$%&'(
"
#$%&'()*+ ,)*-)*+ *('+,'-./ 0'+- -/1 (-', ,/&-+ 2-34- &/.56-6+-3 %(52 75(%06-37 4-37 &-8-, &537-3 0'&-2 &/(/2-, 0-,-9 :5(%06-37 75(%06-37 4-37 ,51(/2-, 0-,- ,51.56', &/.56-6+-3 %(52 -37/3 &537-3 ;/1/ 851/%&- 75(%06-3734- 4-37 15(-,/8 853&5+9 :5(%06-37 -37/3- 651851/%&- 65651-8- &5,/+ .-<-9 :5(%06-37 (-/3 4-37 ,-+ ,-08-+ .5;-1651.-0-".-0- 8'3;-+ &-3 (506-234- -&-(-2 75(%06-37 8-.-37".'1',9 :5(%06-37 /3/ &/.56-6+-3 %(52 7-4- ,-1/+ 6'(-3 &-3 0-,-2-1/ ,512-&-8 6'0/9 :5(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 651851/%&- 8-3<-37 &537-3 851/%&- ,51853&5+34- .5+/,-1 #= <-09 >5(-/3 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', -&- 65651-8- 75(%06-37 8-3<-37 ?(56/2 ,58-,34- @ 651851/%&- 8-3<-37A 4-37 &/.56-6+-3 %(52 2-("2-( (-/39 >5;-1- ./37+-, 65651-875(%06-37 8-3<-37 ,51.56', 05(/8',/ @ 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 75(%06-37 6-&-/ 75(%06-37 %.+/(-./ &(( :5(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1',B +5<-&/-334- 15(-,/8 ,51-,'1 .5.'-/ &537-3 8506-37+/,344-/,' 6'(-3 &-3 0-,-2-1/9 C518',-1-3 6'(-3 &-3 6'0/ 4-37 ,51-,'1 053456-6+-3 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,51-,'1 8'(-9 D5,51-,'1-3 /3/(-2 4-37 053456-6+-3 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', (56/2 0'&-2 &/815&/+./ &/6-3&/37 75(%06-37 4-37 (-/39 :5(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ &-8-, &/6-37+/,+-3 %(52 6-34-+ 2-( 0/.-(34- ,-3-2 (%37.%1B (5,'.-3 7'3'37 651-8/ 6-E-2 (-',B &/.(%+-./ -,-' 751-+-3 ,-3-2 &-.-1 851-/1-39 >5&50/+-3 65.-134- (%37.%1-3B (5,'.-3 0-'8'3 751-+-3 ,-3-2 &-.-1 ,51.56', .52/377- 0506-37+/,+-3 75(%06-37 8-3<-37 4-37 053<-(-1 +5 8-3,-/9 :5(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ /3/ 0508'34-/ 851/%&- -3,-1- 65651-8- 053/, 2/377- .-,' <-09 :5(%06-37 %.+/(-./ &-(-0 +%(-0 85(-6'2-3 0/.-(34- ,51<-&/ +-153- -&-34- +5,/&-+.5/06-37-3 0'+- -/19 F-( /3/ &-8-, &/.56-6+-3 0/.-(34- %(52 7508- 6'0/B 2506'.-3 -37/39 C51/%&- 75(%06-37 /3/ ,517-3,'37 8-&- 8506-37+/,34- &-3 0-+./0'0 ,517-3,'37 8-&- 8-3<-37 &-51-2 '3,'+ ,51<-&/34- %./(-./9 :5(%06-37 6-&-/ &/.56-6+-3 %(52 6-&-/9 • • • • •
"./
0$&12 ,)3)*+ 45156 C-.-37 .'1', -&-(-2 G53%053- 3-/+ &-3 ,'1'334- 0'+- -/1 (-', .5;-1- 651'(-37 ?851/%&/+A &537-3 851/%&- ,51,53,'B -+/6-, -&-34- 7-4- ,-1/+ 053-1/+ 6'0/ &-3 653&-"653&- (-37/, (-/334-9 H'- 653&- (-37/, 4-37 .-37-, 6518537-1'2 8-&8-.-37 .'1', 6'0/ -&-(-2 0-,-2-1/B 4-37 050651/+-3 8537-1'2 ./73/G/+-3 +-1530-.-"34- 4-37 65.-1B &-3 6'(-3B 4-37 050651/+-3 8537-1'2 ./73/G/+-3 +-153 <-1-+34- 4-37 &5+-, &537-3 6'0/9 I53&-"653&- (-37/, 4-37 (-/3 ,/&-+ &/8512/,'37-+-39 J3,'+ 05377-06-1+-3 G53%053- 8-.-37 .'1',B .'-,' ,5%1/ +5.5/06-37-3 &/7-7-. %(52 :5%175 F9 H-1E/3 ?#KLKA9 H-(-0 ,5%1/ /3/ &/-.'0./+-3 6-2E- 6'0/ 653-1"653-1 6'(-, &-3 .50'- 8510'+--3 8510'+--3 6'0/ &/-.'0./+-3 ,51,','8 %(52 (-8/.-3 -/1 &537-3 +5&-(-0-3 4-37 .-0-9 D-153- -&-34- 7-4- ,-1/+ 053-1/+B 0-.- -/1 -+-3 651751-+ 2/377- 053;-8-/ .'-,' +5.5/06-37-39 :-4- 8-.-37 .'1', &/,53,'+-3 %(52 65.-1 Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#
0-..- &-3 <'7- <-1-+ -3,-1- 0-..- ,51.56', .5851,/ 4-37 &/,51-37+-3 05(-('/ 851.-0--3 7-4- ,-1/+ 71-M/,-./ 651/+', /3/@ F
=
Gm1 m 2 2
r
