RENOVA RENOV ATION OF BESAN BESANT T NAGAR BEACH Term-P T erm-Paper aper 2 Report Report
Group X
Manjari .T |CE!"#2$ B. A%a&' |CE2B##( "ipten Mon)a* | CE2B#$+
Project Description
Besant Nagar beach is located in Chennai, India. It forms the end-point of the Marina Beach shore. The beach is very popular with the local people and also is visited by people from far off places. The current infrastructure facilities are not suitable enough to handle the increasing traffic of visitors who form a constant and increasing source of income to the local people. lso lso the beach is an important landmar! in the city and helps promote promote tourism. The pro"ect aims to develop the public infrastructure facilities around the Besant Nagar Beach. This include includes creating new facilities li!e underground wal!ways and seating facilities while also renovating e#isting structures li!e lighting and landscaping. The pro"ect is sensitive in sense that the development of these facilities will affect the people and the flora and fauna species. Though the detrimental impacts are nominal, it is re$uired to analyse the overall benefit%disbenefit of the renovation and plan mitigation measures accordingly. Site Details
The site is located at the eastern border of Chennai with The Bay of Bengal surrounding it towards the right.
Besant Nagar
&ig. ' Besant Nagar (ocation Source: Google Maps The site coordinates are ').***+)*N .)/)0''1. .)/)0''1. The area has many urban and sub-urban residential buildings in close pro#imity. Terrestrial Terrestrial flora and fauna species are scarce in close pro#imity to the area. 2lanted trees for landscaping purposes can be found in the area. The The beach though is famous for being hatching grounds grounds of the endangered 3live 4idley sea turtles who fre$uent the beach between 5anuary and pril every year. Screening
6creening is the process of deciding on whether an 1I is re$uired or the level at which an 1I assessment is re$uired. Based on the site-specific information, the pro"ect site is located
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within ' 7ms from the coastline. 8ence we considered to categori9e the pro"ect under :; Category pro"ect.
+ ha and or built up area >',+,s$ .mtrs. &or the screening process to be completed the initial environmental e#amination is proceeded. 8ence pro"ect will re$uire comprehensive 1nvironmental Impact nalysis. Initial Environmental Examination or Evaluation(IEE)
'. The pro"ect pro"ect is limited limited only only to the region region of of the pro"ect pro"ect site. 3nly during during the the operation operation phase there will be negative impact on the ecosystem. ). Impa Impact ct on on the the local local com commu muni nity ty a. Incr Increas easee in in the the busi busine ness ss.. b. Improvement in the social status and standard of living of the locals. c. There will increase increase in the the employmen employmentt rate with increase increase in the the tourist tourist population. d. 1conomic 1conomic values values are higher higher with with the the e#ecution e#ecution of of the pro"ect. pro"ect. ?. Impa Impact ct on on the the flor floraa and and faun faunaa a. The flora flora and and fauna fauna in the pro"ect pro"ect locat location ion is negli negligib gible. le. b. 1nvironmental sensitivity of this 9one is very less. c. 8ence compre comprehensiv hensivee 1I for the the impact on flora flora and fauna fauna is recommended. recommended. 0. Cum Cumulat ulativ ivee Impa Impact ct a. There are are no ma"or ma"or industries industries in the radius of '7ms '7ms from from the pro"ect pro"ect site. site. b. 8arbor and port activities are the ma"or industrial activities in the surrounding areas. c. 8arbor 8arbor and port port activities activities along along with with this this pro"ect pro"ect will have impact impact levels levels well well within the standards. d. The will will be an increase increase in air air pollution pollution due due to more mobile mobile populati population on with the development of the beach. The probability of the impact is seasonal. 1g@ 6easonal, vacation or wee!ends will have higher pollution than regular days. The impact levels will be within standards. +. Aaste ste gene genera rati tion on
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Being a ma"or tourist destination of Chennai, the beach will have many effects due to its development. The developmental activities will improvise the number of visitor to the beach. More people will start using the facility. 2eople who use beach wal! ways for morning wal!ing and "ogging will increase. 6ports and e#ercise classes in the beach will start commencing at a larger e#tent. There will be more tourist visiting the beach. This will an increase in solid waste generation. . (evel (evel of resourc resourcee e#pl e#ploit oitatio ation n The pro"ect itself is to cover the entire stretch of the beach. 8ence land resource utili9ation is high. Though the utili9ation is higher, the developmental benefit from the pro"ect is $uit high. /. 4esettl 4esettlemen ementt of the the fishe fisherman rman commu community nity The land is being utili9ed by the local fisherman community for all their livelihood activities. These have to be controlled and they have to be forced to migrate to their allotted location. . lternati ative Many alternatives were considered for the location, methods and materials of the pedestrian subway. a. Beach starting starting@@ church is also located located there, there, so it is the the subway subway will not not be of use if positioned over there. Moreover it also serves as a diversion path for a 8indu Temple. b. Beach dead end@
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3verbridge@ a.
