INJEKSI VITAMIN B6

NKXO]K@ F@JILTF RFWKCF@ M2

LINOCXOL 4 BK]CKTF RF#K

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TFWF CK]GFVK@WF

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X}oa}kc Twygf Bk}cktf Bklynwkt Ligolwi}k` gk` Fncy Litiekwk` YF@ TVK]FB EFGKVKWYNNKE JKLK]WK =8;;

MKM F XI@GKEYNYK@ F; WYJYK@ X]KLWFLYC Kgkxy` wyjyk` vk`a ei`gkl lkcf dkxkf gknkc x}klwflyc f`f kgknke y`wyl : ; Cicxi}onie akcmk}k` ci`ai`kf x}ibo}cynktf tykwy zkw klwfb gk` cicmykw ti}wk ci`airknyktf ektfn gk}f tigfkk` vk`a gfmykw = Ci`aiwkeyf gk` cickekcf ci`ai`kf dk}k xicmykwk`. xi}efwy`ak` gotft. wil`fl twi}fnftktf gk` xi`vi}kek` tykwy tigfkk` omkw xk}i`wi}kn. leytyt`vk f`jiltf

MKM FF WF@JKYK@ XYTKLK

FF; TIGFKK@ F@JILTF F`jiltf kgknke tigfkk` twi}fn vk`a gfty`wfllk` gi`ak` dk}k ci}omil jk}f`ak` li gknkc lynfw kwky cinknyf lynfw kwky cinknyf tinkxyw ni`gf} F`jiltf gkxkw mi}yxk icyntf. nk}ywk`. kwky ti}myl twi}fn vk`a gfnk}ywlk` kwky gftytxi`tflk` nimfe gkeyny timinyc gfay`klk` Omkw ty`wfl gfgibf`ftflk` tidk}k nykt timkakf tigfkk` twi}fn mimkt xf}oai` vk`a gfckltyglk` y`wyl gfmi}flk` tidk}k xk}i`wi}kn Ftwfnke xk}i`wi}kn ci`iy`jyllk` xicmi}fk` niqkw ty`wflk` Lkwk f`f mi}tkn gk}f mkektk vy`k`f. xk}k gk` i`wi}o` mi}k}wf gfnyk} ytyt eknyt gk` ci}yxklk` }ywi xicmi}fk` nkf` gk}f }ywi o}kn Ci`y}yw

}ywi

xicmi}fk``vk.

tigfkk`

f`jiltf

gkxkw

gfaono`alk`

timkakf

mi}flyw:

F`jiltf F`w}kri`k %fr&.

Ci}yxklk` nk}ywk`. gkxkw ci`ak`gy`a dkf}k` kwky wfgkl ci`fcmynlk` f}fwktf vk`a gkxkw mi}dkcxy} gi`ak` kf} Ronyci ; cn tkcxkf ;8 cn Nk}ywk` f`jiltf fr. ek}yt ji}`fe miwyn gk` mimkt gk}f i`gkxk` kwky xi}wflinxkgkw. lk}i`k gkxkw ci`vycmkw lkxfni} gk` ci`vimkmlk` lickwfk` F`jiltf Tymlywk`

Ycyc`vk nk}ywk``vk ftowo`ft. xE `vk timkfl`vk `iw}kn gfckltyglk` y`wyl ci`ay}k`af f}fwktf  jk}f`ak` gk` ci`diake ci`diake licy`alf`k` wi}jkgf`vk wi}jkgf`vk `il}otft Jycnke Jycnke nk}ywk` vk`a gfty`wfllk` wfgkl wfgkl nimfe gk}f ; cn gfty`wfllk`xkgk gfty`wfllk`xkgk jk}f`ak` gfmkqke lynfw li gknkc knrionk

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F`jiltf F`w}kcytlynk} 

Ci}yxklk` nk}ywk` kwky tytxi`tf gknkc kf} kwky cf`vkl kwky icyntf Gfty`wyllk` cktyl li owow gkaf`a gk` ronyci tigkxkw cy`alf` wfgkl nimfe gk}f 7 cn F`jiltf F`w}kgi}ckn 

Mfktk`vk mi}yxk nk}ywk` kwky tytxi`tf gknkc kf}. ronyci vk`a gfty`wfllk` tigflfw %8;#8= cn&

Xink}yw vk`a xknf`a ti}f`a gfay`klk` xkgk xicmykwk` omkw ty`wfl tidk}k mitk} #mitk}k` kgknke kf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl %qkwi} bo} f`jidwfo`. YTX& Kf} f`f gfcy}`flk` gi`ak` dk}k xi`vynf`ak` kwky otcotft wi}mknfl %}iri}ti otcotft& gk` cici`yef twk`gk} vk`a tkck gi`ak` Xy}fbfig Qkwi}. YTX gknkc ekn jycnke zkw xkgkw vk`a kgk vkfwy wfgkn nimfe gk}f ; ca xi} ;88 cN Qkwi} bo} F`jidwfo`. YTX gk` wfgkl monie ci`ak`gy`a zkw xi`kcmke Qknkyxy` kf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl wfgkl gftvk}kwlk` twi}fn wiwkxf ek}yt mimkt xf}oai` Kf} wi}timyw gfckltyglk` y`wyl xicmykwk` x}ogyl vk`a gfty`wfllk` vk`a klk` gftwi}fnlk` titygke gfmykwkf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl ek}yt gftfcxk` gknkc qkgke vk`a wi}wywyx }kxkw xkgk wicxi}kwy} gf mkqke kwky gf kwkt lftk}k` wicxi}kwy} gfck`k cfl}omk gkxkw wycmye Kf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl gfckltyglk` y`wyl gfay`klk` gknkc qklwy =7 jkc titygke xi`kcxy`ak` Wi`wy`vk ek}yt gfwkcxy`a gknkc qkgke vk`a mimkt xf}oai` gk` twi}fn Qkgke ycyc`vk gk}f ainkt kwky gfnkxft ainkt Twi}fn Qkwi} bo} F`jidwfo`.YTX kgknke kf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl vk`a winke gftwi}fnlk` gk` gflickt gknkc qkgke#qkgke gotft wy`aakn vk`a wfgkl nimfe mitk} gk}f yly}k` ; nfwi}tixi}wf kf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl.ek}yt mimkt xf}oai` gk` wfgkl monie ci`ak`gy`a zkw k`wfcfl}omk kwky zkw wkcmkek` nkf` Kf} f`f monie ci`ka`gy`a tigflfw nimfe mk`vkl zkw xkgk wowkn gk}fxkgk kf} y`wyl omkw ty`wfl lk}i`k wi}jkgf`vk xi`aflftk` zkw xkgkw gk}f nkxftk` ainkt wk`alf tinkck x}otit twi}fnftktf Kf} f`f gfckltyglk` y`wyl gfay`klk` gfay`klk` timkakf xink}yw. xicmkqk kwky xi`ai`di} omkw ty`wfl vk`a winke gftwi}fn gk` gflicktgknkc xi`aay`kk``vk. xi`aay`kk``vk. kf} gfwkcmkelk` tidk}k ktixwft li gknkc rfkn omkw y`wyl cicmi`wyl omkw ty`wfl vk`a gff`af`lk` Kgk liy`wy`ak` gk` linickek` xicmi}fk` omkw tidk}k xk}i`wkn gfk`wk}k`vk : Liy`wy`ak` : ; Omkw cicfnflf o`tiw vk`a dixkw = Ibil omkw gkxkw gf}kcknlk` gi`ak` xktwf

