ARCHITECTURE BLENDING IN NATURE: RESORT HOTEL COMPLEX IN PAGKILATAN, BATANGAS CITY A Thesis Presented to the School of Architecture, Industrial Design & the Built Environment Mapua Institute of Technology
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Architectural Design 09/ AR200/ AR200S for the Degree of BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE
Presented by Bustillo, Arlyssa Rica D.
2011170209
Architect Junar Pakingan Pakingan Tablan, uap, uap, MSAE
Adviser
Month Year
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PART I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Chapter I.1: General Overview Introduction
With urbanization of cities increasing, population within the zone rises and new structures, tourist spots and destinations are developed. Because of this, numerous travellers seek shelter for them to stay in throughout their visit within a specific place. Many are then fond of finding temporary homes or shelter such as hotels, bed and breakfast, or inns that would assure their daily needs and necessities during their stay. ―Pagkilatan‖ being one of the 105 barangays of Batangas City having to be partly
urbanized area, is one of the great places where tourists can visit especially at times of seeking relaxation, adventure, and spiritual rejuvenation. Although it is not really known today in the industry of tourism, it is slowly progressing and is trying to find a title for it to be recognized. Today, there already lies 7 beach resorts – one being private and the rest is open to public. Its shores have two types, white and black sand. It holds one of the richest marine ecology in Batangas Province and is an ideal place for scuba diving. Aside from that, it was also chosen for the location of an on-going construction of Monte Maria Shrine – a statue of Mama Mary having 117 meters high which seems to be higher than the statue of liberty (96 meters). Other facilities such as St. Joseph Chapel, Divine Mercy Chapel, and plenty more chapels will be found and established there soon. Most of its land if not by having resident homes and resorts, is still virgin having a typical variety of trees. The setting in this location is overlooking mountains and a sea which offers the place a relaxing ambience and a venture with nature. Due to the need for architecture to find stability with its environment, discovering an innovation is a must for our future. As the Philippines having been experiencing distress from the effects of climate change such as the sea level rise, flooding, droughts, erosion, coral bleaching, among other impacts, architecture must think of a way to improve and implement tactics to face the issue. As said earlier, ―Pagkilatan‖ is is still in the process of development. With this, there is a lack of shelter that would suffice the needs of the growing numbers of tourist that will visit and experience its hidden beauty in the future. Proposing for a Resort Hotel Complex would be an 2
extraordinary idea to solve and respond to the needs of tourists and vacationers all over the country. This Resort Hotel Complex is not just an ordinary one; it includes a great scale of different facilities mixed into one place – zip lines, horseback riding, Team building sites, waterparks, scuba diving and many more. It would also be a benefit to the environment and its economy instead of being damage since it will be designed and planned to maximize the nature it exists in. Great number of trees would be saved from cutting due to having the portion of the site becoming a functional farm that would profit the structure. Employees needed for this building would be the people residing in the site for solving the solution of unemployment in the area. So basically, targeting to blend architecture with nature and hoping for it to be beneficial to the people and the environment is the key.
Background of the Study
Tourism is one of the most rapidly growing global industries and tourism forecasting is becoming more important in providing awareness and support for future developments of the Philippine tourism industry. In starting up a business, it is a must to adjust constantly to a changing market. An accurate and reliable workload forecast is the foundation of any good staffing plan. Taking the time to forecast and plan may result a good forecasting for a business. It will help a business to better understand seasonal peaks and troughs, determine the actual cost of sale, when to order new inventory, what is the best time to launch a new product, is it the right time to develop a new product, or whether one needs additional staff and more. The CALABARZON region has one of the most varied landscapes in the country. The topographical features consist of flat coastal area and upland interior areas of plains, rolling hills, and mountains. Rich in biodiversity and attractive natural environments, the region is a favourite destination of the local tourist from nearby Metro Manila that is why it was decided to build a business in the area which tourist will surely accept and love, which is in the depths of Batangas City. The Batangas City aside from being the capital city of the Province of Batangas, it is also the largest City in the province. It is popularly known as the ―Industrial Port City of 3
CALABARZON‖ and classified as one of the most competitive cities in the country today. It is
presently classified as a Regional Growth Center and identified as one of the sites for the Regional Agro-Industrial Center and Special Economic Zone as mandated by the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan and the Ecozone Act of 1995. As per the recent Census of 2010, the province of Batangas has 2,374,327 of population. In Batangas City as per Census, the population in the year 2013 reaches 325, 532 for both male and female in all ages. Below is a table showing the visitor arrival in the province of Batangas and Batangas City in the year 2012 and the 1st quarter of 2013.
Table 1: Visitor arrival in the Province of Batangas and Batangas City
(Source: The Provincial Tourism and Cultural Affairs Office of Batangas)
Based on the above information, there has been an increase of 22.91% (or 9,862) in visitor‘s arrival in the city of Batangas from the year 2012 up to the 1st quarter of the year 2013.
For the province of Batangas, there has been an increase of 84.56% (or 807,812) from the year 2012 up to the 1st quarter of the year 2013. From this, the researcher can conclude that more and more people are motivated to travel in the province of Batangas. By the time the proposed Resort Hotel Complex will be finished; there will be more tourists who will visit the said area. In conclusion, the researcher‘s intention is to build a Resort Hotel Complex in Pagkilatan, Batangas City which is the perfect spot for such structure. This will enhance the tourism in the area thus it will also be a great way to impose and build another architecture master piece that would be in harmony with the nature and will simply recognize inventive architecture methods of our time.
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Statement of the Problem
The primary purpose of this study is to determine and design a Resort Hotel Complex that would be in harmony with the nature and the environment it is located in. More specifically, it will attempt to answer: 1. In what way architecture affect our environment and by how will we be able to preserve or lessen the damage architecture contribute towards nature? 2. What are the things needed to be considered to harmonize a Resort Hotel Complex with its site and maximize a more natural and environmental response? 3.
How will we implement an ecological response to the Design and Planning of the structure?
Project Goals, Objectives and Strategies
The primary goal for this study is to have Resort Hotel Complex that would blend in nature or the surroundings it is situated in. Thus, its objectives are to
Study and develop a design that would seek to be in harmony with the said site.
Investigate the current environment and situation of the site – having been close to bodies of water and is situated at the mountains.
Adopt materials materi als that would be proper and responsive re sponsive for the proposed structure st ructure to use. The structure should be designed for durability and robustness to maximize the future resilience of it. Use of materials and construction methods must be durable in the face of climatic change.
Study the depths of resort hotels and how its proper and functional planning and circulation goes.
Minimum damage to the environment and to the health and comfort of the users should be imposed. Also considering the user‘s needs shall be implied.
Take into considerations all the rules and regulations such as the National Building Code of the Philippines (NBC), Department of Tourism (DOT) , and the site‘s own legal rules.
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Significance of the Study
The study shall be beneficial to the following areas / people:
Department of Tourism or DOT; for further advantage of construction of Hotels, Leisure Farms and Resorts which would also benefit the countr y‘s environment.
Hotel and Restaurant Management and Tourism students / professionals; for further understanding of the surroundings and spaces they are working in.
Travelers / tourist or users of the hotel; for a more relaxing and environment-harmony aura in their stay at the given structure.
To researchers; will not only benefit architectural students but rather all the researchers who are in need of the data given which will act as their guide, perhaps the whole society.
Scope and Limitation
The study covers the intention of finding architecture which harmonizes both man and nature. It shall discover new ways in designing Resort Hotel Complex reflecting the use of better environment responses, design principles and natural systems. It shall also give innovative ways to imitate the potential ecological and energy conservative issues the environment is encountering and further then preserve and maintain the natural settings it is a part of. This study will therefore only be limited in finding better solutions for a Resort Hotel Complex by architectural design and planning including the adjacency of its spaces but not with regards to issues of Hotel and Restaurant Managements. This will also cover the study of the site and how it can maximize the potential of the resources the area has.
Assumptions
This study assumes that considering the nature of our environment and blending it with architecture will deliver a first-class Resort Hotel Complex. Having a great awareness to its surroundings, it can offer the needed rest and peace tourists desires for such vacation. It will also be a great benefit to the economy it is situated it.
