj.

+bpbt ieimbsjajtbsj peruob`bd perbd ybdf pedtjdf udtuh perheiobdfbd perbsbbd. 5erkbsbi mjsjcterbpj, psjhcterbpj, terbpj cobt-cobtbd, nbd nuhudfbd pbrtjsjpbsj heacipch nbpbt iedcacdf iedfurbdfj nepresj ybdf kufb serjdf iud#ua pbnb hebnbbd jdj.

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ûkubd ? +babi wbhtu 2 N $, jdmcribsj nbpbt njterjib hajed. 5rjterjb =bsja ? hajed ibipu iedfuabdf jdmcribsj tedtbdf prcsenur perbwbtbd ruib`. J($e%1e(s

5bkj pedfetbùbd hajed nbd perbwbtbd hese`btbd njruib`.

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eabshbd pedtjdfdyb perbwbtbd hese`btbd njruib` pbnb hajed nbd heaubrfb.

5eoutu`bd jdmcribsj tedtbdf pedybhjt \brhjdscd njtukuhbd bfbr hajed ibipu oerbnbptbsj nbd ieipudybj heibipubd iedf`bnbpj pedybhjt. &etjbp upbyb ybdf njoubt udtuh iedkeabshbd hebnbbd dybtb, pedybhjt, nbd pedfeacabbd he#eibsbd nbd hetbhutbd ybdf iud#ua, nbd iudfhjd ierupbhbd hetjnbhibipubd bhjobt pedybhjt jtu sednjrj.

6erj nuhudfbd pbnb heaubrfb nbabi ierbwbt hajed

5eaubrfb iedfbabij


stress bhjdbt

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\brhjdscd.

`jnup nbd ierbwbt crbdf iedfbabij hetjnbhibipubd.

ybdf

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hbd ieiunb`hbd nbabi iededtuhbd jdtervedsj seabdkutdyb.

6erjhbd ierehb jdmcribsj tedtbdf pedfcobtbd nbd perbwbtbd ybdf ied#efb` ibsbab` ybdf tjnbh perau bnb.

>eioerj peabybdbd hese`btbd njjhutsertbhbd nbabi pered#bdbbd nbd iudfhjd seobfbj hcdsuatbd nbabi iedfbkbrhbd hajed nbd heaubrfb tedtbdf tehdjh iedurudhbd stress, oeherkbsbib nbabi prcses ieioerjhbd perbwbtbd.

N. Jp&ee($#s &bsbrbd tjdnbhbd bnbab` udtuh iedjdfhbthbd trbdsijsj ncpbijd. êrbpj cobt-cobtbd

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2 B($0s$#(

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\brhjdscd. 1ekbab ybdf `jabdf kufb nbpbt terkbnj bhjobt hbnbr ncpbijd ybdf aeoj` tjdffj bhjobt peioerjbd aevcncpb. 5 Ne%1#$ E%)e$B)(s Np#(

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fbdfajb obsbajs bhjobt pedurudbd btbu tjnbh bnbdyb pedfjrjibd ncpbijde nbrj suostbdsjb djfrb he facous pbajnus: decstrjbtui strjbtba ncpbijde nemj#jed#y7. \edybhjt \brhjdscd ierupbhbd pedybhjt hrcdjs ybdf ieioutu`hbd pedbdfbdbd se#brb `cajstjh ieajputj oerobfbj ojnbdf. \bnb sbbt jdj tjnbh bnb terbpj udtuh iedyeiou`hbd pedybhjt jdj, tetbpj pedfcobtbd nbd cperbsj nbpbt iedfbtbsj fekbab ybdf tjioua . ^bdpb perbwbtbd, fbdffubd ybdf terkbnj iedfbabij prcfress `jdffb terkbnj tctba njsbojajtbs, serjdf njsertbj nedfbd hetjnbhibipubd mudfsj ctbh federba, nbd nbpbt iedyeobohbd heibtjbd. +edfbd perbwbtbd, fbdffubd pbnb setjbp pbsjed oeroenb-oeroenb. 5eobdybhbd pbsjed oerespcd ter`bnbp ienjhbsj. \eraubsbd fekbab oerhurbdf, nbd abibdyb fekbab terhcdtrca sbdfbt oervbrjbsj. 'meh sbipjdf pedfcobtbd terhbnbdf nbpbt sbdfbt pbrb`. Gobt-cobtbd ybdf bnb sehbrbdf `bdyb iedehbd fekbab-fekbab pbrhjdscd, senbdfhbd perkbabdbd pedybhjt jtu oeaui ojsb njèdtjhbd sbipbj sbbt jdj. &ehbaj terhedb pbrhjdscd, ibhb pedybhjt jdj bhbd iedeibdj sepbdkbdf `jnupdyb.

O. W#%#( 27 6erjhbd pedkeabsbd ybdf keabs (* hepbnb pbsjed tedtbdf pedybhjtdyb nbd udtuh ied#efb` terkbdfhjtdyb pedybhjt \brhjdscd nbd ieiper#epbt pedyeiou`bd. 7 \edbtbabhsbdbbd ybdf emehtjm nbd emjsjed pbnb pbsjed udtuh iednbpbthbd `bsja ybdf ibhsjiba nbd ied#efb` terkbnjdyb hcipajhbsj.


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