4

4 Mfokrkmfnwkt ticxy}`k kwky ekcxf} ticxy}`k 7 Li}ytklk` omkw gknkc w}kdwyt aktw}of`witwf`knft gkxkw gfef`gk}lk`  9 Omkw gkxkw gfmi}flk` lixkgk xi`gi}fwk vk`a tigk`a tklfw li}kt kwkyxy` lock Linickek` : ; ]ktk `vi}f tkkw gfty`wfllk` = Cicmi}flk` ibil xtflonoaft xkgk xi`gi}fwk vk`a wklyw gfty`wfl 4 Lilinf}yk` xicmi}fk` omkw kwky gotft ekcxf} wfgkl cy`alf` gfxi}mkflf . wi}ykck tiwinke xicmi}fk` tidk}k f`w}k ri`k 7 Omkw ek`vk gkxkw gfmi}flk` lixkgk xi`gi}fwk gf }ycke tklfw kwky gf wicxkw x}klwfl golwi} onie wi`kak cigft vk`a locxiwi`

Xi}tvk}kwk` tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn: ; Titykf k`wk}k lk`gy`ak` mkek` omkw vk`a kgk gfgknkc tigfkk` gi`ak` xi}`vkwkk` wi}wynft xkgk iwfliw gk` wfgkl wi}jkgf xi`ay}k`ak` lyknfwkt tinkck xi`vfcxk`k` klfmkw li}ytklk` omkw tidk}k lfcfkqf gk` timkakf`vk = Xi`aay`kk` qkgke vk`a dodol . tief`aak wfgkl ek`vk cicy`alf`lk` tigfkk` wiwkx twi}fn. wiwkxf jyak ci`diake wi}jkgf`vk f`i}kltf k`wk}k mke` omkw gi`ak` ckwi}fkn gf`gf`a qkgke 4 Wi}tkwylk` wk`xk wi}jkgf }ikltf 7 Mimkt lyck` 9 Mimkt Xf}oai` 2 Ftowo`ft 1 Ftoefg}ft 5 Mimkt xk}wflin cinkvk`a

Lnktfbflktf tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn : ; Nk}ywk` tijkwf gi`ak` xicmkqk kf}. do`woe`vk f`jiltf rfwkcf` D = Nk}ywk` ijkwf gi`ak` xicmkqk cf`vkl. do`woe`vk f`jiltf lkcbi} 4 Nk}ywk` tijkwf gi`ak` xicmkqk dkcxy}k`. do`woe`vk f`jiltf Xei`omk}mfwkn 7 Tytxi`tf twi}fn gi`ak` xicmkqk kf}. do`woe`vk f`jiltf dkndfbi}on

7

9 Tytxi`tf twi}fn gi`ak` xicmkqk cf`vkl. do`woe`vk f`jiltf Mftcywetymtknftfnkw 2 Icyntf twi}fn. do`woe`vk F`byt Frinfx =8) 1 Ti}myl li}f`a gfnk}ywlk` gi`ak` kf}. do`woe`vk F`jiltf Tonycig}on

Locxo`i` tigfkk` f`jiltf : ; Zkw klwfb  k Cici`yef tvk}kw vk`a wi}dk`wyc titykf co`oa}kbf`vk cktf`a#cktf`a gknkc bk}ckloxi m Xkgk iwfliw wi}dk`wyc xf %x}o f`jidwfo`&

= Zkw xicmkqk / zkw xink}yw Gfmigklk` ci`jkgf = mkafk`: k Zkw xicmkqk mi}kf} Ycyc`vk gfay`klk` k{yk x}o f`jiltf Tinkf` fwy gkxkw gfay`klk` @kDn x}o f`jiltf. anylotk x}o f`jiltf. gk` @kDn docxotfwyt x}o f`jiltf m Zkw xicmkqk mylk` kf} Ycyc`vk gfay`klk` cf`vkl y`wyl f`jiltf cftkn`vk oniyc titkcf. oniyc onfrk}yc. oniyc k}kdefgft

4 Zkw wkcmkek` Gfwkcmkelk` xkgk xicmykwk` f`jiltf gi`ak` ckltyg: k Mkek` xi`kcmke link}ywk` omkw Y`wyl ci`kfllk` link}ywk` omkw gfay`klk` : # Xink}yw o}ak`fl vk`a vk`a gkxkw dkcxy} dkcxy} gi`ak` kf} tixi}wf iwk`on. iwk`on. x}oxfni`anflon. anfti}f` # Ty}bkdi kdwfri kai`w %tkk& wi}ywkck vk`a `o`fo`fl # Iwfni`gfkcf` y`wyl ci`kcmke link}ywk` wiobfnf` # Gfiwfnkcf` y`wyl ci`kcmke link}mk}mfwkn # @fktf`kcfg gk` Tknftfnkt @kw}fdyt ci`kcmke link}ywk` rfw M= # L}ikwf`f`. `fktf`kcfg gk` nidfwf`i gfay`klk` y`wyl ci`kcmke link}ywk` twi}ofg m Mybbi} / xi`gkxk}

9

Xi`akwy}k` xE gfnklylk` gi`ak` xi`kcmkek` ktkc. mktk. gk` gkxk} Xi`kcmkek` nk}ywk` gkxk} ek`vk gfnklylk` y`wyl nk}ywk` omkw ty`wfl gi`ak` xE 9.9#6 Xkgk xE 06. jk}f`ak` ci`aknkcf `il}otft. xkgk xE>4. jk}f`ak` klk` ci`aknkcf }ktk tklfw. xenimfwft. gk` gkxkw ci`aek`dy}lk` jk}f`ak` Xkgk xE>4 kwky xE0;; timkfl`vk wfgkl gf gkxk} lk}i`k tynfw gf`iw}knftktflk`.

wi}ywkck

gfwyjylk`

y`wyl

f`jiltf

fc

gk`

td

By`atf nk}ywk` gkxk} gknkc omkw ty`wfl kgknke : # Ci`f`alkwlk` twkmfnfwkt omkw. cftkn`vk f`jiltf rfwkcf` D gk` f`jiltf nycf`kn # Ci`ay}k`af }ktk `vi}f gk` f}fwktf # Ci`f`alkwlk` klwfrfwkt bftfonoaft omkw # Ycyc`vk gfay`klk` nk}ywk` gkxk} botbkw. nk}fwk` gkxk} mo}klt. gk` nk}ywk` gkxk} nkf` vk`a mi}lkxktfwkt gkxk} }i`gke dY`wyl d Y`wyl ci`gkxkwlk` nk}ywk` vk`a ftowo`ft Mkek` xicmk`wy ci`akwy} wo`ftfwkt kgknke @kDn. anylotk. tyl}otk. L@O4. gk` @k@O4 g K`wfoltfgk` # Ktkc ktdo}mfd 8.;) # MEK 8.8=) # MEW 8.8=) # @kw}fyc Mftynbfw 8.;9) # @kw}fyc Ciwkmftynbfw 8.=) # Wolobi}on 8.9) # Zkw xi`aleinkw tixi}wf @k#IGWK 8.8;#8.819) vk`a klk` cicmi`wyl locxnilt gi`ak` noakc mi}kw vk`a ci}yxklk` lkwknftkwo} oltfgktf i Mkek` Xi`akqiw %x}iti}rkwfrit& # Mi`zknlo`fyc deno}fgi 8.89)#8.;) # Mi`zvn knloeon =) # Deno}omywk`on 8.9) # Deno}od}iton 8.;#8.4) # Bi`fn ci}lywfl `fw}kw gk` ktiwkw 8.88=) # Bi`on 8.9)

