Tugas
Oleh :
ANDI SITTI ZAENAB SYUKRIADI F1F113086 B
JURUSAN FARMASI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS HALU OLEO KENDARI 2014
KATA PENGANTAR
Puj s!u"u# "$a %a&ja$"a& "e ha'#a$ Tuha& !a&g (aha Esa "a#e&a 'e&ga& h'a!ah)N!a sa!a 'a%a$ *e&!elesa"a& $ugas *a"alah & se+aga *a"alah sa!a 'ala* *e&!elesa"a& $ugas *e&ge&a Analisis volumetri (asidi-alkalimetri) . (a"alah & 'susu& 'e&ga& ha#a%a& aga# 'a%a$ +e#gu&a +ag %a#a %e*+a,a se+aga su*+e# #e-e#e&s %e*+elaja#a&. Na*u& se+aga*a&a %e%a$ah *e&ga$a"a&/$a" a'a ga'&g !a&g $a" #e$a"/sa#a& 'a& "#$" !a&g *e*+a&gu& $e$a% "a* +u$uh"a& gu&a *e*%e#'ala* %e&ge$ahua& "a* u&$u" *e&ja' !a&g le+h +a" 'a#%a'a se"a#a&g. Se*ga *a"alah & 'a%a$ +e#gu&a +ag %e&uls *au%u& %e*+a,a.
Ke&'a#/ (a#e$ 012
Pe&!usu&
DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR...................................................................... ..................................i DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................................ii A I PENDA!"#"AN A. #atar elakan$......................................................................................................% . Tu&uan.................................................................................. ..................................% '. Rumusan asala..................................................................................................% A II PEA!ASAN A. Analisis *olumetri (Asidi-Alkalimetri)................................................. ................+-, A III PEN"T"P A. Kesimulan...................................................................................................... ...... . Saran....................................................................................... ............................... DAFTAR P"STAKA.................................................................................... ...................iii
