Kdccaóm dccaóm 8
94 gd sdpwadliyd hk 9 gd fcwtiyd
Easwfyahs q ydkhwfs
Dk byhihgf ds gd htwfy hmómalf
ªWfgh kh Dscyawtyh ds amspayhgh pfy Gafs q þwak phyh dmsdøhy+ phyh ydpydmgdy+ phyh cfyydbay q phyh amswytay dm kh ntswacah+ h oam gd xtd dk sadyvf gd Gafs dswá dmwdyhldmwd chphcawhgf phyh wfgh itdmh fiyhº- 9 Walfwdf 3> 8?+ 82
Fwyhs ohcdwhs gd kh easwfyah AMWYFGTCCAÓM Yflhmfs 84> 7
Sèihgf 94 gd sdpwadliyd
ehs cfmwdlpkhgf hkbþm lfshacf ofwfbyèoacf6 Gd kdnfs+ xta~è wd phyd~ch tmh salpkd ofwf, byhoìh: pdyf hk hcdychywd+ mfwhs xtd dswè ofy, lhgf pfy cadmwfs gd alèbdmds xtd sd ydkh, cafmhm cfm dk wdlh pyamcaphk- Kh Iaikah ds cflf tm dmfyld ofwflfshacf- Sa wdmdlfs
Dswtgahy kfs edcefs gd kh easwfyah mf ds gdk gdk hbyh hbyhgf gf gd wfgf wfgfss- Sam Sam dlih dlihyb ybf+ f+ phyd phydcd cd hkbf hkbf amtsawhgf xtd tm bytpf gd nóvdmds amoyhcwf, yds gd kh kdq ehqh wdmagf xtd dkdbay dmwyd kf hmwdyafy q kh cèycdk- H dsfs nóvdmds duwydlas, Kh Iaikah ds cflf tm dmfyld whs sd kds foydcaó wflhy tm ctysf ydspdcwf h kh ofwflfshacfeasw easwfy fyah ah gdk gdk Efkf Efkfch chts tswf wf++ dm ktbh ktbhyy gd tmh tmh pdmh pdmh gd pyasaóm+ ktdbf xtd otdyhm gdckhyhgfs ctk, phikds gd duhkwhy hk mh~aslf- Dk lfwavf sd, dm ctdmwh st cfmwduwf+ cthmgf cfmwdlpkh, øhkhgf otd xtd cfmwdlpkhy dk phshgf ptdgd lfs dk phmfyhlh lès hlpkaf+ wfgf hptmwh h hiyaymfs kfs fnfs+ lfwavèmgfmfs h chliahy-8 Ndsþs- Mf fiswhmwd+ khs phywds xtd ofylhm dsd wfgf wfgf++ sfm sfm kfs kfs mtld mtldyyfsfs fsfs ydwy ydwyhw hwfs fs gd amga amga,, Phyh kfbyhy kf hmwdyafy+ kh easwfyah gdid dsd cfmswawtay hkbf lès xtd edcefs sam vagh- Dm vagtfs q sts ydkhcafmds cfm Gafs- H vdcds ltcefs agaflhs+ sd twaka~h kh laslh phkhiyh mfs cfmcdmwyhlfs dm khs laslhs ofwfs ohvf, phyh ydodyaysd ydodyaysd whmwf h ydkhwf cflf h easwfyah- yawhs+ ehcadmgf chsf flasf gd khs ldmfs dva, Amcktsf dm ambkás+ mf dswèm whm stwakldmwd ga, gdmwds xtd dswèm cfkfchghs dmwyd khs gdlès+ odyd odydmc mcah ahgf gfs+ s+ qh xtd xtd dk sdbt sdbtmg mgff cfmc cfmcdp dpwf wf ptd, f hkydgdgfy gd kfs ifygds- Sa ehcdlfs dsf+ pfgyìhlfs phshy pfy hkwf alpfywhmwds kdc, gd h amcktay hk pyaldyfKh vdyghg ds xtd whmwf easwfyahs q ydkh, cafmds xtd Gafs eh amsdywhgf dm st Phkhiyh wfs+ cflf kh easwfyah sd mdcdsawhm ltwth, phyh mtdswyf idmdoacafXta~è mf sd mfs ehqh foydcagf kh fpcaóm ldmwd- Kh Easwfyah cfmsaswd dm ltcef lès tmavdysawhyaf yaf phyh mf ay h kh cèy, xtd mfliyds q odcehs- ªYdkhwhy easwfyahs ds gd tm ctysf tmavdysawh tmh ofylh gd hcdychy dk phshgf h kh vagh hc, cdk+ pdyf dm mtdswyf hoèm pfy kaiyhymfs gdk wthk+ ydcfyghmgf h kfs ntbkhyds gd hmwhøfº-9 pdchgf+ whliaám pfgyìhlfs sdy chliahgfs hk Cthmgf h kh easwfyah sd kd cfmoadyd dswh pydd, cfmwdlpkhy dk phshgf- Dswh sdlhmh+ cfmsagd, yhydlf lfss dk wyhs wyhsof ofmg mgff gd hkbt hkbtmf mfss gd kfs kfs ydkh ydkhwf wfss lamdmcah+ sd cfmvadywd dm hkbf lès xtd ªtm yhyd dmcf dmcfmwy mwyhg hgfs fs dm khs khs Dscy Dscyaw awty tyhs hs-- Ladm Ladmwy wyhs hs whmw whmwf+ f+ ptøhgf gd edcefsº-3 Whk vd~ pfy dsf Gafs mfs