WATER CRISIS IN SELANGOR
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
Water is one of the central issues in the 21st century in Malaysia. Of all the issues associated with water management, governance is considered of primary importance. This paper examines water crisis in Selangor.
However, there are many areas that need improvement to achieve better governance in water management. One is to improve Government controlled water departments by ensuring their workers are well-trained and committed to excellence.
INTRODUCTION
The1998 Klang Valley water crisis occurred in Malaysia in February 1998 when the three reservoir dams in Klang Valley, Klang Gates Dam, Batu Dam and Semenyih Dam suffered a substantial drop in water level following the El Niño phenomenon. The subsequent water shortage affected almost all the residents in the Klang Valley causing the government to impose water rationing prior to the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur.
The 2014 water crisis occurred in and Selangor state, Malaysia on February until now April 2014 caused by hot and dry seasons in Peninsula Malaysia. In Selangor, the five reservoir dams in the state suffered a substantial drop in water level. Then water rationing was imposed in the state starts on 25 February. Phase 1, the rationing began in Hulu Langat, Sepang and Kuala Langat districts. Next, the phase 2 would be Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Petaling, Klang/Shah Alam, Kuala Selangor, Hulu Selangor and Gombak districts and finally phase 3. On 29 March 2014, water rationing in Selangor, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya has been extended to April 30.
The water crisis in the country's worst ever recorded was in 1998 when 4.2 million people had to share the 2,553 million liters per day, a drop of 105 million liters per day.
But this time, the need for 7.1 million users of 4,900 million liters per day had reduced to 4,367 million liters per day, down by 533 million liters per day.
The Scenario
The main reasons for the water crisis, according to the Selangor Water Supply Company Sdn Bhd (Syabas), 300,000 households, or 1.2 million users in seven areas in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya will have low water pressure or no water. This is due to a reduction in the amount of treated water that issued by the five treatment plants on the direction of the Selangor State Economic Planning.
2. OBJECTIVES
To know the resident behavior in consume a water in Selangor
To know the factor caused the water crisis
To identified how their handle the water crisis
To investigate the effect of water crisis to Malaysia
STUDY AREA
Selangor is one state that situated at Malaysia that rich with a variety of neutral resources. With that it become a successful country in the worldwide arena.
3.1 Data Collection
In order to achieve the above said objectives, the following methodology was adopted during
the study;
1. The details about the water crisis in Selangor were collected from the website, book and journal.
2. To know the water consumption pattern in households, an interview was conducted with structured questionnaire.
3. A 40 households were surveyed.
ANALYSIS
4.1 Problem :
- Resident in Selangor have enface a huge problem from the water crisis. They should use a water with kindly without wasting it for the unnecessary. From the investigation in questionnaire we have found 57% that resident agree water crisis occur in this decade because of the water system ( infrastructure ) was break down.
It is happened because, actually all water treatment plants are only able to provide the level of 4638 million liters per day (MLD) as the original design. However, because of the increasing demand, then some water treatment plants were operating above capacity and supply treated water and can be allocated (capacity attributable) of 4661 million liters per day (MLD).
In the overloaded system, the pump house that serves to channel water from the central water treatment plant to the tank or pond and tank services balance has also been deployed day and night to meet the demand.
Occurrence from system damage in Wangsa Maju pump house resulting in a number of areas in Ulu Kelang and Ampang uninterrupted supply of raw water a few months ago as a result of this problem.
-Besides, the 35% aspect the pollution is effect of water crisis. Now we are faced with pollution and unbalanced development in the watershed. Watershed area is shrinking due to development and logging. Indirectly, the water flowing into the lake or pool was reducing. Similarly, the rate of water infiltration into the soil as a source of spring water decreases as the soil surface is covered by roads, concrete homes and other development. So the rain can not be fully utilized. So it can cause a water shortages. Water shortages in some areas in Selangor is due to the closure of two Water Treatment Plant (LRA) and the LRA Cheras Batu 11 Bukit Tampoi closed since January 28 last year due to ammonia pollution in Sungai Langat.
-Then, 8% of them believe the problems is because of political aspect. In the project Langat 2, it was burden to nation and trick of political people to gain votes in the PRU-13. By the way, in terms of integrity it can be disputed.
4.2 Solution
Terms mitigation project is to improve the existing facilities at water treatment plants whether it is concerned with the acquisition of the raw water system, pump house, water treatment systems or replace components as necessary. However, the project will not increase production capacity dramatically because of the restrictions of the existing plant design and limited raw water resources.
The Term Mitigation project is can not increase production capacity of water as well so the federal governments have planned project Langat 2. Langat 2 project must continue because it will save water users in the Klang Valley of treated water crisis at least for the next 50 years. Usually every mega infrastructure projects are not designed for current needs but will go beyond a relatively long time.
In the project, the water resources available to the mountains of the Main Range. Among the rivers that supply water is Bentong River, River Telemong, Kelau River and ending at the Semantan. Semantan River finally met with the Pahang River.
The water will be drained into the pump station located near the River Semantan. Then the water will be pumped into the twin pipes and into a tunnel that eventually flow into the water treatment plant in Hulu Langat with gravity.
All partial should put a side the political aspect and thinking about the nation priority.
5. FINDINGS AND ISSUES
As per survey conducted for 40 households
Majority of respondent agree the water crisis cause of the water system ( infrastructure ) was break down.
35% of respondent believe it cause of pollutions.
The political issue also arise with 8%.
Selangor Government has allocated RM9.65 billion reported for the purpose of restructuring the state's water industry and a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was allocated to overcome these problems.
Through this MoU, the Government of Selangor a allowed to take over the four water companies in the state. Four water companies in Selangor is Puncak Niaga Sdn.Bhd. (Puncak Niaga), Water Treatment Plant Pvt. Limited. (Splash), Selangor Water Supply Company Sdn.Bhd. (Syabas) and Konsortium ABASS Sdn.Bhd. The four water concessionaires will be consolidated under Darul Ehsan Bhd Group. (KDEB).
As mutual consent, the Federal Government to allow the State Government to take over the concession companies, Government of Selangor also allow the Federal Government to continue the construction of the Langat Two Water Treatment Plant (Langat 2).
6.RECOMMENDATION
The water crisis in Selangor is can not prevented until now, it gave a negative impact to the all residence in this area. They suffered with the water leakage and rationing from day to day. The everyday activities such bathing, cooking, washing, water a crops can not do as usually. They always worried about the insufficient water supply and keep reducing in consume it.. The problem could not be settled until now because of certain factors that still unfulfilled. The factors also have related of a long term implementation so take a long time to be solve. Ultimately the government and all partial should be considered to help it and try to not involve this situation with political issues because it can effect a nation, they always suffer and uncomfortable to continue their life. Then it can give a huge impact to our country also.
REFERENCES
Artikel Penuh: http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/Rencana/20140302/re_01/Selesaikah-krisis-air-di-Lembah-Klang#ixzz2yTHjNQUY
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