BAB I PENDAU4UAN A. 4a$a# Bela"a&g Salah sa$u a%l"as s$"*e$# la#u$a& a'alah $$#as. T$#as *e#u%a"a& sua$u *e$'e !a&g +e#$ujua& u&$u" *e&e&$u"a& +a&!a"&!a sua$u la#u$a& 'e&ga& "&se&$#as !a&g $elah '"e$ahu aga# $e%a$ ha+s +e#ea"s 'e&ga& seju*lah la#u$a& !a& g 'a&alss a$au &g& '"e$ahu "a'a#&!a a$au "&se&$#as&!a. Sua$u 5a$ !a&g a"a& '$e&$u"a& "&se&$#as&!a 'se+u$ se+aga $$#a&7 'a& +asa&!a 'le$a""a& ' 'ala* la+u E#le&*e!e#/ se'a&g"a& 5a$ !a&g $elah '"e$ahu "&se&$#as&!a 'se+u$ se+aga $$e#7 a$au $$#a$7 'a& +asa&!a 'le$a""a& ' 'ala* +u#e$7. Ba" $$e# *au%u& $$#a& +asa&!a +e#u%a la#u$a&. T$#as +asa&!a '+e'a"a& +e#'asa#"a& je&s #ea"s !a&g $e#l+a$ ' 'ala* %#ses $$#as/ se+aga ,&$h +la *el+a$"a& #ea"s asa* +asa *a"a 'se+u$ se+aga $$#as asa* +asa a$au as'e al"al*e$#/ $$#as #e' u&$u" $$#as !a&g *el+a$"a& #ea"s #e'u"s "s'as/ $$#as "*%le"s*e$# u&$u" $$#as !a&g *el+a$"a& %e*+e&$u"a& #ea"s "*%le"s 'a& la& se+aga&!a K*a a&al$" 'a%a$ '+ag *e&ja' 'ua +'a&g !a$u a&alss "ual$a$- 'a& "ua&$$a$-. A&alss "ual$a$- +e#"a$a& 'e&ga& 'e&$-"as 5a$)5a$ "*a9 *e&ge&al u&su# a$au se&!aa a%a !a&g a'a 'ala* sua$u sa*%el. Kalau *au $ahu "a'a# sa*%el&!a *a"a 'gu&a"a& a&alss "ua&$$a$-. A&alss & +e#"a$a& 'e&ga& %e&e$a%a& +e#a%a +a&!a" sua$u 5a$ $e#$e&$u !a&g $e#"a&'u&g 'ala* sua$u sa*%el. B. Tujua& 1. (e&ge$ahu *a,a*)*a,a* a&als "*a . (e&ge$ahu salah sa$u a&alss "ua&$$a$- ;lu*e$# 3. (e&ge$ahu a&alss as'*e$# 'a& al"al*e$# <. Ru*usa& (asalah 1. A%a saja *a,a*)*a,a* 'a# a&alss "*a= . Baga*a&a a&alss ;lu*e$# $u= 3. Baga*a&a a&alss as'*e$# 'a& al"al*e$# $u=
BAB II
PE(BAASAN A. A&alss >lu*e$# ?As')Al"al*e$#@ A&alsa ;lu*e$# *e#u%a"a& +aga& 'a# "*a a&alsa "ua&$$a$-/ ' *a&a %e&e&$ua& 5a$ 'la"u"a& 'e&ga& jala& %e&gu"u#a& ;lu*e la#u$a& a$au +e#a$ 5a$ !a&g '"e$ahu "&se&$#as&!a/ !a&g '+u$uh"a& u&$u" +e#ea"s se,a#a "ua&$$a$- 'e&ga& la#u$a& 5a$ !a&g '+u$uh"a& $a'. Dala* ;lu*e$#/ %e&e&$ua& 'la"u"a& 'e&ga& jala& $$#as !a$u/ sua$u %#ses ' *a&a la#u$a& +a"u ?'ala* +e&$u" la#u$a& !a&g $elah '"e$ahu "&se&$#as&!a@ '$a*+ah"a& se'"$ 'e* se'"$ 'a# se+uah +u#e$ %a'a la#u$a& !a&g '$e&$u"a& a$au !a&g '$$#as sa*%a "e'ua&!a +e#ea"s sa*%a se*%u#&a 'a& *e&,a%a ju*lah eu;ale& la#u$a& +a"u sa*a 'e&ga& &l eu;ale& la#u$a& !a&g '$$#as 'a& $$" $$#as & '&a*a"a& $$" eu;ale& a$au $$" a"h# $$#as. U&$u" *e&ge$ahu "ese*%u#&aa& +e#la&gsu&g&!a #ea"s a&$a#a la#u$a& +a"u 'a& la#u$a& !a&g '$$#as 'gu&a"a& sua$u 5a$ "*a !a&g '"e&al se+aga &'"a$#/ !a&g 'a%a$ *e*+a&$u 'ala* *e&e&$u"a& "a%a& %e&a*+aha& $$#a& ha#us 'he&$"a&. Bla #ea"s a&$a#a la#u$a& !a&g '$$#as 'e&ga& la#u$a& +a"u $elah +e#la&gsu&g se*%u#&a/ *a"a &'"a$# ha#us *e*+e#"a& %e#u+aha& ;sual !a&g jelas %a'a la#u$a& ?