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DIVISION 12. 2. RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCIES SECTION 10.2.12.1 CLASSIFICATION Residential occupancies shall include all occupancies so classified in Division 3 of this IRR. They shall be classified in the following groups, subject to determination by the Chief, BFP or his duly authorized representative. A.Ho te ls – includes – includes buildings or groups of building under the same management in which there are more than fifteen (15) sleeping accommodations for hire, primarily used by transients who are lodged with or without meals, whether designated as a hotel, inn, motel, or by any other name. So-called appartelle, condotel or pension houses shall be classified as hotels, because they are potentially subject to transient occupancy like that of hotels. B.Do rm it o rie s – – includes buildings where group sleeping accommodation are provided for persons, not members of the same family group in one room or in series of closely associated room under joint occupancy and single management, as in college dormitories, convents, fraternity houses, military barracks, and the like. C.Apartment Buildings – – includes buildings containing three (3) or more living units independent cooking and bathroom facilities, whether designated as condominium, row house, apartment house, tenement, garden apartment, or by any other name. D.Lodging or Rooming Houses – includes – includes building in which separate sleeping rooms are rented providing sleeping accommodations for a total of fifteen (15) or less persons, on either a transient or permanent basis; with or without meals, but without separate cooking facilities for individual occupants. E.Single-and-Two Family D wellings – includes – includes detached dwellings in which each living unit is occupied by members of a single family. SECTION 10.2.12.2 REQUIREMENTS A.Occupant Load The occupant load of residential occupancies in number of persons for whom exits are to be provided except in detached single-and-two-family dwellings shall be determined on the basis of one (1) person per eighteen and six-tenths square meters (18.6 m2) gross floor area, or the maximum probable population of any room or section under consideration, whichever is greater. The occupant load of any open mezzanine or balcony shall be added to the occupant load of the floor below for the purpose of determining exit capacity. B.Capacity of Exits Capacity of means of egress shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2
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paragraph “C” of this IRR. C.Maintenanc e of Exits 1.No door in any means of egress shall be locked against egress when the building is occupied. 2.No residential occupancy shall have its means of egress pass through any nonresidential occupancy in the same building, except in buildings provided with approved, supervised sprinkler system provided that the means of egress shall not pass through a high hazard content area as determined by the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction and the means of egress shall be separated by a construction of not less than 1 hour. 3.No guest room or guest suite shall be permitted to be located above a nonresidential occupancy except when the guest room or guest suite and its exits are separated from the nonresidential occupancy by construction having a fire resistance rating of not less than 1 hour or when the nonresidential occupancy is protected throughout by approved, supervised sprinkler system. SECTION 10.2.12.3 HOTELS AND DORMITORIES A.Re q u ire m e n ts 1.Any ballroom assembly or exhibition hall, and other space used for purposes of public assembly shall be in accordance, with Division 7 of this Chapter. Restaurant having a capacity of fifty (50) or more persons shall be treated as places of assembly. 2.Any dormitory divided into suites of rooms, with one or more bedrooms opening into a living room or study that has a door opening into a common corridor serving number of suites, shall be classified as an apartment building. B.Exit Details 1.Re q u ire m e n ts a. Any room having a capacity of less than fifty (50) persons with an outside door at street or ground level may have such outside door as a single exit provided that no part of the room or area is more than fifteen and one-fourth meters (15.25 m) from the door measured along the natural path of travel. b. Any floor below the floor of exit discharge occupied for public purposes shall have exits arranged in accordance with the subsequent paragraph of this Section, with access thereto in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR. c. Any floor below the floor of exit discharge not open to the public and used only for mechanical equipment, storage, and service operations (other than kitchens which are considered part of
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the hotel occupancy) shall have exits appropriate to its actual occupancy in accordance with applicable sections of this Chapter. d. The same stairway or other exit required to serve any one upper floor may also serve other upper floor, except that no inside open stairway, escalator, or ramp may serve as a required egress from more than one floor. 2.Types ofExits Exits, arranged in accordance with Division 5 of this Chapter, shall be one or more of the following types: a. Doors, provided that doors in any means of egress shall not be locked against egress when the building is occupied. Delayed egress locks may be permitted, provided that not more than one such is located in any one egress path. b. Stairs and smokeproof enclosures. b. Ramps. c. Horizontal exits.