C-&- 851.-0--3 &/ -,-.B 1 -&-(-2 <-1-+ -3,-1 8'.-, 653&- &537-3 0-.- 0 # &-3 0=B &-3 : -&-(-2 .'-,' +%3.,-3,- 71-M/,-./ 4-/,' N9NO#P"N0=QR+7=9 D5-&--3 .5/06-37 /3/ -+-3 ,51<-&/ 6/(- 8510'+--3 -/1 ,57-+ ('1'. ,512-&-8 15.'(,-3 7-4- 71-M/,-. &-3 7-4- 8506-37+/, 8-.-37 .'1',9 D5.5/06-37-3 /3/ &/-.'0./+-3 ,51<-&/ .5,/-8 .--,9 $-,-2-1/ &-3 6'(-3 4-37 8%././34- .5(-(' 651'6-2 ,512-&-8 6'0/ -+-3 053456-6+-3 8510'+--3 -/1 &-(-0 +5-&--3 .5,/06-37 -+-3 .5(-(' 651751-+ 8-&- .5,/-8 ,/,/+ &/ 8510'+--3 6'0/9 C-&- +5-&--3 .5653-134-B 6'0/ ,51&/1/ &-1/ &-1-,-3 &-3 (-',-3 &537-3 +5&-(-0-3 4-37 65165&- .52/377- ,5%1/ +5.5/06-37-3 ,/&-+ -+-3 &-8-, &/,51-8+-3 .5;-1(-37.'37 ,-38- 0508512/,'37+-3 8537-1'2 75%71-G/9 S5,-8/ -&- 65651-8- 2-( 4-37 ,5134-,- &-8-, &/8-+-/ '3,'+ 0508512/,'37+-3 +-1-+,51/.,/+ &-1/ 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,51<-&/ &/ .'-,' ,508-, ,51,53,'9 C-&- ,5%1/ +5.5/06-37-3 &/&-8-,+-3 +%08%353 4-37 6518537-1'2 8-&- 8-.-37 .'1', -+/6- &-1/ 751-+-3 6'(-3 &-3 0-,-2-1/ 1-(-,/G ,512-&-8 6'0/9 D%08%353 ,51.56', 0508'34-/ +5;58-,-3 .'&', ,51,53,' 4-37 .5(-(' ,5,-89 H%%&.%3 ?#L=#A ,5(-2 05350'+-3 !LN +%08%353 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 050/(/+/ G15+'53./ 65165&-B053-08/(+-3 +%3.,/,'53 8-.-37 .'1', 853,/37 4-37 6/-.&/7'3-+-39 T&-34- 8537-1'2 &-1-,-3 &-3 +5&-(-0-3 4-37 65165&- .52/377- 053/06'(+-3 850-3,'(-3B 8515&-0-3 &-3 &/.,%1./B 053456-6+-3 -&-34- 85165&--3 G-.- &-3 -08(/,'&% '3,'+ .'-,' ,508-, ,51,53,' &/6-3&/37+-3 &537-3 +5-&--3 8-&- ,5%1/ +5.5/06-37-39
".7
#$%&'()*+ 8)3)*+ 35156 )*6)1) 6$&12 9$3$62'()*+)* :)* 9$*;)6))*.
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odul 3.
Psang Surut
!"=
!9 :-4- V%1/%(/ &/-6-/+-3 :-4- V%1/%(/ -&-(-2 7-4- 8-&- 8-1,/+5( 4-37 651751-+ &/8510'+--3 653&- 651653,'+ 0/1/8 6%(- ?0/.-(34- 6'0/A 4-37 651%,-./9 D-153- +5;58-,-3 1%,-./ (/3/51 4-37 ,-+ .-0- &/ +-,'(/.,/E- &-3 &/ +','6B 0-+- 7-4- .53,1/G'7-(34- &/ +5&'- (%+-./ ,51.56', <'7- 65165&-B 4-37 651-+/6-, 8-&- 85165&--3 ,/377/ ,%3<%(-3 -,-' 5(5M-./ 0'+- -/1 &-1/ &-1-,-39 T/1 &/ +','6 ',-1- ;53&51'37 &/,-1/+ +5 .5(-,-39 >50-+/3 ;58-, 1%,-./B .50-+/3 65.-1 7-4- ,-1/+ +5 .5(-,-3 ,51.56',9 H50/+/-3 8'(- .56-(/+34- -/1 &/ +','6 .5(-,-3 -+-3 &/ ,-1/+ +5 ',-1-9 H537-3 &50/+/-3 +- 6'0/ 651751-+ .5-1-2 1%,-./B 0-+- .5%(-2 %(-2 653&- ,51.56', 651-&- 8-&- 6'0/ 4-37 1%,-./34- (56/2 ;58-,9 >56-(/+34- +- 0-,51/ 651751-+ 651(-E-3-3 &537-3 1%,-./9 H537-3 &50/+/-3 +- &/ .565(-2 ',-1- +-,'(/.,/E- 0-,51/ 651751-+ .5-1-2 1%,-./ -+-3 &/,-1/+ +5 .5(-,-39 >56-(/+34- +- 651751-+ 651(-E-3-3 -1-2 &537-3 1%,-./ -+-3 &/,-1/+ +5 ',-1-9 C-&- .56'-2 7-1/. 6'<'1 ?0/.-(34- O%A +- &/ .565(-2 ',-1- +-,'(/.,/E-B 0-,51/ 651751-+ +5 ',-1-B +5;58-,-3 (/3/51 1%,-./34- &/851(-06-,9 Q-0'3 &50/+/-3 653&,51.56', ,5,-8 ,/&-+ <-,'2 &/ (%+-./ 7-1/. 6'<'1 O% &/ (/3,-37 4-37 (56/2 ,/377/B +-1538513-2 0537-(-0/ +5;58-,-3 +5 -1-2 1%,-./ 4-37 (56/2 65.-1 .--, 651-&- &/ (%+-./(/3,-37 4-37 (56/2 153&-29 H537-3 &50/+/-3 8-1,/+5( ,51.56', -+-3 ,51&%1%37 +5 -1-2 +-3-39 >56-(/+34- +&/.565(-2 ',-1- 8-1,/+5( 651751-+ +5 .5(-,-3 -+-3 &/&%1%37 +5 +/1/ H-1/ 6-2-.-3 &/ -,-.B 8-1,/+5( &/ .565(-2 ',-1- +-,'(/.,/E-B +- 651751-+ -+-3 ;53&51'37 6518',-1 .5-1-2 <-1'0 <-09 >56-(/+34- &/ .565(-2 .5(-,-3 +-,'/(.,/E-+-3 &/65(%++-3 651+56-(/+-3 &537-3 -1-2 <-1'0 <-09 C-&- 8510'+--3 -/1 &/ 6'0/B 7-4- V%1/%(/ 6518537-1'2 ,512-&-8 ,/377/ 153&-2340'+- -/19 C-&- .'-,' .5(-, 4-37 0537-1-2 +5 -1-2 ',-1- .5(-,-3B +- 75(%06-37 8-.-37 +5 -1-2 ',-1- &-3 .'1', 0537-1-2 +5 .5(-,-3B 7-4- V%1/%(/ -+-3 0537-+/6-,+-3 5(5M-./ &/ .565(-2 +-3-3 .5(-, (56/2 ,/377/ .--, 8-.-37 &-3 (56/2 153&-2 .--, .'1', +- &/6-3&/37+-3 &537-3 &/ .565(-2 ,/0'19 I5.-1-3 :-4- V%1/%(/ -&-(-2 G;W= ! ./3" &537-3 ! &-3" 651,'1', ,'1', -&-(-2 +5;58-,-3 1%,-./ 1-&/-( &-3 .'&', 7-1/. (/3,-379 H-1/ 6-2-.-3 &/ -,-. ,-08-+ 6-2E- .5;-1- ,5%1/,/. 