TKH Hgermiszryczyrm ji camui tÿbahcm
Myznris? Onsyè Cyiszm Ryh Lmrhn Tyýmais Cms}yirn
Cyrsn 244=.2442
TKH
HGJHCI =' HGZRNJYCCHÓG'''''''''''''''' HGZRNJYCCHÓG'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3 ='= Am Crhtznfrmeìm Crhtznfrmeìm cnln `irrmlhigz `irrmlhigzmm bmsi ji am sifyrhjmj sifyrhjmj'''''''''''3 ='2 Ia Zmaóg Zmaóg ji M}yhais M}yhais ji ans crhtzns crhtznshszilms hszilms ji ji camui tÿbahcm tÿbahcm'''' '''' 9 2' CRHTZNFRMEHM JI CAMUI TßBAHCM X EHRLM JHFHZMA'''''''''''5 2'= Ehrlm Jhfhzma'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''5 2'2 Chermjn Chermjn ji Camui Camui Tÿbahcm Tÿbahcm'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''' 5 2'2'= Igcrhtzmchóg cng camui trhumjm''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 5 2'2'2 Igcrhtzmchóg cng camui tÿbahcm ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6 2'2'3 Ysn tríczhcn (Ysymrhns M x B'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6 2'3 Mafnrhzlns Mafnrhzlns ji ji @ms`hgf @ms`hgf''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''' 0 2': Figirmr ygm ygm Ehrlm Ehrlm Jhfhzma'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''' 8 2'9 Cnltrnbmr Cnltrnbmr ygm ygm Ehrlm Jhfhzma Jhfhzma'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=4 3' CIRZHEHCMJNS JHFHZMAIS''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' JHFHZMAIS'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''' == 3'= Ahszm ji riuncmchóg ji cirzhehcmjns''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=3 3'2 ¾Cóln si zrmbmom cng cirzhehcmjns>''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=3 :' ¾]YÈ IS YGM TKH>''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' TKH>'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=9 '''''''''''''''''''=9 9' GICISHJMJ JI YGM TKH'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''' =9 5' CNLTNGIGZIS JI YGM TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=5 '''=5 5'= Ygm Tnaìzhcm ji Sifyrhjmj''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=6 5'2 Jicamrmchóg ji Tríczhcm ji Cirzhehcmjns (CTS''''''''''''''''''''''''''=6 5'2'= Lmrcn Aifma'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''' =6 5'3 Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg (CM''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''=0 5'3'= Oirmr}yìm ji Myznrhjmjis ji Cirzhehcmjns''''''''''''''''''''=8 5'3'2 Mafygms Myznrhjmjis ji Cirzhehcmchóg'''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''' 24 5'3'3 Lmrcn aifma Iyrntin (Jhriczhum CM''''''''''''''''''''''''''2= 5': Myznrhjmj ji Rifhszrn (RM'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2= 5'9 Shszilm ji Jhszrhbychóg ji Cirzhehcmjns''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''22 6' MAFYGMS UIGZMOMS JI AM HGERMISZRYCZYRM HGERMISZRYCZYRM TKH''''''''''''''' 22 0' MAFYGMS JIBHAHJMJIS JI AM HGERMISZRYCZYRM TKH'''''''''22 8' TRNBAILÍZHCM JI AM HLTAMGZMCHÓG JI TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''' TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''' 22 =4' TMSNS TMRM IUMAYMR I UMAYMR SNAYCHNGIS JI TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''23 TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''23 =4'= Eaiphbhahjmj''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''' 23 =4'2 Sigchaai ji lmgion'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''' 2: =4'3 Mltahmbhahjmj''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''2: '''''''2: =4': Cnltmzhbhahjmj'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''29 ==' AM SIFYRHJMJ JIA CM.RM''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' CM.RM'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''29 29 =2' MTAHCMCHNGIS @MBHAHZMJMS TNR TKH'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' TKH'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 25 =3' IOILTANS JI MTAHCMCHNGIS JI TKH''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' TKH'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''25 25 =:' JIEHGHCHNGIS X MCRÓGHLNS''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' MCRÓGHLNS''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''20 '''''''''''''''''''''20 =9' BHBAHNFRMEÌM'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' BHBAHNFRMEÌM''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ''''' 20
2
TKH
=' HGZRNJYCCHÓG Ans fisznris ji ans shszilms hgenrlízhcns `mg zighjn jisji shiltri istichma hgzirès ig cngzrnamr ia mccisn m ams lí}yhgms x ricyrsns tmrm hltijhr sy ysn hgjibhjn x fmrmgzhmr trnzicchóg ji am hgenrlmchóg ig iaans cngzighjm' Cymgjn iszms lí}yhgms x shszilms si igcyigzrmg hgzircngiczmjns m zrmuès ji rijis! isi cngzrna x ism trnzicchóg si `mcig lís gicismrhns x lís jheìchais ji trnuiir ysmgjn lèznjns cnguigchngmais' Am shltai iphszigchm ji ygm rij ji írim ancma ipzigjhjm m an amrfn ji yg ijhehchn cngaaium yg gnzmbai cngoygzn ji rhisfns tmrm am sifyrhjmj ji am hgenrlmchóg }yi tnr iaam chrcyam n }yi iszí malmcigmjm ig ans nrjigmjnris m iaam cngiczmjns' Cymgjn iszns shszilms x rijis ancmais iszíg cngiczmjns! m sy ui! m rijis ji ílbhzn gmchngma n hgzirgmchngma! ia trnbailm si mfyjhm' ßazhlmligzi uighlns mshszhigjn m yg crichlhigzn isticzmcyamr jia gÿlirn ji ysymrhns ji znjn zhtn x cngjhchóg! }yi si cngiczmg m am rij Hgzirgiz' Hgzirgiz' M rmì ji am hgzircngiphóg hgzircngiphóg jia lygjn iltrismrhma iltrismrhma m iszm rij! uhmom tnr iaam x si malmcigm hgenrlmchóg ji znjn zhtn! }yi mbmrcm jisji gnzhchms n cnzhaains! jncyligzns! gnrlms x mtahcmchngis hgenrlízhcms ji ahbri jhszrhbychóg `mszm cnltaioms zrmgsmcchngis }yi ri}yhirig mltahms lijhjms ji sifyrhjmj' Am iscyc`m iaiczróghcm! }yi tirlhzi am nbzigchóg x tnshbai lmghtyamchóg ji hgenrlmchóg trhumjm! x ans smbnzmois rimahmjns zmgzn tnr mzmcmgzis ipzirgns cnln hgzirgns! iszíg cmysmgjn ÿazhlmligzi am tèrjhjm ji frmgjis cmgzhjmjis ji jhgirn' Tirn! ¾cóln cngzrnamr ia mccisn hgjibhjn m ams mtahcmchngis x m am hgenrlmchóg malmcigmjm>! ¾cóln fmrmgzhmr am hgzifrhjmj n am cngehjigchmahjmj ji am hgenrlmchóg }yi uhmom m zrmuès ji ams rijis>! ¾cóln cnltrnbmr ji lmgirm ehmbai }yi ia ilhsnr x ia ricitznr ji ygm hgenrlmchóg sng rimaligzi }yhigis jhcig sir>! n ¾cóln fmrmgzhmr }yi ia ilhsnr gn ghifyi `mbir iguhmjn mafn x ia ricitznr gn ghifyi `mbiran richbhjn>' Ans nrfmghslns ji gnrlmahmchóg [HSN00\ trntngig ygm sirhi ji snaychngis tmrm iuhzmr ans tnshbais mzm}yis x ntirmchngis haifmais m ans }yi tyijig iszmr snlizhjms ams rijis ziailízhcms' Iszms snaychngis cngshszig ig jnzmr m ams rijis ji ygm sirhi ji siru siruhch hchns ns ji sifyrh sifyrhjm jmjj }yi }yi yzh yzhah ahmg mg ig sy lmxn lmxnrìm rìm zècg zècghc hcms ms crhtz crhtznf nfrí ríehc ehcms ms cnln cnln `irrmlhigzm bíshcm
='= Am crhtznfrmeìm cnln `irrmlhigzm bmsi ji am sifyrhjmj Ia nboizhun ji am crhtznfrmeìm is ia ji trntnrchngmr cnlyghcmchngis sifyrms snbri cmgmais hgsifyrns! is jichr! tirlhzhr }yi jns igzhjmjis! bhig simg tirsngms n bhig mtahcmchngis! tyijmg iguhmrsi ligsmois tnr yg cmgma }yi tyij tyijii sir sir hgzi hgzirc rcit itzm zmjn jn tnr tnr ygm ygm zirc zircir irmm igzh igzhjm jmj! j! ji ln lnjn jn }yi }yi sóan sóan ans ans jiszhgmzmrhns myznrhmjns tyijmg aiir ans ligsmois' Tirn am crhtznfrmeìm gn is ig sì am Sifyrhjmj! sóan is am `irrmlhigzm bíshcm }yi yzhahmg licmghslns lís cnltaions tmrm trntnrchngmr! mjilís ji cngehjigchmahjmj! nzrns siruhchns ji sifyrhjmj' Am crhtz crhtznf nfrm rmeìm eìm uhigi uhigi yzha yzhahí hígj gjns nsii jisj jisjii am Mgzhf Mgzhfñi ñijm jmj! j! myg} myg}yi yi snamligzi cng ia cngcyrsn ji ans nrjigmjnris `mg syrfhjn ans lnjirgns shszilms crhtznfríehcns' Igzri iszi zhtn ji crhtznshszilms `mx }yi jhszhgfyhr igzri ans ji Camui Sicrizm! ig ans }yi ia ilhsnr x ia ricitznr ji yg ligsmoi 3
