ZAT ADITIF MAKANAN

QLZ LJB LJBZBC ZBC _KMDK^ZBLM Qlz ljbzbc ljbzbc ljlelh qlz rlmd nblyl nblyl jbzl`nlhflm jbzl`nlhflm fkjlel` fkjlel` y{lz{ akmby `lflmlm lzl{ `bm{`lm% ykhbmddl `lflmlm lzl{ `bm{`lm `bm{`lm zk~ykn{z zk~ykn{z eknbh `kml~bf`kml~bf- [`{`mrl% qlz ljbzbc ljbzbc zbjlf `k`beb `k`bebfb fb mbelb mbelb dbqbdbqb- Qlz bmb nk~c{mdyb nk~c{mdyb {mz{f qlz zl`nlhl zl`nlhlm m ykpk~z ykpk~zbb `kmdlt `kmdltkzf kzflm lm `lflmlm `lflmlm%% `kml`n `kml`nlh lh ~lyl ~lyl jlm l~g`l% l~g`l% jlm `k`pk~ `k`pk~`{j `{jlh lh p~gyky p~gyky  pk`n{lzlm `lflmlm lzl{p{m `bm{`lm% jlm yknldlbmrl_ljl ql`lm j{e{% zkfmbf pkmdgelhlm `lflmlm hlmrl `kmdd{mlflm nlhlm   nlhlm lel`b% ykpk~zb f{mrbz% ilnk% d{el% plmjlm% jyn- Fl~kml `lm{ybl zbjlf hlmrl   p{ly p{ly jkmdlm jkmdlm nlhlm nlhlm lel`b lel`b jlel` jlel` `k`km{ `k`km{hb hb fkn{z{ fkn{z{hlm hlm jlm pkmbmd pkmbmdflz flzlm lm f{lebz f{lebzly ly hbj{pmrl% `lfl jbn{lzelh nlhlm ybmzkyby-

@LIL@ ’ @LIL@ <- Qlz Ljbzbc Lel`b

Qlz ljbzbc lel`b `k~{plflm qlz ljbzbc rlmd jbpk~gekh elmdy{md jl~b lel`- Zlpb% jkmdlm nk~zl`nlhmrl a{`elh pkmj{j{f j{mbl rlmd yk`lfbm nlmrlf% `lfl jbz{mz{z  a{dl a{`elh `lflmlm rlmd eknbh nkyl~ ykhbmddl qlzqlz ljbzbc lel`b zbjlf i{f{p eldb_ljl {`{mrl qlz ljbzc lel`b zbjlf `kmb`n{eflm kckf yl`pbmd% l`lm jbfgmy{`yb jlm zbjlf nk~zlhlm el`l>- Qlz Ljbzbc N{lzlm

Qlz ljbzbc ybmzkzby lzl{ n{lzlm `k~{plflm qlz ljbzbc lzl{ qlz zl`nlhlm `lflmlm rd jbpk~gekh `kele{b ybmzkyby (pk`n{lzlm" nlbf jb elng~lzg~b{` `l{p{m jb bmj{yz~b jl~b nlhlm nlhlm fb`bl rlmd ybclzmrl hl`pb~ yl`l jkmdlm nlhlm lel`b rd ykakmbyFk{mdd{elm qlz ljbzbc ybmzkzby ljlelh jlplz jb p~gj{fyb jlel` a{`elh nkyl~% eknbh yzlnbe% zlfl~lm pkmdd{mllmmrl eknbh ykjbfbz jlm nblylmrl zlhlm eknbh el`l-

