LABORATORIUM PILOT PLANT
SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN AJARAN 2016/2017
MODUL
: HUMIDIFIKASI - DEHUMIDIFIKASI
PEMBIMBING PEMBIMBI NG : Anggi Rgi!n! Ag"#$in% SST% SST% MT& T!ngg!' T!ngg!' P!,$i,"* : . O,$) 2016 T!ngg!' T!ngg!' Pn3!(!n : 11 O,$) 2016
O'( :
K') K')*+ *+), ), : I N!*!
K'!#
: Ahmad Sukarya
1.1.1102
Andhika Prayoga
(1.1.110
Arina Nurul Hayati
(1.1.110.
: B
PROGRAM STUDI DIPLOMA III TEKNIK KIMIA
JURUSAN TEKNIK KIMIA POLITEKNIK NEGERI BANDUNG 2016
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1
Latar Belakang H"*i4i5i,!#i *"+!,!n #"!$" +)## "n$", *ning,!$,!n ,!4! !i 4!'!* "4!!&
P*!(!#!n "4!! 4ng!n "!+ !i #ing # ing 4i'!,",!n +!4! i'!3!( 3!ng **+"n3!i #"(" "4!! $inggi 4!n ,ing !g! 4i+)'( "4!! 3!ng 'i( !#!( 4!n #"(" 3!ng 'i( n4!(& )n$)( +*!,!i!n +)## ("*i4i5i,!#i !4!'!( +!4! "4i4!3! 8!*"% #'!in i$" 4ig"n!,!n 8"g! "n$", +)## 9))'ing $) D8! "(!i% 201& P)## 4("*i4i5i,!#i *"+!,!n #"!$" +)## +n""n!n ,!4! !i 4!'!* "4!!& Pngg"n!!n Pngg"n!!n 4("*i4i5i 4("*i4i5i !n3!, !n3!, 4i$*"i 4i$*"i +!4! i4!ng i4!ng 5!*!#i i#! 4ig"n!,!n 4ig"n!,!n "n$", *'in4 *'in4"ng "ngii #$), #$), )!$-) )!$-)!$ !$!n% !n% *'in4 *'in4"ng "ngii +!'!$ +!'!$!n!n-+ +!'!$ !'!$!n !n 4i "*!( "*!( #!,i$ #!,i$ 3!ng 3!ng #n#i$i5% 4!n **!n$!" $ing,!$ ,'*!!n +!4! !! +)4",#i& P!4! i4!ng +9$!,!n "n$", "n$", *'in4" *'in4"ngi ngi +'!$+'!$- +'!$ +'!$ 4!n *#in *#in +n9$! +n9$!, , #(ing #(ingg! g! *n8!g *n8!g!! ,)n#i#$ ,)n#i#$n# n#ii 4!n ,!'i$ ,!'i$!# !# +'!$ +'!$ 9$!,! 9$!,!n& n& P!4! P!4! in4"#$ in4"#$i i +!ng!n +!ng!n +)## +)## +ng +nging ing!n !n 4ig"n! 4ig"n!,!n ,!n "n$", "n$", +ng!$!n *!,!n!n 3!i$" 4ng!n 9!! *ng"!ngi ,!4! !i #!*+!i !$!# $$n$" +!4! *!,!n!n $#"$ "n$", 4i#i*+!n 4!'!* !+! !,$"& M!,!n!n 3!ng 4i*!,#"4 i!#!n3! "+! #!3"!n !$!" "!(-"!(!n 3!ng !n3!, *ng!n4"ng !i # +$i ,!9!ng $!n!(% )99)'i% !ngg"% #$!3 4!n '!in-'!in S!*!i%4,,& 2011& 1.2
Tujuan Per!"aan T"8"!n 4!i +9)!!n ini !4!'!( #!g!i i,"$& 1 Mng(i$"ng ,)5i#in +in4!( +!n!# (G! 4!n ,)5i#in +in4!( *!##! ,3! +!4! ,)')* 2
i#i!n cooling tower M*!n4ing,!n #"(" !i 3!ng 4i+)'( 4!i +!,$i,"* $(!4!+ #"(" !i
#
#(!"#n3! 3!ng 4i+)'( #9!! $)i$i# 4!i cooling tower Mng$!("i +ng!"( '!8" !'i "4!! G#; $(!4!+ ,'*!!n "4!! < #+!n8!ng
$
,)')* !4#)#i Mng(i$"ng (!g! ,'*!!n <% <% #"(" "4!! T 4!n n$!'+i H +!4! !+! $i$i, 4!'!* ,)')* !4#)#i "n$", *ng!n!'i#! ,!4!!n ,)')*&
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Hu%&'&(&ka)& 'an *!!l&ng T!+er
