British Standard I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
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BRITISH STANDARD
Specification for
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
Two-part polysulphide-based sealants
UDC 691.587:678.046.73
BS 4254:1983
BS 4254 4254:19 :1983 83
Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Buildings Standards Committee (ECB/-) to Technical Committee ECB/3 upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Window Association British Adhesive Manufacturers’ Association British Association of Synthetic Rubber Manufacturers British Rubber Manufacturers’ Association British Tar Industry Association British Woodworking Federation I S Canadian Government Specifications Board B ) Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment, Princes c ( Risborough Laboratory) , y p Flat Glass Manufacturers’ Association o Glass and Glazing Federation C d Greater London Council e l l Institute of Housing o r t n Institution of Civil Engineers o c Refined Bitumen Association Ltd n U Royal Institute of British Architects , 4 Sealant Manufacturers Conference 0 0 Society of Architectural and Associated Technicians 2 h Society of Chemical Industry c r a The following bodies were also represented in the drafting of the standard, M through subcommittees and panels: 0 2 , British Board of Agrément h g u National Federation of Building Trades Employers o r Coopted members o b h g This British Standard, having u o been prepared under the L direction direction of the Elements Elements and f Components (of Diverse o Materials) for Buildings y Materials) t i Standards Committee was s published under the authority r e of the Board of BSI BSI and comes v into i into effect effect on n 30 Septem September ber 1983 1983 U , r 02-1999 9 z © BSI 02-199 Amendments issued since publication v c o First published published December 1967 Amd. No. Date of issue Comments b l First revision revision September 1983 r z 5023 December 1985 Indicated by a sideline in the margin v c The following BSI references o b relate to the work on this l : standard: y Committee reference ECB/3 p o Draft for comment 80/15410 DC C d e s ISBN 0 580 13430 X n e c i L
BS 4254:1 4254:198 983 3
Contents
Committees responsible Foreword
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Page Inside front cover ii
Scope Definitions General Rheol heolog ogic ical al prop ropert erties ies Plastic deformation (recovery) Adhe Adhesi sion on and and tens tensil ile e mo modu dulu luss Application life Adhesion in peel Loss Loss of mass mass afte afterr heat heat agei ageing ng Staining Marki arking ng and and packa ackagi ging ng
1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Appendix A Test for rheological properties properties Appendix B Test for plastic deformation deformation (recovery) Appendix C Test for adhesion and tensile modulus Appendix D Test for application application life Appendix E Test for adhesion in peel Appendix F Test for loss of mass after heat ageing Appendix G Test for staining
3 4 4 8 8 9 11
Figure 1 — Typical assemblies used in the adhesion and tensile modulus test Figure 2 — Assembly holding device for the cyclic test Figure 3 — Diagram showing arrangement of test strips for the adhesion in peel test Table 1 — Tests for sealants Publications referred to
© BSI 02-1999
6 7 10 1
Inside back cover
i
BS 4254 4254:19 :1983 83
Foreword This revision of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Elements and Components (of Diverse Materials) for Building Standards Committee. It covers products intended for use in normal atmospheric environments in buildings in the UK. This standard supersedes BS 4254:1967, which is withdrawn.
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c ii i L
If it is desired to use a two-part polysulphide-based sealant in situations other than those specified in clause 1, products complying with this standard may still be suitable but in each case the manufacturer will need to be consulted to verify this fact. Such verification may necessitate testing in accordance with this standard but using the actual intended building material in place of the substrate materials specified in C.2. C.2. It may also necessitate special performance considerations and tests; for instance, if it is intended to use the product in the walls of a reservoir, both the ability of the product to perform in such a sub-aqueous situation and the effect on the contained liquid (e.g. the potability of drinking water) will need to be ascertained. The following are the principal changes made in this revision of this standard. a) In the rheological test the maximum permissible slump for gun grade sealants sealants has has been been increased increased to 1 mm. b) In the adhesion and tensile modulus test the preparation of the test assemblies has been brought into line with other sealant standards. The size of the cement mortar blocks has been changed and stainless steel has been deleted from the list of test surfaces. c) The test for loss of mass after heat ageing has been brought into line with other sealant standards. A British Standard does not purport purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i an d ii, pages pages 1 to 12, an inside back back cover cover and a back back cover. cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front front cover. cover. © BSI 02-1999
BS 4254:1 4254:198 983 3
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
1 Scope
3 General
This British Standard specifies the requirements for two grades of two-part polysulphide-based sealant for use in general building applications, namely pouring grade (see 2.2.1) 2.2.1) and gun grade (see 2.2.2). 2.2.2). Pouring grade sealants are intended for use in horizontal joints whilst gun grade sealants are intended for use in vertical and inclined joints, e.g. glazing applications. Both grades of sealant are intended to perform satisfactorily in the normal range of atmospheric temperature and humidity levels found in the UK and with the types of substrate represented by the test surfaces specified in C.2. C.2.
3.1 Type tests shall be carried out, as given in Table 1, to prove the composition and properties of sealants and shall be repeated whenever there is a change in the composition of the sealant or a change in the manufacturing process.
NOTE 1 Primer systems systems are recomme recommended nded for for use with with certain certain two-part polysulphide-based sealants. The test requirements in this standard take account of such systems (see 3.3). 3.3). NOTE 2 The titles titles of the publication publicationss referred referred to to in this this standard are listed on the inside back cover.
2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply.
