Droit pénal spécial

H|nox vïmdc {vïkodc [bgb{x|b 2 <64<'<64;

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OMX\NHRKXONM OMX\NH RKXONM -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 XOX\B 4 0 EBMB\DCOXB HB[ OMI\DKXONM[ KNMX\B CB[ LOBM[ ----------- 9 [NR['XOX\B V\BGOB\ 0 CB[ DXXBOMXB[ @R\OHOTRB[ ------------------------------------------------- 9 Kjdvox|b O 0 Cb ync ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9

[bkxonm O 0 cb{ kd|dkxê|b{ `r|ohotrb{ hr ync ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb ync b{x rm hïcox vrlcok ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Vd|de|dvjb < 0 Cb ync b{x rm hïcox om{xdmxdmï -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Vd|de|dvjb ; 0 Cb ync b{x rmb omi|dkxonm drxnmngb ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 5

[bkxonm OO 0 Cb{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrxoi{ hr ync ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 C‟ïcïgbmx gdxï|obc ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Vd|de|dvjb < 0 C‟ïcïgbmx gn|dc hr ync ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4; 4;

[bkxonm ; 0 Cd |ïv|b{{onm hr ync ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 Kjdvox|b OO 0 C‟b{k|ntrb|ob------------C‟b{k|ntrb|ob--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48

[bkxonm O 0 Cb{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrxoi{ --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb{ gnbm{ hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 42 42 Vd|de|dvjb < 0 Cb lrx hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 49

[bkxonm OOO 0 Cd |ïv|b{{onm hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Kjdvox|b OOO 0 c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb-------------knmiodmkb ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45

[bkxonm O 0 Cd knmiodmkb ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4: Vd|de|dvjb4 0 Mdxr|b hr knmx|dx inmhdmx cd knmiodmkb -------------------------------------------------------- 4: Vd|de|dvjb < 0 C‟nl`bx hr knmx|dx---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4: 4:

[bkxonm OO 0 c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4: Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cd ho{{ovdxonm nr cb hïxnr|mbgbmx ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4: Vd|de|dvjb < 0 Cb v|ï`rhokb ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4: Vd|de|dvjb ; 0 C‟omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4? 4?

[NR['XOX\B OO 0 CB[ OMI\DKXONM[ YO[DMX CD HB[X\RKXONM NR CD HBE\DHDXONM HB[ LOBM[ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <6 Kjdvox|b O 0 C‟omkbmhob-----------C‟omkbmhob --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <6

[bkxonm O C‟omkbmhob yncnmxdo|b ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <6 [bkxonm OO 0 C‟omkbmhob omyncnmxdo|b ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <6 Kjdvox|b OO hb{x|rkxonm bx hnggdeb{ vd| hb{ gnbm{ drx|b{ trb cb ibr -------------------------------------- <4

[bkxonm O 0 Cb{ dxxbomxb{ æ cd v|nv|oïxï |r|dcb ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <4

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[bkxonm OO 0 Cb{ dxxbomxb{ æ cd v|nv|oïxï vrlcotrb ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <4 [bkxonm OOO 0 Cb{ dxxbomxb{ æ cd v|nv|oïxï v|oyïb bm eïmï|dc ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <4 Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb{ voccdeb{ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <4 Vd|de|dvjb < 0 Cd hïxï|on|dxonm yncnmxdo|b hb gdxï|obc{ nr n r gd|kjdmho{b{ -------------------------- <4 Vd|de|dvjb ; 0 Hnggdeb{ yncnmxdo|b{ æ cd v|nv|oïxï h‟drx|ro --------------------------------------------- <4 Vd|de|dvjb 8 0 Hnggdeb{ drz dmogdrz hngb{xotrb{ h‟drx|ro ------------------------------------------- <4

XOX\B < 0 CB[ OMI\DKXONM[ KNMX\B CD YOB JRGDOMB JR GDOMB ----------------------------------- << [NR['XOX\B O CB[ V\OMKOVDCB[ OMI\DKXONM[ KNMX\B CB[ VB\[NMMB[ BX CD IDGOCCB ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- << Kjdvox|b O 0 Cb gbr|x|b {ogvcb ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- << Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrxoi{ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ << Vd|de|dvjb < 0 Cd |ïv|b{{onm ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <<

Kjdvox|b OO 0 Cb{ gbr|x|b{ dee|dyï{ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- << Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb{ dee|dydxonm{ hrb{ æ c‟omxbmxonm hr gbr|x|ob| *d{{d{{omdx/ --------------------- <; Vd|de|dvjb < 0 Cb{ dee|dydxonm{ hrb{ drz ko|knm{xdmkb{ hb knggo{{onm hr gbr|x|b --------- <; Vd|de|dvjb ; 0 Ko|knm{xdmkb{ dee|dydmxb{ xbmdmx drz gnbm{ rxoco{ï{- ------------------------------ <8

Kjdvox|b OOO 0 Cb{ jngokohb{ æ trdcoiokdxonm{ {vïkodcb{ ------------------------------------------------ <8 Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb vd||okohb------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ <8 Vd|de|dvjb < 0 C‟omidmxokohb ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <8 <8 Vd|de|dvjb ; 0 C‟bgvno{nmmbgbmx ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <2 <2

[NR['XOX\B OO 0 CB[ OMI\DKXONM[ KNMX\B KNMX\B C‟OMXBE\OXB KN\VN\BCCB KN\VN\BCCB -------------------- <9 Kjdvox|b O 0 Cb{ dxxbomxb{ yncnmxdo|b{ æ c‟omxïe|oxï kn|vn|bccb ----------------------------------------------------------------------- <9 Vd|de|dvjb 4 0 Cb{ dxxbomxb{ |ï{rcxdmx h‟rm dkxb vn{oxoi- ------------------------------------------------------ <9 Vd|de|dvjb < 0 cb{ omi|dkxonm{ h‟ngo{{onm ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- <: <:

Kjdvox|b < 0 Cb{ dxxbomxb{ omyncnmxdo|b{ æ c‟omxïe|oxï kn|vn|bccbkn|vn |bccb- --------------------------------- ;6

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vd| cb knhb {‟d yê|bmx i|ïtrbggbmx omdhdvxïb{- Bm biib x# æ x|dyb|{ c‟ïyncrxonm jo{xn|otrb hr h|nox vïmdc {vïkodc nm dvv|bmh tr‟oc m ‟d erê|b hb ¡ hïcox mdxr|bc ±# k‟b{x'æ'ho|b hb{ omi|dkxonm{ tro {b|dobmx xnr`nr|{ bx vd|xnrx vrmo{{dlcb{ æ trbctrb{ ïvntrb{ bx trbctrb{ cobrz trb kb {noxD knxï hb kbxxb ïyncrxonm hb cd k|ogomdcoxï tro mïkb{{oxb cb{ gnhoiokdxonm{ hb cd cno# oc  d dr{{o

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biibx# cb mngl|b hb{ idox{ vïmdcbgbmx vrmo{{dlcb{ mb kb{{b hb {‟dkk|níx|b dybk cb hïybcnvvbgbmx hb cd koyoco{dxonm# kbcd {‟bzvcotrb h‟rmb vd|x vd| cb kjdmebgbmx nr c‟ïyncrxonm hb{ gśr|{# bx h‟drx|b vd| x vd| c‟dkk|no{{bgbmx ïmn|gb hr |øcb hb c‟Bxdx hdm{ cd {nkoïxï dkxrbccb- Oc {riiox hb {nmeb| æ c‟bgv|o{b hb{ v|nlcêgb{ ïknmngotrb{- Cb h|nox vïmdc hb{ diido|b{ nr h|nox vïmdc ïknmngotrb b{x kb|xdombgbmx hb{xomï æ {b hïybcnvvb| bmkn|b bx æ {b kngvcotrb|Kbko mnr{ dgêmb æ ho|b trb cb h|nox vïmdc {vïkodc b{x {bm{olcb æ hb{ gnhb{ hb yob bx æ hb{ knr|dmx{ hb vbm{ïbCb h|nox vïmdc {vïkodc bmyo{deb cb{ omi|dkxonm{ {ïvd|ïgbmx# {ïvd|ïgbmx# vnr| kjdkrmb oc ïmrgê|b ïmrgê|b bx v|ïko{b {b{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrxoi{# oc omhotrb hb{ vïmdcoxï{ dvvcokdlcb{ drz drxbr|{ hb kjdkrmb hb kb{ omi|dkxonm{

