Lp Klien Dengan Ventilator

LAPORAN PENDAHULUAN PADA KLIEN DENGAN VENTILATOR/VENTILASI MEKANIK DI RUANG ICU RSPAD GATOT SOEBROTO JAKARTA PUSAT

DISUSUN OLEH : APRICILA FITRIA HASTUTI 1410.721.007

PROGRAM PROFESI NERS FAKULTAS ILMU-ILMU KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS PEMBANGUNAN NASIONAL “VETERAN” JAKARTA 2015

A. DEFINI DEFINISI SI Ventilato ntilato !e"ani" !e"ani" !e#$a"an !e#$a"an alat %ant# $ena$a&an %ete"anan $o&it'

ata# ne(ati' ne(ati' )an( )an( !en(*a !en(*a&il &il"an "an aloia aloian n #+aa #+aa te"ont te"ontol ol $a+a $a+a ,alan ,alan na$a& na$a& $a&ien &e*in((a !a!$# !e$eta*an"an -entila&i +an $e!%eian o"&i(en +ala! ,an("a a"t# )an( la!a /P#naan  Sa)ono Sa)ono 2010. Ventila&i !e"ani" a+ala* alat $ena'a&an %ete"anan ne(ati' ata# $o&iti' )an( +a$at !e!$eta*an"an -entila&i +an $e!%eian o"&i(en +ala! a"t# )an( la!a. /3#nne +an S#++at* 15 B.

FISIOLOGI PERNAPASAN VENTILATOR

Pa+aa $e Pa+ $ena' na'a&an a&an &$o &$onta ntan n in& in&$i $ia&i a&i te, te,a+i a+i "a "aena ena +ia +ia'a 'a(!a (!a +an oto otott inte6o int e6o&tal &tali& i& %e %e"on "ont" t"a&i a&i on on((a ((a +a+ +a+aa !en !en(e! (e!%an %an( ( +an te te,a+i ,a+i te" te"ana anan n ne(ati' &e*in((a alian #+aa !a&#" "e $a# &e+an("an 'a&e e"&$ia&i %e,alan &e6aa $a&i'. Pa+a $ena'a&an +en(an -entila&i !e"ani" -entilato !en(ii!"an #+aa +en(an +en (an !e! !e!o!$ o!$a"a a"an n "e $a $a# # $a& $a&ien ien &e* &e*in( in((a (a te" te"ana anan n &&el &&ela!a a!a in& in&$i $ia&i a&i a+ala* $o&iti' +an !en)e%a%"an te"anan inta t*oa"al !enin("at. Pa+a a"*i in&$ia&i te"anan +ala! on((a t*oa $alin( $o&iti'.

C. TUJ TUJUAN UAN

Pen((#naan -entilato %et#,#an #nt#": 1. 8e!$e 8e!$e%ai %ai"i "i -entila& -entila&ii $a# 2. 8e!%e 8e!%ei"a i"an n "e"#at "e"#atan an !e"ani !e"ani&& $a+a $a+a &i&te! &i&te! $a# $a# #nt#" #nt#" !e!$e !e!$eta*a ta*an"a n"an n -entila&i )an( 'i&iolo(i& 9. 8e!%ant# 8e!%ant# otot otot na'a& na'a& )an( )an( lela*le!a* lela*le!a* 4. 8en(#an(i 8en(#an(i "e,a "e,a !io"a+ +en(an +en(an ,alan !en(#an(i !en(#an(i "e,a na'a& /3#nne /3#nne an+ S#++at* 2002 D. IND INDIKA IKASI SI

Ventilato Ventilato +i%ei"an "e$a+a &e&eoan( )an( !e!ili"i /Tan,#n( /Tan,#n( 2009: 1. ;an((# ;an((#an an -ent -entila ila&i &i a. Di&'#n Di&'#n(&i (&i otot otot $en $ena$a a$a&an &an %. Pen)a"it ne#o!#&6#la /!ie&tania (a-i& $ol)!eliti& 6. S#!%at S#!%atan an ,alan ,alan na$a& na$a& +. ;an((# ;an((#an an "en+al "en+alii na$a& na$a& e. ;a(al na$a& a"#t a"#t +i&etai +i&etai a&i+o&i& a&i+o&i& e&$iatoi" e&$iatoi" 2. ;an((# ;an((#an an o"&i(e o"&i(en n

a. Hi$o" Hi$o"&e! &e!ia ia )an( )an( tea* +a$at +a$at tea$i o"&i(en o"&i(en !a"&i!a !a"&i!all na!#n na!#n ti+a" a+a $e%ai"an 9. Se6aa 'i&iolo(i& 'i&iolo(i& !e!en# !e!en#*i *i "iteia "iteia a. RR < 9= 9=! !en enit it %. Ti+al -ol#!e -ol#!e >=!l"(33 6. ?a$a&it ?a$a&ita& a& -ital -ital >10!l" >10!l"(3 (33 3 +. Te"anan Te"anan in&$ia in&$ia&i &i !a"&i!al !a"&i!al >2= 6! H2O H2O e. PO2 >50 >50 !!H( !!H( +en(an +en(an FiO2 FiO2 21@ 21@ '. PO2 >70 !!H( +en(an FiO2 40@ (. PO2>100 PO2>100 !!H( !!H( +en(an +en(an FiO2 FiO2 100@ 100@ *. PaCO PaCO2 2 < == == !!H( !!H( i. 8in#te -o -ol#!e /8 /8V >9 >9 li lite!enit at ata# <2 <20 li lite $e !en !eniit ,. Pen((#naan otot ta!%a*an $ena$a&an 4. In+i In+i"a "a&i &i lain lain a. Pe!%e Pe!%eian ian &e+a&i &e+a&i %eat %eat %. 8en##n"an "e%#t#*an o"&i(en o"&i(en %ai" &e6aa &i&te!ati" ata# !io"a+ 6. 8en##n"an 8en##n"an TI? +an !en6e(a* !en6e(a* TI?

E. KONTR KONTRAIND AINDIKAS IKASII

1. Pe!a Pe!a"a "aia ian n alat alat -ent -entil ila& a&ii #!#! #!#!n) n)aa &an( &an(at at !e!% !e!%an ant# t# $a&i $a&ien en )an( an( !ena(ala!i !ena(ala!i !a&ala* !a&ala* $ena$a&an. $ena$a&an. Ti+a" +ite!#"an +ite!#"an "ontain+i "ontain+i"a&i "a&i +ala! $en((#naann)a $en((#naann)a "e6#ali ,i"a tela* te,a+i "o!$li"a&i lain )an( !en)etai $e,alanan $en)a"itn)a. 2. Pa+a $a&ien +en(an +en(an 'a"t# 'a"t# %a&al ten("oa" ten("oa" entan te$a&an( te$a&an( -entilato -entilato

F. KLASIFIKASI VENTILA VENTILATO TOR R

Vent ntil ila&i a&i !e !e"a "ani ni" "

+i"l +i "la&i a&i'i 'i"a "a&i" &i"an an %e %e+ +a&a a&a" "an an 6a 6aaa

alatt ala

te&e te &e%# %#tt

!en+#"#n !en+ #"#n( ( -enti -entila&i la&i +#a "ate(oi #!#! a+ala* ventilator tekanan negatif ventilator tekanan tekanan positif . +an ventilator

1. Ventila ntilato to Te"anan Te"anan Ne(ati' Ne(ati' Vent ntil ilat ato o te" te"an anan an ne ne(a (ati ti'' !e !en( n(el el#a #a" "an an te te"a "ana nan n ne ne(a (ati ti'' $a $a+a +a +a +a+a +a e"&t e" &ten enal. al. De Den( n(an an !e !en( n(# #an an(i (i te te"a "ana nan n in int tat ato oa" a"&& &el &ela! a!aa

in&$ in &$ia ia&i &i

!e!#n("in !e!# n("in"an "an #+aa !en(ali "e +ala! $a#$a# &e*in((a !e!en#*i -ol#!en)a. Ventilato ,eni& ini +i(#na"an te#ta!a $a+a (a(al na'a& "oni" )an( )a n( %e %e*#% *#%#n( #n(n n +en +en(an (an "on "on+i& +i&ii ne# ne#oo-a&" a&"#la #la &e$ &e$eti eti $ol $olio! io!)e )eliti liti& & +i&t +i &to o'i 'i !# !#&6 &6#l #la a &" &"le leo o&i& &i&ii la late teal al a! a!io ioti ti'i 'i" " +a +an n !i !ia& a&ten tenia ia ( (aa-i&. i&.

Pen((#naan ti+a" &e&#ai #nt#" $a&ien )an( ti+a" &ta%il ata# $a&ien )an( "on+i&in)a !e!%#t#*"an $e#%a*an -entila&i &ein(. 2. Ventila ntilato to Te"anan Te"anan Po&iti' Po&iti' Venti tila lato to

te" te "an anan an

$o& o&it iti' i'

!en en(( ((e! e!% %#n #n( ("a "an n

$a a# #$ $a a# #

+en( +e n(an an

!en(el#a"an te"anan $o&iti' $a+a ,alan na'a& +en(an +e!i"ian !en+oon( al-eol aleolii #nt #nt#" #" !en !en(e! (e!%an %an( ( &el &ela!a a!a in& in&$i $ia&i. a&i. Pa+ Pa+aa -en -entil tilato ato ,en ,eni& i& ini +i$el#"an int#%a&i en+ota"eal ata# ta"eo&to!i. Ventilato ini &e6aa l#a& +i(#na"an $a+a "lien +en(an $en)a"it $a# $i!e. Te+ +a$ a$at at ti ti(a (a ,en ,eni& i& -e -ent ntil ilato ato te" te"an anan an $o $o&i &iti ti'' )ait ait# # te te"a "ana nan n %e %e&i &i"l "l#& #& ( Pressure Cycled Cycled Ve Ventilator) ntilator) a"t# %e&i"l#& ( Time Time Cycled Ventilator) Ventilator) +an -ol#!e %e&i"l#& (Vo (Volume lume Cycled Ve Ventilat ntilator) or).. a. V! V!"#$% "#$% C&'"%( V% V%)*+",*! )*+",*! Pin&i$ +a&a -entilato ini a+ala* 6)6l#&n)a %e+a&a"an -ol#!e. 8e&in %e*enti %e"e,a +an te,a+i e"&$ia&i %ila tela* !en6a$ai -ol#!e )an( +itent#"an. ?e#nt#n(an -ol#!e 6)6le+ -entilato a+ala* $e#%a*an $a+a "o!$lain $a# $a&ien teta$ !e!%ei"an -ol#!e ti+al )an( "on&i&ten. %. P%#% C&'"%( V%)*+",*! Pin&i$ +a&a -entilato t)$e ini a+ala* 6)6l#&n)a !en((#na"an te"anan. 8e&in %e*enti %e"e,a +an te,a+i e"&$ia&i %ila tela* !en6a$ai te"anan )an( tela* +itent#"an. Pa+a titi" te"anan ini "at#$ in&$ia&i tet#t#$ +an e"&$ia&i te,a+i +en(an $a&i'. ?e#(ian $a+a t)$e ini %ila a+a $e#%a*an "o!$ "o !$lai lain n $a $a# # !a !a"a "a -o -ol# l#!e !e #+ #+a aaa )an an( ( +i +i%e %ei" i"an an ,# ,#(a (a %e %e# #%a %a*. *. Se*in( Se* in((a (a $a+ $a+aa $a& $a&ien ien )a )an( n( &eta &etat#& t#& $a $a#n) #n)aa ti+ ti+a" a" &ta% &ta%il il $en $en((# ((#naa naan n -entilato ti$e ini ti+a" +ian,#"an. 6. T+$% C&'"%( V%)*+",*! Pin&i$ "e,a +ai -entilato t)$e ini a+ala* 6)6l#&n)a %e+a&a"an a"t# e"&$ia&i e"&$i a&i ata# a"t# in&$ia&i )an( tela* +itent#"an. +itent#"an. Ba" a"t# t# in&$i in&$ia&i a&i +itent#"an ole* a"t# +an "e6e$atan in&$ia&i /,#!la* na$a& $e!enit. No!al atio < I (Inspirasi) (Inspirasi) : : E (Ekspirasi )  )  1 : 2

G. MODUS OPERASIONAL

1. C8V (Continous Mechanical Ventilation)

Di&e% Di&e%#t #t ,#(a ,#(a +en( +en(an an !o+# !o+#&& 6ont 6onto ol. l. ?aen ?aenaa $a+a $a+a !o+# !o+#&& ini ini $a&i $a&ien en !eni!a -ol#!e +an 'e"#en&i $ena$a&an &e&#ai +en(an )an( tela* +iat#. Se+an("an $a&ien ti+a" +a$at %ena'a& &en+ii. 2. ACV (Assist Control Ventilation) Pa+a !o+#& ini $a&ien !enei!a -ol#!e +ai !e&in +an %ant#an na'a& teta$i *an)a &e+i"it. &e+i"it. Pa&ien +i%ei"an +i%ei"an "e&e!$atan "e&e!$atan #nt#" %ena$a& %ena$a& &$ontan. &$ontan. Total Total ,#!la* $ena$a&an +an -ol#!e &e!enit +itent#"an ole* $a&ien $a&ie n &en+ii. 9. I8V (Intermitent Mandatory Ventilation) Ventilation) Pa&ie Pa&ien n !ene !enei! i!aa -ol# -ol#!e !e +an +an 'e"# 'e"#en en&i &i $en $ena$ a$a& a&an an +ai +ai -ent -entil ilato ato. . ?e#nt#n(ann)a a+ala* $a&ien +i%ei"an "e&e!$atan #nt#" %ena$a& &en+ii. 4. Pressure Support 8o+#& ini !e!%ei"an %ant#an -entila&i +en(an 6aa !e!%ei"an te"anan. Pa+a &aat $a&ien in&$ia&ii !e&in !e!%ei"an %ant#an na'a& &e&#ai te"anan $o&iti' )an( tela* +itent#"an. 8o+#& ini &an(at %ai" #nt#" +i(#na"an $a+a $o&e& $en)a$i*an $a&ien +ai $en((#naan -entilato. -entilato. =. SI8V (Syncronize Intermitent Mandatory Ventilation) Ventilation) 8o+#& ini &a!a +en(an I8V I8V *an)a *an)a $a+a !o+#& ini %ant#an $ena'a&an +ai -entilato +i&e&#ai"an "a$an te,a+i $ena$a&an &en+ii.

