ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DERECHO MONETARIO, MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 1
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
:
ESTE TRABAJO ESTA DEDICADO A NUESTRAS FAMILIAS QUE SIEMPRE NOS APOYAN APOYAN Y NOS ORIENTAN O RIENTAN PARA PARA SEGUIR SEGU IR CON UN FUTURO PROMETEDOR
DERECHO MONETARIO, MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 2
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
:
ESTE TRABAJO ESTA DEDICADO A NUESTRAS FAMILIAS QUE SIEMPRE NOS APOYAN APOYAN Y NOS ORIENTAN O RIENTAN PARA PARA SEGUIR SEGU IR CON UN FUTURO PROMETEDOR
DERECHO MONETARIO, MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 2
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
TEMA ______________ _____________________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ _________1 __1 ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO __________ _______________ __________ _________ _________ __________ __________ ______ _ _
Dedicatoria:_____________________________________________________2 ____________________________ __________________ ___________________ _______________3 _____3 CONTENIDO ___________________ _____________________ _______________ _______________ ______________ _____________5 ______5 INTRODUCCION ______________ I__________________ _____________ _____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ __________7 ____7 CAPÍTULO ____________ DEFINICION DE ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO____________________7 PROPOSITOS__________________________________________________10 ELEMENTOS CARACTERÍSTICOS CARACTERÍ STICOS DE LA L A ESM___________ ESM_______________ _________ _________11 ____11 ELEMENTOS DE LA L A ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO_________ MERCADO_______________1 ______11 1 LOS FUNDAMENTOS DE LA ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO________12 MERCADO________12 EL PAPEL DEL ESTADO EN UNA ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO__ MERCADO____13 CAPÍTULO II _____________________ ________________________________ _____________________ ___________________15 _________15 LA ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO EN EL PERU, Y LA FUNCION SOCIAL ______________ _______________________ _________________ ________________ _______________ _______________ ________________15 ________15 MARCO CONSTITUCIONAL DEL PERU, PARA UNA POLITICA SOCIAL ECONOMICA.______________________ ECONOMICA._________ _________________________ _________________________ ________________17 ___17 ACTUACION SUBSIDIARIA DEL ESTADO ESTADO Y FUNCION SOCIAL___ SOCIAL_____ ____ ____ ____18 __18
DERECHO MONETARIO, MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 3
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
INCLUSION SOCIAL COMO UNO DE LOS PILARES DE LA ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO.________________________________19 POLITICAS SOCIALES EN EL PERU________________________________20 PROTECCIN, CAPACIDADES Y OPORTUNIDADES______ OPORTUNIDADES____________ ___________ ______20 _20 E!ITAR LA DUPLICIDAD___________________ DUPLICIDAD_____________________________ ____________________ ____________21 __21 __________________ ____________ _____________ _____________ ____________ ____________ ________22 __22 CAPÍTULO III ____________ MODELOS DE DESARROLLO ECONMICO_________________________22 ECONMICO_________________________22 EL PENSAMIENTO LIBERAL Y LA ECONOMÍA LIBERAL________________25 AUMENTO DE LA IN!ERSIN_________ IN!ERSIN_______________ ___________ __________ ___________ ____________2" ______2" #$ A%'()*+#*-.________________________________________________27 '$ /(._____________________________________________________27 $ I4#%# I4#% # ( 6)4*#(. 6)4* #(.___________ _____________________ _____________________ _________________28 ______28 CAPÍTULO IV __________ _______________ __________ __________ ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ _________29 ____29 EL ROL SUBSIDIARIO DEL ESTADO________________________________29 E% *( (% % 4'**#*:_______________________________________29 E% # )*)4*#% 6(4#_________________ 6(4#___________________________ ___________________30 _________30 L# 4'**#*(# ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1993._________________________3 E% 6**6* ( %*#*#____________ %*#*#__________________________ _____________________________38 _______________38 ____________________ ______________ ______________ _____________ _____________ __________2 ___2 CONCLUSIÓN _____________ ______________________ _______________ _______________ ______________ ____________ ______ BIBLIOGRAFIA ______________
DERECHO MONETARIO, MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 4
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
P## ##%*+# %# E;# S*#% ( M(# ( (% P(<, ( *6(**'%( )# *()# 6(6()*=# ( 4()# >*)*# (*()(. E) (, >#? @4( (( @4( ( 6#)( ( 4 )() )*)4*#% @4( (6( # 4 () 6#)*4%# ( %# >*)*# ? @4( (@4*(( (*=()#( 6## ')(( %(*)**# ( ((** # )#= ( %# (&# ( 4 *)*)4*( 4;*#. S( )#)# ( 4# 6(6()*=# 6#)*4%#()( (%(=#)( * )# ( 4()# @4( 6#)( ( %# 4)*&*#*- 6%;)*# 6## %# #*- ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1993 &4( (% (>#+ ( %# *(## *#(4## '#( (-*# )(*# ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1979 6## (% #( (-* (% 6#;.
E *(#'%( @4( 6#)( (% *4 (% ()( P(*()( #% () (% #4)%6( ( %# *6(#*# ( % 6(( %(*%#)*= ? 4**#% ( %# %4># )# (% )(*. S* ('#, )#'* ()# *6(#*# ( >#;# (=*()(,
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 5
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
( #4( #% *4 ( F4**, ( %# *6*'*%*# ( 4# (&# (% E)# *# # %# ()4*- ( %# (;# '( %# '#( (% %*'( (#. N ()# #)( 4 P(< @4( ( (( () #%( ( 4# ( %# ** #=( ( 4 >*)*#, *)4#*- @4( (< 4 #6%* () ( %# 6'%#*- 6;# 4)*&*# %# (*# @4( ( )#.
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 6
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
N4() *( (-*, # )( (% #);4% 58G ( %# C)*)4*- P%;)*# ( ((( () ( 4# (;# *#% ( (#. A;, ( 4# #(# (*# 6( (H#%#
@4( )( )*6 ( (% (-*
46( %# =((*# ()( 4 (# %*'( 4 ()# *#%()( )%#, 4?# *)(=(*- )( %**)## # %# (=()4#%*# ( @4( ( 64+# (*4#%#( %%# ( (% (#. E 4 ( @4( '4# ##)*+#, 6
4 %#,
%# 6()(*#
?, 6
), %#
)#&#*- ( %# 64*- **=*4#% ( 4 '((&** %()*= *#%. E 4 ( *#%, (-*, ? 6%;)* *)(#, @4( ( ##)(*+# 6 )(( 4# 6%;)*# (-*# ( (#, ? #% * )*(6 4# 6%;)*# *#% @4( (4%# # %# 6*(#, % @4( ( &*4# #( 4 #? *&((*# &()( #% (%*'(#%*. S( &4# ( =#%( )* @4( (&** )#(()( ? 4*=(#%( 6## %# )*# *#%.
E 4 (% ( (;# ( (# ( *# %# %(?( ( %# &()# DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 7
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
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
%# ((*# ( %**)# %# %*'()# ( (#, (*)( %# *#
4#**# ( (%#*- # - ('( 6(# ()# %**)#*( ( 4# (;# *#% ( (#. E% 6'%(# (*( ( @4( 6## @4( )( *)(# &4*( ('( '*#( (&**(*# 4)**# *#%, 4 (@4*%*'* (@4*=, *&;*% ( #%#+#. E% *)(# '4# @4( (% (# &4*( * *)*( ? * #)( (-* 4 6( @4( >## *6*'%( (% %*'( 4(, ? 6(*)# @4( )# %# 6(# 64(# )# %*'(()( 4 (**( (-*#. N ')#)(, ( 4># #*( (% 66* ()# 64(( %%(# # ( 4 #()( *)*# (% (#J ( #>; %# %## %**)#*- @4( %# )*)4*- %( *6( #% ()# ( 4#) # 4 #*# (-*. L# E;# S*#% ( M(# ( '## ( %# #*+#*- ( (# ( *)(# ( #*#*- ( (4, ? )#)# ( (* ? 6=(( %# **( *)*)4*#%(, )*# ? *#%( 6## 4 6(#)*# (&**()( ? (@4*)#)*=#. E % # (6(;&* ( #')*(( ( 6(# (* DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
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
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
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
•
E% M(% ( E;# S*#% ( M(# ('( #)*( %# (6()#)*=# ( #%*# ( =*# ? (#%% ( %# 6'%#*- 6(4##, ( *4#%# ( 6)4*#( 6## ), PARA ALCANKAR LA META MIMA: L# C%*#*- (% (**() (-* )(*, ## ;# #? ? 6(*=# I%4*- S*#%, ( '#( # 4# 6%;)*#
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 10
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
(-*# *#% *)*'4)*=#.
