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?,6,# X_KRKDI^RK_IF $DF^RF 6908) Flr`n`b`lr`~7 Af x`rcfl`l` o÷~vp`bf b` plf cfykr `e`niuibfb ep` plf nkl~fl` `l ak~ b`~frrkaak~ Er`pbiflk~, ^p ckuici`lk b` af l`prkakmãf f af dixlk~i~! b` é~f f af `uknfniþl b` icæm`l`~ rfpcæinf~ y b` fvpã f af aior` f~knifniþl! `~ `txr`~iuk b` af uifaibfb b` af `ukapniþl `þrinf y énlinf b`a xrkxik Er`pb, X`rk af l`n`~ibfb b` nkd`~iklfr ~p mrpxk! b` bfr ~kaib`w f ~p~ b`~frrkaak~ gplk nkl ni`rk~ rf~mk~ b` ~p x`r~klfaibfb! a` dini`rkl ~`r icxafnfoa` nkl ak~ b`~uifnikli~ck~, X`rk yf `lr` ~p~ xrkxik~ bi~nãxpak~ y fcimk~ x`r~klfa`~! ~` erfmpfrkl af~ xric`rf~ `~ni~ikl`~, E`r`lwi ep` plk b` ak~ xric`rk~ y ~p b`~`k b` for`uifr af~ `rfxif~ y ~p ufakr `l ilrkbpnir plf cfykr fniuibfb `l af énlinf ep` krk b` ak~ dik~ il`mrfbkr`~! lkrcfac`l` xf~fbk xkr fak `l af~ r`ui~ikl`~ di~þrinf~ nkl~pafbf~ $F_JK]IRW!D 699?:, MKABE_I@B!C 699?:, MF_EI@AB 694>), ^i oi`l `~ ni`rk vp` af~ bi~`l~ikl`~ bi~`l~ikl`~ ` illkufnikl`~ vp` c`lniklfck~ c`lniklfck~ ~` r`ei`r`l fa il`rikr b` plf b` af~ `~np`af~! af x~inkflfaãinf! lk~ mp~frãf r`~fafr vp` pl `a`c`lk fa vp` ~` a` df xr`~fbk xknf f`lniþl! `~ f af fnipb il`mrfbkrf b` ak~ xric`rk~ fpkr`~ x~inkflfaãink~ x ~inkflfaãink~,,
Af ilr`mfniþl r`þinf7 @a xric`r `tk vp` il`lf ~`r fpélinfc`l` il`mrfbkr `~ `a b` I~ndaklb~ji $69>8)! vpi`l xkr xric`rf u`w il`lf `lnklrfr plf ~ãl`~i~ `lr` af `krãf x~inkflfaãinf y ak~ b`~frrkaak~ nklbpnpfa`~ b` af éxknf, @l `~f rfbiniþl! `a xric`r `tk xpoainfbk `l ilmaé~ y xrkn`b`l` b`a nfcxk x~inkflfaãin x ~inkflfaãink k `~ `a b` Er`lnd $69>>), @l `~f éxknf Er`lnd `~fof xr`knpxfbk nkl af nkrr`~xklb`lnif `lr` ak~ nkl~rpnk~ Xfpakuiflk~ b` ildioiniþl! bie`r`lnifniþl y nklbiniklfci`lk! y nkl ak~ nkln`xk~ x~inkflfaãink~ b` r`xr`~iþl! `a`nniþl b` kog`k ` il~imd, Pl fök cæ~ frb`! Jpoi` $69>2)! `txflbiþ af~ ib`f~ b` Er`lnd! aa`uflbk ~p~ xr`knpxfnikl`~ f nkl~ib`rfr af xk~ioiaibfb b` vp` ak~ e`lþc`lk~ nkck `a nklbiniklfci`lk y af b`~ildioiniþl gpmfofl pl xfx`a icxkrfl` `lr` af r`afniþl `rfxépinf `lr` flfai~f y flfaiwfbk, ^` xkbrãf b`nir! ~il `ckr f `vpiuknfr~`! vp` af di~krif b` af il`mrfniþl `þrinf `l x~ink`rfxif! `~ af di~krif b`a il`lk b` nkcoilfr ak~ `lekvp`~ x~inkflfaãink~ y nklbpnpfa`~! nkck ~`öfaf D`rwo`rm $6920)! lk nifbk xk~`rikrc`l` xkr Bkaafrb y Ciaa`r, @l ~p aiork ‑X~ink`rfxif Fniuf– b`~nrio` nþck af xr`~nrixniþl ~i~`cæinf ~i~`cæinf b` rfofgk xfrf nf~f nf~f xkbãf ~`r p~fbf `l `a nkl`tk b` plf `rfxif x~inkbilæcinf! aa`mflbk f xrkxkl`r `a ci~ck fpkr vp` af piaiwfniþl b` fr`f~ mrfbpfa`~! #0# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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xfrinpafrc`l` `l fvp`aak~ nf~k~ b` xfni`l`~ nkl nklbpnf~ `uifiuf~! iof f ~`r `~x`nifac`l` ÷ia, _`nkc`lbfnikl`~ ~iciafr`~! b` `ler`lfci`lk f af~ ~ipfnikl`~ eþoinf~ xfrf ak~ xfni`l`~! ui`l`l r`nkmibf~ nkck il`ru`lnikl`~ énlinf~ r`faiwfbf~ xkr `a xrkxik Er`pb nkl ‑`a dkcor` b` ak~ akok~– $6989)! nkl ak npfa xkbrãfck~ ilnap~k b`nir vp` pl rfofgk il`mrfbkr `lr` il`ru`lnikl`~ il`rxr`fiuf~ birimibf~ f nkleaink~ ilnkl~ni`l`~ ` il`ru`lnikl`~ fniuf~ xrkckkrf~ b` fnipb`~ b` ferklfci`lk nafrfc`l` bir`niuf~ b`lrk b` af `rfxif ep`rkl `cxa`fbf~ xkr `a xrkxik Er`pb! nr`fbkr b`a x~inkflæai~i~, ^ipfck~ af e`ndf b` 6908 nkck dik b` af xrkkdi~krif vp` b`~nrioick~ xkr dfn`rak nkilnibir nkl `a rfofgk cf~ ileapy`l` xpoainfbk xkr `~` fök! ~` rff nkck d`ck~ c`lniklfbk `l af ilrkbpnniþl! b`a aiork b` Bkaafrb y Ciaa`r ‑X`r~klfaibfb y X~ink`rfxif– $69==), @a eil ÷aick b` `~` aiork `~ `a b` nkcoilfr af uifaibfb uifaibfb b`a x~inkflæai~i~! `a rimkr b`a afokrfkrik ni`lãeink lfprfa lfprfa y ak~ d`ndk~ r`afniklfbk~ nkl af npaprf! `txr`~flbk é~k! ilbpbfoa`c`l`! `a `~xãrip il`mrfbkr vp` ~` uf f r`~xirfr f ak afrmk b` kbk `a `tk, B`~b` `a xr`efnik! ak~ fpkr`~ fpkr`~ il`lfl nafrieinfr vp` af x~ink`rfxif x~ink`rfxif b`oi`rf b` bkfr~` b` plk~ xrilnixik~ m`l`rfa`~! vp` ~i `~k~ ep`~`l rfwklfoa`~ y b` plf `t`l~iþl fxrkxifbf!
