OKJ]GSKC CM ADLMDAM^AK JA_AG J]^ZF ZM@ADK^AF CM SMZAZ A MG X^FNGM@K CM AD_ MZSALKJAFD AD_MZSALKJAFD X^MGA@ADK^ Xrfomsfr Mcacsfd Oumdtms www.prfomsfrmcacsfdoumdtms.jf` jkpkjatkjafdHprfomsfrmca jkpkjatkjafdH prfomsfrmcacsfdoumdtms.jf` csfdoumdtms.jf`
AD_MZSALKJAÚD AD_MZSALK JAÚD JAMDSÀOAJK JAMDSÀOAJK Q SMZAZ CM L^KC KCF F ‚ GK AC ACMK Jfdtmdacf ;.- Gk acmk. >.- Oumdtms cm acmks. :.- Jratmrafs pkrk lmdmrkr acmks. advmstalkjaúd prmga`adkr 3.- Gk advmstalkjaúd
Fnbmtavf Lmdmrkr acmks pkrk advmstalkr cmscm udk pmrspmjtavk jamdtàoajk.
;.- Gk acmk Ms mg Xksf ; cmg prfjmsf cm advmstalkjaúd Xksf Xk sf ; Jfdjmnar gk acmk (mgmlar mg tm`k).
Xkrk adajakr udk advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd aúd sm dmjmsatk dmjmsatk udk acmk. Gks acmks pumcmd prfvmdar cm castadtks oumdtms y jfd ormjumdjak sfd vklks y cmnmd trkcujarsm md prfngm`ks jfdjrmtfs cm advmstalkjaúd. (Zk`pamra, >8;8).
¶Jú`f jfdjmnar gk acmk6 ;. Jf`amdj Jf`amdjm m pfr gf qum gm adtmrmsk Zmgmjjafdm acmks f tm`ks cm ërmks qum gm adtm adtmrms rmsmd md y md gks gks qum sm cmsmdvumgvm cmsmdvumgvm jfd okjagackc, jfdfjm namd y gf `ftAL_d. `ftAL_d. Xumcmd smr2 ]dk prmfjupkjaúd. ]d ksudtf. Kglf qum rmquamrm sfgujaúd. Kglf qum gm adtmrmsm.
>. Mgknfr Mgknfrm m udk gastk cm acmks Msjrank md ud përrkof jkck ud cm gks acmks smgmjjafdkcks. Jf`ádtmgks Jf`ádtmgks jfd sus jf`pkûmrfs, sus k`alfs, su ok`agak, prfomsfrms, mtj.
Mbm`pgf ;
Gastk Ga stk cm acmks acmks
;) Mg prfjmsf cm kprmdcazkbm md gks >) :) 3) =) ?)
udavmrsackcms cm gk Jauckc cm Skjdk. Gkss frlkdazkjafdms m`prmskrakgms cmg pkàs. Gk G k mdsmûkdzk jfd emrrk`amdtks \mn >.8. G k tmgmvasaúd tmgmvasaúd y mg daûf. G k skguc cm gk pfngkjaúd. Gkss rmofr`ks tranutkraks md mg pkàs. Gk
Gks advmstalkjafdms sm fraladkd k pkrtar cm acmks.
Kjj f t kd K kdc c f gk g k ac a c mk ¶Jú`f trkdsatkr cmg tm`k k`pgaf kg tm`k mdofjkcf6 :. Mgab Mgabk k ud tm`k Gastk cm Acmks
Mbm`pgf >
Mvkgòm y smgmjjaf smgmjjafdm dm udk acmk f tm`k. Dfr`kg`mdtm, mstk mgmjjaúd gf ggmvkrë k udk acmk lmdmrkg f tm`k k`pgaf qum cmnm kjftkrsm. Kjftkr saldaoajk prmjaskr f mdofjkr mg tm`k.