Ykjlmdflm fkek`lhlm qlz ljbzbc ybmzkzby ljlelh jlplz `kmb`n{eflm ~bybfg pkmrlfbz flmfk~ lzl{ nk~ybclz fl~ybmgdkmbfQlz ljbzbc ybmzkyby l`lm jbfgmy{`yb ykel`l `lybh jlel` l`nlmd nlzly l`lm  pkmdd{mllmmrl- Nlzly pkmdd{mllm nlhlm `lflmlm bmb% jblz{~ gekh _k~lz{~lm @kmzk~b Fkykhlzlm ^kp{nebf Bmjgmkybl Mg- 4>>'@kmfky'_K^'BX'88 zkmzlmd Nlhlm Zl`nlhlm @lflmlm% @lflmlm% nk~jlyl~flm nk~jlyl~flm LJB (Liikpzlnek (Liikpzlnek Jlber Bmzlfk"% Bmzlfk"% rlbz{ rlbz{ zbjlf `kmb`n{eflm `kmb`n{eflm  nlhlrl abfl jbfgmy{`yb gekh `lm{ybl jkmdlm jlyl~ pk~hbz{mdlm rlbz{ pk~fbegd~l`  nk~lz nljlm-

QLZ ’ QLZ LJBZBC LEL@B <- Qlz _ktl~ml

Mg-

Igmzgh

C{mdyb

<-

I{~i{`l egmdl% egmdl% f{mrbz

@k`nk~b tl~ml f{mbmd

>-

(i{~i{`bm"  J~lilkml lmd{yzbcgebl% lmd{yzbcgebl% jl{m

@k`nk~b tl~ml hbal{

9-

y{aby{ab- ( Feg~gcbe Feg~gcbe "  " ilnlb `k~lh- (Flpylbybm"

@k`nk~b tl~ml `k~lh

:-

Lmlzg

jbd{mlflm {mz{f `k`nk~b tl~ml kyf~b` ky f~b` `kmaljb

;-

 Jl{i{y il~gzl% tg~zke- (nkzl

g~lmdk @k`nk~b tl~ml f{mbmd

3-

fl~gzkm" Zhkgn~g`l ililg% igfkelz 

@k`nk~b tl~ml igfelz

4-

F{ebz n{lh `lmddby

{mz{f tl~ml {md{

(Dl~ibmbl `lmdgyzlml"

>- Qlz _kmrkjlp ^lyl ' _k`nk~b L~g`l

Igmzghmrl lmzl~l elbm 1 

plel



`k~bil



ilnlb



elgy



f{mrbz



fkz{`nl~ (Ig~blmj~{`



slmbeb



Alhk% Qbmdbnk~ gccbibmlek% gccbibmlek % `k`bebfb l~g`l pkjly `lmby



_lmjl lmjlm% m% @km @kmdh dhl~ l~{` {`fl flm m f{k% f{k% `bm{`lm jlm `lflmlm

 ylzbs{`"  ylzbs{`"

9- Qlz _k`lmby Mg-

Igmzgh

C{mdyb

<-

d{el plyb~

@k`nk~b ~lyl `lmby

>-

`lj{

@k`nk~b ~lyl `lmby% yk~zl fhlyblz zk~zkmz{ rlmd

9-

zk~flmj{md jlel` `lj{@k`nk~b ~lyl `lmby jlm l~g`l

D{el fkelpl

zk~zkmz{:- Qlz _kmdltkz Mg-

<-

Igmzgh

@bmrlf Qlbz{m

C{mdyb

_kmdltkz `bmrlf 

(Sbzl`bm K Gbe% zgfgck~ge" >9-

D l ~ l`

mlflm {mz{f `k`n{lz lybmlm

D{el

lzl{p{m bflm lybm jbd jbd{mlf mlflm {z{f `k`n{lz {lz `lmbylm n{lhn{lhlm

;- Qlz Lmzb Gfybjlm

Mg-

Igmzgh

C{mdyb

<-

@bmrlf Qlbz{m

@k~k`lalflm f{ebz% `kebmj{mdb

>-

(Sbzl`bm K Gbe% zgfgck~ge" Z{eyb (Nlybe f{j{y"% Gib`{`

f{ebz`k`nlmz{ jlel` `kmikdlh

 ylmiz{`

zlmjlzlmjl ltle zlmjlzlmjl

_lzk~ykeb% _kz~gykebm{` i~byp{`

 pkm{llm Lmzb gfybjlm jlel` z{n{h

9-

3- Qlz _kmdk`{ebyb% _k`lmzlp% _kmdkmzle

Mg-

< 

Igmzgh

Jl{m tl~{

C{mdyb

[mz{f `kmdkmzleflm `bm{`lm

_ljl {`{mrl qlz ljbzbc lel`b zbjlf `kmb`n{eflm kckf yl`pbmd% fl~kml nk~y{`nk~ elmdy{md jl~b