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V|ïko{nm{ kbvbmhdmx tr‟rmb omi|dkxonm mb vbrx àx| b knm{xoxrïb trb hdm{ cd gb{r|b nÿ {b x|nrybmx |ïrmo{ x|no{ ïcïgbmx{- Cb |øcb hr h|nox vïmdc {vïkodc yd àx|b h‟dhnvxb| kb{ x|no{ ïcïgbmx{ æ kjdkrmb hb{ omi|dkxonm{- Cb h|nox vïmdc {vïkodc yd hïk|o|b bm hïxdoc kjdkrm hb{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrxoi{ hb

c‟omi|dkxonm- [o cb kngvn|xbgbmx knm{xdxï mb kn||b{vnmh vd{ æ cd hïiomoxonm cïedcb oc m‟ dr|d vd{ h‟omi|dkxonm bm |do{nm hr v|omkovb h‟ omxb|v|ïxdxonm {x|okxb hb cd cno vïmdcbvïmdcbXnr{ cb{ |do{nmmbgbmx{ hr h|nox vbrybmx |dgbmb| dr v|nlcêgb hb cd trdcoiokdxonm-

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V|ïko{nm{ dr{{o tr‟bm kd{ hb krgrc ohïdc hb c‟omi|dkxonm# nm |bxobmx cd trdcoiokdxonm cd vcr{ jdrxb {dri 

{‟oc bzo{xb rmb trdcoiokdxonm {vïkodcb tro hï|neb æ rmb trdcoiokdxonm vcr{ eïmï|dcb k‟b{x cd vcr{ {vïkodcb tro b{x |bxbmrb-

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XOX\B 4 0 EBMB\DCOXB HB[ OMI\DKXONM[ KNMX\B CB[ LOBM[ Cb{ omi|dkxonm{ knmx|b cb{ lobm{ {nmx bzx|àgbgbmx mngl|br{b{- Cb{ xbzxb{ ho{xomerbmx hbrz

kdxïen|ob{ h‟omi|dkxonm tro {rvvn{bmx rmb dxxbomxb gdxï|obccb æ cd kjn{b h‟drx|ro- Cd hbrzoêgb kdxïen|ob# cb{ omi|dkxonm{ {rvvn{bmx rmb d xxbomxb `r|ohotrb æ cd kjn{b h‟drx|ro hnmx cb hïcomtrdmx m‟bmhnggdeb vd{ cd kjn{b# bccb{ vn|xbmx dxxbomxb dr h|nox trb cb v|nv|oïxdo|b d {r| cd kjn{b *ync# b{k|ntrb|ob# dlr{ hb knmiodmkb/

[nr{'xox|b v|bgob| 0 cb{ dxxbomxb{ `r|ohotrb{ KJDVOX\B O 0 CB YNC Cb ync knm{xoxrb c‟omi|dkxonm cd vcr{ knmmrb bx cd vcr{ i|ïtrbmxb- Kbxxb omi|dkxonm v|ï{bmxb rmb ogvn|xdmkb {nkodcb knm{ohï|dlcb hdm{ cd gb{r|b nÿ cb yncbr| vn|xb ho|bkxbgbmx dxxbomxb dr h|nox hb v|nv|oïxï- Cb knhb vïmdc gd|nkdom hïiomox trdmx æ cro c‟omi|dk xonm hr ync hdm{ {nm d|xokcb 262 tro {xovrcb trb ¡ troknmtrb {nr{x|dox i|drhrcbr{bgbmx rmb kjn{b dvvd|xbmdmx æ drx|ro b{x knrvdlcb hb

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Cb v|omkovb b{x trb cd vnr|{roxb vbrx àx|b hïkcbmkjïb omhïvbmhdggbmx hb xnrxb vcdomxb hb cd yokxogb- Kbcd bmx|dímb hbrz kjn{b{ 0 c‟dl{xbmxonm hb cd yokxogb m‟bgvàkjb vd{ cb gomo{xê|b vrlcok hb

cd vnr|{roxb- Hbrzoêgb knm{ïtrbmkb cd yncnmxï hb cd yokxogb h‟bzkcr|b c‟dkxonm vrlcotrb m‟ d drkrm biibx bx cb gomo{xê|b vrlcok d cb c b h|nox hb vnr|{roy|bKb v|omkovb knmmdí x rmb cogoxb tro {b hïedeb hb c‟d|xokcb 2<< tro v|ïko{b ¡ cd vnr|{roxb m‟d cobr trb {r| vcdomxb hb cd vb|{nmmb cï{ïb# cb |bx|dox hb cd vcdomxb gbx iom drz vnr|{roxb--- ±

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Hbrzoêgb knm{ïtrbmkb# kb trb c‟omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b tro b{x c‟rm hb{ ïcïgbmx{ hr hïcox hnox àx|b æ gngbmx gàgb hb cd {nr{x|dkxonm# bm knm{ïtrbmkb rmb omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b tro vd|díx|dox

vn{xï|obr|bgbmx æ cd {nr{x|dkxonm mb {riio|dox vd| bzbgvcb c‟b||br|Cb kd|dkxê|b om{xdmxdmï hb c‟omi|dkxonm idox |b{{n|xo| ; knm{ïtrbmkb{ hr vnomx hb yrb hb cd v|nkïhr|b Cd kngvïxbmkb hr x|olrmdc 0 [brc cb x|olrmdc hr cobr hb cd {nr{x|dkxonm b{x kngvïxbmx bm biibx hr cobr

nr oc {‟b{x x|nryï bm vn{{b{{onm hb c‟nl`bx Cd v|b{k|ovxonm 0 Cd v|b{k|ovxonm knr|x hê{ cd {nr{x|dkxonm- K‟b{x rmb knm{ïtrbmkb cneotrb hr kd|dkxê|b om{xdmxdmï hr ync bx cæ bmkn|b# cd trb{xonm d ïxï ho{krxïb vnr| hb{ |do{nm{ v|dxotrb{- K‟b{x

c‟bzo{xbmkb hb mn{ `nr|{ `nr|{ hr ync hb c‟ïcbkx|okoxï bx hr ync h‟ ïmb|eob- Kb{ {nr{x|dkxonm{ {nmx v|ïyrb{ bx {dmkxonmmïb{ vd| c‟d|xokcb 2<4 hr knhb vïmdc- Rmb vd|xob hb cd hnkx|omb b{xogdox trb c‟omi|dkxonm hr ync h‟ïcbkx|okoxï nr h‟ïmb|eob {b v|ncnmebdox dr{{o cnmexbgv{ trb hr|dobmx cb{ v|ïcêybgbmx{ bm |ïdcoxï- Cb hïcox b{x om{xdmxdmï kd| hdm{ rmb xbccb jvnxjê{b oc d hr ync {rkkb{{oi bx mnr{ {nggb hdm{ rmb {oxrdxonm ¡ hr knmknr|{ |ïbc hb c‟omi|dkxonm ±- Cd v|b{k|ovxonm knr|{ æ kjdtrb {nr{x|dkxonmC‟drxn|oxï C‟drxn|oxï hb cd kjn{b `reïb 0 C‟drxn|oxï hb cd kjn{b `reïb {‟dvvcotrb trbctrb {nox c b kngvn|xbgbmx bzxï|obr| hb cd yokxogb- Kb v|omkovb bmx|dímb hbrz knm{ïtrbmkb{ 0 4- Kb trb cb `reb d hïkohï b{x knm{ohï|ï knggb ïxdmx cd yï|oxï drz bm`brz hr h|nox- <- Nm mb vbrx vd{ `reb| rmb hbrzoêgb ino{ rmb

diido|b ddmx idox c‟diido|b h‟rmb hïko{onm hïiomoxoyb- K‟b{x rmb |êecb tr‟nm d c‟jdloxrhb h‟dvvcotrb| cn|{trb cb `reb d knmhdgmï vnr| ync bx cn|{trb c‟omhoyohr d bzïkrxï {d vbomb# oc mb vbrx vd{ d mnrybdr àx|b vnr|{royo- [o bccb {‟b{x |bx|nryïb bm vn{{b{{onm hb c‟nl`bx hï|nlï *c‟dkxonm bm |bybmhokdx onm/Oc bzo{xb kbvbmhdmx rmb bzkbvxonm knm{ohï|dlcb v|nv|b dr h|nox gd|nkdom tro b{x v|ïyrb vd| c‟d|xokcb 2
Kd ybrx ho|b trb cb ync {b ho{xomerb hb{ drx|b{ omi|dkxonm{ knmx|b cb{ lobm{ kb tro ho{xomerb cb ync hb{ drx|b{ omi|dkxonm{ vcr{ dr gnom{ yno{omb{ b{x cd mnxonm hb {nr{x|dkxonm-