3. Kjftm mg t m`k k`pgaf Xumcm ekjmrgf `mcakdtm prmlud prmludtks tks sfnrm sfnrm mg tm`k tm`k md sà y su jfdt jfdtmx mxtf tf22 ¶Cúdcm6 ¶[uá6 ¶Jú`f6 ¶Juëdcf6 ¶Xfrquá6
=. Sm`k mdofjkcf Xkrk rmckjtkr mg tm`k mdofjkcf, mdofjkcf, rmvasm gk gatmrkturk y vmk jú`f jú`f sm mdofjkd mdofjkd ftrfs ftrfs tm`ks sm`mbkdtms. Xrmjasm gk orksm orksm y klrmlu klrmlum m ud vmrnf vmrnf kg adajaf.
Gks frlkd frlkdazkjafdms azkjafdms m` m`prmskrakgms prmskrakgms (Zfgmr, >881)
¶[uá gm adtmrmsk6 ‐Gks frlkdazkjafdms m`prmskrakgms cmg pkàs‐. pkàs‐. Sm`k k`pga f. Xfcràk smr 2 ‗mg mstrás gknfrkg cmdtrf cm gks frlkdazkjafdms‐. Kjft Kj ftm m mg tm` k k`pga k`p ga f . ¶X ¶Xfr fr qu á sm prfcujm62 jkrkjtmrazkr gfs okjtfrms qum prfcujmd mg mstrás gknfrkg. ¶Cúdcm62 md gks Xy`ms. Sm`k mdofjk mdofjkcf2 cf2 Xfcràk smr2 ‗jkrkjtmrazkjaúd cm gfs okjtfrms qum prfcujmd mg mstrás gknfrkg md gfs trknkbkcfrms cm gks Xy`ms cm gk Jauckc cm Skjdk‐. Skjdk‐.
Mbm`pgf :
(Zk`pamra,, >8;8) >8;8) G k tmgmvasa tmgmvasaúd úd y mg daûf (Zk`pamra
¶[uá gm adtmrmsk6 ‐Gk tmgmvasaúd y mg daûf‐. daûf‐. Sm`k k`pgaf. k`pg af. Xfcràk smr2 ‗gfs usfs qum ekjm mg daûf cm gk tmgmvasaúd‐. Skjdk Sm`k mdofj kcf. Xfcràk smr2 ‗mg tapf cm jfdtrfg qum md gk Jauckc cm Skjdk mbmrjmd gfs pkcrms sfnrm sus eabfs md rmgkjaúd jfd gk kjtavackc cm vmr tmgmvasaúd‐.
Kjftkr saldaoajk mdofjkr mdofjkr mg tm`k.
Acmk Acm ks cm c m advmstalk advmstal kja jaúd úd Jfdjmpjaúd Jfdjmpjaúd cm acmks cm advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd aúd Mbm`pgf 3
G ks rmofr`ks rmofr`ks tranutkraks md mg pkàs (Zk`pamra, >8;8)
¶[uá gm adtmrmsk6 Za mstucak mstucak Cmrmje Cmrmjef f Oasjkg Oasjkg,, tkg vmz gks ‗rmofr`ks tranutkraks md mg pkàs‐. pkàs‐.
Mgabk ud tm`k k`pgaf . Cm gks rmofr`ks tranutkraks, pfcràk `fstrkr mg AL_ gk ‗vkgfrkjaúd ‗vkgfrkjaúd cm gfs momjtfs momjtfs cm gks rmjamdtms rmjamdtms rmofr`ks rmofr`ks kg AL_‐. AL_‐. Kjft Kj ft m mg tm` k k`pga k`p ga f . Ms dmjmskr dmjmskraf af kefd kefdckr ckr y prmjask prmjaskrr mg tm`k, tm`k, pfr mbm`pg mbm`pgf2 f2 ¶Md ¶M d qu á sml`mdtf6 2 ‗mvkgukr ‗mvkgukr mg momjtf cm gk rmjamdtm rmjamdtm rmofr`k rmofr`k kg kg AL_ md ud ud sml`mdtf sml`mdtf cm jfdtranuy jfdtranuymdtms, mdtms, calk`fs calk`fs gfs `ácajfs `ácajfs cm gk Jauckc Jauckc cm Skjdk‐. Skjdk‐. ¶mgg momjtf md j ukdtf k quá6 K gf `mbfr, Kòd cmnm kjftkr `ës2 ¶m `mbfr, gf rmomrmdtm kg davmg cm rmjkuckjaúd oasjkg. Sm`k mdof jkcf . Mdtfdjms Mdtfdjms gk advmstalkjaú advmstalkjaúd d sm jmdtrkràk jmdtrkràk md mg ‗kdëgasas ‗kdëgasas cm tkg rmofr`k y mg momjtf md gfs davmgms cm rmj kuckjaúd mdtrm `ácajfs qum trknkbkd pfr su jumdtk‐ jumdtk‐ (prfomsafdkg (prfomsafdkgms ms adcmpmdcamd adcmpmdcamdtms tms qum trknkbkd trknkbkd md sus sus jfdsugtf jfdsugtfrafs rafs y qum m`atmd okjturks okjturks pfr sus sus smrvajaf smrvajafs). s).
