Definisi pangan fungsional

LEMBAR KERJA MAHASISWA 1 KONSEP DAN RUMUSAN PANGAN FUNGSIONAL

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Kelompok D THP-C 2014 Ari Syahwati Puji L.

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JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI HASIL PERTANIAN FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER  2016

A. De*i+i,i Pa+a+ u+,io+al Pa+a+ atau maka+a+ ya+ mempu+yai kemampua+ u+tuk mempe+aruhi  pro,e, *i,ioloi, ,ehi+a me+i+katka+ ke,ehata+ atau me+/eah timul+ya  pe+yakit. e+urut a,o,ia,i ahli ii amerika The American Dietic Association#  pa+a+ *u+,io+al a(alah ,era+kaia+ maka+a+ aik pro(uk ,ear (a+ utuh maupu+ pro(uk olaha+ ya+ (iperkaya (a+ (iti+katka+ mutu+ya ,ehi+a me+u+tu+ka+ ai ke,ehata+. Dewa+ 3+*orma,i aka+a+ 3+ter+a,io+al (a+ 3LS3

 International Life Sciences Institute# me+amahka+ ahwa ,i*at

me+u+tu+ka+ ai tuuh ter,eut (iluar *u+,i+ya ,eaai ,umer at ii (a,ar Silalahi 200'#. e,kipu+ (iharapka+ memerika+ e*ek me+i+katka+ ke,ehata+ maka+a+ *u+,io+al

ti(ak (apat (ikateorika+ ,eaai oat atau ,upleme+ maka+a+

kare+a me+urut Hariya+i 201)# maka+a+ *u+,io+al memiliki eerapa kriteria yaitu5 1. Haru, merupaka+ pro(uk pa+a+ uka+ ere+tuk kap,ul talet atau  uuk# ya+ era,al (ari aha+ alami. 2. Dapat (a+ layak (iko+,um,i ,eaai aia+ (ari (iet atau me+u ,eharihari. ). empu+yai *u+,i terte+tu pa(a ,aat (i/er+a ,erta (apat memerika+  pera+ (alam pro,e, tuuh terte+tu ,eperti5 memperkuat meka+i,me  pertaha+a+ tuuh me+/eah pe+yakit terte+tu mema+tu me+emalika+ ko+(i,i tuuh ,etelah ,akit terte+tu me+jaa ko+(i,i *i,ik (a+ me+tal ,erta memperlamat pro,e, pe+uaa+. 4. 6ela, ,i*at *i,ik (a+ kimia+ya ,erta kualita, (a+ jumlah+ya (a+ ama+ (iko+,um,i. 7. Ka+(u+a++ya ti(ak oleh me+uru+ka+ +ilai ii+ya. u+,i me+u+tu+ka+ ai tuuh pa(a pa+a+ *u+,io+al (ikare+aka+ a(a+ya ka+(u+a+ ioakti* pa(a maka+a+ *u+,io+al. Kompo+e+ ioakti* ter(iri (ari 2 je+i, yaitu at ii (a+ +o+-ii. 8at ii mi,al+ya protei+ a,am lemak 9itami+ (a+ mi+eral. Se(a+ka+

at

+o+-ii

mi,al+ya

olio,akari(a ,e+yawa *e+ol (a+ ,eaai+ya u/hta(i 2004#.

,erat

pa+a+

:. Supleme+ Pa+a+ Supleme+ maka+a+ a(alah pro(uk ya+ (imak,u(ka+ u+tuk mele+kapi keutuha+ at ii maka+a+ me+a+(u+ ,atu atau leih aha+ erupa 9itami+ mi+eral a,am ami+o atau aha+ lai+ era,al (ari tumuha+ atau uka+ tumuha+# ya+ mempu+yai +ilai ii (a+ atau e*ek *i,ioloi, (alam jumlah terko+,e+tra,i :P; 2004#. e+urut %S Dietary Suppleme+t Health a+( <(u/atio+ A/t DSHeo**rey P. ?e 200'# (e*i+i,i ,upleme+ maka+a+ ,e/ara umum yaitu5 a# Se,uatu ya+ (i ko+,um,i ,e/ara la+,u+ (alam (o,i, terte+tu (alam e+tuk pil kap,ul uuk atau /aira+. # Se,uatu ya+ (apat (itamahka+ ke (alam pola maka+ ya+ +ormal. /# Se,uatu ya+ (i+yataka+ (apat meme+aruhi ke,ehata+ pa(a lael kema,a maupu+ pa(a me(ia promo,i ,eperti ka+(u+a+ at ii at metaolit alami (a+ eerapa tamaha+ ya+ era,al (ari ek,trak tumuha+ maupu+ hewa+ ya+ me+a+(u+ u+,ur-u+,ur at ii.

