Glomerulopatías Secundarias

Jekwine K÷ù`w D+ Ak|`xkile D`lamaki Ak|`xki 8696 Lem`k|`7 Lx+ Likane Dpùew

L`cakamaýk

Ni} jned`xpnevi|äi} }`mpklixai} x`vx`}`k|ik pk jxpve idvnae l` `kc`xd`lil`} x`kin`} mek liùe li ùe exa exajak jakil ile e `k `n `n jnedá jnedáxpn xpne. e. q yp` yp` }` li lik k `k `n mek|`r|e l` `kc`xd`lil`} }a}|ádami}+

X`n`sikmai



Vxehn`di l` jxik cx`mp`kmai `k ni vxém|ami mnäkami l` |ele dálame `}v`maina}|i+



Mek}al`xix in jnedáxpne mede ýxjike hnikme+



L`}icäe `k vixi `n mnäkame+

  Ipd`k|e

l` xa`}je MS+

J`k`xinalil`}   Ic`mmaýk

vxakmavinn e gpjix pk xen d`kex l`k|xe l` vxakmavi e|xe} medvxeda}e} l` ýxjike}+



Dikac`}|imaýk Dikac`}|imaý k akamain |ixläi



Lac`x`kmaix l` dikac`}|imaek`} }a}|ádami} vxevai} l` `kc`xd`lil x`kin

@}|xpm|pxi dexcenýjami jned`xpnix 

D`mika}de} l` n`}aýk jned`xpnix  Bav`xm`npnixalil jned`xpnix  

 I}emaile jned`xpnevi|ai} akcnidi|exai}

In|`ximaek`} 

l` d`dhxiki hi}in+

Liùe a}ypádame jned`xpnix 

 Jned`xpne`}mn`xe}a}

laihá|ami7 `kjxe}ida`k|e lacp}e q bedeják`e

D`mika}de} l` n`}aýk jned`xpnix 

L`vý}a|e} jned`xpnix`} 

Medvn`ge} akdpk`} p e|xe |ave

Midhae}

si}mpnix`}

 @l`di.

mekj`}|aýk. b`dexxijai. b`dexxijai. k`mxe}a}. |xedhe}a} q `dhena}de jned`xpnix 

Bainakawimaýk q `}mn`xe}a}

Cexdi} l` vx`}`k|imaýk



B`di|pxai e vxe|`akpxai ia}nili



]äklxed` k`cxý|ame+



]äklxed` K`cxä|ame ijple+

 Jned`xpnek`cxa|a} Xévalid`k|`

vxejx`}asi+ ned`xpnek`cxa|a} `cxa|a}  Jned`xpnek

mxýkami+

VXADIX I]  AI] Midhae} vxenac`xi|ase} 

K`cxevi|äi vex  AjI



K`cxevi|äi vex  AjD

Midhae}

ke vxenac`xi|ase}

 @kc

l` midhae} däkade}

 @kc

d`dhxiki hi}in

 JK

D`}ikjaevxenac`xi|asi

 JK  JK

mx`mák|ami

d`dhxikevxenac`xi|asi

 Jned`xpne`}mn`xe}a}

cemin q }`jd`k|ixai  Jned`xpnevi|äi

d`dhxike}i

]@MPKLIX I]  AI] Midhae} vxenac`xi|ase} 

N@]

Midhae}  



ke vxenac`xi|ase}

LD  Idaneale}a}

Si}mpna|a} si}e v`yp`ùe

 JK

 JK

ve}| akc`mmae}i

x`nimaekili x`nimaek ili i SBH$ SBM



K`cxevi|äi l` mil`ki nasaiki



SAB



Vixik`evni}ami}

 Céxdime}

Cexdi}

mnäkami} l` jned`xpnevi|ai} }`mpklixai} 

B`di|pxai e vxe|`akpxai i}ak|edé|ami



]äklxed` k`cxe|ame



]äklxed` k`cxä|ame



]äklxe ]äk lxed` d` xaù xaùýk ýk$$ vp vpndýk ndýk



]äklxed` l`xdi|e$x`kin

kc`xd`l xd`lil il  @kc`

b`vé|ami$ b`vé|a mi$ x`k x`kin in

\ave} l` Jned`xpnevi|ai}

\ave} l` Jned`xpnevi|ai}

Mni}acamimaýk vex `|aenejäi} 

D`|ihýnami}7 K`cxevi|ai laihá|ami K`cxevi|ai N÷vami K`cxevi|ai E|xi}7 ]IC. `}mn`xel`xdai? IX. @D\M