8537-1'2 7-4-"7-4- 0-,-2-1/ 6'0/ 6'(-3 &-8-, &/2/,'37 .52/377- G('+,'-./ 0'+- -/1 &-8-, &/851+/1-+-39 S/85 8-.-37 .'1',B 0/.-(34- .50/ &/'13-( &-3 &/'13-(B &-8-, &/,53,'+-3 (%+-./34-9 $/.-(34- &/ .5+/,-1 +-,'(/.,/E-B <53/. 8-.-37 .'1', -&-(-2 .50/ &/'13-(9 Q-0'3 +-153- 8-&- .--, 053'1'3+-3 851.-0--3 7-4- 8506-37+/, 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', ,5(-2 &/(-+'+-3 -.'0./ 4-37 ;'+'8 6518537-1'2B 0-+- 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,51<-&/ &/ 6'0/ ,5134-,- <-'2 &-1/ , 5%1/9 X(52 +-153-34- 851(' &/;-1/ ;-1- '3,'+ 050815&/+./ 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', &537-3 (56/2 -+'1-,9 #$%&'()*+ 8)3)*+ 35156 :)%)' 9$*;)6))* T+/6-, 65651-8- -.'0./ &/ -,-.B 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,51<-&/ &/ 6'0/ 65165&- &537-3 ,5%1/34-9 C5165&--3 /,' ,51<-&/ &/-3,-1-34- 8-&- -08(/,'&% 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1',9 Y-(-'8'3 &50/+/-3 +-153- 851/%&- 8506-37+/, 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', ?.4.,50 6'0/"6'(-3 "0-,-2-1/A 0508'34-/ 851/%&- 4-37 +%3.,-3 0-+- 851/%&- 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,51<-&/ <'7- +%3.,-39 :5(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', ,51<-&/ &-1/ 1-,'.-3 75(%06-37 ./3'.%/&-( 4-37 ,51;-08'1 <-&/ .-,'9 S5,-8/ +-153- ,/-8 75(%06-37 0508'34-/ 851/%&- &-3 -08(/,'&% +%3.,-3 0-+- 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', &-1/ 1-,'.-3 75(%06-37 ./3'.%/&-( ,51.56', 053<-&/ 1/,0/+9 :5(%06-37 ./3'.%/&-( 850653,'+ 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', ,51.56', &/.56', .56-7-/ +%3.,-3,- 8-.-37 Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"!
.'1',9 :5(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', -+-3 ,51'(-37 &537-3 2-08/1 ,58-, .5,5(-2 .5+/,-1 #L ,-2'39 :5(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 0537-(-0/ 8-.-37 !"#$%& ,/-8 &'- 0/377' .5+-(/9 T,-' &-8-, &/+-,-+-3 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', ,51'(-37 ,/-8 &'- 0/377'9 D-153- ./G-, ,51'(-37 ,51.56', 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', &-8-, &/815&/+./ ,/377/34&537-3 ,58-, +-(-' &/+5,-2'/ 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', ,51.56', .5(-0- E-+,' ,51,53,' .565('0 .--, 4-37 &/815&/+./9 J3,'+ 0-+.'& ,51.56', ?815&/+./ 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1',A 0-+- 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', 851(' &/-0-,/ .5(-0- E-+,' ,51,53,'9 C537-0-,-3 &/(-+'+-3 &537-3 0537'+'1 ,/377/ 0'+- -/1 ,/-8 ,/-8 <-09 H-1/ 2-./( 8537'+'1-3 ,/377/ 0'+- -/1 (-', /3/ 5(5053 ?-08(/,'&%B 851/%&- &-3 82-.534- .--, /,'A &-8-, &/,53,'+-39 >5(-3<',34- +- 5(5053 8-.-37 .'1', ,5(-2 &/+5,-2'/ 65.51,&537-3 82-.534- .--, /,' 0-+- 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', &-8-, &/815&/+./ &537-3 853<'0(-2-3 75(%06-37 8-.-37 .'1', &-1/ ,/-8",/-8 +%3.,-3,-9
0)($% "./
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•
•
•
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"Z
F =
K 1 M 2
+
O1
+
S 2
S/85 8-.-37 .'1',B 651&-.-1+-3 3/(-/ *B &/+(-./G/+-./+-3 .56-7-/ 651/+',@ P " PB=] W .50/ &/'13-( PB=] " #B] W ;-08'1-3 ?.50/ &/'13-( &%0/3-3,A #B] " !BP W ;-08'1-3 ?&/'13-( &%0/3-3,A ^!BP W &/'13-( #)'()1 ".7 053-08/(+-3 <53/."<53./ 8-.-37 .'1',9
>81/37
Q5-8
>81/37
#)'()1 "./ 053-08/(+-3 <53/."<53./ 8-.-37 .'1',9
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"]
_ #)'()1 ".7 `53/."<53/. 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 0'37+/3 ,51<-&/9
"."