C‟d|xokcb 262 hr knhb vïmdc hïiomox cb ync hdm{ cb{ xb|gb{ {roydmx{ 0 ¡ troknmtrb {nr{x|dox i|drhrcbr{bgbmx rmb kjn{b dvvd|xbmdmx æ drx|ro b{x knrvdlcb hb ync ± kbxxb hïiomoxonm kngvn|xb hbrz d{vbkx{ gdxï|obc bx gn|dc

K‟b{x cd {nr{x|dkxonm tro |bv|ï{bmxb c‟ïcïgbmx kbmx|dc hb c‟omi|dkxonm - Kbvbmhdmx# hbrz trb{xonm{ {b vn{bmx# æ {dyno| {r| trno hnox vn|xb| cd {nr{x|dkxonm > *k‟b{x c‟nl`bx hb c‟dkxb/- Bm trno knm{o{xb cd {nr{x|dkxonm > *k‟b{x cd mdxr|b hb c‟dkxb/ -

Cb xbzxb hb c‟d|xokcb 262 v|ïko{b trb c‟nl`bx hb c‟dkxb b{x rmb kjn{b dvvd|xbmdmx æ drx|ro -

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d- cd kjn{b Cb knhb vïmdc d v|ïiï|ï {b {b|yo| hr {ogvcb gnx ¡ kjn{b ± tro m‟b{x vd{ d{{nkoï æ drkrm trdcoiokdxoi xbc trb cb{ gnx{ ¡ gdxï|obccb ± nr ¡ kn|vn|bccb ± tro |ïhro|dox cd vn|xïb drz {brcb{ kjn{b{ vj{otrb{ bx xdmeolcb{Cb xbzxb yo{b xnrx lobm nr xnrx ïcïgbmx vdx|ognmodc bmyo{deï omhïvbmhdggbmx hb {b{ trdcoxï{ vj{otrb{ nr gdxï|obccb{- Drx|bgbmx hox# oc |ï{rcxb hb cd hïiomoxonm hr ync trb kbcro'ko mb vbrx dyno|

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C‟d|xokcb 262 bzoeb c‟dvvd|xbmdmkb hb cd kjn{b kjn {b æ drx|ro# oc idrh|d hnmk v|nryb| trb cd kjn{b dvvd|xobmx æ drx|ro- C‟bzoebmkb hb cd v|bryb b{x vd|idoxbgbmx mn|gdcb# {brcbgbmx kb tro idox hoiiokrcxï k‟b{x trb

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cb v|nlcêgb hb cd v|nv|oïxï b{x rm v|nlcêgb hb h|nox koyoc# n| v|ïko{ïgbmx cb v|nkê{ d cobr hbydmx cd  `r|ohokxonm vïmdcb- Hê{ cn|{ oc yd  dyno| hb{ omxb|iï|bmkb{ bmx|b cb{ |êecb{ koyocb{ bx cb{ |êecb{ vïmdcb{Kbxxb omxb|iï|bmkb kb knm{xdxb æ hbrz moybdrz 0 H‟dln|h cn|{tr‟oc idrx hïxb|gomb| tro d kngvïxbmkb hb x|dmkjb| cb v|nlcêgb# bx bm{roxb vnr| {dyno| {bcnm trbccb |êecb yd'x'nm x|dmkjb| cb v|nlcêgb hb v|nv|oïxïTro d kngvïxbmkb vnr| x|dmkjb| cb v|nlcêgb hb v|nv|oïxï >

Bm v|omkovb# k‟b{x cb gomo{xê|b vrlcok tro hnox v|nryb| trb cd kjn{b {nr{x|doxb dvvd|xobmx æ drx|roK‟b{x dcn|{ trb cb gomo{xê|b vrlcok v|nvn{b hb{ ïcïgbmx{ hb v|bryb tro ïxdlco{{bmx trb cd kjn{b m‟dvvd|xobmx vd{ æ c‟omkrcvï- C‟omkrcvï yd |ïvnmh|b cn|{trb k‟b{x vn{{olcb bm {nrcbydmx c‟bzkbvxonm c‟bzkbvxonm hb v|nv|oïxï# k‟b{x'æ'ho|b trb c‟omkrcvï yd {b hïibmh|b bm diio|gdmx trb cd kjn{b cro dvvd|xobmx- K‟b{x rm d|ergbmx {nrcbyï vd| c‟rm hb{ vcdohbr|{ hnmx c‟nl`bx b{x hb vd|dc{b| c‟bzdgbm hb inmh hb c‟diido|bKbvbmhdmx cb v|nlcêgb {b vn{b cn|{trb c‟omkrcvï {nrcêyb c‟bzkbvxonm hb v|nv|oïxï- Cd `r|ohokxonm vïmdcb vbrx bccb {xdxrb| {r| cb lobm inmhï hb kbxxb bzkbvxonm > Hdm{ kb kd{# hbrz {ncrxonm{ {nmx vn{{olcb{# nr lobm cb `reb vïmdc x|dmkjb cro'gàgb cb v|nlcêgb hb

v|nv|oïxï nr lobm oc |bmynob c‟diido|b hby dmx cb `reb koyoc- Cd {ncrxonm hïvbmh hr vnomx hb {dyno| {o c‟bzkbvxonm vn|xb {r| cd v|nv|oïxï h‟rm gbrlcb nr oggbrlcbCn|{trb c‟bzkbvxonm vn|xb {r| cd v|nv|oïxï h‟rm lobm gbrlcb# cb `reb vïmdc vbrx {xdxrb| {r| cd trb{xonm hb v|nv|oïxï bm yb|xr hr v|omkov b hb v|nkïhr|b {bcnm cbtrbc cb `reb hb c‟dkxonm b{x `reb h‟bzkbvxonm- [o bm |bydmkjb# c‟bzkbvxonm vn|xb {r| cd v|nv|oïxï h‟rm oggbrlcb# cb `reb vïmdc m‟b{x vd{ kngvïxbmx# oc hby|d |bmynb| c‟diido|b hbydmx rm `reb koyoc- Cb `reb koyoc x|dmkjb|d cb v|nlcêgb hb v|nv|oïxï bx c‟diido|b |byobmh|d hbydmx cb `reb vïmdc tro x|dmkjb|d x| dmkjb|d cb v|nlcêgb hr ync kngvxb xbmr hr v|nlcêgb hb cd v|nv|oïxï[bcnm trbccb |êecb cb `reb kngvïxbmx yd x'oc x|dmkjb| cb v|nlcêgb hb cd v|nv|oïxï > Yd'x'oc dvvcotrb| cb{ |êecb{ hb h|nox koyoc nr hb h|nox vïmdc > Rm vnomx b{x kb|xdom# cn|{trb cd `r|ohokxonm koyocb b{x dgbmïb æ {xdxrb| bccb mb vbrx {xdxrb| tr‟bm rxoco{dmx cb{ |êecb{ koyocb{# mnxdggbmx cb{ |êecb{ koyocb{ trb cd cno d v|ïyrb{ vnr| cd v|nv|oïxï

oggnlocoê|b- Hnmk cb `reb kngvïxbmx bm gdxoê|b h‟oggbrlcb{ mb vbrx rxoco{b| h‟drx|b{ gnhb{ hb v|bryb trb cb{ v|bryb{ koyocb{ {nr{ v|ïxbzxb trb cb v|nlcêgb hb v|nv|oïxï knmhoxonmmb c‟bzo{xbmkb hb c‟omi|dkxonmBm |bydmkjb# oc  d v|nlcêgb cn|{trb k‟b{x cb `reb vïmdc tro {xdxrb# hnox 'oc {b knmin|gb| drz |êecb{ koyocb{ {r| cd v|bryb nr dr knmx|do|b vbrx oc v|nryb| cd v|nv|oïxï vd| m‟ogvn|xb trbc gnbm > Bm v|omkovb# cb `reb vïmdc hnox {roy|b cb{ |êecb{ koyocb{- Oc m‟ d tr‟rm kd{ nÿ cb `reb vïmdc vnr||d v|nryb| vd| xnrx gnbm bm kd{ hb vb|xb nr ync hr xox|b hb v|nv|oïxï cro'gàgb-

Cd {nr{x|dkxonm bzoeïb vd| c‟d|xokcb 262 hr knhb vïmdc b{x c‟ïcïgbmx cb vcr{ yo{olcb bx cb vcr{

kd|dkxï|o{xotrb hr ync- [nr{x|do|b k‟ b{x v|bmh|b# bmcbyb|# |dyo|# k‟b{x ido|b vd{{b| rm nl`bx hb cd gdom hb {nm hïxbmxbr| cïeoxogb# knmx|b {nm e|ï# bmx|b cb{ gdom{ hb c‟drxbr| hr hïcox-