Kg oadkg cm gk advmstalkjaú d , carë sa gk rmofr`k ku`mdtú, ku`mdtú, `kdtuvf `kdtuvf f cas`aduyú cas`aduyú mg `fdtf tftkg cm rmjkuckjaúd cm cajek pfngkjaúd cm jfdtranuymdtms y gks rkzfdms (mxpgajkjaúd cmg pfrquá adjrm`mdtú, jfdsmrvú f rmcubf mg `fdtf rmjkuckcf). rmjkuckcf). Gf kdtmrafr kdtmrafr a`pgajkràk a`pgajkràk df súgf jf`pkrkr jf`pkrkr gks mstkcàstajks mstkcàstajks cm rmjkuckjaúd rmjkuckjaúd prmvaks prmvaks y pfstmrafrms pfstmrafrms k gk rmofr`k md pkrtajugkr pkrtajugkr,, sadf mdtrmvastkr mdtrmvastkr k udk `umstrk `umstrk cm `ácajfs `ácajfs md gk jauckc jauckc cfdcm sm cmskrrfggk cmskrrfggk gk advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd. aúd.
Gk advmstalkjaúd lmdmrk jfdfja`amdtf.
Acmk Acm ks cm c m advmstalk advmstal kja jaúd úd Jfdjmpjaúd Jfdjmpjaúd cm acmks cm advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd aúd Mbm`pgf =
Gk skguc s kguc cm gk pfngkjaúd (Zfgmr, >881)
¶[uá gm adtmrmsk6 Za ms dutrajafdastk, tkg vmz ‗gk ‗ gk skguc cm gk pfngkjaúd‐. pfngkjaúd ‐. Sm`k k`pg af . Xfcràk mgmlar gk ‗skguc kga`mdtkrak‐. Kjft Kj ft m mg tm` k k`pga k`p ga f . [um smk ud kspmjtf cm gk skguc kga`mdtkrak. ¶[uá6 2 ‗jfdtk`adkjaúd cm gfs kga`mdtfs pfr `kgks prkjtajks‐. Ms kòd k`pgaf. ¶[uá ¶[ uá tapf cm `kgk prëjtajk62 pfr mbm`pgf, sa sm jfrtk gk jkcmdk cm oràf, gfs
kga`mdtfs qumckd mxpumstfs k jfdtk`adkjafdms `ajrfnafgúlajks. Sm`k mdof jkcf . Mdtfdjms gk advmstalkjaúd pfcràk jmdtrkrsm md2 ‐ kgtmrkjaúd cmg jfgfr y mg sknfr md gfs ogkdms adcust rakgms cm sknfr vkadaggk jukdcf sm jfrtk gk jkcmdk cm oraf‐.
Mbm`pgf ?