*sal&!a 'e&ga& a'a&!a %e#u+aha& a#&a a$au %e*+e&$u"a& e&'a%a&@. T$" %a'a saa$ &'"a$# *e*+e#"a& %e#u+aha& 'se+u$ $$" a"h# $$#as 'a& %a'a saa$ $u $$#as ha#us 'he&$"a&. Dala* ;lu*e$# '"e&al *a,a* la#u$a& +a"u/ !a$u +a"u %#*e# 'a& +a"u se"u&'e#. A. aku Primer Ya$u la#u$a& '*a&a "a'a#&!a 'a%a$ '"e$ahu se,a#a la&gsu&g/ "a#e&a '%e#leh 'a# hasl %e&*+a&ga&. Pa'a u*u*&!a "a'a#&!a 'a%a$ '&!a$a"a& 'ala* N ?*l.Eu;ale&4@ a$au ( ?*l4@. <&$h la#u$a& +a"u %#*e# a'alah : Na
Dala* a&alss "*a/ $e#'a%a$ +e+e#a%a ,a#a !a&g 'a%a$ 'gu&a"a& u&$u" *e&e&$u"a& "a'a# se&!aa !a&g $e#"a&'u&g 'ala* sua$u +aha&. Salah sa$u ,a#a !a&g 'a%a$ 'gu&a"a& a'alah 'e&ga& %#ses $$#as. T$#as +asa&!a '+e'a"a& +e#'asa#"a& je&s #ea"s !a&g $e#l+a$ ' 'ala* %#ses $$#as.Dala* $$#as $u se&'# a'a +e#*a,a*) *a,a* ,a#a !a&g se#&g 'gu&a"a&/ salah sa$u&!a a'alah as'*e$# 'a& al"al*e$#. As'*e$# 'a& al"al*e$# a'alah salah sa$u 'a# e*%a$ gl&ga& u$a*a 'ala* %e&ggl&ga& #ea"s 'ala* a&alss $$#*e$#. As'*e$# 'a& Al"al*e$# & *el+a$"a& $$#as +asa +e+as a$au +asa !a&g $e#+e&$u" "a#e&a h'#lss ga#a* !a&g +e#asal 'a# asa* le*ah 'e&ga& sua$u asa* s$a&'a# ?as'*e$#@ 'a& $$#as asa* +e+as a$au asa* !a&g $e#+e&$u" 'a# h'#lss ga#a* !a&g +e#asal 'a# +asa le*ah 'e&ga& sua$u +asa s$a&'a# ?al"al*e$#@. Rea"s)#ea"s & *el+a$"a& +e#se&!aa&!a & h!'#ge& 'a& & h!'#"s'a u&$u" *e*+e&$u" a#. As' al"al*e$# sa&ga$ %e#lu u&$u" '%elaja#/ "a#e&a $$#as asa* +asa sa&ga$ +e#gu&a 'ala* 'u&a &'us$#. <&$h %e&ggu&aa&&!a a'alah 'ala* +'a&g %e#$a&a&/ u&$u" %e*+ua$a& %u%u" "alu* "l#'a !a&g 'ala* %e*+e&$u""a&&!a '%e#lu"a& (gO !a&g 'h$u&g "a'a#&!a se+aga %e&guj 'e&ga& %#ses $$#as. Dala* &'us$# *a"a&a& 'gu&a"a& u&$u" %e&e&$ua& "a'a# 'u*/ sa"a#&/ "a'a# Z& 'a& Fe 'ala* $ahu !a&g '+u&g"us 'e&ga& %las$" 'a& 'ala* &'us$# "s*e$"a !a$u 'ala* %e&e&$ua& "a'a# 5a$ a#&a AZO !a&g +e#+aha!a. Ta" ha&!a $u/ $$#as asa* +asa juga +e#gu&a 'ala* +'a&g "e-a#*asa& $e#u$a*a