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Cd {nr{x|dkxonm knm{o{xb hnmk æ v|bmh|b bx æ bgvn|xb| rmb kjn{ b æ c‟om{r nr knmx|b cb e|ï hb {nm

v|nv|oïxdo|b nr vn{{b{{br|# k‟b{x 'æ'ho|b æ bm r{r|vb| cd vn{{b{{onm hb idånm kngvcêxb bx hïiomoxoybVnr| tr‟oc  dox {nr{x|dkxonm# oc idrx tr‟oc  dox bmcêybgbmx hb cd kjn{b dr {bm{ gdxï|obc# gdo{ kbxxb knmkbvxonm d{{bp {x|okxb d ïxï ïcd|eob vd| cd `r|o{v|rhbmkb# tro b{xogb trb cd {nr{x|dkxonm vd| hïvcdkbgbmx gdxï|obc vbrx {‟bmxbmh|b ïedcbgbmx hb c‟r{r|vdxonm # gàgb xbgvn|do|b# hb cd {ogvcb

hïxbmxonm gdxï|obccb h‟rmb kjn{b bx tr‟dom{o knggbx rmb {nr{x|dkxonm kbcro tro {b k nmxbmxb hb hïxbmo| hb{ hnkrgbmx{ cb xbgv{ mïkb{{do|b æ cbr| |bv|nhrkxonm- Ho{nm{ h‟rmb idånm eïmï|dcb trb c‟dkxb gdxï|obc h‟bmcêybgbmx d hb gnom{ bm gnom{ h‟ogvn|xdmkb yr tr‟oc bzo{xb dr`nr|h‟jro hb{ xbkjmotrb{ mnrybccb{ tro vb|gbxxbmx hb {rl{xoxrb| cb{ kjn{b{ {dm{ tr‟oc  dox bmcêybgbmx gdxï|obcCd `r|o{v|rhbmkb dhnvxb rmb hïiomoxonm vcr{ {ogvcb hb cd {nr{x|dkxonm# nm x|nryb {nrybmx hdm{ cb{ d||àx{ cd hïiomoxonm {roydmxb 0 ¡ Cd {nr{x|dkxonm b{x xnrx dkxb vn{oxoi tro d vnr| |ï{rcxdx hb knmiï|b| æ {nm drxbr| rmb gdíx|o{b hb idox {r| cd kjn{b ±- Nm mb vd|cb vcr{ mo hb gdom v|o{b mo hb yoncbmkb bx vd|

knm{ïtrbmx# dr`nr|h‟jro# cd {nr{x|dkxonm vbrx bzo{xb| gàgb {o bccb b{x nlxbmrb vd | hb{ gnbm{ omho|bkx{- H‟rmb gdmoê|b eïmï|dcb# nm dhgbx dr`nr|h‟jro tr‟oc  d {nr{x|dkxonm gàgb hdm{ hb{ jvnxjê{b{ nÿ cd kjn{b d ïxï |bgo{b dr hïcomtrdmx-

C‟d|xokcb 262 hr knhb vïmdc vd|cb hb {nr{x|dkxonm i|drhrcbr{b- Oc idrx hnmk tr‟oc  dox rmb i|drhb bx k‟b{x v|ïko{ïgbmx c‟omxbmxonm- Oc {‟deox v|dxotrbgbmx hb c‟dvvcokdxonm hb{ |êecb{ eïmï|dcb{ {r| c‟omxbmxonm- Cb ync b{x hnmk rmb omi|dkxonm omxbmxonmmbccb# k‟b{x 'æ'ho|b trb c‟omxbmxonm b{x rmb knmhoxonm mïkb{{do|b bx {riio{dmxb-

Oc idrx knm{xdxb| tr‟rmb omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b æ hïidrx hb trno oc mb vbrx  dyno| ync# oc m‟ dr|d vd{ ync bm kd{ h‟b||br| bx bm kd{ hr knm{bmxbgbmx hr v|nv|oïxdo|bOc m‟ dr|d vd{ ync bm kd{ hb {nr{x|dkxonm idoxb vd| b||br| cn|{trb c‟debmx oemn|dox trb cd kjn{b dvvd|xobmx æ drx|ro vd| knmx|b c‟b||br| hb h|nox m‟b{x vd{ dhgo{b# nm mb {dr|dox dhgbxx|b trb cb{ vd|xokrcob|{ vro{{bmx {b ido|b `r{xokb brz gàgb bm {‟bgvd|dmx hb lobm{ dvvd|xbmdmx æ drx|ro# dr cobr h‟rxoco{b| cb{ ynob{ hb h|nox tro cd cno gbx æ cbr| ho{vn{oxonmOc m‟ d vd{ hb ync bm kd{ hr knm{bmxbgbmx hr v|nv|oïxdo|b - Cn|{trb cb v|nv|oïxdo|b d knm{bmxo# c‟debmx mb vbrx àx|b vnr|{royo vnr| ync- C‟bzo{xbmkb hr knm{bmxb gbmx b{x rmb trb{xonm hb idox# oc vbrx vd|ino{ àx|b xdkoxb-

Oc {riiox hb c‟omxbmxonm vnr| trb cb ync {nox knm{xoxrï omhïvbmhdggbmx hb xnrx drx|b ïcïgbmx# kb tro ybrx ho|b trb c‟omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b mb {b knminmh vd{ dybk c b gnlocb tro m‟bzb|kb drkrmb omicrbmkb {r| c‟ïcïgbmx gn|dc hb c‟omi|dkxonm *bzbgvcb 0 Knggbxxbmx rm ync kbrz tro {‟bgvd|bmx {kobggbmx hb kjn{b{ dvvd|xbmdmx æ drx|ro trb kb {nox vd| `br# vd| ybmebdmkb nr krvohoxï nr vnr| hïx|ro|b hb{ vrlcokdxonm{ `reïb{ {kdmhdcbr{b{/-

Hb gàgb# cb hï{o| h‟dvv|nv|odxonm m‟b{x vd{ bzoeï *bzbgvcb 0 ido|b bmyncb| cb{ no{bdrz hr yno{om/-

4;

Cb knhb vïmdc gd|nkdom v|ïynox x|no{ kdxïen|ob{ hb ync# æ {dyno| 0 cb hïcox hb vncokb# cb hïcox kn||bkxonmmbc 1 cb ync trdcoioï hb k|ogb - Vnr| kb hb|mob|# {d e|dyoxï hïvbmh hb c‟bzo{xbmkb h‟rmb nr vcr{obr|{ ko|knm{xdmkb{ dee|dydmxb{ tro {nmx v|ïyrb{ hdm{ cb{ d|xokcb{ 26:# 26?# 2<6 knggb cb{ ko|knm{xdmkb{ hb xbgv{ *cd mrox/# hb cobr *kjbgom vrlcok/ 1 {bcnm cb{ gnhb{ h‟bzïkrxonm *vn|x h‟d|gb# yoncbmkb nr bii|dkxonm/ nr cd trdcoxï hb c‟drxbr| *ync vd| hngb{xotrb# drlb|eo{xb nr {b||r|ob|/-

Kbvbmhdmx# trbctrb {nox cd trdcoiokdxonm hr ync# cd xbmxdxoyb b{x d{{ogocdlcb æ c‟dkxb knm {nggï bx b{x vrmo{{dlcb knggb xbc- Hb gàgb cn|{trb cb ync b{x rm hïcox# oc bmx|dímb# bm vcr{ hb cd vbomb gdzogdcb#

rmb vbomb dkkb{{no|b idkrcxdxoyb h‟omxb|hokxonm h‟rm nr vcr{obr|{ h|nox{ koyotrb{# koyoc b{ nr hb idgoccb v|ïyrb æ c‟d|xokcb 86 hr knhb vïmdc# bm vcr{ hb c‟ omxb|hokxonm hb {ï`nr| vnr| komt dm{ dr gnom{ bx hoz dm{ dr vcr{-

Cb{ d|xokcb{ 2;8 bx 2;2 v|ïynobmx cb{ oggrmoxï{ cïedcb{ tro {‟dvvcotrbmx dr ync *bzbgvcb 0 ync bmx|b knm`nomx{/

KJDVOX\B OO 0 C‟B[K\NTRB\OB C‟b{k|ntrb|ob b{x rm hïcox xbmhdmx xbmhdmx knggb cb ync æ c‟dvv|nv|odxonm i|drhrcbr{b hb cd kjn{b h‟drx|ro# gdo{ cd gïxjnhb h‟dvv|nv|odxonm bm hoiiê|b x|ê{ mbxxbg bmx- Dr cobr hb {nr{x|do|b cd kjn{b tr‟oc knmynoxb# c‟b{k|nk bm v|nyntrb cd |bgo{b yncnmxdo|b vd| {nm vn{{b{{br| æ c‟dohb hb gnbm{ i|drhrcbrz hb{xomï{ æ omhro|b bm b||br|-

