Laporan Praktikum Kristalisasi

LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM ILMU BAHAN KRISTALISASI

DISUSUN OLEH :  NAMA

: Rikhi Galatia

 NIM

: 011300355 011300355

TEMAN KERJA

: Doly Maului !"aa#a Rah$a%ati Rah$a%a ti &u#ita

!ROGRAM ST STUDI

: D' D'I( TEKNOKIMIA NUKLIR 

JURUSAN

: TEKNOKIMIA NUKLIR  

!EM)IM)ING

: I"* )a#+u# ,a-ito. M*S/*

SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI NUKLIR  BADAN TENAGA NUKLIR NASIONAL YOGYAKARTA 2015

KRISTALISASI I.

TUJUAN 1* M#+tahui "o-- $2#tuka# k"i-tal )aNO34 #+a# $to "k"i-tali-a-i* * M#+tahui #+a"uh -uhu t"haa $2#tuka# k"i-tal* 3* M##tuka# 6#i- k"i-tal ala$ )aNO34*

II.

DASAR TEORI K"i-tali-a-i aalah "i-ti%a $2#tuka# -uatu k"i-tal a"i -olut ala$ la"uta#

tol"a#-i#ya* K"i-tali-a-i aat t"6ai -2a+ai $2#tuka# a"tikl'a"tikl aat ala$ ua -"ti aa $2#tuka# -al6u -2a+ai $2kua# llha# /ai"* S2a+ai$a#a ala$ $2#tuka# k"i-tal a"i la"uta# /ai" atau $2#tuka# k"i-tal tu#++al ya#+ 2-a"* K"i-tali-a-i aat ilakuka# #+a# #i#+i#a#. #+uaa#. a#  #a$2aha# -ol7#t 2aha# ki$ia* K"i-tali-a-i aat $$i-ahka# -uatu /a$u"a# t"t#tu a"i la"uta# $ulti ko$o## -hi#++a iaat "ouk ala$ 2#tuk k"i-tal* K"i-tali-a-i aat 6u+a iakai -2a+ai -alah -atu /a"a $u"#ia# ka"#a l2ih ko#o$i-* !"o-- k"i-tali-a-i t"2a+i $#6ai: 1* M$2uat la"uta# -u"-atu"a-i l%at 6#uh4 * !$2uata# i#ti k"i-tal 3* !"tu$2uha# K"i-tal Rk"i-tali-a-i $"uaka# -alah -atu /a"a $u"#ia# 8at aat a"i /a$u"a#  aata##ya. i$a#a 8at'8at t"-2ut ila"utka# ala$ -uatu la"ut k$uia# ik"i-talka# k$2ali* !"i#-i#ya "o-- i#i $#+a/u aa "2aa# kla"uta# a#ta"a 8at ya#+ aka# i$u"#ika# #+a# kla"uta# 8at #/a$u"#ya* La"uta# 8at ya#+ ii#+i#ka# ila"utka# ala$ -uatu la"ut k$uia# ik"i-talka# k$2ali #+a# /a"a $#6#uhka##ya* U#tuk la"ut#ya ya#+ /o/ok aat iilih la"ut ya#+ titik iih#ya "#ah u#tuk aat $$"$uah "o-- #+"i#+a# k"i-tal ya#+ t"2#tuk k$uia# titik iih la"ut h#ak#ya l2ih "#ah a"iaa titik llh 8at aat ya#+ ila"utka# -uaya 8at ya#+ aka# iu"aika# tiak t"i-o-ia-i a# ya#+ ali#+ #ti#+ la"ut tiak   2"ak-i #+a# 8at ya#+ aka# ila"utka# 2i#"4. u#tuk l2ih u$u$#ya la"ut ha"uko#o$i- a# $uah iaat* Aau# -ya"at a"i "o-- "k"i-tali-a-i ia#ta"a#ya aalah : 1* !"2aa# kla"uta# /uku 6auh* * Suhu kla"uta# tiak t"lalu ti#++i* 3* A#ta"a 8at t"la"ut a# la"ut iu-ahaka# tiak 2"ak-i. ka"#a 6ika 2"ak-i $a-i#+'$a-i#+ ko$o## tiak aat ii-ahka#* 9* Gu#aka# la"ut #o#'ola"*