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Conceptual Framework
The conceptual intent of this research is creating a Resort Hotel Complex and how this would be a benefit for the environment it is situated in and for the growth of the tourism in the area. BLOOMING TOURISM IN BATANGAS CITY
ARISING NEW
PERFECT NATURE
TOURIST SPOTS
SCENERIES
LACK OF
CENTER OF MARINE SHOREFISH
UNEMPLOYMENT
DWELLINGS FOR
IN THE AREA
TOURISTS
PROPOSED RESORT HOTEL COMPLEX
Figure 1: Definition of problem and its
proposed solution
STUDYING AND
DEFINITION OF
ANALYZING THE
THE PROBLEM
PROBLEM
FINDING
FINDING
RELATED
RELATED
LITERATURE
STUDIES
CASE STUDY
SURVEY
INTERVIEW
SUPPORT
SUPPORT
SUPPORT
DEVELOPMENT OF SOLUTIONS GATHERED
SITE SELECTION AND ANALYSIS
Figure 2: Direction/Phase of the Study 7
Definition of Terms
a) Hotel – a building, edifice or premises or a completely independent part thereof, which is used for the regular reception, accommodation or lodging of travellers and tourist and the provision of services incidental thereto for a fee. b) Resort – any place or places with pleasant environment and atmosphere conducive to comfort, healthful relaxation and rest, offering food, sleeping accommodation and recreational facilities to the public for a fee or remuneration. Acronyms
a) Department or DOT – the Department of Tourism b) NBC – National Building Code of the Philippines
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Chapter I.2: Review of Related Literature and Studies Related Literature
According to t o Merriam Webster, a hotel is an establishment which whi ch offers o ffers lodging and usually meals, entertainment, and numerous personal facilities for the public. It is an abode that has accommodations in which people can stay especially when they are traveling. On the other hand, a resort is defined as a place providing leisure and entertainment particularly to vacationers. Encyclopaedia Britannica defined a Resort Hotel as a luxury facility that is intentionally for vacationists and is typically sited adjacent to special attractions, such as beaches and seashores, picturesque or historic areas, parks, or spas. As said by the book entitled Hotel Design, Planning and Development, the first evolution of resorts were seaside spas in ancient Greece and Rome. Thus it is also the most popular of all types. But the types of resorts emerge depending on its location – the prime influence on the development. Resort amenities such as spas, sports and recreation facilities, and related retail are provided in practically all hotels for required market flexibility and for they are anticipated by most tourists. The primary purpose of a resort is to offer an escape from ones everyday routine. Environment which is greatly reminiscent of a specific place, time, or culture appeals to resort travellers who want journeys that they cannot experience in their household. Thus successful resorts emphasizes vernacular architecture and materials as their theme as a way of bringing their guests to what their ideal version of their destination is. This involves cautious concern of the local building styles and relationships to the geography. Another important detail is landscaping for guests have a tendency to devote more time outside at these properties. This contact with nature can be reinforced with development of landscaping and gardens within resort, as well as maintaining the natural environmental features of the site and environs as the dominant ones. In many cases, the resort should be considered as a nature park within which tourist facilities are carefully located and designed. This results to the need of consideration to details during the design phase to create a pleasing outdoor experience.
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Thus, people seeking out resorts aren‘t just vacationers. There are others, such as
the MICE segment (meetings, incentives, conventions, and events) who explore these properties to simply draw the attention of participants and to just add impact to meetings and events. In some resort situations, the opportunity for contact with local resident is also important to plan for so that the resort is not an isolated enclave and tourists can learn about the local culture and society, this contact can take place in the nearby towns and villages by developing some resort attractions and use its recreational and commercial facilities. Resorts are typically billed as an allall - inclusive vacation because of the many attraction and services typically available within the town. A resort is typically located close to attraction, such as skiing or amusement park. It usually offers comfortable accommodation in addition to restaurants, shopping services and sometimes even entertainment events, such as theatre or stand-up comedy. If you decide to start up a resort business, you will need to have a plan to ensure success. As for Bryners in 2005 resorts where created as havens for relaxation of citizens. It has been described as the human institution that is created solely for the pleasure of its users. He also added that operators agree on three common factors underlying successful resorts and their ability to attract guest: 1) Reputation of the resort, 2) Attractions of the destination, 3) Recreation facilities offered by the resort ―These influence the marketing and management of resorts resort s as well as buildings and
facilities design, space allocation for guest rooms, storage, and recreation sports amusement, entertainment public attractions, shopping health care and other special services added to guest satisfaction‘ quoted from the thesis ‗Assessing Resort in Lemery Batangas‘ by BS HR M students on
October 2011. On the other hand, building hotels is another great way for resorts to have a much more dwelling for the customers to choose from. Hotels must be planned carefully in order for the Resort itself to be successful. In our modern time today, architecture and design must also answer to the changes in our lives, giving then more combined living and travel without losing in contact with nature. As said in the article ―Three top trends in residential and hotel architecture,‖ one must consider the 10
following 1) Mix it up - This implies to the structure as mixing up other building types such as providing shopping areas, eating venues and other working facilities for a better function of structure, 2) Global versus Local – today hotel trends are more of combining both global and local producing ―glocal‖ for the travellers to experience both of the features and cultures of
international and native, lastly 3) Outside is inside – this trend provides connection of the outside environment and putting it inside thus connecting a more natural environment to satisfy and relax the eyes of the customers.
Relates Studies / Projects Local 01 - Taal Vista Hotel Tagaytay City –
Taal Vista Hotel is a first-class accommodation certified by the Department of Tourism which can be found in Tagaytay City. It is the landmark hotel of the place and is founded in 1939. It features an extravagant mixture of timeless architecture and first-class up to date amenities. It of course offers the finest fi nest sight of the magnificent Taal Lake and Volcano.
Figure 1: View of Taal Lake and Volcano from Taal Vista Hotel balcony
Having to be constructed in a style of English Tudor lodge, this hotel brag of its 261 luxurious guestrooms armed with sophisticated furnishings and conveniences. This includes a mini-bar, Wi-Fi Internet connection and a mini-bar. Rooms feature verandas that overlook the majestic lake. Other facilities such as restaurant, spa, swimming pool and conference rooms can also be found inside the hotel for further satisfaction of the customers.
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Figure 2: Taal Vista Hotel Exterior View
Figure 3: Taal Vista Hotel Deluxe Ridge Room
Figure 4: Taal Vista Hotel Conference Room
Figure 5: Taal Vista Hotel Café Veranda
Among rolling greeneries and rich vegetation, the hotel displays tranquillity at its finest in the most picturesque of settings. Having an extraordinary style, first-class service, incomparable location and ideal cool climate, Taal Vista Hotel is your perfect haven h aven in Tagaytay.
Local 02 Ariara Island Palawan –
–
Architecture: Jorge Yulo; Interior Design: Khuan Chew Associates
Ariara is one of the many islands that make up the Philippines. It belongs to the Calamian Islands which lie in Palawan. It can be accessed from Manila through a short hop by helicopter or a domestic flight and then a transfer by boat. Its architecture design is made by a Filipino architect named Jorge Yulo. The structure has a style of contemporary and is built with the sense of sensitivity with the environment it is in. The property offers a deluxe and spacious lodging for a number of 18 guests. Its accommodations are Jungle Villas, Beach Cottages and the Lodge Suite. 12
Figure 1: Seaside view of Ariara
Figure 2: Ariara Accommodation
Ariara being located in the part of Palawan – Calamian Islands, it has its characteristic of untouched by pollution, development or tourism. It is also claimed to be one of the most bio diverse (terrestrial and marine) islands in the Philippines having becoming a sanctuary for an enormous diversity of wildlife in both land and sea.
Foreign 01 - Burl Al Arab Dubai, United Arab Emirates (2000) –
Architecture: W.S. Atkins; Interior Design: Khuan Chew Associates
Within having a period of just five years of construction, the emirate of Dubai has formed an aspiring and luxurious project of the modern time. It became the midpoint of the ―Arabian Riviera‖ - a glittering complex of remarkable hotels, a leisure park and a marina, on a
shoreline formerly crawling with pirates. A well thought structure approach had converted this small desert state into the tourist spot of the Middle East.
