Laporan Mikrobiologi Farmasi Pemeriksaan Makanan

LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM MIKROBIOLOGI

PEMERIKSAAN MAKANAN & MINUMAN

Percobaan Percobaan ke :17-18 :17-18 (Tujuhbl (Tujuhbla-!ela a-!ela"anbel "anbela# a# $ar% an Tan''al Tan''al Percobaan: Ka%-)u*a+, 1- !eeber .1/ Kelo"ok

:  (!ua#

0RUP 

 NAMA

: 2UNITA

 NPM

: 1345.3.1.1

FAKULTAS FAKULTAS FARMASI FARMASI UNIVERSITAS 17 AGUSTUS 1945 JAKARTA

I. II.

III.

Judul Perc!""#

: Peer%kaan Makanan an M%nuan

Tu$u"# Perc!""# : a6 Un+uk en'e+ahu% kual%+a akanan an %nuan en'an cara en'e+ahu%  julah %kroor'an%e an' +erkanun' beraarkan n%la% Mort Probable  Number  (MPN#  b6 Men'e+ahu% jaa %n%ka+or "aa a%n'-a%n' a"el c6 Men'e+ahu% cara "en'ab%lan a"el 6 Men'e+ahu% e+oe "eer%kaan akanan an %nuan e6 Un+uk en'e+ahu% h%'e%n%+a akanan T%#$"u"# Ter%

:

erba'a% aca uj% okrob%olo'% a"a+ %lakukan +erhaa" bahan "an'an, el%"u+% uj% kuan+%+a+%9 %kroba un+uk enen+ukan aa +ahan ua+u akanan, uj% kual%+a+%9 bak+er%  "a+o'en un+uk enene+ukan +%n'ka+ keaanan an uj% %n%ka+or un+uk enen+ukan +%n'ka+ an%+a% akanan +erebu+6 Pen'uj%an an' %lakukan +erhaa" +%a" bahan "an'an +%ak aa +er'an+un' berba'a% 9ak+or, e"er+% jen% an ko"o%% bahan "an'an, cara "en'e"akan an  "en%"anan er+a kou%na, kelo"ok konuen an berba'a% 9ak+or la%nna (Raona, ..7#6 Me+oe MPN b%aana b%aana %lakukan un+uk en'h%+un' julah %kroba % ala con+oh an' berben+uk ca%r, ek%"un a"a+ "ula %'unakan un+uk con+oh berben+uk "aa+ en'an +erleb%h ahulu ebua+ u"en% 1:1. ar% con+oh +erebu+ (Sur%aan, ..8#6 Me+oe MPN %'unakan e%u ca%r % ala +abun' reak%, %ana "erh%+un'anna %lakukan beraarkan julah +abun' an' "o%+%9 a%+u an' %+ubuh% oleh jaa ren%k  e+elah %nkuba% "aa uhu an ak+u +er+en+u6 Pen'aa+an +abun' an' "o%+%9 a"a+ %l%ha+ en'an en'aa+% +%bulna kekeruhan a+au +erben+ukna 'a % ala +abun' kec%l (+abun' !urha# an' %le+akkan "aa "o%% +erbal%k, a%+u un+uk jaa ren%k "eben+uk 'a6 !ala e+oe MPN, "en'enceran haru %lakukan leb%h +%n''% ar%"aa "en'enceran ala h%+un'an caan, eh%n''a bebera"a +abun' an' ber%% e%u ca%r an' %%nokula%kan en'an laru+an ha%l "en'enceran +erebu+ en'anun' a+u el, bebera"a +abun' an' la%nna en'anun' leb%h ar% a+u el a+au +abun' la%nna +%ak en'anun' el6 !en'an e%k%an e+elah %nkuba%, %hara"kan +erja% "er+ubuhan "aa bebera"a +abun' an' %na+akan eba'a% +abun' "o%+%9, ean'kan +abun' la%nna ne'a+%96 S+anar "la+e ;oun+ (An'ka
akan en'ha%lkan an'ka %nek6 An'ka %n% %eua%kan en'an +abel MPN un+uk  enen+ukan julah kol%9or ala a"el6 (!%joe"u+ro6 ..3 ) M%kroba an' +erkanun' ala akanan b%a enebabkan +erja%na keruakan %krob%olo'% "aa akanan eh%n''a +%ak laak un+uk %konu%6 Un+uk en'e+ahu% laak a+au +%akna ua+u bahan akanan un+uk %konu% oleh aaraka+, "erlu %lakukan  "en'uj%an %kroba an' +erkanun' ala akanan +erebu+, alah a+u cara +erebu+ aalah en'an anal%% kuan+%+a+%9 %krob%olo'% "aa bahan "an'an (uckle 1>87#6 ;ara %n% an'a+  "en+%n' %lakukan un+uk en'e+ahu% u+u bahan "an'an6 anak cara an' a"a+ %lakukan un+uk en'e+ahu% julah jaa ren%k % ala ua+u u"en% a+au bahan6 ;ara-cara +erebu+ %beakan enja% bebera"a kelo"ok, a%+u: 16