3.2 All 3.2 All tests shall be carried out on sealant mixed from components obtained from previously unopened containers. The components shall be capable of being readily mixed to form a sealant complying with this standard at any time up to the expiry date [see clause 11 e)], when stored under the conditions stated on the package. NOTE For the the purpose purpose of laborat laboratory ory testing testing the the proportion proportion by mass of the curing component to be mixed with the base component should be specified by the manufacturer on request. The permissible deviation from this proportion by mass should also be specified by the manufacturer and under no circumstances should this deviation be exceeded.
3.3 Where a particular primer is recommended by a manufacturer for a specific surface, that test surface shall be treated with the primer following the manufacturer’s instructions.
2.1 two-part polysulphide-based sealant
NOTE Attention Attention is drawn drawn to to the expiry expiry date date on any primer that is used.
a sealant consisting of two components, essentially a component containing polysulphide polymer and a separate component containing the curing agent, which are mixed together before application and cure at ambient temperature to form a rubber-like solid
4 Rheological properties
2.2 Grades of sealant 2.2.1 pouring grade a sealant which flows sufficiently to give a reasonably smooth level surface when applied in a horizontal upward-facing joint at ambient temperatures 2.2.2 gun grade a sealant which permits application in a suitable joint of any aspect or inclination without appreciable slumping at ambient temperatures NOTE Gun grade grade sealant sealantss may be applied applied by various various means, e.g. trowel.
2.3 application life the time after mixing during which the sealant may be easily applied and readily adheres to a substrate
4.1 Pouring grade sealants. When sealants. When tested as described in Appendix A the sealant shall exhibit a smooth, level surface. 4.2 Gun grade sealants. When sealants. When tested as described in Appendix A the sealant shall not slump in vertical vertical displac displacement ement by by more than 1.0 mm when tested in a vertical position and shall not protrude in front of the original profile when tested in a horizontal position. Table 1 — Tests for sealants Test
Appendix reference for tests
Rheological properties
4
Appendix A
Plastic deformation (recovery)
5
Appendix B
Adhesion and tensile modulus
6
Appendix C
Application life
7
Appendix D
Adhesion in peel
8
Appendix E
Loss of mass after heat ageing
9
Appendix F
10
Appendix G
Staining
© BSI 02-1999
Clause reference for requirement
1
BS 4254 4254:19 :1983 83
5 Plastic deformation (recovery) When tested as described in Appendix B the sealant shall have a plastic deformation not greater than 25 %.
6 Adhesion and tensile modulus 6.1 General. Before General. Before each of the tests for adhesion and tensile modulus, described in Appendix C, the following shall be carried out. a) For the tests described in C.6.2 to C.6.2 to C.6.5, C.6.5, three assemblies shall be made for each type of test surface. For the test described in C.6.6, C.6.6, three assemblies consisting of one aluminium test surface and one glass surface shall be made.
If not more than one strip of backing material on a test surface surface fails fails in adhesion adhesion over over more more than 25 % of the test area a second test shall be permitted. However, if any strip fails this test the sealant shall be deemed not to comply with this standard.
9 Loss of mass after heat ageing When the sealant is tested as described in Appendix F the loss of mass shall not exceed 12 %, for pouring pouring grade grade sealants, sealants, or 6 %, for gun grade grade sealants.
If one specimen fails the test, a second test shall be I permitted. However, if any specimen fails this test S the sealant shall be deemed not to comply with this B ) standard. c b) The assemblies shall be subjected to the ( , appropriate tests described in Appendix C. y 10 Staining p c) The following acceptance criteria shall apply. o When tested as described in Appendix G the sealant C 1) If all three assemblies pass the test the shall produce no staining on the primed or d e sealant shall be accepted. unprimed surfaces of the test mortar. l l o 2) If two assemblies fail the test the sealant r t 11 Marking and packaging n shall be rejected. o c 3) If one assembly fails the test, a) and b) shall Each package containing the components of the n be repeated using a second set of assemblies. If sealant shall be marked with the following U , all three of these assemblies pass the second particulars: 4 0 test, the sealant shall be accepted. However, if a) the name or identification mark of the 0 any assembly fails this test the sealant shall be 2 manufacturer; h rejected. c b) the number of this British Standard, r Testing. When an assembly is tested in a 6.2 Testing. When i.e. i.e. BS 4254 42541); Maccordance with C.6.2, C.6.2, C.6.3, C.6.3, C.6.4 and C.6.4 and C.6.6 the C.6.6 the c) the grade of sealant and the type of component, 0 total area (length × depth) of failure shall not 2 i.e. whether whether base or curing agent; agent; exceed ed 100 100 mm2 and the force required to produce , exce h d) the nominal volume of the mixed materials; extension n shall be not less less than than 25 N nor more more g the extensio u than 270 N. When When an assembly assembly is tested tested as as e) the expiry expiry date, i.e. the date before before which the o r described in C.6.5, C.6.5 , the total area (length × depth) of materials shall be used; o b failur failure e shall shall not excee exceed d 100 mm2. f) the manufacturer’s batch number; h g u g) the storage temperature range; o 7 Application life L h) mixing instructions; f When tested as described in Appendix D the sealant o i) the application life. shall have have an applicat application ion life life of not less than than 2 h. y t i j) details of any primer system, where s r appropriate. e 8 Adhesion in peel v i Mixing instructions shall be supplied with the n When the sealant is tested as described in package. U Appendix E the average peel strength strength of four strips , r z of backing material for each of the test surfaces shall v be not less less than than 25 N and the the material material shall shall not fail c o in adhesion adhesion over over more than 25 % of the test test area. area. b l r z v c o b l : y 1) Marking BS 4254 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer manufacturer that the product has been manufactured in p o accordance with the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturer’s Cresponsibility. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification should be addressed to the appropriate certification d body. e s n e © BSI 02-1999 c 2 i L
BS 4254:1 4254:198 983 3
Appendix A Test Test for rheological rheological properties A.1 Apparatus A.1.1 Cylindrical container, container, 65 mm in in diame diameter ter and approx approxima imatel tely y 50 mm high. high. A.1.2 Containers, Containers, for storing components and sealant. A.1.3 Enclosure, Enclosure, main mainta tain ined ed at 25 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 5 % r.h r.h.. r. r.h. I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
A.1.4 Two enclosures, enclosures , with one maintained at 5 ± 2 °C and and the the othe otherr at at 35 ± 2 °C, °C, eac each h wit with ha rail for suspending the channel. A.1.5 Power A.1.5 Power stirrer, stirrer, or spatula. A.1.6 Metal channel, channel , with with inside inside dimen dimensio sions ns 20 mm wide wide by by 12 mm deep deep by by approx approxima imatel tely y 150 mm long, closed at both ends. This is used for the testing of pouring grade sealants. NOTE It is advantageou advantageouss to use metal metal channel channel assemblies assemblies made in pressed blanks as these are disposable items.