>*)%23) ,)3)*+ 45156 "."./ ,$13)'))* ,)3)*+ 45156 T3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1', &/(-+'+-3 ,512-&-8 &-,- 8-.-37 .'1', '3,'+ 05375,-2'/ +-1-+,51/.,/+ 8-.-37 .'1', &/ (%+-./ +--3 4-37 -+-3 .-37-, 6517'3- '3,'+ +5851('-3 &5.-/39 >5851,/ 4-37 ,5(-2 &/'1-/+-3 8-&- 6-7/-3 .565('034-B 6-2E- 8-.-37 .'1', &/8537-1'/ %(52 656518- 0-;-0 7-4- 4-37 &/.56', 7-4- 8506-37+/, 8-.-37 .'1',9 $-./37"0-./37 7-4- -+-3 051'8-+-3 +%08%353 4-37 05353,'+-3 +-1-+,51/.,/+ &-1/ 8-.-37 .'1', 8-&- ,508-, ,51,53,'9 S/-8",/-8 +%08%353 -+-3 651'(-37 '3,'+ .'-,' 851/%&5 ,51,53,' &-3 0508'4-/ +5;58-,-3 .'&', ,51,53,' 4-37 .5(-(' ,5,-8 '3,'+ .5,/-8 ,508-, &/ 6'0/ /3/B +-1537-4- 850653,'+ 8-.-37 .'1', 651-.-( &-1/ 751-+-3 6'0/B 6'(-3 &-3 0-,-2-1/ 4-37 0537/+',/ .'-,' -,'1-3 4-37 ,5,-89 S/-8",/-8 +%08%353 -+-3 05372-./(+-3 -08(/,'&% &-3 85165&--3 G-.- 0-./37"0-./37 &-3 '3,'+ ,508-, ,51,53,' 2-( ,51.56', -+-3 .5(-(' ,5,-89 C-&- ,508-, 4-37 65165&-B +%08%353 ,51.56', -+-3 05372-./(+-3 -08(/,'&% &-3 65&- G-.- 4-37 65165&-B 6517-3,'37 8-&- (%+-./ &-3 +5-&--3 75%71-G/.34-9 I5.-134- -08(/,'&% &-3 65&- G-.- 8-&- ,508-, ,51,53,' &/.56', &537-3 +%3.,-3,Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"N
8-.-37 .'1', '3,'+ ,508-, ,51.56',9 D%3.,-3,- 8-.-37 .'1', -+-3 05353,'+-3 +-1-+,51/.,/+ &-1/ 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,51<-&/ 8-&- .'-,' ,508-, &-3 65.-134- -+-3 &-8-, &/+5,-2'/ &537-3 8537-0-,-3 8-.-37 .'1', &-3 -3-(/.-34-9 T3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1', &/(-+'+-3 651&-.-1+-3 851.-0--3 &/ 6-E-2 /3/@ k
Z t
= Z
0
+
! Z cos(
#
i
i
t " ai
)
i =1
D5,51-37-3@ ( ) @ ( * @ + @ ( $ @ # $ @ ) @ ,$ @
S/377/ 0'+- -/1 8-&- E-+,' , S/377/ 0'+- -/1 1-,-"1-,`'0(-2 +%08%353 8-.-37 .'1', T08(/,&% &-1/ +%08%353 +5"/ D5;58-,-3 .'&', &-1/ +%08%353 +5 a / Y-+,' I5&- G-.- &-1/ +%08%353 +5"/
".".7
?$6&:) @5):1)6 0$19$=2% >-(-2 .-,' 05,%&- '3,'+ 0505;-2+-3 851.-0--3 8-.-37 .'1', -&-(-2 05,%&+'-&1-, ,51+5;/(9 C1/3./8 &-1/ 05,%&- /3/ -&-(-2 053;-1/ 0%&5( 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 0508'34-/ <'0(-2 +'-&1-, 511%1 ,51+5;/(9 H5G/3/./ 511%1 4-37 &/7'3-+-3 -&-(-2 .5(/./2 &-1/ &-,- 8537-0-,-3 &-3 0%&5( .56-7-/ 651/+',@ "
Y t
=
! Z t
H537-3 b, -&-(-2 &-,- 8537-0-,-3 &-3 c, -&-(-2 2-./( +5('-1-3 0%&5(9 J3,'+ 050'&-2+-3 850-2-0-3B &/-06/( 851.-0--3 8-.-37 .'1', '3,'+ # +%08%353 .-<- .56-7-/ 651/+',@ Z t
= Z
0
( ! a)
+ Z cos " t
$-+- G'37./ <'0(-2 +'-&1-, 511%1 -&-(-2@ N
J
=
! i
N
$
2
1
=
! (Y " Z i
=
" Z cos(# t " a) )
2
0
i
&537-3
Q
-&-(-2
<'0(-2
&-,-
1
8537-0-3,-3 J3,'+ 85345&512-3--3 0-.-(-2 .'+' ! t A cos ! t + B sin
B
=
&537-3
Z
=
A
2
Z cos(" t ! a )
+ B 2 &-3
a
=
tan
&/'6-2 653,'+34- 053<-&/
& # $ ! B .52/377- G'37./ <'0(-2 % A "
'1 B
+'-&1-, 511%1 053<-&/@ N
J
=
!
N
$
2 =
! (Y " Z i
0
" A cos # t i " B sin # t i )
2
i 1
i i =
=
C-&- 851.-0--3 &/ -,-. M-1/-65( 4-37 2-1'. &/;-1/ ?'3+3%E3 M-1/-6(5A -&-(-2 c PB T &-3 I9 J3,'+ 053&-8-,+-3 3/(-/ ` 4-37 0/3/0'0B 851.-0--3 &/ -,-. 2-1'. &/,'1'3+-3 .5;-1- 8-1./-( ,512-&-8 0-./37"0-./37 M-1/-6(5 &-3 2-./(34- 2-1'. .-0- &537-3 3%(B .56-7-/ 651/+',@ N " J !2# (Y i ! Z 0 ! A cos$ t i ! B sin $ t i ) 0 " Z 0 i 1 =
=
=
" J " A " J " B
N =
!2# (Y i ! Z 0 ! A cos $ t i ! B sin $ t i )cos $ t i
=
0
=
0
i 1 =
N =
!2# (Y i ! Z 0 ! A cos $ t i ! B sin $ t i )sin $ t i
Modul 3.
i 1 =
Psang Surut
!"\
S/7- 851.-0--3 &/ -,-. &-8-, &/,'(/. &-(-0 653,'+ 0-,1/+. .56-7-/ 651/+',@
& $ N $ $ cos ( t $'1 $ $ ' sin ( t %$ 1
N
i
=
' cos
( t
i
i 1
i
=
N
=
N
'
i
i
=
N
2
sin ( t i cos ( t i
i
i 1
i
=
=
& # $ ' Y ! 1 $ ! $ Y cos ( t ! $'1 ! $ ! $ ' Y sin ( t ! %$ 1 "! N
i
i
=
i
i
( t i
i 1
=
N
N
' cos
N
i
# '1 sin ( t ! ! & Z 0 # '1 sin ( t 1 cos ( t 1 !! $$ A !! ! $% B !" 2 '1 sin ( t !"!
N
=
N
=
i
i
i
=
N
i
i
=
H537-3 853'1'3-3 &/ -,-. 0-+- &/&-8-,+-3 ,/7- 851.-0--3 &537-3 ,/7- M-1/-65( 4-37 ,/&-+ &/+5,-2'/9 >/.,50 .5851,/ /3/ -&-(-2 ./.,50 851.-0--3 ./0'(,-3 .52/377.50'- M-1/-65( 4-37 ,/&-+ &/+5,-2'/ &-8-, &/2/,'379 C-&- -3-(/.- .5.'377'234-B 8512/,'37-3 &/ -,-. &/(-+'+-3 ,512-&-8 <'0(-2 +%08%353 4-37 (56/2 &-1/ .-,'9
"."."
