UNIVERSIDAD ANDINA NÉSTOR CÁCERES VELÁSQUEZ FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS Y POLÍTICAS ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE DERECHO
MONOGRAFÍA : ANÁLISIS SOBRE EL DELITO DE SECUESTRO EN EL PERU ALUMNOS:
VIRTUD GAMARRA GONZALES
WILL YONATHAN GUERRA WIMA
CLINTON OLGUIN VILCA
JOSE FERNANDO CONCHA CASTRO
CHRISTIAN BRAY BRAYAN TORRES CHAMBILLA SEMESTRE IX “A” PUNO OCTUBRE !"#$
DEDICATORIA P%&'( &'&)*+( ',-' ',./'(0% + /1+ ,%2+ 3'(,%1+ % + 4+()+, 3'(,%1+, ,'(5+ /1 3%*% *%632)*+&%7 3%(8/' 3%&(5+6%, *%6'-'( '2 '((%( &' %24)&+(1%, &' +29/1%, &' '22%,7 3%( 2% 8/' '1 ',-+ %3%(-/1)&+& ,' 2% &'&)*+6%, + -%&+, 2+, 3'(,%1+, 8/' 1%, +2'1-+(%1 +3%(-+(%1 *%1 ,/ -%8/' ',3'*)+2 3+(+ 3%&'( ('+2)0+( ',-' -(+;+<%7 1%6;(+( + 2%, 6=, )63%(-+1-', ,' (',/6'1 + 1/',-(%, 3+&(',7 + 1/',-(%, >'(6+1%,7 ,)1 %24)&+(1%, &' 1/',-(%, *%63+?'(%,7 8/)'1', *%1 ,/, ;(%6+, -+6;)@1 1%, )63/2,+(%1 + *%1,'9/)( ',-% 2%9(% A 1/',-(+ 4)4'1*)+ 3+,+&+ 8/' 1%, 6%-)4+ +1 6=, + ,'( 2% 8/' 1%, ',-+6%, 3(%3%1)'1&% ,'(7 + 1/',-(% 3(','1-' 2% 8/' 1%, &'6%,-( 8/' ,' 3/'&' *%1,'9/)( */+28/)'( *%,+ *%1 ',./'(0% + 1/',-(% ./-/(% 3+(+ *%1*2/)( &' /1+ 6+1'(+ ('*-+ ;()22+1-' -%&% '2 -(+1,*/(,% &' 1/',-(% ',-/&)%, /1)4'(,)-+()% '1 2+ U1)4'(,)&+& A1&)1+ N@,-%( C=*'(', V'2=,8/'0 8/' >% 1%, +*%9' M/*>+, 9(+*)+,
))
AGRADECIMIENTO U1 ,)1*'(% +9(+&'*)6)'1-% +2 &%*'1-', &'2 C/(,%7 8/)'1 1%, )63+(-)'(%1 ,/, *%1%*)6)'1-%, 1%, )2/,-(+ +*'(*+ &'2 -'6+ 8/' >% 1%, -%*+ &',+((%22+( + -(+4@, &' ',-+ 6%1%9(+.5+ A 1/',-(%, &),-)19/)&%, &%*'1-', &' 2+ C+(('(+ P(%.',)%1+2 &' D'('*>%7 8/)'1', *%1 ,/, 3()1*)3)%, ' )11/6'(+;2', *%1%*)6)'1-%, 1%, %()'1-+1 *%1 ,/, %;,'(4+*)%1', 3'(6)-'1 3'(.'**)%1+( -%&% -(+;+<% 3+(+ 8/' ,'+ ./'1-' &' *%1,/2-+ 3+(+ 3%,-'()%(', ',-/&)+1-',
)))
INDICE
)4
I
INTRODUCCIÓ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“,'*/',-(% +2 3+,%” .)9/(+ 8/' ',-= )16'(,+ '1 '2 +(-5*/2% #! &'2 CP7 6)'1-(+, 8/' +9(/3+*)%1', *%1.%(6+&+, 3%( !" % 6=, *%1,-)-/'1 “;+1&+, %(9+1)0+&+,” 8/' 3%1'1 '1 <+8/' + */+28/)'( 3'(,%1+ % 6)'6;(% 3%2)*)+2 C%1 '2 -(+1,*/(()( &'2 -)'63% ',-+, 3'(,%1+, >+1 +2*+10+&% “1)4'2', )63(',)%1+1-',” '1 ',-+ +*-)4)&+& &'2)*-)4+ N% 3%( '2 >'*>% &' 8/' ,' )63%19+ *+&'1+ 3'(3'-/+ '1 ,)-/+*)%1', +9(+4+1-', ,' 4+ + '((+&)*+( '2 ,'*/',-(%7 ,)1% 6=, ;)'1 +/6'1-+(=1 2%, “,'*/',-(%, +2 3+,%”7 >+ 8/' ('*%(&+( 8/' ',-+, 3'(,%1+, ,%1 6/ >=;)2', ' )1-'2)9'1-', 1% ,%1 .=*)2', &' +-(+3+( 8/' ',-= +*-)4)&+& 1% ,%2% ,' &+ + 1)4'2 1+*)%1+2 ,)1% -+6;)@1 + -(+,*'1&)&% + 1)4'2 ,/&+6'()*+1% '/(%3'%
