1 '(n))(l
: 0! M(*e+ 014
Asis+en
: Si+i H(s(n( Hil,(
Nil(i
:
LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN PANGAN HEWANI
“CURING DAGING”
Disusun Oleh:
ANDRI ISKANDAR
B.1110143
M. HAIDAR ABDUL HAKAM
B.1110!"
RA#I$A NOOR
B.11101
SINGGIH %RABO&O
B.1110143
TEKNOLOGI PANGAN DAN GIZI FAKULTAS ILMU PANGAN HALAL UNIVERSITAS DJUANDA 2014
ABSTRAK Daging merupakan salah satu bahan pangan yang mempunyai kandungan gizi yang lengkap dan mempuyai daya awet rendah. Sehingga perlu suatu usaha penenganan atau pengawetan untuk mempertahankan kandungan gizi daging. Salah satu cara pengawetan daging adalah dengan cara curing, yaitu dengan menambahkan bahan preservatif seperti garam (NaCl), Nanitrit, Nanitrat dan bahan lain yang dapat menambah cita rasa. !kan tetapi penggunaan nitrit selain sebagai pengawet dan memperbaiki kenampakan pr"duk daging curing, nitrit dapat membahayakan tubuh. Nitrit berp"tensi membentuk senyawa nitr"samin yang bersifat karsin"genik apabila nitrit bereaksi dengan amina. #aka dari itu selama pr"ses curing perlu adanya suatu pengendalian agar residu nitritnya berkurang, salah satunya dengan penggunaan asam ask"rbat. $u%uan curing adalah &av"r, ar"ma, keempukan, %uiciness dan mereduksi kerutan daging. 'elebihankeuntungan daging curing adalah *ntuk memper"leh warna yang stabil dan baik, serta mengurangi pengkerutan daging, mempertahankan warna daging, lebih stabil terhadap perlakuan pemanasan, tekstur, serta kelezatan, dan memperpan%ang masa simpan pr"duk daging. K(+( -uni: /u(h (, 2 ell
3
DAFTAR ISI ABS'RAK
DA#'AR ISI
3
4
DAFTAR TABEL '(/el 1 H(sil %en)(,(+(n .....................................................................................15
"
DAFTAR GAMBAR G(,/(* 1 %*6ses %e,(s(-(n Sel(i........................................................................! G(,/(* Sel(i M(n))( (n) su7(h (7i...............................................................! 8
9
PENDAHULUAN
Latar Bea!a"# D()in) ,e*u(-(n *67u- e+e*n(-(n (n) ,en)(n7un) *6+ein (n) 7ie*lu-(n +u/uh. %*6+ein 7(l(, 7()in) +i7(- 7((+ 7i)(n+i-(n 7en)(n *6+ein l(inn(. D()in) +en+ul(h 7isu-(i se,u( 6*(n) 7(n ,en(7i hi7(n)(n e-slusi; -e+i-( 7ihi7(n)-(n 7i ,e(. Oleh -(*en( i+u en)6l(h(n 7()in) u)( s(n)(+ /e*()(, sesu(i 7en)(n -e/u+uh(n (+(u (n) 7iin)in-(n. 'uu(n 7(*i en)6l(h(n (i+u un+u- en)( )ul( =7e-s+*6s( su-*6s( (+(u (+ihi7*6lisis> se*+( /u,/u. Cu*in) /e*+uu(n un+u- ,en7((+-(n <(*n( 7()in) (n) s+(/il(*6,( +e-s+u* 7(n -ele?(+(n (n) /(i-. Sel(in i+u u*in) u)( un+u- ,en)u*(n)i en)e*u+(n 7()in) sel(,( 7i6l(h 7(n ,e,e*(n(n) ,(s( si,(n *67u- 7()in) =An6ni, 011>. Cu*in) -e*in) 7il(-u-(n 7en)(n ,elu,u*i 7()in) 7en)(n )(*(, u*in).Cu*in) /(s(h = 7il(-u-(n 7en)(n ,e*en7(, 7()in) 7(l(, l(*u+(n )(*(, u*in) (+(u 7en)(n ,enun+i--(n l(*u+(n )(*(, u*in) -e 7(l(, 7()in) 7en)(n (l(+ -husus. D()in)
!