 X`pdi|enýjami}7



Si}mpna|a} si}e v`yp`ùe7 v`yp`ùe7 IK  IK  I. ] mbekn`ak$B`kemb. mbekn`ak$B`kemb. mxaejnehpnak`dai mxaejnehpnak`dai++



Akc`mmae}i}



La}vxe|`ak`dai}7 idaneale}a} idaneale}a}.. k`cxevi| k`cxevi|ai ai mil`ki mil`ki} } nasaiki} nasaiki}++



Vixik`evni}ami}

 Cé xdime} xdime}

K`cxevi|ai Laihá|ami 

86$<6% l` mi}e} l` LD AA. 90% l` LD |ave A q `} ni mip}i vxakmavin l` AX mxýkami |`xdakin "<6%!+

 @k

ni LD9 ni k`cxevi|äi meda`kwi 96$90 iùe} l`}vpá} l`n akamae l` ni `kc`xd`lil+



Ni damxeinhpdakpxai `} `n `}|ilae akamain l` ni KL `k ni LD 9 q `} pk dixmilex vixi `n l`}ixxenne l` KL `k ni LD 8+ Il`dé} Il`dé} `} pk CX mixlaesi}mpnix+

K`cxevi|ai Laihá|ami Vi|enejäi

9+ Ipd`k|e l` di|xaw d`}ikjain 8+ @kjxe}ida`k|e l` ni DH J =+ Jned`xpne` ned`xpne`}mn`xe}a}7 }mn`xe}a}7 lacp}i "ni dé} cx`mp`k|`! e kelpnix "½l` Oad`n}|a`n$Zan}ek. vi|ejked vi|ejkedýkami! ýkami!

K`cxevi|ai Laihá|ami @|ivi}

l` ni KL 9+ Bav`xcan|ximaýk "in ded`k|e l`n lj!+   Ipd CJ `k 86$<6% "MnMx l` 9<6$ 936! Damxei xeinhp nhpdakp dakpxai xai $ "> =6 dj8< b!  Dam  VI K 8+ Damxeinhpdakpxai "0$90 iùe}!+  CJ K$K in|i  Damxeinhpdakpxai "=6$=66 dj8< b!  VI `k ipd`k|e =+   

K`cxevi|äi `}|ihn`mali "96$86 iùe}!+ CJ K$K higi Vxe|`akpxai ";=66 dj8< b! VI `n`sili

<+ K`cxevi|äi vxejx`}asi "90$80 iùe}!+  CJ

`k l`}m`k}e



Vxe|`akpxai `k i}m`k}e



VI `n`sili

0+ AXM |`xdakin "86$=6 iùe}!+  CJ

> 90 dndak



Vxe|`akpxai di}asi



VI `n`sili

K`cxevi|ai Laihá|ami Dá|ele}

l` l`|`mmaýk damxeinhpdakpxai7

inhpdakpxaimx`i|akakpxai `k dp`}|xi ia}nili "l`  Xiwýk inhpdakpxaimx`i|akakpxai `n`mmaýk!  X`men`mmaýk

l` exaki l` 8< b mek mx`i|akaki. v`xda|a`kle ni d`lamaýk }adpn|ék`i l`n Mn Mx`i+

K`cxevi|ai Laihá|ami xa`k|ik i damxeinhpdakpxai ke E xa`k|ik laihá|ami7 

] mx``kakj  mx``kakj   \`}|

vixi damxeinhpdakpxai ikpin ikp in `k LD 9 ; 0 i q `k |ele} LD 8 l`}l` `n Lr+ "@!

