LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM EKOLOGI PERTUMBUHAN METODA JALUR (TRANSEK)
OLEH : Nama
: Ulandari
NIM
: F1!11"1#1
K$l%m&%'
: ( Lima )
PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK *1#
BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang
K$+ia,an anali-i- .$+$,a-i &ada da-arn/a ada * ma0am m$,%d$ d$n+an &$,a' dan ,an&a &$,a'2 Sala3 -a,4 m$,%d$ d$n+an &$,a' /an+ 5an/a' di+4na'an adala3 '%m5ina-i an,ara m$,%d$ 6al4r7 ,ran-$' (4n,4' ri-ala3 &%3%n) d$n+an m$,%d$ +ari &$,a'(4n,4' ri-ala3 &$m4daan)2 Tran-$' adala3 6al4r -$m&i, m$lin,an+ la3an /an+ a'an di&$la6ari7di-$lidi'i2 T464ann/a adala3 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 3454n+an &$r45a3an .$+$,a-i dan &$r45a3an lin+'4n+an a,a4 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 6$ni- .$+$,a-i /an+ ada di -4a,4 la3an -$0ara 0$&a,2 Dalam 3al ini a&a5ila .$+$,a-i -$d$r3ana ma'a +ari- /an+ di+4na'an -$ma'in &$nd$'2 Un,4' 34,an 5ia-an/a &an6an+ +ari- /an+ di+4na'an -$'i,ar m81 m2 -$dan+'an 4n,4' .$+$,a-i -$ma' 5$l4'ar +ari- /an+ di+4na'an 04'4& m81 m2 A&a5ila m$,%d$ ini di+4na'an &ada .$+$,a-i /an+ l$5i3 -$d$r3ana ma'a +ari- /an+ di+4na'an 04'4& 1 m Un,4' m$m&$la6ari -4a,4 '$l%m&%' 34,an /an+ l4a- dan 5$l4m di'$,a34i '$adaan -$5$l4mn/a &alin+ 5ai' di+4na'an 0ara 6al4r a,a4 ,ran-$'2 9ara ini &alin+ $$',i 4n,4' m$m&$la6ari &$r45a3an '$adaan .$+$,a-i m$n4r4, '$adaan ,ana3 ,%&%+rai dan $l$.a-i2 Jal4r86al4r 0%n,%3 di54a, m$m%,%n+ +ari- ,%&%+rai2 Tran-$' m$r4&a'an +ari- -am&lin+ /an+ di,ari' m$n/ilan+ &ada -$54a3 5$n,4'an a,a4 5$5$ra&a 5$n,4'an2 U'4rann/a ,r$+an,4n+ &ada 5$5$ra&a '%ndi-i2 Tran-$' 5$r,464an 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 3454n+an &$r45a3an .$+$,a-i dan &$r45a3an lin+'4n+an -$r,a 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 3454n+an .$+$,$ra-i /an+ ada di-4a,4 la3an -$0ara 0$&a,2 B. Masalah 12 5a+aimana m$n+$,a34i '%m&%-i-i ,4m543an &ada -4a,4 da$ra3 a,a4 &ada
-4a,4 ar$a ,$r,$n,4; C. Tujuan
Un,4' m$n+$,a34i '%m&%-i-i ,4m543an &ada -4a,4 da$ra3 a,a4 &ada -4a,4 ar$a ,$r,$n,42
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