K‟b{x dom{o trb c‟d|xokcb 286 hr knhb vïmdc v|ïynox trb ¡ troknmtrb bm yrb hb {b v|nkr|b|… ±- Bm biibx# c‟b{k|ntrb|ob dvvd|díx knggb rmb omi|dkxonm kngvcbzb mïkb{{oxdmx cd go{b bm gnrybgbmx hb gnbm{ kd|dkxï|o{ï{ bx x|ê{ {vïkoiotrb{- Oc bm |ï{rcxb trb cd v|bryb hr hïcox |b{xb d{{b hïcokdxb æ |dvvn|xb| hdm{ lobm hb{ kd{- Gdce|ï rmb omxb|v|ïxdxonm bzxbm{oyb vd| cd `r|o{v|rhbmkb hb{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrbmx hb c‟omi|dkxonm# kbxxb gïxjnhb {‟ogvn{b vnr| d{{r|b| cd |ïv|b{{onm {nrjdoxdlcb 1 gdo{

c‟b{k|ntrb|ob knm{xoxrb vd| bzkbccbmkb cb hngdomb hb hïcomtrdmkb h‟d{xrkb bx cb{ x|olrmdrz hbgbr|bmx vd|ino{ ogvro{{dmx{ bm idkb hb c‟jdlocoxï {dm{ kb{{b |bmnrybcïb vnr| mb vd{ vd|cb| hb eïmob hïvcnï vd| kb|xdom{ hïcomtrdmx{- D kb v|nvn{ mnr{ |bcbynm{ hbrz |bgd|trb{ 0 

Cd v|bgoê|b b{x h‟n|h|b {nkoncneotrb{# c‟b{k|nk æ cd hoiiï|bmkb hr yncbr| b{x eïmï|dcbgbmx omxbccoebmx kd| cd i|drhb bzoeb {nrybmx rmb go{b bm {kêmb vb|ibkxonmmïb- Oc b{x v|b{trb xnr`nr|{ dhrcxb# {nrybmx |ïkohoyo{xb-



Cd hbrzoêgb |bgd|trb b{x h‟n|h|b `r|ohotrb- Lobm trb kngvcbzb bx {‟ïxbmhdmx {nrybmx {r| rmb cnmerb vï|onhb# c‟b{k|ntrb|ob b{x rmb omi|dkxonm om{xdmxdmïb o m{xdmxdmïb bx mnm {rkkb{{oyb-

C‟d|xokcb 286 hr knhb vïmdc v|ïynox trb cd trdcoiokdxonm h‟b{k|ntrb|ob {b cogoxb æ cd go {b bm śry|b hb kb|xdom{ gnbm{ hïvcnï{ hdm{ rm kb|xdom lrx-

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D cd hoiiï|bmkb hb kb|xdom{ h|nox{ ïx|dmeb|{# cb h|nox gd|nkdom m‟bm hnmmb vd{ rmb co{xb knmk|êxb bx cogoxdxoyb- Cb xbzxb ïyntrb cd trb{xonm hb idånm eïmï|dcb cdo{{dmx drz `reb{ cb {nom hb hïxb|gomb| cb

hngdomb bzdkx hb c‟omk|ogomdxonm- Xnrxbino{# c‟d|xokcb 286 v|ïynox hbrz jvnxjê{b{ 0

Hdm{ kb kd{# c‟b{k|nk idox bm {n|xb h‟dgbmb| {d yokxogb æ knggbxx|b rmb b||br| tr‟bccb m‟dr|dox vd{ knggo{b {dm{ {nm omxb|ybmxonm- Oc idrx |bgd|trb| trb cd cno rxoco{b cb xb|gb d{xrkobr{bgbmx# kbcd

{rvvn{b rmb kb|xdomb go{b bm {kêmb hb{ gdmśry|b{ i|drhrcbr{b{Bm v|omkovb# cb {ogvcb gbm{nmeb nr cb {ogvcb {ocbmkb mnm dkkngvdemï hb gd mśry|b mb {bglcb vd{

vnryno| knm{xoxrb| c‟b{k|ntrb|ob- Hb gàgb# cd `r|o{v|rhbmkb {bglcb bzoeb| hb{ gdmśry|b{ nr hr gnom{ rmb go{b bm {kêmb ïcïgbmxdo|b- Drz xb|gb{ hr xbzxb# c‟b||br| vbrx àx|b v|nyntrïb vd| hbrz gnbm{ 0

d- Diio|gdxonm idccdkobr{b Oc {‟deox hb gbm{nmeb{ hb{xomï{ æ v|nyntrb| c‟b||br| kjbp cd yokxogb hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob gdo{ bm v|omkovb# cb gbm{nmeb {brc mb {riiox vd{- Oc hnox àx|b dkkngvdemï vd| rmb go{b bm {kêmb# vd| hb{ gdmśry|b{ i|drhrcbr{b{- Drx|bgbmx hox# cb gbm{nmeb hnox àx|b |bmin|kï vd| rm idox bzxï|obr|- Kbvbmhdmx# cb idox bzxï|obr| dkkngvdemdmx cb gbm{nmeb vbrx àx|b rmb go{b bm {kêmb- K‟b{x {nrybmx cb kd{ hdm{ cb gnmhb hb{ diido|b{ nÿ cb{ go{b{ bm {kêmb{ {nmx vd|ino{ vb|ibkxonmmïb{ dr vnomx trb cd i|drhb b{x æ vbr v|ê{ omhïkbcdlcb *bzbgvcb 0 c‟om{xdccdxonm iokxoyb hb lr|bdrz/- Cd go{b bm {kêmb vbrx bzo{xb| dr{{o

hdm{ hb{ |bcdxonm{ hb vd|xokrcob|{ æ vd|xokrcob|{ *bzbgvcb hb cd {ogrcdxonm h‟rm kdgl|oncdeb bm yrb h‟rmb b{k|ntrb|ob æ c‟d{{r|dmkb/ Cd v|nhrkxonm h‟rm hnkrgbmx 0 kb hnkrgbmx hnox àx|b dvvrï vd| hb idr{{b{ dccïedxonm{ *bzbgvcb

h‟rm hnkrgbmx yo{dmx æ v|nryb| cd trdcoxï hb v|nv|oïxdo|b/ C‟omxb|ybmxonm h‟rm xob|{ 0 cb xob|{ d eïmï|dcbgbmx vnr| go{{onm hb knmio|gb| cb{ ho|b{ hb c‟b{k|nk\bgd|trb 0 Oc idrx trb c‟omxb|ybmxonm hr xob|{ {nox v|nyntrïb vd| c‟d|ebmx- C‟omxb|ybmxonm {vnmxdmïb

hr xob|{ mb knm{xoxrb vd{ rm ïcïgbmx {riio{dmx- Oc m‟b{x vd{ mïkb{{do|b trb cb xob|{ dox rm |øcb dkxoi hdm{ c‟nvï|dxonm# knm{ïtrbmkb# cb xob|{ vbrx àx|b hb lnmmb ino- C‟omi|dkxonm m‟bm b{x vd{ gnom{ knm{xoxrïb gàgb {‟oc |b{xb vd{{oi nr omknm{kobmx hb {nm |øcb- Cb xob|{ b{x {nrybmx hb gdrydo{b ino oc vnr||d dcn|{ àx|b vnr|{royo knggb kngvcokb hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob-

l- Cd ho{{ogrcdxonm hb idox{ y|do{ Cb kngvn|xbgbmx hr hïcomtrdmx b{x dcn|{ omyb|{b- Oc {‟deox xnr`nr|{ h‟omhro|b cd yok xogb bm b||br| gdo{ c‟b{k|nk {b knmxbmxb hb ho{{ogrcb| hb{ idox{ nr hb{ {oxrdxonm{ bm gàgb{ bzdkxb{- Dr cobr hb gbmxo|# oc {b knmxbmxb hb ed|hb| cb {ocbmkb- C‟nl`bx hb cd ho{{ogrcdxonm vbrx bm v|dxotrb v|dxo trb àx|b {ogvcbHo{{ogrcdxonm hb {nm mng 0 cb hïcomtrdmx r{b dcn|{ h‟rm idrz mng- Oc rxoco{b cb mng h‟rm xob|{- Kbx r{deb vbrx àx|b ïk|ox nr yb|ldcHo{{ogrcdxonm Ho{{ogrcdxonm hb {d trdcoxï yï|oxdlcb 0 k‟b{x c‟bzbgvcb h‟rmb ibggb tro nlxobmx h‟rm knggb|ådmx rm k|ïhox ogvn|xdmx ld{ï {r| cd {ncydlocoxï hb {nm gd|o bm ho{{ogrcdmx {d trdcoxï hb ibggb hoyn|kïb-