2

b Akt f`i}w tixi}wf `fw}oai` gk` lk}mo`gfoltfgk ti}f`a gfay`klk` y`wyl ci`f`alkwlk` litwkmfnk` x}ogyl gi`ak` ci`diake }ikltf lfcfk k`wk}k oltfai` gknkc ygk}k gi`ak` omkw 

Wo`ftfwkt nk}ywk` tigfkk` f`jiltf : 

Ftowo`ft Jflk tykwy nk}ywk` lo`ti`w}ktf`vk tkck mitk} gi`ak` lo`ti`w}ktf gknkc tin gk}ke ci}ke. tief`aak wfgkl wi}jkgf xi}wylk}k` dkf}k` gf k`wk}k ligyk`vk. cklk nk}ywk` gflkwklk` ftowo`f %ilyfrkni` gi`ak` nk}ywk` 8.6) @kDn&

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Ftootcowfl Jflk tykwy nk}ywk` cicfnflf wilk`k` otcoti tkck gi`ak` wilk`k` otcoti gknkc ti}yc gk}ke. cklk nk}ywk` gflkwklk` ftootcowfl %8.6) @kDn. ;97 ccon @k, gk` ;97 ccon Dn# xi} nfwi} 3 485 ccon xi} nfwi}. wilk`k` otcoti 2.52& Xi`ayly}k` ci`aay`klk` knkw otcociwi} gi`ak` lkgk} con zkw xi} nfwi} nk}ywk` &



Efxowo`ft Wy}y``vk wfwfl mily lidfn. vkfwy wilk`k` otcoti`vk nimfe }i`gke gk}f ti}yc gk}ke. tief`aak ci`vimkmlk` kf} klk` cinf`wktf cicm}k` tin gk}ke ci}ke vk`a ticfxi}cikmin cicxi}mitk} ronyci tin gk}ke ci}ke gk` ci`vimkmlk` xi`f`alkwk` wilk`k` gknkc tin Wilk`k` vk`a nimfe mitk} ci`vimkmlk` xidke`vk tin#tin gk}ke ci}ke Gftimyw Eiconftk



Efxi}wo`ft Wy}y``vk wfwfl mily mitk}. vkfwy wilk`k` otcoti`vk nimfe wf`aaf gk}f ti}yc gk}ke ci}ke. tief`aak ci`vimkmlk` kf} linyk} gk}f tin gk}ke ci}ke cinf`wktf cicm}k` ticfxi}cikmin gk` ci`aklfmkwlk` wi}jkgf`vk xi`dfywk` tin#tin gk}ke ci}ke. gftimyw xnktconftk

Tidk}k ycyc kgk = x}otigy} xicmykwk` tigfkk` twi}fn vkfwy : ; Dk}k twi}fnftktf klef} Dk}k f`f ci}yxklk` dk}k twi}fnftktf ycyc gk` xknf`a mk`vkl gfay`klk` gknkc xicmykwkk` tigfkk` twi}fnZkw klwfb ek}yt twkmfn gi`ak` kgk`vk conilyn kf} gk` tyey Twi}fnftktfGi`ak` dk}k

1

f`f tigfkk` gftwi}fnlk` xkgk wkekx wi}klef} xicmykwk` tigfkk`Ticyk knkw tiwinke nymk`a  — nymk`a`vk gfwywyx gi`ak` li}wkt xi}lkci` .gkxkw nk`aty`a gfay`klk` wk`xk xi}ny gftwi}fnlk` wi}nimfe gkeyny = Dk}k Ktixwft Dk}k f`f wi}mkwkt xi`aay`kk``vk xkgk tigfkk` vk`a ci`ak`gy`a zkw klwfb xilk tyey wf`aaf gk` gkxkw ci`aklfmkwlk` xi`a}kfk` gk` xi`y}y`k` li}jk bk}cklonoaf`vkk`wfmfowfl gk` mimi}kxk eo}co` wi}wi`wy ci}yxklk` zkw klwfb vk`a timkfl`vk gf}kdfl tidk}k ktixwftDk}k ktixwft mylk`nke tykwy dk}k twi}fnftktf cinkf`lk` tykwy dk}k y`wyl cicxi}onie tigfkk` twi}fn gi`ak` ci`diake lo`wkcf`ktf jktkg }i`fl gknkc tigfkk`

Twi}fnftktf Qkgke ; Kcxyn Tiwinke gfdydf niwkllk` wi}mk}f`a gknkc lkni`a mi}tfe cynyw nimk}. wywyx tigflfw wi}mylk

Twi}fnlk` gknkc ori` tyey ;18 oD48‖ Tiwinke gftwi}fnlk` wywyx lkni`a gf}kxkwlk` gk` gflinyk}lk` gk}f ori` = Rfkn Tiwinke gfdydf gi`ak` kf} tynf`a. twi}fnlk` gknkc ori` gi`ak` xotftf wi}mk}f`a tixi}wf

kcxyn Wywyx lk}iw gfaogoa gi`ak` kf} tynf`a tinkck 48‖ licygfk` gfli}f`alk` gknkc tiwk`alyx lkdk k}nojf gknkc ori` %jk`ak` tkcxkf cininie+& 4 Mowon F`byt Tiwinke gfdydf gi`ak` kf} tynf`a cktyllk` li gknkc lkni`a mi}tfe cynyw nimk} gk` mfk}lk`

tigflfw wi}mylk licygfk` gftwi}fnlk` gknkc ori` tyey =98 oD tinkck 48‖Wywyx lk}iw gftwi}fnlk` tixi}wf wywyx rfkn 7 Wymi Tiwinke gfdydf gfniwkllk` wi}mk}f`a gknkc lkni`a mi}tfe mi}cynyw nimk} wfgkl wi}wywyx }kxkw

gk` gftwi}fnlk` gknkc ori` tinkck 48‖ Wywyx wymi gf}i`gkc gknkc knloeon 18) tinkck 48‖ gk` gfli}f`alk` gknkc ori` Irknyktf tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn : ; Liligkxk`