$+$,a-i m$r4&a'an '4m&4lan ,4m5438,4m543an 5ia-an/a ,$rdiri dari 5$5$ra&a 6$ni- /an+ 3id4& 5$r-ama8-ama &ada -4a,4 ,$m&a,2 Dalam m$'ani-m$ '$3id4&an 5$r-ama ,$r-$54, ,$rda&a, in,$ra'-i /an+ $ra, 5ai' dian,ara -$-ama indi.id4 &$n/4-4n .$+$,a-i i,4 -$ndiri ma4&4n d$n+an %r+ani-m$ lainn/a -$3in++a m$r4&a'an -4a,4 -i-,$m /an+ 3id4& dan ,4m543 -$r,a dinami- (Indri/an,% *#)2 Anali-a .$+$,a-i adala3 0ara m$m&$la6ari -4-4nan '%m&%-i-i 6$ni- dan 5$n,4' a,a4 -,r4',4r .$+$,a-i a,a4 ma-/ara'a, ,4m543an2 B$r5$da d$n+an in.$n,ari- 34,an ,i,i' 5$ra,n/a ,$rl$,a' &ada '%m&%-i-i 6$ni- &%3%n2 2 Dari -$+i l%ri-,i- $'%l%+i 4n,4' da$ra3 /an+ 3%m%+$n da&a, di+4na'an rand%m -am&lin+ -$dan+'an 4n,4' &$n$li,ian $'%l%+i l$5i3 ,$&a, di+4na'an -i-,$ma,i' -am&lin+ 5a3'an &4r&%-i.$ -am&lin+ &4n 64+a di5%l$3'an2.$+$,a-i r4m&4, -an+a, 5$r+4na dalam 4-a3a84-a3a &$n+$ndalian +4lma &ada '34-4-n/a ,$r4,ama m$n+$nai in%rma-i '$ra+aman dan -,r4',4r ma4&4n '%m&%-i-i- .$+$,a-i r4m&4, di -4a,4 a-al (Ali *<)2 M$n4r4, O%-,in+ (1<#) m$n/a,a'an 5a3=a ,ran-$' m$r4&a'an +ari-am&lin+ /an+ di,ari' m$n/ilan+ &ada -$54a3 5$n,4''an a,a4 5$5$ra&a 5$n,4'an2 Tran-$' 64+a da&a, di&a'ai dalam -,4di al,i,4id$ dan m$n+$,a34i &$r45a3an '%m4ni,a- /an+ ada (H$dd/ 1<<#)2 Tran-$' adala3 6al4r -$m&i, m$lin,an+ la3an /an+ a'an di&$la6ari7 di-$lidi'i2 T464ann/a adala3 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 3454n+an &$r45a3an .$+$,a-i dan &$r45a3an lin+'4n+an a,a4 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 6$ni- .$+$,a-i /an+ ada di -4a,4 la3an -$0ara 0$&a,2 Dalam 3al ini a&a5ila .$+$,a-i -$d$r3ana ma'a +ari- /an+ di+4na'an -$ma'in &$nd$'2 Un,4' 34,an 5ia-an/a &an6an+ +ari- /an+ di+4na'an -$'i,ar m81 m2
-$dan+'an 4n,4' .$+$,a-i -$ma' 5$l4'ar +ari- /an+ di+4na'an 04'4& m81 m2 A&a5ila m$,%d$ ini di+4na'an &ada .$+$,a-i /an+ l$5i3 -$d$r3ana ma'a +ari- /an+ di+4na'an 04'4& 1 m (Rama>a- *1*)2 S$dan+'an m$n4r4, Od4m (1<<") ,ran-$' adala3 6al4r -$m&i, m$in,an+ la3an /an+ a'an di&$la6ari7 di-$lidi'i2 M$,%d$ Tran-$' 5$r,464an 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 3454n+an &$r45a3an .$+$,a-i dan &$r45a3an lin+'4n+an -$r,a 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i 3454n+an .$+$,$ra-i /an+ ada di-4a,4 la3an -$0ara 0$&a, 2 Pada m$,%d$ +ari- ini -i-,$m anali-i- m$lal4i .aria5l$8.aria5$l '$ra&a,an '$rim54nan dan r$'4$n-i /an+ -$lan64,n/a m$n$n,4'an INP (ind$'- nilai &$n,in+) /an+ a'an di+4na'an 4n,4' m$m5$ri nama -$54a3 .$+$,a-i2 K$ra&a,an din/a,a'an -$5a+ai 64mla3 indi.id4 -$6$ni- /an+ ,$rl$=a,i %l$3 +ari-2 K$rim54nan di,$n,4'an 5$rda-ar'an &an6an+ +ari- /an+ ,$r,4,4& %l$3 indi.id4 ,4m543an dan da&a, m$r4&a'an &r$-$n,a-$ &$r5andin+an &an6an+ &$n4,4&an +ari- /an+ ,$rl$=a, %l$3 indi.id4 ,4m543an ,$r3ada& +ari- /an+ di54a, (S/a$i 1<<)2 Fr$'4$n-i di&$r%l$3 5$rda-ar'an '$'$ra&an -4a,4 -&$-i$- /an+ di,$m4'an &ada -$,ia& +ari- /an+ di-$5ar (Ali *<) 12