Zmdtacf cm vack y gfs trknkbkcfrms (Zk`pamra, >8;8)
Sm`k k`pg af . Za Za mstucak mstucak Cmskrrfggf Cmskrrfggf Eu`kdf, Eu`kdf, gm pumcmd pumcmd adtmrmskr adtmrmskr gfs tm`ks tm`ks jf`f jf`f ‗smdtac smdtacf f cm vack vack y gfs trknkb trknkbkcf kcfrms rms‐, ‐, pmr pmrf f ástfs ástfs sfd `uy `uy lmdmrkgms. Ms dmjmskraf cmga`atkrgfs. cmga`atkrgfs. ¶Zmdtacf cm vack6, ¶cmscm quá úptajk6 úptajk6 Xfcràk smr qum gm adtmrmsm adtmrmsm advmstalkr advmstalkr ¶quá davmgms davmgms cm smdtacf cm vack tamdmd gfs trknkbkc trknkbkcfrms frms cm cm gk adcustrak adcustrak kzujkrmrk kzujkrmrk md gk Jauckc Jauckc cm Skjdk6, cmscm gk pmrspmjtavk pmrspmjtavk AL_ cm gk gflftmrkpak. gflftmrkpak. Sm`k Mdofjkcf Mdo fjkcf . Mdtfdjms Mdtfdjms su trknkbf trknkbf jfdsastaràk jfdsastaràk md udk udk ‗mvkgukjaúd ‗mvkgukjaúd cmg smdtacf smdtacf cm vack, vack, jfd ud adstru`mdtf adstru`mdtf jf`f jf`f mg tmst cmg Cr. Cr. Xeag, md mg Adlmda Adlmdaf f Luknar Luknarë‐, ë‐, pfr mbm`pgf. mbm`pgf.
Gk advmstalkjaúd lmdmrk jfdfja`amdtf.
Acmk Acm ks cm c m advmstalk advmstal kja jaúd úd Jfdjmpjaúd Jfdjmpjaúd cm acmks cm advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd aúd Mbm`pgf <
M`nkrkzf M`nk rkzf mjtúpajf mjtúpaj f (Zk`pamra, >8;8)
mstucak @mca @mcajad jadk k y cmjacm cmjacm advmsta advmstalkr lkr sfnrm sfnrm mg Sm`k k`pg af . Za mstucak ‗m`nkrkzf mjtúpajf‐, mjtúpajf‐, cmnm cmga`atkr cmga`atkr su tm`k y unajkrgf md ud jfdtmxtf jfdtmxtf jfdjrmtf. jfdjrmtf. Sm`k mdof jkcf . Xfr mbm`pgf2 ‗jf`pgajkjafdms cmg m`nkrkzf mjtúpajf‐. Mdtfdjms pumcm momjtukr ud mstucaf cm jksf (f jksfs `ògtapgms, calk calk`f `fs s =, qum qum sm ekykd ekykd prms prmsmd mdtk tkcf cf md efsp efspatk atkgm gms s cm gk jauc jauckc kc). ).
Mbm`pgf 5
Mg prfjmsf prfj msf cm kprmdcazkbm md gks udavmrsa udavmrsackcms ckcms
‗ mg prfjmsf prfjmsf cm kprmdcaz kprmdcazkbm kbm md gks [uá gm adtmrmsk6 Zupfdlk qum smk ‗mg udavmrsackcms‐. udavmrsackcms‐. Xfcràk smr2 mg ‗kprmdcazkbm ‗kprmdcazkbm cm gfs mstucakdtms mstucakdtms cm Sm`k k`pgaf. Xfcràk Adlmdamràk‐ Sm`k mdofj kcf. Xfcràk smr2 ‗mstucaf jf`pkrktavf cm gfs mstagfs cm kprmdcazkbm cm gfs mstucakdtms cmg ;mr. sm`mstrm cm adlmdamràk md gks udavmrsackcms cm gk Jauckc cm Skjdk‐. Mstk advmstalkjaúd advmstalkjaúd pmr`atarë pmr`atarë gumlf lmdmrkr lmdmrkr prmludtks pkrk mg pgkdtmk`amd pgkdtmk`amdtf tf cmg prfngm`k prfngm`k jf`f2 ¶quá tájdajks tájdajks sm pumcmd kpgajkr kpgajkr smlòd mg mstagf cm kprmdcazkbm cm jkck mstucakdtm6
Gk advmstalkjaúd lmdmrk jfdfja`amdtf.
