FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS E.A.P MEDICINA HUMANA
INDICE I.INTRODUCCION:.............. I.INTRODUCCION:........................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................................... ......................... 3 II. MARCO TEORICO:................ TEORICO:.......................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ........................................ ............................. 4 2.1. CONCEPTO.................. CONCEPTO............................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ......................................... ............................... 4 2.2. RANGO:.......... RANGO:..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ........................................... ................................. 4 2.3 ENFERMEDADES QUE LA ALTERAN.... ALTERAN.............. ..................... ..........................................4 ...............................4 2.4 CAPACIDAD VITAL PULMONAR (CPV)..................................................... (CPV)..................................................... 5 III. EQUIPOS Y MATERIALES:........ MATERIALES:.................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ................ .....5 5 IV. IV. PROCEDIMIENTO:............. PROCEDIMIENTO:....................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ..................... ..................... ........... 6 V. CUADRO DE DATOS:......... DATOS:................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ........................................... ................................ 6 VI. PROCESAMIENTO............. PROCESAMIENTO........................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...........7 7 VII. DISCUCIN:.................. DISCUCIN:............................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................................. ........................ ! VIII. CONCLUSIN:......... CONCLUSIN:.................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ....................................... ............................! ! I". RECOMENDACIN:.......... RECOMENDACIN:..................... ..................... ..................... ..................................................... .......................................... # ". CUESTIONARIO:............. CUESTIONARIO:........................ ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ........................ .............. # "I. $I$LIOGRAF%A:....... $I$LIOGRAF%A:.................. ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ...................... ............................. ..................12 12
I.INTRODUCCION: De pe nd i e nd od el o sd i f e r e nt e sn i v e l e sd ep r o f u nd i d ad d el a sf as es i ns pi r at or i ay es pi r at or i adel ar es pi r ac i ón ,s epu ed endi f er e nc i arv a r i o sv o l ú men me esdeai r eq ues e encuent r anennuest r ospul monesenunmome ment odet er mi nado.I gual ment esepuede h ac e rr e f e r e nc i aal a sd i f e r e nt e sc a pa c i d ad esp ul mo na r e s ,c u an dos es u ma ma nv a r i o s v al or es .
Vo l u me me nd er e s pi r a c i ó np ul mo na ren r e po s o :c a n t i d ad d ea i r eq ue i n s p i r a mo mo s( o espi r amo mos)en cada r espi r aci ón en condi ci ones de r eposo ( 500 mL de ai r e) .
Vol umender es er v ai ns pi r at or i o:c ant i dadmáx i madeai r equel ogr amosi nt r oduc i ren n ue s t r o sp ul mo ne sd es p ué sd er e al i z a ru nai n s pi r a c i ó nn or ma l( 2 50 0 mLd ea i r e ) .
Vo l u me me nd er e s er v ae s p i r a t o r i o :c a n t i d ad má x i ma d ea i r eq ue l o gr a mo mo se s p i r a r de s pu és de
fi na l i z ar un a
es pi r ac i ón
no r mal ( 12 00
mL
de
ai r e) .
Vo l u me me nr e s i d ua l :c a nt i d add ea i r eq ues eq ue dae nl o sp ul mo ne sd es p ué sd efi n al i z a r una
es pi r ac i ón
máx i ma
y
pr of unda
( 1200
mL
de
ai r e) .
Ca pa c i d adp ul mo na rt o t a l :c a nt i d add ea i r eq ues ee nc u en t r ae nn ue s t r o sp ul mo ne s de sp ué sd er e al i z aru nai n spi r a ci ó nmá xi maypr o f un da.L ac ap ac i da dp ul mo na rt o t al ese lp r o du ct odel asu ma ma t o r i adet o sol o sv o l úmen espul mon ar e s( 5 40 0mLdeai r e ) . Ca pa c i d adv i t a lp ul mo na r :c a nt i d admá x i mad ea i r eq uep od emo sr e s pi r a rd es p ué sd e r e al i z arun ai n spi r ac i ónmá xi mayp r o f u nda( 42 00mLd eai r e ) .Ese lr es ul t ad od el a s u ma ma t o r i ad et o do sl o sv o l ú me me ne sp ul mo na r e s ,e x c e p t u an do e lv o l u me me nr e s i d ua l , cant i daddeai r equenuncaabandonar ánuest r ospul monespormuygr andequesea nues t r o
es f uer z o
es pi r at or i o.