H"*i4i5i,!#i !4!'!( +)## +n!*!(!n "!+ !i , 4!'!* "4!! "n$", *n9!+!i ,!4! !i !$!" ("*i4i$3 $$n$"& P)## ini i4n$i, 4ng!n +)## +n4ingin!n !i +!n!# *ngg"n!,!n *n!! +n4ingin 8i,! 4i$in8!" 4!i #"4"$ +n!*!(!n *!##! !i , 4!'!* "4!! !,i!$ +'+!#!n +!n!# '!$n !i 3!ng 4i#$!i 4ng!n +'+!#!n *!##! !i , "4!!% #(ingg! *n!*!( *!##! !i , "4!!& P(i$"ng!n +!4! +)## ("*i4i5i,!#i *ngg"n!,!n n!9! *!##! 3!ng #!*! +!4! n!9! *!##! +!4! *n!! +n4ingin !$!" 9))'ing $)& S$i!+ In4"#$i (!*+i 4!+!$ 4i+!#$i,!n *ngg"n!,!n "ni$ *n!! !i +n4ingin& Uni$ !'!$ ini 5"ng#i #!g!i +n34i! !i +n4ingin "n$", !'!$-!'!$ +n4ingin #+$i: 9))'% 9)n4n# 4!n '!in-'!in !$!" "n$", *n4ingin,!n !(!n refrigerant 3!ng 4i+!,!i +!4! +ng,)n4i#i!n "4!! +!4! $*+!$" n4!(& Pin#i+ ,8! 4!i *n!! !i +n4ingin !4!'!( *'+!#,!n ,!n4"ng!n +!n!# 3!ng 4i,!n4"ng )'( !i +!n!# 3!ng !#!' 4!i )"$'$ !'!$ +n4ingin , "4!!% #,!'ig"# $8!4i ++in4!(!n *!##! !i , "4!!% 4!n 3!ng *n8!4i +)4", !4!'!( !i 3!ng $'!( 4ingin% #4!ng,!n +!4! ("*i4i5i,!#i +)4", 3!ng 4i,(n4!,i !4!'!( "4!! 3!ng 'i( '*! 4!i #'"*n3!& U*+!n +!4! *n!! +n4ingin !4!'!( !i +!n!#/(!ng!$ 3!ng ,'"!!n 4!i )+!#i "ni$ '!in% ,*"4i!n 4i,)n$!,,!n 4ng!n "4!!& S!gi!n ,9i' "!+ !i *ng"!+% #4!ng,!n "n$", *ng"!+ 4i+'",!n ,!') 3!ng #!gi!n #! 4i!*i' 4!i !i% #(ingg! $*+!$" !i *n8!4i 'i( n4!( 4i!n4ing,!n !i 3!ng *!#", ,)')*& L"!# +*",!!n ,)n$!, *"+!,!n +)in +n$ing 4!'!* )+!#i 3!ng *'i!$,!n ,)n$!, !n$!! 5!#! 9!i 4!n g!#% ,!n! i$" 4i'!,",!n "#!(! "n$", **"!$ !'!$ 3!ng 4i)+!#i,!n **+"n3!i '"!# ,)n$!, 3!ng #!& =!'!"+"n 4*i,i!n '"!# +*",!!n ,)n$!, ",!n *"+!,!n #!$"-#!$"n3! 5!,$) 3!ng *nn$",!n )+!#i 8!'!n 4ng!n (!#i'& S!'!( #!$" 9!! **"!$ '"!# ,)n$!, !4!'!( **i,!n i#i!n +!4! ,)')*& P!4! 9))'ing $) !i *!#", '!$ !$!# $""n ,!!( 4ng!n '!8" !'i L; 4!n "4!! *!#", , !!( ,!$!# 4ng!n '!8" G#;& G!*! 4i !!( !4!'!( #,$#! )+!#i
+!4! cooling tower #9!! !4i!!$i9 4!n ,!4!!n steady state. Un$", )+!#i !4i!$i# 4!n steady state& N!9! *!##! "!+ !i 3!ng *ng!'i #!*! "4!! G; +!4! #+!n8!ng >? !4!'!(: G#; 4< @ K3! <;!# <; 4?
&1
G!*! 2&1 R#i,"'!#i !i!n +!4! ))'ing T) In$g!#i +!4! +!n8!ng% ? @ 0 ,'*!!n% <; @ <;1 #!*+!i ? @ ? <; @ <;2 4!n <;!# ,)n#$!n *ng(!#i',!n ln
Y ' as Y ' 1 −
Y ' as Y ' 2
K ya Z
=
−
&2
Gs '
N!9! +!n!# #+!n8!ng >? !4!'!(: G#; # 4TG @ (G! TG T!# 4?
&
In$g!#i +!4! ? @ 0 #"("% TG @ TG1 #!*+!i ?@? TG@TG2 4!n T!# 9)n#$!n$ 4!n # 4i!ngg!+ ,)n#$!n% *ng(!#i',!n
ln
T G 1−T as T G 2−T as
=
hGa Z Gs ' C s
K3! @ K)5i#in +in4!( *!##! 4i5"#i (G! @ K)5i#in +in4!( +!n!# ,)nC,#i
&.