A.1.7 Four aluminium alloy channels, channels, of rectangular cross section and inside dimensi nsions of 200 mm × 25 mm × 12 mm, open ended, ended, with with a transver transverse se V-notch V-notch 0.5 mm wide × 1.0 mm deep deep at at the the mid-poin mid-pointt of the exposed exposed face of each side wall. These are used for the testing of gun grade sealants. A.1.8 Pallet A.1.8 Pallet knife A.2 Pouring grade sealants A.2.1 Conditioning and mixing . Condition suitable quantities of base component and curing component in closed containers ( A.1.2) A.1.2) for for at least least 16 h in an enclosure ( A.1.4) A.1.4) at at 5 ± 2 °C. °C. Con Condi diti tion on the the met metal al channel ( A.1.6) A.1.6) in the same enclosure for not less than 1 h. Mix appropriate amounts of the conditioned components in a clean cylindrical container ( A.1.1), A.1.1), either either by hand for 10 min, using using a spatula, spatula, or by using a power stirrer ( A.1.5) A.1.5) until uniform mixing is achieved, the speed of rotatation being such that the minimum amount of air is entrained in the mixed sealant. Store Store the mixed mixed sealant sealant in the the enclosure enclosure for 30 min. A.2.2 Procedure A.2.2 Procedure.. Pour the mixed sealant into the conditioned channel, held horizontally in the A.1.4) at 5 ± 2 °C. enclosure ( A.1.4) °C. Mai Maint ntai ain n at this this temperatur temperature e for 24 h, then examine examine the sealant. sealant. A.3 Gun grade sealants
Mix appropriate amounts of the conditioned components in a clean cylindrical container ( A.1.1), A.1.1), either either by hand for 10 min, using using a spatula, spatula, or by using a powered stirrer until uniform mixing is achieved, the speed of rotation being such that the minimum amount of air is entrained in the mixed sealant. A.3.2 Procedure A.3.2.1 Immediately after mixing . Fill the sealant into the conditioned channels immediately after mixing and strike off the surplus with the smallest possible number of strokes of a pallet knife. Carry out the tests given in a) and b) with two separate conditioned channels, in the enclosures ( A.1.4), A.1.4), main mainta tain ined ed at 5 ± 2 °C and and 35 ± 2 °C resp respec ecti tive vely ly.. Proceed as follows. a) Testing with the channel held vertically. vertically . Draw a knife blade along the two V-notches in the aluminium channel, producing a transverse mark across the face of the sealant, and immediately suspend the channel in the test enclosure with its longitudinal axis vertical for 24 h or other specified specified period. period. Measure the slump to the nearest millimetre by measuring the vertical distance between the V-notches on the sides of the aluminium channel and the lowest point to which the transverse mark on the surface of the specimen has slumped. b) Testing with the channel held horizontally. horizontally . Place the channel with its longitudinal axis horizontal and its open side vertical in the test enclosure enclosure for for 24 h or other other specified specified period. period. Measure the amount in millimetres by which the sealant protrudes in front of its original profile. A.3.2.2 1 h after mixing . Repeat the procedure given in A.3.2.1 in A.3.2.1 1 h after after mixing. mixing. A.4 Test report. report. The following details shall be recorded. a) For the vertical channels: 1) the slump value, to the nearest millimetre, i.e. the vertical distance by which which the reference mark on the sealant has slumped; 2) whether any sealant has become b ecome detached or has slipped from the channel. b) For the horizontal channels: the channels: the distance, to the nearest millimetre, by which the sealant has protruded in front of its original profile.
A.3.1 Conditioning and mixing . Condition suitable quantities of base component and curing component in closed containers ( A.1.2) A.1.2) for for at least least 16 h in an enclosure ( A.1.3) A.1.3) at 25 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 5 % r.h. Condition the channels ( A.1.7) A.1.7) at at 25 ± 2 °C for no not less less than than 1 h.
