r = k. [A]a[B] b[C]c…[L]l = j.Aa
(2.67)
Dimana J = k. [B] b[C]c…[L]l
2.13
(2.68)
Sal al!"al la la#i$an 1. Laj% kn"%m"i ra&ikal C'3 a&a rak"i 2 C'3 (*) (*)
C'3 C'3 (*) a&ala$ &n*an
&[C'3]+&# = 1,2 -+&#!1. Braa laj% rak"i &an laj% mbn#%kan &[C'3C'3]+&# 2. Jika rak"i A
r&%k a&ala$ br!r& br!r& nl, *ambarkan *ra/ik [A] [A] 0r"% ak#%
3. ak"i r& "a#% 2A
2B 4 C mn*$a"ilkan 35 "m%rna "#la$ 325 &#ik.
(a) #n#%kan k (b) braa ak#% an* &irl%kan "%aa rak"i brlan*"%n* 79 :. %n#%k rak"i /a" *a" 2 ;2<5
: ;<2 4 <2 mmiliki kn"#an#a laj% rak"i "b"ar
1,73.19!5 &#ik !1 a&a #mra#%r 25C. Laj% rak"i an* #rma#ai a&ala$ mn*ik%#i r"amaan r = k[;2<5] (a) $i#%n*la$ ak#% ar%$ %n#%k rak"i &km"i"i ;2<5 (b) $i#%n*l $i#%n*la$ a$ [;2<5] "# "#la la$ $ 2:,9 2:,9 jam jam jika jika [;2<5]9 = 9,919 9,919 ml.li ml.li#r #r !1 a&a #mra#%r an* "ama 5. Dik#a$%i ba$a n*%raian ' mnja&i $&r*n &an i&i%m a&a #mra#%r 598 C mm%nai ak#% ar%$ "b"ar 135 mni# bila #kanan aal ' a&ala$ 9,1 a#m &an 13,5 mni# bila #kanan aal 1 a#m. (a) #%nj%kan ba$a ka&aan ini mmb%k#ikan ba$a rak"i r& &%a (b) braa nilai kn"#an#a laj% rak"i
6. ak"i rinal&$i& &an a"am $i&r"iana# a&a 25C &alam lar%#an air &ilajari &n*an &a#a kn"n#ra"i a&a brba*ai ak#% "ba*ai brik%# #+mni# 2,78 5,33 8,17 !1 ['C;]+ml.L 9,9>>9 9,9>96 9,9839 !1 [C3'7C'<]ml.L 9,9566 9,9:82 9,9:96 Braa r& rak"i &an kn"#an#a laj% rak"ina 7. ak"i C'3C'2 ;<2 4 <'!
15,23 9,9796 9,9282
1>,89 9,9653 9,922>
? 9,9:2: 9,9999
'2< 4 C'3C';<2! mr%akan rak"i brr& &%a
&n*an nilai k a&a 9 C "b"ar 3>,1 L.ml!1.mni#!1. S%a#% lar%#an &alam air &ib%a# "&mikian "$in**a kn"n#ra"i ni#r#ana 9,99: mlar &an ;a<' 9,995 mlar. Braa ak#% an* &ib%#%$kan "%aa >9 ni#r#ana brak"i 8. 'i&r*n rk"i&a brak"i &n*an in #i"%l/a# &alam lar%#an an* "&iki# a"am mn%r%# rak"i '2<2 4 2S2<32! 4 '4
2'2< 4 S:<62!
Dalam &ara$ ' an#ara :!6 laj% rak"i #i&ak br*an#%n* a&a kn"n#ra"i in $i&r*n. Da#a &ibaa$ ini &irl$ a&a 25 C &an ' 5,9. @n"n#ra"i aal $i&r*n rk"i&a 9,9368 ml.L!1 &an kn"n#ra"i #i"%l/a# aal = 9,929: ml.L!1. #+mni# 16 36 2! !1 [S2<3 ]+ml.L 19,39 5,18 Braa r& rak"i &an $ar*a kn"#an#a laj% rak"ina
:3 :,16
52 3,13
>. Lar%#an A &icam%r &n*an lar%#an B &alam 0l%m an* "ama &an mn*an&%n* j%mla$ ml an* "ama %la. rja&i rak"i A 4 B
C. ""%&a$ 1 jam, 75 A "%&a$
brak"i. Braa j%mla$ A an* bl%m brak"i ""%&a$ 2 jam bila rak"i a&ala$ (a)
11. n#%k $%k%m laj% rak"i r = k[A]n, braaka$ $ar*a n %n#%k rak"i an* akan $abi" "m%rna a&a "%a#% ak#% #r#n#% (a /ini# #im) 12. ak"i 3ArS<2'
ArS<2' 4 Ar S<3' 4 '2< (&imana Ar = !#ll) &alam lar%#an
a"am a"#a# a&a 79 C &iama#i "ba*ai brik%# [ArS<2']+(mml+L) 199 8:,3 72,2 6:,9 56,8 38,7 2>,7 1>,6 #+mni# 9 15 39 :5 69 129 189 399 %nakan m#&a ak#% ar%$ %n#%k nn#%an r& rak"i &an rkiraan $ar*a kn"#an#a laj% rak"i #r"b%# a&a #mra#%r 79C 13. Laj% aal %n#%k rak"i 2A 4 C
r&%k a&a #mra#%r 399 @ &ilak%kan a&a
brba*ai 0aria"i kn"n#ra"i [A]9+(ml+L) 9,29 9,69 9,29 9,69 [B]9+(ml+L) 9,39 9,39 9,>9 9,39 [C]9+(ml+L) 9,15 9,15 9,15 9,:5 199r9+ml+(L.mni#) 9,69 1,81 5,38 1,81 n#%kan r& rak"i ar"ial #r$a&a #ia!#ia kmnn &an r& rak"i ##al, "r#a #n#%kan $ar*a kn"#an#a laj% rak"ina 1:. %n#%k rak"i A
r&%k, &a#a &n*an [A]9 = 9,699 ml.li#r !1 a&ala$
#+mni# 9 199 299 399 :99 [A]+[A]9 1 9,82> 9,688 9,5>7 9,511 n#%kan r& rak"i &an braaka$ $ar*a kn"#an#a laj% rak"ina
699 9,385
1999 9,2:8