3.Minimum Corridor Width Corridors, other than those in within individual guest rooms or individual guest suites, shall be of sufficient width to accommodate the required occupant load and shall not be less than one hundred twelve centimeters (112 cm) . 4.Number of Exits Not less than two (2) exits shall be accessible from every floor, including floors below the floor of exit discharge and occupied for public purposes. 5.Travel Distanc e to Exits a. Any exit shall be such that it will not be necessary to travel more than thirty meters (30 m) from the door of any room to reach the nearest exit. b. Travel distance within a guest room or guest suite to a corridor door shall not exceed twenty three meters (23 m) in buildings not protected by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system.
c. Travel distance within a guest room or guest suite to a corridor door shall not exceed thirty eight meters (38 m) in buildings protected by an approved, supervised sprinkler system.
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6.Access to and Arrangement of Exits a. Access to all required exits shall be in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR, shall be unobstructed, and shall not be veiled from open view by ornamentation, curtain, or other appurtenance. b. Means of egress shall be so arranged that, from every point in any open area or from any room door, exits will be accessible in at least two (2) different directions. c. Doors between guest rooms and corridors shall be self-closing. d. Common path of travel shall not exceed ten meters (10 m). e. Dead end corridors shall not exceed six meters (6 m). 7.Disc harge from Exits a. At least half of the required number of units of exit from upper f loors, exclusive of horizontal exits, shall load directly to the street or through a yard, court, or passageway with protected openings and separated from all parts of the interior of the buildings. b. A maximum of fifty percent (50%) of the exits may discharge through areas on the floor of exit discharge provided: i.
Such exits discharge to a free and unobstructed way to the exterior of the building, which way is readily visible and identifiable from the point of discharge from the exit.
ii.
The floor of discharge into which the exit discharge is provided with automatic fire suppression system and any other portion of the level of discharge with access to the discharge area is provided with automatic fire suppression system or separated from it in accordance with the requirements for the enclosure of exit. (See Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR),
iii.
The entire area on the floor of discharge is separated from areas below by construction having a minimum fire-resistance rating of two (2) hours. 8.Lighting and Signs
a. Each public space, hallway, stairway, or other means of egress shall have illumination in accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 of this IRR. Access to exit shall be continuously illuminated at all times. Any hotel and dormitory shall have emergency lighting installed in individual guest rooms or guest suites, hallways, landings of stairways and other appropriate areas as determined by the C/MFM having jurisdiction.
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b. Every exit access door from public hallways or from corridors on floors with sleeping accommodations shall have an illuminated sign in accordance with Section 10.2.5.12 of this IRR. Where exits are not visible in a hallway or corridor, illuminated directional signs shall be provided to indicate the direction of exit. C.Pro te c tio n 1.Protection of Vertical Openings a. Every stairway, elevator shaft and other vertical openings shall be enclosed or protected in accordance with Section 10.2.6.2 of this IRR. b. Any required exit stair which is so located that it is necessary to pass through the lobby or other open space to reach the outside of the building shall be continuously enclosed down to the lobby level. c. No floor below the floor of exit discharge, used only for storage, heating requirements, or other than hotel occupancy open to guest or the public, shall have unprotected openings to floors used for hotel purposes.
2.Protection of Guest Rooms a. In any new hotel building every corridor shall be separated from guest rooms by partitions having at least a one (1) hour fire resistance rating. b. Each guest room shall be provided with a door having a fire protection rating at least twenty (20) minutes. c. Openings in corridor partitions other than door openings shall be prohibited. d. Doors that open directly onto exit access corridors shall be selfclosing and self-latching. 3.Interior Finish Interior finish, in accordance with Section 10.2.6.3 of this IRR and subject to the limitations and modifications therein specified, shall be as follows: a. For new c onstruc tion or new Interior Finish i.
Exits – Class A or Class B;
ii. Lobbies, corridors – Class A or Class B; iii. Places of assembly – See Section 10.2.8.1 of this IRR;
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iv.