lel`-

QLZ ’ QLZ LJBZBC YBMZKZBY <- Qlz _ktl~ml _ktl~m _ktl~mll nk~c{m nk~c{mdyb dyb {mz{f {mz{f `k`nk~ `k`nk~bb tl~ml tl~ml nlhlm nlhlm `lflml `lflmlm m ldl~ ldl~ zl`pbe zl`pbe `kml~bf% ykhbmddl jlplz `kml~bf fgmy{`km {mz{f `k`nkeb jlm `kmdgmy{`ybmrlNk~bf{z bmb ljlelh zlnke rlmd `km{ma{flm igmzgh qlz pkmdltkz rlmd y{jlh jbfkzlh{b lfbnlzmrl-

Mg<-

Igmzgh ^hgjl`bm N (pktl~ml

C{mdyb _ktl~ml zkfyzbe%

Kckf Yl`pbmd Flmfk~ jlm `kmb`n{eflm

zkfyzbe"% akmbymrl 1

zkzlpb fljlmd

fk~li{mlm pljl pl~{pl~{%

Libj N~{eblmz _bmf N

fljlmd jbd{mlflm

zkmddg~gflm% hbj{md% jlm {y{y

LJI ^hgjl`bmk N

{mz{f pktl~ml

Lbqkm ^hgjl`bmk NH

`lflmlm gekh pl~l

Lbqkm ^hgjl`bmk

g~lmd zlf 

NHI

 nk~zlmdd{md altln

Lfb~bf{ ^hgjl`bmk N N~beblmz _bmf N Ileigqbmk ^hgjl`bmk NE Ileigqbmk ^hgjl`bmk NX Ileigqbmk ^hgjl`bmk NX_ Ik~byk Zgmk~  V2(g~zg Fl~ngfybckmbe"3 (jbkzbel`bmg"9H xlmzbm9rebjkmkPjbkzbe l``gmb{` feg~bjl Ik~byk Zgmk~ X<>4 Ik~zb|{le ^hgjl`bmk Igdbeg~ ^kj 9><-
Zkz~lkzbe~hgjl`bmko Zl~zlqbmk

>-

9-

Y{mykz rkeegt CIC

@k`nk~b tl~ml

@kmbmdflzflm fk`{mdfbmlm

f{mbmd

hrpk~lfzbc pljl `lyl flmlf

@k`nk~b tl~ml

flmlf@kmrknlnflm fk~{ylflm

f{mbmd `bm{`lm

f~g`gyg`

~bmdlm-- pk~`km-:-

_gmikl{ :^

ykelb-- jlm ldl~ ldl~  @k`nk~b tl~ml Lmk`bl jlm fkpkflzlm pljl `k~lh @bm{`lm

hk`gdegnbm-

~bmdlm-- Rgdh{~z-;3-

Il~`gbybmk (`k~lh"

Akeb @k`nk~b tl tl~ml

@kmrknlnflm flmfk~ hlzb jlm

\{bmgebmk Rkeegt

`k~lh @k`nk~b tl~ml

`kmb`n{eflm lek~db Hrpk~z~gphr% hrpk~pelybl%

f{mbmd

il~ibmg`ly fkekmal~ zb~gbj

Igmzgh elbmmrl ljlelh 1 

_k`nk~ _k`nk~bb tl~ml tl~ml `k~lh `k~lh 1 K~bz~ K~bz~gyb gyb` ` tl~ml tl~ml `k~lh `k~lh%% lee{~l lee{~l%% l`l~lmz l`l~lmzh h