•
L# *)(=(*- (% E)# ( %# #)*=*# (6(#*#% ('( #%*(#( # %# 6%;)*# ( *%4*- *#% ( ((4*- 6 (% #)4#% '*(. D*># #)*=*# ('( ()# *(*## # % ()( ( % @4( %# #)*=*# 6*=## >#?# *6%(()# %# =;# 6## 4 (#%% ? 6(.
S'( %# '#( ( % 6**6* ( %# DSI, ((#%()( #(6)# % *4*()( (%(() ##)(;)* ( %# E;# S*#% ( M(#:
a)
El ercado
L# &4*- ((*#% (% ()# ( ()#'%(( ? #(4# (% # %(#% ( &4*#*() (% (# ? 6 % )#) ( %# 6()(*# . P## @4( ()( ( 6()*)*= &4*(, ( ((#* 4 ()# &4()( @4( *6# 4 *)(# ( (%# %## ? @4( #( ()#'%(+# 4# 6%;)*# ( 6(#*- # = ( % 46 *#%( ((*)#.
!)
El elee"to #ocial
E ()( )() (% ()# ('( (* %# *)*( @4( ( 64(( 6(()# ( (% &4*#*() (% (#, (6(*#%()( 4# (*)# *)4#*( 6-%*#, 4# ( 6(()( ()(#%*#( (&() (#)*= 6*)*= ? ( %# *6%(()#*- ( % (4 *#%(.
L# (;# *#% ( (# )# ##)(*+## 6 )( (%((): #$ B*(()# *#%J % @4( ('( )#4*( ( (6%( 64)*=, )#'# * ? (6#) 4) (% *(. '$ M(# %*'(J % @4( 46(, 6 4 %#, (% (6() # %# DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 11
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
66*(#, # %# ***#)*=# 6*=## ? # 4# %*'( 6()(*# (*#, prima facie, 6 %# &()# ? %# (## ( (% (#J ?, 6 ), (%
'#)( # % %*6%* ? 6%*. $ U E)# 4'**#* ? %*#*, ( #(# )#% @4( %# #*( ()#)#%( *()# #6#(+# #4*%*#(, 6%(()#*# ? )(6#%(. E *6)#)( (*# @4( %# )*# ># (*# )# ##)(;)*# @4( *)*4( # %# (;# *#% ( (#, #; 6 ((6%, )((: #$ P)(*- # %# 66*(# 6*=##. '$ L*'( 6()(*# ##)*+## 6 (% E)#. $ I4#%# #)( %# %(? ##)*+## 6 (% E)#. E 4#, % *() ( @4( ( )#)# ( 4 (% (-* @4( '4# ( %# (*# ( % 6*'%( ##)*+# %# ***#)*=# 6*=##, %# %*'( 6()(*# ? @4( %# 64)*=*# **=*4#% ( =*()( ( 6( *#% %()*=#()( >#'%#.
A% >#'%# ( (;# *#% ( (#, %%(=# *(%4)#'%(()( # (&(* #% ((> ( 66*(#, ( )# 6#%#'#, ( 64(( (H#%# @4( )( )*6 ( *( (-* )*(( **- )*)4)*=# (% ((> ( 66*(#, ( )#) ? ( 4#), 6## ##)*+# )# **- ('( (*)* 4 *)(# 4;* @4( 6)(# %# 66*(# 6*=## ? %# %*'()# 6## *6( ( (%%#. A% (6(), ( *( @4( %# (;# *#% ( (# )*((
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 12
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
6*%#( @4( (&%(# 4 66* )(*: #$ U ( (-* 4?# *)(*- ( ()#'%(( ? >#( =#%( (%# 6## %# #)*=*#( ( *)(#'* ()( #()( (-* 6*=# () (% (#. E% ()# (( ( **)( ( %# #4) (6#'*%*# ( 4 *4## @4( 6#)**6# ( #4( # 4 #6)#*( **=*4#%( #% 64) *#%. L# 6)(*- ( )# #4);# (% **=*4 (6() # %# *)(=(*( (% ()# ( )(6%## 6 (% 6**6* ( 4'**#*#: ) % @4( (% **=*4 64( #4* '# 4 66*# (6#'*%*#, ?# (# 6 ; % ( 4 ;4% 6*=#, &# 6#)( ( %# &4*( ( %# *)*)4*( ()#)#%(. '$ D(( )# 6(6()*=#, (% 6**6* ( 4'**#*(# *6%*# @4( )# %# &4*( (% '*) ( %# =*# @4( 64(# ( #4*# 6 (% **=*4 % 46 6*=# (# 46%*# 6 %# 4*# 6**6* ( %*#*#$.
S( ># (# *> @4( 4# ( %# ##)(;)*# ( )( (% (-* ( %# 6*#;# ( %# %*'()# (% **=*4, (# 6(# #)4#% 4;*#, 6## *)(#)4# ) **=*4 # (&() ( #)*( 4 ((*#( # )#= ( *=(# )##*( @4( ( %%(=# # #' 4)#()( ( (% (#, * *)(=(*- (% ()#. C'# % (64() ( (% )( 64), % (H#%# 6 (% T*'4#% C)*)4*#% ( %# ()(*# NG 00182003AITC 4# (H#%# @4( %# (;# *#% ( (# ( (&*(( # 4 )*6 ( #*+#*- (-*# (4%# 6 4 *( 4;* ( (()#%*+#*- ( *(6((*# &()(
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 13
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
#% E)#, (% 4#% () ()*# # #(4# %# (*)(*# ( 4# 6%4#%*# ( #()( (-* ( % (%#)*= # %# %*'( ***#)*=#, 6# # 6#)**6# ( %# #)*=*# (-*#, ? %# %*'( 6()(*#, 6## &()# ? (## %# 6=**- ? 4**) ( '*(( ? (=** #% 6<'%* ( ((#%. E% ()# 46%( *=(# &4*(, @4( # *)(* (% 6&( R*# B(#4) C#%%* %# *4*()(: #$ R(( ? (&()*=*+# 4 4) ( ##);# ()*## # #(4# (% ( ( %# %*'()#( (-*#, % ((> %#'#%( ? (% ((> # %# 66*(# ( % #()( (-*J '$ D(&*((
(%
*)(
( %
4*(
? 44#*
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
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 14
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
$
C&( # %# )*# #*#% ( *)(#*#%, ? %# 4*64(*# (% T*'4#% C)*)4*#% P(4#, ?# % >( 6(*# ( (% 64) #)(*, %# E;# S*#% ( M(#, ( *&((*# )#) (% *)(# #6*)#%*)# (% *#%*)# 6@4( ( '## ( 6**6* (% %*'(#%* (-*: *$ (% **=*4#%*, @4( 6)4%# %# %*'()# (% >'( ? 6(( (% ((> ( *6( %*'(()( ( 4 66*(#J ?, **$ (% 6**6* ( @4( %# 6()(*# ( 4 *)4() ().
S( *&((*#
6@4( (% (# () #*+# ( #(# *()( '# 4 *)(# ( (%# *)*)4*(, 4 '()*= ()(*#, * (( @4( %# %*'()# ( %# @4( *( %# (**( (-*#. Y ( (4 %4# 6@4( % '()*= *#%( ( (4()# ( (% * *=(% @4( % '()*=
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 15
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
(-* ( %# (&**(*#, ? &()# %# 6#)**6#*- #)*=# )#'##( ( (% 4 ( %# (6(# ( *()# #*)4.
( % A(
('( )(( ( 4()# # %# %*#*# @4( (&*(( ? 6(46( @4( (% ( (-* )4* =(+# # 4 % 46, * @4( %# 6*'*%*#( ( ## 6(( ('( ( *)*'4*# # ( (@4*)#)*=#()( ()( ) % 46 ( %# *(#. S% ()( * (*)( 6)4*#( *4#%( 6## ) () ( %# (%# ( 4(, (% *)(# (-* ( 6%;)*#()( #(6)# ? (&(* 6 ) % *4##. E)( %# 6)*# ( ()( *)(# (-* ( (&4(+# 6 2 6**6*: (% ( %*#*# @4( (*( 4 (@4*%*'* 6%;)* *#% ? %# 6*- (% '*( <, ? (% ( 4'**#*(#, ( =*)4 (% 4#% % @4( (% **=*4 64(( >#( 6 66*# ***#)*=# ('( >#(% %# 4*# (% E)#.
