UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA CAMPUS COATZACOALCOS
TRABAJO PRÁCTICO-TÉCNICO PRÁCTICO-TÉCNICO
“ANÁLISIS ENERGÉTICO DEL CALENTADOR A FUEGO DIRECTO BA-1101, PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE LA EFICIENCIA, UTILIZANDO LA METODOLOGÍA DE LA CONAE (COMISION NACIONAL DEL AHORRO DE ENERGIA)
QUE PRESENTA GORRA TOSTEGA ISSI IRIS
PARA OBTENER EL TITULO DE: INGENIERO !UÍMICO
COATZACOALCOS, "ER# FEBRERO DE $00%
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Este trabajo esta dedicado a mis padres.
Quienes Quienes en mis noches de desvelos estuvieron estuvieron alumbrándome alumbrándome con su luz y que me han sabido llevar por el camino de la perseverancia y el esfuerzo.
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2.
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26
A&'** E&+./ 2+ C3+&/32 3 45+ D+/ BA-1101 633 7/+&+ *5 +4+&3
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222 M*,", "#se'", (,. +' CONAE E 3&'** +&+./ 2*+32 6 3 CONAE 86+&2+ 3* *5+&/+* 3/<232+*9 •
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•
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27
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M./2* 3&3/*
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•
E8/ 3* +8+&23&+* 2+ 8+?38+&/ +&+./# E*/ 23' 8 +*5/32 3/+&3/<3* 6+3&3+* = 2+ 83&/+&8+&/, 5+ 358+&/3& 3 +4+&3 +&+./3 3/53 2+ 6+3>& +*6+/ 3 3 2+ 2*+ = 5+ *+3& /.&3 = +&>838+&/+ <37+*, 3* 53+* *+'& 36323* 3 /3<.* 2+ 5& 63& 2+ 3>
•
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29
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2222 An1+#s#s $u'+#*'*#;, É*/3 86+&2+' 5&3 6&2+3>& 53/3/<3 2+ 863/ 2+ * 43/+* 6+3&3+* = + +*/32 4* 2+ +56 *7+ + 36<+@38+&/ +&+./ 2*632 6 + 875*/7+#
23 C'+en*'",. BA-4# L3 +&/+ 5+ 53 3 /3<.* 2+ 3+&/32 BA-1101, *+ 38+&/3 6 8+2 2+ 7873*# E& 3 2+*33 2+ +*/3* 7873* *+ /+&+ &*/332 + */@ 6 73?3 6+*>& 5+ 3 /3<.* 2+ *++/ 83&53 +&<3 5&3 *+3 2+ 33&5+ 35/8'/ 3 3 7873, +& 3* 2+ 2*63 2+ 35&3 2+ 3* 5+ *+ +&5+&/+ +& 6+3> A&/+* 2+ +&/3 3 3+&/32 3 +&/+ 2+ 38+&/3>& *+ 2*/75=+ +& @ *+6+&/&+* &/3&2 *5* 45?*, +*6+/<38+&/+, 6 * &/32+* 2+ 45?# A 3 +&/323 2+ 323 *+6+&/& *+ /+&+ &*/332* 83&>8+/* &232+* 2+ 6+*>& = 3383* 6 73? 45? (K)# A 3 *323 2+ 3 *+>& 2+ 323>& 323 *+6+&/& 5+&/3 & 5& &232 2+ /+86+3/53 & 65&/ 2+ &*3 = & 3383 6 3/3 /+86+3/53# L* *+6+&/&+* 5+ *3+& 2+ 3+&/32 *+ 3563& +& 63+* 483&2 53/ 37+:3+* +&+3+* 2+ *323# E& 323 37+:3 /+&+ +*/32+* 2+ /+86+3/53 + &232+* & 65&/* 2+ &*3, 3* 8 3383* 6 3/3 /+86+3/53 = /387.& &232+* 2+ 6+*> L3 453 $#1 85+*/3 + 23383 2+ 3+&/32 3 45+ 2+/ BA-1101, = 5+ +* + 7?+/ 2+ +*/52 633 +*/+ /373?#
34
A&'** E&+./ 2+ C3+&/32 3 45+ D+/ BA-1101 633 7/+&+ *5 +4+&3
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VV (E# 1)
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+& 3Q@ VV (E# $) D&2+9 ! ABS# W C3 37*72 6 + 452 2+ 6+* !LIB W C3 7+32 6 + 875*/7+ !PERD# W C3 //3 6+22 +& + +56
E 3 7+32 6 + 875*/7+ (!LIB) *+ 2+4&+ +& 3 +53>& 9
+& 3Q@VV (E# ) D&2+9 LH" W P2+ 34 73? 2+ 875*/7+# HA W C3 *+&*7+ 2+ 3+ 3 3 +&/323 2+ 3+&/32#
32