_k`n _k`nk~ k~bb tl~m tl~mll igfe igfelz lz 1 Igf Igfel elzz HZ tl~ tl~ml ml igf igfel elzz



_k`n _k`nk~ k~bb tl~ml tl~ml nb~{ nb~{



_k`n _k`nk~ k~bb tl~ml tl~ml hbal hbal{ { 1 Clyz Clyz D~kk D~kkm m CIC CIC



_k`n _k`nk~ k~bb tl~ tl~ml ml p{zbh p{zbh 1 Zbzl Zbzlmb mb{` {` gfy gfybj bjll



_k`n _k`nk~ k~bb tl~ tl~ml ml {md{ {md{ 1 Bmjb Bmjbdg dgil il~` ~`bm bmkk

1 N~be N~beeb eblm lmzz ne{k ne{k CIC CIC

>- Qlz _k`{zbh% _k`{zbh Zkp{md Ykelbm qlz pktl~ml `lflmlm fbzl `kmdkmle qlz pk`{zbh `lflmlm- Qlz  pk`{zbh bmb nlbf jbd{mlflm {mz{f `k`pk~nlbfb tl~ml nlhlm `lflmlm zlmpl `k~{ylf  fg`pgybyb nlhlm `lflmlm- @bylemrl% zkp{md rlmd `lybh nl~{ nblylmrl nk~tl~ml f{mbmd f{mbmd fkigfe fkigfelzi lzigfe gfelzl lzlm m lzl{ lzl{ f{mbmd f{mbmd fkln{l fkln{ln{l n{lmm- Qlz pk`{zb pk`{zbh h zk~ykn zk~ykn{z {z jlplz jlplz jbd{mlflm {mz{f `k`{zbhflm zkp{md zk~ykn{z- Igmzghigmzgh pk`{zbh rlmd l`lm jbd{mlflm jlel` `lflmlm ljlelh 1



Gfybjl feg~  



lqgj lqgjbbil~n il~ngm gml` l`bbjk (K 2>4" 2>4"



Hbj~gdkm pk pk~gfybjl



il~nl`bjk (K2>4n >4n"



Nkmqgbe pk~gfy gfybjl



fleb{` n~ n~g`l g`lzk (K (K2>"



Mlz~ Mlz~b{ b{` ` hbpg hbpgfe feg~ g~bz bz Ml(I Ml(IeG eG""



Eyb Eybyz yzkb kbm m (K2>? K2>?%% K2>< K2><



mlz mlz~b{` ~b{` yzkl yzkl~b ~bee c{` c{`l~ l~lz lz Ljl qlz pk`{zbh rlmd `k`bebfb c{mdyb dlmjl rlbz{ yknldlb pk`{zbhtl~ml

qlz `lflmlm a{dl yknldlb pk~klfyb {mz{f `kmaljbflm nlhlm `lflmlm bz{ el~{z jlel` lb~- @bylemrl% Mlz~b{` hbpgfeg~bz jbd{mlflm ldl~ plzb rlmd zbjlf el~{z jlel` lb~  `kmaljb el~{z jlel` lb~-

9- Qlz _kmrkjlp ^lyl @lflmlm rd fbzl fgmy{`yb ykhl~b hl~b zlf ekply jl~b pkmrkjlp jlm n{`n{ `lylf`lylf- Fl~kml Fl~kml `k`lmd `k`lmd qlz zk~ykn zk~ykn{z {z `kml`n `kml`nlh lh ykjlp ykjlp jlm `kmb`n `kmb`n{ef {eflm lm ykek~l ykek~l `lel`- _kmrkjlp jlm n{`n{ `lylf fk`lylm nlmrlf `kmdlmj{md pkmrkjlp ybmzkzby_kmdfgmy{`yblm rlmd nk~eknblhm nbyl `kmrknlnflm p{ybmd% `{le jlm fkelbmlm pljl ybyzk` kfy~kyb- nk~bf{z bmb ljlelh zlnke igmzgh qlz pkmrkjlp ~lyl rlmd zkelh jbfkzlh{b kckf yl`pbmdmrl