b`oi`rfl b` xkb`r ~`r ~`r fxainfbk~ f kbk~ ak~ ixk~ ixk~ b` `rfxif, B` fa ekrcf ekrcf vp` af
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énlinf~
f ak~ xrkoa`cf~ xrkoa`cf~
ileilifc`l` ufrifoa`~ y nkcxa`gk~ b` af `rfxif, Pl `g`cxak nafrk b` af ui~iþl il`mrfbkrf vp` xafl`fl Bkaafrb y Ciaa`r ui`l` `txr`~fbf `l `a ~pcfrik b`a nfxipak 6= ~kor` /Rrfl~e`r`lnif7 r`~xp`~f~ m`l`rfaiwfbf~ `l af ~ipfniþl `rfxépinf/,
F ak afrmk afrmk b`a rfofgk rfofgk `rfx`÷ `rfx`÷ink ink fxfr`n`l fxfr`n`l `cknikl`~ `cknikl`~ cpy il`l~f~! il`l~f~! af~ npfa`~ npfa`~ ~kl birimibf~ birimibf~ fa `rfx`pf `rfx`pf y ~`libf~ xkr `a xfni`l` xfni`l` nkck r`fa`~, @~f~ fxfr`n`l b`oibk f vp` af~ nklbinikl`~ x`rci~iuf~ b` af `rfxif b`oiaifl af ildioiniþl y r`xr`~iþl y xkr nkl~impi`l` dfn`l ilnr`c`lfr ~p il`l~ibfb r`afiuf, Bindf~ `lb`lnif~ ~` m`l`rfaiwfl cæ~ il`l~fc`l` dfnif `a `rfx`pf vp` af~ b`cæ~! b`oibk xr`ni~fc`l` f vp` af~ r`~xp`~f~ b` `uifniþl dfnif éa ~kl c`lk~ il`l~f~, Bindf~ r`~xp`~f~ ~kl cpy f c`lpbk af~ vp` xkr dfo`r ~ibk ildioibf~ bprfl` pl afrmk i`cxk! lplnf dfl r`nioibk af fb`npfbf ib`lieinfniþl k r`nklknici`lk, Fa r`nklkn`r bindf~ `cknikl`~! xr`ni~fc`l` xr`ni~fc`l` npflbk `~æl knprri`lbk! knprri`lbk! `a `rfx`pf dfn` xk~ioa` vp` ~` ilrkbpwnfl `l `a rfwklfci`lk b`a xfni`l` y vp` `lr`l f ekrcfr xfr` b` ~p fniuibfb xaflieinfbkrf, F c`lpbk bindf~ r`~xp`~f~ oakvp`fl `a xrkn`~k `rfxépink: fa ib`lieinfraf~ y b`ck~rfr vp` ~kl r`~xp`~f~ m`l`rfaiwfbf~! `a `rfx`pf ckuiaiwf ~p~ ckiufnikl`~ f ~`r rfwklfoa` y ~flk! fypbælbka` xkr nkl~impi`l` f ukau`r f ~p fr`f `rfxépinf b` fpknklknici`lk, Af m`l`rfaiwfniþl m`l`rfaiwfniþl b` af~ r`~xp`~f~ r`~xp`~f~ `ckniklfa`~ `ckniklfa`~ `~ lk ~þak ÷ia ~ilk fcoiél il`uifoa`:`~ famk vp` knprr` lkrcfac`l` `l af ~ipfniþl `rfxépinf y lk #5# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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b`o` ~`r xkr nkl~impi`l` nkl~ib`rfbf nkck l`mfiuf,
Af ileap`lnif b`a rfofgk b` Bkaafrb y Ciaa`r df ~ibk cæ~ oi`l ilbir`nf! ~irui`lbk nkck r`np`rbk b` af xk~ioiaibfb b` af~ xk`lnifaibfb`~ b` af il`mrfniþl, Bprfl` cpndk i`cxk `a x`l~fci`lk il`mrfbkr lk `rf xfr` b`a `lkrlk npaprfa y c`lk~ `l af éxknf b` ak~ 08, Fdkrf! af x~ink`rfxif il`mrfbkrf vp` `~æ cæ~ `~foa`nibf nkck nfcxk `þrink y xrænink! x`rciiræ r`b`~nporir `a rfofgk b` Bkaafrb y Ciaa`r dfni`lbk vp` knpx` `a apmfr vp` a` nkrr`~xklb`,
Ak~ efnrk`~ nkcpl`~7 Ci`lrf~ vp` af il`mrfniþl `þrinf `lefiwf `l af il`mrfniþl b` af~ bie`r`lnif~! af kri`lfniþl b` ak~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ op~nf af fo~rfnniþl fo~rfnniþl b` ~`c`gflwf~ f rfué~ b` af~ af~ bie`r`l`~ `rfxif~, Plk b` ak~ xric`rk~ frãnpak~ vp` flfaiwþ ak~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ `~ `a b` _k~`lw}`im $69>9), @a fpkr nkci`lwf ~p frãnpak c`lniklflbk vp` yf xkr fvp`a `lkln`~! af cfykr xfr` b`
ak~ x~ink`rfx`pf~! x~ink`rfx`pf~!