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•

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G"aka# a#ta"a "$ukaa# k"i-tal ya#+ "lati; l2ih k/il* Di#yataka# #+a#  "-a$aa# :

( )( ) (

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 N = a  L b ' ' C  c  P d

Di$a#a :  N

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L

: uku"a# k"i-tal i#uk $$4

><

: "a6at -u"-atu"a-i la"uta# $ol=lt4 atau o<4

!

: o%" a"i #+auk H4

a.2./.

: ko#-ta#ta'ko#-ta#ta

Jika : '

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 2a+ia# k/il a"i k"i-tal $#y2a2ka# t"2#tuk#ya i#ti k"i-tal* ' < ??? $aka 6u$lah k"i-tal ya#+ t"2#tuk 6u+a -$aki# 2a#yak* D"a6at -atu"a-i $aki# 2-a" $aka -$aki# 2-a" ula k$u#+ki#a# t"2#tuk i#ti '

k"i-tal 2a"u* ! ??? $aka +aya +-ka# a"tikl la"uta# 6u+a -$aki# 2-a" -hi#++a k$u#+ki#a# t"6ai#ya tu$2uka# a"tikl -$aki# 2-a". $aka i#ti k"i-tal ya#+ t"2#tuk 6u+a -$aki# 2-a" 6u$lah#ya* Dala$ "/o2aa#. Mi"- $$2uat la"uta# -u"-atu"a-i $lalui #i#+i#

-tlah $lalui ku"7a -atu"a-i A') -a$ai aa ko#i-i k"i-tali-a-i $ulai t"2#tuk  i#ti k"i-tal titik k @4* Ku"7a la"uta# $u"#i ua ko$o## ta#a ;i#+. a"ti#ya i#ti k"i-tal ya#+ t"2#tuk "i$a"y ho$o+# #ukli $ulai t"2#tuk #+a# t"2#tuk#ya

i#ti k"i-tal ya#+ -la#6ut#ya tu$2uh $aka ko#-#t"a-i -olut ala$ la"uta# aka# tu"u# a"i @ k G4* U#tuk 22"aa -i-t$ t"t#tu ya#+ 7i-ko-ita-#ya ti#++i. ku"7a "i$a"y ho$o+# #ukli tta 6#uh a"iaa ku"7a -atu"a-i* D#+a# kata lai# i"luka# ko#-#t"a-i l2ih ti#++i u#tuk $$2uat "i$a"y ho$o+# #ukla-i* Hal i#i -a#+at tiak ;i-i# -/a"a to"iti- a# ko#o$i* Ka"#a itu ala$ ko#i-i i#u-t"i ik#al -i-t$ -i#+ $2"ia# k"i-tal #ukli4* Nukla-i i#i i-2ut -/o#a"y #ukla-i* !#a$2aha# la"uta# -u"-atu"a-i $laui #i#+i#a# -tlah $lalui ku"7a -atu"a-i A)* !aa ko#-#t"a-i i#i i titik 2a"u aka# t"2#tuk i#ti k"i-tal* Ttai $#+i#+at ;i-i#-i -/a"a ko#o$i-. #a$2aha# k"i-tal aa -i-t$ i#i aka# $$"olh  #+h$ata#*

3* !"tu$2uha# K"i-tal U$u$#ya k"i-tal ya#+ 2"uku"a# ?100 k/ata# tu$2uh#ya tiak t"+a#tu#+ aa uku"a# a# aat i#yataka# #+a# :

(

)

r = a ' ' C  b

Di$a#a : "