5. CP CPA AP /Continous /Continous Positie Air!ay Pressure) Pressure) Pe!%e Pe!%eian ian te"ana te"anan n $o&iti $o&iti'' $a+a $a+a ,alan ,alan na'a& na'a& #nt#" #nt#" !e!%an !e!%ant# t# -entil -entila&i a&i &ela!a &i"l#& $ena'a&an. Pa+a !o+#& inni 'e"#en&i $ena'a&an +an -ol#!e ti+al +itent#"an ole* $a&ien &en+ii. 7. PEEP (Positie End E"piratory Pressure) Pressure) Di(#na"an #nt#" !e!$eta*an"an te"anan ,alan na'a& $a+a a"*i e"&$ia&i &e*in((a !enin("at"an $et#"aan (a& +i +ala! al-eoli. Pe!a"aian PEEP +ian,#"an a+ala* =1= 6! H2O /3#nne / 3#nne an+ S#++at* 2002

H. PA PARAMETER RAMETER VENTILA VENTILATO TOR R

1. FiO2 /Fa"&i o"&i(en in&$ia&i

FiO2 +i%ei"an &e&#ai +en(an "e%#t#*an $a&ien. Pe!%eian FiO2 &e%ai"n)a +i%e +i%ei" i"an an &een &een+a +a* * !#n( !#n("i "i! ! teta teta$i $i $e!% $e!%ei eian an PaO2 PaO2 )an( a+e" a+e"#a #at. t. Pin&i$n)a a+ala* !en+a$at"an PaO2 )an( le%i* %e&a +ai 50!!H( 2. Vol#!e l#!e ti+al ti+al Vol#!e ti+al a+ala* ,#!la* #+aa )an( "el#a !a&#" &etia$ "ali $ena'a&an. $ena'a& an. No!aln)a a+ala* 12 66"(33 9. Fe"#e Fe"#en&i n&i $en $ena$a a$a&an &an 4. Pe%an+in(a Pe%an+in(an n in&$ia&i in&$ia&i +an e"&$ia&i e"&$ia&i /I:E Ratio Ratio =. Unt# Unt#" " !enen !enent# t#"a "an n $e% $e%an an+i +in( n(an an anta antaa a a"t a"t# # in&$ in&$i ia&i a&i +an +an e"&$ e"&$ia ia&i. &i. No!al I:E a+ala* 1:2 5. 3ata 3ata&& te"a te"ana nan n / Pressure Pressure #imit #imit  Pen(at#an $a+a $aa!ete ini %et#,#an #nt#" !e!%ata&i te"anan )an( +i%ei"an +ala! !en6a$ai -ol#!e ti+a. Pe&&#e li!it +i%ei"an 101= 6! H2O +iata& te"anan )an( +i"el#a"an ole* $a&ien 7. Sen& Sen&it itii-it ita& a& Di%e Di%ei i"a "an n a(a a(a $a&ie $a&ien n !ea !ean( n(&an &an( ( !e&in !e&in #nt# #nt#" " !e!% !e!%e ei" i"an an na'a& na'a&.. Sen&iti-ita& ti+a" +i%ei"an ,i"a -entilato +ala! !o+#& 6ontol. i"a $a&ien +i*a +i*aa$ a$"a "an n #nt# #nt#" " !ean !ean(& (&an an( ( !e&in !e&in !a"a !a"a &en& &en&it itii-ita ita&& +iat +iat# # $a+a $a+a 26!H2O . Ala! Ala! -entilato %e"e,a ata# %e%#n)i -eati !en(in+i"a&i"an te,a+in)a &#at# !a&ala*. 8e"ani&!e "e,a ala! $a+a -entilato antaa lain: a. O"&i( &i(en Ala! a"an %e%#n)i ,i"a FiO2 !en)i!$an( +ai &ettin(an aal Pen)e%a% Setti Settin( n(an an

Penatala"&anaan FiO2 FiO2

+i#% +i#%a* a*# #%a %a* *

8en(#% 8en(#%a* a* &ettin( &ettin(an an FiO2 FiO2 &e&#ai &e&#ai

+an ti+a" ti+a" &e&#ai &e&#ai +en(an +en(an nilai nilai +en(an nilai )an( +i*aa$"an )an( +i*aa$"an Anal)Ge o" o"&i(en e eo

8en("ali%a&i"an an anal)Ge

;an((#an ;an((#an $a+a &#!%e &#!%e o"&i(en o"&i(en 8en("oe"&i 8en("oe"&i (an((#an (an((#an )an( )an( te,a+i te,a+i

%. Pe&&#e Hi(* $e&&#e li!it Hi(* $e&&#e li!it %ia&an)a +i&ettin( 10 6!H( +iata& PIP $a&ien ata ata. Ala! a"an %e%#n)i ,i"a te"anan !enin("at +i!ana$#n &ela!a !a&i* +i &i"#it -entilato.

Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

Penin( Penin("at "atan an *a!%at *a!%atan an alian alian L##&" L##&"an an &elan( &elan( na'a& na'a& -entil -entilato ato.. (a&

A#&"#lta&i &#aa na'a& +an %ei"an %on"o+ilato ,i"a +i$el#"an

Pen##n #nan 6o!$lia lian6e $a#

T##n"an

'lo

ateV eVT(#na"an

6ontol !o+e Pa&ie a&ien n

!ela elaan an

-en -entila tilato to  Di&6onne6t +ai -entilato la"#"an

/'i(*tin(

%a((in( i"a e&$iato) +i&te&& ti+a" a+a !a"a

!a&ala*n)a

a+a

$a+a

-entilato. i"a i"a a+a #&a*a na'a& +ai +ai $a&ien $a&ien (#na"an SI8V

• Lo in&$iato) $e&&#e 3ia&an)a +i&ettin( =10 6!H( +i%aa* PIP. Ala! a"an %e%#n)i ,i"a te"anan +i &i&te! le%i* en+a* +ai &ettin(an Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

;an((#an $a+a $a&ien +en(an

?oe" ?oe"&i &i "e%o "e%o6o 6oa an n ata# ata# &al# &al#an an

-entilato

)an( le$a&

• Lo O2 $e&&#e Ala! a"an a"ti' ,i"a te"anan &#!%e #+aa ti+a" a+e"#at Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

?e*ilan(an

&#!%e Ce" Ce" &a!% &a!%#n #n(an (an +en( +en(an an &#!% &#!%e e

#+aa"e*ilan(an te"anan +ala! #+aa aa. &#!%e #+aa

i"a

"aen ena

t##nn)a

te"anan -entilato ti+a" %e'#n(&i la"#"an -entila&i &e6aa !an#al

• Lo PEEPCPAP Paa!ete Paa!ete ala! PEEPCP PEEPCPAP AP %ia&an)a %ia&an)a +iat# +iat# 9=6!H( 9=6!H( +i%aa* +i%aa* &ettin(an PEEPCPAP )an( +i(#na"an Pen)e%a% ?e#&a"an

Penatala"&anaan $a+a

&i"#it E-al#a&i

+an

"oe"&i

&#!%e

-entilato

"e#&a"an

6. Vol#!e l#!e • Ren+a*n)a -ol#!e ti+al e"&$ia&i ata# !in#te -ol#!e -en)ilation Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

Ti+a" te&a!%#n(n)a -entilato ?e%o ?e%o6o 6oa an n %i&a %i&a %e&# %e&#!% !%e e +ai +ai &i&te! +en(an $a&ien /6t*: alat tele$a& +ai $a&ien Te,a+i Te,a+i "e%o6oan

!#l#t ata# "oe"&i &i"#it. Tan+a Tan+a +an (e,ala $a+a $a&ien: • Hi$o"&e!ia +an *i$e"a%nia • ?e%o ?e%o6o 6oa an n %i&a %i&a ,#(a ,#(a "ae "aena na !al$o&i&i alat $a+a ,alan na$a& #+aa +a$at +ita!%a*"a +ita!%a*"an n $a+a

•

6#'' i"a i"a "e%o e%o6oa 6oan n

ti+ ti+a"

+a$at a$at

+i$e%ai"i +ala! a"t# &in("at !a"a !a"a e&et e&et "e!%al "e!%alii $aa!e $aa!ete te ala!

/VT

#nt#"

!en("o!$ !en("o!$en&a&i en&a&i -ol#!e -ol#!e )an( )an( Pa&ien

+ala!

*ilan( $en((#naan ?a,i $en)e%a%

$en##nan

-ent -entil ilat ato o +en( +en(an an PC !o+e o+e 6o!$lia 6o!$lian6e n6e $a# $a# ata# ata# $en## $en##nan nan $a&ien

+en(an

$en##nan e&i&ten&i ,alan na'a& ?a,i ?a,i tan+ tan+aa +an +an (e,a (e,ala la "ele "elela la*a *an n 6o!$lian6e $en##nan otot na'a& $a+a $a&ien : RR $ola e&i&ten&i ata# "elela*an na$a& ie(#la ie(#la $en((#naa $en((#naan n otot otot a"&e&oi& $ena$a&an 8eni 8enin( n("a "at" t"an an te"a te"ana nan n #nt#"

!en+a$at"an

VT

in$i in$ia a&i &i )an(

6#"#$ !enin("at"an ,#!la* na'a& %ant#an

ata#

!en(#%a*

!o+e

-entilato -entilato !en,a+i !en,a+i -ol#!e -ol#!e 6)6le+ 6)6le+ !o+e 8en6 8en6a$ a$ai ai te"an te"anan an %ata %ata&& ata& ata& ;an( ;an((# (#an an te"anan

tetin((i

+i&e +i&e%a %a% %"an "an

"aena tin((in)a te"anan in&$ia&i

"aen aenaa

-entilato !e!%#an( &i&a VT Sen& Sen&o o +ala +ala! ! "on+ "on+i& i&ii %a&a* %a&a*

?ein("an

&en &en&o &o

+an

&#& &#&#n

!en)e !en)e%a% %a%"an "an ti+a" ti+a" a"#atn a"#atn)a )a "e!%ali $en(#"#an -ol#!e -ol#!e e"&$ia&i Ti+a" 6#"#$n)a alian (a&

Aa&i"a,i a+an)a a"t# in$ia&i )an(

!e!an,an(

+en(an

!en( !en(on ont tol ol I:E I:E ati atio. o. ?e!# ?e!#+i +ian an $e%ai"i

+en(an

!enin("at"an

alian #+a /'lo ate Tin((in)a -ol#!e ti+al e"&$ia&i ata# !in#te -ol#!e -en)ilation • Tin((in)a Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

8eni 8enin( n("a "at" t"an an RR ata# ata# ti+a ti+all

Cai ai

-ol#!e

!en( !en(ala ala!i !i

ala ala&an an$en)e%a% e%a%

$a&ien

$eni $enin( n("a "atan tan

-ol# -ol#!e !e

e"&$ia&i:"e6e!a&an *i$o *i$o"& "&e! e!ia ia )an( an(

n)ei

a&i+ a&i+o& o&i& i&

+i"a +i"ae ena na"a "an n

!eta% eta%ol oli6 i6 !en# en##n #nn) n)aa

$e'#&i ,ain(an "e*ilan(an HCO9 !elal#i a%+o!inal +ain Cai $en)e%a% "e6e!a&an $en)e%a% *i$o"&e!ia 6ontol n)ei n)ei Pen( Pen(at at# #an an

-ent -entil ilat ato o

)an( an(

ti+a" &e&#ai

8en(at# "e!%ali &ettin(an VT +an RR ata# ata# ala ala! ! $aa! aa!et ete e $a+a a+a -entilato

A+an)a

"e%i&in(an

)an(

?el#a" a"an

6aian an

+ai

%ele%i*an /!i&al a+an)a ai -entilato &e&e(ea !#n("in $a+a

&elan(

+a$at

!en)e%a%"an "e&ala*an +ala! inte$eta&i. +. A$nea Ala! a"an +ia"ti'"an ata# %e%#n)i ,i"a ti+a" a+a e"&*ala&i

&el &elan(

Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

Ti+a" te+ete"&in)a #&a*a na'a&

?a,i $ena$a&an $a&ien. i"a i"a $a&ien $a&ien ti+a" ti+a" %ena' %ena'a& a& le$a& le$a&

&$ontan +ai $a&ien

-entilato +an( anti +en(an %ant#an na'a& !an#al /%a((in(. i"a na+i ti+a"

tea ea%a

6ai 6ai

%ant ant#an

+an

&en& &en&o o

+an +an

la"#"an RP Le$a Le$a&n &n)a )a

&a!% &a!%#n #n(a (an n

e"&*ala&i

&en&o &en&o  Pei Pei"& "&aa

&a!% &a!%#n #n(a (an n

*#%#n("an

"e!%ali

+en(an

-entilato

e. I:E I:E ati atio o Ala! I:E atio a"an %e%#n)i ,i"a I:E atio !en6a$ai 1:9 ata# +i%aa* 1:1=. Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

Ti+a" Ti+a" &e&#ain &e&#ain)a )a -ol#! -ol#!ee ti+al ti+al Ce" "e&ia$an VT $ea" in&$iato) $ea" in&$iato) 'lo ate +an 'lo ate +an RR 6ontol i"a i"a VT +an RR &ettin( &ettin(n) n)aa &#+a* &#+a* e&$iato) ate 6ontol &e&#ai &e&#ai at# at# $ea" $ea" in&$i in&$iato ato) ) 'lo 'lo ate ate

#nt# nt#"

!en6a en6a$ $ai

I:E I:E

ati atio o

no!al

'. ;an((# ;an((#an an !e&in !e&in -ent -entila ilato to Pen)e%a%

Penatala"&anaan

Le$a&n Le$a&n)a )a &a!%#n &a!%#n(an (an "a%el "a%el "e Ce" &a!%#n(an li&ti" &#!%e li&ti" R#&a" &a"n)a n)a te" te"anan anan #+a #+aaa +an +an Ce" Ce" &#! &#!%e %e te"a te"ana nan n #+a #+aaa +an +an

o"&i(en

o"&i(en +an 6e" &a!%#n(an

Di&' Di&'#n #n(& (&#n #n) )a !i6 !i6o$ o$o o66 66e& e&o o

Di&6 Di&6on onne ne6t 6t -ent -entil ilat ato o +an +an %ei %ei"a "an n %ant#an -entila&i &e6aa !an#al

/3#nn /3#nne e an+ S#++a S#++at* t* 2002 2002  H#+a" H#+a" an+ ;allo ;allo 1= 1= Pie6e Pie6e 1= 1= Tan,#n( 2009 I. VARIABE RIABEL L DALAM DALAM VENTILAT VENTILATOR