Figure 1: Jumeirah Beach Hotel on the left, Burj Al Arab on the right 13
A holiday paradise having to offer the natural attributes such as sand, sun and sea were already existing in Dubai, and that the site meant that architecture will ultimately be telling the story of the world of Arabian Nights. A massive, admired project on Jumeirah Beach - suitably situated close to the capital and the international airport - was planned and carried out from 1994 onwards by the British Architects W.S. Atkins. Having 600 rooms and suites and an offshore marina, this five-star Jumeirah Beach Hotel opened in 1997. It has a wave-shaped form which complements the environment it is located in. Soon then, a theme park named Wild Wadi having several adventures to offer was them completed and the first of the 19 guest villas in the exclusive Beit Al Bahar complex were all ready for business. Lastly, the Burj Al Arab was then built having to finish become the masterpiece of the project of the Arabian Tower. 'The proposals broke new ground in design and technology, with a tower shaped like a billowing sail, reminiscent of an Arabic dhow, erected on a triangular island. The aim was to create a hotel that will not just offer an unparalleled level of luxury and service but also become an icon for Dubai.' as said by W.S. Atkins. The Burj Al Arab having an extraordinary construction is erected on an artificial island being 280 metres (920 feet) off the shore. It stands on a 250 foundation pillars and has a height of 321 metres (1,050 feet). Having to offer various facilities, the Burj Al Arab is now known as ―the world‘s only 7 star hotel‖ and is also the third tallest hotel in the world. It has two wings that seem to spread in a V to form an enormous ―mast‖, while having the area between them being a huge atrium. It
has a helicopter platform that protrudes from the structure. Restaurants such as Al Muntaha sky restaurant and Al Mahara restaurant can also be found inside having to offer such amazing view of their unique location.
Figure 2: Al Muntaha Restaurant interior
located almost 198 metres above the ground
Figure 3: Al Mahara Restaurant interior which
can be accessed via simulated submarine14 voyage
The interior of the said structure used approximately 3,000 square metres (32,300 square feet) of gold leaf to embellish the public areas and the 202 suites, oriental grandeur and luxury kitsch have scarcely ever been combined in more overconfident style. This denotes to a result of a fun, pleasing to the eyes design.
Figure 5: Conference Hall
Figure 4: Interior Suite
Foreign 02 - Montage Hotel
Beverly Hills, California
–
Architecture: HKS/Hill Glazier Studio; Developer: The Athens Group
Its developer is The Athens Group and operated by Montage Hotels & Resorts. The Architect responsible for this is HKS/Hill Glazier Studio. This Five-star Luxury Hotel is situated at the heart of Beverly Hills Triangle. Its concept originated from the influence of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture. Although it is the modern version of it composing plaster walls, terracotta-tiled roof with plaster columns, arches and authentic Spanish tile details.
Figure 1: Montage Hotel arches, Spanish Details 15
Its interior finish work is high-end custom having hand-painted ceilings and classically elegant furnishings which provide an ambience of a Spanish, Italian and Moroccan aesthetic. The Project consists of 201 keys, a number of 20 condo units, a 20,000 square foot spa, a 9,000 square feet of meeting space, restaurants and pool deck, a 33,000 square foot public gardens, and a 1,172-car parking structure.
Figure 2: Montage Beverly Hills Exterior
Montage Beverly Hills earned a Gold Certification under the U.S. Green Building Council‘s
LEED for New Construction rating system. It holds as the first certified ultra-luxury hotel located in Southern California for LEED for New Construction, and known as one of just four Gold certified hotels worldwide. This Project is a Public-Private Partnership. it is a prime example of city, developer, architect and builder working together. Constructed on a 2.5-acre abandoned retail site, this ambitious adaptive reuse project includes a 33,000-square-foot garden, which is the first public green
space
in
the
Golden
Triangle;
a
20,000-square-foot,
city-owned
mixed-use
retail/commercial building; and a four-level, 1,000-car parking structure directly beneath the project‘s footprint.
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Chapter I.3: Research Methodology Research Design
The Research Design used in this study is a Descriptive type of Research. With this, the site and the environment will be described systematically. The situations and the scenarios encountered in the process will be explained accurately.
Population and Sampling
Population Universe: The population universe of this study is composed of random people that can be potential users of the structure type. Out of all the individuals who visit Resorts and Hotels regularly, a group of 80 people ranging from 16 years old and above would be picked to answer the prepared survey made for this research. Sampling Procedure: Quota Sampling is the strategy that had been used in finding data throughout the study of this structure. This is used for the probable customers of the hotel resort.
Research Instruments
A Case Study, Survey and an Interview Method are the methods that had been used in collecting and interpreting that data gathered for this Research. Visiting the given site, its tourist spots and the resorts situated in it was a way to fully understand the environment of the chosen site and to formulate ideas which would benefit the Proposed Resort Hotel Complex. A Case Study regarding the Resort within the area is observed to comprehend the ways on how to achieve an improved Resort setting and how to simply impose a Hotel in it. Survey within the people and travellers that would affect the structure would be given for a better result of wants and needs in the structure. Thus having to know what is the current trend or the most favorable among the mass. Lastly, an interview with Professionals of the site such Architects known for designing commercial facilities is done to entirely understand the situation of the given area and to get answers that would be applied to t o the given structure.
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A. Case Study: Kamantigue Beach and Diving Resort
Kamantigue Beach and Diving Resort is situated at Sitio Malao, Pagkilatan, Batangas City. On its North lies the Mountain side of Pagkilatan, on its West lies another Resort named ―Matoko‖
Beach Resort, on its East is the residential houses and lastly on the South lies the Isla Verde Passage. It is owned and managed by Engr. Danilo E. Bagon, who is presently the Barangay Captain of the municipality, and his Family. It has a total land area of 5000sq. This Resort offers a white sand beach with some s ome natural rock formations on its shore. It has clear pristine water with cool breeze of winds entering from the resorts vicinity.
Figure 1: South side of the Resort
Figure 2: Natural Rock Formations
(Isla Verde Passage View)
Upon entering the vicinity, there is no proper parking of cars that is provided for the customers. Although there is an ample space available for parking, it is not properly utilized or developed. When going to the seashore to view and enjoy the scenery, the elderly encounters a problem or a hard time from going down the stairs that is constructed to get to the shore since the stairs are long, continuous, and does not have proper landings. This results to people becoming tired from going up and down especially since the accommodation entrance is at the upper portion. There is no other way reach the beach rather than the stairs.
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Figure 3: Stairways heading to the seashore
Accommodations are well ventilated and offer a perfect view of nature. But on the other hand, utility such as the restrooms inside the accommodations is placed at the middle part of the plan which lacks proper ventilation ventilat ion and is a dismay in the position of the plan. Improper placement of door swings may also be found inside the accommodation. This denotes traffic within the given area. Some of the area also lacks enough space for people to fully go through.
Figure 4: Restroom in the
middle of Function hall and Accommodation without proper ventilation
Figure 5: Improper swing of door and lack of
proper space for people to go through
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B. Survey: Given for probable customers of the Proposed Resort Hotel Complex
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C. Interview:
Interviewing an Architect who knows or have lived in the selected area is a must to be found for a better understanding of the site‘s environment especially the design considerations
that should be observed in the district. He/she has a much deeper knowledge of the site in the field of architecture as well. It would be a great help to ask his/her opinion in the proposed structure and request suggestions for further understanding and success of the proposed complex. Finding an Architect that had lived in the selected site took time and connection but the researcher was eager enough in finding one. The Architect that was found is named as Architect Maricel Espinosa, whom graduated at Batangas State University, Batangas City and is now currently residing in Singapore having a Profession of handling Commercial buildings establishment designs.
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These where the questions that was asked to the interviewee:
Figure 6: Questionnaire asked in the interview with an
Architect who resided at the selected site
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Chapter I.4: Summary of Findings and Analysis Presentation of Collected Data
This Chapter focuses on the results of the data that were collected during the visit within the site, the answered surveys and the responded interviews of the researcher.
A. Case Study: Kamantigue Beach and Diving Resort Result
Attractions last 2013 in Pagkilatan, Batangas City is divided into eight (8) spots. Kamantigue Beach and Diving Resort ranks as third place in the market share of the attractions and having it the first in all the Resort in the area. This data was gathered from a thesis last Oct 2013, entitled ―Rediscovery Barangay Pagkilatan: A Potential Ecotourism Destination.‖
Table 1: Market Share and Attractions in Barangay Pagkilatan
Data that was found in the Case Study of the Resort are the following:
Site Planning Problems; Lack of proper parking facilities must be considered and established better for a greater improvement of the site. Deliberation of site planning should be thought well in order to harmonize the structure with its environment.
Accessibility; Accessibility towards facilities must be well taken care of and must be completely organized. This will show order in the amenities and would not hinder and confuse people. Thus this would make the life of the users at ease.