Individual guest rooms – B, or C; and b. Existing Interior Finish i. Exits – Class A or B; ii. Lobbies and Corridors; a. Used as exit access – Class A or B b. Not used as required exit access – Class A, B or C iii. Places of Assembly – See Section 10.2.8.16 of this IRR; iv. Individual guest rooms – Class A, B or C; and v. Other rooms – Class A, B or C. 4.Fire Detection and Alarm System
a. An automatic fire detection and alarm system, in accordance with Section 10.2.6.4 of this IRR, shall be provided for any hotel or dormitory having accommodations for fifteen (15) or more guests. For less than 15 guests, a manual fire alarm system shall be installed. b. Every sounding device shall be of such character and so located as to arouse all occupants of the building or section thereof endangered by fire.
c. An alarm-sending station and manual fire alarm box shall be provided at the hotel desk or other convenient central control point under continuous supervision of responsible employees. d. Suitable facilities shall be provided for immediate notification of the BFP. e. Positive fire alarm sequence may be permitted. f. Hotels and dormitories including its guest rooms and guests suites shall be required to be equipped with both audible and visible notification appliance. g. In hotels and dormitories not equipped with automatic fire detection and alarm system, guest rooms, living area and sleeping rooms within a guest suite shall be installed with single-station smoke detectors. 5.Extinguishing Requirements a. All buildings shall be protected throughout by an approve, supervised sprinkler system except in buildings where all guest sleeping rooms or guest suites have a door opening directly outside at the street or grade level or exterior exit access arranged in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR in buildings up to and including three (3) storeys in height. b. Listed quick response or listed residential sprinklers shall be used throughout guest rooms and guest room suites. c. Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with
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Section 10.2.6.7 of this IRR.
a.
b.
a.
b.
6.Subdivision of Building Spaces In buildings not protected by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system, each hotel guest room, including guest suites, and dormitory rooms shall be separated from other guest rooms or dormitory rooms by walls and floors having fire resistance ratings of not less than one (1) hour. In buildings protected throughout by an approved, supervised automatic sprinkler system, each hotel guest room, including guest suites, and dormitory room shall be separated from other guest rooms or dormitory rooms by walls and floors constructed a fire barriers having fire resistance ratings of not less than one half (½) hour. 7.Ha za rd o us A r e a s Any room containing high pressure boilers, refrigerating machinery, transformers, or other service equipment to possible explosion shall not be located directly under or directly adjacent to exits. All such rooms shall be effectively cut off from other parts of the building as specified in Section 10.2.6.8 of this IRR. Every hazardous area shall be separated from other parts of the building by construction having a fire-resistance rating of at least one (1) hour and communicating openings shall be protected by approved automatic or self-closing fire doors, or such area shall be equipped with automatic fire suppression system. Where a hazard is high as determined by the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction, both fire-resistive construction and automatic fire suppression system shall be used. Hazardous areas include, but are not limited to:
i. Boiler and heater rooms ii. Laundries iii. Repair shops iv. Rooms or spaces used storage of combustible supplies and equipment in quantified deemed hazardous by the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction. D.Building Service Equipment 1.Air-Conditioning and Ventilation a. Every air conditioning installation shall comply with Division 7 of this Chapter. b. No transom/windowpane shall be installed in partition of sleeping rooms in new buildings. In existing buildings transoms shall be fixed in the closed position and shall be covered or otherwise protected to provide a fire-resistance rating at least equivalent to that of the wall in which they are installed. 2.All other building services equipment installed or used in hotels and dormitories shall comply with Division 7 of this Chapter . SECTION 10.2.12.4 APARTMENT BUILDINGS A.Genera l Requir em ents 1.Any apartment building which complied with all of the preceding requirements of this Section for hotels may be considered as a hotel and as such, the following requirements for apartment buildings will not be applicable.