© BSI 02-1999
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BS 4254 4254:19 :1983 83
Appendix B Test Test for plastic deformation (recovery)
C.1.4 Softwood spacer bars, bars , wrapped with release paper or treated with recommended release agent, eith either er 12 no. no.
B.1 Apparatus
12 mm × 13 mm × 50 mm [see see Figure 1 (a) (a)], or 6 no. no.
B.1.1 Ventilated oven with fan, fan , complying with BS 2648 2648..
12 mm × 38 mm × 50 mm [see Fi Figure 1 (d)], or or 6 no.
B.1.2 Tensile testing machine, machine , capable of holding the specimen aligned whilst maintaining the rate of separa separatio tion n at at 5 mm/min mm/min to 6 mm/min mm/min and and capable capable of recording the force required to extend the specimen.
C.1.5 Power C.1.5 Power stirrer or spatula.
B.2 Procedure. Procedure. Prepare three test assemblies I using aluminium surfaces as described in S period place B Appendix C. After the seven-day cure period ) the assemblies assemblies in an oven complying complying with BS 2648 c ( at 50 ± 2 °C for f or thre t hree e days. da ys. Remove Remove the assemb assemblie liess , y from the oven and condition them for n ot less p o than 16 h at 25 ± 2 °C. C d Place each assembly in the jaws of a tensile testing e (B.1.2)) and pull apart at the rate l l machine (B.1.2 o of 5 mm/min mm/ min to to 6 mm/min mm/min until until ext extend ended ed to to a tota totall r t assembliess in the testing testing n width of 30 mm. Hold the assemblie o machine at this extension extension for for 5 min. Immediate Immediately ly c n remo remove ve and allo allow w to to rec recov over er for for 1 h at at 25 ± 2 °C U , without compression by placing edgewise on a glass 4 surface with the long axis of the test specimen 0 0 perpendicular to this surface. 2 results. Calculate the plastic h B.3 Expression of results. c r deformation D deformation D (in (in %) using the following following formula: formula: a M w ar – w i 0 D = ---------------------- × 100 2 we – w i , h g where u o war is the width after after recovery recovery (in mm); r o wi is the initial initial width width (in mm); b h we is the width width extended extended (in mm). g u o report. The plastic deformation (in %) as L B.4 Test report. f calculated in B.3 shall B.3 shall be recorded. o y t i Test for adhesion adhesion and s Appendix C Test r e tensile modulus v i n UC.1 Apparatus , r enclosures, both both mai maint ntai aine ned d at 25 ± 2 °C z C.1.1 Two enclosures, v with with one one at at 50 ± 5 % r.h. r.h. and and the the oth other er c o at 65 ± 5 % r.h. b l fan , controlled r C.1.2 Ventilated oven with fan, z at 70 ± 2 °C or 110 11 0 ± 2 °C, °C , oth o ther erwi wise se comp comply lyin ing g wit with h v c the requireme requirements nts of BS 2648. o b l C.1.3 Tensile testing machine, machine , capable of a jaw : y separa separatio tion n rate rate of 5 mm/min mm/min to 6 mm/min mm/min and p o capable of recording the force required to extend the Cspecimen. d e s n e c 4 i L
12 mm × 19 mm × 50 mm [see Fi Figure ure 1 (e)]. C.1.6 Feeler gauge, gauge , of thickn thickness ess 0.025 0.025 mm, width width 2 mm, gradua graduated ted in 1 mm increm increment ents. s. C.2 Test surfaces C.2.1 Aluminium. C.2.1 Aluminium. Each Each aluminium test surface shall consist of untreated aluminium alloy of grad grade e 6063 6063 TF or or 6082 6082 TF as as speci specifi fied ed in in BS 1474 1474 or grade 6082 TF as as specified specified in BS 1470, either in the the form of plates of sufficient thickness to withstand deformation under testing or in the form of thin plates securely bonded to the faces of a rigid substrate. C.2.2 Glass. Each Glass. Each glass test surface shall consist of clear float glass, either in the form of plates of sufficient thickness to withstand deformation under testing or in the form of thin plates securely bonded to the faces of a rigid substrate. C.2.3 Portland C.2.3 Portland cement mortar. mortar. Each cement mortar test surface shall consist of a block of not less than than 12 mm nomi nominal nal thickn thickness ess,, store stored d for for 24 h in an enclosure (C.1.1 (C.1.1)) at 25 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 5 % r.h. Prepare the cement mortar blocks as follows. a) Mix one part by dry mass of ordinary Portland cement complying with with BS 12 with 1½ parts parts by dry mass of sand complying with BS 4550-6 and add water to give a water to cement ratio of 0.35 to 0.40 0.40.. The grain size of the sand shall be such that that 100 % by mass mass shall shall pass pass thro through ugh a 850 4 m testt sieve tes sieve,, compl complyin ying g with with BS BS 410, 410, and and 0 to 10 10 % by mass shall shall pass through through a 600 4 m test sieve, complying complying with with BS 410. Ensure that the sand is thoroughly washed and dried before use. b) Transfer the mortar immediately to rigid plastics moulds in about four layers, each being thoroughly compacted on a suitable vibrating table. c) Cure the blocks blocks in the moulds moulds for 24 h in an atmosp atmospher here e of not less less than than 90 % r.h. r.h. d) Remove the blocks from the moulds and cure for a further further 28 days in water water at room temperature, using a volume of water not less than than 400 mL per block. block.