Proper Ventilation in Spaces; this is another area that one needs to focus on especially in designing a structure. Ventilation is a must in a bldg. for this character will be considered among the comfortability the design would give to its users. Having lack of ventilation offers the user to be irritated and would n‘ t be in contact with the nature outside.
Adjacency of Spaces; proper prop er setting of spaces is needed in i n a structure for it to be in well circulation. This will not confuse the users thus will lessen the energy or the work needed to get to a specific area or place if it is properly organized and is connected with one another.
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B. Survey: The results of the survey that was given for probable customers of the Proposed
Resort Hotel Complex
A percentage of 43% of the female and 37% of the male answered the survey having a total of 80 probable customers and having the female population being higher in quantity.
Ages varying from 16 – 21 with a percentage of 53% got the highest number of people answering the survey, having ages 21 – 30 with a percentage of 16% the second, ages 31 – 40 with percentage of 15% the third, ages 41-50 with a percentage of 13% the fourth, and ages 51 – older with a percentage of 4% the last.
A population occupying the Philippines who answered the survey has an average of 86% while individuals coming from different countri es varied from 14% of the population. 25
Most of the people who answered the survey are students having a percentage of 48%, second are employed people having a percentage of 45% and lastly unemployed individuals having a percentage of 8%.
A percentage of 78% people peop le sometimes travel on vacation, 21% frequently travel on vacation and only 1% does not travel on o n vacation.
A percentage of 78% answered their purpose being ―family vacation‖ when traveling becoming it the highest rate, ―leisure‖ having a percentage of 16% for another purpose as second and ―business related‖ with a percentage of 6% the last.
Results say that 49% of the people would like to go on resorts in their free time, 36% on tourist spots, 13% on nature seeking sites and 3% on religious areas. 26
84% of the population would like hotels as accommodation in times of travelling, 9% in apartelle, and a percentage of 3% in motels and others.
Results in visiting Resort Hotels varies 80% as sometimes, 10% as always, 9% as never and 1% as others.
Having a good accommodation, worth it cost, extra fun additional facilities and fine service quality is looked into when choosing a Resort Hotel. This varies a rate of 78%.
A tie ti e percentage of 46% is said to be experienced in an accommodation – suites the environment and a feel at home atmosphere. A percentage of 8% is voted for a themed accommodation.
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A population of 79% has already visited Batangas City, 10% wants to visit it and 11% have not yet gone to the area.
Most of the surveyed people visit Batangas only as ―sometimes‖ having a 41%, others being there ―always‖ by 35% and ―not at all‖ ranging at 24%.
A percentage of 70% would want to experience the amazing beach resorts in Batangas City, 14% being in Monte Maria and experiencing a diving adventure and 3% are others tourist spots and adventures.
Opinions of the surveyed people say that 69% of them are approved that putting up a Resort Hotel Complex would benefit them. A percentage of 31% are quite unsure if they would benefit. 28
90% of the surveyed people would want to see something new in the tourism industry of Batangas and 8% are quite unsure.
C. Interview:
These are the results regarding the interview of Architect Espinosa: 1. Having to know the site, do you think t hink it is a good idea to propose a Resort Hotel Complex? - As Batangas City has been continuously growing, building, infrastructures, mall, schools, etc. are all over the places. Every corner are started to get crowed and busy, especially coastal area. Refinery oil plants are up and situated along the perimeter of Batangas Bay. With that on mind, there is one place that categorized as the tourist spot by Batangas City zoning. And that is Barangay Pagkilatan. This is the perfect place to get in touch with nature and take the opportunity to escape from crowd.
2. What do you think are the three major things to be considered in designing a Resort Hotel Complex? - Topographical elevation of the area, Access Road from City and Weather.
3. What strategy / concept would you suggest in building the said structure? - overlooking view to the ocean is the great opportunity to create amazing concept. Keep the structure simple with complete facilities but then enjoying the place in which that‘s I think everyone‘s reason to visit the place.
4. Do you think imposing Vernacular Architecture as a design in the said structure be a good effect in it in the future?
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- Definitely, Vernacular Architecture could be integrated as stylistic elements of design intentionally incorporated for aesthetic purposes with structure functional objective. Keeping the place the way it is would be the best key to be different from others and be recognized as destination for new generation.
5. What other facilities/spaces or materials would you suggest in order for the proposed project to be perceived as extraordinary thus be successful? a. Fun, not only for olds but for kids. Beach may not be a good idea for kids to enjoy water, but we can provide a huge ―shower‖ place for them. It is open court with pole that sprinklers water
and everyone can enjoy it. b. could be floating restaurant, not in water but in air. c. train along the woods for anyone who wants to travel in the forest.
6. Do you think it is wise to base the design depending in the environment it is in? - Yes, definitely environment will take a big role in initiating the design.
7. Who do you think should the targeted market be of the structure? - The place is blessed with natural wealth which other city or country may not have. So, the target market would be not only Filipinos from City, young and old, also foreigner from nearby countries.
8. What do you think the structure should have in order for it to be extra-ordinary, be recognized and still be in business despite of having a lot of resort rivals in the near future? - The structure should have everyone‘s need to accommodate the market at any time, condition and generation. The place, I would say is the best location to see the sunrise and sunset. It‘s true that you can see the view at any angle, but then having one place where everyone are gather together to witness the sun, how it rises and the dimming time where it hides behind the mountain, that‘s the best part where everyone could t ell the uniqueness of this place from others. ot hers.
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Need Analysis
Upon gathering all the results and data of the research instruments, the researcher can say that there is a need to build a Resort Hotel Complex in the area of Barangay Pagkilatan, Batangas City due to the following reasons: reason s:
There is a great increase of 84.56% from the year of 2012 to the first quarter of 2013 of tourist / visitor arrivals as said in The Provincial Tourism and Cultural Affairs Office of Batangas. Thus, this results to a more number of tourists arriving in the next years to come. A hotel is needed especially in Pagkilatan, Batangas City for a structure like this does not exist in the area and there is a lack of dwelling or establishments for travellers to stay in.
84% of the population in the survey prefer staying in hotels when travelling or on vacations.
The survey had a result that almost half of the population (49%) answered that they prefer going to Resorts in times of vacations. On the other hand, a percentage of 36% would rather prefer to go on tourist spots which Pagkilatan can also offer while having a Resort facility being first.
Employment in the area is needed thus if having the Resort Hotel Complex, this would benefit the people residing in the area to have work which is also just a distance to their home.
Qualitative or Quantitative Analysis
It was found out through the data gathered that Resorts are highly visited and is one of the top options when it comes to having a vacation (especially in summer) rating 49% of the surveyed population. Thus, tourist spots comes next having a 36% percentage. Batangas City, having spontaneous landscapes and crystal clear bodies of water is said to be a perfect site to establish a Resort Hotel Complex. Having the selected site as urbanizing, there is a tendency for tourism and tourist to be in a much higher rate in the future. Tourist spots are also blossoming within the areas and are catching the mass attention. Based towards the results within the area,
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a Hotel is needed in the establishment since there is a high demand of dwelling for tourist that is desired.
Chapter I.5: Conclusions and Recommendations Conclusions
The researcher therefore concludes that it is reasonable and is vastly in demand to construct a Resort Hotel Complex within the vicinity of Pagkilatan, Batangas City. The respondents find the project a benefit for tourists like them especially having a hotel as means of their accommodation. They also stated that when they travel, they usually reside and find hotels that will make them feel comfortable as if they were just at their own houses. Contradicting to the site‘s facilities today, there aren‘t any Hotels to be found within the vicinity which tourists
today results to having a hard time in enjoying their stay in the area. Although there are resorts found within the neighborhood, the lodging isn‘t enough to accommodate all the tourists who would want to experience a decent vacation at a decent environment. Thus the respondents want to find something new and different to see in the tourism of Batangas making it a great impact to build a Resort Hotel Complex that would be new to the eyes of the people.
Recommendations
Having to build a Resort Hotel Complex, there are a lot of considerations that is needed to take one attention into. Firstly, the environment and the site should be well thought of. The effect of building a structure within the premises should be positive in terms with natural surroundings and the residence of the area. The potentials of the nature having a vivid and mountainous area with an overlooking seaside view should also be taken into consideration. The architecture implied should also be well studied and would denote to help the growth of the architecture field of our country. Also, planning and circulation of spaces of the facility should be well organized. This would affect the comfortability and the emotions of the potential tourist. Thus the facility must be large and enough to accommodate the growing population of tourism in Pagkilatan.