Baseline Study
baseline study is first performed to evaluate the pro"ect performance. 6ince there is not much scope in site alternatives, it is therefore essential to compare the pro"ect with the current level of development. '. (and (and re$u re$uir irem emen entt The land re$uired for this pro"ect is neither an agricultural nor a forest. It is barren land available in the coastal 9one. ). (and (and use use in in '! '!m m rad radiu iuss a. Beach b. 4esidential 9one c. 8arbour ?. Topogra ograp phy The following map shows the ' !m topography of the pro"ect site at a scale of )!m
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&ig. ) '!m radius study area
Source: Google Maps
0. Near Neares estt pla place cess a. 2ar!
@ nna colony Corporation 2ar!
b. Beach
@ Marina Beach
c. Monuments
@ ll statutes, Memorials in marina beach
d. 8eri 8erita tage ge stru struct ctur uree @ 4a" 4a"aa ann annam amal alip ipur uram am 2ala 2alace ce,, shta shtala la!s !shm hmii Temple, Temple, Besant Nagar church, e. Bus station station
@ Besant Besant Nagar% Nagar% Thiru Thiruvan vanmay mayur ur bus
f.
@ In Indira Na Nagar% 7a 7asturbhai M4 M4T6 st stations
4ailway st station
g. 1ducational 1ducational institutio institutions@ ns@ IITM, nna nna univ, univ, C(4I, Aom Aomen;s en;s 2olytech 2olytechnic, nic, I&T and other colleges and schools h. Ma"o Ma"orr offi office ce 9on 9ones
@Ti @Tidel del par! ar! Dasce ascend nda9 a9
i.
@ dayar 4iver
4iver
+. Clima Climate te and and ir $ua $uali lity ty
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&ig. ? 4eal-time ir Euality Inde# FEIG 6ource@ http@%%a$icn.org
. Aater ter bal balan ance ce
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6ource@ Aater Aater Euality Inde# for ssessment of water Euality in 6outh Chennai Coastal $uifer, Tamil Tamil Nadu India. International 5ournal of ChemTe ChemTech4esearch, ch4esearch, I66N@ **/-0)*, ol0, No.0, pp '+)-'+, 3ct-
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6coping is the process of interaction between the proponents, government agencies, sta!eholders and any other interested public. It is the foundation step of the 1I process and identifies the boundary of the process and tries to bring forth the li!ely issues and any other sta!eholder concerns. ll these raised issues are compiled in the draft T34 report, which then needs to be answered and resolved to form the 1I report. 8ere we carry out the scoping process in three ways@ •
(eopold Method
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(ohaniDTanh Method
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4IM
Leopold & Lohani and anh !ethod
ctivity based '. The construc construction tion phase phase of of the pro"ect pro"ect has ma"or ma"or impact impact due to the construc construction tion of of the subway subway.. ll ll the other other constru constructi ction on activi activitie tiess had around around + positi positive ve impact impact compared to the baseline status. ). In construct construction ion phase phase the ma#imum ma#imum magnit magnitude ude obtain obtained ed is */ but the significa significance nce value is )0 for it. This is a positive impact hence no mitigation plans are re$uired. ?. The subway subway constructi construction on draws draws a negative negative impact of of '. This This is a higher higher number number to be negotiated, hence many alternatives were considered to reduce the impact. impact. 0. 3pera 3peratio tion n phase phase has both both the the pea! pea! posit positiv ivee and and nega negati tive ve impa impacts cts of the the pro" pro"ect ect.. (andscaping has improved the environmental conditions up to + as that of the baseline standards. +.