TKH yzhahmg am lhslm camui tmrm chermr x jischermr risticzhumligzi ia ligsmoi! am cyma jibig lmgzigir lmgzigir mlbns ig sicrizn! x ans ji Camui Tÿbahcm ig ans }yi cmjm ysymrhn iszí ig tnsishóg ji yg tmr ji camuis! ygm }yi lmgzhigi ig sicrizn x nzrm }yi is tÿbahcm' Ia crhtznshszilm ji camui sicrizm lís yzhahmjn is ia Jmzm Igcrxtzhng Szmgjm Szmgjmrj rj (JIS (JIS jismr ismrrn rnaa aamj mjnn tnr tnr HBL x mjnt mjntzm zmjjn tnr ams ams nehc nehchg hgms ms fybirgmligzmais iszmjnyghjigsis tmrm trnzicchóg ji jmzns jisji =866' Ia mafnrhzln is eícha ji hltailigzmr zmgzn ig `mrjvmri cnln ig snezvmri! shg ilbmrfn! trisigzm yg frmui trnbailm risticzn m am fiszhóg ji camuis' Tnr yg amjn! iphszi yg trnbailm cng am jhszrhbychóg ji camuis! xm }yi sh jns ysymrhns }yhirig cnlyghcmrsi cngehjigchmaligzi! jibiríg siaicchngmr ygm camui sicrizm }yi sóan iaans cngncmg x cnlyghcírsiam ygn ma nzrn! cng ia camrn rhisfn ji sir hgzircitzmjm' Tnr nzrm tmrzi! mtmrici ia trnbailm ji lmgion ji camuis cymgjn ia gÿlirn ji ysymrhns hgunaycrmjns ig am cnlyghcmchóg is frmgji! xm }yi ig ygm rij ji g ysymrhns! cmjm tmriom gicishzm zigir sy camui sicrizm tmrzhcyamr! an }yi `mci yg znzma ji 2g(g,= camuis tmrm ism rij' Ig =865 Jheehi x @iaalmg jiscrhbhirng ia trhlir crhtznshszilm ji camui tÿbahcm cngnchjn cnln ia cmlbhn ji camui Jheehi,@iaalmg }yi yzhahmbm ygm camui jnbai jnbai cnltyiszm cnltyiszm tnr ygm cnltngigzi cnltngigzi tÿbahcm x ygm trhumjm' trhumjm' Cng iszi mafnrhzln cymgjn mafyhig }yhiri }yi ai iguìig yg ligsmoi sicrizn ai iguìm m sy hgzirancyznr sy camui tÿbahcm! ia cyma am ysm tmrm chermr ia ligsmoi' Sóan ia ysymrhn }yi iszí ig tnsishóg ji am camui sicrizm tyiji jischermr ia ligsmoi' Sh ia ligs ligsmo moii is hgzir hgzirci citzm tzmjn jn!! myg} myg}yi yi ia hgzr hgzrys ysnn cngn cngncm cm am camu camuii tÿbah tÿbahcm cm yzhahmjm! gn tnjrí jischermr ia ligsmoi tnr}yi gn iszmrí ig tnsishóg ji am cnltngigzi trhumjm' Cng iszi zhtn ji mafnrhzlns am camui sicrizm xm gn zhigi }yi zrmgslhzhrsi igzri ans hgzirancyznris x zmltncn is gicismrhn zigir camuis jhei jheiri rigz gzis is tmrm tmrm cmjm cmjm tmri tmriom om ji hgzi hgziran rancy cyzn znri ris! s! is syehc syehchig higzi zi cng cng }yi }yi cmjm cmjm ysymrhn zigfm sy camui tÿbahcm x sy camui trhumjm' Am trhl trhlirm irm rimah rimahmc mchó hógg rnby rnbyszm szm jia jia ln lnji jian an trnt trntyi yiszn szn tnr tnr Jhee Jheehi, hi, @iaalmg eyi jismrrnaamjm tnr Rhuisz! S`mlhr x Mjailmg ig =866 [RSM60\ x si cngnci cngnci cnln cnln crhtznsh crhtznshszil szilmm RSM' Am camui tÿbahcm x am trhumjm iszíg cnltyiszms tnr yg iptngigzi x yg lójyan }yi is trnjyczn ji jns gÿlirn trhlns frmgjis' Am ehmbhahjmj jia shszilm si bmsm ig }yi sh ans trhlns si iscnfig an syehchigziligzi frmgjis! ia trncisn ji emcznrhmchóg jia trnjyczn is hgmbnrjmbai ig yg zhiltn rmngmbai' Frmchms m iaan! am jheyshóg ji am cnltngigzi tÿbahcm gn tngi ig tiahfrn m am trhumjm' Ia mafnrhzln ji chermjn RSM is riuirshbai! is jichr! mjilís ji tirlhzhr chermr cng am camui tÿbahcm x jischermr cng am trhumjm! tirlhzi chermr cng am camui trhumjm x jischermr cng am tÿbahcm' Iszi ÿazhln lnjn ji chermjn gn trntnrchngm cngehjigchmahjmj xm }yi cyma}yhirm tyiji jischermr yg ligsmoi chermjn cng ygm camui sicrizm ma tnjir nbzigir shiltri am cnltngigzi tÿbahcm ji sy hgzirancyznr! shg ilbmrfn ia `ic`n ji chermr yg ligsmoi cng am camui sicrizm ji yg ysymrhn hltahcm ygm hjigzhehcmchóg jia ysymrhn ma hfyma }yi an `mci ygm ehrlm! tnr an }yi iszi trncisn si cngnci cng ia gnlbri ji ehrlm jhfhzma' M tmrz tmrzhr hr ji lijh lijhmj mjns ns ji ans ans 04 si ilti iltim mrn rngg m bysc byscmr mr gyiu gyiuns ns crhtznshszilms ji camui tÿbahcm }yi yzhahmrmg ligns cmgzhjmj ji ricyrsns tmrm figirmr camuis x tmrm chermr x jischermr' Msì! ig =809! IA Fmlma trntysn yg :
TKH is}yilm ji camui tÿbahcm cngnchjn cnln crhtznshszilm Ia Fmlma! x ig am trhlirm lhzmj ji ans 84 iszí trnfrismgjn ia iszyjhn ji crhtznshszilms ji cyrums iaìtzhcms iaìtzhcms'
='2 Ia zmaóg ji M}yhais ji ans crhtznshszilms crhtznshszilms ji camui tÿbahcm tÿbahcm Zma x cnln si hgjhcm ig ia mtmrzmjn mgzirhnr! am crhtznfrmeìm tnr sì snam gn is syehchigzi tmrm triuighr ans tnshbais mzm}yis }yi si tirtizrmg snbri ams rijis! shgn }yi is gicismrhn iszmbaicir ygns licmghslns lís cnltaions }yi yzhahmg ans jhszhgzns shszilms crhtznfríehcns ig sys chlhigzns' Cymgjn si yzhahm ÿghcmligzi crhtznfrmeìm ji camui shlèzrhcm! myg}yi ia shszilm ji figirmchóg ji camuis syiai sir sigchaan! xm }yi gn si ri}yhiri ygm frmg hgermiszryczyrm tmrm sntnrzmran! ans licmghslns ji jhszrhbychóg ji ams camuis syiaig sir lyx cnltaions' cnltaions' Ig iszi cmsn! ans trhgchtmais trhgchtmais tmrílizrns tmrílizrns }yi `mx }yi zigir ig cyigzm sng ia lnjn ji jheygjhr am camui sicrizm ji enrlm sifyrm m ams igzhjmjis }yi umg m yzhahmram x am ericyigchm cng am }yi si jibig rignumr ams camuis tmrm iuhzmr }yi simg jisuiamjms' Ig ans ans crht crhtzn znsh shsz szil ilms ms ji camu camuii tÿb tÿbahcm ahcm!! am camu camuii sicr sicriz izmm jibi ibi tirlmgicir ncyazm ig ia jnlhghn ji sy trnthizmrhn! tnr an cyma ia tiahfrn ji sir hgzircitzmjm tnr yg mzmcmgzi si rijyci' Shg ilbmrfn! am camui tÿbahcm tyiji sir ipzigsmligzi cngnchjm' Am gicishjmj }yi zhigig ams igzhjmjis ji jmr m cngncir sys camuis tÿbahcms tamgzim gyiuns trnbailms' Ig trhl trhlir ir ayfm ayfmr! r! si jibi jibigg byscm byscmrr licmg licmghs hsln lnss tmrm tmrm tyba tybahc hcmr mr iszms iszms camuis' Hghchmaligzi si tigsó ig ia Jhricznrhn [HSN8=\ cnln ia ayfmr hjima tmrm sy tybahcmchóg! tirn sy tncm iptmgshóg `m `ic`n }yi xm si ilthici m `mbamr ji am yzhahmchóg ji siruhjnris mccishbais uìm i,lmha x ji siruhjnris vib }yi si igcmrfyig ji iszm ambnr' Ia sifygjn trnbailm }yi si tamgzim ma yzhahmr crhtznshszilms ji camui tÿbahcm! is }yi ams camuis tÿbahcms! tnr ia shltai `ic`n ji sir tÿbahcms! iszíg iptyiszms m am lmghtyamchóg tnr tmrzi ji znjns ans ysymrhns! tnr an }yi is gicismrhn byscmr yg licmghsln }yi fmrmgzhci am trnthijmj x am umahji ji iszms camuis' Shfyhigjn ia ioiltan ji ans mczymais shszilms aifmais! si yzhahm yg shszilm ji cngehmgm ig ygm zircirm tmrzi (ZZT! Zryszij Z`hrj Tmrzx }yi si igcmrfm ji cirzhehcmr ams camuis tÿbahcms' Iszm ZZT! cngnchjm cng ia gnlbri ji Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg (CM! Cirzhehcmzhng Myz`nrhzx! cirzhehcm }yi ygm jizirlhgmjm igzhjmj is am trnthizmrhm ji ygm camui tÿbahcm x }yi ism camui is uíahjm jyrmgzi yg tirhnjn jizirlhgmjn ji zhiltn'
9
TKH
2' Crhtznfrmeìm ji camui tÿbahcm x ehrlm jhfhzma 2'= Ehrlm Jhfhzma Am ehrlm jhfhzma si bmsm ig zècghcms crhtznfríehcms }yi tirlhzig ilyamr jhfhzmaligzi am ehrlm lmgyscrhzm! cng am lhslm umahji aifma'
Cmrmczirìszhcms? , Si iltaimg mafnrhzlns crhtznfríehcns mshlèzrhcns , Si figirm m zrmuès ji ygm camui }yi tnsii ÿghcmligzi ia ehrlmgzi , Jitigji jia jncyligzn }yi si ehrlm , Tirlhzi msifyrmr am hgzifrhjmj x ia gn rityjhn ji ans jncyligzns ehrlmjns' Am ehrlm jhfhzma shrui! ig ia cmsn jia cnrrin! tmrm msifyrmrgns }yi ia rilhzigzi ji yg cnrrin is rimaligzi }yhig mtmrici ig ia cmltn ernl jia ligsmoi! is jichr! tmrm iuhzmr }yi si iguìig cnrrins ig gnlbri ji nzrms tirsngms'
Am ehrlm jibi cyltahr ams shfyhigzis ri}yhshzns? ,Am ehrlm ji yg ysymrhn sóan tyiji sir figirmjm tnr isi ysymrhn' ,Si figirm m zrmuès ji am camui trhumjm' ,Tyiji sir uirhehcmjm tnr cyma}yhirm }yi cngncm am camui tÿbahcm' ,Jibi sir jhszhgzm tmrm jncyligzn ehrlmjn ,Si jibi bmsmr ig ia cngzighjn jia jncyligzn' ,Gn si tyiji emashehcmr ygm ehrlm m tmrzhr ji am ehrlm ji nzrn jncyligzn
Am bmsi? Chermjn ji Camui tÿbahcm ,Cmjm ysymrhn tnsii yg tmr ji camuis! ygm is trhumjm x sóan cngnci èa (camui trhumjm! nzrm is tÿbahcm x tyiji jhszrhbyhrsi m ams tirsngms cng ams }yi hgzircmlbhm hgenrlmchóg (camui tÿbahcm' ,Am hgenrlmchóg igcrhtzmjm cng ygm camui! tyiji sir jisigcrhtzmjm cng am nzrm! shigjn tnshbai? ,Jisigcrhtzmr ygm hgenrlmchóg cngnchigjn sóan am camui cng am }yi si igcrhtzó' ,Muirhfymr ia umanr ji ygm camui cngnchigjn am nzrm'
2'2 Chermjn ji camui tÿbahcm 2'2'= Igcrhtzmchóg cng camui trhumjm Cyma} yma}yyhir hir tirsn irsngm gm }yi }yi cng cngncm ncm am camu camuii tÿbahc bahcmm tyij yiji jisigcrhtzmr! tirn si msifyrm }yi snan ia tnsiijnr ji am camui trhumjm `m tnjhjn figirmr ia jncyligzn igcrhtzmjn'
5
TKH
2'2'2 Igcrhtzmchóg cng camui tÿbahcm Cyma}yhir tirsngm }yi cngncm am camui tÿbahcm tyiji igcrhtzmr! tirn tirn si msif msifyr yrmm }yi }yi snan snan ia tnsi tnsiij ijnr nr ji am camu camuii trhu trhumj mjmm tyij tyijii jisigcrhtzmr ia jncyligzn'
2'2'3 Ysn tríczhcn (Ysymrhns M x B? , Sh M jisim jisim iguhmr iguhmr hgenrl hgenrlmchó mchógg sifyrm sifyrm m B! si iguìm iguìm iltaimg iltaimgjn jn am camui camui tÿbahcm ji B! sóan B tnjrí jiscrhermram cng sy camui trhumjm' , Sh M iguì iguìmm hgen hgenrl rlmc mchó hógg igcr igcrht htzm zmjm jm cng cng sy camu camuii trhu trhumj mjm! m! B tnjr tnjríí jisigcrhtzmram cng am camui tÿbahcm ji M x zigjrí am cirzim ji }yi sóan `m tnjhjn iguhmram M' , Ams camuis camuis tÿbahcm tÿbahcmss si malmcigm malmcigmgg ia ayfmris ayfmris tÿbahcns tÿbahcns (bmsi (bmsiss ji jmzns! jmzns! jhricznrhns AJMT''' mccishbais tnr znjms ams tirsngms }yi hgzircmlbhig hgenrlmchóg sifyrm' M iguìm hgenrlmchóg sifyrm m B