cfmcdmwyhydlfs dm kfs gdwhkkds gd kfs mfs pyfpfycafmó hkbf lès xtd edcefs dm st laslfs+ gdscyaiadmgf khs dmsdøhm~hs xtd kh Phkh Phkhiy iyhh- Khs Khs Dscy Dscyaw awty tyhs hs dswè dswèmm kkdm kkdmhs hs gd ydkh ydkhwf wfss easwfyah iìikach wadmd phyh mfsfwyfsvdyìgacfs hcdych gd pdysfmhs ydhkds+ amckt, VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV qdmgf sts gdodcwfs- Chgh hspdcwf gd st Ph, 8- Wed Wed Wald Waldss Eabe Eabedy dy Dgtc Dgtchw hwaf afmm+ ªBf wf nhak fy swtgq easwfyq+ Mh~as wfkgº- 1 gd odiydyf+ 9008- ewwp>&&rrrwaldseabedy khiyh ldydcd mtdswyh cfmsagdyhcaómdgtchwafm-cf-tj-swfyq-hsp6swfyqCfgd<842998/sdcwafmcf Sam dlihybf+ h vdcds mtdswyh hwdmcaóm sd gd<9? %cfmstkwhgf dk 98 gd ntmaf+ 9001cdmwyh dm kh chyhcwdyìswach xtd cfmsagdyhlfs 9- ªWed Ihsacs fo Easwfyqº+ ewwp>&&rrr-dg-bfv&ptis&phy ewwp>&&rrr-dg-bfv&ptis&phydmws& dmws& Easwfyq&Ihsacs-ewlk %cfmstkwhgf dk 98 gd ntmaf+ 9001!lès kkhlhwavh+ ladmwyhs xtd sfkdlfs phshy pfy hkwf kfs gdwhkkds ldmfyds- ¶Hkbtmh vd~ 3- AiìgWhlhyh Ikffl+ Edhwerffg Bhygdms+ Jdmw+ Ydamf Tmagf
2
Gflambf 9? gd sdpwadliyd
KFBFS Bámdsas 31> ?,89: Nfstá 3> 1,82: 8 Shltdk 97> 8,?: 8 Ydqds 89> 8,8?: Nfi 8> 8,89
Dsctcehmgf h tm sføhgfy %Bám- 31> ?,89! Wfgfs ydspfmgdlfs gd lhmdyh gaodydmwd h khs khs vhya vhyahg hghs hs dupd dupdya yadm dmca cahs hs gd kh vagh vagh-- Kh ctds ctds,, waóm ds sa ydspfmgdlfs h mtdswyhs dupdyadm, cahs cahs pfy pfy dkdc dkdcca caóm óm++ f pfy pfy tmh tmh ydhc ydhcca caóm óm amsw amswam amwa wa,, vh- Hkbtadm ptgadyh pdmshy xtd Nfsá ehiìh gdsh gdshyy yyfk fkkh khgf gf tmh tmh hcwa hcwawtg wtg mdbh mdbhwa wavh vh hmwd hmwdss gd sdy sdy vdmgagf cflf dsckhvf+ wflhmgf dm ctdmwh kfs mtldyfsfs gdshoìfs xtd dmoydmwó dm st vagh- Dsh hcwawtg pfgyìh amcktsf ehidy hodcwh, gf h kh ydkhcaóm cfm st gtdøf+ qh xtd Nfsá dswhih hcfswtliyhgf h kh kaidywhg ladmwyhs vavìh cfm st ohlakah- Sam dlihybf+ Nfsá gdid ehidy ehidy dscfba dscfbagf gf tmh hcwawt hcwawtgg ydkhwa ydkhwavhl vhldmw dmwdd pfsawavh ydspdcwf h st sawthcaóm+ wflhmgf dm ctdmwh xtd st hlf Pfwaohy kf ehiìh dmchybh, gf gd wfghs sts pfsdsafmdsYdcfmfcdlfs whliaám xtd amcktsf dm kh cèycdk+ Nfsá gdsdlpdøhih tm chybf gd cadywh htwfyaghg- Sam dlihybf+ dm hxtdk lfldmwf gd st vagh+ wtvf xtd dmoydmwhy fwyf ydwf> kh hcwawtg pyfvfchgfyh gd kh ltndy gd PfwaohySd mdbó h gdsefmyhy+ mf whm sfkf h st hlf+ samf samf h hkbtad hkbtadmm hþm lès lès alpfyw alpfywhmw hmwd> d> h st Gafs Gafs %Bám- 31> 5,80!- Kh ltndy gd Pfwaohy cfmwa, mthldmwd hsdgahih h Nfsá+ pdyf byhcahs h Gafs+ dswd nfvdm ydpdwaghldmwd ydceh~ó sts amsa amsamth mthca cafm fmdsds-Cf Cflf lf ydstk ydstkwh whgf gf gd dkkf dkkf++ vdlf vdlfss gd mtdvf Nfsá chtwavf- Sd gacd xtd> ªNfsá otd tm vdyghgdyf ydpydsdmwhmwd gd Asyhdk dm dk phpdk xtd gdsdlpdøó dm kh easwfyah gdk ptd, ikf+ q dm kh lhmdyh dm xtd ák vavaóº-Tmh -Tmh agdh 5
¶Tmh gdcasaóm+ f tmh chsthkaghg6 amwd amwdyd ydsh shmw mwdd ds xtd xtd Shms Shmsóm óm++ cthm cthmgf gf sd dmoy dmoydm dm,, wó tm gdshoìf salakhy+ stctliaó dm gfs fch, safmds- %_dy Ntdcds 87+ 8?-! ¶Otd pfy gdca, saóm pyfpah+ f pfy chsthkaghg6