Mg- Igmzgh <@gmg mlz~b{` De{zl`lz (skzybm" jlm

C{mdyb Kckf Yl`pbmd _kmrkjlp `lflmlm% Fkelbmlm hlzb% z~l{`l% `k`nk~b ~lyl d{~bh

Hbpk~zkmyb% Yz~kyy% Jk`l`

@gmgygjb{` De{zl`lz

zbmddb% @k`pk~ikplz p~gyky

(@YD"

 pkm{llm% Lek~db f{ebz% @{le% @{mzlh% @bd~km% Ly`l% Fkzbjlf`l`p{lm nkelal~% Jkp~kyb-

Igmzgh elbmmrl ljlelh 1 

d{lm d{lmgy gybm bm `gmg `gmgcg cgyc yclz lz (D@_ (D@_""



lyl` i{fl



bgmg bgmgyb ybm m `gmg `gmgcg cgyc yclz lz (B@_ (B@_""



nkmqlejkhbjl



l`be lykzlz



jbmlz~b{` bmg bmgybmlz mlzk



`gmgp gmgpgz gzly lyyb yb{` {` de{z de{zl` l`lz lz



jbpg jbpgzzlyyb lyyb{` {` bmgyb mgybml mlzzk



fleyb{` jb jbde{zl`lzk lzk



fleyb{` bmgybmlzk



`gmgl gmgl` `gmb{ gmb{` ` de{z de{zl` l`lz lz



fley fleyb{ b{` ` ;$ ;$~b ~bng ngm{ m{ie iekg kgzb zbjk jkyy



`ldmk ldmkyyb{` b{` jbde jbde{z {zl` l`lz lzkk



jbml jbmlz~ z~b{ b{` ` ;$~b ;$~bng ngm{ m{ie iekg kgzb zbjk jkyy



d{lmrebi ly lyl`



`lezge% ge% kz kzbe `l `lezge



jbmlz~b{` d{l d{lmrelzk



debybm



jbpg jbpgzl zlyyyb{` yb{` d{lm d{lmr relzk lzk



ek{ybm



fleyb{` d{lmrelzk



ykmd lykzlz



bmgybmbi ly lyl`

:- Qlz _k`lmby _k`lmby _k`lmby ybmzkzby ljlelh pk`lmby pkmddlmzb d{el plyb~ lzl{ d{el zkn{ lzl{ y{f~gyly{f~gyl- _k`lmby _k`lmby ybmzkzby ybmzkzby nblylmrl jbd{mlflm jlel` pk`n{lzlm pk`n{lzlm yb~{p% yb~{p% yl~b n{lh% `bm{`lm ~bmdlm% jlm `lil` `lil` f{k- _kmdfgmy{`yblm rlmd nk~eknblhm nbyl `kmrknlnflm `kmrknlnflm p{ybmd% `{le jlm fkelbmlm pljl ybyzk` ybyzk` kfy~kyb kfy~kyb lkpk~zb fkmibmd `lmby`lmby  nk~bf{z bmb ljlelh zlnke rlmd `km{ma{flm kckf yl`pbmd rlmd zkelh jbfkzlh{b jl~b igmzgh qlz pk`lmby ybmzkzby-

Mg-

Igmzgh Ybfel`lz

C{mdyb Kckf Yl`pbmd `k`nk~b fk`lmbylm Flmfk~ (Fl~ybmgdkmbf"

(nk~nlhlrl abfl

9? fleb eknbh `lmby

jbfgmy{`yb" Ylfl~bm

jl~bpljl d{el `k`nk~b zbmdflz

Bmckfyb jlm Flmfk~ flmj{md

fk`lmbylm 9?? fleb

fk`bh

eknbh `lmby Lypl~zlm

jl~bpljl d{el `k`nk~b zbmdflz

Dlmdd{lm yl~lc jlm z{`g~ 

fk`lmbylm >?? fleb

gzlf 

eknbh `lmby

Lyky{ecl`

jl~bpljl d{el `k`nk~b zbmdflz

Dlmdd{lm yl~lc% z{`g~ gzlf%

fk`lmbylm >?? fleb

yk~zl fl~ybmgdkmbf 

eknbh `lmby jl~bpljl d{el Igmzgh elbmmrl ljlelh 1 

J{eybm



Byg`lez El Elizbzge



Yg~nbzge



E{g Hlm Hlm D{g @l @lnbmebm



Mkgz Mkgzl` l` (zbm (zbmdf dflz lz fk`l fk`lmb mbyl ylm m





@lezbzge

8???<9???x d{el"



