!"#$%&'# )*"#
+,",-#./0#0,1
!"#"$%&'(%(") +#%,-./%! +#%,-./%# $%&% '( )%* +,(-+,%* &(',+%*. /0( (*10',% )% (*120+102%* &%+23*+45,+%* /0( +3-632&%- )3* ',*1,-13* *,*1(&%* '() +0(253 70&%-3. *0 60-+,4- 8 2()%+,3-(*!
0")1$'21'3# %#%,3.'1%
9% '(*+2,5+,4- %-%14&,+% 2(/0,(2( '( 0- 32'(- 8 *(+0(-+,% )4:,+%! ;%2% '(*+2,<,2 (- %-%13&=% (* <>*,+% )% !"#$%&'()*+, % 12%?@* '( )% +0%) 53'(&3* %'/0,2,2 ,-632&%+,4- <>*,+% '( )%* (*120+102%*. +3&3 632&%. +3)32. 1%&%A3. 0<,+%+,4-! B 12%?@* '( 3123* &(',3* 53'(&3* ,-632&%2 '() 5(*3. 1(C102%. +3-*,*1(-+,% +3&3 1%&<,@- )% 60-+,4-. )3 +0%) (* &08 ,&5321%-1( (- %-%13&=% +)=-,+%!
4"$.'#-&-5/% %#%,3.'1%
;3*,+,4- %-%14&,+% ;)%-3* %-%14&,+3* D@2&,-3* '( 2()%+,4-. +3&5%2%+,4- 8 53*,+,4D@2&,-3* '( &3?,&,(-13
6-)'1'3# +#%,3.'1% 7 ;%2% 53'(2 '(*+2,<,2 (- %-%13&=%. '(<(&3* +3-*,'(2%2 0-% 53*,+,4-
53*,+,4- *( )( +3-3+( +3&3 53*,+,4- %-%14&,+%! E* )% 53*102% +3-?(-+,3-%) +3-?(-+,3-%) 8 0-,?(2*%)&(-1( %+(51%'% 5%2% (*10',%2 )% %-%13&=%! %-%13&=%! 9% 53*,+,4- %-%14&,+% +3-*,'(2% /0( () ,-',?,'03 *( (-+0(-12%# F( ;,(! EC12(&,'%'(* *05(2,32(* +3):%-'3 % )3* )%'3* '() +0(253! ;%)&%* '( )%* &%-3* &,2%-'3 7%+,% %'()%-1(. +3- )3* 50):%2(* %50-1%-'3 7%+,% %60(2% ;)%-3 <,505,)%2 5%2%)()3 %) 732,G3-1(! EC12(&,'%'(* ,-6(2,32(* 8 5,(* &,2%-'3 %) 62(-1(!
"#$% &'()*$* +',-.()- /%
"#% +012$3' /$#4, 5!
!"#$%&'# )*"#
+,",-#./0#0,1
E- <%*( % (*1% 53*,+,4- %-%14&,+% *( '(*+2,<(- )3* 5)%-3* '( 32,(-1%+,4-! F( (*13* 5)%-3* '( 32,(-1%+,4- *( '(*52(-'(- )3* 1@2&,-3* '( 2()%+,4- 8 )3* 1@2&,-3* '( +3&5%2%+,4-. /0( -3* ,-',+%- )% 2()%+,4- '( +(2+%-=% 3 0<,+%+,4- '( )%* ',6(2(-1(* (*120+102%* 8 5%21(* '() +0(253 +3- *0* (*120+102%* ?(+,-%*!
6&%#-) (" -$'"#,%1'3#7
H3- 12(* 5)%-3* ,&%:,-%2,3* /0( ',?,'(- %) +0(253 (- &,1%'(*! F3* '( ())3* *3- 5)%-3* '( ',2(++,4?(21,+%) 8 () I)1,&3 (* '( ',2(++,4- 732,G3-1%)!