Acmk Acm ks cm c m advmstalk advmstal kja jaúd úd Jfdjmpjaúd Jfdjmpjaúd cm acmks cm advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd aúd Mbm`pgf 1
G k mdsmûkdzk jfd jf d emrrk`amdtks emrrk`amdtks \mn \mn >.8
Cfjmdt dtm m y cmjac cmjacm m advms advmstal talkr kr sfn sfnrm rm ‗gk Sm`k k`pg af . Za ms Cfjm mdsmûkdzk mdsmûkdzk jfd emrrk`amdtks emrrk`amdtks \mn >.8‐2 >.8‐2 su a`pkjtf a`pkjtf jukdcf jukdcf sm gks utagazk utagazk jf`f rmjursf rmjursf pmcklúl pmcklúlajf ajf md kugk. Sm`k mdof jkcf . Xfr mbm`pgf2 ‗su momjtf sfnrm sfnrm mg kutfjfdjmptf kutfjfdjmptf cm gfs mstucakdtms udavmrsatkrafs cm gk Jauckc cm Skjdk‐. Skjdk‐. Mdtfdjms, Mdtfdjms, pumcm momjtukr momjtukr udk advmsta advmstalkjaúd lkjaúd mxpmra`mdtk mxpmra`mdtkgg jfd ud lrupf cm mstucakdtms jfd gfs jukgms utagajm cajeks emrrk`amdtks curkdtm curkdtm ud sm`mstr sm`mstrm9 m9 kg oadkg oadkg cm gk advm advmstal stalkja kjaúd, úd, sm ekrë ekrë udk jf`pkrkjaúd mdtrm mg kutfjfdjmptf `mcacf (jfd mg tmst KO=) kg adajaf adajaf y kg oadkg oadkg cm gk mxpmra mxpmramdj mdjak. ak.
Mbm`pgf ;8
Kjumrcfs Kj umrcfs jf`mrj jf`mrjakgms akgms adtmrdkjafdms adtmrdkjafdms (Zk`pamra, >8;8)
Za mstucak mstucak Jf`mrjaf Jf`mrjaf Adtmrdk Adtmrdkjafdkg jafdkg y mg tm`k mgmlacf mgmlacf ms Sm`k k`pg af . Za ‗kjumrc kjumrcfs fs jf`mrja jf`mrjakgm kgms s adtmrdkj adtmrdkjafd afdkgm kgms s cm Xmrò Xmrò y gk prfcujja prfcujjaúd úd klrfadcustrakg‐, klrfadcustrakg‐, pumcm kjftkrgf kjftkrgf y mspmjaoajkr mspmjaoajkr quá kjumrcfs. kjumrcfs. Xfr mbm`pgf ¶jfd quaád6 2 jfd gk JKD JKD f jfd mg @mrjfsu @mrjfsur r ¶Md qu quá á smdtacf f ërmk cm gk prfcujjaúd klrfadcustrakg62 md mg ogubf cm jf`mrjaf jfd gk sfyk. Sm`k mdof jkcf . Xfcràk Xfcràk smr2 ‗kdkgazkr ‗kdkgazkr mg mg momjtf momjtf md md mg ogubf ogubf cm jf`mrjaf jf`mrjaf mdtrm gfs oar`kdtms oar`kdtms cmg kjumrcf kjumrcf md md gk prfcujjaúd prfcujjaúd cm sfyk sfyk y cmravkcfs‐. cmravkcfs‐.
Gk advmstalkjaúd lmdmrk jfdfja`amdtf.
>.- Oum Oumdt dtms ms cm acmk a cmkss ¶Juëgms sfd gks oumdtms cm acmks pkrk udk advmstalkjaúd6 Zfd `uy castadtks y vkrakcks Gk mxpmramdjak adcavacukg cmg advmstalkcfr jf`f pmrsfdk, jf`f mstucakdtm mstucakdtm f jf`f cfjmdtm. Gfs `ktmrakgms msjratfs msjratfs (ganrfs, rmvastks jamdtàoajks, jamdtàoajks, pmraúcajfs y tmsas), vacmfs, jfdomrmdjaks, ofrfs, prflrk`ks cm cm rkcaf f S_ S_.. Adofr`kjaúd caspfdangm md Adtmrdmt Adtmrdmt (pëladks wmn, ofrfs cm casjusaúd). Gàdmks Gàdmks cm advmstalkja advmstalkjaúd úd cm su Okjugtkc.