@le @lezgge zggebbdgyl dgylii iihl hl~b ~bjk jk

Ylfh Ylfhl~ l~bm bm (nbl (nblyl yl jbpl jbplfl flbb plj pljll



@b~li{ebm @gmlzbm

`lflmlm nk~fleg~b ~kmjlh%



@gmkeebm

 a{dl `lflmlm {mz{f 



_kmzljbm

 pkmjk~bzl jblnkzky"



Yzksb zksbll ~kn ~knbblml% lml% Z~{sb ~{sbl% l%

Ljkm Ljkmre rebi bi Lyl` Lyl` lzl{ lzl{ ljkm ljkmgy gybm bm

_{~kSbl6 zk~{zl`l

`gmgcgyclz (L@_"

`kmdlmj{md ~knl{jbgybjk L%

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N~lqqkbm



Zldlzgyk



I{~i{ebm



Zhl{`lzbm



K~rzh~bzge



Xrebzge?

;- Qlz _kmdltkz _kmdltkz jbd{mlflm ldl~ `lflmlm eknbh zlhlm el`l jlm zbjlf ikplz n{~{f  jb yb`plm- Nlhlm pkmdltkz `kmdhl`nlz lzl{ `k`lzbflm pk~z{`n{hlm `bf~gnl lzl{ `bf~gg~dlmby`k rd jlplz `k~{ylf jlm `k`n{~{f `lflmlm- Zk~ele{ nlmrlf `lflm `lfl `lflml mlm m rlmd rlmd `kmd `kmdlmj lmj{m {md d qlz pkmd pkmdltk ltkzz lflm lflm `kmd{ `kmd{~l ~lmd mdbb jlrl jlrl zlhl zlhlm m z{n{h z{n{h zk~hljlp yk~lmdlm nk~nldlb pkmrlfbz- Nk~bf{z bmb ljlelh zlnke igmzgh qlz pkmdltkz ybmzkzby nkyk~zl kckf yl`pbmd rlmd zkelh jbfkzlh{b-

Mg<-

Igmzgh (nk~nlhlrl ab abfl

C{mdyb yknldlb pkmdltkz

Kckf Yl`pbmd Flmfk~ pl~{pl~{% dlmdd{lm

jbfgmy{`yb"

`bk% jyn

 pljl lelz pkmik~mllm%

 pkmrlfbz almz{md jlm `k~{ylf  >-

9-

:-

;-

Ng~lfy

 pkmdltkz nlfyg%

ybyzk` yl~lc@{le% `{mzlh% jbl~k% pkmrlfbz

(nk~nlhlrl abfl

jyn

f{ebz% fk~{ylflm dbmale% yk~zl

jbfgmy{`yb" Mlzl`rybm

Yknldlb pkmdltkz

dlmdd{lm pljl gzlf jlm hlzb@{le% `{mzlh% zbjlf mlcy{

(nk~nlhlrl abfl

`lflmlm lzl{

`lflm% jbl~k jlm pk~e{fllm

jbfgmy{`yb" Fleb{` Lykzlz

`bm{`lm flekmdYknldlb pkmdltkz

f{ebzFk~{ylflm c{mdyb dbmale-

(nk~nlhlrl abfl

`lflmlm lzl{

jbfgmy{`yb" Mbz~bz jlm Mbz~lz

`bm{`lm flekmdpkmdltkz {mz{f  

Fk~li{mlm% `k`pkmdl~{hb

`k`pk~zlhlmflm

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