Kh easwfyah gd Nfi mfs dmsdøh xtd khs gdcasafmds ptdgdm hodcwhy mtdswyf gdswamf dwdymfTm sfkghgf dm dk dnáycawf %Nfs- 3> 1,82! Nfstá otd cfkfchgf dm tmh pfsacaóm gd htwfyaghg phyh gayabay hk ptdikf gd Gafs tmh vd~ xtd cyt~hyh dk yìf Nfygèm- Dm Nfstá 3> 1,83+ kf vdlfs ehikhmgf cfm htghcah q ckhya khyagh ghgg dm cth cthmwf mwf h kh ofyl fylh dm xtd kfs kfs asyh asyh,, dkawhs gdiìhm dmwyhy dm kh Wadyyh Pyfldwagh¶Pfgìh ehidy hkbtadm cfm lès dupdyadmcah q lhgtyd~ phyh kkdvhy h chif tmh whydh whm al, pfywhmwd6 ¶Hchsf pfgyìh ehidykf edcef hk, btadm xtd wtvadyh tm gfcwfyhgf dm kagdyh~, bf6 ¶Dswhih kh gaspfmaiakaghg gd Nfstá ihsh, gh dm tmh salpkd chsthkaghg+ f sd gdiaó h tmh gdcasaóm gdkaidyhgh gd st phywd6 ¶Pfgyìhlfs gdcay xtd Gafs kf gayabaó wfgf hk cfkfchy h Nfstá dm tmh pfsacaóm gd alpfywhmcah6
Pdysabtadmgf h tmh chiyh gd lfmwhøh %8 Shl- 97> 8,2! Gdsptás gd kh vacwfyafsh chlphøh gd Ghva Ghvagg cfmw cfmwyh yh kfs kfs oaka oakasw swdf dfs+ s+ kf vdlf vdlfss ladm ladmwy wyhs hs ds pdysdbtagf pfy dk ydq Shþk+ ehswh kkdbhy h tm dscfmgawd dm khs lfmwhøhs- Cthmgf Shþk+ sam ghysd ctdmwh gd kh pydsdmcah gd Ghva Ghvagg dmwy dmwyhh h kh lasl laslhh ctdv ctdvh+ h+ Ghva Ghvagg sd gds, gds, ka~ó ehswh ák q kd cfywó tmh dsxtamh hk lhmwf
gdk ydq %vdys- 7!- Pdyf+ dm cfmwyh gd wfgh amckamhcaóm mhwtyhk gdk sdy etlhmf+ Ghvag gdcagaó efmyhy h Gafs- Hk kkhlhy h Shþk dk ªtmbagf gdk Sdøfyº+ sd lhmwtvf oadk h st ydqydqGhvag shiìh xtd tm gìh dswhyìh sdmwhgf dm hxtdk laslf wyfmf- Sam dlihybf+ ák mf wyhwó gd hpydstyhy gacef pyfcdsf+ pfyxtd shiìh xtd mf dyh cfyydcwf lhwhy hk efliyd xtd Gafs ehiìh cfkfchgf dm dk wyfmf- Sa lhwhih h Shþk+ ák dswhyìh sdmwhmgf tm pydcdgdmwd phyh xtd sts pyfpafs fpfmdmwds kf dkalamh, yhm hkbþm gìh-.
Fidgdcadmgf h kfs Hmcahmfs %8 Ydq- 89> 8,84! Dk ydq Yfifhl+ itschmgf hsdsfyhladm, wf+ hctgaó dm pyaldyh amswhmcah h kfs hmcah, mfs gdk Cfmsdnf duaswdmwd gtyhmwd dk bfiady, mf gd st phgyd Shkflóm- Khs ydcfldmgh, cafmds cafmds gd gd dkk dkkfs fs kd cfmv cfmvdm dmìh ìhmm whmw whmwff h Yfif Yfifhl hl cflf hk ptdikf+ sam dlihybf+ dk ydq pydoayaó hchwhy khs ydcfldmghcafmds gd hxtdkkfs xtd sd ehiìhm cyahgf cfm ák- ¶Dk ydstkwhgf oamhk6> kh sdcdsaóm gd khs wyaits gdk mfywd- Dm dk vdy, sìctkf 87+ Yfifhl pyfmtmcah st pfcf hpyf, pahgh gdcasaóm- Kh ydodydmcah h kfs dscfypaf, mds ydshkwh kf duabdmwd xtd Yfifhl amwdmwh, ih sdy- Kfs dscfypafmds ldmcafmhgfs hxtì dyhm kfs kèwabfs xtd wdmìhm hoakhgfs bhmcefs dm khs ptmwhs+ q ctqfs h~fwds dyhm ducdpcaf, mhkldmwd sdvdyfs- Kh agdh dyh xtd khs dua, bdmcahs btidymhldmwhkds sdyìhm ltq gtyhs phyh kh pfikhcaóm+ q xtd whliaám kf sdyìh dk chswabf pfy mf ctlpkay cfm khs laslhs¶Sdyìhm khs gdckhyhcafmds gd Yfifhl dk oytwf gd kh chsthkaghg+ f phywd gd tm pkhm gavamf6 Dswf þkwalf dswè alpkìcawf dm kh gdckhyhcaóm pydvah gd xtd ehiyìh tm chswabf phyh kh chsh gd Ghvag pfy kh agfkhwyìh gd
Shkflóm+ hsì cflf pfy ehidy vafkhgf dk phcwf cfm Gafs- %_dy> 8 Ydq- 88>1,83: 8 Ydq89> 84-!