xr`~`lfofl `l ~p~ `~nrik~ nf~k~ `l ak~ vp` ~p~ ~p~ `rfxif~ dfoãfl ~ibk `e`niuf~, `e`niuf~, Af cfykr xfr` b` ak~ `rfx`pf~ npflbk dfn`l `~f feircfniþl! ~pxkl`l k b`gfl `lr`u`r `l af ci~cf! vp` `a d`ndk b` dfo`r nkl~`mpibk étik `l `a nf~k vp` ~` xr`~`lf! icxainf fplvp` lk ak bimf vp` ~p ib`kakmãf! `krãf y énlinf b` af `rfxif ~` ~` df
xrkofbk nkck u`rbfb u`rbfb y af~ krf~ nkck efa~f~, F gpinik b`a xrkxik
_k~`lw}`im! b`ræ~ b` ak~ cékbk~ x~ink`rfx`÷ink~ piaiwfbk~ y b` af eplbfc`lfniþl `þrinf vp` nkl~ni`l`c`l` ak~ ~p~`lf! dfy il`uifoa`c`l` ni`rk~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ vp` lk ~` r`nklkn`l dfoipfac`l` `l af~ ~ipfnikl`~ `rfxépinf~! efnkr`~ vp` `l cpndf~ knf~ikl`~ ~kl cæ~ icxkrfl`~ vp` fvp`aak~ vp` il`lniklfac`l` dfl ~ibk `cxa`fbk~, Nklil÷f `a fpkr bini`lbk vp` ~`rãf nkln`oioa` y frmpc`lfoa` vp` `a x~inkflæai~i~! xkr `g`cxak! npflbk ~`f `tik~k lk ak ~`f ~þak xkr af xr`~plf u`rbfb b` af~ bknrilf~ b knrilf~ x~inkflfaãinf~ x~inkflfaãinf~ b`a b`~frrkaak m`léink! ~ilk vp` xpbi`rf ~`r vp` `a flfai~f `l af xræninf b` ~p cékbk nf~i ~il vp`r`rak! x`rcif vp` `a xfni`l` r`fain` pl r`nklbiniklfci`lk b` ni`rk~ xfrkl`~ ~knifa`~ ~knifa`~ ilfb`npfbk~ `l ércilk~ b` af ~ipfniþl xr`~`l` `l vp` ~` `lnp`lrf `lnp`lrf `a xfni`l`! e`lþc`lk é~` xp`~ vp` ~` `txainfrãf c`gkr nkl af~ `krãf~ b` Xfpaku vp` nkl af~ b`a xrkxik Er`pb, Xafl`f `a fpkr vp` af `e`niuibfb b` ak~ ~i~`cf~ x~ink`rfx`÷ink~ ~` b`o` cæ~ f ak~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ nkcxfribk~ `lr` `aak~! vp` f af `txainfniþl `þrinf vp` nfbf plk b` ak~ ~i~`cf~ bf, @a fpkr ~pmi`r` ufrik~ efnkr`~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~7 6,#
Af x`r~klfaibfb x`r~klfaibfb b`a `rfx`pf `~ pl efnkr ilu`~imfbk xkr
cpndk~ fpkr`~ y vp` ilbpbfoa`c`l` ~` r`nklkn` nkck pl `a`c`lk nrpnifa `l `a étik b` af~ `rfxif~! b` fa fa ekrcf vp` fa fa lk dfo`r lilmplf lilmplf `rfxif vp` `lmf `a cklkxkaik
b` ak~ op`lk~
`rfx`pf~ é~` ~`rãf krk efnkr nkc÷l xk`lnifa xr`~`l` `l cpndf~ `rfxif~! b` fa ekrcf vp` `~k dini`~` ~`r `tik~f~ f bie`r`l`~ `rfxif~, ?,# Ni`rk r`nklbiniklfci`lk ~knifa ~` xrkbpn` `l npfavpi`r ixk b` x~ink`rfxif ilb`x`lbi`l`c`l` b` ~p eplbfc`lfniþl `þrinf, @a rka nprfiuk vp` r`xr`~`lf `a `rfx`pf! ui`l` b`riufbk b`a xkb`r nprfiuk b`a npfa `~ ilu`~ibk! fnpflbk nkck `a`c`lk `rfxépink f rfué~ b` af e`! af `~x`rflwf y `a b`~`k b` nprfniþl vp` `a xfni`l` aa`uf f af nkl~paf, @a `rfx`pf f ckbk b` ndfcfl k d`ndin`rk d`ndin`rk uf f nprfr, Nkck u`ck~ xp`~! `a rka ~knifa b` `rfx`pf #=# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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i`l` cpndf ileap`lnif `l `a xrkn`~k b` nfcoik! `l af c`bibf vp` `~ nfxfw b` eplniklfr il~xirflbk `~x`rflwf `l ak~ xfni`l`~, >,# Af~ il`rxr`fnikl`~
~kl b` fypbf `l af c`bibf vp` xrku``l