: k/ata# tu$2uh#ya k"i-tal

>< : "a6at -atu"a-i $ol=L4 a.2 : ko#-ta#ta

D"a6at -atu"a-i o<4 $"uaka# ;akto" t"#ti#+ ala$ "o-- "tu$2uha# k"i-tal* La"uta# ya#+ 2""a6at -atu"a-i ti#++i. "2aa# ko#-#t"a-i a#ta"a  "$ukaa# k"i-tal #+a# "$ukaa# aka# ti#++i -hi#++a " a# >< 6u+a -$aki# ti#++i*

Ba#i'm Ni%#a% (Ba(NO)*2*

)a"iu$ Nit"at #+a# "u$u- ki$ia )aNO 34 $"uaka# +a"a$ ya#+ t"i"i a"i 2a"iu$ a# io# #it"at* )a"iu$ #it"at $"uaka# k"i-tal tiak 2"%a"#a. -ta2il. a# $uah la"ut* Tabe& 1. Ka#a+%e#i$%i+ Ba#i'm Ni%#a% P#,"e#%ie$ )aNO34 M,&e-'&a# ,#m'&a 1.33B +=$ol M,&a# ma$$ A""ea#a-e ,hit. lu-t"ou- /"y-tal-

O/,# De$i% Me&%ig ",i% S,&'bi&i% i a%e#

S,&'bi&i% Re#a-%ie i/e3 (D* 4#$%a& S%#'-%#'#

Oo"l-3.9 +=/$3 5Co< /o$4 9.C5 +=100 $L 0 o<4 10.5 +=100 $L 5 o<4 39.9 +=100 $L 100 o<4 I#-olu2l i# al/ohol 1.55C
S%#'+%'# +#i$%a& Ba(NO)*2

III.

1* * 3* 9* 5* * B* 1* * 3* I.

ALAT DAN BAHAN Alat ya#+ i+u#aka# aa "aktiku$ i#i aalah : Gla- 2k"  Mik"o-ko O7# )ata#+ #+auk  Ka/a Mik"o-ko S#ok -u#+u !it tt)aha# ya#+ i+u#aka# aa "aktiku$ i#i aalah : )aNO34 Aua-t Alkohol LANGKAH KERJA 1. )aNO34 iti$2a#+ -2a#yak 0.1 +"a$. k$uia# ila"utka# ala$ +la- 2k" 

#+a# 7olu$ la"ut aua-t4 -2a#yak 10 $L* 2. La"uta# ia$2il -2a#yak 5 $L* La"uta# k$uia# itt-i iata- ka/a $ik"o-ko -/uku#ya* La"uta# k$uia# ia#a-ka# -la$a 10 $#it #+a# 7a"ia-i -uhu.

yaitu Tka$a". T*30 0<. T*35 0<. T*90 0<. T950<. a# T*50 0<* K$uia# k"i-tal ilihat  "tu$2uha##ya $#++u#aka# $ik"o-ko*

.

DATA PENGAMATAN Ma--a )aNO34 0.1 +"a$ (olu$ la"uta# i#uk  10 $L a* Ta$2i#t

Pa/a mei% +e6107 103 8,,m

Pa/a mei% +e6197 103 8,,m

Pa/a mei% +e6257 103 8,,m

 2* T*300<

Pa/a mei% +e61

Pa/a mei% +e61 /i bagia "iggi# 0

/* T*35 <

Pa/a mei% +e610 0

* T*90 <

Pa/a mei% +e62:

Pa/a mei% +e61:

Pa/a mei% +e629

Pa/a mei% +e6)0

Pa/a mei% +e6;0

Pa/a mei% +e61<

Pa/a mei% +e620

0

* T*95 <

Pa/a mei% +e625

;*

Pa/a mei% +e62=

T*500<

Pa/a mei% +e615

Pa/a mei% +e62)

Pa/a mei% +e62<

Pa/a mei% +e6)2

Pa/a mei% +e6):

I.