6
TKH
2'3 Eygchngis @MS@ Ams eygchngis `ms` shruig tmrm cnltrhlhr yg zipzn ig yg ban}yi ji angfhzyj ehom' Si yzhahmg ig myzigzhcmchóg x ehrlm jhfhzma tmrm? Gn zigir }yi chermr znjn ia zipzn ig ans siruhchns ji myzigzhcmchóg x ehrlm jhfhzma! xm }yi iszi trncisn is aigzn cng ans mafnrhzlns mshlèzrhcns' Ia risylig shrui tmrm cnltrnbmr sh am camui trhumjm jia ilhsnr is myzègzhcm! gn is gicismrhn chermr znjn ia zipzn sh gn si }yhiri cngehjigchmahjmj (uir ehfyrm' Tmrm tnjir cnltrnbmr myznlízhcmligzi am myzigzhchjmj' Sh si cherm znjn ia zipzn! ma jischermr snan si tyiji cnltrnbmr am myzigzhchjmj lhrmgjn sh ia risyazmjn is hgziahfhbai' Iuhjigziligzi iszi trncisn jibi rimahmrsi ji enrlm lmgyma' Yzhahmgjn yg risylig jia zipzn! si tyiji cnltrnbmr sh is myzègzhcn cnltmrmgjn ia risylig rimahmjn ig ia ricitznr cng ia jischermjn' Tmrm cnltrnbmr am hgzifrhjmj jia zipzn! xm }yi sh `m shjn jmýmjn jyrmgzi am zrmgslhshóg n ig ricitchóg gn cnhgchjhrí ia risylig jia zipzn richbhjn cng ia jischermjn' •
•
•
Eygchóg `ms`
0
TKH Ams eygchngis `ms` jibig sir tÿbahcms i hrriuirshbais' Gn chermg! snan cnltrhlig ans zipzns ig yg ban}yi ji angfhzyj ehom' Sng jheirigzis ji ams eygchngis caíshcms ji cnltrishóg ji zipzns (cnln _HT! @yeelmg! U,:2! iz'''! xm }yi iszms eygchngis sng riuirshbais i hgzigzmg iahlhgmr am rijygjmgchm ji ans zipzns lmgzighigjn ia shfghehcmjn' Ams eygchngis `ms` jibig cyltahr ams shfyhigzis cngjhchngis? • • •
•
Zrmgsenrlmr yg zipzn ji angfhzyj umrhmbai ig yg ban}yi ji angfhzyj ehom' Sir hrriuirshbais! is jichr! gn si tyiji ricytirmr ia zipzn jisji ia risylig' Cngnchjn yg ligsmoi x sy eygchóg `ms` jibi sir hltnshbai igcngzrmr nzrn ligsmoi cng am lhslm eygchóg `ms`' Iszn si jibi cyltahr tmrm iuhzmr }yi ans crhtznmgmahszms ehrlig yg ligsmoi trnthn cnln sh eyirmg nzrm tirsngm' Is hltnshbai hguigzmr jns ligsmois cyxm eygchóg `ms` sim am lhslm'
Ans mafnrhzlns lís yzhahmjns sng? LJ9 Hguigzmjn ig =882 tnr Rhuisz ' Am angfhzyj jia ban}yi is ji =20 bhzs'(Uir mgipn' S@M Hguigzmjn ig =88: tnr am mfigchm mlirhcmgm GHSZ' Am angfhzyj jia ban}yi is ji =54 bhzs'(Uir mgipn'
2': Figirmr ygm Ehrlm Jhfhzma , Tmsn =? Figirmr ia ‑risylig“ Tmrm am figirmchóg jia risylig si iltaimg mafnrhzlns cngnchjns! cnln LJ9 ó S@M – ='
, Tmsn 2? Chermr ia ‑risylig“ cng am camui trhumjm Am igcrhtzmchóg si rimahm cng mafnrhzlns mshlèzrhcns cnln JSM n RSM' Si zrmgslhzi ia jncyligzn nrhfhgma x am ehrlm'
8
TKH
2'9 Cnltrnbmr ygm Ehrlm Jhfhzma Sh am cnltmrmchóg zhigi èphzn! smbilns }yi ia jncyligzn `m shjn ehrlmjn tnr ia ysymrhn M x }yi gn `m shjn lnjhehcmjn
=4
TKH
3' CIRZHEHCMJNS JHFHZMAIS Yg Cirzhehcmjn is yg jncy jncyli ligz gznn ilhzh ilhzhjn jn x ehrlm ehrlmjn jn jhfh jhfhzma zmali ligz gzii tnr tnr ygm ygm Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg }yi msnchm ia gnlbri jhszhgzhun ji ygm igzhjmj cng sy camui tÿbahcm jyrmgzi yg tirhnjn ji zhiltn' Sng jncyligzns jhfhzmais }yi shruig tmrm msifyrmr am uirmchjmj ji am Camui Tÿbahcm tirzigichigzi ma trnthizmrhn jia cirzhehcmjn ó ji am igzhjmj! cng am }yi si ehrlmg jhfhzmaligzi jncyligzns }yi tyijmg trntnrchngmr ams lís mbsnayzms fmrmgzìms ji sifyrhjmj' Is! tnr zmgzn! lyx hltnrzmgzi iszmr rimaligzi sifyrns ji }yi am Camui Tÿbahcm }yi lmgiomlns tmrm uirhehcmr ygm ehrlm n chermr yg zipzn! tirzigici rimaligzi m }yhig criilns }yi tirzigici' Sirìm giemszn chermr yg zipzn cngehjigchma cng ygm Camui Tÿbahcm ji mafyhig! }yi gn is gyiszrn hgzigchngmjn ricitznr' Sh an `hchèrmlns am tirsngm m }yhèg tirzigici am camui tÿbahcm cng am }yi an `ilns chermjn! tnjrìm cngncir tireiczmligzi ia cngzighjn ji iszi! sh zyuhirm mccisn ma zipzn chermjn' Ji am lhslm enrlm sh lmgioírmlns ygm camui tÿbahcm ji mafyhig }yi si `mci tmsmr tnr nzrn! shg tnjiran jiziczmr! tnjrìmlns znlmr ygm ehrlm ermyjyaigzm tnr uíahjm x criir }yi `m shjn rimahmjm tnr mafyhig }yi rimaligzi gn is }yhig jhci sir' Nzrn jmzn m zigir ig cyigzm is }yi yg cirzhehcmjn gn tyiji emashehcmrsi xm }yi umg ehrlmjns tnr am Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg' Sh mafÿg jmzn si lnjhehcmsi am ehrlm gn cnrristngjirìm cng ia risylig (`ms` }yi si nbzigjrìm ji ans jmzns lnjhehcmjns' Tnr zmgzn ma yzhahmran! ia snezvmri }yi ans fiszhngm jmrìm yg ligmoi ji hgumahji' Yg cirzhehcmjn iaiczróghcn cngzhigi ygm camui tÿbahcm! x ygm ehrlm jhfhzma' Am ehrlm jhfhzma ji yg cirzhehcmjn is sy hjigzhjmj iaiczróghcm! triuhmligzi myzigzhehcmjm x rifhszrmjm tnr am Myznrhjmj ji Rifhszrn! }yi is }yhig msifyrm ma jiszhgmzmrhn jia ligsmoi }yi èszi trnuhigi ieiczhumligzi ji yszij x }yi gn `m shjn emashehcmjn gh lmghtyamjn' Tnr an zmgzn shfyhigjn cng am iszryczyrm x ioiltans ji mtmrzmjns mgzirhnris gns tnjilns `mcir am shfyhigzi trifygzm? ¾Cóln tnjilns iszmr sifyrns ji }yi iszmlns iltaimgjn am camui tÿbahcm jia ysymrhn x gn am ji nzrn }yi tyijm sytamgzmrai> , Sh ia ysymrhn M iguìm sy camui tÿbahcm m B! mafyhig tnjrìm hgzircitzmr ia ligsmoi x sytamgzmrai , Mafyhig tnjrìm lnjhehcmr ams camuis tÿbahcms ig ia jhricznrhn Is gicismrhn cirzhehcmr }yi ygm camui tÿbahcm tirzigici m yg ysymrhn'
==
TKH
Tmrm sy cnrriczn eygchngmlhigzn! ans cirzhehcmjns cngzhigig am shfyhigzi hgenrlmchóg? •
•
•
•
•
Yg hjigzhehcmjnr jia trnthizmrhn jia cirzhehcmjn! }yi cngszm ji sy gnlbri! sys mtiaahjns! sy jhricchóg i,lmha! jmzns ji sy iltrism cnln ia gnlbri ji am nrfmghmchóg! jitmrzmligzn! ancmahjmj! trnuhgchm x tmìs! izc' Nzrn hjigzhehcmjnr ji }yhèg msifyrm sy umahji! }yi sirí ygm Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg' Jns eic`ms! ygm ji hghchn x nzrm ji ehg jia tirìnjn ji umahji jia cirzhehcmjn! is jichr! cyígjn yg cirzhehcmjn ilthim m sir uíahjn x cyígjn jiom ji siran! eic`m m tmrzhr ji am cyma am camui tÿbahcm }yi si hgcayxi ig èa! gn jibi yzhahmrsi tmrm chermr n ehrlmr' Yg hjigzhehcmjnr jia cirzhehcmjn n gÿlirn ji sirhi! }yi sirí ÿghcn tmrm cmjm cirzhehcmjn ilhzhjn tnr ygm lhslm Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg' Iszn is! hjigzhehcmrí hgi}yìuncmligzi m yg cirzhehcmjn erigzi m znjns ans cirzhehcmjns ji ism Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg' Ehrlm ji am Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg ji znjns ans cmltns jia cirzhehcmjn }yi msifyrm am myzigzhchjmj jia lhsln'
Iphszig umrhns enrlmzns ji cirzhehcmjn! ia lís ipzigjhjn is ia Cirzhehcmjn P'948!myg}yi iszm gn is am ÿghcm enrlm }yi tyijig znlmr ans cirzhehcmjns! cnln is ia cmsn ji TFT' Gn snan `mx iszígjmris tmrm ia enrlmzn ji ans cirzhehcmjns! zmlbhèg ans `mx tmrm sy snahchzyj! zrmgstnrzi x malmcigmlhigzn' Ans lís yzhahmjns sng ans TKCS 6 x TCKS =4' Ans cirzhehcmjns P'948 tirlhzig hgzircmlbhmr hgenrlmchóg igzri ysymrhns ji ygm enrlm sifyrm' Is am lionr enrlm ji myzigzhehcmr ans jmzns ig Hgzrmgizs.Ipzrmgizs x cnrrin iaiczróghcn' Iphszig siruhchns ji jhricznrhn (zhtn AJMT jngji si malmcigmg! m lnjn ji tífhgms mlmrhaams! ams camuis tÿbahcms ji ans ysymrhns }yi iszíg cirzhehcmjns tirlhzhigjn cnltrnbmr sy aifmahjmj x umahji' Ia P'948 is ia trnzncnan }yi lís si iszí ipzigjhigjn m am `nrm ji fmrmgzhmr ams cnlyghcmchngis sifyrms igzri rijis ji cnlyghcmchóg mbhirzm cnln Hgzirgiz! sifÿg am ricnligjmchóg ji am HZY,Z (Hgzirgmzhngma Ziaicnllyghcmzhng Yghng,Ziaicnllyghcmzhng Szmgjmrhmzhng Sicznr' Sy eygchóg trhgchtma is am ji fmrmgzhmr am hjigzhjmj ji ans tmrzhchtmgzis ig zrmgsmcchngis ig rijis mbhirzms! am hgzifrhjmj ji isms cnlyghcmchngis x am trhumchjmj x ia gn rityjhn ji ans ligsmois'
=2
TKH
3'= Ahszm ji riuncmchóg ji cirzhehcmjns Ams Ahszms ji Riuncmchóg ji Cirzhehcmjns (Cirzhehcmzi Riuncmzhng Ahszs! CRA! cnln sy trnthn gnlbri hgjhcm sng ahszms tybahcmjms tnr ams CM jngji si hgcayxig m}yiaans cirzhehcmjns }yi `mg shjn riuncmjns tmrm }yi ans cahigzis tyijmg cnltrnbmrams' Ans cahigzis ji jnlhghn tyijig nbzigir igzngcis iszm hgenrlmchóg x malmcigmram ancmaligzi tmrm yzhahmram cymgjn si uirheh}yig cirzhehcmjns' Ams cmysms tnr ams }yi si riuncm yg cirzhehcmjn tyijig sir umrhms! tirn am lís camrm mtmrici cymgjn si trnjyci am tirjhjm n cmtzyrm ji gyiszrm camui trhumjm' Tmrm ams CM is lyx hltnrzmgzi sir cmtm ji jiziczmr ans cirzhehcmjns cyxm cngehmgm iszè jyjnsm xm }yi cnltrnlizi ia ghuia ji cngehmgm }yi si tyiji zigir snbri ygm CM'
3'2 ¾Cóln si zrmbmom cng cirzhehcmjns> Sytngfmlns }yi yg ysymrhn Y= `m nbzighjn yg cirzhehcmjn ji ygm myznrhjmj ji cirzhehcmchóg cyma}yhirm x iguìm yg jncyligzn ehrlmjn m nzrn ysymrhn Y2' Iszi ysymrhn Y2 umahjmrí am ehrlm ji am shfyhigzi lmgirm?