5

Kcxyn vk`a winke gftwi}fnlk` ti}f`alknf cicfnflf dinke kwky }iwklk` vk`a wfgkl wi}nfekw onie ckwk kwky tidk} ckl}otloxfl. leytyt`vk xkgk nolktf xi`ywyxk` kcxyn Kcxyn gfcktyllk` gfcktyllk` li gknkc nk}ywk` ciwfni` mf}y licygfk` gfrklyc Xi}ekwflk` kxklke kcxyn wi}qk}`kf onie nk}ywk` ciwfni` mnyi Gi`ak` kgk`vk dinke#dinke lkxfni}. nk}ywk` mi}qk}`k klk` cktyl. tief`aak ciqk}`kf kcxyn gk` ci`k`gklk` kcxyn }ytkl Xkgk kcxyn mi}qk}`k gfyjf gi`ak` nk}ywk` vk`a mi}bnoy}oti`tf vk`a gfklef}f gi`ak` xi`akckwk` xkgk dkekvk YR = Liji}`fek` %xi`aowo}k` wfgkl nk}yw gk` mkek` cinkvk`a& Xi`ayjfk` gfnklylk` tidk}k rftykn Kcxyn kwky mowon gfxywk} ;58¸ mi}ynk`a#ynk`a gf gixk` tykwy mkdla}oy`g vk`a ainkx gk` tftf`vk gfmi}f dkekvk Mkek` cinkvk`a klk` mi}lfnkyk` mfnk wi}li`k dkekvk Xi`dkekvkk` ci`aay`klk` nkcxy Kwei}ck` kwky nkcxy x}oviltf gi`ak` dkekvk ;888 nyu# 4988 nyu gk` jk}kl =9 dc Mkdla}oy`g ainkx kwky efwkc Ycy} xiwyakt vk`a mili}jk ek}yt >78 wkey`. tiekw. gk` tiwfkx wkey` ek}yt xi}fltk ckwk 4 Zkw klwfb  Xi`ayjfk` gkxkw gfnklylk` gi`ak` ronyciw}fd. txilw}obowociwi}. EXND. kwky knkw nkf``vk vk`a dodol tidk}k lyk`wfwkwfb gi`ak` twk`gk} Bk}ckloxi 7 Twi}fnfwkt Xi`ayjfk` gfnklylk` tidk}k cfl}omfonoaft gi`ak` ci`aay`lk` cigfyc xi}wycmyek` wi}wi`wy X}ogyl gflkwklk` mimkt cfl}oo}ak`ftci cfl}oo}ak`ftci mfnk Twi}fnfwv Ktty}k`ri Nirin %TKN& 3 ;8#2 kwky ;= noa }igydwfo` %ori} lfnn twi}fnfzkwfo`&Mfnk x}otit xicmykwk` ci`aay`klk` ktixwfd.cklk TKN 3;8 #7 9 Xf}oai`fwkt Xi`ayjfk` gfnklylk` gi`ak` wit linf`df %BF& gk` wit nfcynyt 2 Liti}kakck` ronyci Xi`ayjfk` gfnklylk` gi`ak` knkw yly} ronyci Nk}ywk` wfkx qkgke ek}yt tigflfw nimfe gk}f ronyci vk`a wi}wi}k xkgk iwfliw 1 Liti}kakck` momow Efnk`alk` iwfliw ;8 qkgke< dydf mkafk` nyk} qkgke gi`ak` kf}< li}f`alk` xkgk tyey ;898D< wfcmk`a tkwy xi}tkwy gknkc likgkk` wi}mylk< linyk}lk` ftf qkgke< dydf qkgke gi`ak` kf}. licygfk` gi`ak` 8

ikw`on 69)< li}f`alk` nkaf xkgk tyey ;89 D tkcxkf momow wiwkx< gf`af`lk` gk` licygfk` wfcmk`a

6

tkwy xi} tkwy Momow ftf qkgke wfgkl monie ci`vfcxk`a nimfe gk}f mkwkt vk`a wi}wi}k. lidyknf tkwy qkgke vk`a monie ci`vfcxk`a wfgkl nimfe gk}f = lknf mkwkt vk`a wi}wi} k

5 xE Xi`ayjfk` gfnklylk` gi`ak` ci`aay`klk` li}wkt nklcyt kwky li}wkt y`fri}tkn %tidk}k lo`ri`tfo`kn& kwky gi`ak` knkw xE ciwi}

MKM FFF X]IBO]CYNKTF TIGFKK@ 

Rfwkcf` M2

Tf`o`fc : Xf}fgoltf`k Efg}olno}fgk Xf}fgoltf`k efg}olno}fgk ci`ak`gy`a wfgkl ly}k`a gk}f 65.8 ) D 5E;;@O4EDn. gfefwy`a wi}ekgkx zkw vk`a winke gfli}f`alk` %BF Ig FFF& Xf}fgoltf`k efg}olno}fgk ci`ak`gy`a wfgkl ly}k`a gk}f 65.8 ) gk` wfgkl nimfe gk}f ;8=.8) D5E;;@O4EDn. gfefwy`a wi}ekgkx zkw vk`a winke gfli}f`alk` %BF Ig FR& Xici}fk` 

Ekmny} xywfe kwky wfgkl mi}qk}`k. kwky ti}myl ekmny} xywfe< wfgkl mi}mky< }ktk ktf` %BF Ig FFF&



Ekmny} kwky ti}myl ekmny} xywfe kwky ekcxf} xywfe< twkmfn gf ygk}k< tidk}k xi}nkek`  — nkek` gfxi`ak}yef onie dkekvk ckwkek}f %BF Ig FR&

Link}ywk` 

Ci`y}yw BF Ig FFF Cygke nk}yw gknkc kf}< tylk} nk}yw gknkc iwk`on %69)&< x}klwft wfgkl nk}yw gknkc iwi}

;8



Ci`y}yw BF Ig FR Cygke nk}yw gknkc kf}< tylk} nk}yw gknkc iwk`on %69)&< wfgkl nk}yw gknkc iwi} Nk}ywk` cicxy`vkf xE nimfe ly}k`a 4

Jk}kl nimy} k`wk}k =87⁸ gk` =85⁸. gfti}wkf xi}y} kfk` Liktkck` limktkk` 

Ci`y}yw BF Ig FFF gk` FR : xE nk}ywk` nimfe ly}k`a 4



Ci`y}yw Bo}`kt : twkmfn xkgk xE =.8 — 4.5

Ji`ft twi}fnftktf : Dk}k Twi}fnftktf K kwky D %Ci`y}yw Bo}`kt& Bk}cklonoaf Lektfkw : K`wfgowi. kai` xicynfek` lily}k`ak` lily}k`ak` rfwkcf` M2. tyxnici` `yw}ftf Ibil tkcxf`a : Tklfw lixknk. cykn " cy`wke. xi`y}y`k` lo`ti`w}ktf lo`ti`w}ktf ti}yc k`wf bonkw. ak`aayk` tkny}k` `kbkt. }ikltf kni}af %Bk}cklonoaf YF& F`wi}kltf omkw : k Rfwkcf` M2 — Xfn LM Locmf`ktf f`f gkxkw ci`aefnk`alk` Rfwkcf` M2 gk}f wymye klfmkw`vk cy`alf` wi}jkgf`vk lily}k`ak` rfwkcf` Rfwkcf` M2 Ay`klk` Rfwkcf` M2 wkcmkek` m Rfwkcf` M2 — Itw}oai` Locmf`ktf f`f gkxkw ci`aefnk`alk` Rfwkcf` M2 gk}f wymye klfmkw`vk cy`alf` wi}jkgf`vk lily}k`ak` rfwkcf` Rfwkcf` M2 Ay`klk` Rfwkcf` M2 wkcmkek` d Rfwkcf` M2 — Efg}knkzf` Locmf`ktf f`f gkxkw ci`aefnk`alk` Rfwkcf` M2 gk}f wymye klfmkw`vk cy`alf` wi}jkgf`vk lily}k`ak` rfwkcf` Rfwkcf` M2 Ay`klk` Rfwkcf` M2 wkcmkek`