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PART II. RESEARCH FOCUS Chapter II.1: Rationale
The focus of this research is to further produce a Resort Hotel Complex that would be an iconic structure and a landmark for the vicinity thus making it one of the places to be visited in times of vacation. This would impact the industry of tourism and would find a new and different architectural-tourism approach in the industry of Batangas. Using the potentials of the area, a Marine Life Water Park will also be established because of the site being a Center of the Center of Marine Shore-fish Biodiversity. A garden will also be put up for further relaxation of tourists thus also using the site‘s potential.
The main use of a mixture of Vernacular and Tropical Architecture will the focal aim of the researcher as for the design. Innovative ideas will be put up to attract numbers of vacationist and tourists. This idea aims to develop the current Resort Hotel structures in our premises and to put something unique and new out of its design.
Chapter II.2: Principles and Relevance to the Project Principles of Vernacular Design
Spectacular Vernacular Vernacular design is more than t han a collection of quotable styles and false nostalgia —it is a systematic method for creation that can guide one towards more sustainable practices . Systems thinking are a leading development in contemporary design and those systems requiring the least resources will best serve design on its path toward sustainability. Vernacular design offers a valuable model as its aim is accomplishing the most with t he least . The vernacular process is a systematic framework for evolving concepts. A culture steadily culminates these frameworks over time. Traditions then arise allowing vernacular designers to reuse forms and methods for common tasks. Contemporary designers typically look for a new or wholly unique solution to a given problem, which is counter-productive to creating traditions. The concepts of constraint, durability, and thrift provide the foundation for the vernacular‘s evolutionary model. The same principles applied to modern-day design practice offer
new and concrete ways for design to move forward. 33
A. Constraint Indigenous builders use local climate, culture and materials to guide their processes instead of years of formal schooling. The constraint of locality may limit formal elements, materials, and size to vernacular builders, but making choices inside the presented constraints allows for innovation to take place outside of initial expectations. Constraints play a large part in sustainability. However, sustainability itself should be the most important constraint on the design decisions we make. We can simply limit ourselves to only the materials that meet our definitions of sustainable. But instead of simply making the ―sacrifice‖ to conserve materials, we should be inspired to develop new systems of designing in
which waste is no longer even an issue. iss ue. B. Thrift Indigenous buildings —whether Viking longhouses, Amish barns, or American bungalows —aim to get the most building for the least material, money, and time. Practicality is the focus. A building starts with something small and necessary and is only added to as money, time, and need allow. We have lost sight of this in contemporary design. We often seek the cheapest solutions monetarily, but we don‘t always seek the all-around least wasteful solutions.
We can also be thrifty with ideas and problem-solving, not just materials. Knowing when to spend resources on new, untested ideas, and when to use something old, reliable, and cheap is part of the sustainable designer‘s job. C. Durability The long lifespan of buildings is part of what allows them to grow, adapt, and evolve. With that comes consideration of material and maintenance. A Cape Cod house would never have specialized additions put on if the main core of the building constantly needed repair because of perishable parts. Most of the materials used in vernacular building practices are by their very nature durable: stone and large timbers. Ephemeral materials (such as straw, thatch, or wooden shingles) are used in ways and in places that allow them to show their wear and provide for easy repair and replacement. Some mainly aesthetic choices now made in current homes were once 34
made for issues of durability and longevity —cheap brick is kept weather resistant by stuccoing and hazard from fire is reduced by installing metal roofing.
Application Architecture Architecture in Tropical Design
Rule-Rule Tropical Architecture The building has a tropical architectural principles need to be developed as a form of environmentally-friendly building. Building with this principle can protect solar radiation, preventing the temperature increase in the room, and have space for outside air. Rules more tropical architecture refers to how resolve problematic as the blazing tropical sun radiation, a relatively high temperature, high humidity (for tropical moist) and wind speeds are relatively low so that the man who originally was not comfortable being outdoors, being comfortable when in the tropical building. Climate plays an important role in the design and planning of tropical building. Planners are required to use such considerations penghawaan aspects, comfort, ventilation, orientation, heat penetration, and the reflection of sunlight to reach the level of comfort. There are three actors in a tropical architecture that need to be analysed to achieve a level of comfort, namely: A. Climate
Sunlight (MRT)
Wind (vm/s)
Humidity (RH%)
Rainfall (mm/yr)
Temperature (TOC)
B. Modifier
Tree
Wall
Screen
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C. Human Modifications These are limited to clothing, food, activities and habits of humans.
As for how to manage / use of tropical climate (macro-and micro-climates) in the view of architecture, among others: A. Macro Climate
Opening a window on the north-south
Trees shrubs placed in the east, as wind in dry from March to September (not carrying water vapour), so it was not humid. If you plant a tree in the west, should be enhanced so as not to bring moist air into the room.
The east wall is opened, so that when December, the wind does not enter.
Bathrooms should be placed on the west course to dry (not humid).
The wind is passing good front / side (the position of the building is not back to the wind). Wind from the bottom and top is not good.
B. Microclimate
Building orientation, can receive as little as possible in the hot summer time, and able to withstand the heat as much as possible in the winter.
Ventilation (opening holes in space for the entry of penghawaan)
Sun shading (visors)
Controlling humidity
The use of building materials
The shape and size of the space
Setting vegetation must consider the principle of smooth flowing wind.
Materials and Building Materials Tropical The selected building materials do not have to be fancy, expensive or imported material. Indeed the use of appropriate materials, in accordance with the tropical climate and mitigation issues, is an important foundation for building a healthy home.
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Tropical Architecture Principles
The consideration of the weather, hydrography and ecosystems of the environment in which buildings are built for maximum performance with the least impact.
The efficacy and moderation in the use of construction materials, giving priority to low energy content compared to high energy.
The reduction of energy consumption for heating, cooling, lighting and equipment, covering the remainder of the claim with renewable energy sources.
The minimization of the building overall energy balance, covering the design, construction, use and end of its life.
The fulfilment of requirements of hydrothermal comfort, safety, lighting and occupancy of buildings.
Sustainable Tropical Building Design Principles
Energy and emissions 1. Incorporate passive design measures to maximise the use of natural ventilation, cooling and lighting. 2. Maximize energy efficiency and surpass minimum statutory requirements for energy efficiency. 3. Strive for long-term sustainability and energy security by installing renewable energy generation systems. 4. Maximize opportunities for public and active transport access to the building. Water and wastewater 5. Maximize water efficiency and surpass minimum statutory requirements for water efficiency. 6. Access alternative water sources to reduce consumption of potable water. 7. Phase out use of potable water in landscaping. Indoor environment quality 8. Incorporate materials and fittings that are not harmful to the health, safety and wellbeing of building users. 37
9. Use air-handling and temperature control systems that provide a comfortable and healthy indoor environment. 10. Ensure work areas have access to natural light and external views. Waste and construction materials 11. Select materials with the lower embodied energy and environmental impacts. 12. Maximize reuse and recycling of construction and demolition waste. 13. Allow 13. Allow adequate space for recycling, waste storage and composting composting by building occupants. Local environment 14. Restore habitat and improve community spaces surrounding buildings. 15. Minimize the impact during and post development on biodiversity, water and soil quality, soil erosion and visual amenity. Energy and Emissions
A. Passive Design ‗Passive design‘ is design that works with the environment to exclude unwanted heat
or cold and take advantage of sun and breezes, therefore avoiding or minimising the need for mechanical heating or cooling. Passive design in the tropics means designing a building to make the most of natural light and cooling breezes, and using shading, orientation and appropriate building materials to reduce heat gain and storage. The use of passive design principles in the tropics results in a building that is comfortable, energy efficient and results in substantial savings in running costs of both cooling and lighting. B. Orientation Understanding the daily and seasonal movements of the sun and the wind assists in orientating a building for optimal efficiency and comfort. Orientation concerns the position of the building on the site as well as the arrangement of the rooms within it. In the tropics, a building should be oriented so that the
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majority of walls and windows can easily be shaded from direct sun, while allowing maximum airflow and input of natural light.
Figure 1: Passive Ventilation; Cross Section
Figure 2: Convection Air Flow
C. Maximizing breezes
Orient the building to make the most of prevailing winds. Align vents, windows and doors to allow air flow through the building buildi ng – these should be aligned in a reasonably straight line for maximum effectiveness.