II
SITUACIÓN REAL DEL SECUESTRO E2 -'1'( +**',% + +(6+, &' ./'9%7 *'2/2+(',7 -'1'( *%1-+*-%, '1 -%&%, 2%, 1)4'2', ' )1*2/,% +1&+( + 2+ 3+( *%1 +2-+ -'*1%2%95+ +*('*)'1-+ + ,'9/)( 4)'1&% -'1)'1&% 9(/3%, % ;+1&+, 8/' ,' &'&)*+1 + ',-+ +*-)4)&+& &'2)*-)4+ N% ',-= 3%( &'6=, 6'1*)%1+( 8/' -%&% ',-+;2'*)6)'1-% 3'1)-'1*)+()% ', ',*/'2+ 3+(+ +3('1&'( +*-)4)&+&', *()6)1+2', *%6% ', '2 *+,% &'2 ,'*/',-(% 8/' ,' 32+1).)*+ ,' 2%9(+ .)1+1*)+( '1 2%, 6),6%, ',-+;2'*)6)'1-%, #7 -%&% 3%( '2 >'*>% &' 1% ,'( *%2%*+&%, '1 2%, 3+;'22%1', 3%( '2 &'2)-% 8/' >+1 *%6'-)&%7 1) 3%( 2+ ,)-/+*)1 2'9+2 '1 8/' ,' '1*/'1-(+1!7 ,)1% 8/' ', 3%( '2 2/9+( &' (',)&'1*)+ &' &%1&' 3(%4)'1'1 8/' )1*2/,% 2%,
#
PEREZ GUADALUPE7 J%,@ L/), “L+ *%1,-(/**)1 ,%*)+2 &' 2+ ('+2)&+& *+(*'2+()+” F%1&% E&)-%()+2 PUCP #(+ '&)*)1 J/1)% !""" P'( 33!#$ T+2 *%6% 2% &+ + *%1%*'( '1 .%(6+ +632)+ '2 +/-%( *)-+&%7 *%1 ('.'('1*)+ + 8/' &'1-(% &' 2+ <'(+(8/5+ &'2)*-)4+ “'2 ,'*/',-(+&%(” ,' '1*/'1-(+ '1 '2 1)4'2 6=, +2-% ', '2 8/' 9%0+ &' 6+%( 3(',-)9)% ! HUGO VIZCARDO7 S)2.('&% “D'('*>% P'1)-'1*)+()% P'(/+1%: L'**)%1', &' D'('*>% P '1+2” E&)- I1,-)-/-% &' I14',-)9+*)%1', J/(5&)*+, #(+ '&)*)1 !"" P'( 33 #K S' *%63+(-' *%1 '2 +/-%( *%1 (',3'*-% + 8/' 2+ ,'3+(+*)1 &'2 I1-'(1% *%((',3%1&)'1-' &' +*/'(&% + ,/ ,)-/+*)1
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“;2+1*%,” *%6% 3'(,%1+2 &' ,'9/()&+& % ,'(4)*)% III
SECUESTROS EXPRESS E,-' -)3% &' 6%&+2)&+& ,%1 2%, “,'*/',-(%, +2 3+,%” '1 &%1&' 1% &),-)19/'1 ',-(+-%, ,%*)+2', 1) ;/,*+1 9(+1&', ;%-)1', E1 '2 P'( ,%1 ,'*/',-(%, +2 3+,%7 '1 S/&+6@()*+7 C'1-(%+6@()*+ E/(%3+ ,' 2', 22+6+ “,'*/',-(%, '3(',,” S%2% '1 C%2%6;)+ ,' 2' *%1%*' *%6% “3',*+ 6)2+9(%,+” E1 /1 ,'*/',-(% +2 3+,% 2% 3()6%(&)+2 3+(+ 2%, &'2)1*/'1-', ', 1% &'6%(+( 6/*>%7 3('.)'('1 &',>+*'(,' &' 2+ 45*-)6+ 2% 6=, (=3)&% 3%,);2' E1 ',-' -)3% &' S'*/',-(% 3('&%6)1+1 2+ -=*-)*+ &'2 -+),-+7 2+ ,)632' )1-'(*'3-+*)1 '1 2+ *+22' % 2+ -@*1)*+ &'2 *%2'*-)4% A,5 *%6%7 '2 (',/2-+&% &'2 ('92+<' 8/' >+*'1 2%, &'2)1*/'1-', *%6/1', '1 2+, +9'1*)+, ;+1*+()+, 3+(+ )&'1-).)*+( + 2+, 3'(,%1+, 8/' >+*'1 ('-)(%, &' 9(+1&', ,/6+, &' &)1'(% E1 '2 *+,% &' C%2%6;)+ *%1,),-' '1 '2 “+;%(&+<'” &' +/-%64)2', '1 *+(('-'(+, ,%2)-+()+, L%, &'2)1*/'1-', ,'2'**)%1+1 + ,/, 45*-)6+, ,'91 2+ 6+(*+ &'2 +/-% 8/' 6+1'<'7 '2 16'(% &' -+(<'-+, &' *(@&)-% 8/' /,' ,) ,/ +,3'*-% '-'()%( 3/'&' &+( )&'+ &' ()8/'0+K