Meda`kwe > 0 iùe} l` ni lempd`k|imaýk l` ni LD

 Akamae

hxp}me l` ni `kc`xd`lil

x`kin 

 Ip}`kmai l` x`|akevi|äi e k`pxevi|äi laihá|ami



]`lad`k|e pxakixae im|ase "imik|ema|e} q manaklxe} b`dé|ame}!



Mx`i|akaki }áxami ikpin vixi `}|adix ni \CJ `k |ele} ne} laihá|ame} akl`v`kla`k|` l`n jxile l` inhpdakpxai "Memomxec|$Jipn| e N`s`q!+"@!

K`cxevi|ai Laihá|ami Dik`ge

9+ X`}|xammaýk vxe|`ami7 X`}|xammaýk vxe|`ami i 6.2$9.6 joj 8+ Mek|xen jnamádame7 BhI9m >: =+ Mek|xen l` ni B\I7 > 9=626 <+ Dik`ge l` ni la}naval`dai7 Ehg`|ase}7 NLN$M > 966. \ IJ} > 906 q BLN$M ; <6+ 0+ Mek|xen l` ni vxe|`akpxai7 Pki }`xa` l` `}|plae} "Miv|evxan }|plq. }|plq. ALK\. X@KIIN! bik de}|xile yp` pki x`lpmmaýk l` ni vxe|`akpxai `k KL }` i}emai i x`|ixle l` vxejx`}aýk l` ni k`cxevi|äi k`c xevi|äi q d`kex xa`}je l` AXM\+ \ik|e pk A@MI e IX IAA

K`cxevi|ai Npvami

@n

06% "<6$:0%! vx`}`k|i ic`m|imaýk mnäkami v`xe `n 06% 966% 966 % vx`}`k|i in|`ximaek`} ba}|evi|enýjami} ba}|evi|enýjami} i ni Damxe}mevai `n`m|xýkami e Akdpkecnp kdpkecnpex`m`kmai ex`m`kmai mede l`vý}a|e} l` Aj} q Medvn`d`k|e

Mni}acamimaýk Mni}acamimaýk "ZBE!7 

\ave A7



\ave AA7 JK



\ave AAA7 JK

Kexdin d`}ikjain "80%!

\ave AS7 JK

Mni}` A+ D`}ikjain däkadi+



Mni}` AA+ Vxenac`xi|asi d`}ikjain+



Mni}` AAA7 JK cemin "> 06 % ix`i!+

vxenac`xi|asi cemin

"90%! 



vxenac`xi|asi lacp}i



]`jd`k|ixai e Jnehin+

"<0%! S7 JK d`dhxike}i "90%!



\ave



\ave

SA7 `}mn`xe}a}

Mni}` AS+ JK lacp}i+



Mni}` S+ D`dhxike}i+



Mni}` SA+ @}mn`xe}a} jned`xpnix 

K`cxevi|ai Npvami  \ave A7

l`vý}a|e} akdpk`} d`}ikjain`} }ak bav`xm`npnixalil

 \ave AA7 



l`vý}a|e} akdpk`} ` bav`xm`npnixalil ba v`xm`npnixalil d`}ikjain

\ave AAA7 JK

cemin `r|xi e `klemivanix }`jd`k|ixai e jnehin+ L`vý}a|e} }ph`kle|`nain`} l` AjJ q M=+ \ave AS7 JK

lacp}i `r|xi e `klemivanix }`jd`k|ixai e jnehin+ ]` i}emai i l`vý}a|e} }ph`kle|`nain`} l` AjJ q M=+ S7 @kjxe}ida`k|e lacp}e l` ni DH J mek e }ak midhae} d`}ikjain`}+ ]` i}emai i l`vý}a|e} }ph`va|`nain`} l` AjJ q M=+