=3
TKH
, , ,
Y2 nbzh nbzhig igii ia cirzhe cirzhehc hcmj mjnn jia jia Y=' Y=' Jia cirzhehc cirzhehcmjn mjn nbzig nbzighjn hjn cnfi cnfi am am camui camui tÿbah tÿbahcm cm ji Y= Y= x cng iaam umahjm umahjm am ehrlm' Cnln m`nrm ia Y2 zhigi am camui tÿbahcm ji Y=! Y2 tnjrí iguhmr ligsmois chermjns m Y=' Tmrm Tmrm uirhe uirhehcmr hcmr }yi am camui camui tÿbahcm tÿbahcm ji Y= is rimalig rimaligzi zi ji }yh }yhig ig jhci sir! si cnltrnbmrí cnltrnbmrí ig am CM }yi jhc`n jhc`n cirzhehcmjn is cnrriczn' cnrriczn'
Tirn is tnshbai }yi iphszm ygm oirmr}yìm ji CM! ji zma enrlm }yi ia trncisn ji umahjmchóg ji yg cirzhehcmjn hrí tmsmgjn jisji yg ysymrhn `mszm ygm CM zigfm sy cirzhehcmjn myznehrlmjn' Ia trncisn ji umahjmchóg ig iszm oirmr}yìm ji CM sirìm ia shfyhigzi?
=:
TKH
:' ¾]YÈ IS YGM TKH> Ygm hgermiszryczyrm ji camui tÿbahcm (tybahc,kix hgermszryzyri! TKH is yg cngoygzn ji mtahcmchngis x ji siruhchns }yi }yi gns tirlhzi yzhahmr am crhtznfrmeìm ji camui tÿbahcm (cirzhehcmjns ji ygm enrlm eícha x ieiczhum' TKH si bmsm ig am crhtznfrmeìm ji camui tÿbahcm! xm }yi ams trnthijmjis ji }yi fnm am crhtznfrmeìm ji camui tÿbahcm! cyxn ysn lís cnlÿg si tamslm ig am ehrlm jhfhzma! am cnguhirzig ig cmgjhjmzm hjima tmrm triszmr siruhchns cnln am myzigzhcmchóg ji ysymrhns (tmrm msifyrmrsi ji am hjigzhjmj ji yg ysymrhn! bhig cnln shfgmzmrhn ji jncyligzns n tmrm fmrmgzhmr ia mccisn m siruhchns jhszrhbyhjns ig rij! xm }yi sóan èa tyiji cngncir sy camui trhumjm! iuhzmgjn msì am sytamgzmchóg! ia gn rityjhn (tmrm hltijhr }yi ygm ui ehrlmjn yg jncyligzn ia shfgmzmrhn si rizrmczi n ghifyi `mbiran rijmczmjn! am hgzifrhjmj ji am hgenrlmchóg (tmrm triuighr am lnjhehcmchóg jiahbirmjm n mcchjigzma ji ans jmzns ehrlmjns! jyrmgzi sy zrmgstnrzi! malmcigmlhigzn n lmghtyamchóg! x ia mcyirjn ji camuis sicrizms tmrm fmrmgzhmr am cngehjigchmahjmj ji am hgenrlmchóg hgzircmlbhmjm' M`nrm bhig! ¾cóln tnjilns iszmr sifyrns ji }yi am camui tÿbahcm ji yg ysymrhn! }yi `ilns igcngzrmjn tnr ioiltan ig yg jhricznrhn n ygm tífhgm vib! cnrristngji rimaligzi m isi hgjhuhjyn x gn `m shjn emashehcmjm tnr nzrn> ¾Cóln ehmrgns ji ism camui tÿbahcm mgzis ji cngehmrai mafÿg sicrizn gyiszrn> Am snaychóg lís mltahmligzi mjntzmjm cngshszi ig ricyrrhr m ygm zircirm tmrzi cngehmbai! irhfhjm ig am ehfyrm ji ygm myznrhjmj ji cirzhehcmchóg (MC' Am eygchóg bíshcm ji ygm MC rishji ig uirhehcmr am hjigzhjmj ji ans snahchzmgzis ji cirzhehcmjns! crimr ans cirzhehcmjns x tybahcmr ahszms ji riuncmchóg cymgjn èszns sng hgyzhahmjns' Ia cirzhehcmjn cngzhigi ji enrlm iszryczyrmjm hgenrlmchóg mcircm ji am hjigzhjmj ji sy zhzyamr! sy camui tÿbahcm x am MC }yi an ilhzhó' Tnr an zmgzn ygm TKH si tyiji yzhahmr tmrm?
Fiszhóg ji camuis? gns tirlhzi crimr! riuhsmr n riuncmr camuis! msì cnln fiszhngmr ghuiais ji cngehmgm' Tybahcmchóg ji camuis ? ygm ui crimjms ams camuis! ia TKH tirlhzi jheygjhr gyiszrm camui tybahcm! msì cnln ancmahmr ams camuis tybahcms ji nzrns ysymrhns! oygzn cng sy iszmjn (camui riuncmjm! izc' Yzhahmchóg ji camuis? ygm ui ricytirmjm ygm camui! TKH emchahzm ia ysn ji am lhslm'
9' GICISHJMJ JI YGM TKH Am crht crhtzn znfr frme meìm ìm lijh lijhmg mgzi zi camu camuii tÿba tÿbahc hcm! m! ji tnr tnr sì! sì! gn bmsz bmszmm sh jisi jisiml mlns ns ritrnjychr ig yg lygjn iaiczróghcn ams cngjhchngis jia cnlirchn zrmjhchngma bmsmjn ig ia tmtia' Zmlbhèg gicishzmlns? • • •
Tnaìzhcms ji sifyrhjmj tmrm jiehghr ams rifams sifÿg ams cymais jibig eygchngmr Trnjyczns tmrm figirmr! malmcigmr x fiszhngmr ams camuis Trncijhlhigzns tmrm iszmbaicir cóln figirmr! jhszrhbyhr x iltaimr ams camuis x cirzhehcmjns =9
TKH Ig risylig? gicishzmlns ygm Hgermiszryczyrm ji Camui Tÿbahcm (TKH ' Am TKH trn trntnrc tnrchn hnggm ia lmrc lmrcnn ji mcch mcchóg óg tmrm tmrm yg mlt mltahn ahn cngo cngoyygzn gzn ji cnltngigzis! mtahcmchngis! tnaìzhcms x tríczhcms tmrm cnlbhgmr x nbzigir ams cymzrn eygc eygchn hngi giss trhgc trhgcht htmai maiss ji sifyr sifyrhj hjmj mj tmrm tmrm zrmgs zrmgsmcc mcchn hngi giss cnlir cnlirchm chmais ais!! ams zècg zècghcm hcmss crhtzn crhtznfrí fríehc ehcms! ms! ig jheirig jheirigzis zis cnlbhg cnlbhgmch mchngi ngiss umg m tirlhzh tirlhzhrr trnzif trnzifir ir am hgenrlmc hgenrlmchóg hóg lijhmgzi?