La capaci dad vi t al pul monar ( CVP) , depende en mucho del desar r ol l o de l a
mu sc ul a t u r ar es pi r a t o r i a . Lo sn adad or es , po re j e mp mp l o ,o bl i g ad os a r eal i z ar l a es pi r a ci ó nde baj od ela gu a,po se enu nap od er os amus c ul a t ur ar es pi r at o r i aypo re nd e pr es ent an,ent r el osdi f er ent esdepor t i s t as ,l osc al or esmásal t osdel ac apac i dadv i t al p ul mo na r .Enu nap er s o nas a n an od ep or t i s t al aCVP p ue des e rd ea l r e de do rd el o s 4 20 0mLd ea i r e ;eu nd ep or t i s t amu yb i e ne nt r e na dol aCVPp ue deo s c i l a re n t r el o s 6 50 07 50 0mLd ea i r e .
OB!ETIOS: O',eti%o genera#: C&'&* +&, -*'-/+, ,0&, , */+/' ' ' + +/&*/0&*& '' -+8&'/*.
O',eti%os es-ec/cos: R&'&* R&'&* 9 /-*/* /-*/* +/ 8-&*0/'/ 8-&*0/'/ -*0/ -*0/ +&, ,0&, ,0&, '' -+8&'/* ' + 8/';& -/'0, &' '*8/, *,-*/0&*/,. C&'& C& '&* * +&, +&, -/0* -/0*&' &', , /'&* /'&*8/+ 8/+ / / ' +/ ' ' ' ' -+8& -+8&'/ '/** 9 ,, ,, 8/',8&,.
II. MARCO TEORICO: (.*. CONCEPTO L/ ca-aci0a /'0 '0 / / 8 8< <8/ 8/ /* /* '/ '/ -*, -*,&' &'/ / ca-aci0a0 0 %ita# %ita# , +/ / - <-+,/* +&, -+8&', 0*/, '/ '=/+/' 8<8/. D,8'9 &' + '>;8'0& -&* +/ ,8'' +/ +/,0/ +&, -+8&', 9 +/ /;/ 0&*/. 0&*/. P ,* 4?5 +0*&, ' =&8*, ;>', ,/'&, ,/'&, 9 3?4 +0*&, ' 8;*, ;>', ,/'/,. V/+&*, 6?7 +0*&, '& ,&' '*'0, ' ,;0&, +>// ,0/0*/ 9 7?! +0*&, ' /0+0/, *,,0'/ /*/ /+0& '>+. E,0/, @*/', 8/, , ' / ,, /*/0*,0/, ,/, 9 / , @'B0/. E' +/ ,-*&80*/ +/ /-// >0/+ , @/+ /+ >&+8' *,*>/ ',-*/0&*/ 8, + >&+8' &**'0 9 8, + >&+8' *,*>/ ,-*/0&*&.
L/
/-//
>0/+
'/
-*,&'/
-
,*
8/
-&*
' ,- ,-* *80 80*& *& ' ' , ,/ / =8 =8& & & '&*8 '&*8/+ /+.. E' & &8 8' '/ /' ' & &' ' &0*/ &0*/,, 8/, ,&+@/, +/ /-// >0/+ - /9/* / =/* ' /@',0& *0/, '*8/, -+8&'/*, ,9/'0,.