Lin$ ,ran-$0, (,ran-$' +ari-)
Dalam m$,%d$ ini +ari- ? +ari- m$r4&a'an &$,a' 0%n,%3 (&l%,)2 Tanaman /an+ 5$rada ,$&a, &ada +ari- di0a,a, 6$ni-n/a dan 5$5$ra&a 'ali di64m&ai2 *2
B$l, ,ran-$0, (,ran-$' -a54')
B$l, ,ran-$0, m$r4&a'an 6al4r .$+$,a-i /an+ l$5ar n/a -ama dan -an+a, &an6an+2 L$5ar 6al4r di,$n,4'an %l$3 -ia, ? -ia, .$+$,a-in/a 4n,4' m$n4n64'an 5a+an /an+ -$5$narn/a2 L$5ar 6al4r 4n,4' 34,an an,ara 181 m ,ran-$' 1 m di+4na'an 6i'a -$ma' dan ,4na- di5a=a3 dila'4'an ,$,a& a&a5ila 3an/a &%3%n8&%3%nn/a /an+ d$=a-a di &$,a''an i,4 m$r4&a'an ,ran-$' /an+ 5ai' 1 m2 Pan6an+ ,ran-$' ,$r+an,4n+ &ada ,464an &$n$li,ian dimana -$,ia& -$+m$nn/a di&$la6ari .$+$,a-in/a (S%$rian$+ara 1<<@)2
BAB III METODOLOI A. !aktu "an Te#$at Hari7Tan++al : Min++4 7 1 Jan4ari *1# a',4 : @2 IB 8 S$l$-ai T$m&a, : H4,an MEPA Un,an B. Alat "an Bahan M$,$ran • Pan0an+ • Kan,%n+ Pla-,i' • La5$l • T$rm%m$,$r • S%il T$rm%m$,$r • S%il M%i-,4r$ M$,$r • H/+r%m$,$r • C. Cara Kerja 12 P$r,ama 'ali di54a, 6al4r7 ,ran-$' -$&an6an+ 1 m d$n+an m$n++4na'an ,ali
&la-,i'2 *2 K$m4dian &ada -$,ia& * m di54a, &l%, '4adra, d$n+an 4'4ran 11 m2 "2 Un,4' &%3%n /an+ di4'4r adala3: 6$ni- -&$-i$- DBH (Diam$,$r 5r$a-, 3i+3) ,in++i &%3%n dan 0%.$r2 C2 Un,4' -am&lin+ di54a, &l%, d$n+an 4'4ran 1 m didalam &l%, 11 m a,a4 d$n+an m$m5a+i &l%, ,$r-$54,2 2 Un,4' -$$dlin+ di54a, &l%, d$n+an 4'4ran 11 m dalam &l%, 1 m2 #2 Un,4' -am&lin+ dan -$$dlin+ di4'4r diam$,$r 6$ni- ,4m543an dan 64mla3n/a2 !2 Ji'a nama ,4m543an ,ida' di'$nal 3ar4- diam5il 0%n,%3 ,anaman ,$r-$54, dan dima-4''an '$ dalam &la-,i' 5$-ar 4n,4' d54aa, 3$r5ari4m dan diid$n,ii'a-i2 @2 Da,a /an+ di&$r%l$3 dianali-a2
BAB I% HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN A. Has&l Penga#atan
Anal&sa %egetas& 'Met("e Transek) Ta*el +. N&la& Anal&sa Kuant&tat&, Se#a& Set&a$ Pl(t
Jl3 N%
S&$-i$-
Jl3
&l%,7
Indi.id4
4'4ran
KM
KR ()
FM
* "
Pa'4 45an S&$-i$A S&$-i$B
L%+
FR
INP
-& 7
(INP -&
()
()
INP
7
,%,al
,%,al)
&l%, 1
INP
*
17 **
#*
#1
*
*
@#
C"
1#
17 **
1*
1*
*
*
"!
