Chapter II Review and Related Literature This chapter focuses on information and related study, used to help proponents to find some important information that
is
ass associated
as
rel relevant
to
the
system tem
being
proposed.
Foreign Literature The The
info inform rmat atio ion n
belo below w
are are
the the
fore foreig ign n
lite litera ratu ture re
gathered by the researchers. In level level
this this
study study
percep perceptio tions ns
the author authors s
of
descri describe be
the instit instituti utionon-
stakeh stakeholde olders rs transit transition ioning ing to
a
new
learning management system (LM!. "e address issues related to
cha change,
tran transi siti tion on
the
institution#s
proc proces ess, s,
prob proble lems ms
administration
enco encoun unter tered ed, ,
of
and and
the
real reali$ i$ed ed
learning via online survey data collection, analysis, and inte interp rpre reta tatio tion. n. surv survey ey, ,
whic which h
"e
furth further er
soug sought ht
e%perience.
The
inst instit itut utio ions ns
as
to
deta detail il
illu illumi mina nate te
summati ation they they
resu result lts s
prep prepar are e
the the
includes for, for,
foreseeable LM change and transition.
of LM LM
a
facu facult lty y
tran transi siti tion on
suggestions and and
move move
for
thro throug ugh, h,
&merging
'in
the
mid-))*s.
.
.
Management
systems
have evolved from somewhat basic collections of disparate applications into intricate, integrated enterprise systems+ (Leslie, **, p. !. lias and /ain 0ddin (**1! defined a learning management system (LM! as 'a software application or "eb-based technology used to plan, implement, and assess a specific learning process+ (p. 2!. Mohawk 3ollege (**)! suggested
an 'L.M..
accessible and
platform
management
of
can for
be broadly the
described
4anytime#
education
and
as a
delivery,
training.
web-
tracking
L.M.s
are
essentially software running on dedicated hardware+ (p. 1!. ome
LMs
changed
are
now
since
the
over
twenty
first
LM
years
old,
and
on
the
arrived
much
has
distance
education scene in the mid-))*s.
5ver a period of * years a great deal of change and research has unfolded in all areas of distance education. Turner
(*!
concluding
completed
that
a
distance
meta-analysis education
of
6)1
research
studies,
fits
'into
three main categories7 (! macro level research focusing on distance research
education
systems
focusing
organi$ation8
and
on (!
and
theories8
management,
micro
level
(!
meso
level
technology,
and
research
focusing
on
teaching and learning in distance education+ (p. 9!. 5ur
ob:ective herein was to add to the macro and meso level by e%amining online instructor perceptions of our institutionlevel
change
("eb3T;
we
of
3& to
undertook
literature
that
a
a
would
learning
management
system
not
only
design meet
and
our
To
review
needs
but
do of
also
frame our study.
http7;;www.irrodl.org;inde%.php;irrodl;article;view; 6;*=2
Local Literature
The
information
below
are
the
local
literature
gathered by the researchers. &-learning
in
the
>hilippines
ffordable,
?igh-@uality,
and
through
the
3ustom-Aesigned
0se
of
Aevelopment
Tools (nne Margrette @. 3accam, &mmanuel
>.
Banice
M.
Mabeth
M.
ucyutan of dvanced cience D Technology Institute!
The
nd
Eational
&-learning
3onference
defines
e-
learning as7 'technologically-supported learning, which includes the use of
electronic
computers,
media
phone
such
bridging,
teleconferencing,
as
the
audio
atellite
Internet,
and
personal
videotape,
broadcast,
mobile
video phones,
personal digital assistants, and other related technologies to
enhance
teaching
and
learning.+
ince the start of rapid advances in technology, the need to
integrate
industry need,
technological
has
been
concept
learning
of
stands
associating
recogni$ed.
In
e-learning
has
for
the
knowledge
order been
4electronic
utili$ation
of
in to
education address
and this
established.
learning
electronic
that
&is,
materials
to
learning. Today, the term eLearning has captured a wider scope from the use of >ersonal 3omputers and the Internet to the utili$ation of more advanced applications, as well as
devices
or
tools
for
more
learning. 3urrently, the local
effective
teaching
academe and industry
and have
incorporated eLearning but most of them are confined to the Internet or are web-based. There is only a small number of Filipinos who have an Internet connection and can avail of its services. The dvanced cience D Technology Institute is
the
research
and
development
organi$ation
of
the
>hilippine
government,
under
the Aepartment of cience D
Technology (A5T! that is mandated to pursue GDA advanced
fields
3ommunication
of
Microelectronics
Technologies
(I3T!.
and
The
in the
Information
Mobile
and
ystems
D
pplications Croup (MC! is one of the technical teams in TI
whose
knowledge
mission and
is
to
skills
acHuire,
pertaining
promote, to
and
wireless
transfer mobile
technologies. The MC aims to contribute to the field of e-learning
by
supporting
the
concept
of
integrating
e-
learning in education and industry. >art of its plan is to encourage
collaborative
efforts
in
developing
strategies
and distributing e-learning tools.