E)( %# &4*- *#% ( 4)#*#% # %# (;# *#% ( (#, ? 4 6#)*'*%*# 4# 6%;)*# ( 6()(*#. D() ( % *)((( *#%( ( ()( )*6 ( (;# )((: %# %*'( ***#)*=#, %# (&**(*# (-*# ? %# 4)**# *#%. A># '*( %# ***#)*=# 6*=## 64(( (#%%#( ( 64() #% *)( ((#% *#% (#' ( % 6**6* )*)4*#%( @4( 6)(( %# %*'()# ? %# *4#%#.
D*( C(# L##
( P(*()( (% T*'4#% C)*)4*#% @4(: %# (;# *#% ( (# ( (% (% (-* (% E)# S*#% ( ((>. E (# (6*- 64(( >#'( (4)#%*# 4# 4 #%) 6()#( ( %# 6'%#*- =*=( ( **( ( 6'(+# (=(#, ( #>; @4( 6## 46(# )#% **- )#) (% E)# % 6#)*4%#( )*(( 4 ('( @4( 46%*, 4# #*- (**# # &* ( 6=( %# **( 6## @4( %# **# >4## (# (&()*=#.
E% E)# ('( '*# # ) % *4## %#
6*'*%*# ( )(( 4 *( '* @4( %( 6(*)# 4'*)* ? 6#)**6# ( %# =*# 6%;)*# ? (-*#. DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 16
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
Art%c &lo '($ E#tado deocr*tico de derec+o$ Fora de Go!ier"o L# R(6<'%*# (% P(< ( ()*#, *#%, *(6(*()( ? '(##. E% E)# ( 4 ( **=**'%(. S4 '*( ( 4*)#*, (6(()#)*= ? (()#%*+#, ? ( #*+# (< (% 6**6* ( %# (6##*- ( 6((.
Art%c &lo '' $ De!ere# del E#tado S ('(( 6**#%( (% E)#: (&(( %# '(#;# #*#%J ##)*+# %# 6%(# =*(*# ( % ((> >4#J 6)(( # %# 6'%#*- ( %# #(#+# )# 4 (4*#J ? 6=( (% '*(()# ((#% @4( ( &4#()# ( %# 4)**# ? ( (% (#%% *)(#% ? (@4*%*'# ( %# N#*-. A**, ( ('( (% E)# ()#'%(( ? ((4)# %# 6%;)*# ( &)(# ?
6=( %# *)(#*-, 6#)*4%#()( %#)*#(*##, #;
(% (#%% ? %# >(*- ( %# +# &)(*+#, ( #*# %# 6%;)*# ()(*.
Art%c &lo ,- $ de la Co"#tit&ci."/ Art%c&lo ,-$ Eco"o%a Social de Mercado$ L# ***#)*=# 6*=## ( %*'(. S( ((( ( 4# (;# *#% ( (#. B# ()( *(, (% E)# *()# (% (#%% (% 6#;, ? #)<# 6**6#%()( ( %# (# ( 6*- ( (6%(, #%4, (4#*-,
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 17
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
(4*#, (=** 6<'%* ( *&#()4)4#.
Art%c &lo ,0 $ Rol Eco".ico del E#tado E% E)# ()*4%# %# (#*- ( *@4(+# ? ##)*+# %# %*'()# ( )#'# ? %# %*'()# ( (6(#, (* ( *4)*#. E% ((** ( ()# %*'()#( ('( ( %(*= # %# #%, * # %# #%4, * # %# (4*#( 6<'%*#. E% E)# '*# 6)4*#( ( 46(#*- # % ()( @4( 4&( 4#%@4*( (*4#%#J ( )#% ()*, 64(=( %# 6(@4(H# (6(# ( )# 4 #%*#(. E)( &( #% #);4% 58 ( %# C)*)4*- *># (# (@4*(( 4# #)(*- (6(*#% (% ()#. E (( ()*, %# (*(*# (% ()# *#% ( ((> ? ( % ((> (-*, *#%( ? 4%)4#%( 4%# ( #(# **&*#)*=# %# #6%*#*- ( (*# 6*=#)*+## ( #+- ( %# #)(*#.
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
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 1
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
L# I%4*- S*#%, @4( ( ('%()*# (% *( ***# (% 28 ( 4%*, ('( ( #4#%, #; % ( #4#%(: (% *(() (% #%#* ;*, (% )#*() ( %# P(*- "5, ?, ( ((#%, % 4(*= #4)( (% M(% ( E;# S*#% ( M(# ()#'%(* 6 % #);4% 58G ? 59G ( %# C)*)4*-, (%#)*= # %# E;# S*#% ( (#, 6 4 #);4% 22G # 29G, (%#)*= # % )#'##(, ? (% #);4% 1G ( *># C#)# F4#()#%, @4( (%## @4(: 1La de2e"#a de la 3er#o"a +&a"a 4 el
re#3eto de #& di5"idad #o" el 2i" #&3reo de la Sociedad 4 el E#tado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
(% M(%
P(4# ('( ( #(4#
# %#
GLOBALI7ACIÓN ?, ( ((#%, ('( ( '() ( 6(#()( ? ** (#4)( ? >#)# ( (()4)4#*-, PARA ALCANKAR LA META MIMA:
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 1!
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
L# C%*#*- (% (**() (-* )(*, ## ;# #? ? 6(*=# I%4*- S*#%.
LA FORMULACIN ( %# 6%;)*# *#%( ( P(< 6**+# %# *%4*- ? (% '#)( # %# 6'(+# ? %# (4)**- *)*%, # )#= ( *)(* @4( 64(=( 4# #? #)*4%#*-, >((*# ? (&*#*#. L *)(* 6## %# &4%#*- ( *6%(()#*- ( %# 6%;)*# *#% ( P(< % *4*()(:
a) Criterio
territorial
'*)
4'#
?
4#%$:
()(
(&@4(
46( 46(# %# &#()#*- ()*#% ? &#%*+# (% #) *#% ( (6#* (6(;&* ( &4*- ( %# '(># ( (% #( # #)*= '*, %# 6)(*#%*#( ? %# ##)(;)*# ( %# 6'%#*-.
!) Ti3o de 3ro5raa 6)(), >#'*%*)# 6) ( 6)4*#( (-*#$: () ('( )(( 6( *&(()( ( &4*- (% *% (-* ? ( %# #(*# ? 6)(*#%*#( ( %# 6'%#*- '()*=.
c) Po!laci." o!8eti9o 4 ciclo de 9ida/ ( (&*( ( &4*- ( 4
*)*)
*=(%(
(
=4%(#'*%*#,
(
((*#(
?
6)(*#%*#( ( %# *%*# ? 4 *(', % @4( *%*)# %# *()*&*#*- ( % 6## *#%( (%(=#)( # ## 4# ( ()# ()#6# ? **( ( %# 6'%#*- *)(=(*#.
E% *(H ( %# 6%;)*# *#% 6(4## ( '## ( )( ((. E% 6*( ( (%% ( %# 3rotecci." #ocial$ L 6## () *** # %# 6'%#*- =4%(#'%( ( 6'(+# ()(#, ( #)(*- # 4 *% ( =*#, DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 20
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
? 6 **( *4)#*# (6(;&*# (( ( #'# *( *#% ? #%, #( #%(()(, 6(# *#6#*#$, #; # %# 6'%#*- #&()## 6 %# =*%(*# ? 6 (((*#.
E% (4 (( ( (% de#arrollo de ca3acidade# ( %# 6(#, '( ) ( *% *)((* ( =*# #%(()(, -=(( ? #4%) ( (# 64)*=#$. L# #?;# ( () 6## *#%( )*(( @4( =( %# (4#*- ? %# #6#*)#*- %#'#%. P (%% 4 =#% ()#)* ( #? ( % *% (6#*= ( %# (;#. Y 6 <%)*, ( %# 3rooci." de o3ort&"idade#: ( %# @4( ( '4# 6)(*# % #)*= 64)*= ( % 6'( ? #)*4%#% # % (# *)( ? ()(. P (%%, ( **( # 6(# ( 6%( *% 64)*= -=(( ? #4%)$ @4( (@4*(( (# 4 (6%(#'*%*# (%(=# 4 64)*=*#.