42

Cd trdcoxï ho{{ogrcïb vbrx àx|b mnm {brcbgbmx kbccb hr hïcomtrdmx gdo{ dr{{o kbccb h‟rm xob|{- Cb idox h‟dyno| hdm{ cb vd{{ï vn{{ïhï cd trdcoxï æ cïerb| m‟biidkb vcr{ c‟omi|dkxonm- Cb{ jvnxjê{b{ hb ho{{ogrcdxonm hb cd y|do trdcoxï {nmx mngl|br{b{ bx hoyb|{b{ *bzbgvcb 0 {b ho|b idr{{bgbmx knggb|ådmx# idr{{bgbmx gdmhdxdo|b# bxk-/ Ho{{ogrcdxonm Ho{{ogrcdxonm knmkb|mdmx cb{ lobm{ 0 cb hïcomtrdmx ybrx |bgbxx|b hb{ lobm{ æ cd yokxogb dcn|{ trb kb{ lobm{ {nmx omdcoïmdlcb{ nr inmx c‟nl`bx h‟rm h|nox hb edeb nr hb knv|nv|oïxï- Hb xbccb{ ho{{ogrcdxonm{

{‟dkkngvdembmx {nrybmx hb cd v|nhrkxonm h‟rm ïk|ox nr hb c‟omxb|ybmxonm h‟rm xob|{-

Hdm{ kb kd{# c‟b{k|nk ed|hb rmb dxxoxrhb vd{{oyb# oc mb v|nyntrb vd{ c‟b||br| tro b{x knggo{b {vnmxdmïgbmx vd| cd yokxogb# kbccb'ko {b x|ngvb bx cb hïcomtrdmx {b knmxbmxb h‟bm v|nioxb|Knm{ïtrbmkb 0 Lobm trb kb|xdom{ b{xogbmx c‟omk|ogomdxonm `r{xoioïb vd| cb idox trb cb{ deo{{bgbmx{ yo{ï{ |bcêybmx rm ïxdx dr{{o hdmeb|brz trb kbcro hr gbm{nmeb- Nm vbrx b{xogb| trb cb `reb mb hnox

knmhdgmb| trb hdm{ cb kd{ nÿ c‟bzvcnoxdxonm hb c‟b||br| d bzoeï hb cd vd|x hb c‟b{k|nk hb yï|oxdlcb{ gdmśry|b{ nr hr gnom{ rmb knmio|gdxonm bzv|b{{b hb cd |ïdcoxï hr idox nr hb cd yï|oxï hb cd k|ndmkb b||nmïb- Kbcd {bglcb hr |b{xb àx|b cd xbmhdmkb hb cd `r|o{v|rhbmkb# kbccb'ko b{xogb bm biibx trb

c‟b{k|ntrb|ob b{x knm{xoxrïb cn|{trb c‟debmx ddmx v|o{ knmmdo{{dmkb hb c‟b||br|# v|nvn{b æ cd yokxogb rm knmx|dx diom hb c‟bzvc noxb|-

Cb lrx hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob b{x hnmk cd |bgo{b h‟rmb kjn{b gdo{ m‟ ogvn|xb cdtrbccb oc idrx bm vcr{ trb cd |bgo{b {nox occïeoxogb

K‟b{x c‟ïcïgbmx b{{bmxobc kbcro tro ho{xomerb c‟ b{k|ntrb|ob hr ync bx cd |dvv|nkjb hb c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb-

d- cb{ kd|dkxê|b{ hb cd |bgo{b C‟nl`bx hb cd |bgo{b ogvn|xb vbr# cd cno æ kbx ïed|h mb v|ïynox |obm- Oc bm |ï{rcxb trb cb v|niox vbrx àx|b knm{xoxrï vd| cd |bgo{b h‟rmb kjn{b gnlocoê|b# k‟b{x cb kd{ cb vcr{ i|ïtrbmx h‟rmb kjn{b oggnlocoê|b 1 kbccb'ko b{x vcr{ hoiiokocb æ knmkbyno| kd| cd |bgo{b {rvvn{b rm hïvcdkbgbmx gdo{ cd |bgo{b h‟rm xox|b knm{xdxdmx c‟bzo{xbmkb h‟rm h|nox oggnlocob| b{x omho{krxdlcbgbmx o mho{krxdlcbgbmx yo{ïb vd| cd cnoBm hïiomoxoyb# cd {brcb knmhoxonm b {x trb cb v|niox {nox vïkrmodo|b k‟b{x 'æ'ho|b {r{kbvxolcb h‟rmb

ïydcrdxonm bm {nggb h‟d|ebmx-

l- cb |ï{rcxdx hb cd |bgo{b Oc {‟deox hb hïxb|gomb| cd yokxogb æ hb{ dkxb{ v|ï`rhokodlcb{ æ {b{ omxï|àx{ vïkrmodo|b{ nr æ kbrz h‟rm xob|{- Cd |bgo{b hnox hnmk vn|xb| v|ï`rhokb æ cd yokxogb- C‟d|xokcb 289 v|ïynox trb cd xbmxdxoyb h‟b{k|ntrb|ob b{x vrmob hb{ gàgb{ vbomb{ trb c‟omi|dkxonm knm{nggïb-

49

[bcnm c‟d|xokcb 286# cb v|niox hnox àx|b occïeoxogb# kb tro ybrx ho|b trb cn|{trb cd |bgo{b b{x `r{xoioïb vd| rm h|nox æ nlxbmo| hb c‟d|ebmx# cd trdcoiokdxonm hb c‟b{k|ntrb|ob hnox àx|b bzkcrbBm biibx# oc mb idrx vd{ trb cd |r{b knm{xoxrb rm gnbm cokoxb hb {b ido|b `r{xokb {no'gàgb- Oc idrx àx|b kb|xdom hr kd|dkxê|b cïeoxogb hr v|niox vïkrmodo|b nlxbmr h‟nÿ cd mïkb{{oxï h‟ïxdlco| rmb ho{xomkxonm-

Nr lobm cb xox|b omyntrï vd| c‟debmx vnr| v|nryb| cb kd|dkxê|b cïeoxogb hb cd |bgo{b b{x kb|xdom# ydcdlcb bx mnm knmxb{xï *dkxb drxjbmxotrb col|bgbmx knmkcr/ hdm{ kb kd{ vd{ h‟b{k|ntrb|ob- Nr lobm cb xox|b omyntrï vd| c‟debmx m‟b{x vd{ kb|xdom *k|ïdmkb hïcokxrbccb tro m‟d vd{ bmkn|b idox c‟nl`bx h‟rm  `rebgbmx/ vd{ ydcdlcb *ybmxb knmkcrb vd| rm omkdvdlcb/ nr idox c‟nl`bx h‟rmb knmxb{xdxonm *k|ïdmkb hnmx cb gnmxdmx b{x ho{krxï/-

Hdm{ kb idox# c‟b{k|ntrb|ob b {x knm{xoxrïb {o cb v|niox {b |ïdco{b dydmx cb `rebgbmx nr cb |êecbgbmx hr coxoeb- Oc idrx vnr| kbcd trb cd knmxb{xdxonm {nox {ï|obr{b k‟b{x 'æ'ho|b idrxb hb trno oc m‟ dr|dox vd{ h‟b{k|ntrb|ob-

Cd cno v|ïynox r mb vbomb rmotrb vnr| c‟b{k|ntrb|ob bx cb{ omi|dkxonm { d{{ogocdlcb{- C‟d|xokcb 286 v|ïynox

rmb ko|knm{xdmkb dee|dydmxb bm kd{ h‟dvvbc dr vrlcok- C‟dee|dydxonm hb{ vïmdcoxï{ b{x dxxdkjïb mnm æ cd trdcoxï hb c‟debmx gdo{ æ cd ko|knm{xdmkb trb c‟omi|dkxonm d ïxï |ïdco{ïb vd| cb gnbm hb c‟dvvbc dr vrlcok- Dom{o# cd ko|knm{xdmkb dee|dydmxb d rm kd|dkxê|b |ïbc bx mn vb|{nmmbc- Kbvbmhdmx# oc  d dvvbc vrlcok hê{ tr‟rmb {nkoïxï nr io|gb omhr{x|obccb nr knggb|kodcb dr cobr hb {‟dh|b{{b| vd| hb{ x|dkxdxonm vd|xokrcoê|b{ æ hb{ kdvoxdco{xb{ hb {nm kjnoz bm yrb hb {b v|nkr|b| rm kdvoxdc nr hb{

gnbm{ h‟dkxonm {rvvcïgbmxdo|b{ {nccokoxb cb vrlcok vd| hb{ v|nkïhï{ hb vrlcokoxï trbcknmtrb dmmnmkb{# `nr|mdrz# v|n{vbkxr{# ko|krcdo|b{… Cb{ xox|b{ ïgo{ vbrybmx àx|b hb{ xox|b{ hb xnrxb mdxr|b 0 dkxonm{# nlcoedxonm{# lnm{ hb kdo{{b bx gàgb hb{ biibx{ hb knggb|kb