Lhkgacd h Gafs q ltáydwd %Nfi 8> 8,89! Kh easwfyah gd Nfi mfs dmsdøh xtd khs gdcasafmds ptdgdm hodcwhy h mtdswyf gdswamf dwdymf- Dm Nfi 8> 8,4+ st chyècwdy q khs idm, gacafmds gacafmds ydcaiaghs+ ydcaiaghs+ pydphyhm dk dscdmhyaf dscdmhyaf phyh dk hwhxtd gd Shwhmès- Gd otmghldmwhk alpf alpfyw ywhm hmca cahh ds xtd xtd Gafs Gafs cfmo cfmoah ahih ih dm NfiNfi- Gd edcef+ kd pdylawaó h Shwhmès hwhchykf+ pdyf þmachldmwd gdmwyf gd cadywfs kìlawds %vdys89!- Hk kddy dswd ydkhwf gdidlfs ydcfyghy xtd Nfi wdlìh h Gafs %vdys- 8!+ q xtd Gafs sd ydoadyd h Nfi cflf ªla sadyvfº %vdys- 5!- Dm dswd chsf+ sdy sadyvf gd Gafs alpkach xtd Gafs dscfbaó h Nfi cfm dk oam gd wdmdy tmh ydkhcaóm dspdcahk cfm ákWfghs khs pdysfmhs xtd cfmsagdyhydlfs dm kh pydsdmwd kdccaóm+ otdyfm cfkfchghs dm sawthcafmds dm khs gdiìhm wflhy gdcasafmds xtd hodcwhyìhm st gdswamf dwdymf- Mf ds ltq gaodydmwd gd kf xtd stcdgd efqefq- Kh pydbtmwh phyh phyh xtd xtd ydok ydokdu duaf afmd mdlf lfs+ s+ ds sa vhlf vhlfss h hcwt hcwthy hy pfy dkdccaóm+ f salpkdldmwd cflf tmh ydhc, caómPHYH CFLDMWHY
8- ¶X ¶Xtá tá phpdk phpdk gdsdl gdsdlpdø pdøhh dk amwdk amwdkdc dcwf+ wf+ hk gdca, gdca, gay cólf vhlfs h hcwthy hmwd khs sawthcaf, mds xtd dmoydmwdlfs6 9- ¶C ¶Cfm fmwy wyfk fkhh Gafs Gafs mtdswy mtdswyff dmwfym dmwfymf6 f6 Lfwav Lfwavhh wt ydsptdswh- ¶Cólf pfgdlfs ofldmwhy cay, ctmswhmcahs dm khs xtd salpkdldmwd ydhc, cafmhydlfs cafmhydlfs hk wflhy tmh gdcasaóm6 gdcasaóm6 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV . Kaod %Redhw fm> Wqmghkd Wqmghkd Eftsd+ Kaod Hpp Hppka kachw chwaf afmm Swtg Swtgqq Iaikd Iaikd+ %Redhwfm> 8118!-
Ramskfr Idmm+ Rdkce Wfrm+ Sw- Pdwdy+ Ihyitgh
1
Ktmds 92 gd sdpwadliyd
Khs lhqfyds cfshs pdxtdøhs ¶Cólf khs pydoadyds6
WDSWALFMAF Lhwdf 4> 83,8?
ªKh amwdbyaghg+ kh ntswacah q kh ifmghg cyaswahmh+ ld~ckhghs+ pyfgtcdm tmh cflia, mhcaóm edylfsh- Kh cfywdsìh ds tmh gd khs byhcahs gdk Dspìyawt- Ds tm hwyaitwf cdkdswahkKfs Kfs èmb èmbdkd dkds mtmch tmch sd gdn gdnhm vdm vdmcdy cdy pfy pfy kh ph, ph, saóm+ mtmch wadmdm dmvagah+ f sfm cdkfsfs f dbfìswhs- Mambtmh phkhiyh gtyh f eayadmwd dschph gd sts khiafs- Q sa edlfs gd sdy cfl, phødyfs gd kfs èmbdkds+ whliaám gdidlfs sdy ydoamhgfs q cfywdsdsº-8
ª¶Ed efmyhgf cfm la ydspdwtfsh fidgadmcah h las phgyds6º
ldmwd kfs pdxtdøfs gdidyds gahyafs+ ctl, pkaámgfkfs cfm oagdkaghg+ ehcadmgf kf xtd pfgìh phyh hkabdyhy khs chybhs gd fwyfs6 ¶Ed bthyghgf las khiafs gdk lhk q la kdmbth gd ehikhy dmbhøf6 ¶Ed efmyhgf h Cyaswf la Ydgdmwfy+ xtadm gaf st pydcafsh vagh phyh xtd dswtvadsd h la hkchmcd kh vagh dwdymh6º9 ªDmcfmwyhg ªDmcfmwyhg wadlpf phyh cfmsfkhy cfmsfkhy h hkbþm fwyf cfyh~óm+ phyh hkdbyhy cfm tmh phkhiyh ifmghgfsh q gd hkdbyìh h hkbtadm xtd dswá ihwhkkhmgf cfm kh wdmwhcaóm+ q pfsaikdldmwd dm hokaccaómº- Hk idmgdcay h fwyfs cfm phkh, iyhs gd èmalf q gd dspdyhm~h+ sdøhkhmgf hk Pfywhgfy gd kh Chybh+ xta~è amdspdyhghldm, wd dmctdmwyds ph~+ odkacaghg q cfmstdkf phyh wa laslfº-3 PHYH CFLDMWHY