fa`rlfiuf~ y xrkofoa`c`l` ekrcf~ cæ~ xafp~ioa`~ b` `l`lb`r pl xrkoa`cf xfrinpafr, B` fa ekrcf vp` `a fpkr c`lniklf vp` lk `~ fl icxkrfl` ak vp` `a `rfx`pf bimf `l npflk fa nkl`libk b` ~p~ il`rxr`fnikl`~ k fa ~po~rfk `þrink vp` ak ~kxkrf ~ilk vp` r`fac`l`! ak icxkrfl` `~ af nkl~i~`lnif ekrcfa vp` af bknrilf `cxa`fbf i`l`, B` `~f ekrcf! `a xfni`l` r`nio` b`a `rfx`pf pl `~vp`cf nkl~i~`l` vp` a` x`rci` dfn`r~` nfrmk b`a b`a xrkn`~k b` krmfliwfniþl krmfliwfniþl b` ~p x`r~klfaibfb, x`r~klfaibfb, ^i`lbk é~` pl `a`c`lk nkc÷l f bi~ilf~ x~ink`rfxif~ `l af c`bibf vp` xp`b`l xrku``r b` plf of~` ~i~`cæinf xfrf af r`il`mrfniþl b` af x`r~klfaibfb, @l ni`rk ckbk! ak vp` c`lniklf _k~`lw}`im ~`rãf af of~` ~kor` af vp` xk~`rikrc`l` Erflj `afokrf `a nkln`xk b`a cik `þrink `txainfiuk b` af xfkakmãf b`a ~pg`k! nkck plk b` ak~ `a`c`lk~ eplbfc`lfa`~ b` ak~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ vp` fn÷fl nkck nprfiuk~ b`lrk b` npfavpi`r ixk b` x~ink`rfxif, 2,# 2,# F x`~fr b` vp` bi~ilf~ kri`lfnikl`~ `þrinf~ eknfaiwfl eknfaiwfl `l bie`r`l`~ f~x`nk~ b`a eplniklfci`lk eplniklfci`lk dpcflk! nfbf plf b` `aaf~ `aaf~ xp`b` ~`r `e`niuf xkrvp` dfy `e`nk~ ~ilérmink~ b` pl ær`f f krf, B` fa ekrcf vp` ak~ ~pn`~k~ x~inkaþmink~ x~inkaþmink~ ~kl fl nkcxa`gk~ y cpaiefnéink~! vp` xkr ~p xrkxif lfprfa`wf r`~paf nkcxr`l~ioa` vp` dfyf ekrcpafnikl`~ fa`rlfiuf~ nkl nkl~ib`rfoa` gp~ieinfniþl
xfrf nfbf nfbf plf b` af~ `kriwfnikl`~
x~ink`rfx`÷inf~, @l `~` `~` ~`libk y ofgk `~f~ nirnpl~flnif~! nirnpl~flnif~! npfavpi`r il`rxr`fniþl vp` ~` bé f af nklbpnf b` pl ilbiuibpk! xkbrãf r`~pafr xfrnifac`l` fxf xkr aa`ufr b`lrk b` ~i ni`rf nflibfb b` u`rbfb, Xk~`rikrc`l` `a rfofgk b` Fa`tflb`r Fa`tflb`r $6925)! ilnkrxkrflbk ~p
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`tx`ri`lnif `ckniklfa nkrr`nkrf! `~ fcoiél nkl~ib`rfbk nkck plf b` af~ xrkxp`~f~ b` efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ cæ~ icxkrfl`~, F xfr` b` ak~ b`faa`~ énlink~ y b`a ~p~rfk `þrink b` ak~ ci~ck~! npyk nklgplk b`eil` nfbf cékbk `~x`nãeink b` x~ink`rfxif! ni`rf~ npfaibfb`~ ~kl l`n`~frif~ xfrf vp` `a x~ink`rfx`pf xp`bf fxainfr xrku`ndk~fc`l` ~p~ nklknici`lk~ y ko`l`r r`~pafbk~ xk~iiuk~! ~`f npfa ~`f `a cékbk vp` fxaivp`, _iu`rf $694?) r`~pc` `l 5 af~ npfaibfb`~ nkcpl`~ vp` b`o` b` b ` r`plir kbk x~ink`rfx`pf7 6,# @cxfãf kog`iuf ?,# Fn`xfniþl bilæcinf b`a xfni`l` >,# Nfxfnibfb xfrf ka`rfr af a f flmp~if, 2,# Aio`rfb b` af a f nkl~ni`lnif, 0,# Fp~`lnif b` mrfieinfniþl f fp~`lnif~ b`a xfni`l`, x fni`l`, 5,# Ckiufniþl of~fbf plf ~fi~efnniþl b` xpa~ikl`~ nr`fiuf~,
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@~f ~ãl`~i~! ~ãl`~i~! vp` x`rci` `a
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~` b`riuf plf r`nkln`xpfaiwfniþl r`nkln`xpfaiwfniþl `l ércilk~ nkmliiuk nkmliiuk nklbpnpfa`~ b` af r`afniþl rf~le`r`lnifa! rf~le`r`lnifa! ak vp` f lp`~rk gpinik up`au` f r`~pafr krk xiafr icxkrfl` `l af ~ãl`~i~ `þrinf b` ak~ bk~ ckb`ak~ naæ~ink~, R`rcilf bini`lbk `a fpkr! vp` af `krãf b`a fxr`lbiwfg` fxr`lbiwfg` fxfr`n` `l `a ckc`lk xr`~`l` nkck pl `lrfcfbk `þrink cæ~ ~fi~efnkrik ~fi~efnkrik f af dkrf b` `ufapfr ak~ bfk~ ko~`rufniklfa`~ y `~foa`n`r `~foa`n`r f xfrir b` `aak~ m`l`rfaiwfnikl`~ cæ~ ufaibf~, Rfa Rfa y nkck ko~`rufck~ nklilpfc`l` f ak afrmk b` af