Unt#" !enent#"an !enent#"an !o+# !o+#&& o$ea&i o$ea&ional onal -entilato te+a$at e!$at $aa!ete )an( +i$el#"an #nt#" $en(at#an $a+a $en((#naan -ol#!e 6)6le -entilato 4 -aia%el $entin( +ala! -entila&i !e"ani" te&e%#t )ait# : 1. Fe"# Fe"#en&i en&i $ena'a&an $ena'a&an $e!enit $e!enit )ait# ,#!la* ,#!la* %ea$a "ali in&$ia&i in&$ia&i +i %ei"an %ei"an -entilato +ala! 1 !enit /10  12 %$! 2. Ti Ti+al +al -ol#!e -ol#!e )a )ait# it# ,#!la* ,#!la* (a& (a&#+ #+aa aa )a )an( n( +i %e %ei"a i"an n -en -entil tilato ato &el &ela!a a!a in&$ia&i +ala! &at#an !l66 ata# lite /=1066"(%% 9. ?on&e ?on&enta&i nta&i o"&i(en o"&i(en /FiO2 )an( )an( +i%ei"an +i%ei"an $a+a in&$ia&i in&$ia&i /21100@ /21100@ 4. Po&it Po&iti-e i-e en+ e&$iato) e&$iato) $e&&#e $e&&#e  'lo ate )ait# )ait# "e6e$atan alian alian (a& ata# -ole!e (a& )an( +i*anta"an $e!enit /lite!enit

Pa+a "lien +ea&a 'e"#en&i -entilato +iat# antaa 121=   !enit. Ti+al -ol#!e i&tia*at 7 !l  "( 33 +en(an -entila&i !e"ani" ti+al -ol#!e )an( +i(#na"an a+ala* 101= !l  "( 33. Unt#" !en("o!$en&a&i +ea+ &$a6e +an #nt#" !e!ini!al"an atele"ta&e /Ba) 14 +i"#ti$ +ai Le8one an+ 3#"e 15. #!la* o"&i(en +itent#"an %e+a&a"an $e#%a*an $e&enta&i o"&i(en +ala! (a&. ?aena e&i"o "ea6#nan o"&i(en +an 'i%o&i& $#l!onal !a"a FiO2 +iat# +en( +e n(an an le le-e -ell en en+a +a*. *. PO PO2 2 +a +an n &at &at# #a&i a&i o" o"&i &i(e (en n at ate eii +i +i(# (#na na"a "an n #n #nt# t#" " !enent#"an !enen t#"an "on& "on&enta&i enta&i o"&i(en. PEEP +i(#na"an +i(#na"an #nt# #nt#" " !en6e( !en6e(a* a* "ola$ "ola$&& al-eoli +an #nt#" !enin("at"an +i'#&i al-eoli"a$ile.

J. EFE EFEK K VENTILA VENTILAT TOR

A"i%at +ai te"anan $o&iti' $a+a on((a t*oa +aa* )an( "e!%ali "e ,ant#n( te*a!%at -eno#& et#n !en##n !a"a 6a+ia6 o#t$#t ,#(a !en##n.

3ila "on+i&i $en##nan e&$on &i!$ati& /!i&aln)a "aena *i$o-ole!ia o%at +an #&ia lan,#t !a"a %i&a !en(a"i%at"an *i$oten&i. Daa* )an( leat $a# ,#(a %e"#an( "aena a+a "o!$e&i !i6o-a&"#le a"i%at te"anan $o&iti' &e*in((a +aa* )an( !en#,# ati#! "ii %e"#an( a"i%atn)a 6a+ia6 o#t$#t ,#(a %e"#an(. 3ila te"anan telal# tin((i %i&a te,a+i (an((#an o"&i(ena&i. Selain it# %ila -ol#! -ol#!ee ti+al telal# tin((i )ait# le%i* +ai 101 1012 2 !l"( 33 +an te"anan le%i* %e&a +ai 40 C!H2O ti+a" *an)a !e!$en(a#*i 6a+ia6 o#t$#t /6#a* ,ant#n( teta$i ,#(a e&i"o te,a+in)a $ne#!ot*oa. E'e" $a+a o(an lain: A"i%at 6a+ia6 o#t$#t !en##n $e'#&i "e o(an o(an lain$#n !en##n &e$eti *e$a (in,al +en(an &e(ala a"i%atn)a. A"i%at te"ana te" anan n $o& $o&iti iti'' +i on on((a ((a t*o t*oa a +a +aa* a* )a )an( n( "e! "e!%al %alii +a +aii ota ota" " te* te*a!% a!%at at &e*in((a te"anan inta"anial !enin("at.

K. KOMPLIKAIS VENTILATO VENTILATOR R

Vent ntil ilat ato o a+ a+al ala* a* al alat at #n #nt# t#" " !e !e!% !%an ant# t# $e $en na' a'a& a&an an $a $a&i &ien en ta ta$i $i %i %ila la $eaatann)a ti+a" te$at %i&a !eni!%#l"an "o!$li"a&i &e$eti: P,(, ,#

1.

3ao 3a o t ta# a#!a !a:: te ten& n&io ion n $n $ne# e#!o !ot* t*o oa a e! e!$i $i&e! &e!aa &# &#% % 6# 6#ti ti& & e! e!%o %oli li #+ #+aa aa -a&"#le. Atele"ta&i& Atele"ta&i& "ola$& al-eoli +i''#&e

2.

In'e"&i $a#

9.

?ea6#nan o"&i &i( (en

4.

alan al an na'a& na'a& %#atan: %#atan: "in(" "in("in( in( /tete" /tete"#" #" tee"&t# tee"&t#%a& %a&i i te&#!% te&#!%at. at.

=.

A&$i A& $ia a&i &i 6a 6ai ian an la la!% !%#n #n( (

5.

Ti+a" Ti +a" %e %e'#n '#n(&i (&in) n)aa $en( $en((#n (#naan aan -en -entil tilato ato 

7.

?e# ?e #&a &a"a "an n ,al ,alan an na na'a 'a&& %a( %a(ia ian n ata ata&&

P,(, P,( , + +*% *%$ $ , ,(+! (+!, ,#" #"% % : Hi Hi$o $ote ten& n&i i !e !en# n## #n) n)aa 6a 6a+ +ia ia66 o# o#t$ t$#t #t

+i"aena"an !en##nn)a alian %ali" -ena a"i%at !enin("atn)a te"anan inta t*oa $a+a $e!%eian -entila&i !e"ani" +en(an te"anan tin((i.

P,(, +*%$ ,, #,*

1.

Va&o &o"o "on& n&t ti" i"&i &i 6e 6ee% e%a all Te,a+i Te ,a+i "aena $en# $en##nan #nan te"anan CO2 atei /PaCO2 +i%aa* no!al a"i%at +ai *i$e-entila&i.

2.

Oe+e!a 6e 6ee%al

9.

Te e,a+i ,a+i "aen "aenaa $enin(" $enin("ata atan n te"anan te"anan CO2 atei atei +iata& +iata& no!al no!al a"i%at a"i%at +ai +ai *i$o-entila&i.

4.

Peni Pe nin( n("a "ata tan n te" te"an anan an int inta a " "an ania iall

=.

;an ;a n(( ((#a #an n "e "e&a &a+ +a aan an

5.

;an((#an ti+#.

P,(, +*%$ 3,*!+)*%*+),"

1.

Di&t Di &ten en&i &i la! la!%# %#n( n( +a +an n ill ille# e#&&

2.

Pe e+ +a aa* a*an an la la! !%#n( n(..

L. PROSEDUR PEMBERIAN PEMBERIAN VENTILAT VENTILATOR OR

Se%el#! !e!a&an( -entilato $a+a $a&ien. La"#"an te& $a# $a+a -entilato #nt#" !e!a&ti"an $en(e&etan &e&#ai $e+o!an &tan+a. Se+an("an $en(e&etan aal a+ala* &e%a(ai %ei"#t: 1.

Fa" F a"&i &i o"& o"&i( i(en en in& in&$i $ia& a&ii /FiO /FiO2 2 100 100@ @

2.

Vol# l#!e !e Ti+ i+al al:: 4= 4= !l !l" "( ( 33 33

9.

Fe" F e"e en& n&ii $ena $ena'a 'a&an &an:: 101= 101= "ali "ali! !en enit it

4.

Ali Al ian an in& in&$i $ia& a&i: i: 40 4050 50 li lite te +e +eti" ti"

=.

PEEP PE EP /P /Po& o&&i &iti ti-e -e En En+ + E E$i $ia ato to) ) P Pe& e&&# &#e e at ata# a# te te"a "ana nan n $o $o&i &iti ti'' a" a"*i *i  e"&$ia&i: e"&$i a&i: 0= C! ini +i%ei +i%ei"an "an $a+a $a&ien )an( !en(ala!i !en(ala!i oe+e! oe+e!aa $a# +an #nt#" !en6e(a* atele"ta&i&.

Pen( Pe n(e&e e&eta tan n #n #nt# t#" " $a $a&i &ien en +i +ite tent nt#" #"an an ol ole* e* t# t#,# ,#an an te tea a$i $i +a +an n $e $e# #%a %a*a *an n $en(e&etan +itent#"an ole* e&$on $a&ien )an( +it#,#n"an ole* *a&il anali&a (a& +aa* /3loo+ ;a&

M.

PEN4 PE N4A AMP MPIH IHAN AN DAR DARII VEN VENTI TILA LAT TOR

?iteia +ai $en)a$i*an -entila&i !e"ani" : 1. Te& $en) $en)a$i* a$i*an an

a. ?a$a ?a$a&i &ita ta&& -ita -itall 101 101= = 66 66  "( "( %. Vol#!e ti+al 4= 66  "( 6. Ventil ntila&i a&i !eni !enitt 510 510 l +. Fe"#e Fe"#en&i n&i $e!en $e!enit it > 20 $e!en $e!enit it 2. Pen(at Pen(at#a #an n -entilat -entilato o a. FiO2 iO2 > =0@ %. Te"anan Te"anan e"&$ia&i a"*i $o&iti' /PEEP : 0 9. ;a& ;a& +aa +aa* * ate ateii a. PaCO PaCO2 2 no! no!al al %. PaO2 5070 !!H( 6. PH no!al no!al +en(an &e!#a &e!#a "e&ei!%an(an "e&ei!%an(an ele"tolit ele"tolit +i$e%ai" +i$e%ai"ii 4. Selan( Selan( En+ot En+ota"e a"eal al a. Po&i&i +iata& "aina "aina $a+a 'oto Ront(en Ront(en %. U"#an : +ia!ete .= !! =. N#ti& ti&ii a. ?aloi ?aloi $e*a $e*ai i 20002 20002=00 =00 "al "al %. Ba Ba"t# "t# : 1 ,a! &e%el#! !a"an 5. ala alan n na'a na'a&& a. Se" Se"e& e&ii : anti anti%i %iot oti" i" %ila %ila te, te,a+ a+ii $e# $e#%a %a*a *an n an ana a $en( $en(*i *i&a &a$a $an n /tionin( %. 3on"o&$a&!e : "ontol +en(an 3eta 3eta A+ene(i" A+ene(i" Tio'ilin Tio'ilin ata# Steoi+ 6. Po&i&i Po&i&i : +#+# +#+#" " &e!i &e!i 'ole 'ole  7. O%at O%ato% o%at atan an a. A(en &e+ati-e &e+ati-e : +i*enti"an +i*enti"an le%i* +ai +ai 24 ,a! %. A(en $aali&e : +i*enti"an le%i* +ai 24 ,a! . E!o&i Pe&ia$an $&i"olo(i& te*a+a$ $en)a$i*an . Fi&i" Sta%il i&tia*at te$en#*i

N. METODE PEN4A PEN4APIHAN PIHAN

1. 8eto+e T.Pie6e

Te"ni" $en)a$i*an +en(an !en((#na"an &#at# alat )an( %ent#"n)a &e$eti *##' *##' T. $e!%e $e!%eian ian o"&i( o"&i(en en *a#& *a#& le%i* le%i* tin((i tin((i 10@ +ai o"&i(e o"&i(en n &aat $en((#naan -entilato. Pa&ien +in)ata"an &ia$ +ie"&t#%a&i ,i"a $en((#naan T. Pie6e le%i* %an)a" +ai $en((#naan -entilato. ?e#nt#n(ann)a a+ala* $o&e& $en)a$i*an le%i* 6e$at 2. 8eto 8eto+e +e SI8 SI8V V 8eto+e +en(an 6aa !en(#an(i !en(#an(i %ant#an -entila&i +en(an 6aa !en(#an(i !en(#an(i 'e"#en&i 'e"#en&i $ena$a&an $ena$a&an )an( )an( +i%ei"an +i%ei"an ole* !e&in. Den(an Den(an !en((#na" !en((#na"an an !eto+e !eto+e ini $a&ien +a$at !eti* otototot otototot $ena$a&an $ena$a&an le%i* a!an +an $a&ien ti+a" !ea&a"an "eta"#tan teta$i "e#(iann)a %elan(&#n( la!%at 9. 8eto+e PS PSV Den(an 6aa !en(#an(i ,#!la* te"anan )an( +i%ei"an -entilato

O. PROSEDUR PEN4API PEN4APIHAN HAN

1. 8e!%eita*# 8e!%eita*#"an "an $a&ien tentan( tentan( en6ana en6ana eanin( eanin( 6aa $ea&aan ta" ena" $a+a aal eanin(. La"#"an &#$$ot !ental $a+a $a&ien te#ta!a )an( &#+a* !en((#na"an -entilato +ala! a"t# la!a 2. 8e!ini!al" 8e!ini!al"an an o%ato%at o%ato%at &e+a&i 9. 8ela"# 8ela"#"an "an $a+a $a+a $a(i $a(i *ai *ai ata# ata# &ian( &ian( *ai +i!ana +i!ana !a&i* !a&i* %an)a" %an)a" &ta'' ICU +an "on+i&i $a&ien &ta%il 4. 8e!%e&i*"a 8e!%e&i*"an n ,alan na'a& !e!$o&i&i"an !e!$o&i&i"an $a&ien $a&ien &en)a!an &en)a!an !#n("in =. ;#na"an T $ie6e ata# CPAP CPAP +en(an FiO2 &e&#ai &e!#ala 5. 8ela"# 8ela"#"an "an !onitoi !onitoin( n( "el#*a "el#*an n &#%,e" &#%,e"ti' ti' na+i na+i RR ia!a ,ant#n ,ant#n( ( "e,a "e,a na'a& +an &at#a&i O2 7. 8en(aa&i 8en(aa&i anali&a anali&a (a& +aa* 90 !enit !enit &etela* $o&e+ $o&e+# # . 8ela"#"an 8ela"#"an +o"#!enta& +o"#!enta&ii )an( !eli$#ti te"ni" te"ni" eanin( e&$on e&$on $a&ien +an la!an)a eanin( /3#nne an+ S#++at* 2002  H#+a" an+ ;allo 1= Tan,#n( Tan,#n( 2009