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dismantled waste. 1ven as a part of repair and maintenance a portion of the pro"ect area is dismantled, there will be this impact occurring in the pro"ect site. Impact based '. (and (and use impact impact have raised raised from nill nill to around around /. The The pro"ect pro"ect itself itself is to stretch stretch across the beach length. 6o mitigation in this case is also difficult. ). Though Though land use use was give average average priority priority,, there was was a terrible increase increase in the impact impact value. This is because the land which is being utili9ed can never be reused in the course of the e#istence of the pro"ect. it can be reused only after the pro"ect is being dismantled. ?. The The area area deve develo lopm pmen entt has has a high higher er posit positiv ivee impa impact ct.. the the addi additi tion onal al amen amendm dmen ents ts provided will attract more mass to the beach. it can also reduce the crowding of the people in the Marina beach and other nearby entertainment 9ones. 8ence the resources will be li$uidi9ed to all the people. 0. 6eating 6eating arrangemen arrangement, t, wal!way wal!wayss and lighting lighting will will the beach beach 9one 9one more more organ organi9ed i9ed and and hence there will more improvement in the social activities happening in the beach 9one. +. The The fish fisherm ermen en comm commun unity ity residi residing ng near near the the shor shoree will will have have tempo tempora rary ry tent tentss and and utili9es the beach 9one till date. Aith the advent of the pro"ect his freedom of usage will get affected. There will be shrin!age in the landscape being utili9ed by him. More social functions and other gathering due to increased facility will further reduce his scope area. 8ence the fishermen community will have a ma"or impact. "I#! !ethod 4IM study is adopted as one of the evaluation method for this pro"ect. 4IM is based on the !nowledge that certain specific criteria are common to all impact assessments, and by scaling these criteria it becomes possible to record the values of the assessments made. 4IM wor!s with both negative and positive impacts.
Not all criteria can be given the same weight, and so the criteria are divided into two groups@ those which individually are important in their impactJ and those that collectively important. By a simple formula the values ascribed to these criteria can be combined to produce a score for the component being assessed. 6cores by themselves cannot be used to separate, or scale impacts, as they are still attributable to sub"ective assessments. Thus ranges have been defined, with set conditions for the ma#imum and minimum scores in each range, and the final result is represented by the range value so derived. In this a very comprehensive set of values can be built up across all components assessed in a holistic manner. The system allows for direct evaluation and comparison of components from different sectors, and provides a transparent record for future use. The alternatives are considered based upon the location of the subway since it is the ma"or part of the construction. 3ther renovation activities li!e seating facilities, lighting and landscaping need to be carried out over the whole beach stretch and thus does not provide any other alternative. The alternatives considered are@
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No pro"ect
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6ubway at beach dead end
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6ubway at beach starting
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6ubway at middle of the beach stretch
4IM analysis is used to compare the alternatives. The various components considered for the analysis are listed as below@ a c i m e h C % l l a c i s y h 2 l a r u t l u C % l a i c o 6
c i m o n o c 1 l % l a a c i g o l o i B a n o i t a r e p 3 % l l a c i m o n o c 1
Aater pollution (and pollution ir pollution 1rosion of sand Microclimate of beach 9one Aaste Aa ste generation (andscape (anduse Traffic volume Cultural heritage ccidents 6ocial functions &ishermen community
&lora &auna 8uman health 1ndangered speicies New species introduction
1mployment Tourism revenue 6hop!eeperKs income rea development
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4esults@
NO Project
Subway at beach starting
Subway at beach dead end
Subway at middle of the beach stretch
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There is both positive and negative effects if associated with the pro"ect
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Ahile there is economic gain, there is chance of deterioration of environmental aspects
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2hysical-chemical aspects more or less remain same as baseline condition
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Ma"ority of changes are seen in economical-operational and socio-cultural aspects
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Biological-economical aspect is crucial but in general is not going to be significantly affected. Though cumulative impacts of current development can have detrimental impacts in the long run.