 \ave



SA "JK `}mn`xe}ik|` isikwili!7 ; 16% l` ne} jnedáxpne}+ \ave

@}mn`xe}a}

jnehin yp` ic`m|i

K`cxevi|ai Npvami M näkami näkami



Mnäkamid`k|` }` dikaca`}|i vex vxe|`akpxai sixaihn`. pk }`lad`k|e pxakixae im|ase "b`di|pxai. n`pmema|pxai q manaklxpxai! q `n 80$ =6% vx`}`k|i l`|`xaexe l` ni cpkmaýk x`kin+



Ni vx`}`k|imaýk vx`}`k|imaýk }` mexx`nimaeki mexx`nimaeki vixmaind`k|` vixmaind`k|` mek ni ba}|enejäi+ ba}|enejäi+



Ni x`nimaýk `k|x` dixmilex`} ba}|enýjame} l` akcnidimaýk im|asi e mxýkami }ek mpik|acamile} `k }mex`+ ]p vxeke}|ami `} mek|xes`x|ali

Mexx`nimaýk mnäkame$ba}|enýjami Mni}` ba}|enýjami ba}|en ýjami

Vxe|`akpxai Vxe|`akpxai

B`di|pxai B`di|pxai

Ak}pcama`kmai x`kin

A q AA "96%!

6%/ 6%/

6%/

66%/ %/

AAA "=6%!

/%/// /%///

/%//

/ /%// %//

AS "06%!  S "86%!

//%//// //%//// / //%//// //%//// /%//// //// ////

6%/

66%// %//

K`cxevi|ai Npvami @ }|plae }|plae   IKI " ak`}v`macame!. Ik|aLKI "im|asalil!. V`xcan @ki "Ik|a ]d7 xa`}je dé} in|e l` l` medvxeda}e x`kin. l` ]KM. si}mpna|a} mp|ék`i. q l` dp`x|`!



Exaki medvn`|i7 vxe|`akpxai. manaklxe}. imik|ema|e}

Vxe|`akpxai7  Exaki l` 8< bx}7 vxe|`akimx`i|akaki  X`nimaýk pxakixai vxe|`akimx`i|akaki 

K`cxevi|ai Npvami Haev}ai      

X`kin

Mekcaxdi ni `|aenejäi n÷vami l` ni k`cxevi|ai+ Al`k|acami ½ `kc`xd`l `kc`xd`lil il vxenac`xi|asi vxenac`xi|asi ¼+ Dpq ÷|an `k vima`k|`} mek vxe|`akpxai }ajkacami|asi+ V`xda|` l`|`m|ix l` `kc`xd`lil x`}alpin np`je l` ni |`xivai "x`da}aýk vi|enýjami!+ V`xda|` l`|`m|ix n`}aek`} damxe|xedhý|ami} damxe|xedhý|ami} i}emaili} i ik|ace}cenävale}+ S`x liùe jned`xpnix q |phpnix 

Vxeke}|ame l` K`cxevi|ai Npvami Vx`lam|ex`}

i AXM \`xdakin

Lpximaýk l` ni k`cxa|a} ; 3 d`}`} i ni haev}ai+  VID `n`sili+  Mx`i|akaki `n`sili i ni haev}ai x`kin+  Diqex äklam` l` mxekamalil+  Icxeid`xamike} e} ` ba}vékame}+   Icxeid`xamik  Mni}` AS+ ] v`ex yp` J+   I|xecai \phpnix+ 

K`cxevi|ai Npvami \`xivai `}v`macami  



    

\ave A q AA7 Ke x`ypa`x` |`xivai `}v`mäcami+ \ave AAA7 Cexdi n`s` ke x`ypa`x` |`xivai `}v`mäcami+ Cexdi }`s`xi }` |xi|i mede pki |ave AS+ \ave AS7 AS7 Vpn}e} l` D$vx`lka}eneki l` 6.0$9 j `k =6 dak. d`k}pin`} vex 3 d Mamnece}cidali7 vpn}e} d`k}pin`} vex 3 d Damec`keni|e / mex|ameal`}7 in|`xki|asi i MC mede |`xivai l` aklpmmaýk Dik|`kmaýk7 vx`lka}eki. Iwi|aevxaki. damec`keni|e | xi|ik+ Vima`k|`} mek \ave S7 Vima`k|`} mek vxe|`akpxai ke k`cxý|ami ke }` |xi|ik+ ]K vp`l`k }`x |xi|ile} mek mamne}vexaki ma mne}vexaki "=$0 djojl! q vx`lka}eki `k le}a} higi} "0$96 djl! vex <$3 d+ Vima`k|`} mek ]K }`s`xe e vxe|`akpxai `k i}m`k}e }` |xi|ik mede pki |ave AS+

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS! 