ASUHAN KEPERAATAN PADA KLIEN DENGAN VENTILATOR

A. P%)3 P%)3,6+, ,6+,) ) Peaat !e!$#n)ai $eanan $entin( !en("a,i &tat#& $a&ien +an '#n(&i

-entilato. Dala! !en("a,i "lien $eaat !en(e-al#a&i *al*al %ei"#t : 1. Tan an+a +atan tan+a +a -ital -ital 2. 3#" 3#"ti ti a+an) a+an)aa *i$o"&i *i$o"&iaa 9. Fe"# Fe"#en&i en&i +an $ola $ena $ena'a&an 'a&an 4. 3# 3#n) n)ii na na'a& 'a& =. Sta Stat#& t#& ne# ne#ol olo(i o(i&& 5. Vol#!e ti+al ti+al -entila&i -entila&i &e!enit  "a$a&ita& "a$a&ita& -ital "#at 7. ?e% ?e%#t# #t#*an *an $en( $en(i&a$ i&a$an an . U$a) U$a)aa -entila&i -entila&i &$ont &$ontan an "lien "lien . St Stat at#& #& n#t n#ti i&i &i 10.. St 10 Stat# at#&& $&i"o $&i"olo lo(i (i&&

P%)3,6+,) K,(+!,#"% K,(+!,#"%

Pe#%a Pe #%a*an *an +al +ala! a! 6# 6#a* a* ,an ,ant#n t#n( ( +a$ +a$at at te te,a+i ,a+i &e%a &e%a(ai (ai a"i a"i%at %at -en -entil tilato ato  te"anan te"ana n $o&iti $o&iti'. '. Te"a e"anan nan intat intatoa"& oa"& $o&it $o&iti' i' &ela!a in&$ia&i !ene" !ene"an an ,ant#n ,ant#n( ( +an $e!%#l#* +aa* %e&a +en(an +e!i"ian !en(#an(i a#& %ali" -ena +an 6#a 6# a* *

,ant ,a nt#n #n(. (. Te"a "ana nan n

$o&i $o &iti ti''

)an an( (

%el %e le% e%i* i*an an +a +a$a $att

!en) !e n)e% e%a% a%"a "an n

$ne#!otoa"& &$ontan a"i%at ta#!a $a+a al-eoli. ?on+i&i ini +a$at 6e$at %e"e!%an( !en,a+i $ne#!otoa"& ten&ion )an( le%i* ,a#* la(i la (i !en((an((# a#& %ali" -ena 6#a* ,ant#n( +an te"anan +aa*. Unt#"

!en(e-al#a&i

'#n(&i

,an ,a nt#n(

$ea a a t

te#ta!a

*a a# #&

!e!$e !e! $e*ati *ati"an "an tan tan+a +a +an (e, (e,ala ala *i$ *i$o"& o"&e!i e!iaa +an *i$ *i$o"& o"&ia ia /(e /(eli&a li&a*( *(#(# #(#$ $ "ela! 'a"i ta"i"a+i ta"i"a+i ta"i$ ta"i$noe noe $#6at )an )an( ( %e"e! %e"e!%an( %an( !en,a+i &iano &iano&i& &i& %e"ein(at +an $en##nan *al#aan #in. P%)3,6+,) P%,",*,)

Vent ntil ilat ato o ,# ,#(a (a *a *a# #&& +i +i"a "a,i ,i #n #nt# t#" " !e !e!a !a&t &ti" i"an an %a %a* *aa

-ent -e ntil ilat ato o

$en(at#ann)a tela* +i%#at +en(an te$at. Dala! !e!anta# -entilato $eaat *a#& !e!$e*ati"an *al*al %ei"#t : 1. 2. 9. 4. =. 5. 7. . .

eni& -en eni& -entil tilato ato  Caa $en(en+ala $en(en+alain in /Contolle+ /Contolle+ A&&i&t A&&i&t Contol Contol +ll Pen(at#an -ol#!e ti+al +an 'e"#en&i Pen(at#an Pen(a t#an FIO2 FIO2 /'a"&i /'a"&i o"&i(en o"&i(en )an( +iin&$ia +iin&$ia&i &i Te"anan Te "anan in&$ia&i in&$ia&i )an( )an( +i6a$ai +an %ata&an %ata&an te"anan. te"anan. A+an)aa ai +ala! &elan(tele$ A+an) &elan(tele$a& a& &a!%#n(an &a!%#n(an ata# teli$atn)a teli$atn)a &elan(. H#!i H# !i+i +i'i 'i"a "a&i &i Ala! PEEP

Catatan: i"aa te i" te,a ,a+i +i !a !al'# l'#n( n(&i &i &) &)&t &te! e! -e -ent ntil ilato ato  +a +an n ,i ,i"a "a !a !a&al &ala* a* ti ti+a +a" " +a +a$a $att +ii+enti'i"a&i +an +i$e%ai"i +en(an 6e$at $eaat *a#& &ia$ !e!%ei"an -entila&i "e$a+a "lien +en(an !en((#na"an 3a( Re&#&6itation 8an#al. P%$%+,,) D+,3)!*+

Pe!ei" Pe! ei"&aan &aan Dia Dia(no (no&ti &ti" " )a )an( n( $e $el# l# +il +ila"# a"#"an "an $a+ $a+aa "li "lien en +en +en(an (an -en -entil tila&i a&i !e"ani" )ait# : 1. 2. 9. 4.

Pe!ei"&a Pe!ei "&aan an '#n(&i '#n(&i $a# $a# Anali&a Ana li&a (a& (a& +aa* +aa* ate ateii ?a$a&i ?a$ a&ita& ta& -it -ital al $a# $a# ?a$a&i ?a$ a&ita& ta& -ital -ital "#a "#att

=. Vol#! l#!ee ti+al ti+al 5. In& In&$i $ia&i a&i ne(at ne(ati-e i-e "#at "#at 7. Venti ntila&i la&i &e!eni &e!enitt . Te" e"ana anan n in&$i in&$ia&i a&i . Vol#!e e"&$i e"&$ia&i a&i "#at 10.. Al 10 Ali ian an-ol ol#! #!ee 11. Si Sina na  +a +a+a +a 12. Stat#& n#ti&i  ele"tolit.

B. D+,3) D+,3)!, !, K%%,7, K%%,7,*,) *,) Dia(no&a "e$eaatan !a)o "lien +a$at !en6a"#$ :

1. ?e ?e# #&a" &a"an an $e $et t#" #"aa aan n (a (a&& )an an( ( %e %e* *#% #%#n #n(a (an n +e +en( n(an an $e $en) n)a"i a"itt )a )an( n( !en+a&ai ata# $en)e&#aian $en(at#an -entilato &ela!a &ta%ili&a&i ata# $en)a$i*an /$en(e&etan -entilato ta" te$at . 2. ?e ?eti ti+a +a" "e' e'e" e"ti ti'a 'an n

%e& %e &i* i*an an

,ala ,a lan n

na'a na 'a&&

)an an( (

%e* %e *# #%# %#n( n(an an

+en en(a (an n

$e!%ent#"an len+i )an( %e"aitan +en(an -entila&i !e"ani" te"anan $o&iti' . 9. Pe Pe# #%a %a*a *an n n# n#ti ti&i &i "# "#a an( n( +a +ai i "e "e%# %#t# t#*a *an n t# t#%# %#* * %e %e* *#% #%#n #n(a (an n +e +en( n(an an $enin("atan "e%#t#*an !eta%oli&!e t#%#* %e"aitan +en(an $en)a"it "iti& "#an( "e!a!$#an #nt#" !a"an $eoal. 4. Ri& Ri&i"o i"o te te*a+ *a+a$ a$ ta# ta#!a !a +an in'e"&i in'e"&i )a )an( n( %e %e*#% *#%#n( #n(an an +en +en(an (an int#%a&i int#%a&i en+ota"ea +an ta"eo&to!i. =. ?e ?e# #&a" &a"an an !o !o%i %ilit lita& a& 'i 'i&i" &i" )a )an( n( %e %e* *#% #%#n #n(a (an n +e +en( n(an an "e "ete te( (an ant# t#n( n(an an -entilato. 5. ?e ?e#&a #&a"an "an "o! "o!#ni #ni"a& "a&ii -e -e%al %al )a )an( n( %e %e*#% *#%#n( #n(an an +en +en(an (an te" te"ana anan n &ela &elan( n( en+ota"ea +an $e!a&an(an $a+a -entilato. 7. ?o$ ?o$in( in( in+ in+i-i i-i+# +# ti+ ti+a" a" e'e" e'e"ti' ti' +an "et "eti+a i+a"%e "%e+a +a)aa )aan n )a )an( n( %e %e*#% *#%#n( #n(an an +en(an "ete(ant#n(an $a+a -entilato. M,,",8 !",9!,*+ /K!$"+,+ P!*%)+,"

1. 8el 8elaan aan "e,a "e,a -enti -entilat lato o 2. 8a&ala 8a&ala*!a&al *!a&ala* a* -entilato -entilato  $enin("atan $enin("atan +ala! te"anan te"anan ,alan na'a& na'a& $#n6a"  $en##nan te"anan  "e*ilan(an "e*ilan(an -ol#!e 9. ;an ;an((# ((#an an "a "a+io +io-a&" -a&"#le #le 

4. 3aota#!a 3aota#!a +an $ne#! $ne#!ot*o ot*oa"& a"& =. In In'e 'e"& "&ii $a# $a# C. P%), P%),*,", *,",,), ,),,) ,) 1. M%)+ M%)+)3, )3,*,) *,) %*# %*#,, ,,) ) 3, T#,#an !en)el##*

-entila&i

!e"ani"

a+ala*

#nt#"

!en(o$ti!al"an $et#"aan (a& +en(an !e!$eta*an"an -entila&i al-eola +an $en(ii!an o"&i(en. Pe#%a*an +ala! $et#"aan (a& +a$at +i"aena"an $en)a"it )an( !en+a&ai ata# 'a6to !e"ani& )an( %e*#%#n(an +en(an $en)e&#aian +ai !e&in +en(an $a&ien. Ti! $eaatan "e&e*atan te!a&#" $eaat  +o"te +an +a n a* a*li li te tea$ a$ii $e $en na'a a'a&an &an  &e6 &e6a aaa "o "ont ntin in# # !e !en( n("a "a,i ,i $a $a&ie &ien n te te* *a+ a+a$ a$ $et#"aan (a& )an( a+e"#at  tan+a +an (e,ala *i$o"&ia +an e&$on te*a+a$ tin+a"an. Pet#" Pe t#"aa aan n (a& )a )an( n( ti+ ti+a" a" a+e a+e"#a "#att +a$ +a$at at %e %e*#% *#%#n( #n(an an +en +en(an (an 'a"to'a"to )an( &an(at %ea(a! tin("at "e&a+aan atele"ta&i& "ele%i*an 6aian n)ei in&i&i ata# $en)a"it $i!e &e$eti $ne#!onia. Pen(i&a$an ,alan na'a& %aa* +i&etai 'i&iotea$i +a+a /$e"#&i 'i%a&i a+ala* &tate(i lain #nt#" !e!%e&i*"an ,alan na'a& +ai "ele%i*an &e"e&i "aena 6#"#$ %#"ti tentan( "e#&a"an inti!a $o*on ta"eo%on"ial. ta"eo%on"ial. Inte-en&i Inteen&i "e$ea "e$eaatan atan )an( $enti $entin( n( $a+a "lien )an )an( ( !en+ !en+a$at a$at -entila&i !e"ani" )ait# a#&"#lta&i $a# +an inte$eta&i (a& +aa* atei. Peaat &ein( !en,a+i oan( $eta!a )an( !en(eta*#i $e#%a*an +ala! te!#an $en("a,ian 'i&i" ata# "e6en+e#n(an &i(ni'i"an +ala! (a& +aa* )an( )a n( !en !enan+ an+a"a a"an n te, te,a+i a+in) n)aa !a& !a&ala* ala* /$n /$ne#! e#!oto otoa" a"& & $e $e#%a #%a*an *an let leta" a" &elan( e!%oli $#l!onal.

2. P%), P%),*,", *,",,) ,),,) ,,) 6,",) 6,",) ),, ),, Venti ntila&i la&i te" te"ana anan n $o& $o&iti iti'' )a )an( n( "on "ontin tin)# )# +a$ +a$at at !en !enin( in("at "at"an "an

$e!%ent#"an &e"e&i +en(an a$a$#n "on+i&i $a&ien )an( !en+a&ai. Peaa Pe aatt *a *a#& #& !en !en(i+ (i+enti enti'i" 'i"a&i a&i a+a a+an) n)aa &e" &e"e&i e&i +en +en(an (an a#& a#&"#l "#lta&i ta&i $a $a# # &e+i"itn)a 24 ,a!. Tin+a"an #nt#" !e!%e&i*a"an ,alan na'a& te!a&#" $en(i&a$an 'i&iotea$i +a+a $e#%a*an $o&i&i )an( &ein( +an $enin("atan !o%ilita& &e6e$at !#n("in. H#!i H# !i+i +i'i 'i"a "a&i &i +e +en( n(an an

6aa 6a a

-ent -e ntil ilat ato o

+i$e +i $et ta* a*an an"a "an n

#nt# #n t#" "

!e!%ant# !e!% ant# $en(e $en(en6ean n6ean &e"e& &e"e&ii &e*in( &e*in((a (a &e"e&i le%i* !#+a !#+a* * +i"el +i"el#a"an #a"an..

3on"o 3o n"o+il +ilato ato %ai %ai" " int intaa-ena ena !a# !a#$#n $#n in* in*ala ala&i &i +i% +i%ei ei"an "an &e&# &e&#ai ai +en +en(an (an e&e$ #nt#" !en+ilata&i %on"iol#&.

:. M%)' M%)'%3,8 %3,8 *,# *,#$, $, (,) (,) +)%+ +)%+ Penatala"&an Penat ala"&anaan aan ,alan na'a& *a#& !en6a"#$ $e!eli*aaan $e!eli*aaan &elan(

en+ota"ea ata# ta"eo&to!i. Selan( -entilato +i$o&i&i"an &e+e!i"ian #$a &e*in((a &e*in( (a *an) *an)aa &e+i"i &e+i"itt "e!# "e!#n("in n("inan an tetai tetai" " ata# $en)i!$an(an $en)i!$an(an &elan( +ala! ta"ea. Peaa Pe aatan tan ta" ta"eo&t eo&to!i o!i +il +ila"# a"#"an "an &e+ &e+i"i i"itn) tn)aa &eti &etia$ a$  ,a! ,i" ,i"aa +iin +i in+i +i"a "a&i" &i"an an "a "ae ena na $e $eni nin( n("a "ata tan n e& e&i" i"o o in in'e" 'e"&i. &i. Hi Hi(i (ien enee o oal al &e &ein in( ( +ila"#"an "aena on((a oal !e#$a"an &#!%e #ta!a "onta!ina&i $a# $a# $a+a $a&ien )an( +iint#%a&i $a+a $a&ien le!a*. A+an) A+an)aa &elan( na&o(a&ti" +an $en((#naan anta&i+a $a+a $a&ien +en(an -entila&i !e"ani" ,#(a tela* !e!$e+i&$o&i&i"an $a&ien $a+a $ne#!onia no&o"o!ial a"i%at a&$ia&i. a&$ia& i. Pa&ie Pa&ien n ,#(a +i$o&i&i"an +i$o&i&i"an +en( +en(an an "e$ala +inai""an +inai""an le%i* tin((i +ai $e#t &e+a$at !#n("in #nt#" !en(#an(i !en(#an(i $oten&ial a&$ia&i i&i la!%#n(.