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Cngehjigchmahjmj? lmgzigir trhumjm am hgenrlmchóg Hgzifrhjmj? jilnszrmr }yi am hgenrlmchóg gn `m shjn lmghtyamjm Myzigzhehcmchóg? jilnszrmr am hjigzhjmj ji ygm tirsngm n mtahcmchóg Gn rityjhn? fmrmgzhmr }yi gn si tyiji ribmzhr am trnthijmj ji am hgenrlmchóg
Am emazm ji sifyrhjmj! m ligyjn! si chzm cnln ygm ji ams lmxnris zrmbms tmrm ia crichlhigzn jia cnlirchn iaiczróghcn! ia cyma sóan tyiji bmsmrsi ig am cngehmgm }yi trnciji ji smbir }yi znjms ams zrmgsmcchngis iszíg trnzifhjms tnr iszms eygchngis cigzrmais' Ma hfyma }yi cyma}yhir zicgnanfìm gyium x crìzhcm tmrm ia gifnchn! am iumaymchóg i hltailigzmchóg ji ygm snaychóg TKH is yg trncisn cnltahcmjn i hgzrhgcmjn! }yi ri}yhiri ygm byigm tamghehcmchóg! fiszhóg x fyìm camrm'
5 ' CNLTNGIGZIS JI YGM TKH Ygm Hgermiszryczyrm ji Camui Tÿbahcm (Tybahc Kix Hgermszryczyri ,TKH is ia lmrcn sybxmcigzi sybxmcigzi }yi tirlhzi }yi am zicgnanfìm ji camui tÿbahcm si tyijm hltamgzmr hltamgzmr ji yg lnjn ipzigsn! trntnrchngmgjn am bmsi cngehmbai gicismrhm tmrm am cnrristngjigchm iaiczróghcm igzri m}yiaans ysymrhns }yi gn tyijig hgzircmlbhmr lmgymaligzi sys camuis' Tnr an zmgzn! lijhmgzi am mjlhghszrmchóg ji ans cirzhehcmjns ji camuis tÿbahcms ji ygm TKH! si tyiji iszmbaicir x lmgzigir yg igznrgn ji rij sifyrn! tnshbhahzmgjn ia ysn ji siru siruhc hchn hnss ji cher chermj mjnn x! isti istich chma mali ligz gzi! i! ji ehrl ehrlmm jhf jhfhzma hzma ig ygm ygm mlta mltahm hm fmlm mlm ji mtahcmchngis' Ig igznrgns rimais! istichmaligzi ig m}yiaans }yi hgunaycrmg m ygm frmg jhuirshjmj ji iltrisms x cnlyghjmjis ji ysymrhns }yi zrmbmomg ji enrlm cngoygzm! igcngzrmlns ia trnb trnbail ailmm ji cóln cóln iszry iszrycz czyr yrmr mr ams riamc riamchn hngi giss igzr igzrii ams ams igzhj igzhjmj mjis is ji ans ans jhui jhuirs rsns ns jnlhghns hgunaycrmjns' Ji znjn iszn si jistrigji }yi ygm Hgermiszryczyrm ji Camui Tÿbahcm is ygm cnlbhgmchóg ji trnjyczns ji `mrjvmri x snezvmri! tnaìzhcms x trncijhlhigzns' Nerici am sifyrhjmj bíshcm ri}yirhjm tmrm aaiumr m cmbn gifnchns iaiczróghcns ji enrlm }yi ans ysymrhns! }yi gn si cngncig igzri sì! n iszíg lyx maiomjns igzri sì! tyijig cnlyghcmrsi cng sifyrhjmj m zrmuès ji ygm cmjigm ji cngehmgm' Am TKH si bmsm ig hjigzhjmjis =5
TKH jhfh jhfhzma zmais is cngn cngnchj chjms ms cnln cnln "cirz "cirzhe hehcm hcmjn jnss jhfh jhfhzma zmais is"! "! }yi }yi mczÿm mczÿmgg cnln cnln "tmsm "tmsmtn tnrzi rziss iaiczróghcns"! x uhgcyamg am ehrlm jhfhzma jia ysymrhn m sy camui tÿbahcm' Am hltamgzmchóg ji iszns siruhchns ji sifyrhjmj ig rijis sytngi yg cnszi mýmjhjn! zmgzn ig iailigzns mjhchngmais i hgcriligzn ji zríehcn ig am rij cnln ig ri}yirhlhigzns tmrm ams igzhjmjis }yi tmrzhchtmg ji iszns siruhchns! xm sim m cnszm ji `mrjvmri isticìehcn mjhchngma n m cnszm ji cmtmchjmj ji cíacyan ji sy trncismjnr' Am iumaymchóg jia cnszi ji am sifyrh sifyrhjmj jmj is ri}yhs ri}yhshzn hzn gicismr gicismrhn hn tmrm tmrm iszyjhm iszyjhmrr am uhmbha uhmbhahjm hjmjj icngó icngólhcm lhcm ji cmjm cmjm siruhchn sifÿg ams gicishjmjis ji ans ysymrhns'
Am TKH jibi cngszmr ji? • • • • •
Tnaìzhcm ji Sifyrhjmj Jicamrmchóg ji Tríczhcm ji Cirzhehcmjns Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg (CM Myznrhjmj ji Rifhszrn (RM Shszilm ji Jhszrhbychóg ji Cirzhehcmjns
5'= Tnaìzhcm ji Sifyrhjmj Ygm tnaìzhcm ji sifyrhjmj iszmbaici x jiehgi am jhricchóg ji líphln ghuia ghu ia ji ygm nrfmgh nrfmghmchó mchógg snbri snbri sifyrh sifyrhjmj jmj ji hgenrl hgenrlmchó mchóg! g! msì cnln cnln ans trncisns x trhgchthns tmrm ia ysn ji am crhtznfrmeìm' Tnr an figirma! hgcayxi jicamrmchngis snbri cóln fiszhngmrí am iltrism ams camuis x am hgenrlmchóg umahnsm! x iszmbaicirí ia ghuia ji cngzrna ri}yirhjn tmrm merngzmr ans ghuiais ji rhisfn'
5'2 Jicamrmchóg ji Tríczhcm ji Cirzhehcmjns (CTS Mafygn Mafygnss shszilm shszilmss ji TKH si fiszhn fiszhngmg gmg lijhmgz lijhmgzii Myznrh Myznrhmjn mjnris ris ji Cirzhehcmjns Cnlirchmais (CCM n Zircirms Tmrzis Sifyrms! x! tnr an zmgzn! ri}y ri}yhi hiri rigg yg CTS' CTS' Èszi szi is yg jncyli cyliggzn ig ia }yi si jizm jizmaa aamg mg ans ans trncijhlhigzns ntirmzhuns snbri cóln ioicyzmr am tnaìzhcm ji sifyrhjmj x cóln mtahcmram ig am tríczhcm' Tnr an figirma! hgcayxi jiehghchngis snbri cóln si cngszryxig x ntirmg ans CM! cóln si ilhzig! mcitzmg x riuncmg cirzhehcmjns! x cóln si figirmg! rifhszrmg x cirzhehcmg ams camuis! jógji si malmcigmg x cóln si tngig m jhstnshchóg ji ans ysymrhns'
5'2'= Lmrcn aifma •
Istmýna? RJ =:.=888 ji =6 ji Sitzhilbri
=6
TKH •
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•
•
•
Ans iszmjns lhilbrns jibig fmrmgzhmr }yi risticzn m ygns jmzns myzigzhehcmjns lijhmgzi ia ysn ji ehrlms iaiczróghcms si msyli! Ans jmzns gn `mg syerhjn mazirmchóg mafygm jisji am eic`m ji am ehrlm iaiczróghcm' Am ehrlm iaiczróghcm `mci rieirigchm m am ehrlm ji am tirsngm nrhfhgmrhm' Iszm tirsngm figiró am ehrlm iaiczróghcm cng am hgzigchóg ji ehrlmr ans jmzns' Snaychóg? Shszilms crhtznfríehcns ji aamuis mshlèzrhcms' Iszmjn ehgma ? Trntyiszm tmrm ia Tmramligzn Tmramligzn x ia Cngsion Cngsion Iyrntin CNL(=880 =86 Ehgma'
Iyrntin ?
1`zzt?..vvv'hstn'cic'bi.ihe.tnahcx.cnl80286'`zla7 Ieiczns Ieiczns Aifmais Aifmais? Ans iszmjns lhilbrns jibig fmrmgzhmr
}yi risticzn m ygns jmzns myzigzhehcmjns lijhmgzi ia ysn ji ehrlms iaiczróghcms si msyli! Ans jmzns gn `mg syerhjn mazirmchóg mafygm jisji am eic`m ji am ehrlm iaiczróghcm' Am ehrlm iaiczróghcm `mci rieirigchm m am ehrlm ji am tirsngm nrhfhgmrhm' Iszm tirsngm figiró am ehrlm iaiczróghcm cng am hgzigchóg ji ehrlmr ans jmzns'
5'3 Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg (CM Ygm myznrhjmj ji cirzhehcmjns (Cirzhehcmzi Myz`nrhzxl! CM is ygm igzhjmj n siruhchn }yi ilhzi cirzhehcmjns' Ia shszilm ji CM is am bmsi ji cngehmgm ji ygm TKH! xm }yi fiszhngm ans cirzhehcmjns ji camui tÿbahcm jyrmgzi znjm sy uhjm' Ia trnbailm }yi si tamgzim m`nrm is? sh am Myznrhjmj Cirzhehcmjnrm mumam ans jmzns jia cirzhehcmjn cirzhehcmjn ¾]yhèg mumam m am myznrhjmj Cirzhehcmjnrm>' Cirzhehcmjnrm>' Tmrm snau snauig igzmr zmr iszn iszn si `mg `mg crimj crimjnn ygm ygm sirhi sirhi ji igzhj igzhjmj mjis is myzn myznrh rhmj mjms ms m ilhzhr ilhzhr cirzhehcmjns! ji zma enrlm }yi èszms m sy ui sng mumamjms tnr nzrms igzhjmjis ji lmxnr cngehmgm! `mszm aaifmr m am cmbim ji am oirmr}yìm! ig am }yi ehfyrmg ygms tncms igzhjmjis ji ricngnchjn triszhfhn x cngehmgm! cnln Uirhshfg! }yi si myznehrlmg sy cirzhehcmjn' Cmjm cirzhehcmjn ilhzhjn tnr ygm MC jibi iszmr ehrlmjn tnr ygm MC ji lmx lmxnr frmj frmjnn ig ia is}y is}yil ilmm oirí oirír} r}yh yhcn cn ji myzn myznrh rhjm jmji jiss cirz cirzhe hehc hcmj mjnr nrms ms!! enrlígjnsi msì ygm cmjigm ji cirzhehcmjns! ig ans }yi ygms MC si mumamg m nzrms `mszm aaifmr m am MC sytirhnr! }yi si mumam m sì lhslm' Am oirmr}yìm ji ehrlms x am cmjigm cng iaam enrlmjm iszíg cngziltamjms ig ia iszígjmr P'948 u3! }yi hgjhcm am enrlm cnrriczm ji rimahmr iszms cmjigms ji cirzhehcmchngis' Ia cirzhehcmjn Jhfhzma uhgcyam tyis hgjhsnaybailigzi m ygm tirsngm n igzhjmj cng ygm aamui tÿbahcm! x lijhmgzi ia shszilm ji ehrlm jhfhzma si msifyrm =0
TKH }yi ia cirzhehcmjn }yi richbhlns is rimaligzi ji am tirsngm }yi cngszm ig ia lhsln' Ia shszilm ji ehrlm jhfhzma ahfm yg jncyligzn jhfhzma cng ygm camui ji chermjn' Ig risylig si tyiji jichr }yi am CM ? •
• •
Ilhzi cirzhehcmjns uhgcyamgjn am hjigzhjmj ji yg ysymrhn n shszilm m ygm camui tÿbahcm cng ygm ehrlm jhfhzma Trnfrmlm ams eic`ms ig am }yi ipthrmg ans cirzhehcmjns Fmrmgz Fmrmgzhm hm }yi ans cirzhehc cirzhehcmjn mjnss si riuncmg riuncmg cymgjn cymgjn sim gicismrh gicismrhn! n! tybahcmgjn Ahszmjns ji Riuncmchóg ji Cirzhehcmjns (CRA'