E% #)4#% '*( ( P(< #6'- 4# (&# @4( )(;# '()*= %# #)*4%#*- ( % 6## *#%( 6## %# #? (&**(*# ? (( ), (=*)# %# 46%**# ( (&4(+. P## (%=( (% 6'%(# ( %# *6(*- ( % (&4(+ ( % 6## *#%(, (% '*( (%=*- (4* (% <(, 6%#)(( %# (&# ( % * (% '()*= (: %# 4# #? #*#%*# ( %# #)*4%#*- ( % 6## *#%(, ? )*'4* # %# (%**#*- ( %# 46%*#*- ( &4*( #**)#)*=#, # %# (4*- ( % (( ( &#%*+#*- ? # %# **4*- ( % ) #**)#)*=.
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 21
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
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
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 22
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
L 6*( #H ( ()# ()#)(*# (># 4 (**() (-* **&*#)*= 4) # #'* #6(*#'%( ( %# ()4)4# (-*# %#)*#(*##, #4@4( %# ##)(;)*# *>(()( # ()( (% ( *4)*#%*+#*- 6(*)* (% (6%*(4( (% 4) ( 6)(*#%*#( #*## # %# *#. S( (=(%# ()(, )( %**)#)(, %# ()(>(+ (% (# ? %# *(&**(*# (*=## ( %# #*#*- *)(# ( % (4 ( 4 )() 6)(*. F*#%()(, # 6#)* ( % #H ()()#, 4 > (()* %6(# 4#()( # % 6#;( (#%%# ? (6(*#%()( # % 6#;( %#)*#(*#, % @4( %%(=# # 4 4(= #'* ( %# **( (-*# *)(#*#%(, #*&()( #; (% &*#% (% (% ISI. L# ## ( % 80 ( 4# ## ( ### ** ( (% 4')*()( %#)*#(*#, 4# (# ( =4%*( (-*#, *#%( ? ( 6*# ( %# %*'()#( 6%;)*# 6 6#)( ( %# #?;# ( ()# #*(. N ')#)(, ( )#'* 4# 6# ( ( =# # ()# %# '#( (% 4(= (4* (-* %#)*#(*# ( %# ## ( % 90, @4( ()# '## ( 4 (% ( *(*- ( %# (;# 4*#% ##)(*+# 6 %# ()#'*%*+#*- ? (% #(#*() (-*. E)( 4(= (&@4( # %4# # %# *)#4#*- (% (*# 6 #%4 (% ( (*#%* #'*() %#)*#(*#. S #H ( 6((*# ( (;(( ( (#*# 6#%#()#*# @4( ##)(*+# # ()# ()#6# (% (#%% (-* %#)*#(*#. P (% %# ( %# )(;# , >#';# @4( ()(*# % ()(*#)( (% (**() (-* # %# 6%#+ ? %# 6%;)*# @4( ('( *64%#( 6## ()*4%# *> (**(). E (#%*# %# >*)*# (% (**() (-* ( )# %## %# >*)*# (% 6(#*() (-*. Y# % 6*( %* A# S*)>, D#=* R*# ? T># M#%)>4 ()4*# (% )(# (% (**(). E%% *)4( (6) &4#()#%( (% ( (**() ((*()( ? 4 (%#*- %# #44%#*- ( #6*)#% &;* >4#, %# (%#*- ()( (% 6( )(%-* ? %# (6(*#%*+#*- (% )#'# (% (&@4( 6()*)*= *)4() ( #%** ( (@4*%*'* **. DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 23
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
P)(*()(, ( (% *% , #4)( R#(?, Y4, Q*>) S>46()( )*'4?( ( #(# &4#()#% #% **() ( % ()(*#)( ( %# )## ( (**() ? (% 6( )(%-*. A 6#)* (% )#'# ( S%S# 195"$, %# ## ( 1950 ? 19"0 =*( - %# (=%4*- (%*# %%(#'# # %# )(;# (% (**() (-*, ? ()# *&4)#'# ( 4 (#**() @4( ()- %# '#( ()%-*# 4)*%*+## % 6## %# )(;# (% (**() * )#'* 6 ) % #(*)# (. E% #%** (%* ( 6%()- % )#'# ( C# 19"5$ ? Q6# 19"5$, @4( (*)4( (% (&@4( ( %# 6)**+#*- *)()(6#% (#%%# 6 R#(? 1928$ 6## ##%*+# (% 6)#*() ( % 4*( ( (% (% (%*. A(, % *=()*#( (%* ( =*( '%*# # *)4* (% 6( )(%-* (-(, ) <%)* (% (**() # %# 6%#+. L #(*)# 6## # *=()*# (% *% (-* ? ( &(-( (% ) 6%#+, #%()# 6 %# (=%4*- ()%-*# ( %# (6()#)*=# #*#%( ? (% #6#()( &## (% >#)# ()( *#)( 6##*# (?(*#. L# 64'%*#*- ( 198" ( %# )(* )#% ( P#4% R( (*)# ( 1983$ ? %# *4*()( '(**- ( R'() L4# 1988$ >**( (#( %# )(;# (% (**() #6 ( *=()*#*- #)*=. L 4(= *=()*#( )4=*( '()*= 4*#% %# )4*- ( (% ( % @4( # *&((*# ( % (% (%*, %# )## ( (**() # %# 6%#+ &4(# 6*)*=# * %# ((*# ( 46( @4( #%4# =#*#'%( (% (% (;# ( &# (-(#. D( #>; @4( # ()# 4(=# )(;# ( %( '#4)*+## (% '( ( )(;# ( (**() (-(. U# 6*(# *%*# ( (% R( 198"$, L4# 1988$, R('(% 1991$ ? B# 1991$ *4*( ((# )## 6*)*=# ( (**(), # '#( ( (%**# % (**() ((*()( # (#%# # )#= ( ()(#%*#( ( *)4* #6*)#% >4#.
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 24
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
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
Las características principales del pensamiento liberal son:
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
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 25
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
L# )%(#*# (%**# ( 4 E)# %#*. E 4#) # %# (;# %*'(#%, ()# *()( ( 6(#*() (-* ( ##)(*+# 6 % *4*()(: E% %*'(#%* *%4?( #6() *)((%#*#: (% %*'(#%* *#% ? (% %*'(#%* (-*. E% %*'(#%* *#% ( %# #6%*#*- ( % 6**6* %*'(#%( ( %# =*# 6%;)*# ( % **=*4. E )#% ()* ( 6(()# %# *)**- (% E)# ( %# *)*)4*( ( %# 4)# 6*=## ( % *4## ? ( 4 (%#*( *#%(, (*)*( 6%(# %*'()# ( (6(*- ? ( (%**-. E% %*'(#%* (-* ( %# #6%*#*- ( % 6**6* %*'(#%( ( (% (#%% #)(*#% ( % **=*4, 6 ((6% %# *)**- (% E)# ( %# (%#*( (#)*%( ()( % *4##, *64%# %# (4*- ( *64() # 4 ;*# (6(*- ? (4*- ( %# (4%#*- '( (*, 64*-, (). S(< %# *(%;# %*'(#%, %# *)(=(*- (% E)# #(4# %# *4#%# ( **( ( ) % **=*4, % @4( 6(*)( @4( ( ()#'%(+# 4 # ( 6()(*# 4)#, * ()**( * #*64%#*( ( *=( )*6. E) **&*# (4)#%*+# 4#%@4*( )*6 ( '((&*(*# 6<'%*#, )#%( ##(%( ? 4'**.
;F&e"te 3*5i"a#
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 26
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
T () #'* ( (% (&@4( ? (% 6(464() ( %# 6%;)*# *#%(, ># 6(*) @4( (% M * *)(* ( %# M4( ? D(#%% S* #% ( P(< MIMDES$ #=#( ( *)*)# (#:
S( ># #%'()*+# # 821,051 6(# ()( (% 200" #% 2008. E) (6(()# (% "3,5 ( %# ()# (% P## N#*#% ( M=*%*+#*- 6 %# A%'()*+#*-, PRONAMA. L# T## ( A#%'()* ( 4(( ( ># (4* ( 13,8 # 13,3 4#)( (% 2009. E ()( (4%)# *&%4?- (% M * *)(* ( E4#* - # )#= (% PRONAMA 4 ))#% ( 185.598 6(# #%'()*+## ( (% #H 2009, 7",5 ( %# 4#%( &4( 4((.