;. P%)+ P%)+)3,* )3,*,) ,) *+)3,* *+)3,* $!9+"+*, $!9+"+*, !*+$," !*+$," 8o%ilita& $a&ien te%ata& "aena +i*#%#n("an +en(an -entilato.

8o%i 8o %ili lita ta&& +a +an n a" a"ti ti-i -ita ta&& ot otot ot &a &an( n(at at %e %e! !an an'a 'aat at "a "ae ena na !en en&t &ti! i!#l #lii $ena'a&an +an !e!$e%ai"i !ental. Lati*an entan( (ea" $a&i'a"ti' +ila"#"an tia$  ,a! #nt#" !en6e(a* ato'i otot "onta"t# +an &tati& -ena.

5. M%)+ M%)+)3, )3,*,) *,) !$#) !$#)+,+ +,+ !*+$, !*+$,"" 8eto+e "o!#ni"a&i altenati' *a#& +i"e!%an("an #nt#" $a&ien

+en(an +en (an -en -entil tila&i a&i !e" !e"ani ani". ". 3il 3ilaa "et "ete% e%ata ata&an &an $a& $a&ien ien +i" +i"eta* eta*#i #i $e $eaa aatt !en((#na"an $en+e"atan "o!#ni"a&i !e!%a6a (ea" %i%i !en((#na"an "et "e ta& a& +a +an n $e $en& n&il il %a %a*a *a&a &a (e (ea a" " t# t#%# %#* * $a $a$a $an n "o "o!# !#ni ni"a "a&i &i $a $a$a $an n $en(#!#!an. A*li A*li tea$i %a*a&a +a$at !e!%ant# +ala! !enent#"a !eto+e )an( $alin( &e&#ai #nt#" $a&ien.

<. M%)+ M%)+)3, )3,*,) *,) %$,$ %$,$#,) #,) !+)3 !+)3.. Den(an !e!%ei"an +oon(an $a+a "lien #nt#" !en(#n("a$"an

$ea&aan !en(enai -entilato "on+i&i $a&ien +an lin("#n(an &e6aa & e6aa #!#!

&an(at %e!an'aat. 8e!%ei"an $en,ela&an $o&e+# &etia$ "ali +ila"#"an #nt#" !en(#an(i !en(#an(i an&ieta& +an !e!%ia&a"an !e!%ia&a"an "lien +en(an #tinita& #!a* &a"it. ?lien !#n("in !#n("in !en,a !en,a+i +i !ena !enai" i" +ii ata# +e$e& +e$e&ii &ela!a -entila&i -entila&i !e"a !e "ani ni" "

te# te #ta ta!a !a

,i"a ,i "a

%e" %e "e$ e$an an,a ,an( n(an an

a"i% a" i%at atn) n)aa

$ea $e aa att

*a# *a #&&

!en(in'o! !en( in'o!a&i"an a&i"an tentan tentan( ( "e!a "e!a,#ann) ,#ann)aa $a+a "lien "lien %ila !e!# !e!#n("in n("in"an "an $en(ali*an $e*atian &e$eti !enonton TV TV %e!ain !#&i" ata# %e,alan ,alan ,i"a &e&#ai +an !e!#n("in"an +ila"#"an. Te Te"ni" "ni" $en##nan &te&& /$i,atan $#n((#n( tin+a"an ela"&a&i !e!%ant# !ele$a&"an "ete(an(an +an !e! !e!a!$ a!$#"a #"an n "li "lien en #nt #nt#" #" !en !en(*a (*a+a$ +a$ii an&i an&ieta eta&& +an "et "eta"# a"#tan tan a"a a"an n "on+i&i +an "ete(ant#n(an $a+a -entilato.

D. E, E,"#, "#,+ + Ha&il )an( +i*aa$"an +ai a&#*an "e$eaatan )an( +i%ei"an antaa lain :

1.

8en# 8e n#n, n,#" #""a "an n $e $et t#" #"a aan an (a (a& & "a "a+a +a (a (a&& +a +aa a* * a ate tei i te te"a "ana nan n a ate tei i $#l!onal +an tan+atan+a -ital )an( a+e"#at. a+e"#at.

2.

8en# 8e n#n, n,#" #""a "an n -e -ent ntil ila& a&ii )an an( ( a+ a+e" e"#a #att +e +en( n(an an a" a"#! #!#l #la& a&ii le len+ n+i i )an an( ( !ini!al.

9.

3e%a 3e %a&& +a +ai i 6e+ea 6e+ea ata# in'e" in'e"&i &i )an( )an( +i +i%# %#"t "ti" i"an an +en(a +en(an n &# &#*# *# t#%#* t#%#* +an ,#!la* &el +aa* $#ti*.

4.

Da$at Da$ at a"t a"ti' i' +al +ala! a! "et "ete% e%ata ata&an &an "e! "e!a!$ a!$#an #an..

=.

3e"o! 3e "o!#ni #ni"a& "a&ii &e6aa e'e"ti e'e"ti'' !elal#i !elal#i $e&an $e&an tet#li& tet#li& (ea" (ea" t#%#* t#%#* ata# ata# alat "o!#ni"a&i lainn)a.

5.

Da$a Da $att !en( !en(ata ata&i &i !a& !a&ala ala* * &e6a &e6aa a e'e" e'e"ti ti'. '.

DIAGNOSA KEPERAATAN


TUJUAN TUJUAN DAN EVALUASI

3e&i*an ,alan na'a& ti+a" e'e"ti' %.+. "eti+a"!a!$#an #nt#" %at#" +an te$a&an(n)a alat +i ta"ea

T#,#an : Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaatan 924 ,a! %e&i*an ,alan na'a& !en,a+i e'e"ti'

1.

?a,i ?a,i "e$at "e$atena enan n ,alan ,alan na'a& na'a&

O%&t O%&t# #"& "&ii +a$a +a$att +i&e +i&e%a %a%" %"an an ole* ole* a"#!#la&i &e6et $elen("etan !#"o&a $e+aa*an &$a&!e %on"#& ata# !a&ala* $o&i&i &elan( en+ota"eal

Data :

?iteia E-al#a&i : Tan+a n+ata tan+ n+aa -ita -itall  no!al S#aa S#aa na$a& -e&i"#le -e&i"#le  ti+a" a+a on6*i Ti+a" i+a" a+a a+a et eta" a"&i &i  +in+in( +a+a Ti+a" a+a &iano&i&  A"al *an(at 

2.

E-al#a E-al#a&i &i $e(ea $e(ea"an "an +a+a +a+a +an a#&"#lt a#&"#lta&i a&i %#n)i na'a&

;ea"an ;ea"an +a+a &i!eti& +en(an %#n)i %#n)i na'a& na'a& !elal#i !elal#i aea $a# !en#n,#"an !en#n,#"an leta" &elan( te$at  ta" !en#t#$ ,alan na'a&. na'a&. O%&t# O%&t#"&i "&i ,alan ,alan na'a& na'a& %aa* %aa* !en(*a&il !en(*a&il"an "an $e#%a*an $e#%a*an $a+a %#n)i %#n)i na'a& &e$eti R* +an B*

9.

Aa&i Aa&i leta" leta" &elan &elan( ( en+ota en+ota"ea "eall

Selan( Selan( en+ot en+ota"e a"eal al +a$at +a$at !a&#" !a&#" "e %on"#& "anan &e*in((a !en(*a!%at alian #+aa "e "ii +an" lien %ei&i"o !en(ala!i ten&ion $ne#!otoa"&

4.

Cata Catatt %at# %at#" " %el %ele% e%i* i*an an $eni $enin( n("a "ata tan n +i&$nea %#n)i ala! te"anan tin((i $a+a -entilato -entilato $enin("ata $enin("atan n on"i on"i &e6et &e6et teli*at $a+a &elan( en+ota"eal

?lie ?lien n +en( +en(an an int# int#%a %a&i &i !en(ala!i %at#" ta" e'e"ti'

=.

La"# La"#"a "an n t tio ion n &e&# &e&#ai ai "e%# "e%#t# t#*a *an n S#6tio S#6tion n ti+a" ti+a" *a#& *a#& #tin #tin la!an) la!an)aa %ata&i $en(*i&a$an !a"&i!al 10 +eti". *a#& *a#& +i%ata +i%ata&i &i #nt#" #nt#" !en## !en##n"a n"an n Peta* Peta*an" an"an an te"ni" te"ni" &teil &teil.. Se%el# Se%el#! ! %a*a)a *i$o"&ia. Hi$e-entila&i 100 @ $en(*i&a$an *i$e-entila&i 100@ %et#,#an #nt#" !en6e(a* atele"ta&i& +an !en##n"an *i$o"&ia ti%a  ti%a

5.

An,#" An,#"an an "lien "lien !ela"#" !ela"#"an an te"ni" te"ni" %at#" %at#" 8enin("at"an "ee'e"ti'an #$a)a %at#"



 

%e#%a*n)a 'e"#en&i +an "e+ala!an $ena'a&an %#n)i na'a& ti+a" no!al &iano&i& /J


Pola Pola na'a na'a&& ti+a" ti+a" e'e e'e"t "ti' i' : "eti+a"!a!$#an #nt#" %ena'a& &e6aa &e6aa &$onta &$ontan n %.+ $en## $en##nan nan e"&$an&i $a#


KRITERIA KRITERIA

KRITERIA KRITERIA

T#,#an : Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaata "e$eaatan n 924 ,a! $a&ien $a&ien a"an !e!ili"i !e!ili"i $ola na'a& na'a& )an( e'e"ti'

Data :   



TV ↓ RR ↑ Ta"i$ Ta"i$nea nea  %a+i$ %a+i$nea nea %ila +ile$a&"an +ai -entilato PaCO2

?iteia E-al#a&i : Ti+a" Ti+a" a+a $en((#naan $en((#naan  otot %ant# $ena$a&an Ti+a" a+a &iano&i& ata#  *i$o"&ia A;D A;D +ala +ala! ! ent entan an( (  no!al Ti+a" a+a ta"i$nea 

INTERVENSI KEPERAATAN


RASIONAL

%ia& %ia&an an)a )a

RASIONAL

&ela!a $en(*i&a$an

+an $e!%e&i*an &e6et

7.

3ei 3ei 6aian 6aian &e&#ai &e&#ai "e!a! "e!a!$#a $#an n in+i-i+ in+i-i+# # +an #%a* $o&i&i

8e!%ant# 8e!%ant# !en(en6e"a !en(en6e"an n &e6et &e6et +an !enin("at !enin("at"an "an $en(el#aa $en(el#aann)a. nn)a. Po&i&i Po&i&i a"an !enin("at"an +aina&e &e6et

.

La"#"an La"#"an 'i&iot 'i&iotea$i ea$i +a+a &e&#ai &e&#ai in+i"a& in+i"a&ii

8enin("at"an -entila&i

.

?ola%o ?ola%oa& a&i"a i"an n $e!%e $e!%eian ian %on"o+i %on"o+ilat lato o 8enin("at"an -entila&i +an !e!%#an( +an aeo&o aeo&oll &e&#ai &e&#ai in+i"a in+i"a&i &i 6onto* 6onto* &e"et a!ino' a!ino'ili ilin n !eta$ !eta$ote oteen enol ol &#l'at &#l'at %on"o&ol

1. ?a,i etiolo(i etiolo(i (a(al (a(al na'a&

Pe!a*a Pe!a*a!an !an $en)e $en)e%a% %a% (a(al (a(al na'a& na'a& !e!% !e!%e eii +a&a +a&a #nt# #nt#" " $e!i $e!ili li*a *an n inte-en&i )an( te$at %a(i "lien

2. O%&eO%&e-a&i a&i $ola na'a&. na'a&. Catat Catat RR ,aa" ,aa" ?lie ?lien n +en( +en(an an -ent -entil ilat ato o +a$a +a$att anta antaa a $en $ena' a'a& a&an an &$on &$onta tan n +en( +en(an an !en(ala!i *i$e-entila&i  -entilato *i$o-entila&i +i&$nea +an na'a& 6e$at &e%a(ai "o!$en&a&i 9.

Hit#n( Hit#n( $ena'a&a $ena'a&an n "lien &ela!a &ela!a 1 !enit !enit $en#* +an %an+in("an #nt#" !en)#&#n 'e"#en&i +i -entilato

Pena' Pena'a&a a&an n &an(at &an(at %e(a %e(ant# nt#n( n( $a+a $a+a !a&ala !a&ala* * )an( )an( !e!el !e!el#"a #"an n %ant#a %ant#an n -entilato 6onto* "lien !#n("in &e6aa total %e(ant#n( %e(ant#n( $a+a -entilato -entilato ata# !a!$# %ena'a& &en+ii +iantaa na'a& )an( +i%ei"an ole* -entilato


Pola Pola na'a na'a&& ti+a" ti+a" e'e e'e"t "ti' i' : "eti+a"!a!$#an #nt#" %ena'a& &e6aa &e6aa &$onta &$ontan n %.+ $en## $en##nan nan e"&$an&i $a#


KRITERIA KRITERIA

T#,#an : Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaata "e$eaatan n 924 ,a! $a&ien $a&ien a"an !e!ili"i !e!ili"i $ola na'a& na'a& )an( e'e"ti'

Data :   



TV ↓ RR ↑ Ta"i$ Ta"i$nea nea  %a+i$ %a+i$nea nea %ila +ile$a&"an +ai -entilato PaCO2


?iteia E-al#a&i : Ti+a" Ti+a" a+a $en((#naan $en((#naan  otot %ant# $ena$a&an Ti+a" a+a &iano&i& ata#  *i$o"&ia A;D A;D +ala +ala! ! ent entan an( (  no!al Ti+a" a+a ta"i$nea 


KRITERIA KRITERIA


RASIONAL

&ela!a $en(*i&a$an

+an $e!%e&i*an &e6et

7.

3ei 3ei 6aian 6aian &e&#ai &e&#ai "e!a! "e!a!$#a $#an n in+i-i+ in+i-i+# # +an #%a* $o&i&i

8e!%ant# 8e!%ant# !en(en6e"a !en(en6e"an n &e6et &e6et +an !enin("at !enin("at"an "an $en(el#aa $en(el#aann)a. nn)a. Po&i&i Po&i&i a"an !enin("at"an +aina&e &e6et

.