Perh%+un'an julah el • • •

6

$%+un'an %kroko"% $%+un'an caan MPN ( Most Probable Number) Perh%+un'an aa el ecara lan'un'

• • •

56

?olue+r%c 0ra@%e+r%c Kekeruhan (+urb%%e+er# Perh%+un'an aa el ecara +ak lan'un'

• • •

Anal%% ko"onen el ("ro+e%n, !NA, ATP# Anal%% "rouk ka+abol%e (e+abol%+ "r%er, e+abol%+ ekuner, "ana# Anal%% konu% nu+r%en (karbon, n%+ro'en, ok%'en, aa a%no, %neral#6

E#d A&"r Me%a Eno A'ar aalah e%a e%a elek+%9 an e%a %9eren%al an' %'unakan un+uk en'%ola% bak+er% ba+an' 'ra ne'a+%9 beraarkan kea"uan bak+er% e9eren+a% lak+oa a+au +%ak6 Me%a %n% "aa aalna %bua+ un+uk en'%ola% bak+er% ba+an' "enebab +%9u (+"ho%# keu%an berkeban' enja% e%a %9eren%al +eru+aa un+uk kon9%ra%  "eer%kaan bak+er% col%9or6

MSA Man%+ol Sal+ A'ar (MSA# eru"akan e%a "er+ubuhan khuu bak+er% halo"h%le an a"a+ ebeakan S+a"hlococcu "a+o'en an non"a+ho'en%c6 Man%+ol Sal+ eru"akan e%a elek+%9 karena e%l%k% konen+ra% an' an'a+ +%n''% Na;l (7,3#6 6 Kebanakan bak+er% +%ak a"a+ ber+ahan h%u" % l%n'kun'an kaar 'ara an'a+ +%n''% ( h%"er+on%k#6 Ta"% 'enu Staphylococcus un'k%n uah beraa"+a% en'an l%n'kun'an +%n''% kaar 'ara an +ubuh ba%k % e%a %n%6

T'BS

Th%oul"ha+e ;%+ra+e %le Sal+ Sucroe A'ar ( T;S A'ar # aalah e%a %krob%olo'% an' %'unakan un+uk %ola% ecara elek+%9 er+a "roe kul+%@a% ar% ?%br%o ;holera an ?%br%o en+ero"a+ho'en%k la%nna an' enebabkan keracunan "aa akanan6

S(A Sabourau !eB+roe A'ar %'unakan un+uk bu%aa jaur6 Seua% en'an $aron%=e USP CEP C )P ReDu%reen+ 6R%n'kaan Prouk an Penjelaan Sabourau !eB+roe A'ar (S!A# eru"akan o%9%ka% ar% !eB+roe A'ar en'an Sabourau6 S!A %'unakan un+uk bu%aa jaur "a+o'en & koenal an ra'%6 Konen+ra% ek+roa an' +%n''% an "$ aa ar% ruu eun'k%nkan elek+%@%+a 9un'%6 Men%n'ka+kan S!A en'an "enabahan ccloheB%%e, +re"+o%%n, an "en%%l%n un+uk en'ha%lkan e%a an' an'a+ ba%k un+uk %ola% +eru+aa era+o9%+6 Sabourau !eB+roe A'ar %'unakan un+uk  enen+ukan kanun'an %kroba ala koe+%k, ju'a %'unakan ala e@alua% %kolo'% akanan, an ecara kl%n% eban+u ala %a'no% ra'% an jaur "enebab%n 9ek%6

SSA Me%u SSA (Salonella Sh%'ella A'ar# eru"akan e%u %9eren%al un+uk  elakukan %ola% elek+%9 ar% en+erobak+er "a+o'en%k khuuna 'enu Salmonella an Shigella6 Me%u %n% a"a+ en'ha"a+ "er+ubuhan %krob%a 'ara- "o%+%96 Kanun'ana aalah ek+rak a'%n' (3 '#, kae%n "ankrea (63 '#, "e"+%a ar% jar%n'an +anaan (63 '#, lak+oa (1. '#, 'ara e"eu (863 '#, o%u %+ra+ (863 '#, o%u +%oul9a+ (863 '#, be% %+ra+ (1 '#, neutral red  (.6.3 '#, a'ar (1563 '# an brilliant green (.655. '#6

IV.