6&%#- 8"('- - 9%5',%&7 (* 0- 5)%-3 ?(21,+%) /0( ',?,'( %) +0(253 '( '()%-1( 7%+,% %12>* (- 0-% &,1%' '(2(+7% 8 0-% ,G/0,(2'%! 6&%#- :$-#,%& - ;-$-#%&7 E* 0- 5)%-3 ?(21,+%) /0( ',?,'( %) +0(253 '( )%'3 % )%'3 (- 0-% &,1%' %-1(2,32 8 0-% 53*1(2,32!
Plano sagital Plano frontal
Plano transverso
6&%#- 4$%#)<"$)- = >-$'?-#,%&7 E* 05)%-3 732,G3-1%) /0( ',?,'( %) +0(253 (&,1%' *05(2,32 8 0-% ,-6(2,32!(* 5(25(-',+0)%2 % )3* '3* 5)%-3* ?(21,+%)(*! Planos de orientación
4@$.'#-) (" A"&%1'3# - =B'1%1'3#7
+#,"$'-$ - C"#,$%& D 6-),"$'-$ - 0-$)% *( 2(6,(2( *, 0-% (*120+102% *( (-+0(-12% 532 '()%-1( 3 532 '(12>* '() 5)%-3 623-1%)! ;32 (J(&5)3. () %<'3&(- *( (-+0(-12% (- )% 5%21( %-1(2,32 3 ?(-12%) '() +0(253! 9% 2(:,4- :)I1(% *( 0<,+% (- )% 5%21( 53*1(2,32 3 '32*%) '() +0(253
9=2"$'-$ - 1"EF&'1- G#E"$'-$ - ;%=(%& # *( 2(6,(2( % *, 0-% (*120+102% *( 0<,+% 532 *3<2( 3 532 '(<%J3 '() 5)%-3 12%-*?(2*3! ;32 (J(&5)3. () 142%C *( 0<,+% (- )% 5%21( *05(2,32 '() +0(253!
G#,"$#- - ."('%& D "H,"$#- - &%,"$%&7 *( 2(6,(2( % *, 0-% (*120+102% *( 0<,+% &>* +(2+% 3 &>* )(J3* '() 5)%-3 *%:,1%)! ;32 (J(&5)3. () (*1(2-4- *( 0<,+% (- )% )=-(% &(',% '() 142%C. )%1(2%)&(-1( *( 0<,+%- )%* +3*1,))%*!
E*13* 5)%-3* *( 50('(- +3&<,-%2. 8% /0( 0-% (*120+102% 50('( *(2. 532 (J(&5)3. *05(2,32 8 % )% ?(G (C1(2-% K*05(23(C1(2-%L "#$% &'()*$* +',-.()- /%
"#% +012$3' /$#4, 5!
!"#$%&'# )*"#
+,",-#./0#0,1
Superior o craneal PLANO FRONTAL O CORONAL
PLANO SAGITAL
Anterior o ventral
Posterior o dorsal
Medial o interno PLANO TRANSVERSO
Lateral o externo
Inferior o caudal
4@$.'#-) (" 1-.2%$%1'3#7
6$-H'.%& 0'),%&7 ;32 (J(&5)3 () +3'3 (* 523C,&%) 2(*5(+13 '( )% &0A(+%. 8% /0( *( (-+0(-12% &>* +(2+%-3 %) 73&<23K2%=G '( )% (C12(&,'%'L!
9=2"$E'1'%& D 6$-E=#(-# M3-*,'(2% )% ',*1%-+,% 2()%1,?% '( 0-% (*120+102% +3- )% *05(26,+,( '() +0(253! ;32 (J(&5)3. () &0*+0)3 5(+132%) &%832 (* *05(26,+,%) 8 () 5(+132%) &(-32 (* 52360-'3!
>-.-&%,"$%& - '2)'&%,"$%& ;-#,$%&%,"$%& - I","$-&%,"$%&7 M0%-'3 0-% (*120+102% *( (-+0(-12% (() &,*&3 )%'3 3 %) )%'3 +3-12%2,3 '( )% (*120+102% '( 2(6(2(-+,%! ;32 (J(&5)3 )% &%-3 '(2(+7% 8 () 5,( '(2(+73 *3- 73&3)%1(2%)(* K(*1>- (- () &,*&3 )%'3 '() +0(253L!