Advmstalk Advmstalkjafdm jafdms s y gmjturk cm tmsas tmsas cm jf`pkûmr jf`pkûmrfs fs qum gm prmjmcamrf prmjmcamrfd. d. Smfràks, cmsjunra`amdtfs, fnsmrvkjaf fnsmrvkjafdms dms cm emjefs. emjefs. Jfdvmrskjaf Jfdvmrskjafdms dms pmrsfdkgm pmrsfdkgms, s, adtuajafdm adtuajafdms s y prmsmdta` prmsmdta`amdtf amdtfs. s.
Xfr ògta`f
^mogmxafdms kjmrjk cm udk udk `ktmrak `ktmrak qum mstucaú, mstucaú, ud trknkbf qum qum cmskrrfggú.
Za sm gm caoajugtk fntmdmr ud tm`k tm`k f pgkdtmkr pgkdtmkr udf, kjuárcmsm cm gks `ktmraks qum `ës gm lustkrfd y gfs jfdtmdacfs jfdtmdacfs qum `ës gm adtmrmskrfd. Gks acmks prfvamdmd cm castadtks oumdtms.
:.- Jrat Jratmrafs mrafs pkrk lmdmrkr acmks acmks Jratmrafs pkrk lmdmrkr numdks acmks ;
(Zk`pamra, >8;8)
Cmnmd smr Cmnmd smr kgm kgmdtkcfrk dtkcfrks, s, m`fjafdkdtms, m`fjafdkdtms, adsparkcfrk adsparkcfrkss pkrk mg advmstalk advmstalkcfr cfr . Md gk `mcack qum gf msta`ugmd y `ftavmd, sm jf`pmdmtrkrë `ës jfd gk g k advmstalkjaúd y tmdcrë udk `mbfr prmcaspfsajaúd pkrk skgvkr gfs fnstëjugfs qum sm prmsmdtmd.
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Df sfd dmjmskrak`mdtm dmjmskrak`mdtm dumvks, dumvks, pmrf sà dfvmcfsks . Md fjksafdms fjksafdms ms dmjmskraf dmjmskraf kjtukgazk kjtukgazkrr mstucafs mstucafs prmvafs prmvafs f kckptkr kckptkr gfs pgkdtmk`amdtf pgkdtmk`amdtfs s cmravkcfs cmravkcfs cm advmstalkjafd advmstalkjafdms ms momjtukck momjtukcks s md jfdtmxtfs jfdtmxtfs caomrmdtm caomrmdtms, s, f jfdcujar jamrtfs jamrtfs pgkdtmk`amdtfs k trkvás trkvás cm dumvfs jk`adfs.
Sk`naád :
Xumcmd Xum cmd smrvar pkrk ofr`ugkr ofr`ugkr tmfràks tmfràks y sfgujafdkr prfngm`ks . Xumcmd jfdcujar k udk advmstalkj advmstalkjaúd aúd qum qum kyucm kyucm k ofr`ugkr ofr`ugkr f prfnkr prfnkr udk udk tmfràk. tmfràk. F lmdmrkr lmdmrkr dumvfs dumvfs `átfcfs `átfcfs cm rmjfgmjtkr y kdkgazkr cktfs. Md ftrfs jksfs, ckd fralmd k advmstalkjafdms qum kyuckd k rmsfgvmr prfngm`ks. prfngm`ks. Ksà, pfr mbm`pgf, mbm`pgf, udk advmstalkjaúd casmûkck pkrk kdkgazkr kdkgazkr gfs okjtfrms okjtfrms qum prfvfjkd prfvfjkd jfdcujtks jfdcujtks cmgajtavks cmgajtavks md gfs kcfgmsjmdt kcfgmsjmdtms ms jfdtranuar jfdtranuarë ë kg mstkngmja`a mstkngmja`amdtf mdtf cm prflrk` prflrk`ks ks caralacfs caralacfs k rmsfgvmr rmsfgvmr prfngm`ks prfngm`ks cm cmgadjumdj cmgadjumdjak ak buvmdag. buvmdag.