C. ;at Heral

;at heral atau herbal medicine (i(e*i+i,ika+ ,eaai aha+ aku atau ,e(iaa+ ya+ era,al (ari tumuha+ ya+ memiliki e*ek terapi atau e*ek lai+ ya+  erma+*aat ai ke,ehata+ ma+u,ia= kompo,i,i+ya (apat erupa aha+ me+tah atau aha+ ya+ telah me+alami pro,e, leih la+jut ya+ era,al (ari ,atu je+i, tumuha+ atau leih. ?H; 2007= 2000#. Se(iaa+ heral (ipro(uk,i melalui  pro,e, ek,trak,i *rak,i+a,i puri*ika,i pemekata+ atau pro,e, *i,ika lai++ya= atau (ipro(uk,i melalui pro,e, ioloi. Se(iaa+ heral (apat (iko+,um,i ,e/ara la+,u+ atau (iu+aka+ ,eaai aha+ aku pro(uk heral. Pro(uk heral (apat  eri,i ek,ipie+ atau aha+ i+ert ,eaai tamaha+ aha+ akti* ?H; 2001= 2000#. e+urut ?H; 2007# oat heral merupaka+ oat ya+ aha+ aku+ya  era,al (ari ,atu ta+ama+ tau leih ya+ me+tah atau ya+ me+alami pro,e, terleih (ahulu ya+ memiliki e*ek erma+*aat ai ke,ehata+ ma+u,ia. ;at heral ter,ta+(art a(alah ,e(iaa+ oat heral eraha+ aku alami  aha+ aku+ya telah (i,ta+(ari,a,i (a+ telah a(a pemuktia+ keama+a+ (a+ kha,iat+ya ,e/ara ilmiah (e+a+ uji prakli+ik. %ji keama+a+ ya+ (ilakuka+  erupa uji tok,i,ita, akut uji tok,i,itak ,ukro+i, (a+ uji tok,i,ita, kro+i, @emire 200'#. ;at heral a(alah oat atau pe+oata+ ya+ memperu+aka+  aha+ ya+ era,al (ari ta+ama+ i,a erupa (au+ akar ta+kai uah iji-ijia+ ya+ me+a+(u+ aha+ kimia ya+ erkha,iat u+tuk pe+oata+ pe+yakit pa(a ma+u,ia ta+ama+ (a+ hewa+. Se(a+ka+ (e*i+i,i (ari pe+oata+ heral a(alah  pe+u+aa+

oat

u+tuk

me+ura+i

me+hila+ka+

pe+yakit

atau

me+yemuhka+ ,e,eora+ (ari pe+yakit (e+a+ me+u+aka+ aia+-aia+ (ari ta+ama+ ,eperti iji u+a (au+ ata+ (a+ akar ya+ kemu(ia+ (iolah me+ja(i ta+ama+ oat heral

D. Pe+ertia+ e(i/al oo(  Medical food   a(alah maka+a+ ya+ (i*ormula,ika+ (e+a+ pe+ye(iaa+ (uku+a+ ii u+tuk i+(i9i(u ya+ ti(ak (apat me+ko+,um,i maka+a+ (alam jumlah ya+ /ukup (a+ (alam e+tuk ia,a atau (e+a+ pe+ye(iaa+ (uku+a+ ii khu,u, ai pa,ie+ ya+ perlu keutuha+ *i,ioloi, (a+ ii ya+ khu,u, >oler 1&&4#.. e(i/al *oo( merupaka+ *ormula e+teral ya+ ia,a (i u+aka+

u+tuk maka+a+ pa,ie+ (a+ maka+a+ u+tuk mereka ya+ memiliki pe+yakit ya+ ti(ak ia,a.

e(i/al *oo( (ira+/a+ er*u+,i (e+a+ /ara memerika+

(uku+a+ +utri,i u+tuk i+(i9i(u ya+ ti(ak mampu u+tuk me+ela+ jumlah maka+a+ ya+ /ukup (alam e+tuk ko+9e+,io+al atau (e+a+ memerika+ (uku+a+ +utri,i terte+tu u+tuk pa,ie+ ya+ memiliki keutuha+ *i,ioloi, (a+ ii terte+tu. tera+tu+ pa(a ,tatu, ii pa,ie+ maka+a+ me(i, mu+ki+ aik  mele+kapi maka+a+ atau me+ja(i ,atu-,atu+ya ,umer +utri,i u+tuk waktu ya+ lama.