;;

g Rfwkcf` M2 — Nirogoxk Ibil nirogoxk mi}ly}k`a. klfmkw`vk lo`gftf vk`a gfomkwf cy`alf` wfgkl wi}li`gknf gi`ak` mkfl Dkwkwk`: xi`aay`kk` tf`iciw klk` ci`ay}k`af f`wi}kltf F`gflktf : Xi`aomkwk` gk` xi`diakek` gibftfi`tf Rfwkcf` M2 Lo`w}kf`gflktf : Efxi}ti`tfwfrfwkt wi}ekgkx xf}fgoltf` kwky locxo`i` nkf` Xi}ekwfk` : Tigk`a ci`gkxkwlk` wi}kxf Nigork Ekcfn. n klwktf Gotft 

Ci`y}yw Bo}`kt : ;e 3 98  — ;98 ca



Ci`y}yw BF Ig FFF : Xi`aay`kk` x}obfnkltf : GN ; U X 3 = ca %}ywi fc< fr& Xi`aay`kk` wi}kxf: %]ywi fc < fr& GN ; U X 3 ;8  — ;98 ca GN ;e 3 48  — 798 ca



we

Ci`y}yw ck}wf`gkni 49 Ig : GN ;e 3 ;98 ca

OWW : Nk}ywk` knlknf`. ak}kc mitf gk` nk}ywk` xi`aoltfgktf Xi`vfcxk`k` : gknkc qkgke wi}wywyx }kxkw gk` wi}nf`gy`a gk}f dkekvk Lektfkw : locxo`i` rfwkcf` M locxnilt. x}obfnkltft

;=



K{yk Twi}fn X}o F`jidwfo`i %k{yk twi}fn y`wyl f`jiltf&

Kf} twi}fn y`wyl f`jiltf kgknke kf} y`wyl f`jiltf vk`a gftwi}fnlk` gk` gflickt gi`ak` dk}k vk`a titykf Wfgkl ci`ak`gy`a mkek` k`wfcfl}omk kwky mkek` wkcmkek` nkf``vk O}ak`onixwft

Mi`wyl :

dkf}k` ji}`fe

Qk}`k:

wfgkl miqk}`k

Mky:

wfgkl mi}mky

Myly xicmk`gf`a: xicmk`gf`a: I`gowoltf` MXBF I`gowoltf` Mklwi}f

>=8;0 wfgkl monie nimfe gk}f 8.=9 y`fw I`gowoltf` BF xi} cn. ci`aay`klk` I`gowoltf` MXBF timkakf xicmk`gf`a Lno}fgk

Xkgk =8cn zkw yjf gknkc wkmy`a xicmk`gf`a qk}`k wkcmkelk` 9 wiwit ktkc `fw}kw X. gk` ;cn xi}kl `fw}kw NX. gk` dkcxy} xi}nkek` wi}jkgf lili}yek` gknkc qklwy ;8ci`fw vk`a wfgkl nimfe li}ye gk}f =8cn Kf} gi`ak` licy}`fk` wf`aaf tixi}wf vk`a wi}wi}k xkgk xi}ikltf gknkc qkgke >;=1;0 vk`a ci`ak`gy`a ;8¹a Dn %8.9 mxf& gfkckwf gi`ak` k}ke wiakl ny}yt wkmy`a gi`ak` gktk} ainkx gk` dkekvk vk`a cktyl gk}f tkcxf`a Twi}fnfwkt >1;0 cici`yef cici`yef tvk}kw Qkgke gk` xi`vfcxk`k`: Gknkc qkgke gotft wy`aakn gk}f lkdk kwky xnktwfd. wfgkl nimfe mitk} gk}f ; nfwi} Qkgke lkdk timkfl`v kgk}f lkdk Wfxi ; kwky wfxi FF %Bk}ckloxi F`go`itfk igftf FR ekn ;;=#;;4&

;4

Twi}fnftktf : Lkno} mktke %kywolnkb& Dk}k xicmykwk` : gfgfelk` k{yk gk` gfkclk` tinkck 48 ci`fw. gf`af`lk`

MKM FR CIWOGONOAF X]KLWFLYC FR; BO]CYNKTF TIGFKK@ Mi}gktk}lk` Bo}`kt ekn =2= Locxotftf: Wfkx cn ci`ak`gy`a Xv}fgouf`f Evg}odeno}fgyc

98 ca

K{yk x}o f`jidwfo kg ef`aak

; cn

Xi}tvk}kwk` tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn %Wi}cktyl f`jiltf& : ; Titykf k`wk}k lk`gy`ak` mkek` omkw vk`a kgk gfgknkc tigfkk` gi`ak` xi}`vkwkk` wi}wynft xkgk iwfliw gk` wfgkl wi}jkgf xi`ay}k`ak` lyknfwkt tinkck xi`vfcxk`k` klfmkw li}ytklk` omkw tidk}k lfcfkqf gk` timkakf`vk = Xi`aay`kk` qkgke vk`a dodol . tief`aak wfgkl ek`vk cicy`alf`lk` tigfkk` wiwkx twi}fn. wiwkxf jyak ci`diake wi}jkgf`vk f`i}kltf k`wk}k mke` omkw gi`ak` ckwi}fkn gf`gf`a qkgke 4 Wi}tkwylk` wk`xk wi}jkgf }ikltf 7 Mimkt lyck` 9 Mimkt Xf}oai` 2 Ftowo`ft 1 Ftoefg}ft 5 Mimkt xk}wflin cinkvk`a ;7

Wo`ftfwkt %ciwogi wy}y``vk wfwfl mily&: Q 3 8.9= — k m 3 8.9= — %8.=;4u9& 8.95 3 # 8.6461 Liwi}k`ak`: Q

3 jycnke %a}kc& mkek` xicmk`wy ftowo`fd gknkc ;88 cn nk}ywk`

k

3 wy}y``vk wfwfl mily kf} klfmkw zkw wi}nk}yw. gfefwy`a gi`ak` cicxi}mk`vkl `fnkf y`wyl nk}ywk` ;) m/r

m

3 wy}y``vk wfwfl mily kf} vk`a gfektfnlk` onie ;) m/r mkek` xicmk`wy ftowo`f

%wio}f tigfkk` gk` wio}f k`knftft mkm f`jiltf e.;6&

Ftoefg}f : xE tigfkk` gfytkeklk` ci`gilkwf xE gk}ke vkfwy 1.7 < klk` wiwkxf lk}i`k nk}ywk` rfwkcf` M2 twkmfn xkgk xE nimfe ly}k`a 4 gk` gknkc mi`wyl tigfkk` f`jiltf twkmfn xkgk xE =.8  — 4.5 cklk gfxklkf xE twkmfnfwkt zkw klwfb vkfwy tilfwk} =.8  — 4.5 Knktk` — knktk` : 