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2.Every individual unit covered by this Section shall at least comply with the minimum provisions of Section 10.2.12.6 of this IRR entitled Single and Two-Family Dwellings. B.Exit Details 1.Gener alTypesand Capacitiesof Exits a. Exits of the same arrangement, types and capacities, as required by Section 10.2.12.3 of this IRR shall be provided.
b. Street floor exits shall be sufficient for the occupant load of the street floor plus the required capacity of stairs and ramps discharging onto the street floor. 2.Number of Exits a. Every living unit shall have access to at least two (2) separate exits. Exception 1: Any living unit, which has an exit directly to the street or yard at ground level or by way of an outside stairway that serve a maximum of two units or an enclosed stairway with fire-resistance rating of one (1) hour or more serving that apartment only and not communicating with any floor below the floor of exit discharge or other area not a part of the apartment served, may have a single exit. Exception 2: Apartment buildings of not more than three storeys in height with not more than six (6) living units per floor, with a smoke- proof enclosure or an outside stairway as the exit, immediately accessible to all apartments served thereby, may have a single exit. Exception 3: Any building not more than three (3) storeys in height with no floor below the floor of exit discharge or, in case there is such a floor, with the street floor construction of at least one-hour fire resistance, may have a single exit, under the following conditions: i. The stairway is completely enclosed with a partition having a fire resistance rating of at least one (1) hour with self-closing fire doors protecting all openings between the stairway enclosed and the building. ii. The stairway does not serve any floor below the floor of exit discharge, iii. All corridors serving as access to exits at least a one (1) hour fireresistance rating. iv. There is not more than six and one-tenth meters (6.10 m) of travel distance to reach an exit from entrance door of any living unit.
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3.Minimum Corridor Width a. Corridors with a required capacity of more than 50 persons shall be of sufficient width to accommodate the required occupant load but have a width of not less than one hundred twelve centimeters (112 cm). b. Corridors with a required capacity of not more than 50 persons shall not be less than ninety one centimeters (91 cm). 4.Access to Exits a. Exits shall be remote from each other, as required by Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR. b. Exits shall be so arranged that there are no dead-end pockets, hallways, corridors, passageways or courts. c. Exits and exit access shall be so located that: i. It will not be necessary to travel more than fifteen and one-half meters (15.50 m) within any individual living unit to reach the nearest exit, or to reach an entrance door of the apartment which provides access through a public corridor to an exit on the same floor level. ii. Within any individual living unit it will not be necessary to traverse stairs more than one (1) storey above or below the floor level of the apartment to the nearest exit or entrance door. iii. The entrance door to any apartment is within thirty one meters (31 m) of an exit of within forty six and a half meters (46.50 m) in a building protected by approved, supervised sprinkler system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR. d. Doors between apartments and corridors shall be self-closing. 5.Disc harge from Exits Discharge from exits shall be the same as required for hotels. (See Section 10.2.12.3 of this IRR) 6.Lighting and Signs a. Every public space, hallway, stairway, and other means of egress shall have illumination in accordance with Section 10.2.5.11 of this IRR. All apartment buildings shall have emergency lighting. b. Signs in accordance with Section 10.2.5.12 of this IRR shall be provided in all apartment buildings . C.Pro te c tio n 1.Segregation of Dwelling Units
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Dwelling units in row apartments shall be separated from each other by partition walls having a fire resistance rating of four (4) hours. Such walls shall be constructed solidly and continuously from the ground to level one (1) meter above the ridge line of the roof. 2.Protection of Vertical Openings Protection of vertical openings shall be the same as required for hotels. (See Section 10.2.12.3 of this IRR) There shall be no unprotected vertical opening in any building or fire section with only one exit. 3.Interior Finish a.For new c onstruc tion and new interi or finish i. Exits - Class A or Class B; ii. Lobbies, corridors and public spaces - Class A or B; and iii. Individual living units - Class A or B or C b.Existing Interior Finish i. Exits - Class A or B ii. Other spaces - Class A or B or C. 4.Alarm Systems a. Every apartment building of four (4) storeys or more in height, or more than twelve (12) apartment units shall have an automatic fire detection and alarm system in accordance with Section 10.2.6.4 of this IRR, except buildings provided with approved, supervised sprinkler protection in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR. b. Apartment buildings of not more than three (3) storeys in height shall be provided with manual fire alarm system, provided that dwelling units shall be installed with single – station or multi –station smoke detectors. 5.Extinguishing Requirements a. All buildings shall be protected throughout by an approve, supervised sprinkler system except in buildings where all guest sleeping rooms or guest suites have a door opening directly outside at the street or grade level or exterior exit access arranged in accordance with Section 10.2.5.2 of this IRR in buildings up to and including three (3) storeys in height. b. Listed quick response or listed residential sprinklers shall be used throughout all dwelling units.
