^YE@W DMLVY^@WK AKH@HWK@C (GWB>L7), A@DYC^@W KHAMZL@^KD@ ‗ YHKQIZWK^@W ^ICDML
0
Vrinkdsk Viheilj`ck`h Viheilj`ck`h Drinkt Ys`b` N`c`l Viljirk`h Drinkt J`hd Liheeuh`d`h Litmni Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe B`aknb Akdrk Z`sykn (07600>:0;6), ^idhkd Khamrl`tkd`, A`duct`s Khamrl`tkd`, Yhkvirskt`s ^icdml @jstr`gt„ @jstr`gt„ Virdilj`he`h tidhmcmek khamrl`sk nk nuhk` pirj`hed`h tic`b jirdilj`he nihe`h pis`t. W`c` s`tu dilun`b`h y`he nkjirkd`h mcib pirdilj`he`h tidhmcmek khamrl`sk `n`c`c`b dilun`b`h n`c`l piljirk`h diputus`h. N`c`l pihicktk`h khk nkjirkd`h smcusk uhtud lic`dud`h prinkdsk dil`lpu`h khnkvknu `t`u pirus`b``h n`c`l piljirk`h drinkt liheeuh`d`h @cemrtkl` Er`nkiht Er`nkiht ^rii ^rii Jmmstkhe nihe`h j`htu`h j`htu`h prmsis rinudsk rinudsk nklihsk nihe`h nihe`h liheeuh`d`h liheeuh`d`h `cemrktl` `cemrktl` Vrkhgkp`c Vrkhgkp`c Gmlpmhiht @h`cysks. @h`cysks. @dur`sk y`he nkb`skcd`h mcib `cemrktl` khk `n`c`b sijis`r 51%. Khnix ^irls„Er`nkih ^irls„Er`nkihtt ^rii Jmmst, Drinkt Ys`b`, Vrinkdsk, J`hd, Dc`skakd`sk.
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0 VIHN@BYCY@H Virlmbmh`h drinkt y`he tiro`nk s``t khk nk j`hd tiro`nk pihkhed`t`h. B`c khk nksij`jd`h mcib luhguchy` pirus`b``h j`ru `t`u st`rtup y`he j`ru s`o` lirkhtks us`b`. Wij`e`k piljirk n`h`, j`hd b`rus liheit`buk tr`gd rigmrn n`rk pirus`b``h y`he `d`h nkjirk pkho`l`h drinkt. ^r`gd rigmrn n`rk pirus`b``h y`he lilmbmh pkho`l`h drinkt s`he`t jirpihe`rub n`c`l pilijirk`h diputus`h `p`d`b j`hd `d`h lihyituouk liljirkd`h drinkt `t`u tkn`d. Witk`p j`hd lilkckdk n`t` tird`kt pirus`b``h y`he tic`b lihn`p`td`h drinkt n`h n`t` tird`kt dil`lpu`h pirus`b``h n`c`l liheilj`ckd`h pkho`l`h. N`rk n`t` tirsijut, n`p`t nkju`t su`tu dc`skakd`sk n`t` y`he n`p`t liljin`d`h `p`d`b pirus`b``h tirsijut l`lpu liheilj`ckd`h drinkt y`he nkjirkd`h `t`u tkn`d. Litmni dc`skakd`sk khk s`he`t nkjutubd`h mcib j`hd d`rih` n`p`t lilprinkdsk su`tu pirus`b``h y`he `d`h lic`dud`h pkh o`l`h drinkt `p`d`b pirus`b``h tirsijut n`p`t liheilj`ckd`h pkho`l`hhy` `t`u tkn`d. N`c`l p`pir khk `d`h nkj`b`s litmni y`he nkeuh`d`h n`c`l lic`dud`h prinkdsk piheilj`ck`h drinkt us`b`. Litmni y`he nkeuh`d`h `n`c`b nihe`h liheeuh`d`h litmni Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe n`c`l lic`dud` dc`skakd`sk. Jirn`s`rd`h pihicktk`h y`he tic`b nkc`dud`h sijiculhy`, litmni @n`Jmmst liheb`skcd`h b`skc prinkdtka y`he p`ckhe j`kd T0\. Wic`kh ktu sijicul nkc`dud`h prmsis dc`skakd`sk, nkc`dud`h tircijkb n`bucu prmsis sicidsk aktur nihe`h liheeuh`d`h litmni Vrkgkp`c Gmlpmhiht @h`cysks. Nihe`h `n`hy` prmsis sicidsk aktur, prmsis gmlputir n`c`l lihemc`b khamrl`sk n`p`t cijkb `dur`t n`h prmsis prinkdsk n`p`t nkc`dud`h cijkb gip`t T:\.