A6'#*- (% P%# N#*#% )# %# !*%(*# #*# %# M4 ( 20092015. A6'#*- ( L*(#*() 6## (% U (% L(4# ( I% 4* =. E%#'#*- ( 6?() ( D*()*=# ( M#)(*# ( )*#*() S(4#% ( %# E)*#( (% E)# 2009. A6'#*- ( 3 P%#( R(*#%( ( I4#%# ( O6)4*#( ()( M4(( ? '( #%#+# % 11 P%#( R(*#%($. A%*#+# ()( (% M * *)(* P<'%* ? (% M * *)(* ( %# M4 ( ? D(#%% S* # % 6## #6)# ( *6%(()# S*)(# ( R(*) O&**#%( ( F(*** *. S( ># #&*#+# (% S *)(# ( R(*) ? E)#;)*# (% D(%*) ( T#)# ( P(# ? #&*(, #*( ( 6(=(*- ? #*- ( ()# 6)*# DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 27
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
(%*)*=#. A**, (% M**)(* ( 4)**#, (% M**)(* (% I)(* ? (% M**)(* ( %# M4( ? D(#%% S*#% *()# ? 6#)*# #4# 4**#%( 6 =*%(*# *%*# ? (4#% # )#= ( #*( (% P%# N#* #% C)# %# ! * %( *# F#*%*# ? S(4#%, (# 30 C() ( E((*# M4 ( ( (% #H 2010, #%#+# #; 4 ))#% #*#% ( 119 CEM.
A )( #H ( %# =*(*# ( %# L(? ( I4#%# ( O6)4*#( ()( '( ? M4 ((, *=(# ()*#( (% E)# =*(( *6%(()# 6%;)*#, 6%#( ? 6## 6## 6=( 4# (#% *4#%# ( 6)4*#( 6## ). U 6# ((*#% 6## % ((> # %# #%4, ( %# 6%;)*# ( A(4#*() U*=(#%, #6%*## ***#%()( ( +# ( 6'(+# ? 6'(+# ()(# A?#4>, A64;# ? 4##=(%*#$.
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 2
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
S( 64(( ()(( @4( #)( ( ( 4 6**6* 4;*, %# 4'**#*# &4( 6*( 4# #)(;# )*#% ? (64 6%;)*#. E ( (% # ( ()# (*(*# 6## %# (#*- (% %*'( (#, @4( #6#(( (% (#%% )(-* ( %# 4'**#*(# (% E)# ( %# *4*()( &#: «E *%;*) @4*)# # % 6#)*4%#( % @4( 4 66*# ***#)*=# ? 66*#
*4)*# 64(( (#%*+# 6## ((#% # 4# 4*#, #; )#'* ( *4), ? #% * )*(6 #=( 6(4** ? 6()4'#*- (% () ( *#%, #=# # 4# *(# #? ? (%(=## % @4( 64(( >#( ? 64# 4*#( (( ( *&(*(. T *&%4 *#% ('( 6 4
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 2!
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
#)4#%(+# 6()# #4*%* # % *(' (% 4(6 *#%, 4# #''(% ? ()4*%». E (*, )#*#()( # % @4( ( =*(( **(, (% % 4'**#* ( &4) *(%-* ( %# #*# ((># )#>## 4# &# 6## #)# ( # #% E)#, 6 (% )#*, (( @4( ()# #)( 4 6**6* # ? ( % #+#'%(, @4( %( ( (%**#( ('(;# ( *)()# 6)((. E %# #)4#%*#, ( %# E;# S*#% ( M(#, () (% E)# S*#% D()* ( D((>. C % 6**6* ( 4)**# ? L*'()#, *%4?( % =#%( )*)4*#%( (: E-*, S*#%, P%;)* ? 4;*J ? () ( % E-* ( (4()#: B*(()# S*#%, M(# L*'( ? E)# S4'**#* ? S%*#*.
P## @4( (*)# ? ( (#%%( (% 6**6*
( 4'**#*# )*(( @4( (*)* 6*( 4# **( 6(=*#, 6 R#+- ( #%) I)( P<'%* ( M#*&*()# C=(*(*# N#*#%.
C #'(, %# (;# )*(( 4# (( *&%4(*# ( %# =*# *#% ? ( )#% (*# (4%)# %-* @4( %# C)*)4*( (# % 6**6* 4;* *6)#)( # % @4( ('( ()(( %# (#*- ( (# (#%*#. Y %# C)*)4*- # 4;*# 46(# @4( (, >#? @4( *)(6()#%# )#%, @4( (%##*- 6%;)*#, )(*( 6(()( (% ()* 66* ( %# 6#%#'# ( (%#*- (% )(), % #)((()( >*)-* 6()*()( ? %# (#%*# *#% ( @4( ># ( #6%*#(, 6## 6( #; (4'* 4 (6;*)4 ? &*#%*#. Y #% >#(% %=*# @4( %# )*)4*- DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 30
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
('( ()(((, 6**6#%()(, 4 (* 6## %**)# (% 6( ( % '(#)( ? #(4# 4# (&(# ( ((> ? ( %*'()# # % *4##.
A># '*(, (( @4( %# C)*)4*- (-*# ( &#%*+# 44#%()(
#
)#=
(
%44%#
((#%(
*)(*#%()(
*()(*## ?, 6 )#), ((*)# ( (*- 6 # ( *&(* (#@4;#. Y @4( *(6( ()# 6(()( %# '<@4(# ( 4 64) ( (@4*%*'* ()( %# *)(=(*- ()#)#% ? %# %*'()# ( % *4##. R(#, &*#%()(, @4( )#) %# C#)# ( 1979 %# (% 1993 6(*4( %# *)#4#*- ( 4 E)# S*#% ? D()* ( D((>, 6( @4( %# >(#*()# (*# 6## 4 (*&*#*- *&*(( #(()( ( % @4( (% *( (-* ( (&*((. E % % (% E )# ( %# (;# #'*# ( &# 4)#)*=# ( % @4( =# ( %# C )*) 4*- ( 1 979 # %# ( 1993. S( )#)# ( 4# =#*#*- *6)#)( @4( 6( ( #*&*(), #%% ( (%##*( 6**6*)#, 4# *)*)# (6*- (% E)#.
E %# C)*)4*- ( 1979 (% E)# ()#'#
(## ( 6=( (% (#%% (-* ? *#%, &4%# ? 6%#*&*# %# 6%;)*# (-*# 64'%*# ? ( ()# %# #)*=*# 6*=##, *()# @4( ( %# C)*)4*- =*()( ( ># 6)# 6 4 (% %*'(#%, @4( * '*( )*4# #)(*( %# %44%# @4( #&*# @4( %# ***#)*=# 6*=## ( ((( ( 4# (;# *#% ( (#, #># (% E)# ?# &4%# %# 6%;)*# (-*# 6%#*&*#, ( '%*# # 6()# *()#()( % (=** 6<'%* ? 4 #)4#*- (6(#*#% ( (4()# &4()(()( %**)##.
C #6? ( % (* ( 4*#*-, % (*
(6(#*#%( ? %# #4(*# )#*)# ( %# 6**- 6<'%*#, (% )() )*)4*#% ( 1993 **&* 4# (64()# 6%;)*# # %# C)*)4*- ( 1979, # %# @4( #)*'4? %#()( 4 % ')4**)# # %# (*# ( (*+#*- @4( (@4(;# (% 6#; ( &4*- (% (% ( (;# ( %*'( (#. R(4()# @4( ( =* =(*# 6 % 6* (4%)# (-* ( %# 6*(# ()*- ( A%# /#;# ()(
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 31
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
1985 ? 1990. C =(( # #(%#)(, %# C)*)4*- =*()( ( ># '4# 6*=#)*+# %# =*# (-*# ? ( ># *)#4# #'*()#()( (% 6**6* ( 4'**#*(#. A)(, (( 6()*()( ()(( ( %# %44%# (-*# ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1979, ? #6(*# &4( *)(6()## ()(*#.
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
6**6*
(%
E)#
4'**#*
*)(=(* *) #.