u&$u" #ea"s)#ea"s 'ala* %e*+ua$a& +a$ !a&g *e*e#lu"a& se+uah a&alss $e#se&'#. (e$'e a&alss 'e&ga& ;lu*e$# a$au%u& $$#*e$# *e&ggu&a"a& %#&s% asa* +asa a'alah as' al"al*e$#. P#ses & 'gu&a"a& 'ala* %e#h$u&ga& u&$u" *e&e&$u"a& "a'a# sua$u 5a$ +e#'asa#"a& %e#h$u&ga& ;lu*e 'e&ga& la#u$a& s$a&'a# !a&g $elah '"e$ahu "a'a#&!a 'e&ga& $e%a$. Dala* %e#,+aa& & !a&g 'la"u"a& a'alah $$#as asa* !a$u *e&e&$u"a& "&se&$#as asa* ,u"a 'a& asa* s$#a$ 'e&ga& *e&ggu&a"a& la#u$a& &a$#u* h'#"s'a ?NaO@ 'e&ga& %e&a*+aha& &'"a$# %e&l-$ale&. T$#as asa*)+asa se#&g 'se+u$ as')al"al*e$#/ !a$u $$#as !a&g *e&!a&g"u$ #ea"s 'e&ga& asa* a$au +asa/ 'a&$a#a&!a asa* "ua$ 'e&ga& +asa "ua$/ asa* "ua$ 'e&ga& +asa le*ah/ asa* le*ah 'e&ga& +asa "ua$/ asa* "ua$ 'e&ga& ga#a* 'a# asa* le*ah/ 'a& +asa "ua$ 'e&ga& ga#a* 'a# +asa le*ah. As')al"al*e$# *e#u%a"a& salah sa$u *e$'e "*a a&alsa "ua&$$a$- !a&g ''asa#"a& %a'a %#&s% $$#as asa*)+asa. As')al"al*e$# +e#-u&gs u&$u" *e&e&$u"a& "a'a# asa*)+asa 'ala* sua$u la#u$a& se,a#a a&alsa ;lu*e$#. As'*e$# 'a& al"al*e$# $e#*asu" #ea"s &e$#alsas !a"& #ea"s a&$a#a & h'#ge& !a&g +e#asal 'a# asa* 'e&ga& & h'#"s'a !a&g +e#asal 'a# +asa u&$u" *e&ghasl"a& a# !a&g +e#s-a$ &e$#al. Ne$#alsas 'a%a$ juga '"a$a"a& se+aga #ea"s a&$a#a '&# %#$& ?asa*@ 'e&ga& %e&e#*a %#$& ?+asa@. As'*e$# *e#u%a"a& %e&e$a%a& "a'a# se,a#a "ua&$$a$- $e#ha'a% se&!aa) se&!aa !a&g +e#s-a$ +asa 'e&ga& *e&ggu&a"a& +a"u asa*/ se+al"&!a al"al*e$# a'alah %e&e$a%a& "a'a# se&!aa)se&!aa !a&g +e#s-a$ asa* 'e&ga& *e&ggu&a"a& +a"u
+asa. U&$u" *e&e$a%"a& $$" a"h# %a'a %#ses &e$#alsas & 'gu&a"a& &'"a$#. (e&u#u$ . Os$al'/ &'"a$# a'alah sua$u se&!aa #ga&" "*%le"s 'ala* +e&$u" asa* a$au 'ala* +e&$u" +asa !a&g *a*%u +e#a'a 'ala* "ea'aa& 'ua *a,a* +e&$u" a#&a !a&g +e#+e'a 'a& 'a%a$ sal&g +e#u+ah a#&a 'a# +e&$u" sa$u "e +e&$u" !a&g la& a'a "&se&$#as $e#$e&$u a$au %a'a % $e#$e&$u. ala&&!a %#ses $$#as &e$#alsas 'a%a$ '"u$ 'e&ga& *elha$ %e#u+aha& % la#u$a& sela*a $$#as/ !a&g $e#%e&$&g a'alah %e#u+aha& % %a'a saa$ 'a& ' se"$a# $$" e"u;ale& "a#e&a hal & +e#hu+u&ga& e#a$ 'e&ga& %e*lha& &'"a$# aga# "esalaha& $$#as se"e,l)"e,l&!a. 4a#u$a& asa* +la '#ea"s"a& 'e&ga& la#u$a& +asa