(.(. RAN1O: L/ '/ , 0+/ -/*/ 0*8'/* +/ /-// >0/+ , + 8++0*&. U' /+0& '&*8/+ 0' '/ /-// >0/+ '0* 3 9 5 +0*&,. D,-B, +/ / 6 /H&, +/ /-// >0/+ ,8'9 /-*&<8//8'0 25 8+ // /H&,.
(.2 ENFERMEDADES 3UE LA ALTERAN L/ /-// >0/+ ' '>& ,8'9 &' '*8/, *,0*0>/, + + -+8 -+8' ' & &8& 8&
+/, +/, '8 '8&' &'0 0, , 9
+/ ,/ ,/**& & &, &,, , &
/ /++ ++/, /,
,&' ,& '
&', & ', ' '/ / &0*/ &0*/,, ' '**8 8/ / ,, & &8& 8& +/ /*0* /*0*0 0, , *8/ 8/0& 0& / / +/ 8/,0 8/,0'/ '/ @*/> @*/> 9 + ,'* ,'*&8 &8 G++/ G++/'? '?$/* $/**B. *B. E' &';' &';'0& 0& &' +/ /-// ,' + 8&'<& /*&'& ('/ -*/ >/+&*/' +/ 8 88 8*/ */'/ '/ /+>& /+>&+&? +&?/ /- -+/ +/*) *) ,*> ,*> -/*/ -/*/ 8&'0 8&'0&* &*/ /** + *, *,& & 9 +/ *,*,- ,0 ,0/ / /+ 0*/0 0*/0/8 /8 '0 '0& & ' -/ -/' '0 0 & &' ' '* '*8 8/ / *,0 *,0* *0 0>/ >/ -+8&'/*.
(.4 CAPACIDAD ITAL PULMONAR 5CP6 P/*/ /*/ +/ F,&+ ,&+&@ &@/ / + + D-& D-&*0 *0 & + + E;* E;* & & F, F,& & +/ / /-/ -/ / / 8 8,, 8-&*0/'0 , +/ C/-// V0/+ P+8&'/* (CVP) -&* /'0& , ' ' ,&8B0*& ,,-0+ ,* 8;&*/& 8/'0 + '0*'/8'0& +/ CVP , ' ' '&*8/0>& + ,0/& '0*'/8'0& ' *0&, -&*0, 0/+, &8& +/ 8/*/0' 9 +/, ,0/'/, 8/, ' /0+0,8& /0>/, & ;*&, ,&, -&*0>&, 8/'/' /+0/, >'0+/&', -+8&'/*, */'0
0 8 -&,
-*&+&'@/&,.
L/ /-// >0/+ -+8&'/* (CVP) -' ' 8=& + ,/**&++& +/ 8,+/0*/ *,-*/0&*/. L&, '//&*, -&* ;8-+& &+@/&, / */+/* +/ ,-*/' /;& + /@/ -&,' '/ -&*&,/ 8,+/0*/ *,-*/0&*/ 9 -&* ' -*,'0/' '0* +&, *'0, -&*0,0/, +&, /+&*, 8, /+0&, +/ /-// >0/+ -+8&'/*. E' '/ -*,&'/ ,/'/ '& -&*0,0/ +/ CVP - ,* /+*&* +&, 42 8L /* ' -&*0,0/ 89 ' '0* '0*' '/ /& +/ CVP CVP - &, &, +/ +/** '0* '0* +&, +&, 65 65?7 ?75 5 8L /* /*.
L&, L&, / /'0 '0/' /'0 0,, -* -*/ / - -' ' -*, -*,' '0/ 0/** >/+& >/+&**, 89 89 /+0& /+0&,, +/ /-// >0/+ -+8&'/*. L/ CVP , - 8* &' +/ /9/ ' ,-*80*&.
III. E3UIPOS $ MATERIALES: E' +/ -*,'0 -*0/ 0+/8&, *0&, 8/0*/+, -/*/ -&* */+/* + <-*8'0& +&, /+, >/8&, / '8*/*: • • • •
U' ,-*80*& ,-*80*&.. U'/ *@+/ 3 8. U'/ '0/ 8B0*/. U' ,0/'0.