© BSI 02-1999
BS 4254:1 4254:198 983 3
e) Dry the the blocks blocks at a temperatu temperature re of 110 °C in an oven (C.1.2 (C.1.2)) for at least least 12 h and store in the the encl enclos osur ure e for for at at lea least st 28 days days at 25 ± 2 °C and 65 % r.h. If blocks are not required for immediate use and are subsequently stored under alternative or uncontrolled conditions, store them for at least a furt furthe herr seve seven n days days at at 25 ± 2 °C and and 65 % r.h. r.h. bef befor ore e use. C.3 Cleaning of test surfaces. surfaces. Before constructing the test assemblies clean the test surfaces as follows. I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
a) Clear float glass, aluminium. aluminium . Remove major contamination by cleaning with water, detergent solution or solvents. Clean the surface with methyl ethyl ketone or similar solvent. Wash with dilute detergent solution and rinse with distilled or deionized water. Rinse in industrial methylated spirits and air dry. b) Mortar. Mortar. Remove loose dust using a clean stiff bristle brush. If it is found, after the preparation of the block, that the surface has any cavity greater greater than than 2 mm diameter, diameter, reject the block. block. Where appropriate, prime the surface (see 3.3). 3.3). Apply primer only over the area to which the sealant is intended to adhere. C.4 Preparation of test assemblies. assemblies. Condition the components of the sealant in closed containers for for 16 h at at 25 25 ± 2 °C. °C. Mix Mix toge togeth ther er suit suitab able le quantities of the components in a clean cylindrical container, container, either either by hand for 10 min, using using a spatula, or by using a power stirrer until uniform mixing is achieved, the speed of rotation being such that the minimum amount of air is entrained in the mixed sealant. Prepare three test assemblies each consisting of a 12 mm × 12 mm × 50 mm bead bead of seal sealan antt held held between parallel test surfaces, using spacer bars (C.1.4 (C.1.4). ). Carefully fill the channels, formed by the spacer bars and test surfaces, with sealant, taking care to prevent voids and occlusion of bubbles. Typical assemblies assemblies are are shown in in Figure Figure 1. If type type 2 or type type 3 assemblies are used, tool the open surfaces to obtain a rectangular bead of sealant 12 mm × 12 mm × 50 mm.
C.5 Positioning of test assemblies. assemblies. Use the tensile testing machine (C.1.3 ( C.1.3)) for all tests except the test described in C.6.5. C.6.5. Position the test assembly in the tensile testing machine, ensuring that the jaws provide a direct direct pull (see Figure 1). NOTE When it it is required required to to maintain maintain the the test assembly assembly in tension, a simple method of achieving this is to insert suitably dimensioned spacer bars before releasing the tensile testing machine.
For the test described in C.6.5 use C.6.5 use a device such as that shown in Figure 2. Obtain the specified rate of separation by periodically adjusting the bolts A and B. All clamping bolts on this machine shall have milled heads. Care should be taken when tightening the clamping bolts when using glass or other brittle materials. Suitable packing material between the bolt and the test assembly is permitted. C.6 Test procedures C.6.1 General. General. Immediately after the seven day cure period (see C.4) C.4) carry out each of the tests given in C.6.2 to C.6.2 to C.6.6. C.6.6. Immediately before testing, remove the spacer bars and scribe the specimens with a sharp knife or marking pencil or use masking tape along the lines where the sealant is in contact with the test surface, in order to define the original bonded area. C.6.2 Before C.6.2 Before ageing test test.. Subject test assemblies for each of the test surfaces to strain, extending the assemb assembly ly at at the the rate rate of of 5 mm/min mm/min to to 6 mm/min mm/min unti untill extended extended to a total width of 30 mm. Record the force required to produce the extension in each test assembly. After insertion of spacer bars take the assembly from the tensile testing machine and hold at this exte extens nsio ion n for for 24 h at at a tem tempe pera ratu ture re of 25 ± 2 °C. °C. Still holding the extension, record the total area (length (length × depth) depth) of any failure failure of adhesion adhesion and and cohesion for each test assembly. Measure the depth of any crack with the feeler gauge (C.1.6 ( C.1.6). ). C.6.3 After C.6.3 After water immersion test. test. Totally immerse test assemblies for each of the test surfaces in distil distilled led water, water, on on end, end, for seven seven days days at 25 ± 2 °C. Then proceed as described in C.6.2. C.6.2.
Cure the test assemblies for seven days in the enclosure (C.1.1 (C.1.1)) at at 25 ± 2 °C an and 50 ± 5 % r.h. Ho Hold the assemblies securely to prevent movement during the cure period.