Ma hltamgzmr ygm TKH! ygm nrfmghmchóg tyiji lmgiomr sy trnthn shszilm ji CM! n iltaimr ia siruhchn ji CM ji yg CM Cnlirchma n Zircirm Tmrzi Sifyrm'
Myznrhjmj
Snx PPP x iszm is lh camui tÿbahcm
PPP
Cirzhehcmjn (Zmroizm ji Hjigzhehcmchóg Jhfhzma
Ysymrhn
5'3'= Oirmr}yìm ji myznrhjmjis ji cirzhehcmjns Ia cngcitzn ji oirmr}yìm ji cirzhehcmjns tnjrìm jichrsi }yi mtmrici cng ia cngcitzn ji iltrism' Sh ig ygm iltrism cng chigzns ji zrmbmomjnris! znjns x cmjm ygn ji ans iltaimjns snahchzmsi yg cirzhehcmjn m ygm CM rmì! sytngjrìm yg eyirzi fmszn tmrm am iltrism' Am snaychóg sirìm }yi iszm iltrism figirmsi sys trnthns cirzhehcmjns! is jichr! }yi sim sy trnthm CM tmrm sys iltaimjns' Iszms ti}yiýms CM jibiríg ilhzhr cirzhehcmjns tnr ygm CM ji yg ghuia lís mazn! msì `mszm }yi si aaifyi m ygm CM cyxn cirzhehcmjn iszi myznehrlmjn x ji am cyma si zigfm znzma cngehmgm' Iszn is an }yi si jignlhgm ygm TKH'
=8
TKH
5'3'2 Mafygms myznrhjmjis ji cirzhehcmchóg Mafygms ji ams frmgjis CM cnlirchmais lms hltnrzmgzis sng? , Z`mvzi Cngsyazhgf' Cngsyazhgf' Trnuiijnr hgzirgmchngma ji cirzhehcmjns jhfhzmais , UirhShgf UirhShgf'' Ygm ji ams trhlirms CM' Trntnrchngm zmgzn cirzhehcmjns ji cahigzi cnln ji siruhjnr , Biashgf? Trhgchtma trnuiijnr iyrntin ji cirzhehcmjns jhfhzmais' , FZI CxbirZrysz? ygm CM cng bmsi ig Iszmjns Yghjns , Cirzhshfg Cirzhehcmzhng Jhfhzma Azjm'Myznrhjmj ji cirzhehcmchóg brmshaiým , Siruhchns ji tybahcmchóg ji Hgzirgiz' Myznrhjmj ji cirzhehcmjns tmrm Istmým x Syjmlèrhcm' , Smeiamxir Smeiamxir'' Nzrm lms! tirn mafn aigzm , MCI CM istmýnam , EISZI CM istmýnam , EGLZ CM ji am eíbrhcm gmchngma ji lngijm x zhlbri'
24
TKH
5'3'3 Lmrcn aifma Iyrntin (Jhriczhum CM • ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦
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Ri}yhshzns ji ans trnuiijnris ji cirzhehcmchóg (Mgipn HH Jibi sir ehmbai Tirsngma zècghcn mjicymjn Shszilms zicgnanfhcmligzi cngehmbais Syehchigzis ricyrsns ehgmgchirns Cngsirumchóg ji am hgenrlmchóg riamzhum m ans cirzhehcmjns ilhzhjns tmrm tnszirhnris hguiszhfmchngis (jyrmgzi yg zhiltn rmngmbai Hgenrlmchóg riamzhum ma ysn cnrriczn ji ans cirzhehcmjns x iszmbaicir ia trncijhlhigzn tmrm ricamlmchngis x risnaychóg ji jhstyzms' Tybahcmchóg ji hgenrlmchóg riamzhums m? Trncijhlhigzns yzhahmjns Zèrlhgns x cngjhchngis cngzrmczymais Ristngsmbhahjmj Trncijhlhigzns ji ricamlmchóg x risnaychóg ji jhstyzms
5': Myznrhjmj ji Rifhszrn (RM Cng ia zhiltn! ygm myznrhjmj ji cirzhehcmchóg tyiji uirsi eíchaligzi jisbnrjmjm sh cybri yg írim finfríehcm lyx ipzigsm n lyx tnbamjm! tnr an }yi m ligyjn jiaifm ig ams aamlmjms myznrhjmjis ji rifhszrn (MR am ambnr ji uirhehcmr am hjigzhjmj ji ans snahchzmgzis' Ams MR tyijig mbrhr lyazhzyj ji nehchgms rifhngmais jhstirsms tnr yg frmg zirrhznrhn! aaifmgjn `mszm ans ysymrhns ig ans shzhns lís rilnzns! lhigzrms }yi am MC si ahlhzmrìm msì m cirzhehcmr m znjns ans ysymrhns mcitzmjns tnr ams MR jitigjhigzis ji iaam' Frmchms m iszm jiscigzrmahmchóg si mfhahm ia trncisn ji cirzhehcmchóg x si myligzm am iehcmchm ig am fiszhóg ji snahchzyjis' Ygm RM trntnrchngm ia hgzirem igzri ia ysymrhn x ia CM' Cmtzyrm x myzigzhehcm am hjigzhjmj ji ans ysymrhns x igzrifm am snahchzyj ji cirzhehcmjn ma CM' CM' Am cmahj cmahjmj mj ji iszi iszi trnc trncis isnn ji myzig myzigzhe zhehcm hcmchó chógg iszmb iszmbaic aicii ia ghui ghuiaa ji cngehmgm }yi tyiji nznrfmrsi m ans cirzhehcmjns' Ig jiehghzhum! ygm TKH hgcayhrí ygm n umrhms myznrhjmjis ji rifhszrn tmrm cirzhehcmr am hjigzhjmj ji ans ysymrhns; ygm n umrhms myznrhjmjis ji cirzhehcmchóg }yi ilhzmg ans cirzhehcmjns ji camui tÿbahcm; yg ritnshznrhn ji cirzhehcmjns! mccishbai uìm vib y nzrn lijhn! jngji si malmcigig ans cirzhehcmjns; ams ahszms ji riun riuncm cmch chóg óg ji cirz cirzhe hehc hcmj mjns ns (CRA (CRA! ! jngj jngjii si ahsz ahszmg mg ans ans cirz cirzhe hehc hcmj mjns ns systigjhjns n riuncmjns; x! tnr sytyiszn! ans trnthns cirzhehcmjns'
2=
TKH
5'9 Shszilm ji Jhszrhbychóg ji Cirzhehcmjns Ans cirzhehcmjns si tyijig jhszrhbyhr ji umrhms enrlms! jitigjhigjn ji am iszryczyrm jia igznrgn TKH' Si tyijig jhszrhbyhr! tnr ioiltan! tnr ans trnthns ysymrhns n m zrmuès ji yg siruhchn ji jhricznrhns' Tyiji }yi xm iphszm yg siruhjnr ji jhricznrhns jigzrn ji ygm nrfmghmchóg! n si tyiji sylhghszrmr ygn cnln tmrzi ji am snaychóg TKH'
6' MAFYGMS UIGZMOMS JI AM HGERMISZRYCZYRM HGERMISZRYCZYRM TKH ,Ams camuis gn uhmomg m zrmuès ji am rij jisji ia cahigzi ma siruhjnr! jmjn }yi ans cirzhehcmjns cngszhzyxig hgenrlmchóg tÿbahcm' ,Nerici lionris lijhns tmrm hjigzhehcmr ma ysymrhn xm }yi ans cirzhehcmjns cirzhehcmjns cngzhigig cngzhigig hgenrlmchóg hgenrlmchóg uirhehcmbai uirhehcmbai riamchngmjm riamchngmjm cng am hjigzhjmj jia ysymrhn! an cyma gn ncyrri ig am myzigzhcmchóg bmsmjm ig jhricchóg HT jia i}yhtn jia ysymrhn! ig gnlbri ji jnlhghn n ig jhricchóg ji lmha! jmjn }yi ams jhricchngis HT tyijig sir jhgílhcms! x ans gnlbris ji jnlhghn x jhricchngis ji lmha tyijig sir isthmjms''' ,Ans cirzhehcmjns bmsmjns ig zicgnanfìm ji camui tÿbahcm trnuiig yg licmghsln ji myzigzhcmchóg lís eyirzi' Sóan ia ysymrhn cngnci am enrlm ji mccijir m sy camui trhumjm' ,Shltahehcmchóg ig am mjlhghszrmchóg x jhslhgychóg ji cnszns'
0' MAFYGMS JIBHAHJMJIS JI AM HGERMISZRYCZYRM TKH Iphszig mafygns cyiszhngmlhigzns }yi si rimahmg m iszm hgermiszryczyrm? ,Am sifyrhjmj ji yg shszilm bmsmjn ig CM cngshszi ig umrhns isambngis! mafygns ji ans cymais gn sng crhtznfríehcns? am figzi zmlbhèg enrlm tmrzi ji iszm hgermiszryczyrm' ,Yg cngeahczn }yi tirlmgici shg risnauir is am sifyrhjmj ji am camui trhumjm cng risticzn ma malmcigmlhigzn ji am lhslm' ]yi yg iltaimjn fymrji sy camui trhumjm ig ygm TC risyazm yg `ic`n rhisfnsn tmrzhigjn ji am bmsi ji }yi ism TC tyiji sir yzhahmjm tnr umrhns lhilbrns ji am nehchgm' Cnln snaychóg syrfi am mtmrhchóg ji ams slmrz cmrjs x igzngcis m`nrm am sifyrhjmj ji am camui trhumjm tmsmrí m jitigjir ji am sifyrhjmj ji iszns jhstnshzhuns' Gn tyiji fmrmgzhmrsi ia `ic`n ji }yi ygm camui trhumjm sirí ÿghcmligzi yzhahmjm tnr sy jyiýn
8' TRNBAILÍZHCM JI AM HLTAMGZMCHÓG JI TKH Ans lmxnris nbszícyans m ans }yi si `mg igerigzmjn ams iltrisms thngirms ig am hlta hl tamg mgzmc zmchó hógg ji snay snaychn chngi giss TKH TKH tmrm tmrm sys sys gicis gicishj hjmj mjis is ji gifnc gifnchn hn iaicz iaiczró rógh ghcn cn (i, Byshgiss `mg shjn zrmjhchngmaligzi? •
Am emazm ji hgzirntirmbhahjmj! xm }yi ia lirn `ic`n ji ciýhrsi ma iszígjmr P'948' P'948'u3 u3 gn fmrmgz fmrmgzhm hm ig mbsnay mbsnayzn zn }yi jns cirzhehc cirzhehcmjn mjnss figirmj figirmjns ns tnr jns shszi shszilm lmss jismr jismrrn rnaam aamjn jnss tnr tnr cmsms cmsms jhsz jhszhg hgzms zms simg simg ly lyzy zyml mlig igzi zi cnlt cnltmzh mzhba bais' is' Mjilís! iphszig trnbailms ji cngehmgm igzri MC ji jhszhgzms nrfmghmchngis! }yi tyiji hltnshbhahzmr am uirhehcmchóg cng èphzn ji cmjigms ji cirzhehcmchóg 22
TKH