Minimize internal obstacles or blockages such as internal walls in major flow through areas to allow for unimpeded ventilation.
Raise the building off the ground to catch breezes.
D. Roof Ventilation Ventilating the ceiling cavity of a building is an effective way of replacing accumulated hot air with cool air from outside using convection. It also reduces heat radiated from the ceiling cavity to the inner parts of the building. Controls can be installed to stop ventilation during the cooler months if necessary. Examples of roof ventilation systems include spinning vents placed on the roof top which draw hot air out of the ceiling cavity by their spinning motion. Another type is a ridge vent, a non-moving vent that can be placed at the highest ridge point of the roof. The ridge vent allows hot air, which collects at the highest point, to flow out.
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Both of these examples operate most effectively when vents are installed in building eaves or in ceilings to allow cooler air to be drawn in through the eave vents, promoting greater flow of air through the roof vent.
Figure 3: Roof Cavity Ventilation
E. Landscaping for a cool building The hard surfaces of streets, driveways, parking areas and paving around buildings, absorb heat and then re-radiate it, creating a hotter microclimate. The combined effect of hard surfaces in our cities is known as the urban heat island effect. It is responsible for noticeable increases in temperature in cities compared to surrounding areas. Reducing the extent of paving and other hard surfaces that reflect and/ or store heat and replacing these with vegetation will result in a cooler building and more enjoyable outdoor areas. Planting areas around the building creates a cooler environment due to a plant‘s ability to transpire, or lose moisture, which cools the air. External temperatures can be reduced by over 5°C by using ground cover or lawn instead of paving. Planting areas with dense vegetation and creating shaded areas will achieve even greater temperature reductions. Air that is drawn into buildings via planted areas can have significant cooling benefit.
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Figure 4A: Shading and Landscaping
Figure 4B: Shading and Landscaping
F. Windows Encouraging natural airflow is integral to passive design in the tropics. Windows are an important way to encourage and direct air flow into a building. For many commercial buildings, air-conditioning will be used throughout the year; however buildings can be designed to operate without air-conditioning in cooler months. This allows for greater flexibility in catering to the needs of building users, and will save energy and money by switching air-conditioning off for part of the year. Louvers and casement style windows allow building users to control how much natural air enters the building. Well-placed louvers or windows, at floor level and at the highest point of the room, create convection air flow which draws air into the building and creates breezes to cool occupants. In a tropical climate, windows should ideally be shaded from direct sunlight all year round and should open to allow air flow. Where effective shading cannot be achieved, insulating windows against heat transfer can reduce cooling costs. The following measures can help reduce heat input through glass:
Tinted Glass
Reflective coatings
Advanced glazing technologies
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G. Natural Lighting Building should be designed to maximize the amount of natural light that enters the building, particularly workplaces. This can lead to significant energy savings by reducing the need for artificial lighting and has been shown to improve productivity. In a naturally well-lit space, artificial lighting should not be required for general activities during daylight hours. In larger buildings, task lighting may be required at work areas not directly near a window, as windows are only effective for letting natural light into a building up to a distance of 4-5 metres. It is therefore recommended that light switching be designed to allow perimeter lights to be adjusted separately from other lighting so that the benefits of natural light can be realized. The effectiveness of natural light can be improved by using light colours on walls, floors and horizontal surfaces, and by aligning internal walls and ceilings to maximize light reflection from light sources. The benefits of natural light must be balanced with strategies to manage glare and heat gain. For this reason, all glass should be shaded from direct sun of incorporate glazing technologies that reduce heat transfer. In addition to windows, natural light access can be obtained through skylights, light reflector and similar installations. Common solutions are below.
Skylights Atria
Light Shelves
Clerestory Windows
Light Tubes
Water and wastewater
A. Water Efficiency All fixtures and fittings fitt ings should be highly water wat er efficient, efficien t, with wit h at least a 5 star rating. rat ing. The Water Efficiency Labelling and Standards (WELS) scheme is a government initiative which aims to ensure that products are clearly labelled with information about their water efficiency. The WELS scheme gives a water efficiency rating of between 1 and 6 stars for each product, with
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more stars meaning the product is more water-efficient. Products can be compared online on the water ratings website. B. Rainwater Tanks Rainwater can be collected for indoor and outdoor use depending on the building location and roof condition. It is now mandatory for commercial buildings to collect rainwater for toilet flushing within the building. Consider exceeding these requirements and connecting tanks to supply external taps for irrigation also. C. Recycled Water Recycled water can be used instead of drinking quality water for non-potable uses such as irrigation, air-cooling towers and toilet flushing. Installing a recycled water supply is therefore an effective method for reducing potable water consumption and reducing environmental impacts. Grey water (waste water from fixtures such as showers, basins and taps) can be treated on site and used for toilet flushing and for the irrigation of landscaped areas. In some areas reticulated recycled water is available. Over time, the amount of reticulated recycled water available in the region will increase. D. Managing Storm Water In urban areas we have replaced vegetation with non-porous surfaces such as concrete and metal. The majority of rain falling on urban areas cannot soak into the soil and is instead diverted into storm water drainage systems which speed up the flow of the water and do not allow for sediments and nutrients to be removed. Reducing storm water runoff by capturing this water for use, or by filtering it through vegetation and soil, improves reef health and also decreases our dependence on the mains water supply. To most effectively manage storm water on site, efforts should be made to minimize the amount of impervious (non-porous) surfaces and maximise the potential for filtration, storage and infiltration, so that the least amount of water flows off-site into the storm water system. Retaining storm water onsite temporarily stores surface runoff and releases it at a reduced rate to receiving waters. This reduces peak storm flows through natural drainage systems and minimises flooding potential. 43
The following design principles can be incorporated to reduce storm water runoff and limit a building‘s impact on water quality.
Avoid changes to topography, vegetation and landforms
Minimize impervious areas
Install rainwater tanks
Use green walls and green roofs
Use Water Sensitive Urban Design
Infiltration Trenches
Swales
Bio-retention systems
Create rain gardens
Figure 5: Workings of the infiltration trench
Chapter II.3: Application to the Project
The researched data that was collected and presented on the previous Chapter will be the foundation in the design of the Proposed Resort Hotel Complex. It was perceived that the designs such as vernacular and tropical be the fundamental scheme that will make up the structure. Principles and considerations were discussed of the selected architectural innovations. These data are found to enlighten and make the proposed structure be as unique and environmentally effective as possible. Principles where collected to further know its purpose, aims and how to imply it within the structure. Thus, considering the constraint, durability and thrift in vernacular architecture is a must. Tropical design on the other hand, aims to place the structure in harmony with the environment and have it in a manner that the users will be comfortable enough within the facility. It talks about sustainability and consideration to energy and emissions, water and wastewater, indoor environment quality, waste and construction material and lastly, local environment.
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PART III. SITE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS Chapter III.1: Site Selection Process Criteria for Site Selection
The following are the Criteria that are needed to be considered in order to acquire a site that is appropriate and will fit for the Proposed Structure:
Transportation and Accessibility; Can be easily accessed by the tourists/vacationers in terms of different transportations such as by land, water or air.
Destination Characteristics; the supposed site has a positive characteristic or image for the proposed structure.
Safety and Security; should as much as possible not be prone to disasters such as floods or landslides.
Nature; has an exquisite view that would add up to the function of the Resort Hotel
Resort Quality; demand to be near a body of water
Available Technology; can provide adequate technology or communication that is needed Size; should provide the desired scope that is necessary
Site Option Description (at least 3 sites)
Site Option 01
Location: Pagkilatan (formerly Barrio Matoco), Batangas City Area: 105,388 square meters (Only a portion of land was used)
(See Tax Declaration at Appendix)
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Site Option 2 Location: Pagkilatan (formerly Barrio Matoco), Batangas City
Location: Pagkilatan (formerly Barrio Matoco), Batangas City Area: 30,887 square meters
(See Tax Declaration at Appendix)
Site Option 03: Location: Ilijan, Batangas City
Location: Ilijan, Batangas City Area: 36,074 square meters Land Type: for Pasture 46
(See Tax Declaration at Appendix)
Site Selection and Justification
The Sites where rated according to the Site‘ s criteria being 5 the highest and 1 the lowest. These were the results of the Site selection:
Among the three (3) sites that was selected and given the tax declaration or tct, the first one was selected to be the site of the Resort Hotel Complex for it is huge enough to occupy the facility and the needs of the Complex. Thus, it is also near the body of water and is ideal for the Resort. This will also attract the visitors and travellers for its wonderful natural environment. Although it is near residences, it is i s a good way for the economy of o f the people within the vicinity for they can work there which will also be a less burden for it will be near their homes.