G#,"$#- JH,"$#-# *, (*1% 532 '(-123 3 532 60(2% '( 0-% +%?,'%' 3 (*5%+,3 -%102%)!
"#$% &'()*$* +',-.()- /%
"#% +012$3' /$#4, 5!
!"#$%&'# )*"#
+,",-#./0#0,1
4@$.'#-) (" 2-)'1'3#7
6-)'1'3# )=2'#%7 () ,-',?,'03 (-+0(-12% %+3*1%'3 *3<2( *0 (*5%)'%
6-)'1'3# 2$-#%# () ,-',?,'03 *( (-+0(-12% 2(+3*1%'3 *3<2( *0 %<'3&(-
6-)'1'3# &%,"$%&7 (*1% 2(+3*1%'3 *3<2( 0-3 '( )3* )%'3* '() +0(253
*(
4@$.'#-) (" 8-<'.'"#,-7 93* &3?,&,(-13* *( 2(%),G%- % -,?() '( )%* %21,+0)%+,3-(* &4?,)(*! H( )(* '(*+2,<(- (- 2()%+,4- % )3* 5)%-3* '( 32,(-1%+,4-!
:&"H'3#7 F,*&,-0+,4- '() >-:0)3 (-12( N 70(*3* 524C,&3*. 0-,'3* 532 0-% %21,+0)%+,4-!
JH,"#)'3#7 B0&(-13 '() >-:0)3 (-12( N 70(*3* 524C,&3*. 0-,'3* 532 0-% %21,+0)%+,4-!
"#$% &'()*$* +',-.()- /%
"#% +012$3' /$#4, 5!
!"#$%&'# )*"#
+,",-#./0#0,1
9"2%$%1'3# - +B(=11'3## H(5%2%+,4- '( 0-% (C12(&,'%' +3- 2(*5(+13 %) 5)%-3 &(',3 3 *%:,1%)!
+2$-H'.%1'3# +(=11'3#7 B523C,&%+,4- '( 0-% (C12(&,'%' +32(*5(+13 %) 5)%-3 &(',3 3 *%:,1%)!
A-,%1'3#7 '() +0(253 (- 2()%+,4- % *0 (J( )3-:,10',-%)! ;0('( *(2# -!.'()*+ /+.$%+'0 -!.'()*+ 23.$%+'4 M0%-'3 -3* 2(6(2,&3* % )%* (C12(&,'%'(*. *( 01,),G% () 1@2&,-3 5%!+'()*+. 5%2% )% 231%+,4- ,-1(2-% 8 #65)+'()*+ 5%2% )% 231%+,4- (C1(2-%!
;'$1=#(=11'3#7 $31%+,4- +3&5)(1%. /0( '(*+2,<( 0- +3-3! H, *( 2(%),G% % -,?() '( (C12(&,'%'(*. () ?@21,+( '() +3-3 *( 0<,+% (- )% 2%=G '( )% (C12(&,'%'!
"#$% &'()*$* +',-.()- /%
"#% +012$3' /$#4, 5!
!"#$%&'# )*"#
+,",-#./0#0,1
J<"$)'3#7 9% (*120+102% *( ',2,:( 7%+,% %60(2%!
G#<"$)'3#7 9% (*120+102% *( ',2,:( 7%+,% %'(-123!
6$-,$=)'3#7 9% (*120+102% *( %)(J% '() 5)%-3 623-1%)!
A",$=)'3#7 9% (*120+102% *( %+(2+% %) 5)%-3 623-1%)!
J&"<%1'3#7 *3<2(5%*% () 5)%-3 12%-*?(2*3
0"2$")'3#7 )% (*120+102% ?0()?( % *0 53*,+,4- 32,:,-%)
K2-)'1'3#7 () 50)5(J3 '() '('3 50):%2 13+% )3* 3123* '('3*
A"2-)'1'3#7 () 50):%2 53*,+,4- %-%14&,+%
"#$% &'()*$* +',-.()- /%
?0()?( % *0
"#% +012$3' /$#4, 5!