(n) +el(h 7i/e*i )(*(, u*in) 7isi,(n /e/e*(( h(*i (7( suhu @ " C =u7i 005>.
T$%$a" 1. D((+ ,e,(h(,i 7(n ,e,el((*i *6ses e,/u(+(n u*in). . D((+ ,e,/(n7in)-(n *6ses e,/u(+(n u*in) /(s(h 7(n u*in) -e*in). 3. Men)e+(hui
-u(li+(s
7()in)
se/elu,
en)6l(h(n
7(n
se+el(h
en)6l(h(n.
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
BAHAN DAN METODE PELAKSANAAN Aat &a" Ba'a" Al(+ :
-
'i,/(n)(n %is(u '(len(n
B(h(n :
- D()in) se)(* - Gul( - G(*(, - N(+*iu, Ni+*i+ - As(, As-6*/(+ - (i*
-
&(7(h Le,(*i en7in)in %e*(l(+(n ,e,(s(-
Met(&e Pea!)a"aa"
Daging segar
Pemisahan dengan tulang (fllet) "2 gr garam, $ gr gula, 0,0% gr nitrit, as&askorbat
pembaluran
Penimbangan 200 gr, pengujian organoleptik
ir
!ula Pasir "#"
perendaman
an'uran buah
Penyimpanan T=dingin, t=7 hari, pengujian organoleptik ir
perebusan
Daging 'uring kering dan basah
Pengujian organoleptik !ambar "& Diagram lir Proses uring pada Daging
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN HASIL PENGAMATAN Ta*e 1 Ha)+ Pe"#a,ata" Se*e$, &+a!$!a" -e"#(a'a"
N6
H(sil en)(,(+(n
Cu*in) -e*in)
Cu*in) @ i+ C
Cu*in) /(s(h
Cu*in) /(s(h @ i+ C
1
A*6,(
Kh(s 7()in) se)(*
Kh(s 7()in) se)(*
Kh(s 7()in) se)(*
Kh(s 7()in) se)(*
&(*n(
Me*(h se)(*
Me*(h se)(*
Me*(h se)(*
Me*(h se)(*
3
+e-s+u*
Le,/u+ /e*se*(+
Le,/u+ /e*se*(+
Le,/u+ /e*se*(+
N6
H(sil en)(,(+(n
Cu*in) -e*in)
Cu*in) @ i+ C
Le,/u+ /e*se*(+
Cu*in) /(s(h
Cu*in) /(s(h @ i+ C
1
A*6,(
Kh(s 7()in)
Kh(s 7()in)
Kh(s 7()in)
Kh(s 7()in)
&(*n(
Me*(h se)(*
Me*(h u(+
Me*(h u(+
Me*(h u(+
3
+e-s+u*
Ke*in) +i7(- /e*len7i*
Ke*in) +i7(- /e*len7i*
/(s(h
/(s(h
Ta*e 2 Pe"#a,ata" Setea' . 'ar+ &+a!$!a" -e"#(a'a"
Ta*e / Pe"#a,ata" Setea' -ere*$)a"
N6
H(sil en)(,(+(n
Cu*in) -e*in)
Cu*in) @ i+ C
Cu*in) /(s(h
Cu*in) /(s(h @ i+ C
1
A*6,(
Kh(s 7()in) *e/us
Kh(s 7()in) *e/us
Kh(s 7()in) *e/us
Kh(s 7()in) *e/us
&(*n(
6-l(+
6-l(+
6-l(+
6-l(+
3
+e-s+u*
/e*se*(+
/e*se*(+
/e*se*(+
/e*se*(+