,$1)')%)* ,)3)*+ 45156 >5,-(-2 .5('1'2 +%08%353 8-.-37 .'1', &/+5,-2'/B .5;-1- 0-,50-,/. 0'+- -/1 8-.-37 .'1', &-8-, &/+5,-2'/ +-8-38'3 &537-3 851.-0--3 8-.-37 651/+', /3/9 k
Z t
= Z
0
+
! Z cos( i
#
i
t " ai
)
i =1
".A
B%$C)32 ,$*62*+ ,)3)*+ 45156 S'<'-3 ',-0- &-1/ -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1', -&-(-2 '3,'+ 05375,-2'/ 5(5M-./"5(5M-./ 853,/37 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 -+-3 &/7'3-+-3 .56-7-/ -;'-3 5(5M-./ 8-&- +57/-,-3 &5.-/39 >5;-1- ,5%1/,/.B 8-.-37 .'1', -+-3 651'(-37 .5(-0- #K9N ,-2'3 .5+-(/9 X(52 +-153- /,' '3,'+ 053&-8-,+-3 5(5M-./ -;'-3 8-.-37 .'1',B ,51(56/2 &-2'(' 2-1'. &/&-8-,+-3 &-,- .5(-0- 153,-37 E-+,' ,51.56', &537-3 ;-1- 05372/,'37 ?051-0-(A 651&-.-1+-3 +%08%353 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 ,5(-2 &/+5,-2'/9 d(5M-./"5(5M-./ 8-.-37 .'1', 4-37 6/-.- &/7'3-+-3 -&-(-2 .56-7-/ 651/+',@ DDEF ?F/725., F/72 Y-,51 [5M5(A@ S/377/ 0'+- -/1 0-+./0'0 &-(-0 153,-37 E-+,' 4-37 &/,/3<-'9 ?DE4 ?$5-3 F/72 Y-,51 >81/37A @ e-,-"1-,- &-1/ ,/377/ 0'+- -/1 0-+./0'0 ,/-8 .81/37 &-(-0 153,-37 E-+,' 4-37 &/,/3<-' ?DEF ?$5-3 F/72 Y-,51 [5M5(A @ e-,-"1-,- &-1/ ,/377/ 0'+- -/1 0-+./0'0 ,/-8 +-(/ 8-.-37 &-(-0 153,-37 E-+,' 4-37 &/,/3<-' ?4F ?$5-3 >5- [5M5(A @ e-,-"1-,- 0'+- -/1 &-(-0 153,-37 0'+- -/1 4-37 &/,/3<-' ?FEF ?$5-3 [%E Y-,51 [5M5(A@ e-,-"1-,- &-1/ ,/377/ 0'+- -/1 0/3/0'0 ,/-8 +-(/ .'1', &-(-0 153,-37 E-+,' 4-37 &/,/3<-' ?FE4 ?$5-3 [%E Y-,51 >81/37A @ e-,-"1-,- &-1/ ,/377/ 0'+- -/1 0/3/0'0 8-&.--, .81/37 &-(-0 153,-37 E-+,' 4-37 &/,/3<-' FFEF ?[%E5., [%E Y-,51 [5M5(A @ S/377/ 0'+- -/1 ,5153&-2 &-(-0 153,-37 E-+,' 4-37 &/,/3<-'9
".G
H)+)* >%21 >*)%23) ,)3)*+ 45156 :)%)' 45)65 ,1&3$3 I$3)2* H-(-0 .'-,' 85+51<--3 4-37 05051('+-3 -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1',B .5851,/ 85+51<--3 8537-0-3-3 8-3,-/B 2-( 851,-0- 4-37 851(' &/(-+'+-3 '3,'+ -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1', -&-(-2 053&-8-,+-3 &-,- (-8-37-3 &537-3 ;-1- .'1M5/ (-37.'379 >5,5(-2 &-,- (-8-37-3 ,51.56', &/&-8-,+-3B -3-(/.- .5(-3<',34- -&-(-2 05(-+'+-3 8537'1-/-3 +%08%353B 05(-+'+-3 851-0-(-3 8-.-37 .'1', 651&-.-1+-3 +%08%353 Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"K
,51.56',B &-3 05372/,'37 5(5M-./ 8-.-37 .'1', -;'-3 651&-.-1+-3 &-,- 1-0-(-3 851/%&5 8-3<-37 ?#K9N ,-2'3A9 I-7-3 -(/1 &-1/ -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1', ,51.56', &/.-08-/+-3 &-(-0 6-7-3 -(/1 651/+',@ !"#" %"&'#
()" *+'",)
-./0.1)1 %"&"12 *','#
%),"/"3"1 %"&"12 *','# 45 6",7
%),>"1@712"1 6"&73 B"/"3"1 @)12"1 %)12'C',"1 ("0"12"1
A)17& %"&"12 *','#
%),"/"3"1 %"&"12 *','# 89 :";'1 #K9N ,-2'3 <3)="&7 %)1#712 %"&"12 *','#
%,.>">737#"& -)?"@7"1 :),3"/0"'7 <3)="&7 %"&"12 *','#
#)'()1 "." I-7-3 -(/1 &-1/ -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1',9
".J
,$1)*+9)6 F5*)9 >*)%23) ,)3)*+ 45156 J3,'+ 050'&-2+-3 -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1',B .'-,' 8-+5, 81%71-0 +%08',51 &-8-, &/6'-,9 >-(-2 .-,' 8-+5, 81%71-0 +%08',51 '3,'+ -3-(/.- 8-.-37 .'1', &537-3 05,%&- (5-., .f'-15 4-/,' IKL>0KIB9 C-+5, 81%71-0 /3/ ,51&/1/ &-1/ ,/7- 81%71-0 4-/,'@ C1%7-10#95O5 @ '3,'+ 0537%(-2 &-,- 8537-0-,-3 8-.', 053<-&/ +%08%353 8-.-37 .'1', C1%71-0=95O5 @ '3,'+ 051-0-( 8-.-37 .'1', 651&-.-1+-3 +%08%353 8-.-37 .'1', C1%71-0!95O5 @ '3,'+ 05372/,'37 5(5M-./ 853,/37 8-.-37 .'1', 651&-.-1+-3 &-,- 1-0-(-3 851/%&5 8-3<-37 ?#K9N ,-2'3A9 •
•
•
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"L
".M
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
:-06-1 !9Z9 D50'37+/3-3 '1',-3 ,51<-&/34- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ +-153- &/.(%+-./ &-.-1 (-',
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#P
:-06-1 !9]9 D50'37+/3-3 '1',-3 ,51<-&/34- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ +-153- (%37.%1-3
:-06-19 D50'37+/3-3 '1',-3 ,51<-&/34- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ +-153- (5,'.-3 7'3'37 651-8/ &/ (-',