Vxakmavind`k|` medvxeda}e m edvxeda}e jned`xpnix jned`xpnix++



D`laili} vex IKMI "VIDZ`j`k`xMbpxj$ "VIDZ`j`k`xMbpxj$ ]|xip}}!



D`laili} vex M A "]mbekn`ak$B`kemb. mxaejnehpnak`dai!

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS! IKMI

cahxakeal` cemin  K`mxe}a} cahxakeal` mek akcan|ximaýk n`pmema|ixai  P}pind`k|` mek cexdimaýk l` mx`m`k|`} yp` `ksp`ns`k l`n 06 i 966% l`n jnedáxpne   I ni AC }ek ½vipma$akdpk`¼ "ip}`kmai e `}mi}i vx`}`kmai l` l`ve}a|e} akdpk`}!

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS!

 JK7

b`di|pxai mek e }ak imik|ema|e} q vxe|`akpxai yp` vp`l` }`x l` n`s` i del`xili "> l` 9$8j! e `k xikje k`cxe|ame "bi}|i 93j!

 @rvx`}aýk

mnäkami di} cx`mp`k|`7 jned`xpnek`cxa|a} xévalid`k|` vxejx`}asi e }phijpli mek AX I di} }äklxed` k`cxä|ame+ @}|e} mi}e} }a ke }` |xi|ik mek pxj`kmai mpndakik `k AXM\

 \idhaák

mede }äklxed` xaùýk vpndýk "V "VID$ ID$ Z`j`k`x$Mbpxj$ ]|xip}}! e l`xdi|e$x`kin "]mbekn`ak$B`kemb. mxaejnehpnak`dai e N@]!



VID7 Medvxeda}e x`kin ia}nile7 06% q }` ijx`ji medvxeda}e vpndekix `k `n e|xe 06%+ Z`j`k`x7 Z `j`k`x7 26% JK

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS! 

9= ]SS IKMI q JK. vx`}`k|ik }äk|edi} JA " pnm`xi} JA. a}yp`dai ak|`}|akin e medvxeda}e vikmx`é|ame!



 Injpke} mi}e} vp`l`k }`x mnäkamid`k|` akl`|`m|ihn`} mek k`mxe}a} cemin q `va}elae} l` b`di|pxai ia}nile}. yp` mpndakik mek jned`xpne`}m jned`xp ne`}mn`xe} n`xe}a} a} advex|i advex|ik|` k|` "JK mxýkami!



Medvxeda}e ak|`x Medvxeda}e ak|`x}|amain }|amain jxikpn jxikpnedi|e} edi|e}e e k`mxe k`mxe|awik |awik|` |` `} xixe "Z`j`k`x!



Mekcaxdimaýk ba}|enýjami da`k|xi} }`i ve}ahn`



Vxeke}|ame7 @n vxeký}|ame x`kin i vniwe nixje `} i}emaile `k jxik vix|` mek mek `n kas`n l` mx`i|akaki mx`i|akaki akamain+

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS! ]mbekn` ]mbe kn`ak$ ak$B` B`kem kemb b "B]V "B]V!!  \ave 

l` liùe jned`xpnix alák|ame i k`cxevi|ai vex  AjI

Mnäkami7 si}mpna|a} n`pmema|emni}|ami `k va`n. }äk|edi} JA. ix|xinjai}. ix|xa|a} q JK+ Di} cx`mp`k|` `k d`kex`} l` 86 iùe}

 @n

medvxeda}e x`kin mnäkame }` `kmp`k|xi `k `n 30% l` ne} mi}e}? di} cx`mp`k|` `k bedhx`} yp` `k dpg`x`} d pg`x`} q `}v`maind`k|` `k dé} gýs`k`} "}a`kle d`gex `n vxeke}|ame!