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cyxm MC rmì sim jiscngnchjm n gn cngehmbai! cngehmbai! hgumahjígjns hgumahjígjnsii znjn ia is}yilm is}yilm ji TKH' Ia cnszi `m shjn yg trnbailm jisji ia trhgchthn' Ma gn iphszhr yg lircmjn syehchigziligzi lmjyrn ig TKH! cmjm iltrism }yi nerici snaychngis ji camui tÿbahcm zmrhehcm ig eygchóg ji crhzirhns jhuirsns (tnr cirzhehcmjn! tnr ysn ji cirzhehcmjn! tnr siruhjnris hgszmamjns!''' x cnbrm `ngnrmrhns zmlbhèg jhstmris! ji lmgirm }yi am hguirshóg ig TKH cnln ristyiszm m ams gicishjmjis ji sifyrhjmj x mccishbhahjmj m ans mczhuns hgenrlízhcns ji am iltrism tyiji risyazmr cymgjn ligns hgistirmjmligzi iaiumjm' TKH zirlhgm trisigzmgjn trnbailms ji iscmambhahjmj! cymgjn ia gÿlirn ji cirzhehcmjns ilhzhjns m ans ysymrhns um crichigjn! jibhjn m }yi ams ahszms ji riuncmchóg jibig sir cngsyazmjms ig cmjm ntirmchóg }yi hgunaycri cirzhehcmjns x ehrlms jhfhzmais! sh si jisim ygm hltamgzmchóg sirhm x rnbyszm ji TKH' Bhig is chirzn }yi ia is}yilm ji cngehmgm uirzhcma! trnlyafmjn tnr ams iszryczyrms ji cirzheh cirzhehcmch cmchóg óg ig írbna! írbna! risyazm risyazm lís iscmamb iscmambai ai }yi ans lnj lnjian ianss ji cngehmg cngehmgm m `nrhngzma! cnln ia mjntzmjn tnr TFT! cyxm trnbailízhcm is zmg sirhm }yi gn si triuè snaychóg smzhsemcznrhm' Ehgmaligzi! am zicgnanfìm TKH si ai mgznom yg zmgzn isnzèrhcm ma ysymrhn ehgma! }yi gn zirlh zirlhgm gmgg ji igzig igzigjir jir jia jia znjn znjn am oirfm oirfm riamc riamchn hngm gmjm' jm' Mcns Mcnszy zylb lbrmj rmjnn m myzigzhcmrsi shg lís }yi hgzrnjychr sy gnlbri x cngzrmsiým! tyiji sigzhrsi eíchaligzi ribmsmjn tnr am cnltaiohjmj zicgnaófhcm ji ams ehrlms jhfhzmais x jilís eygchngis crhtznfríehcms' Tnr jilís! ig am lijhjm ig }yi gn si hgszmyrig ams ams zmro zmroiz izms ms c`ht c`ht!! cngz cngzrn rnai aiss bhnl bhnlèz èzrh rhcn cnss x nzrn nzrnss jhst jhstns nshz hzhu huns ns shlh shlham amri riss crhtznfríehcmligzi rnbyszns! ia trnbailm ji ans ysymrhns mgnzmgjn sy cngzrmsiým (ig iszi cmsn tmrm mccijir m sy camui trhumjm trhumjm ig yg tnsz,hz tnsz,hz tifmjn ig ia lnghznr tirshszhrí tnr lyc`n zhiltn'
=4' TMSNS TMRM IUMAYMR SNAYCHNGIS JI TKH =4'= Eaiphbhahjmj Is isigchma }yi znjns ans cnltngigzis ji ygm TKH simg cnltmzhbais! xm }yi }yi is hl hltr trnb nbmb mbai ai }yi }yi znjn znjnss trnu trnuig igfm fmgg ji yg ÿghc ÿghcnn trnu trnuii iijn jnr' r' Tnr Tnr ioiltan! ia CM jibirí tnjirsi hgzircngiczmr cng ans shszilms iphszigzis! cnln siruhjnris ji jhricznrhns hgszmamjns triuhmligzi ig am nrfmghmchóg' Am TKH jibi iltaimr hgziremcis iszígjmr mbhirzns cnln AJMT x P'944 (JMT tmrm fmrmgzhmr }yi tyiji eygchngmr cng znjns ans siruhjnris ji jhricznrhns }yi cyltaig ans iszígjmris' Mshlhsln! lyc`ms nrfmghmchngis si `mg jicmgzmjn tnr trnuiijnris ji zmroizms hgziahfigzis x lójyans ji sifyrhjmj ji `mrjvmri (@SL' Zmlbhèg ig iszi cmsn! ans hgziremcis iszígjmr! cnln ia TKCS#== (Crxtznkh! am TKH zhigi am eaiphbhahjmj gicismrhm tmrm eygchngmr cng ygm mltahm fmlm ji siýmais ji sifyrhjmj' Ig lyc`ns shszilms ji TKH! ia rifhszrn is gicismrhn `mcir ia rifhszrn cmrm m cmrm! tmrm trntnrchngmr ia ghuia gicismrhn ji cngehmgm' Shg ilbmrfn! zma ui iszn gn sim shiltri mtrnthmjn! tnr an }yi is tnshbai }yi si gicishzi yg 23
TKH rifhszrn jisji yg tygzn rilnzn' Am TKH jibi tirlhzhr m ans ysymrhns snahchzmr cirzheh cirzhehcmjn cmjnss m zrmuès zrmuès jia cnrrin cnrrin iaiczró iaiczróghc ghcn! n! iltaimg iltaimgjn jn yg byscmj byscmjnr nr vib iszígjmr! n myznlízhcmligzi m zrmuès ji jhstnshzhuns ji cnlyghcmchóg ig rij tmrm UTG' Tmrm mafygms hltailigzmchngis m frmg iscmam! ans cirzhehcmjns jibig ilhz ilhzhr hrsi si tnr tnr anzi anzis! s! tnr tnr ioil ioilta tan! n! tmrm tmrm zmro zmroiz izms ms ji bmgc bmgcnn n jncy jncyli ligz gzns ns gmchngmais ji hjigzhjmj' Ig isns cmsns! am TKH iphfi am eaiphbhahjmj ji yg trncisn myznlmzhmjn ji RM uhgcyamjn m am bmsi ji jmzns ji zmroizms'
=4'2 Sigchaai ji lmgion Myg}yi ans trhgchthns cng ans }yi eygchngm yg shszilm ji TKH tyijig sir cnltahcmjns! sy fiszhóg gn jibi siran' Am TKH jibi tirlhzhr m tirsngma gn istichmahmjn! cnln mjlhghszrmjnris cnlirchmais! lmgiomram cng cngehmgm' Iszn Isznss ntir ntirmj mjnr nris is gn zhigi zhigigg tnr tnr }yè }yè igzig igzigji jirr ams cnlt cnltahc ahcmch mchng ngis is ji ans ans mafnrhzlns crhtznfríehcns! camuis x ehrlms' Jibi risyazmr zmg eícha cnln tyasmr hcngns x jiomr m am mtahcmchóg ji snezvmri }yi si igcmrfyi jia riszn' Ia hgzirem jibi sir fríehcn i hgzyhzhun! mxyjmgjn m am zmrim ji fiszhóg! ig ayfmr ji jhehcyazmram cng cnltaions rifhszrns ji am bmsi ji jmzns' Am eaiphbhahjmj x sigchaai ji lmgion mtnrzmríg yg frmg rigjhlhigzn m am hguirshóg ig yg shszilm ji TKH! xm }yi ritircyzig ig msticzns cnln am enrlmchóg! ia lmgzighlhigzn! am cngehfyrmchóg jia shszilm! am hgzifrmchóg x! tnr sytyiszn! ia eyzyrn crichlhigzn ig ia gÿlirn ji ysymrhns' Iszns msticzns tyijig iaiumr ia cnszi ji ygm TKH lyx tnr igchlm jia cnszi hghchma ji hltailigzmchóg x! tnr an zmgzn! si jibig iszyjhmr mzigzmligzi ig am emsi ji iumaymchóg' Sntnrzi tmrm am Tnaìzhcm ji Sifyrhjmj ji ygm Nrfmghmchóg Am TKH si iszí cnguhrzhigjn ig yg iailigzn hltrischgjhbai ig ams iszryczyrms ji sifyrhjmj ji ams iltrisms x znjn CM jibi sir cmtm ji rieaiomr i hltamgzmr am tnaìzhcm ji sifyrhjmj ji am nrfmghmchóg' Tnr iszi lnzhun! yg shszilm ji TKH bmsmjn ig tnaìzhcms is crìzhcn tmrm fmrmgzhmr }yi ia trncisn ji fiszhóg ji cirzhehcmjns rieaiom cng trichshóg ans tmtiais ji ans Ntirmjnris ji CM x RM x ji ans ysymrhns ji cirzhehcmjns' Tnr ioil ioilta tan! n! ia Ntir Ntirmj mjnr nr ji CM tyij tyijii jich jichjh jhrr jiai jiaifm fmrr am riun riuncm cmch chóg óg ji cirzhehcmjns ji ysymrhns ehgmais ig ans Ntirmjnris ji RM! ma zhiltn }yi rizhigi ia jiric`n ji riuncmchóg ji ans cirzhehcmjns ji ans Ntirmjnris ji RM'
=4'3 Mltahmbhahjmj M lijhjm }yi ygm nrfmghmchóg iltaim x jitigji cmjm ui lís ji am TKH! is isigchma }yi jhc`n shszilm TKH tyijm mltahmrsi tmrm mjmtzmrsi m sy crichlhigzn' Hghchmaligzi! ygm TKH sóan tyiji sntnrzmr ygm snam mtahcmchóg'
2:
TKH Shg ilbmrfn! jibi zigir am syehchigzi uirsmzhahjmj cnln tmrm sntnrzmr lís mtahcmchngis m lijhjm }yi mtmricig ig aìgim' Zmlbhèg jibi sir tnshbai mýmjhr cnltngigzis ji CM x RM mjhchngmais tmrm sntnrzmr yg gÿlirn crichigzi ji cirzhehcmjns m lijhjm }yi crici am TKH' Mshl Mshlhsl hsln! n! is tnshb tnshbai ai }yi }yi si gici gicishz shzig ig jhui jhuirsn rsnss zht zhtns ns ji cirz cirzheh hehcmj cmjns ns x licmghslns ji rifhszrns! m lijhjm }yi am TKH si mltaìi tmrm hgcayhr gyiuns siruhchns'
=4': Cnltmzhbhahjmj Am zicgnanfìm ji TKH mÿg si igcyigzrm ig emsi ji jismrrnaan x risyazm jheìcha trijichr cng chirzn frmjn ji mchirzn ans ysns x ri}yhshzns eyzyrns tmrm ans shszilms ji TKH' Ans iszígjmris tmrm TKH mÿg iszíg iunaychngmgjn x! ig mafygns cmsns! gn iphszig znjmuìm' Tnr an zmgzn! tmrm trnzifir am hguirshóg x iuhzmr eyzyrns trnbailms ji cnltmzhbhahjmj! is eygjmligzma crimr ygm TKH }yi sim znzmaligzi mbhirzm x cngszryhjm tmrm cyltahr ans iszígjmris cnlirchmais lís cnlygis x mumgmjns' Iszn jibi iszyjhmrsi ig am emsi ji jhsiýn! tmrm fmrmgzhmr ygm hgzifrmchóg mrlnghnsm cng ia riszn ji am hgermiszryczyrm ji HZ'
==' AM SIFYRHJMJ JIA CM.RM Ans Ans shszi shszilm lmss ji CM.R CM.RM M si igcy igcyig igzrm zrmgg ig ia gÿcai gÿcainn ji cyma cyma}y }yhir hir TKH' TKH' Am sifyrhjmj ji iszns shszilms is ji trhlnrjhma hltnrzmgchm x sh si tngi ig igzrijhc`n! cnrrirí tiahfrn znjm am snaychóg TKH'
Ig tmrzhcyamr! am TKH jibi fmrmgzhmr an shfyhigzi? Am camui trhumjm jia CM jibi shzymrsi ig yg lójyan ji sifyrhjmj m tryibm ji lmgh lmghty tyamc amchn hngi giss x si jibig jibig rimah rimahmr mr cnth cnthms ms ji sifyrh sifyrhjm jmjj tmrm tmrm am ricyt ricytir irmch mchóg óg ji jismszris' Ia mccisn m am CM x m am RM jibi uhfhamrsi lyx mzigzmligzi! tnr ioiltan! iltaimgjn zmroizms hgziahfigzis tmrm fmrmgzhmr ygm lionr myzigzhehcmchóg ji ysymrhns' Zmlbhèg jibi sir tnshbai cngehfyrmr ia trncisn ji fiszhóg ji cirzhehcmjns ji enrlm }yi yg ntirmjnr jibm myznrhmr ams snahchzyjis ji cirzhehcmchóg' Znjms ams snahchzyjis ji cirzhehcmchóg jibig ehrlmrsi jhfhzmaligzi cng lijhmgzi ygm eyirzi myzigzhehcmchóg crhtznfríehcm tmrm jiziczmr i hltijhr m ans thrmzms hgenrlízhcns }yi figirig jiahbirmjmligzi cirzhehcmjns emasns' Znjms ams mcchngis aaiumjms m cmbn tnr 29