1<
1"
@
17 **
*
1<
*
*
CC
**
1"
1
17
#
<
*
*
"2<
1#
1*
<#
1
1
1
1
INP
H -&
K$lim&a3an R$nda3 K$lim&a3an R$nda3 K$lim&a3an R$nda3
Siri3 34,an ( C
Coscini um fenestr atum )
J4mla3
Ta*el -. N&la& Anal&sa Kuant&tat&, Panang Set&a$ Pl(t
K$lim&a3an R$nda3
Jl3 N %
S&$-i$-
Jl3
&l%,7
Indi.id4
4'4ran
KM
KR ()
FM
1
*
9
S&$-i$D
L%+
FR
INP
-& 7
(INP -&
()
()
INP
7
,%,al
,%,al)
&l%, S&$-i$-
INP
INP
H -&
K$lim&a 1
17
C
<"
*
1C"
!*
81C
3an R$nda3
1
17 **
J4mla3
K$lim&a "
#<
*
#<
*@
1C
3an R$nda3
!
<<<
1
1<<<
1
Ta*el /. N&la& Anal&sa Kuant&tat&, T&ang Set&a$ Pl(t
Jl3 N %
S&$-i$-
Jl3
&l%,7
Indi.id4
4'4ran
INP KM
KR ()
FM
FR
INP
-& 7
()
()
INP
&l%,
1
*
"
S&$-i$E S&$-i$F Lianna -&2
J4mla3
*
1
1 7 17 11 17 **
,%,al
L%+ (INP -&
7
H -&
INP ,%,al)
@
!#
*
""
1<
1!C
1
<
*
""
C*
*1
1"*
1
1C
*
""
C!
*C
1"@
1
<<
!
<<
1<@
1
K$lim&a3an R$nda3 K$lim&a3an R$nda3 K$lim&a3an R$nda3
Ta*el 0. N&la& Anal&sa Kuant&tat&, P(h(n Set&a$ Pl(t
Jl3 N %
S&$-i$-
Jl3
&l%,7
Indi.id4
4'4ran
INP KM
KR ()
FM
FR
INP
-&
()
()
INP
7
,%,al
,%,al)
&l%, 1
*
Kar$,
@
17 **
S&$-i$G
J4mla3
"
17 **
L%+ 7 (INP -& INP
*
!C
*
""
1!