Al") d"# !"*"#

a6 Ala+

N . 16 6 56 46 36 /6

N"+" Al")

U,ur"#

Ju+l"*

;aan "e+r% )aru e unen Tabun' reak% Tabun' urha P%"e+ @olue

/ 1 1 1 1 4

76 86

P%"e+ +abun' bjec+ 'la

S+anar S+anar S+anar S+anar S+anar 1 <, <,3 <, 1. < S+anar S+anar

1 

 b6 ahan

N. 16 6 56 46 36 /6 76 86 >6 1.6

V.

N"+" B"*"# Sa"el akanan ADua +er%l Alkohol T;S S!A MSA SS Eno A'ar u99er Pho"a+ Kalu lak+oa

-u$ud Paa+ ;a%r ;a%r Paa+ Paa+ Paa+ Paa+ Paa+ ;a%r ;a%r

K#e#)r"% 7. 5. -

Ju+l"* 1 3. < 1.. < 1 1 1 1 1 1.. < 3. <

Predur Ker$" N . 16 6

56

Predur Ker$"

/"%l Pe#&"+")"#

S+er%lkan ala+ an +an'an ua+ kalu lak+oa un+uk 13 +abun' F1. <, 1. +abun' jubo, 3 +abun' ean' an le+akkan +abun' urha %alana

Tabahkan a"el akanan ke ala +abun' an' ber%% kalu lak+oa en'an @olue F1. < un+uk 3 +abun' ouble +ren'+h, F1 < unn+uk 3 +abun' konen+ra% noral, F.,1 < un+uk 3 +abun' konen+ra% noral

0P"d" )"!u#& "##& d%+"u,,"# 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el 31 +L +e#&*"%l,"# &ele+!u#& 2"d" )"!u#& dur*"+ d%d"l"+ #"

46 36

/6

ua+ TSA 1..< un+uk / caan  "e+r% F13 < ua+ "en'enceran ar% a"el akanan ke ala caan "e+r% ker%n' an +uan'% TSA +er%l P%"e+ .,1 < "en'enceran a"el akanan lalu +uan' ke ala eno a'ar, MSA, S!A, SS an T;S lalu % +u+u" an %ber% "la+%k ra" keu%an %%nkuba% elaa 4 ja ala %nkuba+or 57.;

0P"d" )"!u#& "##& d%+"u,,"# 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el 1 +L +e#&*"%l,"# &ele+!u#& 2"d" )"!u#& dur*"+ d%d"l"+ #"

0P"d" )"!u#& "##& d%+"u,,"# 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el 13 +L +e#&*"%l,"# &ele+!u#& 2"d" )"!u#& dur*"+ d%d"l"+ #"

0P"d" ,ee#"+ )"!u#& "#& +e#&*"%l,"# &ele+!u#& d%"+!%l e6 e l"lu d%)"#"+ 2"d" BGLB +e#&*"%l,"# *"%l 2%)% d%)"#d"% de#&"# )er$"d%#" ,e,eru*"#

0P"d" +ed%" MSA "#& d%)"#"+% 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el +","#"# )er$"d% 2eru!u*"# 8"r#" d"r% r"#&e +e#$"d% ,u#%#& "#& +e#"#d","# !"*8" "+2el +e#&"#du#& Staphylococcus aureus

0P"d" +ed%" SSA "#& d%)"#"+% 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el +","#"# )erd"2") 2er)u+!u*"# ,l#% "%)u Salmonella thypii 

0P"d" +ed%" T'BS "#& d%)"#"+% 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el +","#"# +e#&*"%l,"# *"%l #e&")% d%)"#d"% de#&"# +ed%" !e#%#&

0P"d" +ed%" E#d "&"r "#& d%)"#"+% 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el +","#"# )erd"2") 2er)u+!u*"# $"+ur ,"re#" )er$"d% ,#)"+%#"% 2"d" "") d%%#,u!"%

0P"d" +ed%" S(A "#& d%)"#"+% 2e#&e#cer"# "+2el +","#"# +e#&*"%l,"# *"%l #e&")% d%)"#d"% de#&"# +ed%" !e#%#&

0P"d" TSA "#& d%)"#"+% "+2el 1 +L +e#&*"%l,"# *"%l 2%)%

0P"d" TSA "#& d%)"#"+% "+2el 31 +L +e#&*"%l,"# *"%l 2%)%

0(%l",u,"# 2e8"r#""# &r"+ 2"d" BLGB "#& +e#&*"%l,"# !"*8" "+2el +","#"# )ere!u) +e#&"#du#&  Staphylococcus aureus  d"#  Salmonella thypii 