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Chapter III.2: Site Evaluation and Analysis The Macro Setting
Introduction Batangas City or ―Lungsod ng Batangas‖ is known as the capital city of the
Province of Batangas. It is also said to be the largest of all the provinces handled in Batangas having a land area of more or less 28,541.44 hectares. It is divided up into 105 Barangays and has a population of 305,607
Figure 1: Batangas City Map Location
people as of the 2010 census. The City of Batangas is mostly mo stly known as the ―Industrial Port City of CALABARZON.‖ It
is also categorized as one of the many competitive cities today having a fast-track point in trading, commercial and industrial activities in the neighbourhood. It also has a title of being a Regional Growth Center and recognized as one of the locations for the Regional Agro-Industrial Center and Special Economic Zone as authorized by the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan and the Ecozone Act 1995. It is 112.00 kilometres away from Manila and can be voyaged in about a span of two (2) hours along the Southern Tagalog Arterial Road (STAR).
Physical and Geological Aspects
I. Location The City of Batangas is geographically found at coordinates 13 degrees, 45 minutes and 25.96 seconds north latitude and 121 degrees, 3 minutes and 29.2 seconds east longitude. It is surrounded by San Pascual Municipality on the northwest; San Jose Municipality on the north; Taysan, Lobo and Ibaan Municipalities on the east; and Batangas Bay on the south.
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II. Terrain The Rolling terrain of the City of Batangas varies from a slope of 0% to 30%. In Barangay Talumpok Silangan, Mount Banoy which is approximately 968 meters above sea level is the peak point of the City. On the other hand, the coastal barangays of the City which starts from Sta. Rita Aplaya on the north to Ambulong on the south has a level of nearly 0% to 3% slope. On the other hand, the east part has a slope that increases from 8% to 30% beyond the Barangays of Mabacong, Simlong and Pinamucan Ibaba. Lastly, having a slope of 30% is the Matuco Point located at the southwest tip of the City. At the South portion of the City, Verde Island is situated having six (6) Barangays which has a slope stretching from 3% to 30%.
Table 1: Slope and Land Area Percentage Distribution
III. Climate Condition The City of Batangas is commonly coolest on the months of December to January having a temperature reaching from 22ºC to 26ºC. In May, from the mean temperature this then rises and achieves a maximum of 36ºC. Lastly, the month of October results the steady fall of temperature. The driest periods in Batangas City occur from January to April with a typical monthly rainfall of less than 50 mm per month. The maximum rain periods on the other hand happen during the months of June to September having an average of monthly rainfall of 275 mm per month.
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IV. Water Resources The City is composed by numerous streams that converge at the Calumpang River which then flows to Batangas Bay. This river is a perennial body of water having a catchment area of around 472.00 sq. kilometers. Batangas City also has several springs which serve the needs of nearby citizens for their water supply necessities. These springs can be found in the barangays Talumpok Kanluran at Silangan, Cumba, Sto. Domingo, Talahib Pandayan, Talahib Payapa, Ilijan, Malibayo Bilogo, Haligue Kanluran, Haligue Silangan, Maruclap and Conde Itaas. V. Soil Types and Locations Batangas City‘s land area is composed of seven (7) forms of soil – Taal Sandy Loam,
Hydrosoil, Calumpang Clay Loam, Ibaan Clay Loam, Ibaan Loam, Ibaan Loam (Gravely Phase), and Sibul.
Table 2: Types of Soil, Location and Agricultural Potentials of Batangas City
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Socio-Economic Condition
I. Population The City of Batangas has a projected population of 325,532 with a population growth rate of 2.13% as said by the CY 2010 POPCEN of the National Statistics Office (NSO). Having the smallest population is an urban Barangay, Barangay 17 having a population of 111. While the highest population having 18, 460 is Barangay Sta. Rita Karsada. The City also has an urban population of 179,565 and a rural population of 145,967 representing 55% and 45% of the total population of the City. The male to female population of the city has an average ratio of 0.99:1.00 having the female being the slightly higher one. From the 105 barangays the city has, a number of fiftyone (51) barangays have a higher male population while fifty-four (54) barangays have a higher female population and lastly, two (2) barangays named as Mahacot Silangan and Malitam has an equivalent male female population. Having a land area of o f 28,541.44 hectares and a population of 325,532 as said earlier, the population density is computed to be 11.17 per persons per hectare or 1,117 persons per square kilometre. II. Labor Force The city has a total labor force participation of 104,520 which has 86.9% employed and 13.1% not employed based on the National Statistics Office (NSO) latest data as of April
Table 3: National Statistics Office Labor Force Data
2003. III. Education Education in Batangas City isn‘t just for the people residing in it but is also a benefit
for the whole Region IV-A (CALABARZON). The learning institutions inside the city offer all level of education.
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As of SY 2013-2014, there is about 8,161 pre-schoolers in Batangas City having 111 day care centers constructed in the different portions of the city. The elementary level has an estimated 43,535 students with about 83 public elementary schools and 35 private elementary schools. The secondary level has a total of 25,043 student population having 20 public secondary schools and 17 private secondary schools. College Schools within area are also numerous namely Batangas State University, Lyceum of the Philippines University, University of Batangas, Westmead International School, Saint Bridget College, Colegio ng Lungsod ng Batangas, Golden Gate Colleges and STI College having a total of 21,885 enrolled students. VI. Finance As of the year 2013, the Approved Annual Budget equaled to 1,254,050,000.00 pesos. 31.70% was allotted for Personal Services, 39.33% was allotted for Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses, 12.06% went to Capital Outlays, 7.81% was allotted for Special Purpose Lump sum Appropriation and 9.10% was allocated for Programs and Projects of the City Mayor. VII. Tourism, Visual Appeals and Attractions
Figure 2: Tingga Falls – Daang
Figure 3: Mahabang Buhangin – Isla
Ibaan, Batangas City
Verde, Batangas City
Figure 4: Tinalunan – Isla Verde,
Figure 5: Ilijan Falls – Barangay
Batangas City
Ilijan, Batangas City
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Figure 6: Basilica de Immaculada Concepcion – Batangas City
Figure 7: Plaza Mabini – Batangas
Figure 8: Laurel Park – Batangas
Figure 9: Mt. Banoy – Batangas City
City
City
Figure 10: Hotel Pontefino – Batangas City
Figure 11: Days Hotel – Batangas
City
Figure 12: F. Baylosis Restaurant –
Batangas City
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Transportation Transportation and Utilities
III. Transportation System A. Land Transportation The transportation within the city by land is accessible with the use of public buses, public jeepneys, tricycles, privately owned cars, and vans. If voyaging to nearby provinces or off to Manila, there is a public utility bus that one can get such as the Batangas Star Express, RRCG Transit, Supreme Transit Liner, Ceres Transport, ALPS, JAM Transit, DLTB Co., N. Dela Rosa Liner Inc., and many more.
Figure 13: Grand Terminal, Batangas City
B. Air Service The City of Batangas does not have any existing Airport within the area. Although, helicopters that lands or take of in the vicinity of the city uses the Quezon Memorial Stadium, the Batangas National High School ground, the PPA facilities or the Camp General Miguel Malvar (PNP Provincial Office Compound) situated in barangay Alangilan. C. Water Transportation The Batangas Port having to be below the management of the Philippine Port Authority is currently known as the most up-to-date and user friendly seaport in our country today. The port also now serves its adjacent island provinces such Mindoro Occidental, Mindoro Oriental, Romblon and Palawan as well as some parts of the CALABARZON and MIMAROPA Regions.