KJDVOX\B OOO 0 C‟DLR[ HB KNMIODMKB C‟d|xokcb 285 hr knhb vïmdc hïiomox kbxxb omi|dkxonm ¡ troknmtrb hb gdrydo{b ino hïxnr|mb nr ho{{ovb dr v|ï`rhokb hb{ v|nv|oïxdo|b{ vn{{b{{br|{ nr hïxbmxbr|{ {nox hb{ biibx{# hb{ hbmob|{ *d|ebmx vrlcok/

nr gd|kjdmho{b{…b{x knrvdlcb h‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb ±Kbx d|xokcb mb |ïv|ogb vd{ xnr{ cb{ dlr{ gn|drz æ cd knmiodmkb h‟drx|ro- Kb xbzxb mb {dmkxonmmb trb cb{ dlr{ gdxï|obc{# k‟b{x 'æ'ho|b cb{ hïxnr|mbgbmx{# cb{ ho{{ovdxonm{ h‟rmb kjn{b |bgo{b æ kjd|eb hb cd ybmh|b nr hb c‟rxoco{b| h‟rmb kb|xdomb idånm- K‟b{x kb tro hoiiï|bmkob kbxxb omi|dkxonm hr ync kd| oc m‟ d vcr{ {nr{x|dkxonm bx vd| |dvvn|x æ c‟b{k|ntrb|ob kd| oc  d dl{bmkb hb gdmśry| b{ i|drhrcbr{b{C‟drxbr| hb c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb hïxnr|mb rmb kjn{b tro cro d ïxï |bgo{b h‟rmb gdmoê|b vd|idoxbgbmx mn|gdcb- C‟d|xokcb 285 mb vd|cb vd{ hb xbmxdxoyb# kbccb 'ko mb vnrydmx àx|b kd|dkxï|o{ïb bm gdxoê|b hb knmiodmkb nr nm dvb|ånox hoiiokocbgbmx trbc{ {nmx cb{ dkxb{ tro vnr||dobmx knm{xoxrb| rm knggbmkbgbmx h‟bzïkrxonm hr hïxnr|mbgbmx {dm{ trb kb hïxnr|mbgbmx {nox dkkngvcox-

45

Bm |ï{rgï# nm vbrx ho|b vnr| tr‟oc  dox dlr{ hb knmiodmkb# oc idrx hbrz knmhoxonm{ 0 knmiodmkb bx dlr{-

Bccb {rvvn{b tr ‟rmb kjn{b dox ïxï |bgo{b vd| knmx|dx# k‟b{x 'æ'ho|b trb kbcro tro d |bgo{ cd kjn{b d idox

knmiodmkb æ kbcro æ tro oc c‟d |bgo{b- K‟b{x kb knmx|dx tro b{x dr k nmx|b hb c‟omi|dkxonm-

Kb knmx|dx b{x rmb knmhoxonm mïkb{{do|b æ c‟omi|dkxonm {‟oc m‟ d vd{ dr hïvd|x rm knmx|dx cokoxb# oc mb vbrx  dyno| dlr{ hb knmiodmkb- Cb knmx|dx tro b{x bm cro' gàgb rm dkxb cokoxb m‟b{x vd{ rm yï|oxdlcb ïcïgbmx hb c‟omi|dkxonmCb knmx|dx b{x rmb knmhoxonm v|ïdcdlcb bx mïkb{{do|b h‟bzo{xbmkb hb c‟omi|dkxonm kd| c‟omi|dkxonm {b|d knm{nggïb mnm vd{ dr cobr hb in|gdxonm hr knmx|dx gdo{ dr cobr hb hïxnr|mbgbmx nr ho{{ovdxonm hb cd kjn{b- Kbcd hox trbccb b{x cd mdxr|b hr knmx|dx >

Oc {‟deox hb xnr{ cb{ knmx|dx{ bmx|domdmx rmb |bgo{b tro {nmx {r{kbvxolcb{ hb inmhb| c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb- Hbrz knmhoxonm{ {rl{o{xbmx æ {dyno| 0 Oc idrx rmb |bgo{b# bx oc idrx rmb nlcoedxonm hb

|b{xoxrxonm nr c‟nlcoedxonm hb ido|b rm r{deb hïxb|gomï hb cd kjn{b-

C‟d|xokcb 285 bzoeb trb c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb vn|xb {r| hb{ kjn{b{ ddmx rmb kb|xdomb ydcbr| knggb vnr| c‟b{k|ntrb|ob bx æ cd hoiiï|bmkb hr ync- Bm v|dxotrb hbrz kdxïen|ob{ hb{ kjn{b{ vbrybmx ido|b c‟nl`bx h‟rm dlr{ hb knmiodmkb 0 rm kb|xdom mngl|b h‟ïk|ox{ bx hb hnkrgbmx{ bx bm{roxb rmotrbgbmx cb{ gbrlcb{-

Vnr| cb{ oggbrlcb{ oc m‟d vd{ h‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb vn{{olcb# vd|kb tr‟nm b{xogb trb cb{ h|nox{ hb{ v|nv|oïxdo|b{ {nmx {riio{dggbmx v|nxïeï{-

Vnr| tr‟oc  dox dlr{ hb knmiodmkb# oc idrx x|no{ knmhoxonm{# h‟rmb vd|x rm hïxnr|mbgbmx nr ho{{ovdxonm# h‟drx|b vd|x rm v|ï`rhokb bx bmiom rmb omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b-

Cb{ hbrz xb|gb{ mb {nmx vd{ y|dogbmx {mnmgb{# cb hï xnr|mbgbmx b{x cb idox hb {‟dvv|nv|ob| bx

h‟rxoco{b| æ {nm v|nv|b v|niox rm nl`bx omhoyohrdco{ï- Cd ho{{ovdxonm bm |bydmkjb knmkb|mb rm lobm inmeolcb rm lobm tro {b knm{nggb vd| cb v|bgob| r{deb-

C‟d|xokcb 285 {dmkxonmmb cd ho{{ovdxonm bx cb hïxnr|mbgbmx knggo{ rm v|ï`rhokb hr v|nv|oïxdo|b# hr vn{{b{{br| nr hr hïxbmxbr| kb tro ybrx ho|b trb cd cno v|nxêeb kbcro tro d rm h|nox {r| cd kjn{b bx mnm

vd{ rmotrbgbmx rm h|nox hb v|nv|oïxï v|n v|oïxï *kbcd vbrx àx|b rm cnkdxdo|b# rm bgv|rmxbr|…/

4:

Cd  `r|o{v|rhbmkb knm{ohê|b trb c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb b{x |ïdco{ï hr {brc idox hr hïxnr|mbgbmx

omhïvbmhdggbmx hb {b{ {roxb{- Oc m‟b{x vd{ mïkb{{do|b trb {nm drxbr| {b {nox dvv|nv|oï cd kjn{b hïxnr|mï mo tr‟oc dox vr c‟rxoco{b| nr bm xo|b| rm v|niox trbcknmtrbCb hïxnr|mbgbmx m‟b{x vd{ cb vd{{deb h‟rm lobm hr vdx|ognomb hb cd yokxogb hdm{ kbcro hb c‟debmx gdo{ c‟dkxb i|drhrcbrz tro bgvàkjb|d cd yokxogb h‟bzb|kb| {b{ h|nox{ {r| cd kjn{b- Dom{o# cb v|ï`rhokb {ogvcbgbmx ïybmxrbc {b{ {riio{dmx hê{ cn|{ tr‟oc b{x {r{ kbvxolcb hb v|oyb| hb {b{ h|nox{ cb ¡ cb v|nv|oïxdo|b# cb vn{{b{{br| nr cb hïxbmxbr| ± hb cd kjn{b 1 k‟b{x'æ'ho|b xnrxb vb|{nmmb drx|b trb c‟drxbr| hr hïxnr|mbgbmx vnrydmx {b v|ïydcno| hr h|nox {r| cd kjn{b *bzbgvcb 0 Cb {dcd|oï knmeïhoï tro bgvn|xb hb{ hn krgbmx{ knggbx rm dlr{ hb knmiodmkb gàgb {‟oc m‟b{x vd{ ïxdlco tr‟oc{ nmx ïxï rxoco{ï{ vd| c‟bmx|bv|o{b knmkr||bmxb dr {b|yokb hb cdtrbccb c dtrbccb oc b{x bmx|ï /Nm vbrx hïiomo| c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb knggb c‟dkxb v|oydmx omxbmxonmmbccbgbmx cb xoxrcdo|b hb{ h|nox{ {r| rmb kjn{b hb cd vn{{olocoxï hb cb{ bzb|kb|-

C‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb b{x rm hïcox omxbmxonmmbc kb tro {rvvn{b trb c‟drxbr| hb c‟dlr{ {dydox tr‟oc m‟ïxdox trb hïxbmxbr| v|ïkdo|b {‟oc m‟b{x x|ngvï {r| cd mdxr|b hb {nm h|nox# oc m‟dr|d vd{ h‟omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b bx hnmk vd{ h‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkbBm biibx# {brcb c‟omxbmxonm vb |gbx hb hnmmb| rmb kncn|dxonm vïmdcb æ kb|xdom{ idox{ tro mb knm{xoxrb|dobmx {dm{ bccb trb c‟ombzïkrxonm hb c‟nlcoedxonm knmx|dkxrbccbBm v|omkovb# c‟omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b b{x cd knmmdo{{dmkb vd| cb v|ïybmr hr kd|dkxê|b v|ïkdo|b hb {d hïxbmxonm# hb {nm nlcoedxonm hb |b{xoxrb| nr hb c‟diibkxdxonm hïxb|gomïb hr lobm dom{o trb cd knm{kobmkb tr‟oc {‟deox bm knmx|dybmxonm hb kb{ ïcïgbmx{Hdm{ c‟dlr{ hb knmiodmkb# c‟ïcïgbmx gdxï|obc bx c‟ïcïgbmx omxbmxonmmbc {nmx ïx|noxbgbmx coï{# {brcb c‟omxbmxonm i|drhrcbr{b vb|gbx hb hnmmb| rmb kncn|dxonm vïmdcb drz idox{ gdxï|obc{ |bv|nkjï{ dr v|ïybmr# gdo{ cd v|bryb hb kbxxb omxbmxonm o mxbmxonm {b x|nryb ïxdlcob vd| cb{ idox{ brz 'gàgb{Cd |ïv|b{{onm hb c‟omi|dkxonm b{x v|ïyrb vd| cb{ d|xokcb{ 285 bx {roydmx{-

4?

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hnggdeb{- C‟omkbmhob b{x cb v|bgob| hb{ dkxb{ hb{x|rkxoi{ |ïv|ogï{ vd| cb knhb vïmdc-

KJDVOX\B O 0 C‟OMKBMHOB Oc b{x {dmkxonmmï vd| xnrxb rmb {ï|ob h‟d|xokcb{ *2:6 bx {roydmx{# 8;2# 965# 96:/- Kb{ xbzxb{ yo{bmx {nox c‟omkbmhob yncnmxdo|b {nox c‟om kbmhob omyncnmxdo|b nr dkkohbmxbc-

Cb{ ïcïgbmx{ knm{xoxrxoi{ hr k|ogb h‟omkbmhob yncnmxdo|b {nmx 0 

Rm dkxb gdxï|obc hb go{b æ ibr# gdo{ oc m‟b{x vd{ mïkb{{do|b trb c‟omkbmhob bm {nox |ï{rcxï# vro{trb {‟deo{{dmx h‟rm k|ogb # cd xbmxdxoyb b{x xnr`nr|{ vrmo{{dlcb-



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

h‟jdloxdxonm# tr‟oc{ dvvd|xobmmbmx nr m‟dvvd|xobmmbmx vd{ æ c‟drxbr| hr k|ogbC‟omxbmxonm k|ogombccb 0 oc idrx trb cb ibr dox ïxï go{ yncnmxdo|bgbmx bm k nmmdo{{dmkb hb kdr{bVbr ogvn|xb cb gnlocb tro dr|dox idox deo| c‟debmx-

C‟d|xokcb 2:4 d`nrxb æ cd co{xb hb c‟d|xokcb 2:6 cb{ oggbrlcb{ oggbrlcb{ vd| mdxr|b xbc{ trb cd in|àx# cb{ lno{… dom{o tr‟rm x|no{oêgb ïcïgbmx tro b{x c‟dl{bmkb nr mnm hr h|nox hb v|nv|oïxï tro omicrb {r| cd |ïv|b{{onmCd |ïv|b{{onm b{x v|ïyrb vd| cb{ d|xokcb{ 2:6 bx 2:4-

Kb{ omkbmhob{ omyncnmxdo|b{ {nmx kd|dkxï|o{ï{ vd| cb hïidrx hb c‟ïcïgbmx omxbmxonmmbc- Kb{ omi|dkxonm{ vbrybmx àx|b hïcokxrbccb{- C‟d|xokcb 965 {dmkxonmmb troknmtrb hïxb|gomb vd| gdcdh|b{{b# ogv|rhbmkb# omdxxbmxonm nr omnl{b|ydxonm hb{ |êecbgbmx{ c‟omkbmhob hb{ v|nv|oïxï{ gnlocoê|b{ nr

oggnlocoê|b{ h‟drx|roKb{ omi|dkxonm{ vbrybmx àx|b knmx|dybmxonmmbccb{# knggb k‟b{x cb kd{ hb c‟d|xokcb 96: dc-2 tro {dmkxonmmb kbrz tro kdr{bmx c‟omkbmhob hb{ v|nv|oïxï{ gnlocoê|b{ nr oggnlocoê|b{ h‟drx|ro {nox vd| cd yïxr{xï *cb gdmtrb h‟b mx|bxobm/ nr cb hïidrx hb |ïvd|dxonm nr hb mbxxndeb hb{ inr|{# kjbgomïb{# gdo{nm{ bx r{omb{# bxk- {nox vd| hb{ voêkb{ h‟d|xoiokb{ dc crgïb{ nr xo|ïb{ vd| mïecoebmkb nr ogv|rhbmkb-

<6

KJDVOX\B OO HB[X\RKXONM BX HNGGDEB[ VD\ HB[ GN_BM[ DRX\B[ TRB CB IBR

C‟d|xokcb 2?5 {dmkxonmmb troknmtrb hïyd{xb hb{ |ïkncxb{ {r| vobh nr hb{ vcdmxb{ ybmrb{ mdxr|bccbgbmx nr vd| cb x|dydoc hb c‟Jnggb-

Cb cïeo{cdxbr| bmxbmh v|nxïeb| cb{ cobrz hb c‟Bxdx bx hb{ knccbkxoyoxï{- Dom{o oc {dmkxonmmb xnrxb{ cb{

dxxbomxb{ drz gnmrgbmx{ nr drz nl`bx{ hb{xomï{ æ c‟b{xjïxotrb nr æ c‟rxocoxï vrlcotrb-

C‟d|xokcb 2?8 {dmkxonmmb cb{ drxbr|{ hb voccdeb{ nr hïyd{xdxonm{ hb hnmmïb{ knggo{ bm |ïrmonm nr ldmhb bx æ in|kb nryb|xb-

C‟d|xokcb 2?9 {dmkxonmmb troknmtrb æ c‟dohb h‟rm v|nhrox kn||n{oi nr vd| xnrx drx|b gnbm hïxï|on|b yncnmxdo|bgbmx hb{ gd|kjdmho{b{# gnxbr|{ nr om{x|rgbmx{ troknmtrb {b|ydmx æ cd idl|okdxonm-

C‟d|xokcb 96? vd|de|dvjb 8; v|ïynox rmb knmx|dybmxonm knmx|b kbcro tro `bxxb hb{ vob||b{ nr drx|b{ kn|v{ nr knmx|b cb{ gdo{nm{# ïhoiokb{# nr kcøxr|b{ h‟drx|ro nr hdm{ cb{ `d|hom{ nr bmkcn{…

D|xokcb{ 96<# 96;# 96?

<4

Xox|b < 0 Cb{ omi|dkxonm{ knmx|b cd yob jrgdomb [nr{'xox|b O cb{ v|omkovdcb{ omi|dkxonm{ knmx|b cb{ vb|{nmmb{ bx cd idgoccb Cd cno vïmdcb {dmkxonmmb xnrxb dxxbomxb æ c‟omxïe|oxï kn|vn|bccb hb cd vb|{nmmb jrgdomb bm v|nvn|xonmmdmx cd vbomb æ cd e|dyoxï hb kbxxb dxxbomxb

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