EL COMERCIO M)@(*%2', "#"" 3 + D' 2+ .'*>+ *)-+&+ *%1 ('2+*)1 + 2+ .'*>+ +*-/+2 &'2 !"" 3'(,),-' ',-+ .)9/(+ &' +29/1%, ,/;%.)*)+2', &' 2+ PNP 8/' ,' 4)'1'1 &'&)*+1&% + ',-+ +*-)4)&+& &'2)*-)4+ K REYES ECHANDA7 A2.%1,% “C()6)1%2%95+” E&)-%()+2 T'6), (+ (')63(',)1 4+ '&)*)1 # B%9%-= C%2%6;)+ 33 !!! E1 .%(6+ &'-+22+&+ '32)*+ '2 6%&% &' +;%(&+<'7 *+(+*-'(5,-)*+, ,)6)2+(', + 2+, &'2 P'( 8/' *+&+ +?% ,' 4)'1'1 3'(.'**)%1+1&%
4)
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“I14',-)9+*)1 C()6)1+2 C()6)1+25,-)*+” E&)-%()+2 T'6), #(+ '&)*)1 !""" B%9%-= C%2%6;)+ 33 K A6;%, +/-%(', ,%,-)'1'1 8/' 3+(+ '2 ',-/&)% &'2 3'(.)2 &' /1
4))
A,5 6),6% ,%1 +8/'22%, 8/' &),.(/-+1 &' ,/ -(+;+<%7
VÍ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
&'2)1*/'1-' &';' ,'( +1+2)0+&% '1 .%(6+ 51-'9(+7 ,%;(' -%&% )1*)&'1 '1 2%, ,'1-)6)'1-%, 3+('*'(', 8/' ',-%, -)'1'1 8/' &';'1 ,'( -%6+&%, '1 */'1-+ *%1 ('2+*)1 +2 ',-/&)% &' ,/ 3'(.)2
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BIBLIOGRAFÍA
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CASTILLO ALVA7 J%,@ L/), “H%6)*)&)% C%6'1-+()%, &' 2+, .)9/(+, ./1&+6'1-+2',” E&)-%()+2 G+*'-+ J/(5&)*+ #(+ '&)*)1 M+% !""" P'(
CASTILLO ALVA7 J%,@ L/), “P()1*)3)%, &' D'('*>% P'1+2 P+(-' G'1'(+2” E&)-%()+2 G+*'-+ J/(5&)*+ #(+ '&)*)1 F';('(% !""! P'(
EL COMERCIO M)@(*%2', "#"" 3 +
EL COMERCIO !""!"K
EL COMERCIO M+(-', !"K" 3 +!
GARAYCOTT ORELLANA7 N%(6+1 “C%6'1-+()%, +2 C&)9% &' E<'*/*)1 P'1+2” E&)-%()+2 UNMSM (+ '&)*)1 !""K P'(
HUGO VIZCARDO7 S)2.('&% “D'('*>% P'1)-'1*)+()% P'(/+1%: L'**)%1', &' D'('*>% P'1+2” E&)- I1,-)-/-% &' I14',-)9+*)%1', J/(5&)*+, #(+ '&)*)1 !"" P'( 4
LA REPBLICA J/'4', !"" 33##$
LPEZ CALVO P'&(% GMEZ SILVA P'&(% “I14',-)9+*)1 C()6)1+2 C()6)1+25,-)*+” E&)-%()+2 T'6), #(+ '&)*)1 !""" B%9%-= C%2%6;)+
MORRIS7 N%(6+2 “E2 F/-/(% &' 2+, P(),)%1',” E&)-%(', S)92% V')1-)/1% -+ '&)*)1 # M@)*%
PEREZ GUADALUPE7 J%,@ L/), “L+ *%1,-(/**)1 ,%*)+2 &' 2+ ('+2)&+& *+(*'2+()+” F%1&% E&)-%()+2 PUCP #(+ '&)*)1 J/1)% !""" P'(
POLAINO NAVARRETE7 M)9/'2 “I1,-)-/*)%1', &' D'('*>% P'1+2 P+(-' G'1'(+2” E&)-%()+2 G()<2' #(+ '&)*)1 A9%,-% !"" P'(
REYES ECHANDA7 A2.%1,% “C()6)1%2%95+” E&)-%()+2 T'6), (+ (')63(',)1 4+ '&)*)1 # B%9%-= C%2%6;)+
VILLA STEIN7 J+4)'( “D'('*>% P'1+2 P+(-' E,3'*)+2 IB” D'2)-%, *%1-(+ '2 H%1%(7 2+ F+6)2)+ 2+ L);'(-+&” E&)-%()+2 UNMSM #(+ '&)*)1 # P'(
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