Ldgahmwd tm pyfcdsf amwdmcafmhk+ mtds, wyhs gdcasafmds ptmwthkds ptdgdm gdwdyla, mhm kh chkaghg q dk alphcwf xtd wdmdlfs dm kfs gdlès- Dm kh sdmgh cyaswahmh+ kf xtd ehcdlfs amoktqd dm dk gdswamf dwdymf gd kfs gdlès- Ldgawh dm khs sabtadmwds gdckhyh, cafmds> ªDuh ªDuhla lamh mhgg iadm iadm gd cdy cdych vtds vtdswy wyff pyfp pyfpaf af cfyh~óm q dk dswhgf gd vtdswyfs vtdswyfs hodcwfs ehcah Gafs- Amxtayag> ¶Ed gdgachgf kfs pydcafsfs lfldmwfs gd efq h wyhwhy gd cflpkhcdyld+ gd dmwydwdmdyld+ f ed edcef h fwyfs odkacds6 ¶Ed hqtghgf h kfs xtd wadmdm ydkhcaóm cfm, labf h ydmgay tmh lhqfy gdvfcaóm h Gafs q h hpydcahy khs cfshs dwdymhs6 ¶Ed kkdvhgf cfmlabf kh ydkabaóm la chsh+ ydvdkhmgf kh byhcah gd Cyaswf pfy las phkhiyhs q la cfm, gtcwh6 ¶Ed efmyhgf cfm la ydspdwtfsh fid, gadmcah h las phgyds+ bthyghmgf bthyghmgf hsì dk xtam, wf lhmghladmwf6 ¶Ed dlpydmgagf hkdbyd,
80
8- ¶Cfmsagdyhs khs pdxtdøhs cfshs xtd ehcds f gacds+ amcktqdmgf h khs sawthcafmds lès sdmcakkhs+ sdmcakkhs+ cflf wdswalfmafs gdsdhikds phyh sdbtay h Cyaswf6 9- Sa wt dswakf gd vagh eh sagf kh þmach fpfy, wtmaghg xtd wts hlabfs mf cyaswahmfs wt, vadyfm phyh cfmfcdy h Cyaswf+ ¶pfgyèm wts hccafmds %kf xtd gacds+ gd kf xtd yìds+ kh ofylh dm xtd phshs wt wadlpf kaiyd+ cólf dmoydmwhs kh oytswyhcaóm!+ hqtghy h hkbtadm h kkdbhy hk cadkf6 3- ¶Xtá ds lès alpfywhmwd phyh wa> sdy dk cdmwyf gd hwdmcaóm+ ehikhy hmwd tm byhm bytpf gd pdysfmhs twaka~hmgf tm kdmbth, nd alpydsafmhmwd: f dm sakdmcaf lfwavhy h fwyfs h cfmfcdy h Ndsþs+ byhcahs h mtdswyf chyècwdy q gaspfsacaóm6 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV 8- Ydokdn Ydokdndl dlfs fs h Ndsþs Ndsþs+ 81 gd fcwtiyd9- Ldmsh Ldmshnds nds phyh phyh kfs nóvdm nóvdmds ds+ pp- 57+ 54lhyhva vakkkkfs fshh byhc byhcah ah gd Gafs Gafs+ p- 8993- Kh lhyh
Dkdhmfy Ldja+ Kddgs+ Ydamf Tmagf
¶Xtá wadmd xtd vdy dsf cfm kh vagh6 D_AGDMCAH Bámdsas 32> 93,3?
Pdhyk Ehyify( ¨Wydcd gìhs( ¨Kh Phsaóm gd Cyaswf( Dswhs sfm pdkìctkhs gd Efkkqrffg xtd
sd ihshm dm kh easwfyah- Hkbtmfs pfgyìhm hybt, hybt, ldmwhy xtd sts wyhlhs sd hphywhm gd kh vdy,
Pfgdlfs Pfgdlfs pdylhmdcdy hphywd gdk lhk xtd mfs yfgdhghg- Pdyf+ sdh cflf otdyd+ h kfs sdyds etlh, mfs sadlpyd kds eh ohscamhgf cfmwdlpkhy dk phshgf phyh hpydmgdy gd xtadmds mfs pydcd, gadyfm q cfmfcdy khs cfmsdctdmcahs gd sts hccafmds- Phyh hkbtmfs+ kfs oaklds easwóyacfs mf phshm gd sdy tm lfwavf gd dmwydwdmaladm, wf- Htm hsì+ hkbtmfs dspdcwhgfyds hgxtadydm mtdvhs pdyspdcwavhs q cfmfcaladmwfs xtd kds pdylawdm cfmfcdy xtd dk ltmgf sd whlihkdh h chtsh gd khs hccafmds gdk phshgf¶Pfy xtá gdidlfs dsctgyaøhy kh easwfyah6 ¶Pfy ¶Pfy xtá xtá dswh dswhik ikdc dcdy dy byhm byhmgd gdss ltsd ltsdfs fs66 ¶Pfy ¶Pfy xtá xtá kkdvhlfs ydbaswyfs cfmwhikds6 ¶Xtá tsf wadmd dscyaiay dscyaiay gahyafs f iafbyhoìhs6 Kf ehcdlfs phyh hpydmgdy gdk phshgf gdiagf hk edcef gd xtd mtdswyf phshgf hodcwhyè h mtdswyf otwtyfDk ltmg ltmgff ptdg ptdgdd twak twaka~ a~hy hy dk phsh phshgf gf pfy pfy yh, yh, ~fmds sdctkhyds+ pdyf Gafs wadmd lfwavfs dspa, yawthkds phyh xtd wfgfs hpydmghlfs gd kfs hcfmwdcaladmwfs ydbaswyhgfs dm kh Iaikah- Pfy dndlpkf+ dndlpkf+ pdmsdlfs dm tm hgfkdscdmwd xtd mf phshyìh gd sdy tm phswfy gd fvdnhs- Ák mf ds lès xtd tm mólhgh xtd vavd dm tmh wadmgh gd chlphøh+ pdyf gdsptás gd dswhy pyasafmdyf pyasafmdyf
Lhywds 95 gd sdpwadliyd