Pa/a mei% +e6;0

PEMBAHASAN !"aktiku$ i#i 2"tu6ua# u#tuk $#+tahui "o-- k"i-tali-a-i. u#tuk $#+tahui

 #+a"uh -uhu t"haa k"i-tal )aNO 34  a# u#tuk $#+tahui 2#tuk a# uku"a# k"i-tal #+a# $ik"o-ko lkt"o#ik* K"i-tali-a-i $"uaka# "o-- $2#tuka# k"i-tal aat. 2aik a"i +a-. /ai"a# atau $olkul* !aa "/o2aa# i#i. "o-- k"i-tali-a-i ya#+ aka# ia$ati aalah k"i-tali-a-i )a"iu$ Nit"at )aNO344 ya#+ $"uaka# "o-- $2#tuka# k"i-tal  aat a"i /ai"a#* !"o-- k"i-tali-a-i aalah k2alika##ya "o-- kla"uta#* Jika "o- la"uta# t"6ai $a-- t"a#-;" a"i ;a-a aata# k ;a-a la"uta#. $aka ala$ "o-k"i-tali-a-i t"6ai $a-- t"a#-;" a"i ;a-a la"uta# k ;a-a aata# yaitu 2"i#ah#ya -olut a"i ;a-a la"uta# k ;a-a aata# "$ukaa# k"i-tal* U#tuk $#+a$ati "o- $2#tuka# k"i-tal a"i )aNO34 $aka "lu $$2alik kaaa# k"i-tal aata# )aNO34 $#6ai ;a-a la"uta# #+a# 6ala# la"uta#* !#+a$ata# $2#tuka# k"i-tal ilakuka# #+a# $la"utka# 0.1 +"a$  aata# )aNO34 #+a# /a"a $#a$2ahka# aua- -2a#yak 10 $L* la"uta# i#i k$uia# i2a+i $#6ai  2a+ia#. 5 $L u#tuk 7a"ia-i -uhu. a# 5 $L u#tuk 7a"ia-i ko#-#t"a-i* La"uta# 5 $L i#i k$uia# itt-ka# -/uku#ya iata- ka/a $ik"o-ko k$uia# i2ia"ka# -la$a 10 $#it aa -uhu "ua#+. -uhu 30 0<  50 0< #+a# -li-ih 50<* !$2#tuka# k"i-tal k$uia# ia$ati #+a# $ik"o-ko* !$a#a-a# i#i  2"tu6ua# u#tuk $$"/at t"/aai#ya ko#i-i $2#tuka# i#ti k"i-tal. ka"#a #+a# aa#ya $a#a-a#. $aka la"ut aka# $#+ua. -hi#++a i/aai kaaa#