lic`dud`h piheur`he`h nklihsk n`t`. Viheur`he`h nklihsk tirsijut nkc`dud`h nihe`h lirinudsk nklihsk n`t` y`he t`hp` liheur`hek d`r`dtirkstkd n`t`.@n` tke` t`b`p y`he nkc`dud`h n`c`l liheklpciliht`skd`h `cemrktl` VG@ T7\? 0.
:. 7. >.
G`rk hkc`k r`t`-r`t` n`rk sitk`p nklihsk n`h dur`hek sitk`p n`t` y`he `n` p`n` sitk`p nklihsk nihe`h hkc`k r`t`-r`t` y`he tic`b nkn`p`td`h. Bktuhe l`trkx dmv`rk`h. Bktuhe hkc`k ikeih n`h vigtmr ikeih n`rk l`trkx dmv`rk`h. Vkckb dmlpmhih p`n` hkc`k ikeih n`h vigtmr ikeih y`he tic`b nkn`p`t.
:.: Nigkskmh ^rii Nigkskmh trii `n`c`b `cemrktl` digirn`s`h ju`t`h y`he y`he jirska`t supirvksin ci`rhkhe nkl`h` prmsis supirvksin ci`rhkhe liljutubd`h n`t` c`tkb n`c`l lic`dud`h dc`skakd`sk. @cemrktl` nigkskmh trii `n`c`b `cemrktl` y`he n`p`t nkjkc`he gudup sklpic d`rih` tkn`d lilircud`h rulus y`he rulkt sipirtk `cemrktl` c`kh. @cemrktl` khk jidiro` nihe`h lihebktuhe jmjmt sitk`p `trkjut n`t` n`h lilit`d``hy` din`c`l siju`b jihtud pmbmh pihe`ljkc`h diputus`h.
:.7 D-Hi`rist Hikebjmur D-Hi`rist Hikebjmur `n`c`b s`c`b s`tu litmni dc`skakd`sk y`he jirska`t supirvksin ci`rhkhe. N`c`l prmsis lic`dud`h piljic`o`r`h, D-Hi`rist Hikebjmr liheeuh`d`h systil lihebktuhe o`r`d `ht`r n`t` n`h lihg`rk n`t` tirnid`t nihe`h n`t` t`reit. O`r`d `ht`r n`t` nkbktuhe nihe`h : N@W@Z ^IMZK liheeuh`d`h rulus pihebktuhe o`r`d j`kd Iugckni`h Nkst`hgi, L`hb`tt`h Nkst`hgi n`h c`kh-c`kh. N`rk b`skc :.0 Vrkhgkp`c Gmlpmhiht @h`cysks @h`cysks VG@ (Vrkhgkp`c Gmlpmhiht @h`cysks) `n`c`b s`c`b s`tu pirbktuhe`h o`r`d, nk`ljkc tktkd n`t` tirnid`t y`he jirlitmni piljic`o`r`h liskh y`he jirauhesk uhtud oulc`b d. Witic`b tktkd sioulc`b d tirsijut nk`ljkc, prmsis
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^YE@W DMLVY^@WK AKH@HWK@C (GWB>L7), A@DYC^@W KHAMZL@^KD@ ‗ YHKQIZWK^@W ^ICDML
@dur`sk Dc`skakd`sk 066,66% 26,66% 16,66% >6,66% :6,66% 6,66% WQL
DHH
Nigkskmh ^rii
Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmst
@dur`sk
Nk`er`l 0. @dur`sk Dc`skakd`sk N`t`
7 NIWDZKVWK WKW^IL
Akeuri 0. Acmwgb`rt @cur Wkstil
sic`houthy` `n`c`b lickb`t c`jic n`t` y`he sioulc`b d uhtud lickb`t l`h` c`jic n`t` y`he cijkb nmlkh`h l`d` ktu y`he liho`nk c`jic n`rk n`t` t`reit. :.> Wuppmrt Qigtmr L`gbkhi Wuppmrt Qigtmr L`gbkhi (WQL) `n`c`b su`tu litmni l`gbkhi ci`rhkhe (piljic`o`r`h liskh) y`he nkeuh`d`h uhtud lic`dud`h piheih`c`h pmc`. WQL jirauhesk nihe`h lihg`rk bypirpc`hi y`he jireuh` sij`e`k pihks`b `ht`r dic`s. WQL n`p`t lilks`bd`h n`t` din`c`l jijir`p` `p`puh jihtud pisij`r`h n`t` n`t` tirsijut. N`c`l pilks`b`h pilks`b`h dic`s, WQL liheeuh`d`h auhesk tirtihtu n`c`l lihihtud`h bypirpc`hi pilks`b y`he mptklul. Oihks auhesk tirsijut nk`ht`r` c`kh T>\? 