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There is high gains in economical aspect if the pro"ect is successfull
Dra$t %" "eport
draft T34 4eport is 4eport is attached at the end of the document. It in detail tries to answer all the significant $uestions which all need to be thought of before renovating the area. The T34 report aims to cover most of the li!ely impacts associated with the pro"ect and see! answers about the issues raised and plan for implementing mitigation measures. !itigation !easures
The two ma"or problems to be faced at the operation phase of the pro"ect are '. 6oli 6olid d was waste te gene genera ratio tion n Aith the high amount of population turnout in to the beach, the amount of solid waste generation will increase to the ma#imum. In order to reduce its impact in the future, the whole 9one is to be declared, :2lastic free;. ny snac!s sold in the beach should be supplied only in paper bags. ll cool drin!s should be sold% brought in beach 9one either in tin, glass bottles, mud and metal vessel. (i!e security chec!s in all place of common importance, plastic chec! counters will be installed at the entrance of the beach. 3ther than fishermen, who use polythene or polymeric materials for his occupation, no one will be allowed to use plastic in the beach 9one. 8eavy fine should be imposed on on public or shop!eepers who uses polythene bags. If the ban is brought in the initial stages, then public will start used to the custom rather than obeying it. ). &als &alsee attr attract actio ion n of turt turtle less (ighting is one of the important aspect of the pro"ect. 6udden instalment of powered lights will create new attraction for the sea turtles. The turtles of Bay of Bengal uses the costal line of Tamil Tamil Nadu as one of the ma"or breeding grounds. There is hatchery in Besant Nagar. Turtle eggs are collected from the beach by NH3 and other social organi9ations and are deposited in the hatchery without causing any damage to the embryo. fter the hatchings are out of the egg, they are again transferred bac! to the sea safely. Turtle being endangered species much of importance and support is being provided to ensure their survival. dditional lights in the beach 9one may cause the turtle to be attracted towards the land side from the shore, which will cause a drop in the reproduction percentage. 8ence it will be recommended to switch off the lights after 'pm during the season when the turtle come for the shore for laying eggs. 3nly necessary lights will be switched on in the night hours for security reasons. onclusion
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Ae see that for the pro"ect the options are limited in terms of significant change in pro"ect structure. The site is fi#ed and thus there is no lu#ury of selecting an alternative site. Ahatever changes that can be carried out are in terms of construction practices, and during the operation phase. (eopold method is carried out and it can be concluded that it is much better option to go ahead with the pro"ect given its very low impact on the environment. There are economic gains associated while some aspects are going to deteriorate. These impacts can be effectively mitigated and are mostly reversible in nature.
erm o$ "e$erence (%") 'or EI"%!E#L I!P# I!P# #SSESS!E %'
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"E%#I% %' BES# #*#" BE#+
#,stract
Terms of 4eference FT34G for preparation of 1nvironmental Impact assessment F1IG and 1nvironmental Management 2lan for renovation and development activities F> + haG is re$uired as per the 1I Notification ). The To4 To4 has been devised to improve the $uality of the reports and facilitate the decision ma!ing transparent and easy, along with helping the pro"ect proponents and consultants to prepare report with relevant pro"ect specific data, which are informative, compact and easy to comprehend. T34 for renovation pro"ect is e#pected to cover all environmental related features. This report will help in framing a complete 1I for the Besant Nagar renovation pro"ect. *eneral In$ormation
rea development pro"ects as per the 1I notification of ) are under category :B; covering an area > + ha. These pro"ects%activities and re$uires prior environmental clearance from the 6tate%=nion territory 1nvironment Impact ssessment uthority F61IG. rea development and renovation pro"ects has the potential to affect all sectors of the society along with the local flora and fauna species. The potential impacts of the pro"ects need to be considered and suitable mitigation measures planned before commencing any construction activity, or preparation of land, at the site by the applicant. -./ Introduction •
2rof 2rofil ilee of the the pro" pro"ec ectt prop propon onen ent, t, name name and and cont contact act addr address ess,, impl implem emen enti ting ng organi9ation, organi9ational chart, pro"ect consultants etc., should be mentioned clearly.
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(and description- plot% survey numbers, village, tehsil, district, state and area of the land must be mentioned clearly.
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ny litigationFsG pending against the proposed pro"ect and % or any directions or orders orders passed by any court of law%any statutory authority authority against the pro"ect is to be detailed out.