H!g! N$G number of gas-phase transfer units 4!n H$G Height of gas phase transfer units !4!'!(:
N tG= ln
Y ' as−Y ' 1 Y ' as−Y ' 2
&
H tG= Z / N tG
&6
2.2 K!l!% A')!r")& , Adsorbtion Colum-
O+!#i 4("*i4i5i,!#i 4!+!$ 4i'!,",!n 4ng!n *ngg"n!,!n ,)')* !4#)#i 4ng!n !4#)n$ "+! "$i!n #i'i9! g' 3!ng $#"#"n #+!n8!ng ,)')*& U4!! 4ng!n ,'*!!n '!$i5 $inggi *'!$i "ngg"n #i'i9! g' fixed bed 4!n ,'"! 4ng!n ,'*!!n 'i( n4!( ,!n! #!gi!n "!+ !i 3!ng $,!n4"ng 4!'!* "4!! $!4#)#i )'( #i'i9! g'& U!+ !i +in4!( 4!i 5!#! g!# *n8!4i 9!i +!4! +*",!!n #i'i9! g'% !,#in3! !4!'!( !,#i 5i#i,! 4!n n4)$*i,& Ai $#!+ +!4! #i'i9! "+! !i $i,!$% ,!n4"ng!n !i $i,!$ 4ng!n ,!4! !i 4i"4!! **+"n3!i ,#$i*!ng!n +!4! $*+!$" $$n$"& G!*! 4i!!( *"+!,!n #,$#! )+!#i 4("*i4i5i,!#i +!4! ,)')* !4#)#i i#i 4 #i'i9! g'& O+!#i ini 8!'!n !4i!!$i# 4!n ,!4!!n unsteady #!*+!i #i'i9! g' ,#$i*!ng!n 4ng!n "4!! 3!ng *'!$in3!&
G!*! &2 K)')* A#) K!4!!n ,8n"(!n #i'i9! g' 4!'!* ,)')* 4!+!$ 4i+4i,#i 4ng!n *ng$!("i ,'*!!n "4!! 4!n n$!'+i 3!ng ,'"! +!4! #$i!+ $i$i, #+!n8!ng ,)')*& Ungg"n
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BAB III METODOLOGI PER*OBAAN
#.1 Alat 'an Baan
T!' &1 A'!$ 4!n B!(!n
N!
1 2
3.2
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Mng!$" #*"! C!'C E F1% F/% F6 $$"$"+ 4!n F2% F.% F: $",! G
Mn3!'!,!n ,)*+#) $,!n ON +!4! +!n' 4!n !$" >P :0 **Hg
Mn9!$!$ #"(" *!#", -#"(" )'! !#!( 4!n ,ing #$! $*)*$ +!4! ,'"!!n $i$i, A% B% % D
Mng"'!ngi +)#4" "n$", C!i!#i >P 60% 70% 0 **Hg
G!*! &2 P)#4" K8! P!,$i,"* D("*i4i5i,!#i
#.#.2
Hu%&'&(&ka)& Tana Pe%ana)an
Mng!$" #*"! C!'C
F1 4!n F. ",! F2% F% F: 4!n F6 $"$"+
Mngi#i !i $!ng,i ,)')* +!9,ing 1/ !gi!n
Mn3!'!,!n P)*+! '!8" !'i 100 '/8!*
Mn9!$!$ #*"! 4!$! #"(" 3!ng 4i+'",!n $i!+ : *ni$
Mng!$" 4! $,!n :0 **Hg
M*C!i!#i,!n '!8" !'i $i!+ : *ni$ +!4! 120% 1.0 4!n 160 '/8!*
Mn3!'!,!n ,)*+##)% *n,!n $)*)' On
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G!*! & P)#4" K8! P!,$i,"* H"*i4i5i,!#i T!n+! P*!n!#!n
#.#.#
Hu%&'&(&ka)& 'engan Pe%ana)an
Mng!$" C!'C E**",! C!'C 2% .% 6 4!n *n"$"+ C!'C 1%%:G
Mn3!'!,!n +)*+! +!4! '!8" !'i 100 4!n 120 '/8!*
Mn3!'!,!n +*!n!# 4i !ng,! 2 !$" +!4! #$ +)in$ I007
Mng!$" K)*+#) +!4! >P 0 **Hg
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BAB I HASIL PENELITIAN $.1
Data Penga%atan P!4! 4!$! +ng!*!$!n% 4i+)'( 4!$! +4!!n $,!n!n% $*+!$" )'! !#!(
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Kelembaban (kg/kg ry Air)
Pan.ang kolom (m) ∆P $ (mmHg)
∆P & (mmHg)
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0ntal1i - Pan.ang kolom &' & &2 & #' ## # #2
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Pan.ang Kolom (m) ∆P $ (mmHg)
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Kelembaban (k./kg ry air)
$ mmHg & mmHg
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ln
ln
Y ' as Y ' 1 −
Y ' as Y ' 2 −
T G 1−T as T G 2−T as
N tG= ln
K ya Z
=
=
Gs '
hGa Z Gs ' C s
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