]` mixim|`xawi `k }p diqexäi d iqexäi vex b`di|pxai damxe}mývami q vxe|`akpxai n`s`. v`xe vp`l` vx`}`k|ix}` mede }äklxed` k`cxä|ame+ D`ke} cx`mp`k|` k`cxe|ame e ak}pcama`kmai x`kin+

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS! ]mbekn` ]mbe kn`ak$ ak$B` B`kem kemb b "B]V "B]V!! 

Vxenac`ximaýk m`npnix vp`l` }`x cemin e lacp}i. ic`m|ikle vx`ledakik|`d`k|` `n d`}ikjae+

 Akdpkecnpex`}m`kmai

dp`}|xi l`vý}a|e} d`}ikjain`} l` AjI+  Il`dé} l` M =. AjJ q ik|acahxaki+



Haev}ai mp|ék`i7 l`vý}a|e} AjI

 @k

kaùe}. ni `kc`xd`lil `} ip|enada|ili v`xe `k ilpn|e} }ajp` pk mpx}e l` x`da}aek`} q x`miäli}

Si}mpna|a} l` si}e v`yp`ùe "]SS! JK

mxaejnehpnak`dami

 @kc`xd`lil

xixi yp` empxx` vxakmavind`k|` `k mxaejnehpnak`dai mxaejnehpna k`dai |ave AA "dar|i `}`kmain!. i}emaili mek SBM "26%!+



Mnäkami7 vxakmavind`k|` vxakmavind`k|` biq }äklxed` k`cxä|ame. mek e }ak cinni x`kin+ Vp`l` i}emaix}` i si}mpna|a} s i}mpna|a} }a}|ádami+



Damxe}meväi l` npw7



Vxeký}|ame7 Pk |`xmae l` ne} vima`k|`} vx`}`k|ik x`da}aýk |e|in e vixmain+

JK

vxenac`xi|asi ak|ximivanix 

 Idaneale}a} 

Biq ic`mmaýk jned`xpnix `k mi}a |ele} ne} mi}e} l` idaneale}a}  II q `k d`ke} l` ni da|il d a|il l`  IN mek l`vý}a| l`vý}a|e} e} l` idaneal` idaneal` `k ne} jnedáxpne}+



Ne} l`vý}a|e} jned`xpnix`} vp`l`k }`x vx`ledakik|`d`k|` d`}ikjain`}. e vx`vekl`xix `k ni d`dhxiki hi}in+ D`ke} cx`mp`k|` l`dé}7 d`dhxiki} hé}in`} |phpnix`}. ak|`x}|amae x`kin q si}e} }ikjpäk`e}+



Mnäkami7 vxe|`akpxai ":0%! nn`jikle i }äklxed` k`cxý|ame. q xixi s`w ak}pcama`kmai x`kin+ Ke akcnidimaýk jned`xpnix 

 Idaneale}a}  

@n

Ni} vxeva`lil`} vxeva`lil`} |ak|exain` |ak|exain`} } l`n idaneal` }ek mnis`} vixi `n laijký}|ame+ @} ve}a|ase vixi xege mekje. pki |akmaýk céman l` x`inawix  q x`ni|asid`k|` x`ni|asid`k|` `}v`mäcami? ni s`xlil`xi ve}a|asalil ke `} `n menex kixikgi ak|`k}e. }ake. ni haxx`cxakj`kmai haxx`cxakj`kmai s`xl` dikwiki mek npw venixawili

|xi|ida`k|e mek v`xdikjiki|e l` ve|i}ae `nadaki ni ve}a|asalil vixi idaneal` II

Akc`mmae}i}

Akc`mmae}i} SBH

SBM

 @kc`xd`lil  

l`n }p`xe K`cxevi|ai D`dhxike}i "MA! VIK



D`}ikjaemivanix 

 @k

akc`mmaýk vex SBM7 =6% mxaejnehpnak`dai q }ene 8% |a`k`k mnäkami cnexali+

 @k

j`k`xin |`xivai akdpke}pvx`}exi mek|xiaklamili

Vinpla}de q n`vxi7 

K`cxevi|ai d`dhxike}i

]ACANA] 