a"a& *e&ghasl"a& ga#a* 'a& a#. S-a$ asa* 'a& s-a$ +asa a"a& hla&g 'e&ga& $e#+e&$u"&!a 5a$ +a#u !a&g 'se+u$ ga#a* !a&g *e*l" s-a$ +e#+e'a 'e&ga& s-a$ 5a$ asal&!a. Ka#e&a hasl #ea"s&!a a'alah a# !a&g *e*l" s-a$ &e$#al !a&g a#$&!a ju*lah & sa*a 'e&ga& ju*lah & O)*a"a #ea"s $u 'se+u$ 'e&ga& #ea"s &e$#alsas a$au %e&e$#ala&. Pa'a #ea"s %e&e$#ala&/ ju*lah asa* ha#us e";ale& 'e&ga& ju*lah +asa. U&$u" $u %e#lu '$e&$u"a& $$" e";ale& #ea"s. T$" e";ale& a'alah "ea'aa& '*a&a ju*lah *l asa* $e%a$ ha+s +e#ea"s 'e&ga& ju*lah *l +asa. U&$u" *e&e&$u"a& $$" e";ale& %a'a #ea"s asa*)+asa 'a%a$ 'gu&a"a& &'"a$# asa*)+asa. Ke$e%a$a& %e*lha& &'"a$# *e#u%a"a& s!a#a$ "e+e#hasla& 'ala* *e&e&$u"a& $$" e";ale&. Pe*lha& &'"a$# ''asa#"a& a$as % la#u$a& hasl #ea"s a$au ga#a* !a&g $e#ja' %a'a saa$ $$" e";ale&. Salah sa$u "egu&aa& #ea"s &e$#alsas a'alah u&$u" *e&e&$u"a& "&se&$#as asa* a$au +asa !a&g $'a" '"e$ahu. Pe&e&$ua& "&se&$#as & 'la"u"a& 'e&ga& $$#as asa*) +asa. T$#as a'alah ,a#a %e&e&$ua& "&se&$#as sua$u la#u$a& 'e&ga& ;lu*e $e#$e&$u 'e&ga& *e&ggu&a"a& la#u$a& !a&g su'ah '"e$ahu "&se&$#as&!a. Bla $$#as *e&!a&g"u$ $$#as asa*)+asa *a"a 'se+u$ 'e&ga& $$#as as')al"al*e$#. I&'"a$# !a&g '%a"a 'ala* $$#as asa* +asa a'alah &'"a$# !a&g %e#u+aha& a#&a&!a '%e&ga#uh leh %. Pe&a*+aha& &'"a$# 'usaha"a& sese'"$ *u&g"& 'a& u*u*&!a a'alah 'ua h&gga $ga $e$es. U&$u" *e*%e#leh "e$e%a$a& hasl $$#as *a"a $$" a"h# $$#as '%lh se'e"a$ *u&g"& 'e&ga& $$" e";ale&/ hal & 'a%a$ 'la"u"a& 'e&ga& *e*lh &'a$# !a&g $e%a$ 'a& sesua 'e&ga& $$#as !a&g a"a& 'la"u"a&. Kea'aa& '*a&a $$#as 'he&$"a& 'e&ga& ,a#a *elha$ %e#u+aha& a#&a &'a$# 'se+u$ se+aga $$" a"h# $$#as. Bla sua$u asa* 'a& sua$u +asa !a&g *as&g)*as&g 'ala* "ua&$$as !a&g e"u;ale& se,a#a "*a/ ',a*%u# a"a& 'hasl"a& sua$u #ea"s %e&e$#ala&/ !a&g *e&ghasl"a& sua$u la#u$a& ga#a* 'ala* a#. 4a#u$a& & a"a& +e&a#)+e&a# &e$#al j"a asa* 'a& +asa $u sa*a "ua$ 9 "alau $'a"/ a"a& '%e#leh la#u$a& asa* le*ah a$au +asa le*ah. K&se&$#as sua$u la#u$a& asa* a$au +asa !a&g a&u ?u&"&&@ 'a%a$ '$e&$u"a& 'e&ga& $$#as 'e&ga& la#u$a& !a&g "&se&$#as&!a '"e$ahu. Te"&" se*a,a* $u 'se+u$ a&alss ;lu*e$# ?Kle&-e$$e#/ 1G8H@.