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c. Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed in accordance with Section 10.2.6.5 of this IRR. 6.Ha za rd o us A r e a s a. Every hazardous area shall be separated from other parts of the building construction having a fire-resistance rating of at least one (1) hour. Communicating openings shall be protected by approved automatic or self-closing fire doors. Hazardous areas include, but shall not be limited to: • Boiler and heater rooms • Rooms or spaces used for storage of combustible supplies and equipment in quantities deemed hazardous by the C/MFM having jurisdiction. • Laundries • Repair Shops b. Where the hazard is high as determined by the C/MFM having jurisdiction, both fire-resistant construction and automatic fire suppression system shall be provided. D.Building Service Equipment 1. Air-Conditioning and Ventilation – Air conditioning and ventilation, when provided, shall be in accordance with Division 7 of this Chapter. 2.All other building services equipment installed or used in hotels and dormitories shall comply with Division 7 of this Chapter . SECTION 10.2.12.5 LODGING OR ROOMING HOUSES A.G e n e ra l 1. This Section applies only to lodging or rooming houses providing sleeping accommodations for less than fifteen (15) persons, as specified in Section 10.2.12.1 of this IRR. 2.In addition to the following provisions, every lodging or rooming house shall comply with the minimum requirements for detached single and two family dwellings. B.M e a ns o f Esc a p e Re q uire m e nt 1.Every sleeping room and living area shall have access to two means of escape complying with that of single or two family dwelling. 2.Every sleeping room above or below the street floor shall have access
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to two (2) separate means of exit, at least one (1) of which shall consist of an enclosed interior stairway, an exterior stairway, a fire escape or a horizontal exit. 3.All exits shall be arranged to provide a safe path of travel to the outside of the building without traversing any corridor or space exposed to an unprotected vertical opening. 4.Any sleeping room below the street floor shall have direct access to the outside or the building. C.Alarm Syst em A manual fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with Section 10.2.6.4 of this IRR. SECTION 10.2.12.6 SINGLE AND TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS A.G e n e ra l This Section covers detached single and two family dwellings as specified in Section 10.2.12.1 of this IRR. Where the occupancy is so limited, the only requirements applicable are those in this Section. B.M e a ns o f Esc a p e Re q uire m e nts 1.Num b e r, Ty p e a nd A c c e ss t o M e a ns o f Esc a p e a. In any dwelling of more than two (2) rooms, every room used for sleeping, living or dining purposes shall have at least two (2) means of escape at least one (1) of which shall be a door or stairway providing a means of unobstructed travel to the outside of the building at street or ground level. No room or space shall be occupied for living or sleeping purposes which is accessible only by a ladder, folding stairs or through a trap door. b. Every sleeping room shall have at least one (1) outside window. Such window could be opened from the inside, without the use of tools, keys or special effort or knowledge to provide a clear opening of not less than five hundred sixty millimeters (560 mm) in width and eight hundred millimeters (800 mm) in height. The bottom of the opening shall be not more than one hundred twenty two centimeters (122 cm) above the floor, except if the room has two (2) doors providing separate ways of escape or has a door leading directly outside of the building. c. No required path of travel to the outside from any room shall be through another room or apartment not under the immediate control of the occupant of the first room or his family, not through a bathroom or other space subject to locking. d. No exit access from sleeping rooms to outside shall be less than ninety centimeters (90 cm) wide. 2.Do o rs
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a. No doors in the path of travel providing means of escape shall be less than seventy centimeters (70 cm) of clear width. b. Every closet door latch shall be such that children can open the door from inside the closet. c. Every bathroom door lock shall be designed to permit the opening of the locked door from the outside in an emergency. 3.St a i rs The width, risers, and treads of every stair shall comply at least with the minimum requirements for stairs, as described in Section 10.2.5.4 of this IRR. C.Interior Finish Interior finish of occupied spaces of new buildings shall be Class A, B or C as defined in Section 10.2.6.3 of this IRR and in existing buildings the interior finish shall be Class A, B, C or D. D.Building Service Equipment No heating equipment such as stove or combustion heater shall be so located as to block escape in case of fire arising from malfunctioning of the stove or heater.