0. Auhesk Ckhi`r :. Auhesk Vmcyhmlk`c 7. Auhesk Z`nk`c J`sks >. Auhesk Bypirjmckg :.7 Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe Er`nkiht trii Jmmstkhe `n`c`b s`c`b s`tu `cemrktl` l`gbkhi ci`rhkhe y`he lihe`n`pt`sk skstil Jmmstkhe. Wkstil jmmstkhe khk, jireuh` uhtud liheur`hek dis`c`b`h n`rk wi`d gc`sskakir n`h lihkhed`td`h `dur`sk y`he nkn`p`t
V`n` p`pir khk, prmsis prinkdsk nkj`ek din`c`l tke` t`b`p`h. ^`b`p`h y`he pirt`l` `n`c`b t`b`p Vriprmgisskhe nkl`h` p`n` t`b`p khk n`t` y`he nktirkl` tircijkb n`bucu nk ju`t liho`nk n`t` y`he kni`c. N`t` kni`c y`he nkl`dsun `n`c`b p`n` sidulpuc`h n`t` y`he `d`h nkprmsis tkn`d `n` n`t` y`he lilkckdk hkc`k dmsmhe p`n` s`c`b s`tu `trkjut. Okd` `n` n`t` y`he dmsmhe p`n` s`c`b s`tu `trkjut, l`d` n`t` tirsijut `d`h nkbkc`hed`h. ^`b`p`h y`he dinu` `n`c`b lic`dud`h prmsis sicidsk aktur nkl`h` p`n` t`b`p khk aktur y`he `n` p`n` n`t` `d`h nkpkckb uhtud nkprmsis nk t`b`p jirkduthy`. ^`b`p`h y`he tir`dbkr `n`c`b prmsis prinkdsk nihe`h liheeuh`d`h ilp`t ju`b `cemrktl` dc`skakd`sk y`ktu Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe, D-Hi`rist Hikebjmr, Wuppmrt Qigtmr L`gbkhi, n`h Nigkskmh ^rii.
> KLVCILIH^@WK LI^MNI Litmni y`he nkj`heuh liheeuh`d`h j`b`s` pilrmer`l`h Vytbmh n`h ckjr`ry Wgkdkt Ci`rh n`c`l lic`dud`h prmsis dc`skakd`sk. Yhtud n`t` y`he nkeuh`d`h `n`c`b n`t` @ustr`ck`h Grinkt @prmv`c N`t` Wit y`he jir`s`c n`rk YGK L`gbkhi Ci`rhkhe Zipmsktmry T9\. V`n` n`t` sit @ustr`ck`h Grinkt @prmv`c, tirn`p`t 09 ju`b `trkjut pihkc`k`h y`he nkeuh`d`h sij`e`k j`b`h pirtklj`he`h n`c`l lihn`p`td`h drinkt. Wic`kh ktu n`t` sit tirnkrk n`rk 1;6 n`t` y`he tirnkrk n`rk 765 n`t` y`he jirc`jic nksituouk n`h 727 n`t` y`he tkn`d nksituouk. V`n` prmsis rinudsk nklihsk liheeuh`d`h litmni Vrkgkp`c Gmlpmhiht @h`cysks, nklihsk p`n` n`t` nkrinkudsk liho`nk ckl` nklihsk. Wic`kh ktu uhtud liheklpciht`skd`h litmni Vrkgkp`c Gmlpmhiht @h`cysks nke`h`d`h ckjr`ry n`rk Wgkdkt Ci`rh. Vrmsis sic`houthy` `n`c`b prmsis
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@Y^BMZ I^ @C.? ^K^CI
grmss v`ckn`tkmh nihe`h oulc`b d `n`c`b ckl`. N`rk b`skc y`he nkn`p`td`h n`h nkvksu`cks`skd`h p`n` nk`er`l 0 j`bw` `cemrktl` Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe lilkckdk piramrl`hsk y`he p`ckhe j`kd nkj`hnkhed`h ditke` `cemrktl` c`kh.