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Figure 13: Batangas City PIER
VI. Utility Systems A. Water Supply The Water Supply System of the City of Batangas is managed by its own system, Batangas City Water District (BCWD) under Presidential Decree No. 128. It was created under the commands of the Local Water Utilities Authority (LWUA) which serves financial and technical assistance to the water district. Its average water supply/production capacity per month for the year of 2013 is 567,804 cubic meters whereas the average demand/consumption capacity per month is 318,756 cubic meters. B. Power Supply The power supply of the 105 barangays uses 3 categories: ninety-nine (99) barangays are served by the Manila Electric Company (MERALCO), other portions of barangays San Jose Sico, Talahib Pandacan, and Talumpok Silangan are served by the Batangas Electric Cooperative II (BATELEC II) and lastly, the six (6) barangays situated in Verde Islands depends on diesel fired power generators and solar energy devices for their daily electricity needs. C. Communication Batangas City offers eight (8) radio stations having seven (7) FM and one (1) AM frequencies, specifically the DWAM Spirit FM, Baycomms Radio (DWEY-FM), Lyceum Campus Radio (FM), BSU Campus Radio107.4 FM, Radyo Natin 91.9 FM, UB Campus Radio, DWAL 95.9 FM and the DWAW-AM. The landline phone services in the city are composed of The Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT), Bayan Telecommunication, Digitel Mobile Philippines and Globe 55
Telecom Incorporation. On the other hand, the mobile phone services in the city are served by Smart, Globe Telecom and Sun Cellular. The Batangas City‘s Internet service providers is composed of six (6) namely, the
Smart Communication Inc., Digitel Telecommunications Philippines Inc., PLDT Company, Innove Telecommunication
(Globe),
Bulahawdotcom/Mozcom
Batangas
and
Batangas
CATV
Incorporation.
The Micro Setting Introduction
Pagkilatan is a barangay located in the City of Batangas that is within the premises situated in the province of Batangas. Its projected population distribution is estimated with the total population of 1,407 cited by National Statistics Office Batangas. Pagkilatan holds one of the richest marine ecology in Batangas Province which is an ideal place for scuba diving and snorkeling. Its shores are surrounded by pebbles and have two types – white and black sand which is identical in Puerto Galera. Also, from afar, one can see the spectacular view of Verde Island and the nearby municipalities of Tingloy and Mabini.
Physical and Geological Aspects
I. Location Pagkilatan is geographically found at coordinates 13 degrees, 38 minutes and 8 seconds north latitude and 121 degrees, 2 minutes and 51 seconds east longitude. Its geographical location is Batangas, Region 4, Philippines, Asia. It is surrounded by Batangas City, Lumangbayan, Victoria, and Oriental Mindoro. It also has a land area of 355.2922 HAS cited by Office of the City Assessor and City Planning and Development Office Batangas City
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II. Terrain The Rolling terrain of Pagkilatan has a slope of 30% located at the south west tip of the city. The estimated terrain elevation above sea level is 73 meters, 239.5 feet, and 2874.02 inches. III. Climate Condition Pagkilatan has a similar climate condition with the City of Batangas since it is a part of it. Pagkilatan is commonly coolest on the months of December to January having a temperature reaching from 22ºC to 26ºC. In May, from the mean temperature this then increases and achieves a maximum of 36ºC. Lastly, the month of October results the steady fall of temperature. The driest periods in Batangas City occur from January to April with a typical monthly rainfall of less than 50 mm per month. The maximum rain periods on the other hand happen during the months of June to September having an average of monthly rainfall of 275 mm per month. VI. Soil Types and Locations Pagkilatan‘s type of soil is Ibaan Loam or also known as Gravely Phase which is a
residual soil representing the decomposition products of the underlying volcanic tuff material. It is dark brown, very friable, mellow and easy to cultivate. The subsoil is dark, loamy in texture, and becomes heavy and waxy at a depth of 75 centimeters or more. Its agricultural potentials are coconut, atis, cacao, and coffee.
Socio-Economic Condition
I. Population Pagkilatan is one of the 105 barangays located in the City of Batangas and part of the Luzon group of islands. Its projected population distribution is estimated with the total population of 1,407 which consist of 698 male and 709 female as of CY 2013 cited by National Statistics Office Batangas.
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II. Education There is only one school in Pagkilatan which is Pagkilatan Elementary School that teaches students in grades one to six in Batangas City, Batangas of Calabarzon (Region IV-A). The school has 8 instructional rooms and 2 non-instructional rooms, which are all powered by a power grid. For the S.Y. 2013 to 2014, it has 218 students, and the class size is around 27 students. The school has an equal number of 109 male and female students. Felisa R. Sulit is in charge of the school, acting as the school's Head Teacher S.Y. 2013-2014.
Transportation Transportation and Utilities
III. Transportation System A. Land Transportation The transportation by land is accessible with the use of private car, hired jeepneys or other vehicles. If traveling from Manila to Batangas City with the use of public transportation, there is a public utility bus at Buendia Terminal either in Jam, DLTB, Alps, or Ceres. The public utility bus will arrive at the Batangas City Public Terminal. From there on, the only accessible transportation is a jeepney. The Batangas – Balagtas jeepney going to the terminal of Solid Baybay in the New Market is the next stop. Another jeepney will be used as means of transportation that will travel to Batangas - Dela Paz Pulot jeepney or Batangas - Ilijan jeepeney which will pass by Pagkilatan. B. Air Service Pagkilatan has no existing Airport within the area. C. Water Transportation As for water transportation, transportat ion, people from Isla Verde, Tingloy, Ti ngloy, Puerto Galera and other ot her nearby islands can dock directly to Pagkilatan by hired motorized boat or small ferry boats. The minimum travel time would be 20 minutes. For the fare, there is no specified rate because usually boats are hired. The approximate fares are as follows: 1) From Isla Verde – Php 90/head, 2) from Tingloy – Php 150/head, and 3) from Puerto Galera – Php 150/head.
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And for tourists who will be coming from Puerto Galera, Mindoro and Romblon Island via Batangas Port, the following table shows the name of the shipping line, fare rate, and schedule. Shipping
Schedule
Fare
Line PUERTO GALERA
Minolo Shipping Lines (MSL) (Outriggers)
Terminal
Environmental
Fee
Usage Fee
PHP 30
PHP 50
TOTAL FEE
07:30 AM 10:30 AM 12:00 NN
PHP 230
PHP 310
01:30 PM 03:30 PM
CALAPAN,
12:00 MN
MINDORO
04:00 AM
1st class –
1st class –
07:30 AM
PHP480
PHP 510
Montenegro
8:30 AM
Shipping
10:30 AM
2nd class –
Lines, Inc.
12:00 NN
PHP 360
(RORO)
02:00 PM
PHP 30
N/A
2nd class – PHP 390
4:00 PM
3rd class –
3rd class –
07:30 PM
PHP 240
PHP 270
ROMBLON
First class –
First class –
ISLAND
PHP 1,446
PHP 1,476
(Every
DELUXE –
DELUXE –
Tuesday,
PHP 1,255
10:00 PM
Montenegro Shipping Lines, Inc. (RORO)
02:00 PM PHP 30
N/A
PHP 1,285
Friday, & Sunday)
ECONOMY –
ECONOMY –
PHP 954
PHP 984
VI. Utility Systems A. Water Supply The Water Supply System of the City of Batangas is managed by its own system, Batangas City Water District (BCWD) under Presidential Decree No. 128. It was created under the commands of the Local Water Utilities Authority (LWUA) which serves financial and technical assistance to the water district. Its average water supply/production capacity per month for the year of 2013 is 567,804 cubic meters whereas the average demand/consumption capacity per month is 318,756 cubic meters.
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Related Laws and Ordinances
P. D. 1096 - National Building Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations P.D. 1185 - Fire Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations B.P. 344 - Accessibility Law and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations R.A. 1378 - National Plumbing Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations R.A. 184 - Philippine Electrical Code Department of Tourism
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Chapter III.3: Site Development Option Site Analysis
Size and Location
The
proposed
site
Road Networks and Transportation
is
situated
at
Barangay
Pagkilatan, Batangas City. It is bounded by the
The selected site can be accessed through one (1) existing two-way road.
Pagkilatan River by the east and the Isla Verde Passage on the south. Sun Path Diagram
Wind Path Analysis
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Noise Analysis
SWOT Analysis Strength:
The area of the site is enormous
Environment is rich in great views of mountain and seaside
The site is near tourist spots – Monte Maria, Isla Verde Passage
Weakness:
Accessibility of the site
Risk of Tsunamis is prone
Slopes restriction of planning structure
Opportunity:
Improve the economy and tourism of the district
Be an icon to the Vicinity
Threats:
Neighboring sites such as other resorts
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Proposed Site Development Plan
Scheme 01
Scheme 02
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Appendices Transfer Certificate of Title of Site 01 and Site 02
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65
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Tax Declaration of Site 03
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