I.. PROCEDIMIEN I PROCEDIMIENTO: TO: 1. M M** + 80 80*& *& +/ / /8-/ 8-/'/ '/ + ,- ,-* *80 80*& *& -/*/ -/*/ +@ +@& & & &' ' /9/ ,0/ 8/ /++/* + */ +/ ,' 0*/',>*,/+ =/ /8-/'/. E,0& ,*>* -/*/ -&* /++/* +&, >&+8', /* 8/'0 +/ *8+/: V =h × A
D&' J=K , , +/ /+0*/ ,-+/// 9 JA JAK + */ +/ ,' 0*/',>*,/+. 2. C&' +/, '/*, '/*, &0*/ &0*//, /, */+/ */+/ '/ ',-*/ ',-*/' ' &*// &*// 9 +@& +@& / 0*/>B, +/ -/ /+ + ,-*80*& ,-*/ 0&& + /* 0, -+8&',. 3. R R-0* -0* 9 /'&0/* +&, *,+0 *,+0/&, /&, +&, -/,&, -/,&, 2 9 3. 4. R R/+/* /+/* '/ '/ ',-*/' ',-*/' &*// &*// 9 ,-*/ ,-*/ + /* /* &' */- */- / 0*/>B, 0*/>B, +/ -/ /+ + ,-*80*& ,@' +&, 08-&, '/&, ' 01 02 9 03.
+. R-0* >/*/, >, + -/,& 4 9 /'&0/* +&, *,+0/&, &0'&, ' // /,&.
. CUADRO DE DATOS: '
= (8)
C.V. ( cm
1 2 3 4 5
11.3 11 11.2 12 11.3
0 (,)
V1
3
¿
3#13.!7 3!#.#6 3!7#.24 4156.33 3#13.!7
V2 cm
V3 3
V4 ( 3
( cm )
( cm )
V5 ( 3
cm ¿
cm
3
¿
( ¿¿ 3 ) ¿ 1 2 3
= 7 =11.! =11
= 7 = 1.5 = 1.5
= 6 = 12 = 12
= 6.3 =1.# =1.5
=5.! =1.5 =11.5
I. PROCESAMIENTO. T/+/ T/+/ I 2 A346.36 cm
N *
h ( cm )= h f ( cm )−hi ( cm)
11.3
C v ( cm ) =h ( cm ) × A ( cm ) 3
C v =11.3 × 346.36 C v =3913.87
(
11
C v
=11× 11 × 346.36
C v =3809.96
2
11.2
C v
=11.2 × 346.36
C v =3879.23
4
12
C v =12 × 346.36 C v
+
11.3
=4156.32
C v =11.3 × 346.36
2
C v =3913.87
2724.89
c´ v
T/+/ T/+/ II 2 A346.36 cm
t 5s6 *
3
3
V 1 ( cm )
=78 V
V 2 ( cm )
=78
=7 × 346.36
V
V =2424.52
=11.!8
(
V
V =2424.52
=1.58
=11.8 × 346.
V
V = 4087.048
=118
2
=7 × 346.36
(
V 3 cm
3
)
(
=68 V
=6 × 346.36
V =2078.16
=128 V = 4156.32
=11 × 346.3
V
V
=3809.96
V
V
=6.3 × 346.36
=1.#8
=3636.78
V
3
((99. 2(
V =2182.07
V
=1.58
´ ( cm ) V
)
=6.38
=10.5 × 346.
V
3
V 4 cm
=12 × 346.3
=128
V
=10.9 × 346.36
V =3775.32
=1.58
=10.5 × 346.