di~krif b` af ni`lnif y `l b``rcilfbf~ ef~`~ b` af ci~cf~! xrkbpnnikl`~ `þrinf~ b` bie`r`l`~ ` ilb`x`lbi`l`~ fxrkticfnikl`~ f pl xrkoa`cf! `rcilfl il`mrælbk~` af plf nkl af krf, Krk~ fpkr`~ x~inkflfaãink~ x~inkflfaãink~ icxkrfl`~ b` af éxknf! nkck $>4)! ep` plk b` ak~ xric`rk~ vp` fxk~frkl xkr af piaiwfniþl b` énlinf~ b` `rfxif nklbpnpfa! xfrinpafrc`l` xfrf xrkoa`cf~ vp` dfoãfl ~ibk ilbpnibk~ xkr `tx`ri`lnif~ rfpcæinf~, Bprfl` kbf af di~krif b` af il`mrfniþl `l X~ink`rfxif! ak~ `rfx`pf~ b` kri`lfniþl x~inkflfaãinf dfl `~fbk cæ~ bi~xp`~k~ f af piaiwfniþl b` énlinf~ xrku`li`l`~ b` nfcxk~ bie`r`l`~ fa ~pyk! nk~f vp` bprfl` `a i`cxk b` b`~frrkaak b` af `rfxif nklbpnpfa! nkck ~`öfaæofck~ ~`öfaæofck~ fl`~! lk df ~ibk f~ã
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efukr`n`r `a nfcoik nklbpnpfa y nþck ak~ nfcoik~ nklbpnpfa`~ xkr ~p xfr` xp`b`l efniaifr f ~p u`w nfcoik~ nkmliiuk~, _`~paf fafc`l` ~imlieinfiuk ~imlieinfiuk vp` yf `l `a ukapc`l l÷c`rk plk! `a ci~ck fök b` af ilfpmprfniþl b` af r`ui~f / O`dfuikr Rd`rfxy/ ~` xpoaivp` `l af xæmilf 0?? pl frãnpak b` Oirj vp` ~` ipaf / O`dfuikr d`rfxy, Il`mrfikl }id Bylfcin X~yndifry/ , Ilbpbfoa`c`l` é~k xklãf b` cfliei`~k nþck b`lrk b`a xrkxik ckuici`lk nklbpnpfa nkc`lwfof f `l`r ni`rk `nk y f b`~frrkaafr~` il`r`~`~ `~x`nãeink~ xkr af il`mrfniþl b` `~k~ bk~ `lekvp`~, B` fa ekrcf! vp` Oirj ~`öfaf `l ~p rfofgk vp` r`~paf ÷ia y xk~ioa` nkcoilfr af fcxaipb b` cirf~ b` af x~ink`rfxif bilæcinf nkl af~ énlinf~ kx`rfiuf~ b` af ckbieinfniþl ckbieinfniþl b` nklbpnf, Af~ énlinf~ nklbpnpfa`~ xp`b`l ~`r piaiwfbf~ `l `a nkl`tk b` af `rfxif il`rx`r~klfa xfrf `aicilfr k r`bpnir ~ãlkcf~ r`nfanirfl`~ k xfrf il`lfr c`gkrfr ~p `einfnif, Af~ énlinf~ nklbpnpfa`~! f~ã ci~ck! ~kl fcoiél ÷ia`~ xfrf ekrwfr fa `rfx`pf f `~r`ndfr `~r`ndfr ~p x`l~fci`lk! fn`rnf fn`rnf b` ak~ c`nfli~ck~ c`nfli~ck~ b` ekrcfniþl b` ~ãlkcf~ ~ãlkcf~ `l `a xfni`l`, Eilfac`l`! af uifoiaibfb b` af a f piaiwfniþl b` `~f~ énlinf~ nfxfn`~ b` `aicilfr ~ãlkcf~ xp`b`l ~`ruir xfrf fnpfr nkck nffaiwfbkr`~ `l `a x~ink`rfxif! oi`l xfrf forir fa xfni`l` f lp`uf~ `tx`ri`lnif~! k oi`l xfrf nafrieinfr af~ r`~i~`lnif~ vp` xpbi`rfl b` krf ekrcf cfl`l`r~` `lnpoi`rf~, #66# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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R`rcilf bini`lbk `a fpkr $28) vp` af lkniþl b` vp` af x~ink`rfxif x~ink`rfxif bilæcinf y af `rfxif nklbpnpfa ~kl ilnkcxfioa`~ $xrkofoa`c`l` `~f ~p~`lfbf `l `a d`ndk b` vp` cpy xknf m`l` `~f oi`l `lr`lfbf `l fcof~ énlinf~), Fcok~ frãnpak~ frãnpak~ ep`rkl icxkrfl`~ f af dkrf b` iap~rfr af xk~ioiaibfb naãlinf b` af il`mrfniþl b` af~ énlinf~ nklbpnpfa`~ y x~inkflæaiinf~, Fpkr`~ fl xprfc`l` x~inkflfaãink~ nkck $26)! fplvp` b` ekrcf pl flk npibfbk~f! ~pmi`r` af piaiwfniþl b` af~ énlinf~ nklbpnpfa`~ `l ak~ rffci`lk~ flfaãink~ y `a eknfaiwfr fa ci~ck i`cxk af~ il`rxr`fnikl`~ ~kor` af~ x`rn`xnikl`~ vp` `a xfni`l` xfni`l` i`l`! f~ã f~ã nkck ~kor` `a ixk b` icxfnk vp` xrkbpn`l `~f~ `~f~ énlinf~ nklbpnpfa`~ `l af r`afniþl rfl~e`r`lnifa, Xkr krk afbk! `~fofl `~fofl ~pn`bi`lbk pl pl l÷c`rk icxkrfl` b` nfcoik~ b`lrk b` af `krãf y af énlinf x~inkflfaãinf! vp` f ~p u`w `~fofl efniaiflbk `a xrkn`~k b` il`mrfniþl nkl af `rfxif nklbpnpfa, Af `krãf b` af~ r`afnikl`~ kog`fa`~ y af x~inkakmãf b`a yk! dini`rkl vp` `a x~inkflæai~i~ `~pui`~` cæ~ x~inkakmiwfbk $Mplrix! 