PEMBAHASAN D()in) se/()(i s(l(h s(+u /(h(n (n)(n (s(l he<(n -u(li+(sn( +i7(- h(n( 7i+en+u-(n 6leh en(n)(n(n +e*n(- se,(s( hi7un( =se/elu, (nen> +e+(i u)( +(- -(l(h en+in)n( (7(l(h en(n)(n(nn( se+el(h (nen =(s((nen>. %e,/e*i(n (-(n /e*-u(li+(s +in))i (7( ;(se e*+u,/uh(n 7(n (7( s((+ ;(se en))e,u-(n se,(s( hi7un( +i7(- (-(n ,e,/e*i-(n -u(li+(s 7()in) (n) 6+i,(l se+el(h +e*n(- 7ise,/elih i-( +i7(- 7ii-u+i 7en)(n en(n)(n(n (s((nen (n) +e(+. A7( 7u( h(l (n) e*lu 7ie*+i,/(n)-(n 7(l(, en(n)(n(n (s((nen *67u-E *67u- h(sil +e*n(- un+u- enin)-(+(n ,u+un( (-ni ,el(lui en)( 7i+in(u 7(*i en))un((n suhu *en7(h se(- +e*n(- 7ise,/elih 7i-(i+-(n 7en)(n ,u+u (n) 7ih(sil-(n ,(-( (7( ,(+e*i ini (-(n ,e,/(h(s +e-n6l6)i en)( curing (7(l(h *6sesin) 7()in) 7en)(n ,en(,/(h s67iu, -l6*i7( =N(Cl> s67iu, ni+*(+ (+(u 6+(siu, ni+*(+ =N(NO3 (+(u KNO3> )ul( /u,/uE/u,/u 7(n ?(+ (7i+i; l(inn(. 'uu(n curing (7(l(h ;l(6* (*6,( -ee,u-(n uiiness 7(n ,e*e7u-si -e*u+(n 7()in). Curing /e*+uu(n un+u- ,e,e*(n(n) ,(s( si,(n 7()in) ,en)h(,/(+ (-+ii+(s ,i-*6/( +e*u+(,( Cl6s+*i7iu, /6+ulinu, ,e,e*/(i-i ;l(6* 7(n +uu(n u+(,(n( (7(l(h ,e,e*/(i-i <(*n( 7()in) ,en(7i ,e*(h in-. %ene/(/ <(*n( ,e*(h -(*en( /(-+e*i ,en)u/(h ni+*(+ ,en(7i ni+*i+ ni+*i+ 7ie(h ,en(7i NO =ni+*6s6> (n) -e,u7i(n /e*e-(si 7en)(n i),en 7()in) =,i6)l6/in> ,e,/en+u- ni+*6s6he,6h*6,()en sehin))( +e*/en+u- <(*n( ,e*(h ,en(*i- 7(n h(e,6)l6/in. Ni+*i+ ,(,u ,e,/e*i-(n ;l(6* (n) sesi;i- -e,un)-in(n 7i-(*en(-(n (7(n( *e(-si (n+(*( ni+*i+ 7en)(n -6,6nen 6l(+ile 7()in) =S6e(*n6 00">. Ba'a" K+,+a a"# &+#$"a!a" &aa, Te!"((#+ Curing
B(h(n curing /i(s(n( (7(l(h )(*(, )ul( )(*(, ni+*(+F )(*(, ni+*i+ h6s;(+ s67iu, e*+h6*/(+ (s(, (s-6*/(+ Te!"+! Curing
S6e(*n6 =00"> /e/e*(( +e-ni- (n) 7i)un(-(n 7(l(, ,e+67e ,en))un(-(n )(*(, (i+u :
curing 7en)(n
1. &e+ curing le/ih ,e*(+( n(,un h(siln( /(s(h . D* curing ,e+67e ini ,e*u(-(n (*( +*(7isi6n(l 7()in) 7iseli,u+i )(*(, 7(n 7isi,(n (7( suhu *en7(h. G(*(, (-(n ,e,(su-i (*in)(n 7(n (7( s((+ /e*s(,((n(i*(n (-(n -elu(* 7(*i 7(l(, 7()in). %e*es((n -e 7()in) +i7(- 6+i,(l -(*en( h(n( 7i+(/u*-(n. 3.&e+ (n7 7* curing =-6,/in(si> +e-ni- ini 7i)un(-(n un+u- ,e,e*,u7(h *6ses curing l(*u+(n 7iine-si-(n l(n)sun) (7( (*in)(n. Se+el(h 7isi,(n /e/e*(( h(*i +u,u-(n 7()in) 7i+u+ui l()i 7en)(n )(*(, 4. Ine+i6n curing e(+ -e s(s(*(n =,i6)l6/in> n(,un +i7(- se,u( ,i6)l6/in +e*(n)-(u 6leh )(*(, 7(n (7( -e,un)-in(n +e*/en+u-n( ni+*6s(,ine. Me!a"+),e Curing