La"#"an La"#"an 'i&iot 'i&iotea$i ea$i +a+a &e&#ai &e&#ai in+i"a& in+i"a&ii

8enin("at"an -entila&i

.

?ola%o ?ola%oa& a&i"a i"an n $e!%e $e!%eian ian %on"o+i %on"o+ilat lato o 8enin("at"an -entila&i +an !e!%#an( +an aeo&o aeo&oll &e&#ai &e&#ai in+i"a in+i"a&i &i 6onto* 6onto* &e"et a!ino' a!ino'ili ilin n !eta$ !eta$ote oteen enol ol &#l'at &#l'at %on"o&ol

1. ?a,i etiolo(i etiolo(i (a(al (a(al na'a&

Pe!a*a Pe!a*a!an !an $en)e $en)e%a% %a% (a(al (a(al na'a& na'a& !e!% !e!%e eii +a&a +a&a #nt# #nt#" " $e!i $e!ili li*a *an n inte-en&i )an( te$at %a(i "lien

2. O%&eO%&e-a&i a&i $ola na'a&. na'a&. Catat Catat RR ,aa" ,aa" ?lie ?lien n +en( +en(an an -ent -entil ilat ato o +a$a +a$att anta antaa a $en $ena' a'a& a&an an &$on &$onta tan n +en( +en(an an !en(ala!i *i$e-entila&i  -entilato *i$o-entila&i +i&$nea +an na'a& 6e$at &e%a(ai "o!$en&a&i 9.

Hit#n( Hit#n( $ena'a&a $ena'a&an n "lien &ela!a &ela!a 1 !enit !enit $en#* +an %an+in("an #nt#" !en)#&#n 'e"#en&i +i -entilato


4 . P e e i" i" &a &a & el el an an ( t e e *a *a+ a$ a$ a+ an an )a )a "e!#n("inan o%&t#"&i 6onto* teli$at ata# a"#!#la&i ai. Ali"an &elan( &e&#ai in+i"a&i

Pena' Pena'a&a a&an n &an(at &an(at %e(a %e(ant# nt#n( n( $a+a $a+a !a&ala !a&ala* * )an( )an( !e!el !e!el#"a #"an n %ant#a %ant#an n -entilato 6onto* "lien !#n("in &e6aa total %e(ant#n( %e(ant#n( $a+a -entilato -entilato ata# !a!$# %ena'a& &en+ii +iantaa na'a& )an( +i%ei"an ole* -entilato

RASIONAL

Li$at Li$atan an ata# ata# o%&t# o%&t#"&i "&i $a+a $a+a &elan( &elan( +a$at +a$at !en6e(a* !en6e(a* $en(ii!a $en(ii!an n -ol#!e -ol#!e )an( )an( a+e" a+e"#a #att +an +an !eni !enin( n("a "at" t"an an te"ana te"anan n ,alan ,alan na'a&. na'a&. A"#!# A"#!#la& la&ii ai !en6e(a* !en6e(a* +i&ti%#&i +i&ti%#&i (a& +an $en6et#& $en6et#& $et#!%#*an %a"tei

=. Pei"& Pei"&aa '#n(&i '#n(&i ala! -entilat -entilato o.. an(an an(an 8enin("at" 8enin("at"an an "ea&$a+aa "ea&$a+aan n te*a+a$ te*a+a$ !ati"an ala! $e#%a*an "on+i&i "lien +an "e$atenan alat )an( +i(#na"an 5. Se+ia" Se+ia"an an alat alat e&#&i e&#&ita& ta&ii +an -entila& -entila&ii !an#al +i&a!$in( te!$at ti+# "lien

8en)e+ia"an -entila&i a+e"#at %ila a+a !a&ala* $a+a alat )an( !en#nt#t "lien &e!entaa +ile$a& +ai -entilato

7. ?a,i $en((# $en((#naan naan -entilato -entilato &e6aa &e6aa #tin +an +an )a"in a"in"a "an n %a* %a*aa !o+e !o+e )an( )an( +i%ei"an &e&#ai

8en(ontol  !en)#&#n alat &e*#%#n(a &e*#%#n(an n +en(an +en(an $en)a"it $en)a"it #ta!a "lien

. ?a,i TV /N /N 10  1= !l"(3 !l"(33 3

8en(aa&i ,#!la* #+aa in&$ia&i +an e"&$ia&i. Pe#%a*an +a$at !en#n,#"an (a n( n( (# (# an an " o! o! $l $l ai ai n $ a a # a ta ta# "e%o6oan !elal#i !e&in

. 8onito 8onito a&io In&$i In&$ia&i a&i +an E"&$ia E"&$ia&i &i

Ri&i"o Ri&i"o $e#%a $e#%a*an *an !e!%a !e!%ane ne !#"o !#"o&a &a oal oal %.+. %.+. ta" ta" e'e" e'e"ti ti' ' %e&i*an oal Data :

T#,#an : Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaatan 924 ,a! !a&ala* $e#%a*an !e!%ane !#"o&a oal ti+a" !en,a+i a6t#al

Fa&e Fa&e e"&$i e"&$ia&i a&i no!al no!aln)a n)a +#a "ali "ali $an,an(n)a 'a&e in&$ia&i 1. 8onito 8onito &e6aa &e6aa #tin #tin on((a on((a !#l#t !#l#t (i(i (i(i I+enti'i" I+enti'i"a&i a&i +ini !a&ala* !a&ala* !e!%ei"an !e!%ei"an (#&i (#&i te* te*a+ a+a$ a$ a+an a+an)a )a l#"a l#"a le&i le&i "e&e "e&e!$ !$at atan an #nt# #nt#" " inte inte-en en&i &i  $e+aa*an $en6e(a*an +en(an te$at 2.

La"#"a La"#"an n oal *)(ie *)(iene ne &e6aa &e6aa #tin #tin +an +an

8e n6 n6e (a (a*

$ en en (e (e i i n( n( an an



l #" #"a



KRITERIA KRITERIA


4 . P e e i" i" &a &a & el el an an ( t e e *a *a+ a$ a$ a+ an an )a )a "e!#n("inan o%&t#"&i 6onto* teli$at ata# a"#!#la&i ai. Ali"an &elan( &e&#ai in+i"a&i

RASIONAL

Li$at Li$atan an ata# ata# o%&t# o%&t#"&i "&i $a+a $a+a &elan( &elan( +a$at +a$at !en6e(a* !en6e(a* $en(ii!a $en(ii!an n -ol#!e -ol#!e )an( )an( a+e" a+e"#a #att +an +an !eni !enin( n("a "at" t"an an te"ana te"anan n ,alan ,alan na'a&. na'a&. A"#!# A"#!#la& la&ii ai !en6e(a* !en6e(a* +i&ti%#&i +i&ti%#&i (a& +an $en6et#& $en6et#& $et#!%#*an %a"tei

=. Pei"& Pei"&aa '#n(&i '#n(&i ala! -entilat -entilato o.. an(an an(an 8enin("at" 8enin("at"an an "ea&$a+aa "ea&$a+aan n te*a+a$ te*a+a$ !ati"an ala! $e#%a*an "on+i&i "lien +an "e$atenan alat )an( +i(#na"an 5. Se+ia" Se+ia"an an alat alat e&#&i e&#&ita& ta&ii +an -entila& -entila&ii !an#al +i&a!$in( te!$at ti+# "lien

8en)e+ia"an -entila&i a+e"#at %ila a+a !a&ala* $a+a alat )an( !en#nt#t "lien &e!entaa +ile$a& +ai -entilato

7. ?a,i $en((# $en((#naan naan -entilato -entilato &e6aa &e6aa #tin +an +an )a"in a"in"a "an n %a* %a*aa !o+e !o+e )an( )an( +i%ei"an &e&#ai

8en(ontol  !en)#&#n alat &e*#%#n(a &e*#%#n(an n +en(an +en(an $en)a"it $en)a"it #ta!a "lien

. ?a,i TV /N /N 10  1= !l"(3 !l"(33 3

8en(aa&i ,#!la* #+aa in&$ia&i +an e"&$ia&i. Pe#%a*an +a$at !en#n,#"an (a n( n( (# (# an an " o! o! $l $l ai ai n $ a a # a ta ta# "e%o6oan !elal#i !e&in

. 8onito 8onito a&io In&$i In&$ia&i a&i +an E"&$ia E"&$ia&i &i

Ri&i"o Ri&i"o $e#%a $e#%a*an *an !e!%a !e!%ane ne !#"o !#"o&a &a oal oal %.+. %.+. ta" ta" e'e" e'e"ti ti' ' %e&i*an oal Data :

DIAGNOSA KEPERAATAN    

Te$ a& a&a n( n( & el el an an ( int#%a&i ?eti+a"!a!$#an !enelan 6aian oal Pen##nan &ali-a +i+aea* !#6o&al 3e& 3e&i* i*an an oal oal ti+a ti+a" " e'e"ti'

?e#&a"an "o!#ni"a&i -e%al %+ $aali&i& ne#o!#&"#le te$a&an( &elan( en+ota"eo&to!ita"eo&to!i

T#,#an : Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaatan 924 ,a! !a&ala* $e#%a*an !e!%ane !#"o&a oal ti+a" !en,a+i a6t#al


KRITERIA KRITERIA

Fa&e Fa&e e"&$i e"&$ia&i a&i no!al no!aln)a n)a +#a "ali "ali $an,an(n)a 'a&e in&$ia&i 1. 8onito 8onito &e6aa &e6aa #tin #tin on((a on((a !#l#t !#l#t (i(i (i(i I+enti'i" I+enti'i"a&i a&i +ini !a&ala* !a&ala* !e!%ei"an !e!%ei"an (#&i (#&i te* te*a+ a+a$ a$ a+an a+an)a )a l#"a l#"a le&i le&i "e&e "e&e!$ !$at atan an #nt# #nt#" " inte inte-en en&i &i  $e+aa*an $en6e(a*an +en(an te$at 2.


 

Te$a&an( En+ota"ealta"*eo&to !i ?ele!a*an$aali&i& ne#o!#&"#la ?eti+a"!a!$#an %i6aa

An&iet An&ieta& a& %+ an6a!a an6a!an n "on&e$ "on&e$ +ii +ii "ete "ete( (an ant# t#n( n(an an $a+a $a+a +#"#n(an +#"#n(an -entilato -entilato $e#%a*an $e#%a*an '#n(&i '#n(&i $ean $ean $en(a $en(a#* #* %##" %##" inte$e&onal Data:

8e n6 n6e (a (a*

$ en en (e (e i i n( n( an an



l #" #"a

RASIONAL

&e&#ai "e%#t#*an

!e!%ane !e!%ane !#"o&a !#"o&a +an !en##n"an !en##n"an ! e+ e+ ia ia $ e et #! #! %# %#* an an % a" a"t e e i.i. 8enin("at"an "en)a!anan

9.

U%a* U%a* $o&i $o&i&i &i &ela &elan( n( en+o en+ot ta" a"ea eall &e6a &e6aa a teat# &e&#ai ,a+al

8en## 8en##n"a n"an n i&i"o i&i"o l#"a l#"a %i%i %i%i +an !e!%ane !#"o&a !#l#t

4.

%ei"a %ei"an n !in)a !in)a" " %i%i %i%i  !#l#t !#l#t

1.

3#at 3#at 6aa 6aa6 6a aaa "o!# "o!#ni ni"a "a&i &i 6ont 6onto* o* !ena !enan) n)a" a"an an $et $etan an)a )aan an tet tet#t #t#$ #$ !en((#na"an t#li&an ata# (a!%a +ll

8e!$ 8e!$e eta ta*a *an" n"an an "ele "ele!% !%a% a%an an !en6 !en6e( e(a* a* "e"e "e"ei in( n(an an !e!% !e!%a ane ne !#"o&a 8e!%ant# $a&ien #nt#" %e"o!#ni"a&i &e*in((a "e%#t#*an $a&ien te$en#*i

2.

8e n( n(a ,a ,a i i $e n( n(( #n #na an an % el el # nt nt #" #" Pa&ien +en(an -entilato !e!%#t#*"an !e!an((il !e!an((il $eaat $eaat +ala! ,an("a#an ,an("a#an $e*atian ata# o%&e-a&i le%i* &e*in((a $a&ien $entin( %a(i tena(a "e&e*atan #nt#" !en(et !en(eta*# a*#ii a$a%il a$a%ilaa te+a$ te+a$at at tan+a tan+a %a*a)a ata# "e$el#an $a&ien

9.

E-al E-al#a #a&i &i "e%# "e%#t# t#*a *an n #nt# #nt#" ""e "ete te$a $ata tan n %i6aa &elan( ta"eo&to!i

T#,#an: Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaata "e$eaatan n 924 ,a! $a&ien $a&ien !a!$# !en(ontol an&ieta&

1.

Doon( Doon( $a&ien $a&ien #nt#" #nt#" !en(e"& !en(e"&$e $e&i" &i"an an $ea&aan ta"#t )an( +ia&a"an

?iteia E-al#a&i: 8en)ata"an 8en)ata"an "e&a+aan "e&a+aan 

2.

I+enti'i" I+enti'i"a&i a&i "e"#a "e"#atan tan "o$in( "o$in( &e%el#! &e%el#!n)a n)a +ai $a&ien ata# oan( te+e"at +an aea

?iteia E-al#a&i : Sali-a +i +aea*  !#"o&a !enin("at 8#"o&a le!%a%   Aea !e!%an !#"o&a oal %e&i*

T#,#an: Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii " e$ e$e a a at at an an 9 2 2 4 , a! a!  "e%#t#*an "e%#t#*an "o!#ni"a&i "o!#ni"a&i $a&ien $a&ien +a$at te$en#*i

Data: 

La"#"a La"#"an n oal *)(ie *)(iene ne &e6aa &e6aa #tin #tin +an +an

?iteia Ha&il: ?e %# %#t #* #* an an $a &i &i en en  te$en#*i Pa&i Pa&ien en te! te!ot otii-a& a&ii  #nt#" !elati* "e!a!$#an %i6aa

Pa&ien Pa&ien +en(an +en(an "o(niti'" "o(niti'"etea etea!$ila !$ilan n otot a+e"#at a+e"#at !e!$#n)ai !e!$#n)ai "e!a!$#an "e!a!$#an #nt#" #nt#" !e!an !e!ani$# i$#la& la&ii %i6aa %i6aa &elan( &elan( ta"eo&to!i 8e!%ei"a 8e!%ei"an n $a&ien $a&ien #nt#" !enei!a !enei!a !a&ala* !e!$e,ela& "en)ataan ta"#t +an !en##n"an !en##n"an an&ieta& an&ieta& &a!$ai &a!$ai "e tin("at )an( +a$at +itei!a 8e !' !'o "# "# &" &"a n $ e e* at at ia ian $ a+ a+ a "e!a!$#an &en+ii !enin("at"an a&a

DIAGNOSA KEPERAATAN    

Te$ a& a&a n( n( & el el an an ( int#%a&i ?eti+a"!a!$#an !enelan 6aian oal Pen##nan &ali-a +i+aea* !#6o&al 3e& 3e&i* i*an an oal oal ti+a ti+a" " e'e"ti'

?e#&a"an "o!#ni"a&i -e%al %+ $aali&i& ne#o!#&"#le te$a&an( &elan( en+ota"eo&to!ita"eo&to!i


KRITERIA KRITERIA


&e&#ai "e%#t#*an

!e!%ane !e!%ane !#"o&a !#"o&a +an !en##n"an !en##n"an ! e+ e+ ia ia $ e et #! #! %# %#* an an % a" a"t e e i.i. 8enin("at"an "en)a!anan

9.