0./ Project Description
Hoal and ob"ectives of the proposed pro"ect, significance of the pro"ect both at local and regional level, relevance of the pro"ect in light of the e#isting development plans of the region are to be mentioned clearly. clearl y. Bac!ground information and overall scenario of the proposed activity in the Indian conte#t, procedures adopted for selection, criteria for selection of the site for the proposed activity, such as environmental, socio-economic, minimi9ation of impacts, ecological sensitivity, impact of e#isting activities on the proposed activity etc. should be spelt out. 4esource
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and manpower re$uirements have to be detailed. Time frame for pro"ect initiation, implementation and completion should be detailed. &ollowing details should be given@ •
Total Total site area
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Total built up area Fprovide area detailsG and total activity area
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Connectivity to the city center, utilities and transportation networ!s Fincluding road%rail connectivityG
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Type Type of building material to be used
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1nvironmental liability of the site
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1#isting structure % type of material - demolition debris etc.
Essential op sheets 1 !aps to ,e provided 2ith %" application3 •
map of the study area + !m from the boundary of the pro"ect area, delineating the ma"or topographical features such as national highway, state highway, district road%approach road, river, canal, natural drainageJ protected areas, under Aild (ife F2rotectionG ct, archaeological site, natural la!e, flood area, human settlements Fwith populationG, industries, high tension electric line, prominent wind direction Fsummer and winterG, effluent drain, if any and ponds etc. should be presented.
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map covering aerial distance of '+ !m from the boundary of the proposed pro"ect area delineating environmental sensitive areas as specified in &orm I of 1I notification dated '0th 6eptember ). In the same map the details of environmental sensitive areas present within a radial distance of ' 7m from the pro"ect boundary shall be specifically shown.
"emote Sensing Satellite Imagery3
(and use map of the study area in '@ ', scale based on Hoogle imagery delineating the forest, agricultural land, water bodies, settlements, and other cultural features. Digital Elevation !odel 1 ontour !ap3
Contour map on '@' scale for the study area showing the various proposed brea!-up of the land. •
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8istorical data on climate conditions such as wind pattern, history of cyclones, storm surges, earth$ua!e etc., for the last )+ years are to be given.
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covered construction such as
4e$uirement of natural resources and their sources will be detailed out.
Site Selection and Planning3
The environmental impacts of construction and operation are established during the early phases of site selection and planning. 2lanning, site selection and design form an important stage in the development of these pro"ects and will determine their environmental impactFsG. 6ome Important factors for development, which should be addressed, are@ •
6tatus of ownership of land
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The boundaries of the pro"ect area
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map that identifies the locations of all proposed development activitiesJ and
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map and photo mosaic showing the area proposed to be disturbed in relation to e#isting topographic features, township grids, wetlands and water bodies.
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2ro#imity to local communitiesJ
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2ro#imity to sensitive surface or ground water bodies
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Compatibility with local building regulations
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1#iting drainage pattern
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ny forest-cover within the proposed developmental area.
4./ #nalysis o$ alternatives (echnology & Sites)
If the scoping results in need for alternatives a clear description of the each alternative, summary of the impact L adverse and positive with each site and selection of alternatives is to be detailed out.
1nvironmental data to be considered in relation to the pro"ect would be@ FaG land, FbG water, FcG air, FdG biological environment, FeG noise and FfG socio-economic environment. Study Area: Area:
Map of the study area clearly delineating the location of various monitoring stations Fair% water % soil and noiseG superimposed with location of habitats are to be shown. Monitoring should be done as per C2CB guidelines. 2rimary data should be collected for one season e#cept rainy season. Monitoring of the parameters should be carried out within the study area.
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5.- Land Environment
0.'a The first feature which should influence the development of a new pro"ect is the e#isting land use pattern of the neighbourhood of the pro"ect, whether the proposed development conforms to the development for that area or not. 0.'b 6tudy of e#isting land use pattern, habitation, cropping pattern, forest fores t cover, environmental sensitive places etc., by employing remote sensing techni$ues and groundtruthing is to be carried out. 0.'c 2hysiography and
Identify pro"ect activities, including construction phase, which may affect surface water or groundwater. 1stimate water inta!e re$uirements and identify the source of water to be used.
Climatological data is to be obtained from nearest India Meteorological
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5.5 oise Environment
Construction e$uipment and road traffic are the ma"or sources of noise. Baseline data of noise at the pro"ect area and the neighbourhood habitat areas is to be ascertained.