K`cxevi|ai d`dhxike}i

SAB 

Ni n`}aýk mixim|`xä}|ami `} Jned`xpne`}mn`xe}a} }`jd`k|ixai cemin+ a k|`x}|amain. i|xecai q lani|imaýk la ni|imaýk |phpnix+ |phpnix+ \idhaák }` eh}`xsi cahxe}a} ak|`x}|amain.



Vxe|`akpxai `} ni x`jni. `k }p diqexäi `k xikje k`cxý|ame l` mex|i `senpmaýk+ I}emaile i mixji} saxin`} `n`sili}



Vxeký}|ame7 @senpmaeki i ni cinni x`kin `k }`diki} e d`}`}+



\`xivai7

$ Aklamimaýk l` akamae l` BII X\ "`kn`k|`m` vxejx`}aýk. v`xe ke ni l`|a`k`! $ @sa|ix k`cxe|erame} mede I|iwikisax " k`cxena|ai}a}!. |`kecesax "liùe |phpnix! e p}ix mek deka|ex`e `}|xam|e

JK ve}|`}|x`v|ememami



]HBJ I7 m`vi 98 "cixakja|a}! q m`vi <1 "akc`mmaýk mp|ék`i!+



Dé} cx`mp`k|` i kaùe} "8$3 iùe}!. v`xe vp`l` ic`m|ix ilpn|e} "96%!+

 

 Ic`m|i i }ýne `n 90% l` ne} akc`m|ile}+ Vx`}`kmai l` AjJ q M= `k jnedáxpne }pja`x` vix|amavimaýk l` medvn`ge} akdpk`}+

JK ve}|`}|x`v|ememami



9 i 98 }`diki} ve}| akc`mmaýk+



]äklxed` k`cxä|ame+ Vxe|`akpxai `} n`s`+



Ba}|enejäi7 JK vxenac`xi|asi lacp}i+ ]`danpki} }ek akcx`mp`k|`}+



Nihexi|exae Nihexi |exae77 }`xenejäi }`xenejäi "I]E. "I]E. Ik|a$ Ik|a$ LKI}i.! di} baveme bavemedvn`d` dvn`d`k|`d k|`dai+ ai+

 X`}enpmaýk

`}vek|ék`i+ Kexdinawimaýk l` mx`i|akaki `k < }`d+ }` d+ B`di|pxai `k|x` =$3 d. vxe|`akpxai n`s` bi}|i = iùe} `k pk 90 %+ AXM bi}|i 86%+

 \xi|ida`k|e

l` }evex|`+

Céxdime} Jned`xpnevi|ai

ke vxenac`xi|asi7 vxe|`akpxai i ]K



@ kc`xd`lil l` kc`xd`lil  l` midhae} däkade}7 Iak`}. idvamanaki.  v`kamanaki+



D`dhxike}i7 }in`} l` exe. ni v`kamanidaki. `n miv|evxan. `n vxeh`k`mal q Iak`}

 J]C]7

Memiäki+

@kcx`k|ida`k|e Laijke}|ame  X`mekem`x 

`n }äklxed` mnäkame

Lac`x`kmaix }a `} vxadixai e }`mpklixai

Mnäkami q binniwje} }`xenejame} Xaùýk `} `n ýxjike di} ic`m|ile5 

L`cakax vi|xýk dexcenýjame l` liùe jned`xpnix  Ke} iqplixäi pki haev}ai `k `n Lr q |`xivai5 

 @}

pxj`k|` pk xévale Lr q |xi|ida`k|e5

Laijke}|ame  Advex|ikmai

l`n Lj `|aenýjame  ||e vx`mew

a}|exai  B a}|exai     

  ami q  mn ä äkami k `rid`k ca}ame ]äklxed` k`cxe|ame ]äklxed` k`cxä|ame ]äklxe ]äk lxed` d` xaùýk$ xaùýk$ vpn vpndý dýk k ]äklxed` l`xdi|e$x`kin @kc`xd`lil b`vé|ami$ x`kin

@sinpimaýk

}`xenejami7

  IKMI   IKI.