dm tm pf~f kkdbh h sdy pyfpadghg pyfpadghg gd tm efl, iyd hgamdyhgf- Dswd hgfkdscdmwd wadmd xtd hghpwhysd h gaodydmwds cflaghs+ h dgaoacafs cfmswytagfs gd padgyh q h kh fptkdmcah gd Dbapwf- Kh lhqfy phywd gd mfsfwyfs+ hk vdymfs dm tmh sawthcaóm salakhy mfs sdmwayìhlfs hwd, lfya~hgfs lfya~hgfs q xta~è gdsdhyìhlfs gdsdhyìhlfs shkwhy gd mtd, vf hk pf~f- Hxtdk hgfkdscdmwd pfgìh ehidy dmwfmhgf tmh chmcaóm wyaswd q ehidysd dmwyd, bhgf h tmh vagh gd pyflasctaghg q dmbhøfPdyf dyf mf kf ea~f~f- Cfm dk wadlp dlpf sd cfmvaywa ywaó dm tmf gd kfs efliyds efliyds lès amoktqdmwds amoktqdmwds gd Dbap, wfwf- Dsh Dsh otd otd kh dupd dupdya yadm dmca cahh gd Nfsá Nfsá-- %Kdd %Kdd Bámd Bámdsa sass 31> ?,89: 78> 78,7?-! ¶Xtá wadmd xtd vdy st vagh cfm kh mtds, wyh6 ¶Xtá ptdgdm hpydmgdy pdysfmhs sfoaswa, chghs gd mtdswyf wadlpf gd tm chlpdsamf dsckhva~hgf dm dk hmwabtf Dbapwf6 Pyaldyf+ pdmsdlfs pdmsdlfs xtd Nfsá vdìh h Dbapwf whm hldmh, ~hmwd cflf mtdswyh lfgdymh sfcadghg kf ds phyh mfsfwyfs- Dyh whm oècak hihmgfmhy h Gafs dm dk Dbapwf gd hmwhøf+ cflf kf ds dm mtdswyf lfgdymf DbapwfDbapwf- Nfsá stoyaó h chtsh gdk hihmgfmf+ gdk wdlfy q gd kh sfkdghg hk abth abthkk xtd xtd mfsf mfsfwy wyfs fs dm dk ltmg ltmgff hcwt hcwthk hk-Byhcahs h dswd ydkhwf+ shidlfs xtd htm dm ldgaf gd cayctmswhmcahs sfiydcfbdgfyhs+ f gd tm amcadywf otwtyf+ pfgdlfs pdylhmdcdy hphywd gdk lhk xtd mfs yfgdhPfy whmwf+ mf ds gd duwyhøhy xtd kh gavamh Pyfvagdmcah Pyfvagdmcah kd amgachyh h Lfasás xtd gdiìh yd, baswyhy kh easwfyah gd Nfsá q fwyhs salakhydsGafs vaf tm ltmgf kkdmf gd dbfìslf+ q gd hkbþ hkbþmm lfgf lfgf stpf stpf xtd xtd tm sdmc sdmcakakkf kf ydkh ydkhwf wf ydspdcwf ydspdcwf h kh hcwthcaóm gd tm amdupdywf amdupdywf nfvdm pfgyìh hmalhymfs h ehcdy kf cfyydcwf-
Phtk Cfkkqlfyd+ Byhmg _adr+ Sw- Weflhs+ Ihyihgfs
88
Laáycfkds 91 gd sdpwadliyd
Layhmgf ehcah dk otwtyf dm ofylh ydwyfspdcwavh
CÓLF HCWTHY Oakapdmsds 3>83+ 87: Ediydfs 89> 8,3
Chgh mhcaóm sd nhcwh gd pfsddy tmh easwf, yah þmach xtd+ htmxtd kkdmh gd ydkhwfs gd btd, yyh q gd ph~+ gd kaidywhg q gd dsckhvawtg+ gd vacwfyahs q hlhybhs gdyyfwhs: ds hkbf phyh sdy hpydcahgf- Hkbtmfs lfmtldmwfs mhcafmhkds ctdmwhm tmh fybtkkfsh easwfyah phyh idmdoacaf gd bdmdyhcafmds bdmdyhcafmds otwtyhs q phyh cydhy tm sdmwa, gf gd agdmwaghg mhcafmhk+ hk ehcdy xtd kh du, pdyadmcah gd dkkfs sdh kh lìh q pfswdyafyldm, wd+ whliaám sdh kh mtdswyhCflf ptdikf gd Gafs+ wdmdlfs tmh yach easwfyah ydbaswyhgh ydbaswyhgh dm st PhkhiyhPhkhiyh- Ds ydcfmofy, ydcfmofy, whmwd shidy xtd Ndsþs+ dk laslf xtd mfs cfm, cdgd tmh agdmwaghg dspayawthk+ dspayawthk+ q xtadm bhyhm, wa~h wa~h mtds mtdswy wyhh shkv shkvhc hcaó aóm+ m+ ds dk dnd dnd gd gace gacehh easw easwf, f, yah- Chgh gìh mtdswyh vagh cfmofylh mtdvfs chpìwtkfs dm gacef ydkhwf- ¶Hchsf layhy ehcah hwyès mfs hqtgh h wyh~hy dk chlamf h sdbtay q h ydghc ydghcwh whyy lhmts lhmtscya cyawf wfss gabm gabmfs fs gd sdy sdy kdìgf kdìgfs6 s6 ¨Sì( ¨Sì( Q wfgf gdpdmgd gd mtdswyh pdyspdcwavh- Dm 8 Shltdk 2+ Asyhdk sd samwaó gdyyfwhgf pfy kfs oakaswdfs- Mf phydcìh ehidy dspdyhm~h hkbtmhDk hych gd Gafs ehiìh dswhgf sdctdswyhgh gt, yhmwd vdamwd khybfs høfs dswtvf dm Xtayahw Ndhyal- Sam dlihybf+ dk gìh dm xtd Shltdk dswhikdcaó dk lfmtldmwf gd Didmd~dy+ fct, yyaó kh vacwfyah- Hxtdkkh vacwfyah mf stybaó hk dkkfs dmofchysd dm kfs oakaswdfs- Lès iadm+ sd fiwtvf hk hpdkhy h st Gafs wfgfpfgdyfsfwfgfpfgdyfsf- Hsì+ Shltdk ptgf gdcay> ªDk Sdøfy mf eh gdnhgf gd hqtghymfsº %8 Shl- 2>89! Hk kddy q dswtgahy khs easwfyahs gd kh Iaikah dswd wyaldswyd+ eh~ kf sabtadmwd> sabtadmwd>
89
gdmwao ìchwd ìchwd cfm cfm kfs pdysfm pdysfmhnd hndss h dswtgahy- Mf • Agdmwao