V
=12 × 346.3
=3636.78
V = 4156.32
27*2. 9
V
=10.5 × 346.36
2)7. 78
V =3636.78
II. DISCUCI;N: P*8*& */+/*8&, +/, 8,0*/, &0>8&, ,0' ' + */'@& +& '&*8/+ '/ /-// >0/+. C/-// >0/+: -' ,* 3 / 5 L C.V T*/: 433.152 8+. C.V E<-*8'0/+: 3#34.65 8+. •
P&8 &8&, &, >* >* +&, +&, &, &, >&+ >&+8 8' ',, &0 &0' '& &, , + 0* 0* & & 9 + <-*8'0/+ ,&' /-*&<. 4 +0*&, -&* +& ,0 '0*& +&
•
'&*8/+ V8 8& &,
=/9
* *'/
'0*
+&, +&,
>&+8', ',
&0'&,
<-*8'0/+8'0 9 8/'0 *8+/. L& '&, 8,0*/ '& , @/+ '/ /'0/ /+ */ ,* 9 + >&+8' &0'& ' + <-*8'0&.
•
T/8B' T/8B' >8&, ' + -*8* ,@'& , ,-*/ 2277.32 8+ +& / /+ ,@' @' +/ '& '&**8/ 8/ ' ' 0'8 '8&, &, * */ / ,* @/ @/++ / /-*&<8//8'0 + 75 + >&+8' &0'& +/ /-// >0/+ <-*8'0/+ , 3#34.65 8+ + /+ /+ &0'* +&, -&*'0/;, *, ,/+ /+00/8 /8&, &, ' + -*8 -*8* * , ,@ @'& '& , , ,- -*/ *// / 5! 5! +/ /-// >0/+ 8<8/ +& /+ , ' -&& 8, /;& ' /'0/
•
+/ 8/ ,0'/* 75. T/8B' T/8B' -&8&, */+/* ' + ,@'& ,@ , =/ <- <-*/ */& & -* -*0 0/8 /8' '0 0 0&& 0&& + /* /* / // / '0 '0*& *& +&, +&, -+8&', 9 ' + 0**& '/ /'0/ ,-*/+.
III. CONCLUSI;N: L/ /-// >0/+ , 89 8-&*0/'0 ' +/ ,/+ ' ,* =8/'& 9/ /9/ /+ &*@/',8& / 0'* '/ 8;&* ,/+ .Y/ .Y/ +/ /-// >0/+ , +/ /'0/ 8<8/ /* /* '/ -*,&'/ - <-+,/* +&, -+8&', 0*/, '/ '=/+/' 8<8/. E<,0 *'/, '0* +/ /-// >0/+ , - 0*8'/* / 0*/>B, +/ <-*8'0/' &' + ,-*80*& 9 +/ , - 0*8'/* &' +/, *8+/, $/+' C&*'/' 9 R=/*, , * + >/+&* 0*&. S'& + >/+&* /++/& &' +/, &*8+/, ' /,& /+ +/ *'/ '0* + >/+&* -*/0& 9 0*& *// ' +/ +/ 8,+/* -*,'/ +& ' + /&8' 9& &+&* 0&*&.
I<. RECOMENDACI;N: •
P/*/ */+/* +/ 8' +/ 8/ '/+ 9 '/+ +/ /8-/'/ , ',/*& +/ -/*0-/' &, -*,&'/ '/ -/*/ 8* ,0/, /+0*/, 9 &0*/ -/*/ 0&8/* +&, /-'0, -&* +& *-& , 0/ +/ ,-*/' &*// 0&& ,0& &' + ' =/++/* +/ *'/
•
/+0*/,. P/*/ */+/* +/ ,-*/' &*// , ',0/ -*8*& -*8 *& '/ '=/+/' 8<8/ +& 8-+/ ',-*/' 0&& + >&+8' /* -&,+ , -/ -/*/ +@& ,-*/* 0&& + /* , -/.
•
P/*/ */+/* +&, ++&, -**'/ , ' =/* ' '/
•
/++/&*/ -/*/ 8/9&* -*,'. S ,0*+/* + 0& -&* + /+ >/8&, / ',-*/* 9 ,-*/* + /* 0/8B' 8&, &0/* + +& / ' + 0& *,+0/ +/ ,-*/' &' =8/ , =/.