69=?)! b` fa ekrcf vp` `~k~ b`~frrkaak~ b`lrk b`a xrkxik nfcxk x~inkflfaãink x~inkflfaãink x`rcii`rkl! f ~p u`w! vp` vp` é~` xpbi`rf fn`rnfr~` fn`rnfr~` f ak~ b`~frrkaak~ nkmliiuk~ b`lrk b`a nfcxk nklbpnpfa! efukr`niélbk~` `a xrkn`~k b` ~ãl`~i~ ` il`mrfniþl `þrinf! nkleircfbk xkr af~ `afokrfnikl`~ b` cpndk~ fpkr`~ `l `~f éxknf $_ya`! 69=4! 694?: ]fnd`a! 69==), Xkr krk afbk b`lrk b` ak~ b`~frrkaak~ vp` ~` ilnapy`l i lnapy`l b`lrk b`a nfcxk x~inkflfaãink x ~inkflfaãink!! é~k~ xr`~frkl f`lniþl `lr` krf~ nk~f~ f7af ~`a`nniþl b` kog`iuk~ y af eknfaiwfniþl `rfxépinf $Cfafl! 69=5): plf cfykr f`lniþl f ak~ `e`nk~ b` ak~ nkleaink~ fnpfa`~ `l af uibf b` ak~ xfni`l`~ $2=): plf cfykr f`lniþl f ak~ `~ep`rwk~ fbfxfiuk~ b` af m`l` xfrf r`~kau`r `~k~ ~pn`~k~ fcoi`lfa`~ nkleainiuk~ $Oaflj! 69=5: Aflm~! 69=5): f~ã nkck pl cfykr élef~i~ `l af r`~xkl~foiaibfb b`a xfni`l` dfnif ~p~ ~`lici`lk~ y fnnikl`~ $Fxx`aofpc! 694?), Bprfl` `~` x`rãkbk dfy pl frãnpak icxkrfl` vp` `~icpaf af o÷~vp`bf b` ~ãl`~i~ `lr` af~ `~np`af~ $E`fd`r! 69=?) vpi`l c`lniklf vp` `l c`binilf! c`binilf!
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`þrinf~ y énlinf~ énlinf~ `lr` ak~ bie`r`l`~ cékbk~ `rfxépink~, `rfxépink~, Ak~ fpkr`~ nifl f Cfrckr vpi`l `l `l pl fafrb` b` il`lk b` ~ãl`~i~ nkc`lf /af rfl~afokrfniþl `~ plf ekrcf b` nklbiniklfci`lk kx`rfl` `l `a vp` af fxrkofniþl foi`rf k `lnpoi`rf b`a `rfx`pf k ~p b`~fxrkofniþl! fn÷f ~piac`l` nkck r`ep`rwk k nf~imk/, #6?# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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@l pl frãnpak frãnpak b`a ci~ck fök! fök! E`fd`r $69=?) b`~nrio` nkl b`faa` b`faa` nþck piaiwfl plf énlinf! `l af vp` f rfué~ b` af r`faiwfniþl b` pl `g`rninik b` eflf~ãf birimibf xfrf af ~`a`nniþl b` ak~ nkleaink~ ~poyfn`l`~ y `~n`lf~ `cibf~ f af~ nklbpnf~ eþoinf~ k f ak~ nkcxkl`l`~ ko~`~iuk~ k nkcxpa~iuk~ vp` i`l`l apmfr `l `a xfni`l`! `~ piaiwfbk xfrf r`faiwfr plf `rfxif ~iléinf b` `a`c`lk~ nklbpnpfa`~ y x~inkflfaãink~! ~`öfaflbk ak~ fpkr`~ vp` ak~ nf~k~ b` b`xr`~iþl efukrfoa` `l ak~ nf~k~ b`~nrik~ ~pmi`r`l vp` npflbk af x~ink`rfxif nklbpnpfa `~ fxainfbf f ak~ nkleaink~ n`lrfa`~ ~poyfn`l`~ f ak~ ~ãlkcf~ vp` xr`~`lf `a xfni`l`! af m`l`rfaiwfniþl b` ak~ `e`nk~ `rfxépink~ knprr` nkl cfykr efniaibfb, Ak~ xrkxik~ fpkr`~ c`lniklfbk~ fl`rikrc`l`! r`nkm`l `l af oioaikmrfeãf b` ~p frãnpak frãnpak cpndk~ frãnpak~ frãnpak~ b` E`r`lwi ~`öfaælbka` ~`öfaælbka` f é~` é~` nkck plk b` ak~ ilinifbkr`~ b` plf cfykr fniuibfb `l af `rfxif x~inkflfaãinf, x~inkflfaãinf, F lp`~rk gpinik! gpinik! `a xfx`a b` E`r`lwi nkck `~xãrip il`mrfbkr y ckbieinfbkr ckbieinfbkr
b` af `rfxif x~inkflfaãinf x~inkflfaãinf `l xk~ b` plf cfykr `e`niuibfb! or`u`bfb!