hcwþds gdlhsahgf yèpagf hk nt~bhy f ctdswaf, mhy sts gdcasafmds q hccafmds- Cfmsagdyh wts pyfpahs gdcasafmds q hccafmds- Cfmwdlpkh h Gafs h wyhvás gd sts fnfs- ¶Cólf otdyfm
ªGafs mf btìh nhlès h sts eanfs gd fwyf lfgf xtd dk xtd dkkfs laslfs dscfbdyìhmºtshgfs dm dk laslf ktbhy gfmgd dswhihm6 ¶Cólf ptdgd dk Sdøfy twaka~hywd h wa6 admsh xtd wt wt d updyadm updyadmcah cah ptdgd sdy tmh tmh gd vac, • Padm wfya wfyah- Gafs kf eh edcef hmwds- Ák pyfldwd
ehcdykf gd mtdvf- Cthmgf wd gacd xtd sabhs hgdkhmwd+ mf wd cfmcdmwyds dm dk hbth xtd stybd h wt hkydgdgfy- ¨Fidgdcd( Dmwfmcds kh vacwfyah sdyè wtqhCydd xtd Gafs Gafs wadmd wadmd tm pkhm pydcashldmwd pydcashldmwd phyh • Cydd wa- Hk cfmsagdyhy khs easwfyahs gdk phshgf+
pìgdkd xtd wd ydvdkd gacef pkhm- Kfs edcefs wyaswds ptdgdm sdy phywd gd wt easwfyah+ pdyf cfmoìh xtd ªGafs mf btìh nhlès h sts eanfs gd fwyf lfgf xtd dk xtd dkkfs laslfs dscf, bdyìhm+ sa ptgadyhm vdy dk oam gdsgd dk pyamca, paf q gascdymay kh bkfyah gdk gdsabmaf xtd ctlpkdm cflf cfkhifyhgfyds cfm Gafsº-. PHYH CFLDMWHY
8- ¶Xtá dswès dscyaiadmgf dm dk lhmtscyawf gd wt vagh6 9- ¶Xtá dvagdmcahs wadmds gd xtd Gafs gayabd wt vagh6 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV . Dk lamaswdyaf gd ctyhcaóm+ p- 350-
Sehrmh Chywdy+ Chywdy+ Etsihmgs+ Sw- Nhlds+ Ihyihgfs
¶Xtaám wdmgyè mdcdsaghg gd dshs easwfyahs6 FPAMAÓM Lhwdf 94> 88
Dm dk ydphsf gd kh easwfyah duaswd tm ammdbhikd dkdldmwf dgtchwavf- Tmf cfmfcd kfs kfbyfs gd gavdyshs cavaka~hcafmds+ xtaá, mds otdyfm sts hcwfyds lès gdswhchgfs q
Gafs mf eh dkalamhgf kh pfsaiakaghg gd kh gtghxtá dyyfyds sd gdidm dvawhy- Cydf xtd kh eas, wfyah sdctkhy mfs pyfpfycafmh gdwdylamhgf phyèldwyf+ hk abthk xtd kh easwfyah xtd fi, fi, sdyvhlfs dm kh Iaikah- Ldgahmwd kfs wdswalfmafs wdswalfmafs gd gaodydmwds pdysfmhnds iìika, cfs hpydmgdlfs gd sts ktcehs cfmwyh dk pdchgf- Cfmfcdlfs sts wyatmofs q sts oyh, chsfs+ hsì cflf kh alpfywhmcah gd kh byhcah phyh shmhy h kh gfkagh etlhmaghgPhyh mfsfwyfs+ kf otmghldmwhk ds xtd kh easwfyah gdk sdy etlhmf hpdmhs eh chliah, gf- Gd edcef+ mtdswyh vagh phydcd dmlhy, chgh dm kf ydpdwawavf- Dm kh cfmwyfvdysah ds, ds, payawthk mf ehq mhgh mtdvf gdihnf gdk sfkPfy kf whmwf+ ¶xtá ydkdvhmcah wdmgyèm dswfs ydkhwfs phyh mfsfwyfs6 Pfy dmcalh gd wfgf+ cydf xtd dk findwavf gavamf+ hk amspayhy h kfs efliyds h dscyaiay st easwfyah h wyhvás gd kfs edcefs gd kh vagh ydhk gd gaodydmwds amga, vagtfs+ otd pydsdmwhy st amwdmsf amwdyás dm kfs hstmwfs cfwagahmfs gd chgh tmf gd mfsf mfsf , wyfs %dm dsd dmwfmcds q hefyh!¶Cólf shidlfs xtd gacehs easwfyahs sfm gd cfmoahy6 cfmoahy6 ¶Xtá ¶Xtá ds gabmf gabmf gd cfmoah cfmoahm, m, ~h ydspdcwf h dkkhs6 {Gafs mtmch mfs pagd xtd cydhlfs sam ghymfs stoacadmwd dvagdm,
Ntdvds 30 gd sdpwadliyd
cahs sfiyd khs xtd pfghlfs ihshy mtdswyh od- St duaswdmcah+ st chyècwdy+ kh vdyhcaghg gd st phkhiyh+ sfm dswhikdcagfs pfy dk wdswa, lfmaf xtd hpdkh h mtdswyh yh~óm: q gacef wdswalfmaf ds hlpkaf- Sam dlihybf+ Gafs mf eh dkalamhgf kh pfsaiakaghg gd kh gtghMtdswyh Mtdswyh od gdid ihshysd dm kh dvagdmcah+ mf dm kh gdlfswyhcaóm- Hxtdkkfs xtd xtadyhm gtghy wdmgyèm kh fpfywtmaghg: ladmwyhs xtd hxtdkkfs xtd ydhkldmwd gdsddm cfmfcdy kh vdyghg dmcfmwyhyèm tm lfmwóm gd pytd, ihs dm khs xtd ihshy st od-. Khs pydbtmwhs xtd pkhmwdf efq sfm khs sabtadmwds> ¶Xtá easwfyah dswès dscyaiadmgf6 Htm, ¶Xtaám wdmgyè mdcdsaghg gd kh laslh6 Htm, xtd mf sd dswè dscyaiadmgf fwyh Iaikah+ tm ydbaswyf gdwhkkhgf gd mtdswyhs vaghs sd dswè kkdvhmgf h chif dm dk cadkf hefyh laslf Hkbþm gìh+ gtyhmwd dk ntacaf+ chgh tmh gd mtdswyhs easwfyahs sdyè hþm lès alpfywhmwd xtd hefyh- ¶Xtaám wdmgyè mdcdsaghg gd dshs easwfyahs6 Gafs khs mdcdsawhyè h oam gd pfgdy gdcay> ª¨Eacaswd iadm+ sadyvf itdmf q oadk(º %Lhw94> 98!PHYH CFLDMWHY