U%a* U%a* $o&i $o&i&i &i &ela &elan( n( en+o en+ot ta" a"ea eall &e6a &e6aa a teat# &e&#ai ,a+al

8en## 8en##n"a n"an n i&i"o i&i"o l#"a l#"a %i%i %i%i +an !e!%ane !#"o&a !#l#t

4.

%ei"a %ei"an n !in)a !in)a" " %i%i %i%i  !#l#t !#l#t

1.

3#at 3#at 6aa 6aa6 6a aaa "o!# "o!#ni ni"a "a&i &i 6ont 6onto* o* !ena !enan) n)a" a"an an $et $etan an)a )aan an tet tet#t #t#$ #$ !en((#na"an t#li&an ata# (a!%a +ll

8e!$ 8e!$e eta ta*a *an" n"an an "ele "ele!% !%a% a%an an !en6 !en6e( e(a* a* "e"e "e"ei in( n(an an !e!% !e!%a ane ne !#"o&a 8e!%ant# $a&ien #nt#" %e"o!#ni"a&i &e*in((a "e%#t#*an $a&ien te$en#*i

2.

8e n( n(a ,a ,a i i $e n( n(( #n #na an an % el el # nt nt #" #" Pa&ien +en(an -entilato !e!%#t#*"an !e!an((il !e!an((il $eaat $eaat +ala! ,an("a#an ,an("a#an $e*atian ata# o%&e-a&i le%i* &e*in((a $a&ien $entin( %a(i tena(a "e&e*atan #nt#" !en(et !en(eta*# a*#ii a$a%il a$a%ilaa te+a$ te+a$at at tan+a tan+a %a*a)a ata# "e$el#an $a&ien

9.

E-al E-al#a #a&i &i "e%# "e%#t# t#*a *an n #nt# #nt#" ""e "ete te$a $ata tan n %i6aa &elan( ta"eo&to!i

T#,#an: Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaata "e$eaatan n 924 ,a! $a&ien $a&ien !a!$# !en(ontol an&ieta&

1.

Doon( Doon( $a&ien $a&ien #nt#" #nt#" !en(e"& !en(e"&$e $e&i" &i"an an $ea&aan ta"#t )an( +ia&a"an

?iteia E-al#a&i: 8en)ata"an 8en)ata"an "e&a+aan "e&a+aan 

2.

I+enti'i" I+enti'i"a&i a&i "e"#a "e"#atan tan "o$in( "o$in( &e%el#! &e%el#!n)a n)a +ai $a&ien ata# oan( te+e"at +an aea

?iteia E-al#a&i : Sali-a +i +aea*  !#"o&a !enin("at 8#"o&a le!%a%   Aea !e!%an !#"o&a oal %e&i*

T#,#an: Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii " e$ e$e a a at at an an 9 2 2 4 , a! a!  "e%#t#*an "e%#t#*an "o!#ni"a&i "o!#ni"a&i $a&ien $a&ien +a$at te$en#*i

Data: 

 

Te$a&an( En+ota"ealta"*eo&to !i ?ele!a*an$aali&i& ne#o!#&"#la ?eti+a"!a!$#an %i6aa

An&iet An&ieta& a& %+ an6a!a an6a!an n "on&e$ "on&e$ +ii +ii "ete "ete( (an ant# t#n( n(an an $a+a $a+a +#"#n(an +#"#n(an -entilato -entilato $e#%a*an $e#%a*an '#n(&i '#n(&i $ean $ean $en(a $en(a#* #* %##" %##" inte$e&onal Data:

DIAGNOSA KEPERAATAN       

Penin("atan ototte(an(an a,a* In&o!nia ;eli&a* Telal# a&$a+a Pea&aan "eta"#tan Fo"#& $a+a +ii 8en)a 8en)ata" ta"an an !a&ala !a&ala* * tent tentan an( ( $e# $e#%a %a*a *an n "e,a+ian *i+#$

Re&i"o Re&i"o in'e"&i in'e"&i %+ ti+a" a+e"#at a+e"#at $eta*anan #ta!a ti+a" a+e"#at $eta*anan &e"#n+e $en)a"it "on "oni& i& !aln !aln#t #ti i&i &i $o& $o&e+ e+# # in-a&i' /int#%a&i Data:   

Te$a& Te$a&an( an( alat in-a&i' in-a&i' /int#%a&i Te+a$ +a$at at $o+ $o+#" #"&i &i &$#t#! A +a +a n) n)a l# "a "a $a +a +a $o&e+# ta"*eo&to!i

?iteia Ha&il: ?e %# %#t #* #* an an $a &i &i en en  te$en#*i Pa&i Pa&ien en te! te!ot otii-a& a&ii  #nt#" !elati* "e!a!$#an %i6aa




 

KRITERIA KRITERIA

+an 6aa 6aa &e*at &e*at #nt#" #nt#" !enei!an)a 8en#n,#""an "etea!$ilan $e!e6a*an !a&ala* #nt#" !en(ata&i &it#a&i )an( a+a 8ela$o 8ela$o"a "an n an&iet an&ieta& a& !en##n Ta!$a" ile"& +an ti+# &e&#ai


+i&'#n(&i

e&$on&

8e !' !'o "# "# &" &"a n $ e e* at at ia ian $ a+ a+ a "e!a!$#an &en+ii !enin("at"an a&a

RASIONAL

"ontol

9.

8en(a, 8en(a,a" a"an an te"ni te"ni" " ela"& ela"&a&i a&i

8e!%ei"a 8e!%ei"an n !ana,e!en !ana,e!en a"ti' &it#a&i &it#a&i #nt# #nt#" " !en# !en## #n" n"an an $ea $ea&a &aan an ta" ta" %e+a)a

4.

8e#,# 8e#,#" " "e "elo!$o "elo!$o" " $en+#"# $en+#"#n( n( &e&#ai &e&#ai "e%#t#*an

T#,#an: Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$ea "e$eaat atan an 924 924 ,a $a&ien $a&ien ti+a" !en(ala!i in'e"&i ?iteia e-al#a&i Tan+atan+a Tan+atan+a -ital +ala!  entan( no!al S#*# no!al /95=97=  C Ti+a" a+a ta"i$nea +an  ta"i"a+i Ti+a" te,a+i  $enin("atan &$#t#!

T#,#an:

Pa&ien Pa&ien +en(an +en(an "o(niti'" "o(niti'"etea etea!$ila !$ilan n otot a+e"#at a+e"#at !e!$#n)ai !e!$#n)ai "e!a!$#an "e!a!$#an #nt#" #nt#" !e!an !e!ani$# i$#la& la&ii %i6aa %i6aa &elan( &elan( ta"eo&to!i 8e!%ei"a 8e!%ei"an n $a&ien $a&ien #nt#" !enei!a !enei!a !a&ala* !e!$e,ela& "en)ataan ta"#t +an !en##n"an !en##n"an an&ieta& an&ieta& &a!$ai &a!$ai "e tin("at )an( +a$at +itei!a

"ontol

1.

8#n("i 8#n("in n $el# $el# #nt#" #nt#" !e!%e !e!%ei"a i"an n %ant#an ta!%a*an %ila $a&ien ata# oan( te+e"at ti+a" !enan(ani an&ieta& ata# %ila $a&ien K+i"enal !en((#na"an !e&in

1.

8e!$e 8e!$eta* ta*an" an"an an te"ni" te"ni" a&e$ti a&e$ti" " &aat !ela"#"an tin+a"an "e$a+a $a&ien

8en6e(a* in'e"&i

2.

8e!oti 8e!oti-a& -a&ii na$a& na$a& +ala! +ala! %at#" %at#" +an +an !en(#%a* $o&i&i

8e!a"& 8e!a"&i!a i!al"a l"an n e"&$an e"&$an&i &i $a# $a# +an !e!o%ili&a&i &e"et #nt#" !en6e(a*!en##n"an atele"ta&i& +an a"#!#la&i &e"et "ental

9.

3ata 3ata&i &i $en( $en(#n #n,# ,#n( n(

In+i-i+# tela* +i$en(a#*i +an %ea+a $a+a i&i"o tin((i !en(ala!i in'e"&i in'e"&i

4.

Pet Peta* a*an an"a "an n *i+ *i+a& a&ii +an +an n#t n#ti& i&i. i. Doon( Doon( 6aian 6aian 2=00 !l*ai +ala! tolean&i ,ant#n(

8e!%ant# !e!$e%ai"i ta*anan #!#! #nt#" $en)a"it +an !en##n"an i&i"o in'e"&i +ai &tat&i& &e"et

=.

Ri&i"o

RASIONAL

?ola%o ?ola%oa& a&ii $e!%e $e!%eian ian anti!i" anti!i"o% o%ial ial &e&#ai in+i"a&i ?a,i 'a"to 'i&i" +ala! $en)a$i*an /TTV

8e!%ant# !en(ata&i in'e"&i 8en(eta*#i $e"e!%an(an +an e&$on

DIAGNOSA KEPERAATAN       

Penin("atan ototte(an(an a,a* In&o!nia ;eli&a* Telal# a&$a+a Pea&aan "eta"#tan Fo"#& $a+a +ii 8en)a 8en)ata" ta"an an !a&ala !a&ala* * tent tentan an( ( $e# $e#%a %a*a *an n "e,a+ian *i+#$

Re&i"o Re&i"o in'e"&i in'e"&i %+ ti+a" a+e"#at a+e"#at $eta*anan #ta!a ti+a" a+e"#at $eta*anan &e"#n+e $en)a"it "on "oni& i& !aln !aln#t #ti i&i &i $o& $o&e+ e+# # in-a&i' /int#%a&i Data:   

Te$a& Te$a&an( an( alat in-a&i' in-a&i' /int#%a&i Te+a$ +a$at at $o+ $o+#" #"&i &i &$#t#! A +a +a n) n)a l# "a "a $a +a +a $o&e+# ta"*eo&to!i




 

KRITERIA KRITERIA

+an 6aa 6aa &e*at &e*at #nt#" #nt#" !enei!an)a 8en#n,#""an "etea!$ilan $e!e6a*an !a&ala* #nt#" !en(ata&i &it#a&i )an( a+a 8ela$o 8ela$o"a "an n an&iet an&ieta& a& !en##n Ta!$a" ile"& +an ti+# &e&#ai


RASIONAL

"ontol

"ontol

9.

8en(a, 8en(a,a" a"an an te"ni te"ni" " ela"& ela"&a&i a&i

8e!%ei"a 8e!%ei"an n !ana,e!en !ana,e!en a"ti' &it#a&i &it#a&i #nt# #nt#" " !en# !en## #n" n"an an $ea $ea&a &aan an ta" ta" %e+a)a

4.

8e#,# 8e#,#" " "e "elo!$o "elo!$o" " $en+#"# $en+#"#n( n( &e&#ai &e&#ai "e%#t#*an

T#,#an: Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$ea "e$eaat atan an 924 924 ,a $a&ien $a&ien ti+a" !en(ala!i in'e"&i ?iteia e-al#a&i Tan+atan+a Tan+atan+a -ital +ala!  entan( no!al S#*# no!al /95=97=  C Ti+a" a+a ta"i$nea +an  ta"i"a+i Ti+a" te,a+i  $enin("atan &$#t#!

1.

8e!$e 8e!$eta* ta*an" an"an an te"ni" te"ni" a&e$ti a&e$ti" " &aat !ela"#"an tin+a"an "e$a+a $a&ien

8en6e(a* in'e"&i

2.

8e!oti 8e!oti-a& -a&ii na$a& na$a& +ala! +ala! %at#" %at#" +an +an !en(#%a* $o&i&i

8e!a"& 8e!a"&i!a i!al"a l"an n e"&$an e"&$an&i &i $a# $a# +an !e!o%ili&a&i &e"et #nt#" !en6e(a*!en##n"an atele"ta&i& +an a"#!#la&i &e"et "ental

9.

3ata 3ata&i &i $en( $en(#n #n,# ,#n( n(

In+i-i+# tela* +i$en(a#*i +an %ea+a $a+a i&i"o tin((i !en(ala!i in'e"&i in'e"&i

4.

Pet Peta* a*an an"a "an n *i+ *i+a& a&ii +an +an n#t n#ti& i&i. i. Doon( Doon( 6aian 6aian 2=00 !l*ai +ala! tolean&i ,ant#n(

8e!%ant# !e!$e%ai"i ta*anan #!#! #nt#" $en)a"it +an !en##n"an i&i"o in'e"&i +ai &tat&i& &e"et

=.

Ri&i"o

+i&'#n(&i

e&$on&


$en)a$i*an -entilato %+ "ete%ata&an"e"#an(an 6 a+ a+ an an (a (a n en e e (i (i  n )e )e i i  $en##nan !oti-a&i ia)at $en)a$i*an la!a Data: 

  

8en(ata"an "e"* "e"*a aat ati ian an a"an a"an $en)a$i*an ?eti+a"ta* ?eti+a"ta*#an #an en6ana en6ana &etela* $en)a$i*an Ria)a Ria)att $e!a&a $e!a&an(a n(an n -entilato )an( la!a Na'&# !a"an !en##n

T#,#an:


1.