piaiwflbk `~rf`mif~ cæ~ fniuf~ `l rffci`lk x~inkflfaãink! lk df ~ibk r`nklknibk fb`npfbfc`l` `l af di~krif r`faiwf r`faiwfbf bf df~f af e`ndf b` af il`mrfniþl `l x~ink`rfxif, x~ink`rfxif, Xk~`rikrc`l` plk b` ak~ rfofgk~ cæ~ icxkrfl`~! `a b` Oirj $69=2)! `~ plf fcxaifniþl b` ~p xk~iniþl `l ~p xric`r il`lk b` ~ãl`~i~ `l `a fök 69=8, @l `a frãnpak b` 69=2! `a xafl`fci`lk ~iléink vp` r`faiwfl ak~ fpkr`~ ~kor` af~ xk~ioiaibfb`~ b` af nkcoilfniþl b`a x~inkflæai~i~ y af `rfxif nklbpnpfa! f lp`~rk lp`~rk gpinik ~kl! fl fafc`l`
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`t`rlfc`l` ko~`rufoa`~) f plf cfykr frcklãf `l `a `lkrlk eã~ink y ~knifa! b` fa ekrcf vp` af~ nkl~`np`lnif~ b` ~p~ fnk~ `~él `l frcklãf nkl `~` `lkrlk! cfl`li`lbk b` ekrcf b`aio`rfbf af ibik~ilnrf~if b` ~p~ fnnikl`~, @a ckb`ak vp` xrkxkl`l ak~ fpkr`~! op~nf nkcoilfr ak~ f~x`nk~ il`rlk~ y `t`rlk~ b` af fniuibfb: cirflbk f af fpkx`rn`xniþl nkck pl xk`lnifbkr xk`lnifbkr b`a nfcoik nklbpnpfa! nklbpnpfa! y xr`~flbk xr`~flbk f`lniþl f`lniþl f plf `ufapfniþl `ufapfniþl nfbf u`w cæ~ r`fai~f b` ak~ r`ep`rwk~ y nf~imk~ b`a fcoi`l` ~knifa#lfprfa! nkck ckiuk xfrf nklilpfr af fpkr`faiwfniþl of~fbf `l `a il~imd, @~ b`nir! flk `a il~imd! nkck ak~ ~i~`cf~ b` e``bofnj `t`rlk xp`b`l ~`r piaiwfbk~ nklgplfc`l`! xfrf `txkl`r! nafrieinfr y nfcoifr ak~ xfrkl`~ ilbiuibpfa`~ b` r`fnniþl y ak~ xfrkl`~ ilbiuibpfa`~ x`rn`xiuk~! npflbk é~k~ dfl xrkofbk ~p il`einfnif, Plk b` `~f ekrcf! `lnp`lrf af ekrcf b` cfticiwfr af fb`npfniþl! `lr` `a ilbiuibpk! ~p fpk`ufapfniþl! y af x`rn`xniþl b` af r`faibfb `t`rlf! y af r`~xp`~f f `~f r`faibfb y ~p fnpfa xk~iniþl `ti~`lnifa, F gpinik b` ak~ fpkr`~ `a x~inkflæai~i~ y af `rfxif nklbpnpfa lk b`o`l b` r`xr`~`lfr xkr cæ~ i`cxk bk~ ~i~`cf~ b` nr``lnif `l mp`rrf k bk~ rfbinikl`~ naãlinf~ ~`xfrfbf~! ~`xfrfbf~! ~ilk vp` nkck énlinf~! énlinf~! fcof~ xp`b`l ~`r p~fbf~ xfrf r`ekrwfr r`ekrwfr af~ b`oiaibfb`~ `l af nfb`lf `rfxépinf b` af plf k b` af krf,
Plk b` ak~ rfofgk~ cf~ ~imlieinfiuk~ b` `~` x`rãkbk `~ `a b` ]fnd`a $69==)! bi~nãxpak b` Bkaafrb y Ciaa`r $`a xrkxik Bkaafrb ep` plk b` ~p~ xric`rk~ ~px`rui~kr`~ `l x~ink`rfxif), ]fnd`a frmpc`lf vp` `a x~inkflæai~i~ er`pbiflk krkbktk y af~ `rfxif~ nklbpnpfa`~ rfbinfa`~ ~kl xrkofoa`c`l` cpy ilnkcxfioa`~! b` fa ekrcf vp` af il`mrfniþl `lr` fcof~ `~ of~fl` bieãnia, @l nklrf~`! `a ci~ck ]fnd`a x`r~imp` plf il`mrfniþl vp` ilnkrxkr` f af `rfxif nklbpnpfa f~x`nk~ b` ak~ b`~frrkaak~ x~inkflfaãink~ r`afniklfbk~ nkl ak~ `lekvp`~ il`rx`r~klfa`~ $ak~ b` @, @rij~kl! @rij~kl! Dkrl`y y ^paaiufl) vp` `lefiwfofl `a nkl`tk il`rx`r~klfa b`a ilbiuibpk y efukr`nãfl plf cfykr fniuibfb xkr xfr` b`a `rfx`pf! `l nkcxfrfniþl nkl krf~ `~np`af~ x~inkflfaãinf~, x~inkflfaãinf~, @~ naæ~ink `a xafl`fci`lk b` ]fnd`a `l `a `a
vp` af~ il`ru`lnikl`~ il`ru`lnikl`~ nklbpnpfa`~ fniuf~ fniuf~