A&'** E&+./ 2+ C3+&/32 3 45+ D+/ BA-1101 633 7/+&+ *5 +4+&3
HF
W C3 *+&*7+ 2+ 875*/7+ 3 3 +&/323 2+ 3+&/32#
HM W C3 *+&*7+ 2+ 8+2 2+ 3/8:3>& 3 3 +&/323 2+ 3+&/32# F5? 2+ 87# W E* + 45? 2+ 875*/7+#
E 3 //3 6+22 +& + +56 (! PERD#) *+ 65+2+ 2+4& 89
+& 3Q@VV (E# ) D&2+9 !RW C3 6+22 3 /3<.* 2+ 63+2+* 2+ 3+&/32# !SW C3 6+22 6 * 3*+* 2+ @8+&+3
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η
=
Q LIB− Q PERDIDO Q LIB
X 100 VV (E# )
3
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CAPITULO III C1+$u+, "e +' E/#$#en$#' Ene.0*#$' "e+ C'+en*'",. BA-4
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kcal / m
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A)
D+/+8&3>& 2+ 62+ 34 2+ 3* &3/53
L* 62++* 34* *56+ + &4+ (PCS = PCI +*6+/<38+&/+) *+ +&5+&/3& +& 3 T373 $#A 2+ A&+
FRAC#
PCS
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COMP#
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(XCALQM)
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0#0000
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PCI8
LBQPIE
ρ
1J,K0
0#0$ 0#0J$%
$#01%J 0#110%JJJ1
$0$ $,$#0
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PCI
A&'** E&+./ 2+ C3+&/32 3 45+ D+/ BA-1101 633 7/+&+ *5 +4+&3
PCSm = η * PCS FRM = PM * η
Fraccion Molar =
PCLm =
ρ =
FRM Σ
FRM
PCL Fraccion Molar
Fraccion Molar LB/PIE 3
PCSt = 8569.56 kcal / m 3 PCIt = 10055.61 kcal / m
B)
Qs =
Qs =
3
D+/+8&3>& 2+ 3 *58&*/32 3 C3+&/32
F PCSt F PCIt
37
A&'** E&+./ 2+ C3+&/32 3 45+ D+/ BA-1101 633 7/+&+ *5 +4+&3
T83&2 + PCS/ Qs
=
58806809kcal / hr
C& PCI/ Qs
=
C)
53233558kcal / hr
D+/+8&3>& 2+ 6.223* /.83* 6 + /+@
P33 2+/+8&3 3 6.223 2+ 3 6 /+@ *+ &++*/3 + '+3 2+ /+@ (A) = 3 /+86+3/53 8+23 2+ .*/+ (T8), + 3 6+22 6 &<+>& = 323>& (H*)# E '+3 2+ /+@ *+ 7/+&+ 2+ 83&53 2+ 3+&/32 (K)#
Qt = A * (Tm − Ta) * Hs Hs
=
22.50kcal / kg
Qf = 60972.25kcal / hr
D) D+/+8&3>& 2+ 6.223* /.83* 6 63+2+*
S+ +5++ &+ 3 T+86+3/53 8+23 (T8) +& 3* 63+2+* 2+ 3+&/32, +*/+ 23/ *+ /+&+ 2+ 386#
39
A&'** E&+./ 2+ C3+&/32 3 45+ D+/ BA-1101 633 7/+&+ *5 +4+&3
#
Qp
=
A * (Tm − Ta ) * Hs
Qp
=
690881kcal / hr
E)
D+/+8&3>& 2+ 6.223* /.83* 6 + 6*
P33 3 7/+&>& 2+ 3 6.223 2+ 3 6 + 6*, 2+7+8* &+ 3 T+86+3/53 8+23 (T8) 3 3 5+ *+ +&5+&/3 + 6* 2+ 3+&/32
Qf = A * (Tm − Ta ) * Hs Qf = 6859kcal / hr
F)
D+/+8&3>& 2+ 6.223* /.83* +& 3*+* 2+ 875*/>&
E*/3 6+223 +&+38+&/+ +* 3 86/3&/+, 65+* +* *&43 3 83= 6.223 2+ +56 (1$)# L* 23/* 633 3 2+/+8&3>& 2+ 6.223* /.83* 633 * 3*+* 2+ 875*/>& *+ 85+*/3& +& 3 453 #1 = + '5 633 + ++* 2+ +& +& + 3+&/32 *+ +&5+&/3& +& 3 453 #$#
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33 An1+#s#s E$,n5m#$, E& &<+87+ 2+ 3 63*32 *+ 625? 5& 387 2+ /57* +& + 3+&/32 BA1101, 2+ /57* ** 6 /57* 3+/32*, 633 5&3 83= /3&*4++&3 2+ 3, 5+ 358+&/33 3 +4+&3, *+ 867> 5+ 53&//3/<38+&/+ 3 +4+&3 * 358+&/># E& 3 '43 #1 *+ 7*+<3 5+ + &*58 2+ 3* 875*/7+ +& + 8+* 2+ &<+87+ +* 0, 6+ *+ 2+7+ 3 5+ *+ +&&/373 45+3 2+ 6+3>&, = 3&/+* 2+ &<+87+ + &*58 2+ 3* 875*/7+ *373 +&/+ * K0 = 100 MMPCM (M&+* 2+ P+* C7* M+&*53+*) = 2+*65.* 2+ 5& &*58 *+ +&5+&/3 +&/+ * 0 = J0 MMPCM#
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