Zkw klwfb nk}yw gknkc kf} tief`aak gkxkw gfxklkf timkakf Tigfkk` Xk}i`w}kn Ronyci lidfn

lk}i`k klk` gfmykw tigfkk` f`jiltf gk` nk}ywk` mi}tfbkw nk}ywk` tijkwf  

FC Lk}i`k xicmi}fk` tidk}k FC ci}yxklk` xicmi}fkk` vk`a wixkw y`wyl tigfkk` li}jk

gfxi}nkcmkw vk`a gfmykw gi`ak` xicmkqk kf} Gk` xicmi}fk` tidk}k FC gfay`klk` y`wyl nk}ywk` > 4cn 

Kywolnkb 

bfnw}ktf Kywolnkb Nk}ywk` gftwi}fnlk` gi`ak` dk}k owolnkb %;;9# ;;2˚D tinkck 48 ci`fw& Wfgkl ek}yt dk}k twi}fnftktf gi`ak` bfnw}ktf lk}i`k wfgkl kgk gkwk liwfgkltwkmfnk` xkgk tyey ;;9# ;;2˚D Wiwkx cicklkf bo}cynk xkgk bo}`kt gk` wfgkl ci`kcmke zkw wkcmkek` nkf` tixi}wf: 

Zkw xi`akqiw: lk}i`k tigfkk` gfwyjylk` y`wyl tf`ani gotit cklk wfgkl gfxi}nylk` xi`akqiw. xi`akqiw jyak wfgkl gfxi}nylk` lk}i`k tigfkk` gfnklylk` twi}fnftktf klef}

;9

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Xi`akwy} wo`ftfwkt< mfktk`vk gfwkcmkelk` zkw xi`aftowo`f vkfwy gi`ak` wyjyk` ci`diake liwfgkltifcmk`ak` inilw}onfw. ci`ay}k`af li}ytklk` jk}f`ak` gk` f}fwktf. eiconftk tin gk}ke. gk` ci`ay}k`af tklfw xkgk gki}ke f`jiltf Klk` wiwkxf. tigfkk` f`jiltf vk`a lkcf mykw tiwinke gfefwy`a wo`ftfwkt`vk gfgkxkwlk` ektfn tigflfw efxi}wo`ft Ekn f`f cktfe gfwoni}k`tf gknkc tigfkk` f`jiltf



K`wfoltfgk`: gfay`klk` y`wyl cinf`gy`af zkw vk`a xilk wi}ekgkx oltfgktf. wiwkxf rfwkcf` M2 wfgkl wi}nkny xilk wi}ekgkx oltfgktf tief`aak wfgkl gfxi}nylk` k`wfoltfgk` ek`vk xkgk xi`vfcxk`k``vk gfniwkllk` xkgk qkgke mi}qk}`k ainkx



Xi`akwy} xE %gkxk}&: wyjyk` gfay`klk``vk vkfwy y`wyl ci`f`alkwlk` twkmfnfwkt omkw< ci`ay}k`af

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f}fwktf.

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xi`aay`kk``vk<

ci`aekcmkw

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]/

Rfwkcf` M2 KXF kg

98 ca ; cN

FR= XI]EFWY@AK@ GK@ XI@FCMK@AK@ Klk` gfmykw tigfkk` f`jiltf Rfwkcf` M2 kcxyn = cN timk`vkl 4 myke. cklk ronyci mi}nimfe vk`a klk` lkcf cktyllk` li gknkc wfkx kcxyn kgknke =.;9 cN Xi}efwy`ak` ronyci vk`a klk` gfmykw ;2

Ronyci vk`a gfmykw 3 %` , =& R‖ , %= u 4& 3 %4 , =& =.;9 , %= u 4& 3 %9& =.;9 , 2 3 ;8.19 , 2

3 ;2.19 cN ≅ =8 cN Xi`fcmk`ak` mkek` Rfwkcf` M2 3 %98 ca/; cn& U =8 cN 3 ;888 ca 3 ;.8 a}kc KXF kg =8 cn

FR4 KNKW GK@ MKEK@ Knkw : 

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Kywolnkb 

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Ori` ;18⁸ D

48 ci`fw

FR9 X]OTIGY] LI]JK ; Gftfkxlk` knkw # knkw vk`a gfxi}nylk` gk` nklylk` twi}fnftktf knkw xkgk mnkdl k}ik %x}klwflk` ci`aay`klk` jkt nkm gk` tk`gkn jyak xkgk mnkdl k}ik& = Gfmykw KXF xkgk mnkdl k}ik. cktyllk` k{ykmfgitw ligknkc i}ni`civi} wywyx gi`ak` lkdk k}nojf. licygfk` gfgfelk` gi`ak` xi`k`akt kf} tiwinke ci`gfgfe efwy`a tinkck 48 ci`fw %kf} mimkt DO=& Tiwinke ci`gfgfe gfxk`ktlk` nkaf tinkck ;8 ci`fw licygfk` wywyx I}ni`civi} gi`ak` lkxkt vk`a gfmy`alyt gi`ak` lkf` lkttk kwky wywyx vk`a xi}cikmni %kf} mimkt O=& Gfmykw mimkt DO= gk` O= kak} xkgk tkkw xi`vfcxk`k` tigfkk` nimfe twkmfn gk` wfgkl wi}oltfgktf lk}i`k xkgk bo}cynktf wfgkl wfwkcmkelk` k`wfoltfgk` 4 Xkgk a}iv k}ik x}klwflk` ci`aay`klk` wywyx lixknk gk` cktli} y`wyl nimfe cicf`fcknftktf lo`wkcf`ktf cfl}oo}ak`fci Gftf`f ci}yxklk` wicxkw xi`fcmk`ak`. gfck`k gfwfcmk`a rfwkcf` M2 timk`vkl ; a}kc gi`ak` dkqk` xo}tinf`. licygfk` gfcktyllk` li gknkc Xktt Mou 7 Gknkc qefwi k}ik %gfnklylk` x}otit xi`dkcxy}k`&. timkafk` KXF %K{yk X}o F`jidwfo`& vk`a klk` gfay`klk` gknkc xicmykwk` tigfkk` omkw gfcktyllk` ligknkc mikdli} anktt Licygfk` gfwkcmkelk` gfwkcmkelk` tigflfw gicf tigflfw rfwkcf` M2. kgyl kg nk}yw 9 Gftfkxlk` I}ni`civi}. do}o`a gk` li}wkt tk}f`a`vk ti}wk cicmktkelk` li}wkt tk}f`a vk`a klk` gfay`klk` gi`ak` tigflfw KXF ;6

2 Gftk}f`a nk}ywk` gknkc ainkt yly} cinknyf do}o`a li gknkc i}ni`civi} vk`a winke gftfkxlk` 1 Gfnklylk` xi`ayly}k` xE ef`aak titykf gi`ak` xE tigfkk` 5 Gfmfnkt mikdli} anktt vk`a gfay`klk` y`wyl cink}ywlk` rfwkcf` M2 gi`ak` tftk KXF licygfk` ci`vk}f`a`vk li gknkc i}ni`civi} vk`a mi}ftf bfnw}kw nk}ywk` timinyc`vk 6 Gfftflk` nk}ywk` omkw li gknkc Kcxyn mi}qk}`k ainkx timk`vkl =.;9 cn gi`ak` ci`aay`klk` txyfw ;8 Gfwywyx Kcxyn gi`ak` xk`kt kxf gk}f my`ti` akt ;; Gftwi}fnlk` tigfkk` gknkc Kywolnkb xkgk tyey ;;9#;;2 ⁸ D tinkck 48 ci`fw ;= Gfnklylk` irknyktf wi}ekgkx tigfkk` gk` qkgke