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BS 4254 4254:19 :1983 83
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c 6 i L
Figure 1 — Typical assemblies used in the adhesion and tensile modulus test
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BS 4254:1 4254:198 983 3
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
Figure 2 — Assembly holding device for the cyclic test C.6.4 After C.6.4 After heat ageing test. test. Heat-age test assemblies for each of the test surfaces, on end, for seven days in a ventilated hot-air oven (C.1.2 ( C.1.2)) at 70 ± 2 °C. Then Then condi conditio tion n the the assemb assemblie liess for for not not less than 4 h at 25 ± 2 °C. Proceed as described in C.6.2 except C.6.2 except that the maximu maximum m extensio extension n shall shall be 24 mm. C.6.5 After C.6.5 After cycles of extension at extension at – 15 °C and compression at 25 °C test. test. Place the test assemblies for each of the test surfaces in a suitable device, such as that shown in Figure 2, for separating the parall parallel el test test surfac surfaces es by increm increment entss of 0.8 ± 0.1 mm. Place these devices, and the contained test assemblies, assemblies, in in a cold box maintaine maintained d at – 15 ± 2 °C for for not not less less than than 4 h. Extend Extend the test test asse assembl mblies ies,, still still at – 15 ± 2 °C, by by incr increm emen ents ts of 0.8 ± 0.1 0.1 mm ever every y 3 min min unt until il the the sealant has been extended to a total width of 24 mm. Maintain Maintain the assembl assemblies ies at this this extension extension at a tem tempe pera ratu ture re of – 15 ± 2 °C for for 16 h. Stil Stilll holding the extension, record the total area (length (length × depth) depth) of any failure failure of adhesion adhesion and and cohesion for each test assembly. Measure the depth of any crack using the feeler gauge.
Remove the assemblies from the cold box and allow to stand, with all tensile stress removed, at 25 ± 2 °C for for 4 h. At the the end end of this this time time comp compre ress ss the test assemblies at the constant rate of 5 mm/min mm/min to 6 mm/min mm/min until until they they regain regain their their original thickness, and then allow to relax for an addi additi tiona onall 16 h at at 25 ± 2 °C, °C, thus thus comp comple leti ting ng one one test cycle. Subject each test assembly to three such cycles. C.6.6 After C.6.6 After sun lamp exposure through glass test. Use three test assemblies each consisting of one glass and one aluminium surface. Place each assembly on end and expose the glass side to radi radiat atio ion n fro from m a sun sun lamp lamp ( 300 300 W, 240 240 V, 50 cycles)2). No lamp lamp shall shall be used for for more than 200 h for testing. Provide ventilation so that the air temperature at the surface of the test specimen does not exceed exceed 50 °C during during the exposure exposure period. period. Expose Expose to radiat radiation ion for 96 h, at a distanc distance e of 300 mm from the surface surface of of the lamp lamp and normal to the axis through the centre of the lamp. At the end of the exposure period, completely immerse the test assembl assemblies ies in distil distilled led water water for 96 h at 25 ± 2 °C. Proceed as described in C.6.2, C.6.2, except that the maximu maximum m extensi extension on shall shall be 24 mm.
2)
A MLU 300 W sunlamp made by Philips Electrical Ltd. Ltd. is suitable.
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BS 4254 4254:19 :1983 83
C.7 Test report. report . For each test the following details shall be recorded: a) the force required to produce the extension in each test assembly;
Appendix E Test Test for adhesion adhesion in peel E.1 Apparatus
b) the total total area (lengt (length h × depth) depth) of any failure failure of adhesion and cohesion for each test assembly;
E.1.1 Testing machine, machine, with tension grips capable of pullin pulling g at a rate rate of sepa separat ration ion of 50 ± 5 mm/min mm/min with a dial or chart calibrated to record the force.
c) the depth depth (in mm) of any crack. crack.
E.1.2 Paper E.1.2 Paper masking tape, tape, 25 mm wide wide..
Appendix D Test Test for application application life D.1 Apparatus D.1.1 Cylindrical container, container, 65 mm in in diam diamete eterr and and I approx approximat imately ely 50 mm high. high. S B D.1.2 Containers, Containers, for storing components and ) c sealant. ( , Enclosure maiinted at at 25 ± 2 °C y D.1.3 Enclosure ma p and 50 ± 5 % r.h. o CD.1.4 Power D.1.4 Power stirrer or spatula for spatula for mixing. d Spatula. e D.1.5 Spatula. l l o D.2 Test surface. surface. The aluminium alloy test surface r t shall be mill mill finish finished, ed, of grad grade e 6063 6063 TF or or 6082 6082 TF n shall o as speci specifie fied d in BS 1474 1474 or grade grade 6082 6082 TF as c n specified specified in in BS 1470. U , mixing. Condition suitable 4 D.3 Conditioning and mixing. 0 quantities of base component and curing component 0 ( D.1.2), ), together with a clean 2 in closed containers (D.1.2 h cylindrical container (D.1.1 ( D.1.1), ), for for at leas leastt 16 h in the the c r enclosure (D.1.3 (D.1.3). ). Thoroughly mix together an a Mappropriate amount of the base component and of 0 the curing component in the cylindrical container 2 at 25 ± 2 °C, °C, eith either er by by hand hand for for 10 min, min, usi using ng a , h spatula or by using a power stirrer (D.1.4 ( D.1.4)) until g u uniform mixing is achieved. It is essential to o disperse the curing component evenly throughout r o b the base component. Take particular care to keep h the amount of air entrapped in the mixture to a g u minimum. o L D.4 Cleaning of test surface. surface. Clean the f o aluminium test surface as described in C.3. C.3. y t D.5 Procedure. Procedure. Store the mixed sample uncovered i s r in the humidity humidity cabinet cabinet.. Not less less than 30 min before before e v the expected expiry time of the application life, and i n thereafter thereafter at 10 min intervals, intervals, perfor perform m tests to to U check that the sample is capable of being applied by , r (D.1.5)) without difficulty on to a smooth z a spatula (D.1.5 v c clean aluminium surface. o b D.6 Test report. report. The application life shall be l r recorded as the total time between the completion of z v mixing and the last test at which the sealant is c o easily applied and readily adheres to the aluminium b l : surface. y p o C d e s n e c 8 i L