8- Sa kh byhm cfmwyfvdysah ds tmh cfmswhmwd phyh mtdswyh duaswdmcah hcwthk+ ¶sdyè hodcwh, gf dk ctysf gd kh easwfyah pfy khs hccafmds gd chgh amgavagtf6 9- ¶Cólf gdidyìhm ydspfmgdy kfs cyaswahmfs h khs pydbtmwhs sfiyd kh duhcwawtg gd kfs yd yd , khwfs iìikacfs+ dm vaswh gd hkbtmhs cfmwyf, vdysahkds amvdswabhcafmds cadmwìchs lf, lf, gdymhs6 gdymhs6 VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV . Dk chlamf h Cyaswf+ p- 804-
Shltdk Ifrdm+ Sw- Ktcq+ Ihyihgfs
83
_adymds 8¾ gd fcwtiyd
Lhwdyahk pyalhyaf
DUPKFYHCAÓM 9 Walfwdf 3> 8?+ 82 PHYH CFMCKTAY
Khs otdmwds easwóyachs cfmwadmdm easwf, yahs gdk phshgf- Dk hmèkasas gd dupdyadmcahs phshghs f gd hkbtmfs hcfmwdcaladmwfs ptd , gd hodcwhy mtdswyhs vaghs hcwthkds- Kfs hy, hy, ceavfs q sfcadghgds easwóyachs pyfpfycaf, mhm lhwdyahkds þwakds phyh mtdswyh vagh+ gd lfgf xtd mf ydpawhlfs pfkìwachs+ pyfbyh, lhs f pyècwachs xtd ehm oyhchshgf- Twaka~hy kh Iaikah cflf tmh otdmwd gd amofylhcaóm phyh idmdoacaf gd mtdswyh vagh dspayawthk q phyh xtd mfs cfmgt~ch h kh vagh dwdymh+ mfs cfmdcwh h kh Otdmwd gd wfgh shiagtyìhKh Iaikah ds þwak phyh ªphyh amswytay dm nts, wacah+ h oam gd xtd dk Sadyvf gd Gafs dswá dmwdyhldmwd chphcawhgf phyh wfgh itdmh fiyhº %9 Wal- 3> 8?+82!- ¶Xtá whm iadm dxtaphgfs+ dswèm tswdgds6
• Ldgawhy dm hkbtmfs dndlpkfs iìikacfs %xtd mf sdhm kfs pydsdmwhgfs dm kh phywd gdk gflambf! dm kfs xtd kfs pdysfmhnds yds, pfmgadyfm dm ofylh amwdkabdmwd hmwd tmh sawthcaóm+ f salpkdldmwd ydhccafmhyfm¶Ctèkds ¶Ctèkds otdyfm kfs ydstkwhgfs gd sts yds, ptdswhs6 • Cydhy tm cfkhbd gd hkhihm~h+ ihsèmgfwd dm kh phywd gdk ktmds cflf dk wdlh- Ltdswyh dm dk laslf kh ofylh dm xtd Gafs ptdgd sdy efmyhgf+ amcktsf ldgahmwd kfs gdwhkkds pdxtdøfs• Ydcfyghy tm lfldmwf dm xtd wt vagh sd vaf hodcwhgh pfy kh hqtgh gd hkbtadm dm tm lfldmwf gd mdcdsaghg• Cflphyhy kfs gdshoìfs gd vavay efmyhmgf h Gafs gtyhmwd kfs wadlpfs iìikacfs+ cfm kfs gdshoìfs xtd duaswdm dm dk sabkf UUA• Fisdyvhy dk ltmgf mhwtyhk otdyh gd wt chsh+ hphywhldmwf f gfylawfyaf- ¶Ctèmwfs dkdldmwfs mhwtyhkds sd vdm hodcwhgfs pfy kh gdcasaóm gd Hgèm q Dvh gd ay dm cfmwyh gd kh vfktmwhg gd Gafs6
CFMSAGDYH
• Dmwydvaswhy h hkbtmh otdmwd easwóyach vavh %hkbtmfs cflphødyfs+ f h vdwdyhmfs ladl, ladl, iyfs gd kh abkdsah! xtd ptdgdm ehikhy yds, pdcwf h kh ofylh dm xtd efmyhyfm h Gafs+ hk ydhccafmhy hmwd tmh sawthcaóm gaoìcak• Cfmvdyshy cfm tm hlabf ydspdcwf h khs vdcds xtd ydspfmgaó h tmh sawthcaóm dm ofylh amwdkabdmwd+ dm ktbhy gd salpkdldm, wd ydhccafmhy hmwd dkkh-
87
PHYH CFMDCWHY
Kfs sabtadmwds sfm tmh otdmwd ducdkdmwd gd dupdyadmcahs q dvdmwfs xtd ptdgdm hodcwhy mtdswyhs vaghs hcwthkds> Cehmbdg> Ydhk Kavds am h Ydhk Rfykg %Phcaoac Pydss+ 9001!: Pdy , sfmhnds sfmhnds gd kh Iaikah Iaikah %Ydvadr %Ydvadr hmg hmg Edyhk Edyhkgg+ 8115!: Bdfybd Jmabew+ Mtdswyh abkdsah %Hpah+ 9002!-
Yacj Ikfmgf+ Ckhyjsvakkd+ Lhyqkhmg+ DD-TT-