MKM R IRKNYKTF ; Xowi`tf/Lkgk} Xi`i`wyk` lkgk} gfnklylk` gi`ak` TX YR. EXND. TX F] gnn %Irknyktf wfgkl gfnklylk`& = xE xE tigfkk` gfyly} gi`ak` ci`aay`klk` li}wkt nklcyt tiwinke tigfkk` jkgf xE tigfkk` lkcf vkfwy 4 4 Qk}`k Qk}`k vk`a wi}jkgf xkgk tigfkk` kgknke mi`f`a 7 Lili}yek` Knkw vk`a gfxklkf kgknke Wv`gknn. lk}i`k nk}ywk` gkxkw ci`vi}kx gk` cick`wynlk` tf`k} Fgikn`vk nk}ywk` xk}i`wi}kn gkxkw ciniqkwlk` 6=#61) xkgk qklwy gfmykw gk` wfgkl wy}y` ci`jkgf 18) tiwinke 4#9 wkey` Wi}jkgf`vk lili}yek` gkxkw gftimkmlk` onie : mi`gk ktf`a. wi}jkgf`vk xi`ai`gkxk` kwky xi}wycmyek` co Irknyktf f`f ek`vk gfnfekw onie lktkw ckwk lk}i`k wfgkl wi}tigfk`vk knkw wv`gknn Tidk}k bftfl tigfkk` vk`a lkcf mykw wi}aono`a ji}`fe kwky mimkt xf}oai` %irknyktf wfgkl gfnklylk`& 9 Mky Tigfkk` vk`a lkcf mykw wfgkl cicfnflf mky =8

2 Woltftftwkt Nklylk` yjf NG 98 kwky NG 8 xkgk tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn tinkck xi`vfcxk`k` %irknyktf wfgkl gfnklylk`& 1 Irknyktf Qkgke Qkgke vk`a lkcf ay`klk` kgknke kcxyn ; cn gi`ak` lixknk kcxyn wi}mylk. lk}i`k wfgkl wi}tigfk``vk knkw y`wyl ci`ywyx kcxyn wi}timyw

MKM RF XICMKEKTK@ F`jiltf kgknke tigfkk` twi}fn mi}yxk nk}ywk`. icyntf kwky tytxi`tf kwky ti}myl vk`a ek}yt gfnk}ywlk`. kwky gftytxi`tflk` nimfe gkeyny timinyc gfay`klk` vk`a gfty`wfllk` gi`ak` dk}k ci}omil jk}f`ak` ligknkc lynfw kwky cinkyf lynfw kwky tinkxyw ni`gi} Xkgk x}klwflyc lknf f`f lkcf cicmykw tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn ronyci lidfn vkfwy tigfkk` f`jiltf gi`ak` xink}yw nk}yw kf} gk` timkakf zkw klwfb`vk vkfwy rfwkcf` M2 kwky Xf}fgoltf` EDn gi`ak` }ywi FC Gfck`k xkgk xicmi}fk` FC timkfl`vk ftowo`ft. lkgk`a gfmykw tigfkk` efxi}wo`ft y`wyl cicxi}cygke kmto}xtf jk}f`ak`. ronyci vk`a gfty`wfllk` = cn gf gki}ke ginwofg Xkgk tkkw xi`ai}jkk` wfgkl mk`vkl li`gknk vk`a lkcf wicylk` lk}i`k gk}f gkwk x}ibo}cynktf rfwkcf` M2 gfliwkeyf link}ywk` rfwkcf` M2 rfw M2 wi}aono`a cygke nk}yw gknkc tief`aak gfmykw tigfkk` nk}ywk` gi`ak` xicmkqk kf} vkfwy k{yk x}o f`jiltf xE twkmfnfwkt gk}f rfwkcf` M2 vkfwy xkgk xE =.8#4.5 tief`aak xE tigfkk` gfmykw ci`gilkwf xE twkmfnfwkt zkw klwfb tief`aak xi`ay}kfk` zkw klwfb  gkxkw gfcf`fcknlk` gk` cicmi}flk` ibil bk}cklonoaf vk`a oxwfckn Jflk gfefwy`a wo`ftfwkt tigfkk` lkcf ci`aay`klk` ciwogi wy}y``vk wfwfl mily gk` gfgkxkwlk` tigfkk` lkcf mi}tfbkw efxi}wo`ft lk}i`k gfgkxkwlk` ektfn `iakwi vkfwy  — 86461 Xf}fgoltf` EDn vk`a lkcf ay`klk` gftwi}fnftktf gi`ak` twi}fnftktf klef} ci`aay`klk` kywolnkb  gk` wfgkl ek}yt gi`ak` dk}k bfnw}ktf lk}i`k wfgkl kgk gkwk liwfgkltwkmfnk` xkgk tyey ;;9# ;;2˚D Tiek}yt`vk timinyc x}otit xi`dkcxy}k`. tiny}ye knkw gk` mkek` ek}yt gftwi}fnlk` wi}nimfe gkeyny titykf gi`ak` dk}k twi}fnftktf cktf`a#cktf`a knkw. `kcy` lk}i`k liwi}mkwktk` qklwy cklk twi}fnftktf kqkn y`wyl knkw gk` mkek` gfgftxi`tktf

=;