E.1.3 Two metal spacer bars, bars , at at lea least st 125 125 mm long × 1.5 mm × 1.5 mm. E.1.4 Thin flexible backing material, material, 225 225 mm × 75 mm to to whic which h the the comp compou ound nd will adhere throughout the test and which requires a force apprec appreciably iably less less than 25 N to be pulled pulled back at an angle of 180° (e.g. cloth, brass screen, unsized cotton duck fabric, open weave glass cloth). E.1.5 12 mm diameter diameter rod, ste steel el or glass, glass, 150 mm long. E.1.6 Enclosure, Enclosure, main mainta tain ined ed at 25 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 5 % r.h. E.1.7 Spatula. Spatula. E.2 Test surfaces E.2.1 Aluminium E.2.1 Aluminium.. Two pieces of untreated alumini aluminium um alloy, alloy, approx approxima imatel tely y 125 mm × 75 mm, not less less than than 3 mm thic thick, k, of grade grade 6082 TF as spec specif ifie ied d in BS 1470 1470 or gra grade de 6063 6063 TF or or 6082 6082 TF as as specified specified in BS 1474. E.2.2 Glass. Glass. Two pieces of clear float glas glass, s, 125 125 mm × 75 mm mm,, not not less less than than 6 mm thic thick. k. E.2.3 Portland E.2.3 Portland cement mortar. mortar. Two blocks of cement mort mo rtar ar,, app approxi roxima mate tely ly 125 125 mm × 75 mm × 25 mm prepared as described in C.2.3. C.2.3. E.3 Cleaning of test surfaces. surfaces. Before constructing the test assemblies clean the test surfaces as described in C.3. C.3. Where appropriate, prime the surfaces (see 3.3). 3.3). E.4 Preparation of test assemblies E.4.1 Prepare six test assemblies, two for each test surface, as described in E.4.2 to E.4.2 to E.4.4. E.4.4. E.4.2 Place a strip strip of 25 mm paper paper masking tape tape (E.1.2) E.1.2) across the width of a test surface along and parallel to the lower edge of the plate, leaving an area area of 100 mm × 75 mm expo expose sed d (see (see Figu Figure re 3). 3).
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I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
E.4.3 Condition Condition not not more more than 200 g of the base base compon component ent and curing curing compon component ent at 25 ± 2 °C in in closed closed cont containe ainers rs for for a perio period d of 16 h to 24 h. After After this period spread a portion of the properly mixed sealant on the surface of the plate to a minimum thickness thickness of 2 mm over the the area from from the top edge of the plate to the bottom of the tape and the entire width width of of the the plate plate (i.e. (i.e. 125 mm × 75 mm). Insert Insert the spacer bars (E.1.3 (E.1.3)) on the long edge of the plate (see Figure Figure 3). Then smear the backing material material with the mixed sealant at one end over a n area of 125 125 mm × 75 mm and and for force ce the the seal sealan antt into into the the backing material using a spatula. Lay the impregnated material over the sealant on the test surface, taking care that the minimum amoun t of air is entrapped. Roll the backing material with the rod to to obtain obtain a thickness thickness of of sealant sealant of 1.5 mm between the backing material and the test surface. E.4.4 Cure the assembly in an enclosure (E.1.6 (E.1.6)) at 25 ± 2 °C and and 50 ± 5 % r.h. r.h. for for two two days, ays, then then coat coat the backing backing materia materiall with a layer, layer, 1 mm thick thick or less, of the freshly mixed sealant to protect it from moisture and to minimize adhesion failure after water immersion. Allow the assembly to cure at 25 ± 2 °C and and 50 ± 5 % r.h. r.h. for for a fur furth ther er five five days, ays, making a total of seven days in all. E.4.5 Cut through the backing material to the test surface along its whole length with a sharp knife or razor blade, leaving two strips of sealant and backing backing material material 25 mm wide separa separated ted by a space approximat approximately ely 10 mm wide wide (see Figure Figure 3). 3). Immerse Immerse the assembly in distilled or deionized water at 25 ± 2 °C for for sev seven en days days.. E.5 Procedure E.5.1 Immediately after removing the assembly from the water wipe it dry and release the portion of the backing material covering the masking tape. Fold back the two strips of backing material at an angle of 180° and place the specimen in the testing machine (E.1.1 (E.1.1). ). E.5.2 Pull one strip of backing material at a rate of separa separatio tion n of 50 50 mm/min mm/min for for 1 min. min. After After a reasonably steady value has been obtained on the testing machine, record the peel strength in newtons shown on the dial or recording chart. Measure the area over which the sealant has failed in adhesion to the test surface. Repeat the procedure for the other strip of backing material. If the backing material peels from the sealant during the test, disregard the result and repeat the test.
E.6 Test report. report. The average peel strength in newtons for each test surface and the area over which the sealant has failed in adhesion for each strip of backing material shall be recorded.