M = q M<



SLXN



SAB. SBH q SBM



Mxaejnehpnaki}

  Ik|a

DH J

Dá|ele} Laijký}|ame}  ACv =

vi|xek`} "mi|`jexäi} lj}!7

$ L`vý L`vý}a|e} }a|e} jxik jxikpnix pnix`} `} l` Aj7

JK

$ L`v L`vý}a ý}a|e} |e} nak nak`in `in`} `} l` Aj7

@kc`xd`lil

$ Ip Ip}` }`km kmai ai l` l`

AJ7

 ;:6% vex MA 

>=6% vipmaakdpk`



>9% Ik|aDH

vex l`vý}a|e l` M A ik|a DHJ

JK vipmaakdpk`

Akdpkevi|enejai

Mekmnp}aek`} 

Mek}al`xix in jnedáxpne mede ýxjike hnikme l` pki jxik diqexäi l` ni} `kc`xd`lil`} }a}|ádami}



L`}|imix K`cxevi|ai laihá|ami. npvami. si}mpna|a} si}e v`yp`ùe q ve}|akc`mmae}i}+



Lac`x`kmaix }`j÷k `lil. cexdi l` vx`}`k|imaýk. }`xenejai q haev}ai `k ni diqexäi l` mi}e}+

 @k

}p diqexäi. biq x`nimaýk ba}|enejami mek `n vxeke}|ame7 ©K`m`}alil  K`m`}alil l` l` Lr q |`xivai |`xivai vx`mew   vx`mew ©

Hahnaejxicäi 9+

Ivv`n. J+ Jenldik7 M`man D`lamak`+ 8=|b @l+ Mbiv|`x 9887 Jned`xpnix La}exl`x} ikl K`vbxe|am ]qklxed`}+ 866: ]ipkl`x}+

8+

Hpx|ek. X+ \qv`} \qv`} ec x`kin la}`i}` la}`i }` ak ]N@+ Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+

=+

Hioxa}. J+ Es`xsa`z ec laih`|am k`vbxevi|bq+ Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+

<+

Hioxa}. J+ \x`i|d`k| ec laih`|am k`vbxevi|bq+ Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+

0+

Hpx|ek. X+ X`kin dikac`}|i|aek} ec }q}|`dam si}mpna|a}+ Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+

3+

Oakj. \+Mnakami +Mnakaminn dikac`}|i|aek} ikl laijke}a} ec Z`j`k`x*} jxikpnedi|e}a} jxikpnedi|e}a } ikl damxe}mev damxe}mevam am venqikjaa|a}+Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+

:+

Vxejke}|am dixo`x} ak vi|a`k|} za|b ik|ak`p|xevban mq|evni}dam ip|eik|ahelq$i}}emai|`l damxe}mevam venqikjaa|a} venqikjaa|a} ikl jned`xpnek`vbxa|a}+ G Id Id ]em K`vbxen.9113 K`vbxen.9113

2+

Jpal`nak`} cex |b` dikij`d`k| ec mbxekam oalk`q la}`i}` ak BAS$akc`m|`l vi|a`k|}7 x`medd`kli|aek} ec |b` BAS+ D`lamak` I}}emai|aek I}}emai|aek ec |b` Akc`m|aep} La}`i}`} ]ema`|q ec  Id`xami+ Mnak Mnak Akc`m| La}+ 8660

1+

Np`pkj. K+ X`kin Idaneale}a Idaneale}a}+ }+ Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+

96+

Kaipl`|. V+ X`kin dikac`}|i|aek} ec B`kemb$]mbókn`ak vpxvpxi+ Ak7 Pv\eLi|`. Hi}ez. L] "@l!. Pv\eLi|`. Zin|bid. DI. 8661+