9 @H@CKWKW N`rk b`skc y`he nkn`p`td`h, `cemrktl` Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe lilpirmcib b`skc y`he p`ckhe j`kd d`rih` `cemrtkl` khk liheklpciliht`skd`h litmni jmmstkhe. W`c`b s`tu diuheeuc`h p`n` litmni jmmstkhe n`p`t liheur`hek dis`c`b`h n`rk wi`d gc`sskakir n`h lihkhed`td`h `dur`sk y`he nkn`p`t n`rk sitk`p `cemrktl` dc`skakd`sk. Wibkhee` b`skc y`he nkn`p`td`h jks` cijkb j`kd n`rkp`n` liheeuh`d`h `cemrktl` dc`skakd`sk t`hp` liheeuh`d`h prmsis jmmstkhe. Wic`kh ktu ditirsink``h n`t` oue` s`he`t jirpihe`rub dip`n` prmsis piljic`o`r`h d`rih` n`t` jiripihe`rub n`c`l prmsis dc`skakd`sk n`h jk`s liho`ubk `cemrktl` din`c`l dmhnksk mvirakt n`h uhnirakt.
1 DIWKLVYC@H Disklpuc`h y`he nkn`p`td`h n`rk pihicktk`h khk `n`c`b prmsis sicidsk drinkt y`he nkc`dud`h p`n` j`hd n`c`l liyituouk drinkt nihe`h liheeuh`d`h litmni Er`nkiht ^rii Jmmstkhe liheb`skcd`h b`skc y`he n`p`t nktirkl`. Lisdkpuh pie`w`k j`hd n`p`t tirj`htu nihe`h `cemrktl`, prmsis drmsgid sig`r` l`hu`c oue` nkpircud`h d`rih` ditirj`t`s`h n`t` y`he n`p`t lilju`t dc`skakd`sk liho`nk tkn`d `dur`t.
N@A^@Z VYW^@D@ T0\ O. Bim `hn O. [. [`he, "@n`Jmmst J`sin J`hdruptgy Amrig`stkhe ma Dmri`h Gmhstrugtkmh Gmlp`hy," @ppckin Wmat Gmlputkhe, vmc. :>, pp. >;>->;;, :60>. T:\ G.-A. ^s`k, "Ai`turi Wicigtkmh kh J`hdruptgy J`hdruptgy Vrinkgtkmh," Dhmwcinei J`sin Wystil, pp. 0:6-0:5, :66;. T7\ C. K. Wlktb, "@ tutmrk`c mh Vrkhgkp`c Gmlpmhihts Gmlpmhihts @h`cysks," :66:. T>\ W. B`ydkh., Hiur`c Hitwmrd? @ Gmlpribihskvi Amuhn`tkmh, Hiw Oirsiy? Vrihtkgi B`cc, 0;;;. T9\ L. Ckgbl`h, "{YGK} L`gbkhi Ci`rhkhe Zipmsktmry," Yhkvirskty ma G`ckamrhk`, Krvkhi, Wgbmmc ma Khamrl`tkmh `hn Gmlputir Wgkihgi, :607. TMhckhi\. @v`kc`jci? bttp?//`rgbkvi.kgs.ugk.inu/lc/n`t`sits/st bttp?//`rgbkvi.kgs.ugk.in u/lc/n`t`sits/st`tcme+(`ustr`ck`h+gri `tcme+(`ustr`ck`h+grinkt+`pprmv`c). nkt+`pprmv`c).
7