>lu*e$# a'alah ,a#a a&alss ju*lah +e#'asa#"a& %e&gu"u#a& ;lu*e la#u$a& %e#ea"s +e#"e%e"a$a& $e#$e&$u !a&g '#ea"s"a& 'e&ga& la#u$a& ,&$h !a&g se'a&g '$e$a%"a& "a'a#&!a. Rea"s 'jala&"a& 'e&ga& $$#as/ !a$u sua$u la#u$a& '$a*+ah"a& 'a# +u#e$ se'"$ 'e* se'"$/ sa*%a ju*lah 5a$)5a$ !a&g '#ea"s"a& $e%a$ *e&ja' a";ale& sa$u sa*a la&. Pa'a saa$ $$#a& !a&g '$a*+ah"a& $a*%a" $elah e";ale&/ *a"a %e&a*+aha& $$#a& ha#us 'he&$"a&9 saa$ & '&a*a"a& $$" a"h# $$#as. 4a#u$a& !a&g '$a*+ah"a& 'a# +u#e$ 'se+u$ $$#a&/ se'a&g"a& la#u$a& !a&g '$a*+ah $$#a& $u 'se+u$ $$#a$. De&ga& jala& &/ ;lu*e a$au +e#a$ $$#a& 'a%a$ 'u"u# 'e&ga& se,a#a $el$ 'a& +la "&se&$#as juga '"e$ahu/ *a"a ju*lah *l $$#a& 'a%a$ 'h$u&g. Ka#e&a ju*lah $$#a$ e";ale& a$au sa*a 'e&ga& ju*lah $$#a&/ *a"a ju*lah *l $$#a$ 'a%a$ '"e$ahu %ula +e#'asa# %e#sa*aa& #ea"s 'a& "e-se&&!a. Pe#ha$"a&lah se"al lag a#$ u&g"a%a& 7%e#ea"s $elah e";ale&7/ !a&g +e#a#$: $elah $e%a$ +a&!a"&!a u&$u" *e&gha+s"a& 5a$ !a&g '#ea"s"a&. T$#a& 'a& $$#a$ $e%a$ sal&g *e&gha+s"a&9 $'a" a'a "ele+ha& !a&g sa$u *au%u& !a&g la&. I& $'a" selalu +e#a#$/ +aha %e#ea"s 'a& 5a$ !a&g '#ea"s"a& $elah sa*a +a&!a"/ +a" ;lu*e *au%u& ju*lah g#a* a$au *l)&!a. al & jelas/ se+a+ ju*lah !a&g +e#ea"s '$e&$u"a& leh %e#sa*aa& #ea"s. P#ses $$#as 'gu&a"a& 'ala* %e&e&$ua& a&al$s +a&!a"/ $e#*asu" *el+a$"a& #ea"s asa*)+asa. I&'"a$# a'alah 5a$ !a&g 'gu&a"a& u&$u" s&!al "e$"a $$#as $+a ' $$" '*a&a #ea"$a& "*a sa*a/ se%e#$ !a&g ''e-&s"a& leh %e#sa*aa& #ea"s. 4a#u$a& s$a&'a# a'alah la#u$a& 'e&ga& "&se&$#as $e%a$'$e&$u"a&. Aal&!a "&se&$#as la#u$a& s$a&'a# '$e&$u"a& 'a# ju*lah !a&g '$*+a&g 'a# se+uah s$a&'a# %#*e#/ +ah"a& "*a #e-e#e&s !a&g sa&ga$ '*u#&"a&. 4a#u$a& s$a&'a# 'a%a$ '+ua$ 'a# salah sa$u 'a# 'ua ,a#a: 1. S$a&'a# %#*e# !a&g '$*+a&g 'e&ga& ha$)ha$/ 'la#u$"a&/ 'a& 'e&,e#"a& a"u#a$ u&$u" ;lu*e !a&g '"e$ahu. K&se&$#as 'a%a$ 'h$u&g 'a# 'a$a. . 4a#u$a& '+ua$ u&$u" %e#"#aa& "&se&$#as 'a& "e*u'a& '+a"u"a& leh $$#as "ua&$$as a"u#a$ '$*+a&g 'a# s$a&'a# %#*e#. 4a#u$a& !a&g '$$#as 'ala* as'*e$#)al"al*e$# *e&gala* %e#u+aha& %. (sal&!a +la la#u$a& +e#s-a$ asa* '$$#as 'e&ga& la#u$a& +e#s-a$ +asa/ *a"a &la % la#u$a& *ula)*ula #e&'ah 'a& sela*a $$#as $e#us *e&e#us &a". Bla % & 'u"u# 'e&ga& %e&gu"u# % ?%)*e$e#@ %a'a aal $$#as/ !a"& se+elu* '$a*+ah +asa 'a& %a'a a"$u)a"$u $e#$e&$u se$elah $$#as '*ula/ *a"a "alau % 'alu#"a& laa& ;lu*e $$#a&/ "$a %e#leh g#a-" !a&g 'se+u$ "u#;a $$#as. Bla sua$u &'"a$# % "$a %e#gu&a"a& u&$u" *e&u&ju""a& $$" a"h# $$#as/ *a"a ha#us '%e&uh s!a#a$)s!a#a$ +e#"u$ &: 1. I&'"a$# ha#us +e#u+ah a#&a $e%a$ %a'a saa$ $$#a& *e&ja' e";ale& 'e&ga& $$#a$ aga# $'a" $e#ja' "esalaha& $$#as. . Pe#u+aha& a#&a $u ha#us $e#ja' 'e&ga& *e&'a'a"/ aga# $'a" a'a "e#agu)#agua& $e&$a&g "a%a& $$#as ha#us 'he&$"a& a$au 'la&ju$"a&.