3
Xumcmd Xumcm d smrvar pkrk lmdmrk lmdmrkrr dumvfs adtmrrflkdtms y jumstafdk`amdtfs . K vmjms udk advmstalkjaúd ggmvk k lmdmrkr `ës prmludtks qum rmspumstks. Gks numdks acmks cmnmd kgmdtkr kg Advmstalkcfr.
3.- Gk advmstalkjaúd prm pr mga`a ga`adkr dkr Gk a`pfrtkdjak cm gk advmstalkjaúd prmga`adkr Gfs jfdfja`amdtfs prmvafs sfd mg pudtf pudtf cm pkrtack pkrtack cm gk advmst advmstalk alkjaú jaúd. d. Jukdtf Jukdtf `mbf `mbfrr sm jfdfzj jfdfzjk k mg tm`k, tm`k, mg prfjm prfjmsf sf cm koadkr koadkr gk acmk smrë smrë `ës moajamdtm. moajamdtm. Zm rmquamrm, rmquamrm, pfr pfr tkdtf, tkdtf, udk advmstalk advmstalkjaúd jaúd prmga`adkr , qum df ms `ës qum udk rmvasaúd nangaflrëoajk sfnrm mg tm`k mgmlacf, jf`f mstucafs, advmstalkjaf advmstalkjafdms dms y trknkbfs kdtmrafrm kdtmrafrms s (Zk`pamra (Zk`pamra,, >8;8).
¶Md quá kyuck jfdfjmr gf qum sm ek emjef6 ;
K df ad advms vmstata lkr sf sfnr nrm m kglòd kgl òd tm` tm`k k qum qu m yk sm s m ekyk eky k mstuc mst ucakc akcf f k ofdc of dcf f . Xkrk qum udk advmstalkjaú advmstalkjaúd d smk dfvmcfsk, dfvmcfsk, cmnm2 Srktkr ud tm`k tm`k df df mstucakcf. mstucakcf. Xrfoudcazkr md udf pfjf f `mcakdk`m `mcakdk`mdtm dtm jfdfjacf. jfdfjacf. Ckrgm ud vasaúd caomrmdtm addfvkcfrk k ud prfngm`k kudqum yk sm ekyk mxk`adkcf rmpmtack`mdtm (pfr mbm`pgf, mg rmdca`amdtf kjkcá`ajf ms ud tm`k `uy mstucakcf, sad m`nkrlf, sa sm kdkgazk kdkgazk cmscm udk pmrspmjtavks caomrmdtm, caomrmdtm, pfr mbm`pgf, mg momjtf momjtf qum tamdm sfnrm ág gk utagazkjaúd cm emrrk`amdtks \mn >.8 jf`f rmjursf pmcklúlajf md kugk, kugk, sm gm mstë mstë ckdcf ckdcf ud mdofqu mdofqum m dfvmcf dfvmcfsf) sf)..
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K smgmj s mgmjja jafd fdkr kr gk pmr pmrsp spmjt mjtav avk k pra p ra dj djap apkg kg cms cmscm cm gk g k jukg ju kg sm s m knfrc knf rckrë krë gk g k acmk ac mk pradjapkg.. Gk mgmjjaúd cm udk u ftrk pmrspmjtavk tamdm a`pfrtkdtms a`pgajkjafdms md mg pradjapkg cmskrrfggf cm udk advmstalkjaúd. Gk advmstalkjaúd prmga`adkr ms udk rmvasaúd nangaflrëoajk.
Nangaflrkoàk ¶Juëgms sfd gks rmomrmdjaks nangaflrëoajks6
Nangaflrkoàk @mtfcfgflàk cm gk Advmstalk Advmstalkjaúd jaúd - [uadtk [uadtk Mcajaúd. Mcajaúd. ^fnmrtf ^fnmrtf Emrdkdcmz Emrdkdcmz Zk`pamra, Zk`pamra, J. O. O. (>8;8). (>8;8). @mtfcfgflàk @mxajf2 @mxajf2 @jLrkw Eagg. Zfgmr, J. M. (>881). Acmks pkrk advmstalkr. ^fskraf, Krlmdtadk2 Ef`f Zkpamds.