http7;;bl9.bayanihan.gov.ph;downloads;&learning*in *the*>hilippines*through*the*0se*of *ffordable,*?igh-@uality,*and*3ustom-Aesigned *Aevelopment*Tools.pdf
Foreign Study The information below are the foreign study gathered by the researchers.
tarting
from
the
general
definition
that
globali$ation is the process of interactions increased at the global level, and of a higher interdependence at the economic,
social,
ecological,
etc.
technological, levels,
and
cultural,
sharing
the
political, idea
that
globali$ation also refers to the diminishing of distances through technology, language and cultural differences, or to solving some global problems, this work tries to discuss the
influence
of
globali$ation
upon
intercultural
manifestations, upon national and ethnical identities. The evolution of society, namely the Gomanian society imposed specific
changes
in
the
school
curricula,
and
also
the
short and long term strategies. The focus is moving from traditional learning to the creative, innovative and active learning. The curriculum reHuires a fle%ible inter, multi and trans-disciplinary approach. The
traditional teaching
paradigm is changing to keep pace with the increase in nontraditional result
students
school
in
and
Gomania,
high-schools,
colleges
more
&ducation
distance
and more on e-learning.
and
the
changing
education
workforce.
s
a
at
superior
levels,
universities
continue
to
courses,
education
focusing
add more
ma:or tool in the use of educational technology in a creative and innovative manner is the creation of a virtual campus that implements a Learning Management ystem (LM! like
"eb3T, EC&L
or Moodle.
The
aim
of the
hybrid campus is to7 increase
•
individual oral proficiencies
outside of the classroom provide
•
grammar pattern
drills and an
individual learning environment provide
•
a
less
intimidating
learning
environment GeHuire the students to be on task and
•
to be responsible for their progress.
Thus, Learning Management ystems have the potential to turn the conventional classroom format into a hybrid or blended
course format that
interaction among students
allows for both
collaborative
(synchronous and
asynchronous!
and an individual based learning model with self-contained study phases. In addition, they provide a set of tools that support an inHuiry- and discovery-based approach to online learning. http7;;www.forumdeutsch.com
Local Study
The
information
below
are
the
local
literature
gathered by the researchers.
tudy on e-Learning for >hilippines Filipino culture places a high value on education. For the ma:ority of the Filipinos, the only best thing for a child
to
acHuire
and
secure
a
better
future
is
through
education. o, they want more effective education system. &-Learning is still an emerging market in the >hilippines. Its use is still sporadic and most users represent only a small
segment
of
the
>hilippines
education
and
business
communities. The study wants to correct analysis and right direction
presentation
for
>hilippine
remote
education
environment.
Jasarinlan7 >hilippine Bournal of Third "orld tudies ny attempt to institutionali$e e-learning will prove futile
without
first
attaining
its
vital
reHuisites.
n
initial assessment of the >hilippines# e-learning stature both
depicts
a
glooming
and
changing
scenario.
Three
crucial domains need further reinvigoration7 technology and infrastructure,
educational
standards
and
literacy,
and
government-private sector teamwork. ccess to phone lines, computers and the internet cannot substitute to the greater need
to
develop
the
students.
&-learning
analytical
thinking.
academic
well-being
reHuires Gaising
of
higher-order
the
Huality
of
Filipino
skills training
and of
teachers and students is a must to ma%imi$e the promises of Internet technology. The apparent lackluster performance of the Aepartment of &ducation (Aep&d! in providing the basic needs
of primary
and
secondary
high schools
and
the
low
standard of education seems to be steps backward to this end. &mphasis should be given on raising students# &nglish language sector
proficiency
cannot
carry
society
alone.
The
private
sector
in
and the
4digital burden
government#s programs
of
fluency#. forming
The
an
collaboration
such
as
public
e-learning with
>G&CIE&T,
the
Fit-&d
programs and the TI- and >LAT-sponsored pro:ect testifies to this truth. http7;;:ournals.upd.edu.ph;inde%.php;kasarinlan;articl e;viewrticle;61)
Synthesis
ccording to the study of Aave &. Marcial, &A030& use
a
survey
Huestionnaire
to
gather
data.
The
study
reveals that the level of prioriti$ation of teaching and learning
with
technology
in
?&Is
in
the
>hilippines
is
high. ccording to lias and /ain 0ddin (**1!, Learning Management ystem is 'a software application or web-based technology
used
to
plan,
implement
and
assess
specific
learning process. nd Learning management systems such as Moodle are seen as key strategies to enable education which prepares students for a challenging future. The researchers believe that the related studies and literature in this research is related on their proposed system which is the 5nline Learning Management ystem. The researchers relate and differentiate the research of other 5nline Learning Management ystem.