C*(# @4( ()( 6%;)* (=#( '4# *)(6()# (% )() )*)4*#% %( #'*#, ()( )# #+(, 6## (6*=#)*+# (6(# 64'%*# (% #4() ( @4( (% E)# ()# '(*(*#. S* DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 32
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
('# O># *(# @4( ( 6(* (&4)# (# *)(6()#*- '#(, ( 6*( )*, ( (% #)*4% 112 ( =*)4 (% 4#% (% E)# ##)*+# (% 6%4#%* (-*, 64( () *6%;*)# %# *4#%# 4;*# ()( % 6()*(. T#'* (&4)# O># 4#%@4*( (6*- ( E)#
4'**#*
64( (% #)*4% 11 6(*)( #% E)# ((=#
#)*=*#( 64)*=# ( (=** ? @4( (%% @4(# (%(# #% 4 ( #)*V(# (% 6**6* ( 4'**#*(# . S'( #6() 6#*#%( (% *( (-* ( 6(* (&(* '(=(()( #% )(# ( %# 66*(#, %# (6(# ? (% )#'#. ( A=(#H (H#%# @4( % #);4% 12 # 129 ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1979 ()*(( # %# 66*(# ( )* *=*%( ? )#**#%(, @4( (&()<# *=#*- #%4# '( (% )() )*)4*#% #)(*. C*)*# @4( ( >#?# %**)# (% *)( *#% ( %# 66*(# % 6## % (&() (% 4, 6( #; (% *&4)( * %# *6**-, ? @4( #(( ( #*- (% 4#%# ( #;# ( (( *)( *#%J >#( =( %# )#**- ()( (% ((> # #*#( &*( %;*) ? %# 6%#*&*#*-. C*(# @4( %# 4%)# (% E)# 6## ((=#( #)*=*#( 64)*=# ? ( (=** () =*4%## #% *)( ((#% # %# (4*# #*#% ? # #+( (-*# *()#J @4( (% 6%* ()#)#% () 6>*'* %#()( ( % (* ( 4*#*- *#%J ?, &*#%()( ( 6(4)# * (% () 6*=# 6 ((=%=(( ( )* 44#%( ? %* #% (*)* (#* ( #( #% #6*)#% *#% 6 6#)( ( % )#'##( =;# %# %%### #*( %#'#%(, #( (% ((> # 6#)**6# ( %# ()*- ? 4)*%*#(. C*(# @4( ( ()# #)(*# (*)( #'*V(# ( (% )() )*)4*#%. P 4 6#)(, M#* P# #&*# @4( %# (%##*- *(%-*# &4#()#% ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1979 (H#%#: E% E)# (( (% )#'# &4()( 6**6#% ( *@4(+#, % @4( **&*# @4( (4# %# 6*'*%*# ( *(# #% )#'# &4()( <*# ( %# *@4(+# #4@4( %# (( %# *6)#)( ? 6**)#*#, ? @4( (%% # %4# # @4( ( )# %# ( #
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 33
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
)*)4*#%( (% )#'# )(# %# 6)(*- @4( %# %(?( ( ( (#@4;# =# # 6%## ( (). A (%% ( #(# % @4( >( ?# (H#%# '( %# 6#)**6#*- ( % )#'##( ( %# ()*- ? 4)*%*#(, #6%*#'%( # ) )*6 ( 4;*# #; % 6(*)#. E (4(, #=()* @4( 4# 6#)( *6)#)( ( % ()#*)# *(#, #()##()( ( 4()# 6**-, @4( (% *( (-* ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1979 )# #% E)# #6%*# 4%)#( 6## *)(=(* ( %# =*# (-*#, (# &4%# ( %# 6%;)*# (-*# ? *#%, (*#)( %# 6%#*&*#*-, #; 6 %# (#*- ? &4*#*() ( (6(# 6<'%*#, ((=( #)*=*#( #)( (=()4#%()( 6-%*, ? )#'* #*# 6)*# #)*6()*)*=#. R(6*) #@4; % *>, ( (% ()* ( @4( 4# #)( (% E)# 6(4# )4= )# #6%*# 4%)#( ( (% )() ( 1979 6## *)(=(* ( %# =*# (-*#. E *() @4( (%** (% ((> # %# ***#)*=# (-*# ? *64 4# 6%#*&*#*- ()#%*+## ? )#'* @4( *%4? (6(;&*#()( (% ((> # %# ***#)*=# (-*# ? *64 4# 6%#*&*#*- ()#%*+## ? )#'* @4( *%4? (6(;&*#()( (% ((> # #*#%*+# (6(#, 6( (%% ((=# @4( &4( 4># 4 4%)#( ( *)(=(*-. T#'* ( ( %# #? *6)#*# (# (% )() 6%;)* ? (-* @4( (*);# ( (% () ( 4 *4*- ( %# A#'%(# C)*)4?()( ?, *6)#)( #<, %# (#%*# (-*# (6(#*#% *## 6 #( (6(# ()#)#%(, ( 4 #?;# (&**)#*# ? 6 6()*)*=#. C(( @4( (% 6**6* ( 4'**#*(# ()4= % (* ( (% )(), * #( (=*)4# ( %# 6)*# 6 %# C)*)4*- (-*# #)(*#%. R(4%)#, ( 4()# 6**-, 6 *)()( %# (=(# ;)*# #% )() 6=(*()( ( % ()( ( *+@4*(# #*#%, ?# @4( (% E)#, (6()*, )(;# #6%*# 4%)#( 6## *)(=(* ( %# =*# (-*#.
T(( # '*( %# *6(*- ( @4(
*4# ( %# &4(+# 6%;)*# 6(*- %# 6%(*# (% *( (-* )*)4*#% *+# ? @4( %# 6)*# 6%;)*# ? (-*# ( % '*( @4( 6 (%%# ( **(, ## %# ** #*#% ((#%*+## ( % (-* ? ( % 6%;)*, # % @4( ( 4 (% #'*()( *)(#*#%, &4( )*= (6%*#'%(, #4@4( 4)*&*#, 6## %# (=#*- @4( ( DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 34
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
64*;#, ( % @4( #% *( (-* ( (&*((, ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1993. L# C)*)4*- ( 1979 )(;# &*#+# ( (% E)# @4( ( %# ***#)*=# 6*=## ( (% (#.
L# *4)#*# (% () ? %# %)#
( *&#*- '( % @4( 4(;# ( (% 4, () (, (% )*4& ( %# *(# (%*'(#%(, >*+ @4( *(H## 4 E)# (% B*(()# )#; @4( (# ?# ( (( () ( *6*'%( (#%*+#*-.
L# C)*)4*- ( 1993 ># 6)#, 6 4 (% %*'(#% ? (6( # ()( 4## *%(* '( 4># ( %# &4*( @4( #)( (6;# (#%*+# #% E)#, #% @4( )#)# ( =()* ( 4 ( =**%#)( ( %# %*'( 6()(*#, # %# @4( ('( 6=(, '#)*( )# 6#)*# @4( %# %**)(.
S* '*( (% E)# ( '%*# # ()*4%# %#
(#*- ( *@4(+# A).59$, #4( (% % ( 6) ( (#%% * *)(=*(( *()#()( ( %# (;# (6*( # %# ***#)*=# 6*=## ( %# 6**6#% (6#'%( ( %# #)*=*# (-*#.
/# 6#)( ( %#
#)*=*#( (6(#*#%( (% E)# &4( )*= ( 6*=#)*+#*- ? 6## ( ( (6(# 6<'%*# # (6(# 6*=## ( '4(# 66*- ( #6*)#% ()#(. Y #>#, ( =*)4 ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1993, *4*( (# %-*#, %# (6(# 6<'%*# () 4()# # ()*) (@4**) 6## 4 (#*-. A;, 64(, (% *( (-* =*()( ()*(( @4( (% (#%% ('( ( (% (4%)# ( %# *=#%*# ()( (6(#* 6*=#, 64( 6(4( @4(
( (# #(# ( #)* %# ((*#( ( %
4*( ( % )* (&**()(.
L#
6()(*#
(-*# #@4*(( 4 =#% ( * *# (% (#* @4( *64%# (% (#%% ? (% E)# ( (6#'%( ( #(4# @4( (%%# ( #*&*()( %*'( ? %(#%()(. C(6*- ()# 4%)*# 66*# ( %# (;# ( (# ( % 6#;( #6*)#%*)# #=#+#, ? 6=*# 6 4 '*( ? %# ()*#( *)(#*#%( @4( )%#. L#
6()(*#
(-*#
)4=
4
6*(
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 35
(**()
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
)*)4*#% ( %# C#)# ( 1979 A).133$, 6( * 4# ( 6(&(*# ( (% A). "1 ( %# ( 1993, @4( (H#%#: E% E)# *%*)# ? =**%# %# %*'( 6()(*#. C'#)( )# 6)*# @4( %# %**)( ? (% #'4 ( 6**( *#)( 6-%*#. N*4# %(? * ()#*- 64(( #4)*+# * ()#'%(( 6%*.
S )#'* (**() **() 6(
**4)*'%( ( %# %*'( 6()(*#, (% (H#%#*() ( @4( %# %*'( ***#)*=# 6*=## ( ((( ( 4# (;# *#% ( (# %*'( (6(# ? %# (#*- ( *@4(+# A).59$.