#C
81<
<
*#
*
""
<
"#
8CC
"C
1
##
1##
1
H -&
K$lim& R$nda3 K$lim& R$nda3
Grafk Analisa Kuantitati Semai pada Setiap Plot 100 90 80
Jumlah
70
KM
60
KR
50
FM
40
FR
30
INP
20 10 0 1
2
3
spesies
4
Grafk Analisa Kuantitati Pancang pada Setiap Plot 160 140 120
Jumlah
KM
100
KR
80
FM
60
FR INP
40 20 0 1
2
spesies
Grafk Analisa Kuantitati Tiang pada Setiap Plot 120 100 KM
80
KR
Jumlah
FM
60
FR 40
INP
20 0 1
2
spesies
3
Grafk Analisa Kuantitati Pohon pada Setiap Plot 120 100 KM
80
KR
Jumlah
FM
60
FR 40
INP
20 0 1
2
spesies
B. Pe#*ahasan
Pada &ra',i'4m m$,%da 6al4r (,ran-$') ini 5$r,464an 4n,4' m$n+$,a34i '%m&%-i-i ,4m543an &ada -4a,4 da$ra3 a,a4 &ada -4a,4 ar$a ,$r,$n,42 Pra',i'4m ini dila'-ana'an di 34,an FEKON UNTAN d$n+an m$n+ama,i '%m&%-i-i ,4m543an /an+ ada di da$ra3 ,$r-$54,2 Un,4' m$n+$,a34i '%m&%-i-i ,4m543an ini dila'4'an d$n+an m$n+3i,4n+ '$ra&a,an m4,la' '$ra&a,an r$la,i.$ r$'4$n-i m4,la' r$'4$n-i r$la,i.$ dan d%minan-i ,4m543an /an+ ada &ada da$ra3 ,$r-$54,2 P$n+ama,an &ada &ra',i'4m ini dila'4'an &ada $m&a, l$.$l ,4m543an /ai,4 -$mai &an0an+ ,ian+ dan &%3%n2 Un,4' ala, dan 5a3an /an+ di+4na'an dalam &ra',i'4m ini /ai,4 m$,$ran &an0an+ 'an,%n+ &la-,i0 la5$l ,3$rm%m$,$r -%il ,3$rm%m$,$r -%il m%i-,4r$ m$,$r3/+r%m$,$r2 Un,4' m$n+$,a34i '%m&%-i-i 5$rda-ar'an 3al ,$r-$54, ma'a di54a,la3 6al4r ,r$' -$&an6an+ 1 m /an+ '$m4dian 6al4r ,$r-$54, di5$n,4' &l%,8&l%, l$5i3 '$0il 5$r4'4ran ** m di -i-i 'anan dan 'irin/a2 Di dalam -$,ia& &l%, ,$r-$54, di54a,
la+i &l%, d$n+an 4'4ran /an+ l$5i3 '$0il2 Pl%, d$n+an 4'4ran ** m 4n,4' m$n+idn,ii'a-i -$mai &l%, 4'4ran m 4n,4' m$n+id$n,ii'a-i &an0an+ &l%, d$n+an 4'4ran 11
m 4n,4'
m$n+id$n,ii'a-i ,ian+ -$dan+a'an 4n,4'
m$n+id$n,ii'a-i &%3%n &ada &l%, ** m (&ada -$m4a &l%,8&l%, '$0il ,$r-$54,)2 B$rda-ar'an 3a-il &$n+ama,an di&$r%l$3 ,4m543an &ada ,in+'a, &%3%n /an+ m$mili'i INP &alin+ ,in++i /ai,4 &%3%n 'ar$, d$n+an INP 1! -$dan+'an nilai INP ,$r$nda3 /ai,4 &ada &%3%n S&$-i$- G d$n+an INP <2 K$m4dian 4n,4' ,in+'a, ,ian+ di&$r%l$3 ,4m543an /an+ m$mili'i INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 &ada S&$-i$- E d$n+an INP 1< -$dan+'an 4n,4' /an+ ,$r$nda3 ,4m543an /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r$nda3 /ai,4 &ada S&$-i$- F d$n+an INP C*2 Un,4' anali-a '4an,i,a,i ,4m543an &an0an+ &ada -$,ia& &l%, ,4m543an /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 S&$-i$- 9 d$n+an INP 1C" dan 4n,4' ,4m543an /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r$nda3 /ai,4 S&$-i$- D d$n+an INP #<2 K$m4dian 4n,4' ,4m543an ,in+'a, -$mai /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 &ada ,4m543an &a'4 45an d$n+an INP @# -$dan+'an 4n,4' ,4m543an /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r$nda3 adala3 ,4m543an -iri3 34,an d$n+an nilai INP "<2 Tin++in/a nilai INP &ada ,4m543an di -$,ia& &l%, ini 64+a 5i-a m$n4n64''an 5a3=a ,4m543an ,$r-$54, m$nd%nina-i &ada ma-in+8ma-in+ &l%,2 K$an$'ara+aman ,4m543an di -$,ia& &l%,n/a
5$r5$da85$da
3al
ini
di&$n+ar43i %l$3 da/a d4'4n+ ,4m543 di-$,ia& ,4m543an ,$r-$54,2 Da/a d4'4n+ ini da&a, 5$r4&a a',%r a5i%,i' -$&$r,i -434 0a3a/a ma,a3ari 04ra3 346an -$r,a '$l$m5a5an &ada da$ra3 34,an2 '%ndi-i a5i%,i' -$&$r,i -434 4dara -434 ,ana3 dan 64+a &H ,ana32 S434 4dara di -$,ia& &l%, 5$r'i-ar an,ara *<9 -$dan+'an -434 ,ana3n/a 5$r'i-ar *C 8 *#9 dan &H ,ana3n/a C2 P$n+ar43 '$an$'ara+aman ,anaman di 34,an ini 64+a $ra, 'ai,ann/a d$n+an '%ndi-i ,ana3 ini '%ndi-i a-am da&a, m$n/$5a5'an 5an/a' ,4m543an ,ida' da&a, 3id4& d$n+an 5ai' 5a3'an ,ida' da&a, 3id4& -ama -$'ali2 BAB %
PENUTUP A. Kes&#$ulan 12 Tran-$' m$r4&a'an +ari- -am&lin+ /an+ di,ari' m$n/ilan+ &ada -$54a3
5$n,4''an a,a4 5$5$ra&a 5$n,4'an2 *2 P$n+ama,an ini dila'4'an 4n,4' C ,in+'a, ,4m543an /ai,4 -$mai &an0an+ ,ian+ dan &%3%n2 "2 Pada -$mai /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 &ada ,4m543an &a'4 45an d$n+an INP @#2 C2 Pada ,4m543an ,in+'a, &an0an+ /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 ,4m543an S&$-i$- 9 d$n+an INP 1C"2 2 Un,4' ,4m543an ,in+'a, ,ian+ /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 ,4m543an S&$-i$- E d$n+an INP 1<2 #2 S$dan+'an 4n,4' ,4m543an ,in+'a, &%3%n /an+ m$mili'i nilai INP ,$r,in++i /ai,4 ,4m543an S&$-i$- E d$n+an INP 1<2 !2 B$-arn/a nilai INP ini 64+a m$n4n64''an d%minan-i ,4m543an &ada &l%,8 &l%,2 @2 S434 4dara di -$,ia& &l%, 5$r'i-ar an,ara *# 8 *<9 -$dan+'an -434 ,ana3n/a 5$r'i-ar *C 8 *#9 dan &H ,ana3n/a C2 B. Saran T$,a& -$man+a, 'a'a'
DA1TA2 PUSTAKA
Ali I5al2 *@2 Analisis Vegetasi 12 (%nlin$)2 (3,,&:77i5alali2=%rd&r$--20%m dia'-$,an++al *C Jan4ari *1#)2 H$dd/ S dan K4rnia,i M2 1<<#2 Prinsip-prinsip Dasar Ekologi2 Ja'ar,a: Ra6a Graind% P$r-ada2 Indri/an,%2 *#2 Ekologi Hutan2 Ja'ar,a: B4mi A'-ara2 Od4m E2P2 1<<@2 Dasar-Dasar Ekologi2 Ja'ar,a: UGM Pr$--2
Ram>a3a-2 *1*2 Analisa Vegetasi2 (%nlin$)2 (3,,&:77===2na'$r,ran-2+%2 id7 -,a,i-,i',ran- 7INFO* lainn/a7A2&3& dia'-$- ,an++al *C Jan4ari *1#)2 S/a$i Ed$n S4ra-ana2 1<<2 Pengantar Ekologi Tumbuhan2 Band4n+: ITB2 S%$rian$+ara2 1<<@2 Ekologi Hutan n!onesia2 Band4n+: La5%ra,%ri4m E'%l%+i H4,an Fa'4l,a- K$34,anan IPB2