Baseline data on the flora and fauna for the study area is to be detailed out. n inventory map is to be prepared along with a description of the e#isting terrestrial, wetland and a$uatic vegetation. If there are any rare and endangered species in the study area they are to be clearly mentioned. 5.8 Socio 9 Economic Environment
Baseline data on demographics, settlements, infrastructure facilities in the e#isting and relocated area, economic conditions in the e#isting and relocated area, cultural and archaeological assets within the pro"ect area should be catalogued and plotted on a base map. 5.: Solid 6aste
Construction or demolition waste, i.e., massive and inert waste Municipal waste, i.e., biodegradable and recyclable waste 1-waste
This section should describe the li!ely impact of the pro"ect on each of the environmental parameters, methods adopted for assessing the impact such as model studies, empirical methods, reference to e#isting similar situations, details of mitigation, methods proposed to reduce adverse effects of the pro"ect, best environmental practices, conservation of natural resourcesJ environmental management planJ post pro"ect environmental monitoring programme including budgeting for the the e#penditure proposed in the pro"ect cost.
Positive/Negative (ist and details of the li!ely positive and negative impacts and suitable mitigation measures on land, air, water, noise, biological socio-economical and solid waste environment.
Cumulative impacts Cumulated impacts due to the increase in the landscape scenario in all possible aspects of the environment and possible mitigation measures.
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Trans Trans boundary impacts
8./ Speci$ic Studies
This section should include the steps ta!en to integrate the needs of other sta!eholders into the location and design of access infrastructure to reduce and manage overall environmental impacts from resource development 6.1Transport •
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1stimate any environmental implications from transportation Frail, roadG related emissions associated with the construction and operational phases and suggest suitable options 2rovide a site plan showing the details of connectivity e#isting and proposed road and rail transport
6. !uilding Material and Tec"nologies Tec"nologies •
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6.# $nergy Conservation •
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1nviro 1nvironme nmenta ntall implic implicatio ations ns of the supply supplying ing the e#tra e#tra power power re$uir re$uired ed to the pro"ect, including steps to reduce by increasing efficiency =se of alternate energy sources
:./ Environmental !onitoring Program3
This chapter should include@•
6ummary matri# of environmental monitoring, during construction and operation stage of pro"ect
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Techni chnical cal aspect aspectss of moni monito torin ring g for for achi achiev evin ing g effe effecti ctive vene ness ss in mitig mitigati ation on measures.
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4e$uirement of monitoring facilities
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&re$uency, &re$uency, location, parameters of monitoring
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Compilation and analysis of data and reporting system
;./ #dditional Studies
.' 4is! ssessment F14G and
Types Types of emergencyJ internal and e#ternal origin
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1mergency procedures
.) Natural 4esource Conservation 6teps to conserve the local natural resources of the area during construction and operation phases needs to be discussed. <./ Project Bene$its
This section details out the improvements in physical infrastructure, social infrastructure if any. lso it details out any employment potential and other benefits that are accrued if the pro"ect is ta!en up. -/./ Environmental !anagement Plan (E!P)
6ummary matri# of 1M2 and costing of 1M2, during construction and operation stage
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Mechanism of self-monitoring for compliance with environmental regulations
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Institutional arrangements proposed with other organi9ations%Hovernment authorities for effective implementation of environmental measures proposed in the 1I
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6afe guards%mechanism to continue the assumptions%field conditions made in the 1I for arriving the site suitability --./ Summary & onclusion (Summary EI#)
This document should summari9e the significant findings of the 1I report. The summary should describe each significant environmental issue and its resolution in sufficient details so that its importance and scope, as well as the appropriateness of the approach ta!en to resolve it are well understood. Aherever possible, the summary should ma!e use of base maps, tables and figures given in the report. It must be able to stand alone as a document. The following should be addressed in the summary if applicable@ •
Introduction
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2ro"ect description D 2ro"ect benefits 1nvironmental 1#amination dditional 6tudies 1nvironmental Management 2lan and 2ost 2ro"ect Monitoring 2rogram 1nvironmental 4is! ssessment F14G and
-0./ Disclosure o$ consultants engaged
The team of consultants engaged in this pro"ect is to be given with their brief resume and nature of consultancy rendered. Enclosures
&easibility report% duly filled in $uestionnaire % 4elevant figures and tables if referred as anne#ure in the te#t% 2hotos, or plates of proposed pro"ect site, impact areas.
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