<. $utra/euti/al  $utra/euti/al pertama kali (i(e*i+i,ika+ pa(a tahu+ 1&"& oleh Stephe+ De eli/o ,eaai maka+a+ i+re(ie+t maka+a+ atau ,upleme+ maka+a+ ya+ memerika+ keu+tu+a+ pa(a ke,ehata+ terma,uk (ia+tara+ya me+/eah (a+ mema+ae pe+yakit (iluar *u+,i +utri,i (a,ar. $utra/euti/al a(alah ,e+yawa  ioakti* alami. $utra/euti/al ter(apat pa(a pro(uk-pro(uk alami (ari a# i+(u,try maka+a+= # ,upleme+ maka+a+ (a+ heral= )# i+(u,try *arma,i. Se+yawa,e+yawa ioakti* mi,alka+ terpe+oi( karote+oi( ,apo+i+ terpe+ toko*erol ,e+yawa phe+ol turua+ karohi(rat lemak (a+ a,am ami+o mikroia (a+ mi+eral terma,uk (alam +utra/euti/al Sharma 200&#. 3,tilah +utra/euti/al merupaka+ au+a+ (ari +utri,i (a+ *arma,i me+a/u pa(a a(a+ya ,uatu keyaki+a+ ahwa maka+a+ atau aia+ (ari maka+a+ memerika+ ma+*aat ai ke,ehata+ (a+ (apat (iu+aka+ ,eaai oat terma,uk ,eaai pe+/eaha+ terha(ap pe+yakit.

Health Ca+a(a telah memo(i*ika,i (e*i+i,i +utra/euti/al

me+ja(i5 BPro(uk ya+ (ipi,ahka+ atau (imur+ika+ (ari maka+a+ ya+ umum+ya (ijual (alam e+tuk oat ya+ ti(ak (imak,u(ka+ ,eaai maka+a+. $utra/euti/al (i+yataka+ memiliki ma+*aat *i,ioloi, atau memeri perli+(u+a+ terha(ap  pe+yakit kro+i,.

:er(a,arka+ literatur ter,eut kamu me+(i,ku,i ahwa pa+a+ *u+,io+al a(alah maka+a+ aik pro(uk ,ear (a+ utuh maupu+ olaha+ ya+ me+a+(u+ kompo+e+ ioakti* ya+ memerika+ ma+*aat po,iti* pa(a tuuh ya+ telah (iuji

,e/ara ilmiah (a+ (iko+,um,i ,etiap hari. Supleme+ pa+a+ a(alah pro(uk ya+ me+a+(u+ 1 je+i, at akti* ya+ terko+,e+tra,i ya+ er*u+,i u+tuk  me+i+katka+ (aya taha+ tuuh pa(a ,aat ko+(i,i terte+tu. ;at heral a(alah oat ya+ era,al (ari tumuha+ ya+ me+a+(u+ ,atu atau leih at akti* tetapi ti(ak terko+,e+tra,i ya+ (iu+aka+ u+tuk pe+yemuha+ ya+ (iuji ,e/ara kli+i,. e(i/al *oo( a(alah pro(uk ya+ (i(e,ai+ khu,u, u+tuk pa,ie+ ya+ mempu+yai  pe+yakit (ima+a (ia ti(ak (apat me+ko+,um,i maka+a+ ,e/ara +ormal.  $utra/euti/al a(alah pro(uk ,e(iaa+ (ari aha+ pa+a+ ya+ (apat memerika+ ma+*aat *i,ioloi, pa(a tuuh.

Per!"!!# $!# Per%e$!!# P!#&!# F'#&()#!l* S'+le"e# P!#&!#* O%!, Her%!l* N',r!-e',(-!l $!# Me$(-!l F))$

Pa+a+ *u+,io+al ,upleme+ pa+a+ oat heral +utra/euti/al memiliki  per,amaa+ yaitu ,ama-,ama me+a+(u+ ,e+yawa ioakti* ya+ memuat tuuh  era(a (alam ko+(i,i ,ehat. K!r!.,er(,(.