<. CUESTIONARIO: 1. U,/'& U,/'& +&, /0&, /0&, +/ 0/+/ 1 0*8 0*8' ' +/ /-// /-// >0/+ 8, 8, -*&/+. D'0*& B +80, , >+& 0 *,+0/& C+ , + -&*'0/; **&* ' 0 ++& C+, &' +/, -*'-/+, '0, **&* •
L/ /-// >0/+ 8, -*&/+ , +/ 4156.33 9/ +/ /-// >0/+ ,0'/* , 4.5 8+.
•
E+ -&*'0/; **&* : (I 4156.338+ ? 4.5 8+ I) 458+ 1 7.64
•
L/, -*'-/+, '0, **&* ,&':
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
C.V. 2763 (112) (1!) (16!) C.V. 433.152 C/-// >0/+ 0*8'// <-*8'0/+8'0
/ ¿ ¿ π ¿
21 2
*/
C/-// V0/+ W */ < A+0*/ 3#34.65
*/ 346.36 A+0*/ '/+ 11.36 •
O>/8'0 +/ /-// >0/+ 0*/ 9 <-*8'0/+ , 8,0*/ *'0, /+ >* +&, *,+0/&, +& /+ , /, -&* +/ *'/ *// ' +/ +/ 8,+/* -*,'/ +& ' + /&8' 9& &+&* 0&*& -&* +& 0/'0& & / ,0/, /*/0*,0/, ,&+@/, ' + *-& + *,+0/& '& , @/+ /+ ' >&+8'
•
&0'& 8/'0 '/ *8+/. E+ **&* -&*'0/+ , ' #
3. QB 8/, 8/, 0+, 0+, -, -, &0'* &0'* ,&* ,&* +/, >+&/, >+&/, X;& ,-*/0&*& / -/*0* ' @*& *+/&' + >&+8' 80& &' *,-0& /+ 08-& ,/'& +&, /0&, +/ 0/+/ II QB -&*'0/; /* 0 /-// >0/+ ,-*/, ' + -*8* ,@'& QB ' &, ,@'&, P&* B , 8-&*0/'0 8-&*0/'0 + >&+8' ' + -*8* ,@'& 8, ' +&, &0*&, •
?
U0+/,: D/@' D/@',0 ,0& & /,8/ /,8/:: E'* E'*8 8/ / 'X/8 'X/8/0& /0&*/ */ *& *&' '/+ /+ 9& 9& /@',0& , /,/ ' +/ +'/ 9 ' +&, -/*80*&, &0'&, / 0*/>B, -*/, '' *,-*/0&*/ &*8/ *0/ (&,0*' *>*,+/ =-**/0>/ *&'/+ 9 >/*/+/)
•
/, &8& '*0/8'0 (@*/& 'X/8/'). E,0 E,0 & & /, /,8/ 8/ -*& -*&, ,& &'/ '/++ E,0 E,0 & & /, /,8/ 8/ , , * *& & D8& D8&,0 ,0*/ */ ' ' * *> >*, *, + + / /.. E' + -*8* ,@'& ,-*/, /-*&<8//8'0 + 75 0
•
/-// >0/+. C&8& +& '&*8/+ , , -/ <-+,/* + 75 +/ CVF ' '
? ? ?
,@'& +/ '&*8/+/ ,0 ' ', '0&*'& /+ 75 ,0'@ &, -/0*&', /'8/+&, &8& '*8/, *,0*0>/, 9 &,0*0>/,.
4. QB /0&*, /0&*, ,8' ,8'9 9 +/ >+&/ >+&/ + X;& X;& /B*& /B*& E<-+/ E<-+/ // '&. L/ *,,0'/ /+ X;& ' +/, >/, > /, /B*/, -' : S + X;& , +/8'/* & 0*+'0&:
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