D5<-&/-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ,5(-2 0535E-.+-3 651/6'"1/6' %1-379 F-( /3/ +-153+5<-&/-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ,/&-+ 0'&-2 &/1-0-(+-39 >5(-/3 /,' 0-3'./- ;53&51'37 05('8-+-3 +5<-&/-3 653;-3- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 8513-2 053/08- &-51-2 6-2-4- ,.'3-0/ &-3 0506-37'3 8510'+/0-3 &/ &-51-2 ,51.56',9 D5.'(/,-3 851-0-(-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ &/.56-6+-3 %(52 .'(/,34- 051-0-(+-3 +5<-&/-3 -(-0 .5851,/ 0/.-(34- 7508- ,5+,%3/+9 D-8-3B &/0-3-B 651-8- 65.-1-334-B 651-8- (-0,51<-&/34- 051'8-+-3 65.-1-3 4-37 .-37-, .'(/, &/1-0-(+-3 %(52 75%(%79 H537-3 &50/+/-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 2-34- &-8-, &/85(-<-1/ .5,5(-2 -,-' 8-&- .--, ,51<-&/ &-3 851-06-,-334- +5 8-3,-/9 Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"##
C53<-(-1-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 0-'8'3 851+/1--3 65.-1-3 ,/377/ 75(%06-3734&-8-, &/2/,'37 -8-6/(- 65.-1-3 &/.(%+-./ &-3 (%+-./ &/.(%+-./ ,51.56', &/+5,-2'/9 I-34-+ 0%&5( " 0%&5( 853<-(-1-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ,5(-2 &/6'-, &537-3 2-./( 4-37 050'-.+-39 H/ `58-37B ,.'3-0/ .51/37 ,51<-&/9 `58-37 .51/37 &/.51-37 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 ,51<-&/ &/ 851-/1-3 `58-37 0-'8'3 851-/1-3 357-1- (-/3 6-2+-3 4-37 <-'2 &-1/ `58-37B 0/.-(34- V2/(/9 :5(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ &-8-, 053<-(-1 05(/3,-./ .-0'&1- &-3 05372-3,-0 &-1-,-3 `58-379 X(52 +-153-34- `58-37 651'.-205(-+'+-3 ,/3&-+-3 815M53,/8 &537-3 6-37'3-3 ,506%+8537-0-3 8-3,-/ &-1/ .51-37-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ .51,- 0506-37'3 <-1/37-3 /3G%10-./ &/3/9 `-1/37-3 /3G%10-./ &/3/ ,51.56', 651'.-2- 050815&/+./ &-3 ,/377/ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 ,51<-&/ .565('0 75(%06-37 ,51.56', 053;-8-/ 8-3,-/9 H537-3 81%.5. 2/,'37-3 4-37 ;58-,B 0-+- /3G%10-./ ,53,-37 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ &-8-, &/,51/0- 0-.4-1-+-, &537-3 (56/2 ;58-, '3,'+ ,/3&-+-3 85345(-0-,-39
".M./. ,$*:$9)6)* >*)%2623 #$%&'()*+ 035*)'2 C53&5+-,-3 -3-(/,/. ,5(-2 &/(-+'+-3 %(52 65651-8- %1-37 .5851,/ Y/575( ?#L\PAB Q%&- ?#L\PA &-3 F'3, ?#LKKA9 C53&5+-,-3 -3-(/,/. ,51.56', &/&-.-1+-3 8-&8510-.-(-2-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ -,-' (56/2 ,58-,34- 75(%06-37 -+/6-, 851'6-2-3 0-..- &-(-0 6-&-3 -/1B 4-37 15(-,/8 .5&512-3-9 Q%&- 050651/+-3 1'0'. ,/377/ 75(%06-37 0-+./0'0 4-37 &/6-37+/,+-3 %(52 751-+-3 ,506%+ ?&-8-, &/'08-0-+-3 .56-7-/ ,56/37 4-37 (%37.%1 2-08/1 2%1/g%3,-(A +5 &-(-0 -/1 &-(-0 .56'-2 .-('1-3 ?&'- &/053./A .56-7-/ 651/+',@
&537-3 h0 @ +5;58-,-3 ,506%+ &-3 & @ +5&-(-0-3 -/1 F-( .51'8- &/+50'+-+-3 %(52 I-+205,5GG 4-37 053'3<'++-3 ,/377/ 75(%06-37 6%15 -+/6-, 751-+-3 &/3&/37 .5;-1- 2%1/.%3,-(9 C51.-0--3 4-37 &/+50'+-+-3 -&-(-2 @
J3,'+ 0-.-(-2 4-37 .-0- 4-/,' 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 &/6-37+/,+-3 %(52 &/3&/37 M51,/+-( 4-37 651751-+ 2%1/.%3,-( &/+50'+-+-3 %(52 S%E3.%3 ?#LLPA 4-37 &/&-.-1+-3 8-&- 05,%&- +-1-+,51/.,/+- &537-3 2-./( 053&5+-,/ +5&'- 851.-0--3 &/ -,-.9 `/+- &/6-3&/37+-3 &537-3 2-./( 0%&5( G/./+B +5&'- 851.-0--3 &/ -,-. ,5134-,-+'1-,9
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#=
".M.7. ,$*:$9)6)* B'82129 #$%&'()*+ 035*)'2 C510-.-(-2-3 ,.'3-0/ <'7- &/&5+-,/ &537-3 050651/+-3 ,-06-2-3 0-..- &-1/ &-.-1 851-/1-3 0/.-(34- %(52 F-00-O &-3 e-/;2(53 ?#LKPA9 $515+- 053'3<'++-3 6-2E- -8-6/(- +5;58-,-3 ,-06-2-3 0-..- &/ &-.-1 851-/1-3 ;'+'8 ;58-,B 0-+,/377/
75(%06-37
4-37
&/2-./(+-3
,/&-+
(-7/
,518537-1'2
%(52
+5;58-,-3
851,-06-2-3 0-..- -,-' &/.(%+-./ &-.-1 .-('1-3B 05(-/3+-3 2-34- 8-&- M%('05 &/.(%+-./ &-3 ,/377/ &/.(%+-./ &-.-19 S/85 &/.%(-+./ &/.56', /08'(./M5 &537-3 .4-1-,
H537-3 $% -&-(-2&/.(%+-./ ,%,-( ?,56-( 851'6-2-3 &-.-1A &-3 6 -&-(-2 (56-1 &/.(%+-./9
:-06-1@ Q%,-./ '3,'+ -3-(/./. 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ -+/6-, &/.(%+-./ &-.-1 851-/1-39 F-00-O &-3 e-/;2(53 053'3<'++-3 6-2E- %0-O &/ ,58/ &/3&/37 ?OWPA 053&5+-,/ $% &-3 053&5+-,/ P9]$% &/ OW6 '3,'+ ,/85 /08'(./89
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#!