E ()( ()*, %# C)*)4*- =*()(
()(*- ( @4( 4 #)((# @4( %# 6()(*# (-*# ( (% <%( ((*#% ( %# %*'()# ( (6(#. N4() T*'4#% C)*)4*#% ># (* (6(#()(, ( =#*# ()(*#, @4( (% (6) ( %*'( 6()(*# ( (4()# *6# ( 4()# C#)# F4#()#%. E 4#) # %# %*'( ***#)*=# ( #)(*# (-*# 6?(*- (% 6**6* ( %*'()# () *# )#) ( %# C)*)4*- ( 1979 ( %# ( 1993, 6( % @4( =#;# % %;*)( ( ()( ((> ? %# 4%)#( ( *)(=(*- (% E)#.
P## 4# *6)#)( #?;# (
()4*, %# 66*(# 6*=##, %# %*'()# )#)4#%, %# %*'()# ( (6(# ? %# 6()(*# (-*# % 6*%#( '( % @4( ( #*()# (% )(* ((*#% ( %# ***#)*=# 6*=## ( (% # ( 4# (;# *#% ( (#, % (% *)(# *#*, #% ( #)*=*# (-*#, * 4# =;# ( #*&()#*- ( %# **# ( %# 6(#, (% %*'( (#%% ( 4 6(#%*# ? %# %*'()# ( )#'#. D(% #);4% "0W ( (6(( @4( %# *)(=(*- (6(#*#% (% E)# %
6 )(( #)( ((6*#%,
% @4(
(4()#
&4#() ( (% (% #* 6 %# C)*)4*- @4( ( (% ( %# (;# *#% ( (# 64( ?# >( (H#%# ()# )# 4# 6)(*- (6(# # %# %*'()# ( (6(#,
# %# %*'()# (
)#)#*- ? # )# %*'()#( (-*# &4#()#%(, )(*( (% E)# % 4# &4*- ( #)( (*4#%. L# %*'( ***#)*=# 6*=## ? %# %*'()# ( (6(#, #6### ( (% ** 17 (% #);4% 2 ? ( (% #);4% 59 (% T() C)*)4*#% (% &4#() (% 6**6* ( 4'**#*#, % @4( ># * (* ( =#*# #*( 6 (% T*'4#% C)*)4*#%. DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 36
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
#? @4( )(( 6(()( @4( (% % 4'**#* (6(#*#%
)*)4?(
)#'*
(%
DE 2015
E)#
(
#)(
4 (#* ( )% 6## @4( %
(4 6<'%* ( ()*( # #)*( ((*#( @4( 64(( ( #)(*# 6 (% (# % >## ( &# *6%()#.
E% #);4% "0
#)( *)# >( ?# (#, )4= 4 #6? 6%;)* ( %# 6*# (6(*(*# ( %# ()*- ( %# (6(# ()#)#%( 4#)( % #H #)(*( # 1990, @4( 6=# (*()( &**) ( (% 6(464() #*#%.
O)# ;)*# @4( () ( (# ( @4( %# (6(#
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
E%%, #**#%()(, (4()# 4)() ( (% #);4% 3 (%
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 37
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
D(() L(*%#)*= N. 1031 @4( ()#'%(( @4( %# #)4#*- 4'**#*# ( %# 4*#( (-*# '# (% '*) (% F N#*#% ( F*#*#*() ( %# A)*=*# E6(#*#% (% E)# FONAFE$ ( (#%%# #4)*+## 6 %(? (% C( ( %# R(64'%*#J
#+- 6 %#
4#% 4# (6(# 6<'%*# *46%* ()( (@4**) &#% * ((6(H# 4 #)*=*#( (-*# '# %# >#'*%*)#*- ( 4# *6**- ( # (%#()#* ( 4# #, 4 D(() ( U(*#, @4( )*)4?( 4 *)4() *)*) #% (6(* 6 (% P#%#().
E)
# * #)*&*# 6 (% T*'4#% C)*)4*#% ( (% &4#() 4;* 31 ( 4 S()(*# (% 15 ( &('( ( 2005, (6*()( #% E6(*()( N.003200PITC @4( ()#'%(*- @4( (% #);4% "0 ( %# %(? F4#()#% ()#'%(( 4# ((=# ( %(? #'%4)#. O'=*#()(, ()( (@4**) (4( >#)# >#(%# (#6#(( %# *(*#%*# ( % &4*#* ? 6%;)*# 664%*)#.
S4'**#*# ? %*#*# 6**6* '* @4( *&# % *)(# ( (#*- (-*# ? ( #*+#*- *#%, *( /#6# A*H. E) 6**6*, #6#()(()( )#*)*, (H#%# ()( #4), ># 4# *(6( 6% ( )(*- ( %# &*4#*- (% ( *#%: U ( (%% ( (% 6**6* ( %*'()# **=*4#% ? 4'**#*(# ()#)#%, ) (% 6**6* %*#*# *#%.
( *4#%#
(
) % >'( ? (
E% 6*( (4()# 4 6)( '* ( (%
((> ( 66*(# ? ( (% *)(# ( (# *)4() ( #*#*- ( (4 ? #)**- ( ((*#(. E% (4 (4()# ( (% E)# *#%, )*)4%# %()*= ( '*(( ? #)*=*#( (-*# 6(#)*=.
? 6)# ( 6()#*( 6## ), 4 (% E %# #(4## #)*4%#*- ( #' 6**6*, ( ##
() ? ( ## %4#, #*# 4# ( %# %#=( (% E)# (. C #'(, %# ()4)4# 6%;)*# ? (-*# () #% (=** (% >'(, #+- 6 %# 4#% %# # @4( (4%# ? (# %# 4)# **=*4#%( 64(( )(( <* '()*= %# (&**(*# (-*# * @4( ## 6(# )*(( 4 =#% *4%# # 4? (=** () (% E)# ? %# DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 3
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
(;#.
DE 2015
L# #)4#%(+# ((*#%()( *#% (% >'( % 64((
(#%%#( 6%(#()( ( (%#*- % ( ? ( #>; @4( ((#*#()( (*)# 4# %*#*# ()( % *(' @4( 6( ## 4*#, (# # *=(% ( *4#, (*-, 6#; *)(#*#%. E 6 (%% @4( %# *(# ? 4 6(*&*#*- 4;*#, (% E)#, 4 &* ( * *, 4# (6(*( ( ()*# #')#)# # %# @4( ) ('# 4'*#(. L *6)#)( %# 6(#, @4( %# *(# %# #*+#*(. P ( 4)4#()( 6%(()#* %# 4'**#*(# ? %# %*#*#. O'=*#()(, (# %*#*# ( *(6( 4# ()#, 4 6**6* @4( ('( *6*# #%4# ( %# (%# ( %# (#*- (-*#.
A># '*(,
=*(( *)*4* % @4( #*&()#*( ( 4# =*)4 #% 6(#% %# %*#*# ()(*# %( ( %# #*#$ ( % @4( %# %*#*# (# 6**6* 6%;)* *6*# ( 4 *( 4;* (**'%( # ) % *4##.
Y A*H (H#%# @4( ( ()( ()* )*(( )(
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
E# &4*- *#% )*(( % @4( %# E;%*#
6)*&**# (*# 4# >*6)(# *#%, % @4( **&*# @4( ) 66*()#* ( (4 *#%. P( (% D((> ># #'* >#( () (#%*# @4( ( )# #, ( #@4(%% ( % @4( 4 ()(*# )*6 ( 66*(# ( (4()# =*4%# #% *)( #'*()#% *();&*, # %# (4*# #*#% # %# (&(# ( =#%( #);)*, ? ( ()# *4)#*# @4(# ( ( #? # =*4%## # &*#%*#( DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 3!
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
*)*)# (% 66* *)( (-* ( 4 )*)4%#. E (% 4 ( %# (6(# %# %*#*# ( 4 *)(# ( 6(#*- =%4)#*#, 64( * '*( #%4 ># **)* ( %# 6**# (% )#'# (6() (% #6*)#%, 6 %# *4)#*# ( (#%*+#% 6(#, % *() ( @4( % )*)4%#( (% #6*)#%, 4 (6(()#)(, @4*(( )# %# (**( *(*-
(%
*6)#)(
(&(()(
#
%#
#*+#*-
?
6( 64)*=, # % (* ( &*#*#*-, # %
6(* # %# 66*# 4*# %*@4*#*-.