U&$u" *e*e&uh %e#&!a$aa& ?1@/ *a"a $#a!e" &'"a$# ha#us *e&,a"u% % la#u$a& %a'a $$" e";ale&/ a$au sa&ga$ *e&'e"a$&!a9 u&$u" *e*e&uh %e#&!a$aa& ?@/ $#a!e" &'"a$# $e#se+u$ ha#us *e*$&g +aga& !a&g sa&ga$ ,u#a* 'a# "u#;a. I&'"a$# asa* +asa alah 5a$ !a&g 'a%a$ +e#u+ah a#&a a%a+la % l&g"u&ga&&!a +e#u+ah. (sal&!a +#u +#*$*l ?++@9 'ala* la#u$a& asa* a +e#a#&a "u&&g/ $e$a% 'ala* l&g"u&ga& +asa a#&a&!a +#u. a#&a 'ala* "ea'aa& asa* '&a*a"a& a#&a asa* 'a# &'"a$# ?"u&&g u&$u" ++@/ se'a&g a#&a !a&g '$u&ju""a& 'ala* "ea'aa& +asa 'se+u$ a#&a +asa. A"a& $e$a% ha#us '*e&ge#$/ +aha asa* 'a& +asa 's& $'a" +e#a#$ % "u#a&g a$au le+h 'a# $ujuh. Asa* +e#a#$ % le+h #e&'ah 'a& +asa +e#a#$ % le+h +esa# 'a# $#a!e" &'"a$# a$au $#a!e" %e#u+aha& a#&a !a&g +e#sa&g"u$a&. Pe#u+aha& a#&a 'se+a+"a& leh #es&a&s s*e# ele"$#&. Be#+aga &'"a$# *e*%u&!a $e$a%a& &sas !a&g +e#+e'a 'a& a"+a$&!a *e#e"a *e&u&ju""a& a#&a %a'a #a&ge % !a&g +e#+e'a.
BAB III PENUTUP A. Kes*%ula& 1. K*a a&al$" 'a%a$ '+ag *e&ja' 'ua +'a&g !a$u a&alss "ual$a$- 'a& "ua&$$a$-. . A&alsa ;lu*e$# *e#u%a"a& +aga& 'a# "*a a&alsa "ua&$$a$-/ ' *a&a %e&e&$ua& 5a$ 'la"u"a& 'e&ga& jala& %e&gu"u#a& ; lu*e la#u$a& a$au +e#a$ 5a$ !a&g '"e$ahu "&se&$#as&!a/ !a&g '+u$uh"a& u&$u" +e#ea"s se,a#a "ua&$$a$- 'e&ga& la#u$a& 5a$ !a&g '+u$uh"a& $a'. 3. As'*e$# 'a& al"al*e$# a'alah sua$u *e$'e a&alss se,a#a ;lu*e$#. Pa'a as'*e$# 'gu&a"a& asa* se+aga la#u$a& s$a&'a#/ se'a&g"a& %a'a al"al*e$# 'gu&a"a& +asa se+aga la#u$a& s$a&'a#. B. Sa#a& Tugas *a"alah $e&$a&g a&alss ;lu*e$# ?as')al"al*e$#@ !a&g sa!a selesa"a& & $'a" lu%u$ 'a# "eselaha&/ *a"a *h& "#$" 'a& sa#a& 'a# %e*+a,a.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
htp://esdikimia.wordpress.com/2011/06/17/rasi-asam-basa/ htp://volumeri.blogspo.com/ htp://www.fop.k/201!/0"/lapora-kimia-aalisis-asidi-alkalimeri#"1$.hml