>(/3751(-3& &-3 h%/72, ?#LK=A 050/3/0-(+-3 /3G%10-./ 4-37 &/851('+-3 7'3815&/+./ ,/377/ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ .--, &/6-37+/,+-3 &-3 .5,5(-2 053<-(-1 65651-8+-(/ +5&-(-0-3 &-(-0 ,/7- &/053./9 :5(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ,51.56', &/6-37+/,+-3 %(52 0-,51/-( 4-37 05('3;'1 -,-' (%37.%1 +5 &-(-0 851-/1-39 $515+- 050651/+-3 851.-0--3 .56-7-/ 651/+',@
[ @ 8-3<-37 &-51-2 (%37.%1 6 @ (56-1 &-51-2 (%37.%1 $ @ ,56-( (%37.%1-3 h. @ +5;58-,-3 (%37.%1 0-+./0'0 1 @ <-1-+ 1-&/-( &. @ 0-..- <53/. (%37.%1-3 F'651 ?#LKZA 053.%6- 0508516-/+/ 851.-0--3 >(/3751(-3& &/ -,-. '3,'+ 050651/+-3 8537-1'2 8-3<-37 8-3,-/ 8-&- ,/377/ 75(%06-37 &537-3 05377'3-+-3
&537-3 h/ M%('05 (%37.%1-3 S1/-,0-&<- ?#LLPA 053'3<'++-3 &537-3 .56'-2 +-.'. 75(%06-37 -+/6-, (%37.%1-3 ,-3-2 &/ &-3-' e/..-B 6-2E- -17'053,-./ F'651 050651/+-3 2-./( 4-37 (56/2 053&5+-,/ 0%&5( G/./+ 0-'8'3 3'051/+9 S5,-8/ 8-&- 85,- 6-,/05,1/ 4-37 (56/2 1'0/,B 853&5+-,-3 -3-(/,/+ 4-37 &/.5&512-3-+-3 0-'8'3 508/1/+ ,/&-+ -+'1-,9
".M.". N3)O) 53)O) '$*)*++5%)*+2 ()O);) 035*)'2 >5851,/ &/.56',+-3 .565('034-B 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ .51/37 051'8-+-3 75(%06-37 8-3<-37 4-37 0-08' 053<-(-1 2/377- 15(-,/8 <-'29 I-34-+ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 053;-8-/ 8-3,-/ &-(-0 +5-&--3 4-37 0-./2 ,/377/ .52/377- 0508'34-/ ./G-, 4-37 .-37-, 051'.-++-39 X(52 +-153-34- 851(' &/'8-4-+-3 853-377'(-37-3 6-2-4,.'3-0/ ,51.56',9 F-( 4-37 8-(/37 &-.-1B 4-37 0'37+/3 ,/&-+ 6-34-+ 050-+-3 6/-4Modul 3. Psang Surut !"#Z
-&-(-2 050651/+-3 853&/&/+-3 ,53,-37 6-2-4- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ,51.56', 6-7/ 0-.4-1-+-, ,51',-0- 0515+- 4-37 2/&'8 &/ &-51-2 8-3,-/ 6-/+ .5;-1- G%10-( -,-' 3%3 G%10-(9 C53&/&/+-3 /3/ 053;-+'8 0/.-(34- -&-34- +-/,-3 -3,-1- 75(%06-37 ,5+,%3/+ &537-3 +50'37+/3-3 ,51<-&/34- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/B 653,'+ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/B ,/377/ 1'3"'8 4-37 0'37+/3 ,51<-&/ &/ .'-,' (%+-./B +5;58-,-3 <-(-1 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/B .51,- 2-( 2-( 4-37 0'37+/3 -,-' +50'37+/3-3 &-8-, ,51<-&/ +,/06'( 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ &/ .'-,-' &-51-29 I53,'+ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ .5;-1- .58/3,-. ,/&-+ ,-08-+ 853,/37B 3-0'3 2-( /3/ .5653-134- -0-, .-37-, 853,/379 C512-,/+-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 &/-+/6-,+-3 %(52 &/.(%+-./ &-.-1 .5851,/ 8-&- 7-06-1 651/+',9 C-&- :-06-1 ,51.56',B 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 651751-+ +5 +-3-3 &537-3 (506-2 651-&- &/ &58-39 C-3<-37 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ,51.56', &-8-, 053;-8-/ 65651-8- +/(%05,519 C-&- .--, 053;-8-/ 8-3,-/B 4-37 ,51<-&/ -&-(-2 8-3,-/ -+-3 +51/37 -,-' ,'1'3 .5+-(/ -/134- 65651-8- .--,B +50'&/-3 &/.'.'( &537-3 8'3;-+ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 .-37-, ,/377/ &/ 65(-+-3734-9 C-&- .--, +51/37 ,51.56',B 0-.4-1-+-, 4-37 ,/&-+ 0508'34-/ 85375,-2'-3 .-0- .5+-(/B 0'37+/3 -+-3 6517506/1- 1/- ,'1'3 +5 (-', 0537-06/( /+-3B -,-'8'3 053/+0-,/ &-.-1 4-37 +51/37 ('-.B -,-' 0537/+',/ 7-1/. 8-3,-/ 4-37 053&-&-+ 0'3&'1 ,-38- .-&-1 6-2E- &/65(-+-3734- 0537-3;-0 8'3;-+ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 .-37-, &-2.4-,9