KRITERIA KRITERIA

?ola%o ?ola%oa& a&ii $e!%e $e!%eian ian anti!i" anti!i"o% o%ial ial &e&#ai in+i"a&i ?a,i 'a"to 'i&i" +ala! $en)a$i*an /TTV


Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaata "e$eaatan n 924 ,a! $a&ien $a&ien !en#n,#""an e&$on 2. $en)a$i*an )an( a+e"#at ?iteia e-al#a&i:  Se6aa a"ti' %e$ati&i$a&i +ala! 9. $o&e& $en)a$i*an 8e!%#a 8e!%#att $ena$ $ena$a&a a&an n  !an+i !an+iii +en(an +en(an A;D A;D +ala! entan( no!al no!al +an %e%a& tan+a (a(al (a(al na$a& 4. 8en#n,#""an  $enin("atan tolean&i #nt#" a"ti-ita&%e$ati&i$a&i +ala! +ala! $eaa $eaatan tan +ii +ii =. &e&#ai "e!a!$#an

8#n("i 8#n("in n $el# $el# #nt#" #nt#" !e!%e !e!%ei"a i"an n %ant#an ta!%a*an %ila $a&ien ata# oan( te+e"at ti+a" !enan(ani an&ieta& ata# %ila $a&ien K+i"enal !en((#na"an !e&in

8e!%ant# !en(ata&i in'e"&i 8en(eta*#i $e"e!%an(an +an e&$on

RASIONAL

n#ti&i "e"#atan otot

+ai $en)a$i*an

8enent 8enent#"a #"an n "e&ia$a "e&ia$an n $&i"olo $&i"olo(i& (i&

Pen)a Pen)a$i* $i*an an !eni!% !eni!%#l" #l"an an an&iet an&ieta& a& &e*#%#n(an +en(an "e!a!$#an #nt#" %ena$a& &en+ii +an "e%#t#*an -entilato ,an("a $an,an(

8en,ela&"an 8en+i& 8en+i&"#& "#&i"a i"an n in+i-i+#al

8e !% !%a nt nt # $ a& a&i en en # nt nt #" #" &i a$ a$ !en( !en(*a *a+a +a$i $i $o& $o&e& e& $en) $en)a$ a$i* i*an an !e!% !e!%an ant# t# !en( !en(at ata& a&ii ta"# ta"#tt +an +an "eti "eti+a +a"t "ta* a*#a #an n !eni !enin( n("a "at" t"an an "e, "e,a& a&a! a!aa +an +an $en6 $en6a$ a$ai aian an )an( )an( +i*aa$"an

te"ni" en6an en6anaa

$en )a )a$i*an. +an *aa$a *aa$an n

3ei 3ei"a "an n $ei $eio+ o+ee ti+# ti+# i& i&ti tia a*a *att +i(a +i(an( n((# (#.. Hin+ Hin+a aii $o& $o&e+ e+# # &te&&it#a&i ta" $entin(

tan$ tan$aa 8e!a"&i!a 8e!a"&i!al"an l"an ene(i ene(i #nt#" $o&e& $o&e& $en# $en#* * $en)a$i*an !e!%ata&i "elela*an +an "on&#!&i o"&i(en

3ei"a 3ei"an n +oon(a +oon(an n #nt#" #nt#" #$a)a #$a)a $a&ien $a&ien

U!$a U!$an n %ali %ali" " $o&i $o&iti ti'' !e!% !e!%e ei" i"an an "e)a "e)a"i "ina nan n +an +an +#"# +#"#n( n(an an #nt# #nt#" " !elan,#t"an $o&e& $en)a$i*an

5.

Aa&i Aa&i e&$o e&$on n te*a+a te*a+a$ $ a"ti-ita a"ti-ita&&

?e%# ?e%#t# t#*a *an n o"&i o"&i(e (en n %el %ele% e%i* i*an an !eni !enin( n("a "at" t"an an "e!# "e!#n! n!(" ("in inan an "e(a(alan

7.

?ola%oa&i +en(an a*li $en+#"#n( n#ti&i #nt#" "o!$o&i&i +iet

Pen## Pen##nan nan "a%o* "a%o*i+ i+at at ata# ata# le!a" le!a" !e!%#t#*"a !e!%#t#*"an n $en6e(a*a $en6e(a*an n $o+#"&i $o+#"&i C O2 O2 % e e le le %i %i *a *an +i +i !a !a na na + a$ a$ at at !en((an((# "e!#+i $ena$a&an

.

Aa&i Aa&i $e!ei $e!ei"&a "&aan an la%oat la%oatoi oi#! #!

(iGi ti! !e!a&ti"an

8e)a"i 8e)a"in"a n"an n

n#ti& n#ti&ii

a+e"#a a+e"#att

#nt#" #nt#"


$en)a$i*an -entilato %+ "ete%ata&an"e"#an(an 6 a+ a+ an an (a (a n en e e (i (i  n )e )e i i  $en##nan !oti-a&i ia)at $en)a$i*an la!a Data: 

  

8en(ata"an "e"* "e"*a aat ati ian an a"an a"an $en)a$i*an ?eti+a"ta* ?eti+a"ta*#an #an en6ana en6ana &etela* $en)a$i*an Ria)a Ria)att $e!a&a $e!a&an(a n(an n -entilato )an( la!a Na'&# !a"an !en##n


KRITERIA KRITERIA


Setela Setela* * +i%ei +i%ei"an "an inteinte-en& en&ii "e$eaata "e$eaatan n 924 ,a! $a&ien $a&ien !en#n,#""an e&$on 2. $en)a$i*an )an( a+e"#at ?iteia e-al#a&i:  Se6aa a"ti' %e$ati&i$a&i +ala! 9. $o&e& $en)a$i*an 8e!%#a 8e!%#att $ena$ $ena$a&a a&an n  !an+i !an+iii +en(an +en(an A;D A;D +ala! entan( no!al no!al +an %e%a& tan+a (a(al (a(al na$a& 4. 8en#n,#""an  $enin("atan tolean&i #nt#" a"ti-ita&%e$ati&i$a&i +ala! +ala! $eaa $eaatan tan +ii +ii =.

RASIONAL

n#ti&i "e"#atan otot

+ai $en)a$i*an

8enent 8enent#"a #"an n "e&ia$a "e&ia$an n $&i"olo $&i"olo(i& (i&

Pen)a Pen)a$i* $i*an an !eni!% !eni!%#l" #l"an an an&iet an&ieta& a& &e*#%#n(an +en(an "e!a!$#an #nt#" %ena$a& &en+ii +an "e%#t#*an -entilato ,an("a $an,an(

8en,ela&"an 8en+i& 8en+i&"#& "#&i"a i"an n in+i-i+#al

8e !% !%a nt nt # $ a& a&i en en # nt nt #" #" &i a$ a$ !en( !en(*a *a+a +a$i $i $o& $o&e& e& $en) $en)a$ a$i* i*an an !e!% !e!%an ant# t# !en( !en(at ata& a&ii ta"# ta"#tt +an +an "eti "eti+a +a"t "ta* a*#a #an n !eni !enin( n("a "at" t"an an "e, "e,a& a&a! a!aa +an +an $en6 $en6a$ a$ai aian an )an( )an( +i*aa$"an

te"ni" en6an en6anaa

$en )a )a$i*an. +an *aa$a *aa$an n

3ei 3ei"a "an n $ei $eio+ o+ee ti+# ti+# i& i&ti tia a*a *att +i(a +i(an( n((# (#.. Hin+ Hin+a aii $o& $o&e+ e+# # &te&&it#a&i ta" $entin(

tan$ tan$aa 8e!a"&i!a 8e!a"&i!al"an l"an ene(i ene(i #nt#" $o&e& $o&e& $en# $en#* * $en)a$i*an !e!%ata&i "elela*an +an "on&#!&i o"&i(en

3ei"a 3ei"an n +oon(a +oon(an n #nt#" #nt#" #$a)a #$a)a $a&ien $a&ien

U!$a U!$an n %ali %ali" " $o&i $o&iti ti'' !e!% !e!%e ei" i"an an "e)a "e)a"i "ina nan n +an +an +#"# +#"#n( n(an an #nt# #nt#" " !elan,#t"an $o&e& $en)a$i*an

5.

Aa&i Aa&i e&$o e&$on n te*a+a te*a+a$ $ a"ti-ita a"ti-ita&&

?e%# ?e%#t# t#*a *an n o"&i o"&i(e (en n %el %ele% e%i* i*an an !eni !enin( n("a "at" t"an an "e!# "e!#n! n!(" ("in inan an "e(a(alan

7.

?ola%oa&i +en(an a*li $en+#"#n( n#ti&i #nt#" "o!$o&i&i +iet

Pen## Pen##nan nan "a%o* "a%o*i+ i+at at ata# ata# le!a" le!a" !e!%#t#*"a !e!%#t#*"an n $en6e(a*a $en6e(a*an n $o+#"&i $o+#"&i C O2 O2 % e e le le %i %i *a *an +i +i !a !a na na + a$ a$ at at !en((an((# "e!#+i $ena$a&an

.

Aa&i Aa&i $e!ei $e!ei"&a "&aan an la%oat la%oatoi oi#! #!

&e&#ai "e!a!$#an



KRITERIA KRITERIA

(iGi ti! !e!a&ti"an


.

?a,i ?a,i 'oto 'oto t*oa t*oa +an A;D A;D

8e)a"i 8e)a"in"a n"an n

n#ti& n#ti&ii

a+e"#a a+e"#att

#nt#" #nt#"

!e!en# !e!en#*i *i "e%#t# "e%#t#*an *an ene( ene(ii $en)a$i*an

#nt#" #nt#"

RASIONAL

8en(eta*#i "on+i&i $a&ien



KRITERIA KRITERIA


RASIONAL

!e!en# !e!en#*i *i "e%#t# "e%#t#*an *an ene( ene(ii $en)a$i*an .

?a,i ?a,i 'oto 'oto t*oa t*oa +an A;D A;D

8en(eta*#i "on+i&i $a&ien

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

;allo ;al lo +an H#+a" /17 /17.. $epera!atan $ritis% ed.& ol.' a"ata: E;C. 3#"# a&li Cr Crit itica icall Ca Care re u ursi rsin n** A +o +oli listi sticc Ap Appr proa oach ch.. P*i P*ila+ la+el$ el$*ia: *ia: Li$$in6ott. Le8one Le8 one P an+ 3#"e 3#"e ?8. /15. /15. Medical,surical nursin * critical thinkin in

client care. Cana+a: C#!!in(& P#%li&*in( Co!$an) In6.

Na&#tion AH. /2002. Intu-asi% E"tu-asi dan Mekanik entilasi.Makalah pada

orkshop Asuhan $epara!atan $ritis/ A&ea A&ean n Con Con'ee 'een6e n6e on

8e+i6al S6ien6e&. 8e+an 2021 A(#&t#& 2002. Nettina S8. /15. 0h 0hee #i #ipp ppin inco cott tt ma manu nual al o1 nu nursi rsin n pr prac acti tice ce.. /5t /5t* * e+ e+.. P*ila+el$*ia:

Li$$in6ottRa-en P#%li&*e&.

S!el S! eltG tGe e SC SC 3a 3ae e 3; 3;.. /1 /1 5 5.. 2runner 3 Suddart Suddartss te"t-ook o1 medical, surical nursin. (5th ed). P*ila+el$*ia: Li$$in6ottRa-en P#%li&*e&. Bi,oa Bi ,oat!o t!o+,o +,o ?. /20 /2000 00.. Anestesioloi dan 6eanimasi 6eanimasi:: 8o 8o+# +#ll +a +a&a &a #n #nt# t#" " Pen+i+i"an S1 ?e+o"tean. a"ata: DI?TI.

#nt#" #nt#"

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

;allo ;al lo +an H#+a" /17 /17.. $epera!atan $ritis% ed.& ol.' a"ata: E;C. 3#"# a&li Cr Crit itica icall Ca Care re u ursi rsin n** A +o +oli listi sticc Ap Appr proa oach ch.. P*i P*ila+ la+el$ el$*ia: *ia: Li$$in6ott. Le8one Le8 one P an+ 3#"e 3#"e ?8. /15. /15. Medical,surical nursin * critical thinkin in

client care. Cana+a: C#!!in(& P#%li&*in( Co!$an) In6.

Na&#tion AH. /2002. Intu-asi% E"tu-asi dan Mekanik entilasi.Makalah pada

orkshop Asuhan $epara!atan $ritis/ A&ea A&ean n Con Con'ee 'een6e n6e on

8e+i6al S6ien6e&. 8e+an 2021 A(#&t#& 2002. Nettina S8. /15. 0h 0hee #i #ipp ppin inco cott tt ma manu nual al o1 nu nursi rsin n pr prac acti tice ce.. /5t /5t* * e+ e+.. P*ila+el$*ia:

Li$$in6ottRa-en P#%li&*e&.

S!el S! eltG tGe e SC SC 3a 3ae e 3; 3;.. /1 /1 5 5.. 2runner 3 Suddart Suddartss te"t-ook o1 medical, surical nursin. (5th ed). P*ila+el$*ia: Li$$in6ottRa-en P#%li&*e&. Bi,oa Bi ,oat!o t!o+,o +,o ?. /20 /2000 00.. Anestesioloi dan 6eanimasi 6eanimasi:: 8o 8o+# +#ll +a +a&a &a #n #nt# t#" " Pen+i+i"an S1 ?e+o"tean. a"ata: DI?TI. 3#nne 3#nne  S#++at*. S#++at*. /2002. 2runner /2002. 2runner 3 Suddarths Suddarths te"t-ook o1 medical surical nursin% 5th ed. /A(#n( ed. /A(#n( Bal#)o Bal#)o et. al. Pene,e!a*. P*ila+el$*ia: Li$$in6ott Doen(o Doen(oe& e& 8.E. 8.E. 8oo*o 8oo*o#&e #&e 8.F. 8.F. an+ ;ei&&le ;ei&&le  A.C. /2000 /2000.. ursin care plans* uidelines 1or plannin and documentatin patientcare. patientcare. /I 8a+e ?. +an Ni 8a+e S. Pene,e!a*. P*ila+el$*ia: F.A. F.A. Da-i& Co!$an). H#+a" H#+a" ;allo. /1=. $epera!atan kritis pendekatan holistik% ed. ke,& . a"ata E;C Pie Pie6e 6e L)nell nellee N.3. N.3. /1 /1= =.. 7uide 7uide to mechani mechanical cal entil entilatio ation n and intens intensie ie respiratory care% ' st edition. edition. P*ila+el$*ia: B3. Sa#n+e& Co!$an) Tan,#n Tan,#n( ( D#+#t. D#+#t. /2009. /2009. Asuhan kepera!atan klien denan entilator mekanik . St)le &*eet: *tt$:.e$o&ito). *tt$:.e$o&ito).#&#.a6.i+%it&tea!1294=5795009"e$eaatan #&#.a6.i+%it&tea!1294=5795009"e$eaatan +#+#t.$+' /+ia"&e& tan((al 11 Fe%#ai 2019 P#naan I. Sa)ono. 2010. Menelola Pasien 8enan Ventilator Ventilator Mekanik . a"ata: Re"ata!a.

Lp Klien Dengan Ventilator

Recommend Documents