&in(*n6 =00> ,e-(nis,e curing (7(l(h ni+*i+ /e*e(-si 7en)(n )u)us sul;hi7*il 7(n ,e,/en+u- sen(<( (n) +i7(- 7((+ 7i,e+(/6lis(si 6leh ,i-*6/( 7(l(, -6n7isi (n(e*6/. %(7( 7()in) ni+*i+ ,e,/en+u- ni+*6-si7( (n) 7en)(n i),en 7()in) (-(n ,e,/en+u- ni+*6s6,i6)l6/in (n) /e*<(*n( ,e*(h e*(h. %e,/en+u-(n ni+*66-si7( 7((+ +e*l(lu /(n(- i-( h(n( ,en))un(-(n )(*(, ni+*i+ 6leh se/(/ i+u /i(s(n( 7i)un(-(n (,u*(n )(*(, ni+*(+ 7(n )(*(, ni+*i+. G(*(, ni+*(+ (-(n +e*e7u-si 6leh /(-+e*i ni+*(+ ,en)h(sil-(n ni+*i+. #un)si 7(*i ni+*i+ (7(l(h ,ens+(/il-(n <(*n( 7(*i (*in)(n un+u- ,en)-6n+*i/usi -(*(-+e* 7(*i 7()in) curing ,en)h(,/(+ e*+u,/uh(n 7(*i *(un ,(-(n(n 7(n ,i-*66*)(nis,e e,/usu- se*+( ,en)h(,/(+ -e+en)i-(n. As(, e*+h6*/(+e (+(u (s(, (s-6*/(+ ,en)e,/(n)-(n 7(n ,ens+(/il-(n 7()in) curing 7en)(n ,e*e7u-si ,e+,i6)l6/in ,en(7i ,i6)l6/in. Kele/ih(n (s(, (s-6*/(+ (7(l(h se/()(i (n+i6-si7(n +e*h(7( -eu7(*(n <(*n( ,ens+(/il-(n <(*n( 7(n ;l(6*. Ma"aat Curing
Ase+(/ili+(s -6nsu,en +e*h(7( *67u- 7()in) s(n)(+ 7ien)(*uhi 6leh (l(+(/ili+(s *67u- +e*se/u+. M(-in +in))i ,u+u (l(+(/ili+(s su(+u *67u- 7()in) ,(-( ,(-in +in))i ul( (se+(/ili+(sn(. %*67u- (-hi* 7()in) s(n)(+ 7ien)(*uhi 6leh -u(li+(s /(h(n u+(,(n( (i+u 7()in) i+u sen7i*i. &(*n( ;l(6* (*6,( 7(n uiiness 7()in) /is( 7i,(niul(si se(*( (*+i;isi(l. %*6ses curing ,e*u(-(n s(l(h s(+u (*( (n) 7((+ ,e,(niul(si-(n -6,6nenE -6,6nen (l(+(/ili+(s +e*se/u+. D(*i *(-+i-u, (n) +el(h 7il(-u-(n 7ie*6leh h(sil 7()in) (n) ,el(lui *6ses curing -e*in) ,e,ili-i +e-s+u* (n) le/ih -e*(s (+(u (l6+ /(u (n) en7e*un) see*+i /(u /usu- 7(*i 7()in) se*+( <(*n( 7(*i 7()in) (n) +i7(- +e*lih(+ se)(* l()i =6-l(+> se+el(h 7i7i(,-(n sel(,( " h(*i. Se7(n)-(n 7()in) 7en)(n *6ses curing /(s(h ,e,ili-i /(u (n) +i7(- ,enusu- +e-s+u* (n) le/ih le,/u+ 7(n <(*n( 7()in) (n) ,(sih ,e*(h -e6-l(+(n. Se+el(h 7il(-u-(n e*e/us(n 7()in) 7en)(n curing /(s(h +e*(s( le/ih e,u- 7(*i(7( 7()in) 7en)(n curing -e*in).