:-06-1@ >-(-2 .-,' 653,'+ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 053'<' 8-3,-/
S/&-+ 05377'3-+-3 &-51-2 6-2-4- ,.'3-0/ '3,'+ 850'+/0-3 <'7- 051'8-+-3 ,/3&-+-3 4-37 6/<-+.-3-9 S5,-8/ 2-( /3/ .'(/, &/(-+'+-3 +-153- 6-2-4- ,.'3-0/ .53&/1/ 2-08/1 ,/&-+ 0'37+/3 &/1-0-(+-3B .52/377- ,/&-+ 0'37+/3 &/851%(52 815&/+./ 4-37 ,58-, ,53,-37 &-51-2 6-2-4- ,.'3-0/9 Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#]
I5651-8- 2-( 4-37 &-8-, &/(-+'+-3B +- 850'+/0-3 -+-3 &/6-37'3 &/ &5+-, 8-3,-/ -&-(-2B -A 050651/+-3 &-51-2 .508-&-3 8-3,-/ 4-37 ;'+'8B 6AB 050651/+-3 851(/3&'37-3 -E-( &/ &-51-2 .508-&-3 8-3,-/ ,51.56', &537-3 8%2%3"8%2%3 4-37 -+-3 651G'37./ 05372-06-, .51,- 0515&'+./ ,/377/ 75(%06-37B ;A 0506'-, ./1535 ,-3&- 6-2-4- %,%0-,/. 4-37 &/8-.-37 65651-8- +/(%05,51 &-1/ 8-3,-/ &/ (-', 4-37 053&5,5+./ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ +- &-,-37B &A 05(537+-8/ &-51-2 850'+/0-3 &537-3 &-51-2 ,/377/ ?6'+/,A .56-7-/ (%+-./ 5M-+'-./ -8-6/(- ,51<-&/ 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/9
:-06-1@ >+50- 850'+/0-3 &/ &-51-2 6-2-4- ,.'3-0/
".M.A. I)$1)O ;)*+ 8$1*)O 6$13$1)*+ +$%&'()*+ 035*)'2 :2 K*:&*$32) V-,-,-3 ,53,-37 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 65.-1 +5;/( &/ U3&%35./-B .5653-134- ;'+'8 8-3<-379 I5651-8- 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 ,51;-,-, &/651/+-3 8-&- :-06-1 651/+', ?S-+50'1-B #LLLA9 $53'1', S-+50'1-B ,/377/ 1'3"'8 &/ 8'(-' *(%15. 053;-8-/ =NB= 0 &537-3 7508- ,5+,%3/+ ,51;-,-, \B] .+-(- e/;2,519 :5(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ &/ >'(-E5./ ,537-2 050651/+-3 1'3"'8 .5,/377/ (56/2 &-1/ ] 0B .5&-37+-3 7508- ,5+,%3/+ 4-37 ,51;-,-, -&-(-2 \B= .+-(- 1/;2,519 H/ I/-+B E-(-'8'3 7508- ,5+,%3/+ 053;-8-/ KB= .+-(- e/;2,51 3-0'3 ,/377/ 1'3"'8 2-34- \9\ 09 >5<-+ ,-2'3 #LN] 2/377- ,-2'3 #LLN Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#N
,51;-,-, #P 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ 4-37 651-1,/ 151-,- +5<-&/-3 75(%06-37 ,.'3-0/ ! ,-2'3 .5+-(/9
".P. #$%&'()*+ H):)2 :5(%06-37 6-&-/ &/,51<50-2+-3 .5;-1- 2-1-G/-2 &-1/ 6-2-.- -.(/34- -).#/ -0#&19 b-37 &/0-+.'& -&-(-2 75(%06-37 4-37 ,51<-&/ +-153- -37/3 ?6-&-/A 4-37 ,51'. 05351'. 8-&- .'-,' -15- (-',9 T37/3 4-37 651751-+ ,51'. 05351'. ,51.56', 050651/+-3 53517/34- .52/377- 8-1,/+5( -/1 .5;-1- +5.5('1'2-3 /+', 651751-+ +-153053&-8-,+-3 53517/9 `/+- -37/3 ,51'. 6512506'. +5-1-2 &-1-,-3B 0-+- -/1 8'3 ,51'. 05345.'-/+-3 &/1/ 651751-+ +5 &-1-,-3 2/377- 053;-8-/ +5.5,/06-37-39 C-&- .--, .5,/06-37 ,51.56', -/1 ,/&-+ (-7/ &-8-, 651751-+B +-153- 7-4- 75.5+ %(52 -37/3 .-0&537-3 7-4- 71-M/,-./ 4-37 2-1'. &/(-E-3 %(52 -37/3B +-153- .50-+/3 +5 &-1-, 5(5M-./ 0'+- -/1 3-/+9
:-06-1@ 75(%06-37 6-&-/
H5-3 &-3 H-(1408(5 ?#LKZA 053'3<'++-3 +53-/+-3 5(5M-./ 0'+- -/1 -+/6-, -37/3 8-&- &-.-1 2%1/.%3,-( .56-7-/ 651/+',
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#\
F-17- 3 651+/.-1 -3,-1- #B#] 2/377- #B! ?>C$B#LKZA9 F-17- ,57-37-3 75.5+ -37/3 ' 23 ,5(-2 6-34-+ &/,5(/,/ &-3 651/+', /3/ &/651/+-3 .5.'-/ &537-3 h-3 H%13 ?#L]!A 4-37 &/0'-, &-(-0 H5-3 &-3 H-(1408(5 ?#LKZA9
&537-3 Y @ +5;58-,-3 -37/3 ?0R&5,/+A 4-37 &/'+'1 8-&- +5,/377/-3 #P 0 &/ -,-. 8510'+--3 -/1 (-', + @ +%5G/./53 75.5+ 4-37 65.-134-
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
Modul 3.
Psang Surut
!"#K