TABEL PENGAMATAN N. 13 +L 0du!le )re#&)*

16 6

G G

PER/ITUNGAN

S"+2el M","#"# 1 +L 0%#&le )re#&)*

G G

31 +L 0%#&le )re#&)*

G -

Karena "aa keua +abun' "aa e+%a" konen+ra% "enabahan a"el enanakan ha%l "o%+%9 kecual% "aa 1 +abun' .,1 <, aka %nek MPN an' %a"a+ ar% kob%na% --1 eua% en'an +abel MPN aalah 8 "er 1.. <6 VI.

Pe+!"*""#

Paa "ercobaan %n% kelo"ok  en''unakan a%r keran un+uk %ja%kan a"el ala  "ercobaan6 Percobaan %n% ber+ujuan un+uk en'e+ahu% kual%+a akanan er+a julah %kroor'an%e an' aa "aa a"el akanan beraarkan n%la% Mo+ Probable Nuber  (MPN#6Un+uk enen+ukan a"akah bahan akanan %+u ba%k a+au +%ak ar% uu+ %krob%olo'%6 Me+oe "eer%kaan MPN HMo+ Probable Nuber an' enunjukkan aana ejulah kuan  E.coli "er 1.. l6 !en'an en'aa+% ere+ +abun' lak+oa an' enuburkan "er+ubuhan bakteri eh%n''a %"eroleh n%la% an'ka an' eneka+% julah ebenarna6 Percobaan %n% +er%r% ar% 5 uj% a%+u Uj% Peru+%9 (Uj% Penu'aan#, Uj% Kon9%ra+%9 (Uj% Penen+uanCPan'ua+# an Uj% ;o"le+e (Uj% Pelen'ka"#6 Uj% Peru+%9 (Uj% Penu'aan# Uj% %n% %lakukan en'an eebua+ kalu lak+oa "aa > +abun' bear an' %ba'% enja% 5 +abun' ouble +ren'+h an' %+abahkan Pen'enceran Sa"el a%n' J a%n' 1. l, 5 +abun' konen+ra% noral an' %+abahkan 1 l Pen'enceran a"el an5 +abun' la%nna en'an konen+ra% noral an' %+abahkan .,1 l Pen'enceran a"el6 Pen'enceran a"el %bua+ ar% 1 l a"el an' %+abahkan > l ADuae+ +er%l6 Paa uj% %n% ju'a %lakukan "en'enceran a"el 1C1., 1C1.., 1C1... keala "e+r% +er%l an %+uan'% en'an TSA +er%l an %bua+ con+rol (G# un+uk aDuae+ +er%l an con+rol (J# un+uk e%a, keu%an %%nkuba+or "aa uhu 57; elaa 4 ja6 e+elah %%nkuba% an %aa+% +era"a+  bebera"a +abun' an' +era"a+ 'elebun' 'a "aa +abun' urha6 Terben+ukna 'a ala lac+oe bro+h a+au ala 0< +%ak elalu enunjukan bak+er%  E.coli  karena %kroba la%na un'k%n ju'a aa an' a"a+ e9eren+a%kan lak+oa en'an eben+uk 'a, %alna bak+er% aa lak+a+ an bebera"a kha%r +er+en+u6 leh karena %+u "erlu % lakukan uj% "en'ua+6 Uj% Kon9%ra+%9 (Uj% Penen+uanCPen'ua+# Uj% %n% %lakukan en'an cara eer%ka ar% ha%l kalu lak+oa an' "o%+%9 "aa uj%  "eru+%9, keu%an %bua+ 0< ("aa ouble +ren'+h# eua% en'an julah kalu lak+oa an' "o%+%9 an %%nkuba+or "aa uhu 57; elaa 4 ja an %h%+un' kolon% an' +ubuh  "aa caan "e+r% "aa eua "en'enceran6 Uj% ;o"le+e (Uj% Pelen'ka"#