TKH ia shszilm ji CM.RM jibig rifhszrmrsi ig yg rifhszrn ji myjhznrìm sifyrn! ig ia }yi cmjm igzrmjm zigfm mshfgmjm ygm eic`m.`nrm x richbm ygm ehrlm! tmrm msifyrmr }yi ams igzrmjms gn tyijig emashehcmrsi' Am CM jibi sir mtrnbmjm x uirhehcmjm tnr yg nrfmghsln hgjitigjhigzi! tnr ioiltan ma ligns `mszm HZSIC I2! tirn trieirhbailigzi `mszm HZSIC I3 (Crhzirhns ji Iumaymchóg ji Sifyrhjmj ji Zicgnanfìm ji am Hgenrlmchóg' HZSIC is yg iszígjmr fanbma ricngnchjn tmrm am lijhchóg ji trnjyczns ji sifyrhjmj x am iumaymchóg I3 ritrisigzm ia lmxnr ghuia ji sifyrhjmj cnlirchma ji `nx jìm'
=2' MTAHCMCHNGIS @MBHAHZMJMS TNR TKH Ygm TKH is yg lijhn tmrm cngsifyhr yg ehg! }yi trntnrchngm ia lmrcn ji sifyrhjmj cng ia }yi si tyijig jhszrhbyhr ams mtahcmchngis `mbhahzmjms tnr TKH tmrm nbzigir uigzmoms ehgmais' Mafygns ioiltans ji mtahcmchngis tyijig sir? • • • • •
Cnlyghcmchngis igzri siruhjnris x byscmjnris ji Hgzirgiz Cnrrin iaiczróghcn Hgzircmlbhn Iaiczróghcn ji Jmzns (IJH Zrmgsmcchngis cng zmroizm ji crèjhzn ig Hgzirgiz Rijis Trhumjms Uhrzymais (UTG
=3' IOILTANS JI MTAHCMCHNGIS JI TKH Am TKH risyazm hjima ig ygm hgzrmgiz! ig am }yi si cnltmrzig jncyligzns (zrmbmon ig frytn! si mcciji m ricyrsns ji rij (cíacyan! siruhjnris ji mrc`huns! bmsis ji jmzns! izc'! si hgzircmlbhm cnrrin cirzhehcmjn igzri ans iltaimjns! izc' TKH risyazm lyc`n lís ífha }yi ans shszilms zrmjhchngmais ji cngzrna bmsmjns ig gnlbri x cngzrmsiým x ahszms ji cngzrna ji mccisn' Ig ia cmsn ji ipzrmgizs n ji Hgzirgiz! TKH is ji ysn nbahfmjn' Ji `ic`n! is am ÿghcm enrlm cngnchjm mczymaligzi ji triszmr cngehmgm m ans mcznris ji ams riamchngis ziai ziailí lízhc zhcms ms }yi }yi gn si cngn cngnci cigg igzri igzri iaans iaans!! zmgzn zmgzn ig ia byshg byshgiss iss,z ,zn, n,by byshg shgis isss igzri igzri iltr iltrism isms! s! cnln cnln ig ia cnli cnlirc rchn hn ma tnr tnr lign lignr! r! igzr igzrii uigj uigjij ijnr nris is x cnlt cnltrmj rmjnr nris is tmrzhcyamris tnr Hgzirgiz' Am cngehmgm ig yg frytn ji MC lygjhmaligzi ricngnchjms (cnln UirhShfg UirhShfg n ancmaligzi mcitzmjms (cnln Cmlirehrlm Cmlirehrlm!! htsCM htsCM!! EGLZ EGLZ!! MCI n EISZI ig Istmým tirlhzi }yi ams igzhjmjis hgunaycrmjms tyijmg ehmrsi ygms ji nzrms! m tismr ji gn iphszhr cngzmczn eìshcn gh uìgcyan triuhn igzri ams tmrzis' SSA x SIZ si iszíg cnguhrzhigjn ig iszígjmris ji emczn }yi mziszhfymg ia èphzn ji ams zicgnanfìms ji camui tÿba tÿbahcm hcm ig iscig iscigmr mrhn hnss ji sifyr sifyrhj hjmj mj jisci jiscigz gzrma rmahm hmjn jnss cnln cnln Hgzir Hgzirgiz giz'' Ams Ams ÿazhl ÿazhlms ms hghc hghchm hmzh zhum umss ji ams ams Mjlh Mjlhgh ghsz szrm rmch chng ngis is Tÿba Tÿbahc hcms ms tmrm tmrm jisc jiscmr mrfm fmrr trnc trncij ijhl hlhi higz gzns ns mjlhghszrmzhuns! rimahmjns ig tmtia x snlizhjns m am uigmahjmj byrncrízhcm! `mchm trncisns jhfhzmais hgzirmczhuns! `mcig ysn zmlbhèg ji zicgnanfìm TKH'
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TKH Mczy Mczymal malig igzi zi si iszíg iszíg rimah rimahmg mgjn jn jhsz jhszrh rhby bychn chngi giss ji TKH ig znjn znjn ia ly lygj gjn! n! trit tritmrí mrígj gjns nsii tmrm tmrm ia gyiu gyiunn lh lhai aigh ghnn ji gifnc gifnchn hnss jhfh jhfhzm zmais ais'' Ia mlta mltahn hn mbmg mbmghcn hcn ji nrfmghmchng nrfmghmchngis is }yi hltamgzmg shszilms TKH rieaiom ia `ic`n ji }yi si zrmzm ji yg lmrcn eygjmligzma tmrm tirlhzhr mtahcmchngis ji cnlirchn iaiczróghcn }yi ritircyzhrí ig znjns gnsnzrns' M cngzhgymchóg chzmlns mafygns ioiltans ji TKH ig mcchóg ig am mczymahjmj?
Bmgcn ji Hramgjm Ia Bmgcn ji Hramgjm `m hgszmamgjn yg shszilm ji TKH aamlmjn Gifnchns Ig Aìgim tmrm nericir ygm tamzmenrlm sifyrm x ehmbai tmrm }yi ans cahigzis cnlirchmais jia bmgcn aaiuig m cmbn sys ntirmchngis bmgcmrhms tnr Hgzirgiz'
Knllygijmzm (KLJ KLJ is am iltrism ji ntirmchóg ntirmchóg ji shszilms x snezvmri ji Jhgmlmrcm! cng ygm tamgzhaam ji lís ji 2'944 iltaimjns' KLJ ilhzhrí cirzhehcmjns jhfhzmais zmgzn tmrm iltrisms cnln tmrm tmrzhcyamris ig Jhgmlmrcm! x fiszhngmrí am hgermiszryczyrm tmrm tirlhzhr ia cnlirchn iaiczróghcn ig yg igznrgn sifyrn x ehmbai' KLJ xm `m mgygchmjn }yi iszí jhszrhbyxigjn siruhchns ji CM tmrm yg trnxiczn igcmrfmjn tnr ia Lhghszirhn ji Hguiszhfmchóg ji Jhgmlmrcm'
TZZ Tnsz Am iltrism gmchngma ji cnrrins ji @namgjm! TZZ Tnsz! iszí jhszrhbyxigjn ygm TKH TKH tmrm tmrm neric nericir ir cirzh cirzhehc ehcmj mjns ns sifyr sifyrns ns ji cnrri cnrrinn iaiczr iaiczróg óghcn hcn x Vib m iltr iltris isms ms x tmrzhcyamris ig @namgjm! ji enrlm }yi tyijmg aaiumr m cmbn zrmgsmcchngis cnlirchmais iaiczróghcms smbhigjn }yi ygm zircirm tmrzi sifyrm `m cirzhehcmjn sy hjigzhjmj'
Yghuirsma Tnszma Yghng Bmsmjm ig Syhm! am YTY iltaim ygm TKH tmrm fmrmgzhmr am sifyrhjmj ji ligsmois ji IJHEMCZ rieirhjns m zrmgseirigchms ji engjns igzri nrfmghslns tnszmais gmchngmais' Èszm is ygm hltailigzmchóg cirrmjm! ig am }yi am YTY is am Myznrhjmj ji Cirzhehcmchóg trhgchtma'
Ziaignr Ziaignr is ia aìjir jia lircmjn gnryifn ji ziaicnlyghcmchngis! siruhchns ji jmzn jmznss x jhsz jhszrh rhby bych chóg óg ji jmzn jmzns! s! x zmlb zmlbhè hègg si igcy igcyig igzr zrmm igzr igzrii ans ans jhi jhi lmx lmxnris nris trnuiijnris ji siruhchns ji Hgzirgiz jia lygjn' Ziaignr iltaim ygm cnlbhgmchóg ji shszi shszilm lmss x `irrm `irrmlhi lhigz gzms ms ji TKH tmrm tmrm neric nericir ir ygm ygm snay snaychó chógg hgzi hgzifr frma ma ji TKH m ans ans `mbhzmgzis ji Gnryifm' Am jhszrhbychóg cngszmrí ji ygm sirhi ji mtahcmchngis! hgcayhjns ia cnrrin iaiczróghcn! am Vib x mtahcmchngis ji UTG'
26
TKH
=:' JIEHGHCHNGIS X MCRÓGHLNS S@M,= Ia mafnrhzln S@M,= eyi jismrrnaamjn tnr am gsm! tmrm sir hgcayhjn ig ia iszígjmr JSS' Ma cngzrmrhn }yi ans mafnrhzlns ji chermjn trntyiszns tnr iszm nrfmghmchóg! S@M,= si cngshjirm sifyrn x ahbri ji ddtyirzms zrmsirms&&! xm }yi emunrici m ans trnthns hgzirisis ji am GSM }yi ia mafnrhzln sim znzmaligzi sifyrn' Trnjyci ehrlms ji =54 bhzs! m tmrzhr ji ban}yis ji 9=2 bhzs jia ligsmoi nrhfhgma' Ia mafnrhzln is shlhamr ma LJ9'
LJ9 Ia mafnrhzln lj9 is ygn ji ans lís tntyamris tmrm am figirmchóg ji ehrlms jhfhzmais! jibhjn ig frmg tmrzi m sy hgcayshóg ig ams trhlirms uirshngis ji tft' Is ia risyazmjn ji ygm sirhi ji lionrms snbri ia mafnrhzln lj:! jhsiýmjn tnr Rng Rhuisz ' Trncism ans ligsmois ji igzrmjm ig ban}yis ji 9=2 bhzs! x trnjyci ygm smahjm ji =20 bhzs' Ig ans ÿazhlns zhiltns! ia mafnrhzln LJ9 `m lnszrmjn chirzms ddjibhahjmjis&&! myg}yi shg hltahcmchngis tríczhcms rimais! tnr an }yi shfyi cngshjirmjn ig am mczymahjmj yg mafnrhzln sifyrn! sh bhig sy ysn zhigji m jhslhgyhr'
=9' BHBAHNFRMEÌM BHBAHNFRMEÌM , Tnrzhaan! I' x Aóti! A' Sifyrhjmj ig rijis ziailízhcms' Tmrzi H? am trnbailízhcm ji am sifyrhjmj'Bnaizìg ji am rij gmchngma ji H+J! RijHRHS g¿ 3=! Mbr' =889' , Aóti! A' x Tnrzhaan! I' Sifyrhjmj ig rijis ziailízhcms' Tmrzi HH? igznrgns sifyrns' Bnaizìg ji am rij gmchngma ji H+J! RijHRHS g¿ 32! Oya' =889' , Ysmgjn Hgermiszryczyrm TKH tmrm hltailigzmr EHRLM JHFHZMA `zzt?..vvv'ahgzh'ygat'ijy'mr.zrmbmons.hguiszhf.2444.Tmyam.ehrlmjhf'rze Ahc' Omuhir E' Jhm [ojhmDhgen'ygat'ijy'mr\ MC' Tmyam Uignsm [tuignsmDhgen'ygat'ijy'mr\ , Hgzrnjycchóg m ams hgermiszryczyrms ji camui tybahcm (TKH Tijrn Eyigzis Tèri teyigzisDssm'shiligs'is `zzt?..vvv'tkh'fum'is.jncyligzmchng.TrnxicznEHRLM'tje þCirzhehcmjns P' 948
Eijirhcn Fmrcìm efmrchmD jzhc' ym' is `zzt?.. vvv' may' ym' is. e. efc=4
20
TKH , Zyznrhma Sifyrhjmj Rijis Ziailízhcms `zzt?..sifyrhjmj'jhmzia'ytl'is.zyznrhma'`zl , TKH Tybahc Kix Hgermszryczyri
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sifyrms (HHH Aychmgn Lnrign! jia jitmrzmligzn ji jhsiýn vib ji BOS Snezvmri' `zzt?..vvv'`zlavib'giz.sifyrhjmj.ssa.ssa^='`zla
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