Appendix F Test Test for loss of mass mass after heat ageing F.1 Apparatus F.1.1 Air F.1.1 Air circulating oven, oven, con contr trol olle led d at 70 ± 2 °C, °C, otherwise complying with the requirements of BS 2648 2648.. F.1.2 Balance F.1.2 Balance,, to weig weigh h 20 g to an an accura accuracy cy of 0.01 g. F.1.3 Three metal dishes, dishes , with approximate internal dimensi dimensions ons of 45 mm diamet diameter er and 6 mm depth. depth. F.1.4 Metal spatula. spatula . F.2 Test procedure F.2.1 Condition the sealant in a closed container at 25 ± 2 °C for at leas leastt 16 h. Clea Clean n thr three ee me meta tall dishes (F.1.3 (F.1.3)) with methyl ethyl ketone, dry and measure the mass of each dish, m1, in grams. F.2.2 Fill each dish with sealant and strike off flat with a spatula (F.1.4 ( F.1.4)) to the level of the open rim and immediately measure the mass, m2 in grams. Calculate the original mass, mo of sealant using the following formula: mo = m2 – m1 F.2.3 Allow F.2.3 Allow the three specimens to cure for seven days ays at at 25 ± 2 °C and and 50 50 ± 5 % r.h. r.h. and and pla place ce them hem in the the ove oven n for for 14 days days at at 70 ± 2 °C. °C. Foll Follow owin ing g this this ageing period period allow each each specimen specimen to cool cool for 2 h at standard laboratory conditions and measure the mass, m3, in grams. Calculate the final mass, mf , using the following formula: mf = m3 – m1 F.3 Expression of results. results. For each specimen calculate the loss loss of mass (in %) which is given by the following formula: m o – m f ----------------------× 100 mo F.4 Test report. report. The following details shall be recorded: a) the loss of mass as a percentage of the original mass for each specimen; b) the average loss of mass for the three specim specimens ens (in %).
E.5.3 Repeat E.4.1 to E.4.1 to E.5.2 for E.5.2 for the remaining assemblies.
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I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c 10 i L
Figure 3 — Diagram showing arrangement of test strips for the adhesion in peel test
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Appendix G Test Test for staining staining G.1 Apparatus G.1.1 Split ring mould, mould , 12 mm in dep depth th and and 76 mm in diameter standing on a smooth glass plate. G.1.2 Cylindrical mandrel, mandrel, of polyethylene or similar material. G.1.3 Enclosure, Enclosure, main mainta tain ined ed at 25 ± 2 °C and 50 ± 5 % r.h. G.2 Preparation of mortar block G.2.1 Prepare a mortar mix consisting of: I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
1 part by mass of white Portland Portland cement cement complying complying with the requirements requirements of BS 12;
G.3.5 Repeat G.3.3 and G.3.3 and G.3.4 13 times within 21 days days at intervals intervals not less less than than 24 h. The The first appearance of discoloration, which is most likely to be visible on the uncoated smooth undersurface of the mortar around the interface with the compound in the central hole, shall be taken as evidence of staining. G.4 Test report. report. The following details shall be recorded: a) whether or not staining occurs and, if so, whether adjacent to a primed surface or to an unprimed surface; b) where applicable, the batch number and the expiry date of the primer.
0.2 parts by mass of high calcium hydrated hydrated lime complying complying with with BS 890; 3.5 parts by mass of white sand complying with BS 45504550-6. 6. G.2.2 Mix the cement, lime and sand dry with a trowel on a non-absorbent, non-metallic surface until the mixture is uniform. Add the water an d mix the whole thoroughly. Use just sufficient water to form a smooth paste. Cast the mortar mix in a split ring mould standing on a smooth glass plate (G.1.1 ( G.1.1). ). Form a central smooth smooth bore cylindrical cylindrical hole, about 20 mm diameter, by standing in the centre of the ring a 20 mm cylindric cylindrical al mandrel mandrel of polyet polyethylene hylene or or similar material (G.1.2 (G.1.2)) to which the mortar will not adhere. Allow the mortar to set for 3.5 ± 0.5 h at 25 ± 2 °C in moist air under a damp cloth. After setting, remove the central mandrel. G.3 Procedure G.3.1 If necessary, use a primer (see 3.3) 3.3) to coat half the area of the upper surface of the mortar block and half the inner surface of the central hole. G.3.2 Apply G.3.2 Apply sufficient compound to the mortar block by first filling the hole completely, then spreading the remainder evenly over the whole of the top surfac surface e to to a thickn thickness ess betwee between n 6 mm and 10 mm. G.3.3 Store the assembly assembly for 24 h in an an enclosure enclosure maintained at 25 ± 2 °C and and 50 ± 5 % r.h. (G.1.3). G.1.3). Remove the assembly from the enclosure and inspect for staining. G.3.4 Completely Completely immerse immerse the specimen specimen in 400 mL of fresh distilled water at room temperature for 1 min and return return it to to the enclosure. enclosure.
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I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c 12 i L
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BS 4254:1 4254:198 983 3
Publications referred to BS 12, 12, Specification for ordinary and rapid-hardening Portland cement. BS 410, 410, Specification for test sieves. BS 890, 890, Building Building limes. BS 1470, 1470, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes — plate, sheet and strip. BS 1474, 1474, Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys for general engineering purposes — bars, extruded round tubes and sections. BS 2648, 2648, Performance Performance requirements for electrically-heated electrically-heated laboratory drying ovens. BS 4550, 4550, Methods of testing cement. BS 4550-6, 4550-6, Standard sand for mortar cubes. I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c o b l : y p o C d e s n e c i L
© BSI 02-1999
I S B ) c ( , y p o C d e l l o r t n o c n U , 4 0 0 2 h c r a M 0 2 , h g u o r o b h g u o L f o y t i s r e v i n U , r z v c o b l r z v c BSI o b 389 Chiswick High Road l : London y p W4 4AL o C d e s n e c i L
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