P( #'( 4# @4(
( 4# (6(# #)4#% % *6)#)( ( (% #6*)#% *)#*'%(, (% 4#% &# 6#)( % )#'##( ? 4 6)(*#% >4#. D( #>; ( @4( ( '4# 4# *)(#*- ? 4# *()*&*#*- ()( (6%(# ? (6(#, ? (( (# 6(6()*=# ( >#'%# ( 4 &4*- *#% @4( =*4%# % # 66*()#* ? )#'##( * )#'* # 4*(, 44#* ? (% () *#%. P( '*( (H#%# A*H, * (# ( (( (% ((> ( % )#'##( # 6#)**6# ( % '((&** (6(#*#%( ? * (# )#6 %# (6#'*%*#
*#% @4( )*(( %# (6(# # )#= ( %# 4#%( (
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
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
(#%%J @4( *< 64('% ('( 6()(( ((=# 4 *@4(+# 6## 4 4 (%4*=, # #4 #)( %# (*()( **(*# ( % 6#;( 4'(#%%, PP, 8$. A)(, 4# III >#';# (H#%# @4( %# 4*=(#% %*#*# >4## (% ()**() ( &#)(*# *)*## (*( ( #(# #'%4)#, @4( % 64('% ( 6()( #)*=# ? =#*## #?4# 4)4#.
E% ('( ( >6*)#%*# 6## % (*#)( ()#(, @4(
( ('( ( %*#*# >4## ? ( #*# *)*##, *4'( )#) # %# *%*# # %# #*+#*( 4%)4#%( ? (% ('( ( &#)(*# ( % 64('% ( 6(()# '# 4 )*6%( #6(): (% ('( ( %*#*#, (% ( 4)**# *#% ? (% ( #*#, ? ( (%% =# (% 6=(* ( %# *=*%*+#*- 4*#%.
T % >'( ? ) % 64('% ('( #4* 4
(6#'*%*#( 6## (*&*# 4 4 (. A># '*(, (< %# D.S. %# #*( ()# 6## 4# (# 4)#*#% ( %# =*# >4## ( *(# ('( (#%*+#( %# %#'#*- ( ), (6(*#%()( ( %# 4*# *)(#*#%, 6( )#'* ()( %# *# #*( ( =;# ( (#%%, ? (% ((** ( %# %*#*# () ( ##
*(#
(
=%*
%
4#
4
*(' ( (( 6(# 64(, ( %# )#(# ( 46(# % ')4% #%( 6## (% (#%%, ( 4 =#% 6*)*= %# *(*# (*()( ( %# *)((6((*# 6(*'*# *)(# ()(*#)( ( (#*( ( (% 4 #)4#%, ( 4 #6() (-*, 4%)4#%, 6%;)* ? (%**, ? #4*# #)(;# #%.
Y #&*# 4# %#
*)((6((*# ( (*# #;, 4 (6*()( (64()#, #)*)4 #% ? *#% ? =*)4, ( %# %*#*#. S6(*- # % @4*)#( (6#H%(, ? #; % 64*( ( #*&*() % *)# (% *% !I, % )#'%( % (-* ? #**)#)*= ( % *#, #4@4( ( )#)#'# ( 4# (;# * (#, (# * (*#%.
L# (*6*#, *( M#*# R)*, (# 4
*)(# #*+#)*= *(-* @4( (4%#'# %# 6()#*( ( (=** # *=( *=(%( ? (=*# ( (##( ( %# 64*- ? *)*'4*- ( '*((.
E# 4 (#*() ( %# (%#*( ()( %
*(' ( 4# *(# 4?# (;# (;# (% 4 (% DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 41
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
*(. E*)*- ( ) (% '*) #* ? #)4- (%#'- ()( % *=( (% ( #*+#*( (-*# 6(()( ( (% #6%* )(*)*. S( *)*4( *=(%( ( (*6*#: 6 4# 6#)( %# 4*#( 4#%( #?%%4$ 4*# ()( * 6 %#+ ( 6#()( ? 6 )# 6#)( (% E)# *# (# ( 4 #6##) *%*)# ? #**)#)*=, '((&**#* ( %# 6()#*( ( (=** ( 4 <'*) ? 4? ((()( (# (*)*'4*. R)* >#( 4 #6%* #%** ( %# (=%4*- ( %# (*6*# #)( ? 4#)( (% *6(* *#* ? ( 4 % 6**#% (( ( % *) *#. E )* ( 6;# (H#%#( @4( ( )#'#'# ( (%#*( ( (% '*) (% D((> P*=#, *- *(*)()( ( (% 4 #* 6(>*6* 6( &4()( 6((*# (4%#)*# &)*# ()#)#%.
C%4* (% ()4* (% )(# @4(( >#( 4# 6(**- @4( 6#(( *6)#)( (*# # ( *(#*- ((#%. #)# >#( 4 )*(6 #) ( >#'%#'# ( %# *6(*# ((*# ( *)4* () (% E)# ( D((> # %# (#*# 6%;)*#, 6( #( # %# (#*# *(-*#. S( >#;# ((#* ()# % 6**6* ? ((> @4(
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 42
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
(%**)# ? 4)()# %# ()4)4# 6%;)*#, (-*# ? *#% % 6**6* ()* ( %# 6#)**6#*- 664%#, ? ( # 6#)* ( #%%;, @4( (( @4( ( (6*(+# # >#'%# ( % @4( #)4#%()( ( E)# *#% ? ()* ( ((>, @4( ( ( #'(, (% )*6 ( ()# @4( )(( ( 4() 6#;. E (&(), (% E)# P(4#, &( # % 6(=*) ( % #);4% 3G ? 3G ( 4()# C#)# M## #4( % ##)(( '* ( E)# *#% ? ()* ( D((>. C'# % (64() 6 (% T*'4#% C)*)4*#% ( %# ()(*# NG 08 200AITC 4# (H#%# @4( @4(% )*6 ( ()# ( )*)4?( #%)(#)*=# 6%;)*# &()( #% E)# L*'(#%, * '*( #4( % &4#() ( )(, %( *6*( &4*( ( #)( *#%J 4 6()(*- ( @4( % 6**6* @4( % 4)()# ? 4)*&*# )(# 4# '#( ? 4 )(* *#%. E%% 6@4( ( ()( (% ( E)#, % ((> (% **=*4 (%4?()( ( % *)((( ( %# *(#, 64( %# (#%*+#*- ( 4 64(( ( * (% 4 (% ). S( )#)# ( 4 )*6 ( E)# @4( 64# %# *)(#*- *#% ? *%*# % %(;)* *)((( ( %# *(# % %(;)* *)((( ( %# 6(#, 4?# (&(# ? (% (6() ( 4 **# )*)4?( (% &* 46( ( %# *(# ? (% E)# #);4% 1W ( %# C)*)4*-$. P ) %#, *> %(*# )*)4*#% ( %# ()(*# NG 0082003AITC ((H# @4( *># &# ( ()# )*(( 6)( '#( ()(*# 6**6* ((*#%( %# ( '(#;# 664%#, (% 6%( (**() ( % ((> &4#()#%(, (6##*- ( %# &4*( 46(# (% ()#J 6**6* ( % 4#%( ( (*=# %# *4#%# #)( %# %(? ? (% (**() ( @4( (% (#%% (% 6#; ( (#%*+# ( (% # ( 4# (;# *#% ( (#. L #)( (64(), (=*(( )#'* ( *6)#*#, ('* # @4( %# (;# *#% ( (# ( 4# **- *( @4# (% E)# *#% ? ()* ( ((>. P (%% (% TC *( @4( ('( ( ((*# (6#'*%*# *#% ? '# (% 6(464() ( % =#%( )*)4*#%( ( %# %*'()# ? %# 4)**#. E (( ()*, (% E)# *#% ? ()* ( DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 43
ECONOMIA SOCIAL DE MERCADO
DE 2015
((> '=*# % 6**6* ? ((> '* (% E)# ( ((>, )#%( %# %*'()#, %# (4*#, %# 66*(# 6*=## ? %# *4#%# #)( %# %(?J #)( '*(, 6()(( (4* 4 #? (&()*=*#, )% ( 4# '#( ? 4 )(* #)(*#%, # 6#)* (% 464() ( @4( **=*4 ? *(# #)(;# #*%## ? )#*)*#, * )* ( *6%*#*- (;6#. %*'()#
*
#6#H#
A;,
4 ()#'%(**() (
>#?
6*'*%*#
(
#)(*#%*+#
?
##);#
&#%(
%# =#
4# **( (*)(*#%( ;*# @4( >##
6*'%( 4 ((** (#%.
DERECHO MONETARIO, BANCARIO Y DE SEGUROS 44