-e*in) +e*se/u+. 'i7(- ,e*(+(n( en)6les(n )(*(, 7(n /(h(nE/(h(n curing (7( *6ses curing -e*in) 7((+ ,ene/(/-(n +u,/uhn( /(-+e*i (7( /()i(n (n) +i7(- +e*seli,u+i 6leh )(*(, sehin))( 7((+ ,ene/(/-(n e,/usu-(n (7( 7()in). Suhu (7( *6ses e,e*(,(n 7()in) curing u)( /e*en)(*uh -(*en( suhu (n) sesu(i 7((+ ,en)h(,/(+ l(u e*+u,/uh(n ,i-*66*)(nis,e. 'e-ni- (se+i- s((+ *6ses curing u)( 7((+ ,en)u*(n)i +e*(7in( -6n+(,in(si /(-+e*i (n) /e*(s(l 7(*i u7(*( 7i *u(n)(n. D(*i *(-+i-u, (n) su7(h 7il-u-(n +e-ni- curing 7en)(n ,e+67e curing /(s(h 7inil(i le/ih e;e-+i; un+u- e)(
KESIMPULAN Cu*in) (7(l(h s(l(h s(+u en)6l(h(n 7()in) (n) /e*+uu(n un+u- ,en7((+-(n <(*n( 7()in) (n) s+(/il (*6,( +e-s+u* 7(n -ele?(+(n (n) /(i-. Sel(in i+u u*in) u)( un+u- ,en)u*(n)i en)e*u+(n 7()in) sel(,( 7i6l(h 7(n ,e,e*(n(n) ,(s( si,(n *67u- 7()in). Be*7(s(*-(n h(sil *(-+i-u, 7((+ 7isi,ul-(n /(h<( u*in) -e*in) 7()in) -u*(n) ,e,/e*i-(n h(sil ,(-si,(l -(*en( /(h(n u*in) +i7(- +e*se/(* ,e*(+(. Se7(n)-(n u*in) /(s(h le/ih h6,6)en -(*en( /(h(n u*in) 7il(*u+-(n 7(hulu 7(l(, (i* sehin))( +e*se/(* ,e*(+(. Di+in(u 7(*i <(*n( u*in) -e*in) le/ih un))ul 7i/(n7in) -u*in) /(s(h. Di+in(u 7(*i +e-s+u* 7(n ;l(6* u*in) /(s(h le/ih /(i- 7(*i(7( u*in) -e*in).
DAFTAR PUSTAKA •
An6ni,. 011. Curing D()in) =h++:FF<<<.s*i/7.6,F76F"90"444FCu*in)ED()in) 7i(-ses +(n))(l 0 uni 011>.
•
S6e(*n6. 155. Ilmu dan Teknologi Daging . 6)(-(*+( : G(7(h M(7( Unie*si+ %*ess.
•
&in(*n6 #.G. 00. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. (-(*+( : G*(,e7i(.
•
u7i. 005. Daging dan Produk Olahannya =h++:FF7*hu7i./l6)s6+.6,F005F0!F7()in)E7(nE*67u-E6l(h(nn(.h+,l 7i(-ses +(n))(l 0 uni 011>.