xp`b`l ~`ruir nkck plf ep`l` xfrf lp`uk~ il~imd: f~ã nkck ak~ il~imd xp`b`l ~`r xrkckkr`~ b` nfcoik~ `l af nklbpnf: i`l`l ~p~ fl`n`b`l`~ `l famplk~ b` ak~ rfofgk~ yf c`lniklfbk~, Af nkln`xniþl b` af x~inkbilfcif nãnainf b` ]fnd`a `~æ r`nkmibf oriaafl`c`l` `l pl `tk xpoainfbk! `l nf~`aaflk! `l 6944, @l `~f bénfbf bénfbf D`a`l ^ilm`r $69=2)! xr`~`lf pl ckb`ak b` x~ink`rfxif ~`tpfa! ~`tpfa! vp` `~ plf nkcoilfniþl b` énlinf~ nklbpnpfa`~ y x~inkbilæcinf~, x~inkbilæcinf~, B`~b` `a xplk b` ui~f b` af `rfxif efciaifr! efciaifr! Mprcfl $69=4) `tfcilþ `tfcilþ af~ xk~ioa`~ xk~ioa`~ nklu`rm`lnif~ `lr` af `rfxif nklbpnpfa! nklbpnpfa! af x~inkflfaãinf x~inkflfaãinf y af `krãf b` ~i~`cf~, F eilfa`~ b` af bénfbf b` ak~ =8! `~ npflbk fxfr`n`l xkr xric`rf u`w ak~ xric`rk~ rfofgk~ b` Fldkly _ya` `l Ilmaf`rrf! il`lflbk `~foa`n`r l`tk b` pliþl `lr` af x~inkakmãf y af~ x~ink`rfxif~ #62# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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nkmliiuf~ y `a x~inkflæai~i~! op~nflbk pl a`lmpfg` nkc÷l b` af x~ink`rfxif f rfué~ b` af r`ekrcpafniþl `l ércilk~ nkmliiuk~ b` af `krãf b` af~ r`afnikl`~ kog`fa`~ b` Efirofil, @~f~ fxkrfnikl`~ ilinifa`~ b` _ya`! f af ~ãl`~i~ b` ak~ ckb`ak~ nkmliiuk~ y x~inkflfaãink~! lk df ~ibk r`nkmibf nkl af icxkrflnif vp` f lp`~rk gpinik i`l` `l af ai`rfprf fc`rinflf b` il`mrfniþl `l x~ink`rfxif,
Ak~ efnrk`~ nkcpl`~7 Bprfl` `~` x`rikbk! _km`r~! ilbir`nfc`l`! nklriopyþ f af kri`lfniþl b` ak~ efnkr`~ nkcpl`~ xrkxkli`lbk vp` af `rfxif `rf `e`niuf! lk flk xkr af piaiwfniþl b` énlinf~ `~x`nãeinf~ ~ilk xkrvp` x`rciãf pl ixk xfrinpafr xfrinpafr b` r`afniþl dpcflf `l `l af npfa `a `a nfcoik xkbãf knprr knprrir, ir, @l `~f bir`nniþl!
Rrpft $69=6) dfn` dilnfxié `l af r`afniþl r`afniþl næaibf y `cxæinf y `l af ileap`lnif xk~iiuf xk~iiuf
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Bieinparfb`~ y nãrinf~ f af ilr`mfniþl7 @l `~` x`rãkbk af~ `~np`af~ bkcilfl`~ `~æl `lerf~nfbf~ `l ~p x`re`nniklfci`lk y cfbprfniþl, Rflk `~ f~ã vp` `l `~f éxknf `~ npflbk cæ~ nriinf~ ~` r`faiwfl f ak~ il`lk~ b` il`mrfniþl! xkr nkl~ib`rfrak~ pl ~p`ök icxk~ioa`, Plf cp`~rf b` ak~ frãnpak~ vp` nriinfofl af~ xk~ioiaibfb`~ b` il`mrfniþl ep` `a b` A`ui~ $69=8) `rfx`pf nklbpnpfa vp` ipafof ~p frãnpak7 /Il`mrfniþl b` af `rfxif nklbpnpfa y af x~ivpifrf bilæcinf7 Pl cfricklik nkl faf~ xk~ioiaibfb`~ b` `rcilfr `l biukrnik/, Bprfl` `~f éxknf! ^wfw~ nkc`lf vp`7 /af bie`r`lnif `lr` af `rfxif b` nklbpnf nkl `a x~inkflæai~i~ `l `a rffci`lk b` af~ l`prk~i~ lk `~ ~iciafr f af bie`r`lnif `lr` af x`liniailf y af f~xirilf `l `a rffci`lk b` af l`pcklãf, @~k~ lk ~kl cékbk~ `rfxépink~ nkcx`iiuk~ npyk ufakr r`afiuk `~ cf`rif b`a gpinik cébink, B` d`ndk! af bie`r`lnif `lr` `aak~! ~` xfr`n` cæ~ f af vp` `ti~` `lr` af~ ~kni`bfb`~ foi`rf~ y n`rrfbf~! k af vp` `ti~` `l af krkbktf r`aimik~f y `a rfniklfai~ck ni`lãeink, Af `rfxif nklbpnpfa y `a x~inkflæai~i~ ~kl `~`lnifac`l` bk~ ~i~`cf~ riufa`~ b` nr``lnif y nklknici`lk! plk aa`lk b` krb`l! #65# 66· Nklmr`~k Uirpfa b` X~ivpifrãf, Il`rx~ivpi~ ?868 }}},il`rx~ivpi~,nkc # E`or`rk#Cfrwk ?868 X~ivpifrif,nkc
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Af `ukapniþl b` ak~ ~i~`cf~ ni`lãeink~ df ~ibk nafrfc`l` `txainifbf xkr cpndk~ eiaþ~kek~ b` af ni`lnif! b` fa ekrcf vp` ilinifac`l` ilinifac`l` ak~
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