l%at 6#uh* !$a#a-a# i#ilah ya#+ $#6ai "i7i#+ ;o"/ a"i "o-- k"i-tali-a-i aa  "aktiku$ i#i* )"a-a"ka# ha-il #+a$ata# aa -uhu ka$a". aa $#it k'10 2a"u t"2#tuk i#ti'i#ti k"i-tal#ya -a6a. hal i#i i-2a2ka# tiak aa#ya "lakua# $a#a-a# ya#+ 2";u#+-i u#tuk $$2uat la"uta# $#6ai /at $#/aai kaaa#l%at  6#uh#ya* !aa $#it k'1B k"i-tal $ulai t"2#tuk #+a# 2#tuk tt"a+o#al. -a#+ka# aa $#it k'5 aa 2a+ia# lai#. k"i-tal 6u+a t"2#tuk ttai k"i-tal  2"tu$uk'tu$uk 2o#+kaha# -4. hal i#i i-2a2ka# ka"#a -aat $#+ala$i  "tu$2uha# k"i-tal. la"uta# $#+ala$i kaaa# -u"-atu"at #+a# -a#+at /at. -hi#++a "tu$2uha# k"i-tal t"h#ti* !aa 7a"ia-i -uhu 300<. aa $#it k'1 #+a$ata#. k"i-tal -uah tu$2uh* Sa#+ka# aa 2a+ia# i#++i" la"uta#. k"i-tal +a+al t"2#tuk. hal i#i i-2a2ka# -aat aka# $#+ala$i "o-- "tu$2uha#. k"i-tal -uah $#+ala$i kaaa# l%at 6#uh -hi#++a la"uta# -uah $#+"i#+ t"l2ih ahulu -2lu$ t"2#tuk k"i-tal* !aa 7a"ia-i -uhu 35 0<. aa $#it k'10 k"i-tal tu$2uh -$u"#a. ttai aa  #+a$ata# $#it k' aa 2a+ia# lai# k"i-tal +a+al t"2#tuk. hal i#i ika"#aka# la"uta# -uah $#+"i#+ t"l2ih ahulu -2lu$ t"2#tuk k"i-tal. ika"#aka# tiak  "ata#ya t2al la"uta# aa ka/a $ik"o-ko* !aa 7a"ia-i -uhu 90 0<. k"i-tal $#+ala$i "tu$2uha# #+a# 2aik* !aa  #+a$ata# i o-i-i lai#. k"i-tal $#+ala$i #u$uka#. hal i#i iu+a ika"#aka# -aat t"6ai "tu$2uha#. la"uta# $#+ala$i #+uaa# -a#+at /at a# $#+"i#+* !aa 7a"ia-i -uhu 950<. k"i-tal 6u+a tu$2uh #+a# -a#+at /at a# l2ih  2-a" uku"a##ya* Ttai aa -i-i'-i-i i#++i" la"uta#. k"i-tal +a+al t"2#tuk* Sa#+ka# aa -uhu 50 0<. k"i-tal 6u+a t"2#tuk* E;k -uhu $a#a-a# tta aka#  2"#+a"uh t"haa 2a#yak#ya la"ut ya#+ iuaka# ka"#a t"7ao"a-i aki2at  $a#a-a#* )"a-a"ka# to"i. "lakua# $a#a-a# aka# $$"/at "o- "tu$u2ha# k"i-tal* !aa "aktiku$ i#i. "lakua# $a#a-a# $$"/at  "tu$2uha# k"i-tal. -hi#++a hal i#i --uai #+a# to"i ya#+ aa* II.

KESIMPULAN 1* K"i-tali-a-i $"uaka# "o-- $2#tuka# k"i-tal aat. 2aik a"i +a-. /ai"a# atau

$olkul* * !"o-- $a#a-a# $$#+a"uhi "/ata# "tu$2uha# k"i-tal* S$aki# ti#++i -uhu $a#a-a#. $aka "tu$2uha# k"i-tal aka# -$aki# /at* 3* Kt2ala# la"uta# aa ka/a $ik"o-ko 2"#+a"uh t"haa k2"ha-ila#  "tu$2uha# k"i-tal* Jika t2al la"uta# tii-. -aat ilakuka# $a#a-a# $aka la"uta#

$#+ala$i kaaa# l%at 6#uh -a#+at /at -2lu$ t"2#tuk#ya k"i-tal* Shi#++a k"i-tal aka# $#+ala$i k+a+ala# "tu$2uha#*

III. DA>TAR PUSTAKA A"-ya. M*N* 001* Kamus Kimia Arti dan Penjelasan Istilah* G"a$ia* Jaka"ta* )i". To#y* 1CFB* Kimia Fisika untuk Universitas* G"a$ia* Jaka"ta* K#a#. <*,* 1CCC* Kimia untuk UniversitasJilid 2* E"la#++a* Jaka"ta*  NN* 011* To"i Da-a" K"i-tali-a-i* Diak-- i htt:==-aku"a03*;il-*%o""--*/o$

 aa ta#++al 1F D-$2" 015*  NN* 015* Diak-- i htt:==-hi#ta"o*l/tu"*u2*a/*i aa ta#++al 1F D-$2" 015*

Y,ga+a#%a7 2< De$embe# 2015

!$2i$2i#+.

 

!"aktika#.

Rikhi Galatia I"* )a#+u# ,a-ito. M*S/