Uj% %n% %lakukan en'an enana a"el an' +elah %laru+kan ala e%a (MSA, SSA, S!A, Eno A'ar, T;S# an' keu%an % %nkuba+or "aa uhu 57; elaa 4 ja6 Se+elah %%nkuba% an %aa+% ha%l ar% "ercobaan %a+a %a"a+kan ha%l baha "aa e%a S!A an T;S en'ha%lkan ha%l ne'a+%9 %+ana% en'an a%h ben%n'na keua e%a +erebu+ an' berar+% +%ak aana "er+ubuhan kolon%, "aa e%a Eno A'ar +erja%  "er+ubuhan jaur "aa ujun' caan "e+r% an' %ebabkan +erja%na kon+a%na% "aa aa+ %lakukan %nkuba% akan +e+a"% "aa e%a MSA en'ha%lkan ha%l "o%+%9 %+ana% en'an "erubahan arna "aa e%a an' berar+% +era"a+ na "er+ubuhan kolon% S+a"hlococcu aureu an' %ha%lkan oleh a"el akanan an' %"aka%, "aa e%a SSA  ju'a en'ha%lkan ha%l "o%+%9 an' berar+% "aa e%a +erebu+ +era"a+ "er+ubuhan kolon% Salonella +"h%% an' %ha%lkan oleh a"el akanan an' %'unakan6 Se+elah %lakukan +%'a +aha" +erebu+ a"a+ %%"ulkan baha a"el an' %'unakan en'anun' bak+er% Staphylococcus aureus an Salmonella thypii, hal %n% a"a+ %l%ha+ ar%  "erlakuan an' "er+aa %lakukan en'an en''unakan TSA an' %ala na +era"a+ +abun' urha en'ha%lkan ha%l "o%+%9 en'an aana 'elebun' "aa +abun' urha keu%an %lakukan +aha" keua%lakukan a%+u en'an enana ha%l "o%+%9 "aa TSA keala 0< an' enunjukkan ha%l "o%+%9 ebab aana kekeruhan an' +erja% "aa +abun' keu%an %lakukan +aha" an' +erakh%r "enanaan "aa e%a, an' en'h%lkan ha%l "o%+%9 "aa e%a MSA an SSA6 Paa e%a MSA, a"a+ %%"ulkan baha a"el akanan +erebu+ en'anun' Staphylococcus aureus an' eru"akan bak+er% 'ra "o%+%9  an' enebabkan %n9ek% "aa anu%a ean'kan "aa SSA a"a+ %+ar%k ke%"ulan  baha a"el akanan +erebu+ en'anun' Salmonella thypii  an' eru"akan bak+er% an' a"a+ enebabkan "enak%+ +h"u6 Aa na kanun'an bak+er% +erebu+ "aa a"el akanan a"a+ %ebabkan oleh "en'olahan an' +%ak benar, e"er+% en''unakan bahan bahan an' +%ak eharuna %"aka% eh%n''a ke h%'e%n%+aan akanan +erebu+ renah6

I. Ke%+2ul"#

•

Percobaan %n% +er%r% ar% 5 uj% a%+u Uj% Peru+%9 (Uj% Penu'aan#, Uj% Kon9%ra+%9  (Uj% Penen+uanCPan'ua+# an Uj% ;o"le+e (Uj% Pelen'ka"#6 Eno a'ar an S!A eru"akan e%a an' %'unakan un+uk enunjukkan aa +%akna jaur "aa a"el MSA eru"akan e%a an' %'unakan un+uk enunjukkan aa +%akna S+a"hlococcu aureu "aa a"el SSA eru"akan e%a an' %'unakan un+uk enunjukkan aa +%akna Salonella +h"%% "aa a"el T;S eru"akan e%a an' %'unakan un+uk enunjukkan aa +%akna ?%br%o  "aa a"el ADuae+ +er%l %'unakan eba'a% kon+rol "o%+%9 an TSA %'unakan eba'a% kon+rol ne'a+%9  Sa"el "o%+%9 en'anun' Staphylococcus aureus an Salmonella thypii

II. (")"r Pu)","

a6 Raona, 26, R6 Kaur%, I6606 !araaa6 ..76 Penun+un Prak+%ku M%krob%olo'% Uu  b6 Sur%aan, E, )u%+a6, ..86 )urnal "enel%+%an %krob%olo'% "an'an Huj% kual%+a a%r juruan b%olo'% 9akul+a a%n an +eknolo'%, un%@er%+a %la ne'er% alan'6 h++":CC6cr%b6co6 !% ake +an''al 1 !eeber .1/1-.

c. Pelczar, M.J. dan Chan, E. C. S., 2006, Dasar-dasar Mikrobiologi Jilid 2, U Press, Jakar!a d. "obel, #. $isco, dkk., 200%. Mikrobiologi U&'& Dala& Prak!ek. Makassar ( Uniersi!as *asan'ddin. e. D+idose'!ro. 200. Dasar-Dasar Mikrobiologi. Da&ba!an.  Jakar!a.

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