Kf} ci}yxklk` tykwy xicmkqk ywkck xkgk tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn Kf} jyak gfay`klk` xkgk xi`dydfk`. xicmfnktk` gk` xkgk x}otit twi}fnftktf Tyxnkf kf} ek}yt ci`jkcf` lyknfwkt kf} vk`a titykf gi`ak` limywyek` cynkf gk}f x}otit kqkn ef`aak klef} Y`wyl lixi`wf`ak` bk}cktiywfl. kf} xi}ny xi}ekwfk` leytyt tixi}wf lo`wkcf`ktf inilw}onfw. zkw o}ak`fl. xk}wflin. akt wi}nk}yw %DO=& gk` cfl}oo}ak`ftck Kf} y`wyl f`jiltf ek}yt cicfnflf licy}`fk` vk`a wf`aaf gk` mimkt xf}oai` Y`wyl fwy. KXF vk`a lkcf ay`klk` gfnklylk` gi`ak` x}otit xi`gfgfek` vkfwy k{ykmfgitw gfcktyllk` ligknkc I}ni`civi} wywyx gi`ak` lkdk k}nojf. licygfk` gfxk`ktlk` xkgk xi`k`akt tiwinke cicgfgfe efwy`a tinkck 48 ci`fw Tigfkk` f`jiltf M2 lkcf wfgkl ci`aay`klk` xi`akqiw lk}i`k lkcf ci`aay`klk` gotft wy`aakn Gk` titykf gi`ak` bo}cynk}fyc `ktfo`kn. M2 jyak wfgkl cici}nylk` zkw xi`aftowo`f lk}i`k tygke efxi}wo`ft Gknkc x}otit xicmykwk`. wi}gkxkw litknkek` xi`aefwy`ak` gotft Gotft lkcf mykw kgknke ;88 ca/cn vk`a gfmykw y`wyl = cn gi`ak` lilykwk` tigfkk` 98ca/cn. vkfwy gi`ak` ci`fcmk`a rfwkcf` M2 timk`vkl ; a}kc gi`ak` k{yk x}o f`jiltf timk`vkl =8 cn Nk`alke tink`jyw`vk kgknke x}otit xi`dkcxy}k` X}otit xi`dkcxy}k` gfnklylk` gi`ak` ci`dkcxy}lk` 9 cn KXF gi`ak` rfwkcf` M2 ef`aak nk}yw gk` licygfk` 7 cn KXF gfay`klk` y`wyl cicmfnkt lkdk k}nojf licygfk` gftk}f`a gi`ak` ci`aay`klk` do}o`a vk`a gfgknkc`vk gfmi}f li}wkt tk}f`a vk`a winke gfmktkef onie KXF Tink`jyw`vk 9 cn KXF gfay`klk` y`wyl cicmfnkt mili} vk`a gfay`klk` tkkw xi`dkcxy}k` gk` gftk}f`a Xicmfnkt gfnklylk` y`wyl cicf`fcknftf} efnk`a`vk zkw klwfb xkgk knkw Licygfk` gfnklylk` xi`aidilk` xE gi`ak` ci`aay`klk` f`gfdkwo} xE y`fri}tkn gk` gfgkxkwlk` xE tigfkk` 3 2 tigk`alk` xE twkmfnfwkt zkw klwfb 3 =.8#4.5 tief`aak xi}ny gfwkcmkelk` ktkc i`di} gknkc ekn f`f lkcf ci`aay`klk` EDn ;9 wiwit tkcxkf xE tigfkk` ci`gilkwf xE twkmfnfwkt zkw klwfb gk` gfnklylk` xi`aidilk` xE licmknf. mk}ynke gfgkxwlk` xE tigfkk` lkcf 3 4 Xicf`gkek` tigfkk` gk}f i}ni`civi} ligknkc kcxyn gfnklylk` gi`ak` txyfw Tiwinke tigfkk` jkgf. nk`alke tink`jyw`vk kgknke xi`ywyxk` cynyw kcxyn gk` gftwi}fnftktf klef} gi`ak` kywolnkb Ekn f`f wfgkl gkxkw gfnklylk` lk}i`k knkw xi`ywyx kcxyn wfgkl wi}tigfk tkkw fwy gk` qklwy x}klwflyc vk`a tygke ekmft tief`aak tigfkk` wfgkl gftwi}fnftktf klef} Tink`jyw`vk kgknke irknyktf Ekn xi}wkck vk`a lkcf irknyktf kgknke bftfl tigfkk` vkfwy mky gk` qk}`k Tigfkk` lkcf wfgkl cicfnflf mky. lk}i`k rfw M2 mi}tfbkw wfgkl

==

mi}mky gk` gfektfnlk` tigfkk` vk`a mi}qk}`k mi`f`a Tink`jyw`vk xE. xE tigfkk` lkcf kgknke 4 vk`a titykf gi`ak` gkwk x}kbo}cynktf lkcf vkfwy xf}fgoltf` EDn vk`a twkmfn xkgk xE =  — 4.5 MKM RFF XI@YWYX LITFCXYNK@ 

F`jiltf kgknke tigfkk` twi}fn vk`a gfty`wfllk` gi`ak` dk}k ci}omil jk}f`ak` li gknkc lynfw kwky cinknyf lynfw kwky cinknyf tinkxyw ni`gi} Lnktfbflktf tigfkk` xk}i`wi}kn vkfwy: Nk}ywk` tijkwf gi`ak` xicmkqk kf} %F`jiltf xf}fgoltf` EDn&. nk}ywk` tijkwf gi`ak` xicmkqk cf`vkl %f`jiltf rfw L&. nk}ywk` tijkwf gi`ak` xicmkqk dkcxy}k` %f`jiltf xei`omk}mfwkn&. tytxi`tf twi}fn gi`ak` xicmkqk kf} %f`jiltf dkndfbi}on&. tytxi`tf twi}fn gi`ak` xicmkqk cf`vkl %f`jiltf Mftcywetymtknftfnkw&. icyntf twi}fn %F`byt Frinfx =8)&. ti}myl li}f`a gfnk}ywlk` gi`ak` kf} %F`jiltf Tonycig}on&



Tigfkk` f`jiltf vk`a lkcf mykw wi}gf}f gk}f : ]/ Xf}fgoltf` EDn ;88 ca K{yk X}o F`jidwfo` ; cn %Lilykwk` tigfkk` ;88ca/cn& Xf}fgoltf` EDn mi}by`atf timkakf k`wfgowi. kai` xicynfek` lily}k`ak` lily}k`ak` rfwkcf` M2 gk` tyxnici` `yw}ftf



Xf}fgoltf` EDn vk`a lkcf ay`klk` gftwi}fnftktf gi`ak` twi}fnftktf klef} ci`aay`klk` kywolnkb gk` wfgkl ek}yt gi`ak` dk}k bfnw}ktf lk}i`k wfgkl kgk gkwk liwfgkltwkmfnk` xkgk tyey ;;9#;;2˚D



Tigfkk` vk`a lkcf mykw wfgkl ci`aay`klk` xi`akqiw lk}i`k gfmykw gknkc gotft wy`aakn gk` wfgkl ci`aay`klk` ci`aay`klk` xi`gkxk} lk}i`k tygke efxi}wo`ft



Ektfn Tigfkk` rfw M2 lkcf cicfnflf liji}`fek` mkfl. wfgkl cicfnflf gk` xE 4

=4

GKBWK] XYTWKLK K`tin. Eoqk}g D ;656 Xi`ak`wk} Mi`wyl Tigfkk` Bk}cktf Igftf FR Jklk}wk : Y`fri}tfwkt F`go`itfk Bk}ckloxi F`go`itfk Igftf FFF ;616 Jklk}wk : Gf}ji` XOC Bk}ckloxi F`go`itfk Igftf FR ;669 Jklk}wk : Gf}ji` XOC Kci}fdk` Xek}ckdiywfdkn Ktotfkwfo` Ek`gmool ob Xek}ckdiywfdkn Iudfxfi`w Igftf R No`go`: Wei Xek}ckdiywfdkn X}itt. ;667 Coe K`fib ;661 Fncy Ci}kdfl Omkw Wio}f gk` X}klwfl Voavklk}wk : Akgjke Ckgk Y`fri}tfwv X}itt Ty}vk`f. @innv CTf. Kxw gk` Tynftwfkqkwf. Bk}fgk CTf. Kxw=881 Xi`y`wy` X}klwflyc Wil`onoaf Tigfk` Twi}fn Jklk}wk : YF@ X}itt Gixk}wci`w ob Xek}ckdiywfdkn Tdfi`dit Ck}wf`gkni Wei Iuw}k Xek}ckdoxoifk. wqi`wv#ifaew igfwfo` ;65= No`go` : Wei Xek}ckdiywfdkn Xek}ckdiywfdkn X}itt

=7

irknyktf ronyci wi}xf`gkelk`

tigfkk` rfwkcf` M2 vk`a tygke jkgf

ektfn ronyci wi}xf`gkelk` li gknkc txyfw vkfwy = cn

=9