P!#&!# /'#&()#!l

 Nutraceutica l

Me$(-!l F))$

O%!, Her%!l

F))$ '+le"e#,

:aha+

:era,al (ari :era,al (ari :era,al (ari :era,al (ari :era,al (ari  aha+ pa+a+  aha+ pa+a+  aha+ pa+a+  aha+ alami  aha+ alami alami alami alami (a+ ,i+tetik 

Cara me+ko+,um, i

Diko+,um,i ,ehari-hari

:e+tuk

:aha+ ,ear  Kap,ul pil Kap,ul pil Kap,ul pil Kap,ul pil atau maka+a+ talet ek,trak  talet ek,trak  talet ek,trak  talet olaha+ ek,trak ko+,e+trat

Pe+ujia+

Teruji ,e/ara Teruji ,e/ara Teruji ,e/ara <*ek

Diko+,um,i  er,ama (e+a+  pa+a+ *u+,io+al ,eaai  pe+(ampi+#

Diko+,um,i ketika tuuh memutuhka + a,upa+ +utri,i khu,u,

Diko+,um,i ketika tuuh (alam ko+(i,i ,akit aik   ,e/ara oral maupu+ topikal

Diko+,um,i ,aat ko+(i,i terte+tu me+jela+ ,akit (a+ ,etelah ,akit#

Kha,iat+ya

ilmiah

kli+i, ,i*at kli+i, e*ek  *u+,io+al+y *u+,io+al+y ,ehat+ya a perlu (iuji a ,e(a+ka+ e*ek+ya ti(ak 

ti(ak perlu (iujika+ ,e/ara kli+i,

Kompo+e+ at akti* 

:i,a Kompo+e+ Kompo+e+ me+a+(u+ at akti*+ya khu,u, ya+ 1 atau leih telah (ii,ola,i telah (ii,ola,i at akti*   tetapi ti(ak  terko+,e+tra,i

:i,a me+a+(u+ 1 atau leih at akti*   tetapi ti(ak  terko+,e+tra,i

u+,i

e+jaa (a+ me+(uku+ *u+,i *i,ioloi, tuuh

emeri e*ek  e+/eah ,emuh ai  pe+yakit (a+ tuuh memper/epat kemali+ya *u+,i tuuh ,e/ara +ormal

emeri e*ek  ,ehat (a+ me+/eah  pe+yakit

Seaai  pe+oata+ meme+uhi +utri,i khu,u,

e+a+(u+ at akti*   tetapi terko+,e+tra, i

D!/,!r P',!.!

:P;. 2004. Informatorium Obat Nasional Indonesia. 6akarta5 :a(a+ Pe+awa, ;at (a+ aka+a+ @epulik 3+(o+e,ia. Ditje+ P;. 2007. Pedoman cara Pembuatan Obat Tradisional yang Baik Lampira+ Peratura+ Kepala :a(a+ Pe+awa,a+ ;at (a+ aka+a+ @3.  $omor 5HK.00.07.4.1)"0. >ol(er

3.

1&&4.  !unctional

!oods

"Designer

!oods#

Pharmafoods#

 Nutraceuticals$. aryla+(5 A,pe+ Puli,her. Hariya+i <. 201).  Pangan %s Pangan !ungsional . :alai :e,ar Pelatiha+ Perta+ia+ Lema+. u/hta(i D. 2004.  &om'onen Bioaktif Dalam Pangan !ungsional . ajalah >imi+(o 9ol )5!.  $o,tro A >erma+o P A+elo  ari+o A Ca++atelli A.2000.  ()traction methods and Bioautogra'hy for e%aluation of medicinal 'lant antimicrobial  acti%ity Letter, i+ Applie( i/roioloy. )0*+,-.+/ @emire D.

200'

0'date in 're.clinical

regulatory re1uirements for 

 'hytomedicines in Latin America 6 Compl 3+t e(. ) 1#5 Arti/le )#. Sharma @. 200&. Nutraceuticals And Nutraceutical Su''lementation 2riteria In 2ancer* A Literature Sur%ey. The ;pe+ $utra/euti/al, jour+al 25 &2-10'. Silalahi 6. 200'. Makanan !ungsional . 6ojakarta5 Ka+i,iu,. ?e P >eo**rey. 200'. Dietary Su''lement and !unctional !oods :la/kwell Puli,hi+ Lt(.